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[o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div 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id="toc-1826_to_1836_–_London_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1836_to_1900_–_University_College,_London" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1836_to_1900_–_University_College,_London"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1836 to 1900 – University College, London </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1836_to_1900_–_University_College,_London-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1900_to_1976_–_University_of_London,_University_College" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1900_to_1976_–_University_of_London,_University_College"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 1900 to 1976 – University of London, University College </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1900_to_1976_–_University_of_London,_University_College-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1976_to_2005_–_University_College_London" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1976_to_2005_–_University_College_London"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 1976 to 2005 – University College London </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1976_to_2005_–_University_College_London-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_2005" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_2005"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 From 2005 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_2005-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus_and_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus_and_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Campus and locations </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus_and_locations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campus and locations subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campus_and_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bloomsbury" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bloomsbury"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Bloomsbury </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bloomsbury-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UCL_East" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UCL_East"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 UCL East </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UCL_East-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Other sites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Student housing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Environmental initiatives </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Organisation and administration </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Organisation and administration subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculties_and_departments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculties_and_departments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Faculties and departments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculties_and_departments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Finances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Terms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logo_and_colours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_and_colours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Logo and colours </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_and_colours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memberships,_affiliations_and_partnerships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memberships,_affiliations_and_partnerships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Memberships, affiliations and partnerships </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memberships,_affiliations_and_partnerships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_profile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_profile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Academic profile </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Academic profile subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Academic_profile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Research_centres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_centres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Research centres </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_centres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publishing_and_commercialisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publishing_and_commercialisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Publishing and commercialisation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publishing_and_commercialisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Special_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Special collections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Museums </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Reputation and rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Admissions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Admissions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Widening_access" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Widening_access"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Widening access </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Widening_access-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Student life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Students'_union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Students'_union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Students' union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Students'_union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Faith </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Sport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mascot" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mascot"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Mascot </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mascot-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_King's_College_London" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_King's_College_London"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Rivalry with King's College London </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_King's_College_London-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Student campaigns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_body" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_body"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Student body </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_body-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student body subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_body-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diversity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Diversity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diversity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">University College London</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" > 65 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كلية لندن الجامعية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلية لندن الجامعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Universitet_Kolleci" title="London Universitet Kolleci – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="London Universitet Kolleci" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="لندن بیلیم‌یوردو کالجی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لندن بیلیم‌یوردو کالجی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univ%C3%A9rsitas_Kol%C3%A9s%C3%A9_London" title="Univérsitas Kolésé London – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Univérsitas Kolésé London" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউনিভার্সিটি কলেজ লন্ডন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউনিভার্সিটি কলেজ লন্ডন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Лондонски университетски колеж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лондонски университетски колеж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_de_Londres" title="University College de Londres – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="University College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleg_Prifysgol_Llundain" title="Coleg Prifysgol Llundain – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coleg Prifysgol Llundain" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πανεπιστημιακό Κολέγιο του Λονδίνου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πανεπιστημιακό Κολέγιο του Λονδίνου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_de_Londres" title="University College de Londres – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="University College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato-Kolegio_de_Londono" title="Universitato-Kolegio de Londono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato-Kolegio de Londono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="کالج دانشگاهی لندن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالج دانشگاهی لندن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_de_Londres" title="University College de Londres – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="University College de Londres" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%88%EB%B2%84%EC%8B%9C%ED%8B%B0_%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80_%EB%9F%B0%EB%8D%98" title="유니버시티 칼리지 런던 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유니버시티 칼리지 런던" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BB" title="Լոնդոնի համալսարանական քոլեջ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լոնդոնի համալսարանական քոլեջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C,_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%A8" title="यूनिवर्सिटी कॉलेज, लन्दन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूनिवर्सिटी कॉलेज, लन्दन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Kolese_London" title="Universitas Kolese London – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Kolese London" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_(Londra)" title="University College (Londra) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="University College (Londra)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%27_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9F" title="יוניברסיטי קולג' לונדון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוניברסיטי קולג' לונדון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ლონდონის საუნივერსიტეტო კოლეჯი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლონდონის საუნივერსიტეტო კოლეჯი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%96" title="Лондон колледж университеті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лондон колледж университеті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Лондон Колледж Университети – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лондон Колледж Университети" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonas_Universit%C4%81tes_koled%C5%BEa" title="Londonas Universitātes koledža – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Londonas Universitātes koledža" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londono_universiteto_koled%C5%BEas" title="Londono universiteto koledžas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Londono universiteto koledžas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8" title="युनिभर्सिटी कलेज लण्डन – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="युनिभर्सिटी कलेज लण्डन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ლონდონიშ ოუნივერსიტეტე კოლეჯი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლონდონიშ ოუნივერსიტეტე კოლეჯი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF%DA%86_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="يونيڤيرستى كوليدچ لندن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يونيڤيرستى كوليدچ لندن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolej_Universiti_London" title="Kolej Universiti London – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kolej Universiti London" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3" title="ユニヴァーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユニヴァーシティ・カレッジ・ロンドン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A8" title="ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਕਾਲਜ ਲੰਦਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਨੀਵਰਸਿਟੀ ਕਾਲਜ ਲੰਦਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="یونیورسٹی کالج لندن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یونیورسٹی کالج لندن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_(Lunrun)" title="University College (Lunrun) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="University College (Lunrun)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Университетский колледж Лондона – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Университетский колледж Лондона" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitetni_kolid%C5%BE_v_Londonu" title="Univerzitetni kolidž v Londonu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Univerzitetni kolidž v Londonu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9F" title="Лондонски универзитетски колеџ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лондонски универзитетски колеџ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonski_univerzitetski_koled%C5%BE" title="Londonski univerzitetski koledž – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Londonski univerzitetski koledž" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="University College London" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="இலண்டன் பல்கலைக்கழகக் கல்லூரி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலண்டன் பல்கலைக்கழகக் கல்லூரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ยูนิเวอร์ซิตีคอลลิจลันเดิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยูนิเวอร์ซิตีคอลลิจลันเดิน" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public research university in London, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">University College London</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:University_College_London_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/University_College_London_logo.svg/250px-University_College_London_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/University_College_London_logo.svg/375px-University_College_London_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/University_College_London_logo.svg/500px-University_College_London_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="88" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">UCL</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">London University (1826–1836) University College, London (1836–1907) University of London, University College (1907–1976) University College London (1977–2005; remains legal name)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: Cuncti adsint meritaeque expectent praemia palmae</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1826; 198 years ago (1826) (University status 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">£156.8 million (2023)<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£1.933 billion (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chair_(officer)" title="Chair (officer)">Chair</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Victor L. L. Chu<a href="#cite_note-Chu-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sir_Geoffrey_Vos" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Geoffrey Vos">Sir Geoffrey Vos</a> (as <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Rolls" title="Master of the Rolls">Master of the Rolls</a> <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">Chancellor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a> (as Chancellor of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/President_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="President (education)">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Spence_(legal_scholar)" title="Michael Spence (legal scholar)">Michael Spence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">9,910 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,275 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStaff-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">51,810 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">25,675 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26,135 (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-HESAStudents-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other students</div></th><td class="infobox-data">895 (studying wholly overseas; 2021/22)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_College_London&params=51_31_29_N_00_08_01_W_type:edu_scale:3000">51°31′29″N 00°08′01″W / 51.52472°N 0.13361°W / 51.52472; -0.13361</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Urban</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">Purple</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bleu_celeste" title="Bleu celeste">blue celeste</a><a href="#cite_note-colours-6">[6]</a><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%;height:1.75em"><td style="background: #500778; width:27.27%;"></td> <td style="background: #A4DBE8; width:9.09%;"></td> <td style="background: #500778; width:27.28%;"></td> <td style="background: #A4DBE8; width:9.09%;"></td> <td style="background: #500778; width:27.27%;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">ACU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">EUA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">LERU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_(universities)" class="mw-redirect" title="SES (universities)">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ucl.ac.uk">ucl.ac.uk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> University College London (<a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">branded as</a> UCL<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England. It is a <a href="/wiki/Member_institutions_of_the_University_of_London" title="Member institutions of the University of London">member institution</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_university" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal university">federal</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a>, and is the second-largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">university in the United Kingdom by total enrolment</a><a href="#cite_note-HESA_citation-10">[10]</a> and the largest by postgraduate enrolment. Established in 1826 as London University (though without university degree-awarding powers) by founders inspired by the radical ideas of <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Jeremy Bentham</a>, UCL was the first university institution to be established in London, and the first in England to be entirely secular and to admit students regardless of their religion.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> It was also among the first university colleges to admit women alongside men in 1878, two years after <a href="/wiki/University_College,_Bristol" title="University College, Bristol">University College, Bristol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Intended by its founders to be <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">England's third university</a>, politics forced it to accept the status of a college in 1836, when it received a <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a> and became one of the two founding <a href="/wiki/Colleges_of_the_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Colleges of the University of London">colleges of the University of London</a>, although it achieved de facto recognition as a university in the 1990s and formal university status in 2023. It has grown through mergers, including with the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Ophthalmology" title="UCL Institute of Ophthalmology">Institute of Ophthalmology</a> (in 1995), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Neurology" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute of Neurology">Institute of Neurology</a> (in 1997), the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Free_Hospital" title="Royal Free Hospital">Royal Free Hospital</a> Medical School (in 1998), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Eastman_Dental_Institute" title="UCL Eastman Dental Institute">Eastman Dental Institute</a> (in 1999), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a> (in 1999), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy" title="UCL School of Pharmacy">School of Pharmacy</a> (in 2012) and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Education" title="UCL Institute of Education">Institute of Education</a> (in 2014). UCL has its main campus in the <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">central London</a>, with a number of institutes and teaching hospitals elsewhere in central London and has a second campus, <a href="/wiki/UCL_East" title="UCL East">UCL East</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park" title="Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park">Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a>, East London. UCL is organised into <a href="#Faculties_and_departments">11 constituent faculties</a>, within which there are over 100 departments, institutes and research centres. UCL operates several museums and collections in a wide range of fields, including the <a href="/wiki/Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology" title="Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology">Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Grant_Museum_of_Zoology_and_Comparative_Anatomy" title="Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy">Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy</a>, and administers the annual <a href="/wiki/Orwell_Prize" title="Orwell Prize">Orwell Prize</a> in political writing. In 2022/23, UCL had a total income of £1.93 billion, of which £527 million was from research grants and contracts.<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> The university generates around £10 billion annually for the UK economy, primarily through the spread of its research and knowledge (£4 billion) and the impact of its own spending (£3 billion).<a href="#cite_note-EconomicImpact-14">[14]</a> UCL is a member of numerous academic organisations, including the <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a> and the <a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities</a>, and is part of <a href="/wiki/UCL_Partners" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Partners">UCL Partners</a>, the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Academic_health_science_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic health science centre">academic health science centre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Health_Service_Journal-15">[15]</a> It is considered part of the "<a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">golden triangle</a>" of research-intensive universities in southeast England.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> UCL has publishing and commercial activities including UCL Press, <a href="/wiki/UCL_Business" title="UCL Business">UCL Business</a> and UCL Consultants. UCL has many notable alumni, including the founder of Mauritius, the first Prime Minister of Japan, one of the co-discoverers of the structure of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, and the members of <a href="/wiki/Coldplay" title="Coldplay">Coldplay</a>. UCL academics discovered five of the naturally occurring <a href="/wiki/Noble_gases" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble gases">noble gases</a>, discovered <a href="/wiki/Hormone" title="Hormone">hormones</a>, invented the <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_tube" title="Vacuum tube">vacuum tube</a>, and made several <a href="/wiki/History_of_statistics" title="History of statistics">foundational advances</a> in modern statistics. As of 2024, 32 Nobel Prize winners<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> and three <a href="/wiki/Fields_medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Fields medal">Fields medallists</a><a href="#cite_note-Fields-18">[18]</a> have been affiliated with UCL as alumni or academic staff. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_University_College_London" title="History of University College London">History of University College London</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1826_to_1836_–_London_University">1826 to 1836 – London University</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1826 to 1836 – London University">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_London_1829.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/University_of_London_1829.jpg/220px-University_of_London_1829.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/University_of_London_1829.jpg/330px-University_of_London_1829.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/University_of_London_1829.jpg/440px-University_of_London_1829.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3268" data-file-height="1978" /></a><figcaption>Share no. 1105 in the University of London, issued 3 February 1829</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG/220px-The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG/330px-The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG/440px-The_London_University_by_Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd_1827-28.JPG 2x" data-file-width="484" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>The London University (now the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Main_Building" title="UCL Main Building">UCL Main Building</a>) as imagined by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hosmer_Shepherd" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hosmer Shepherd">Thomas Hosmer Shepherd</a> in 1827–28, when construction was in progress. The portico and dome were completed in 1829, but lack of funds meant it would be many years before reality matched the picture.</figcaption></figure> UCL was founded on 11 February 1826 as an alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> universities of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> It took the form of a <a href="/wiki/Joint_stock_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint stock company">joint stock company</a>, with shares sold for £100 (equivalent to £10,600 in 2023) to proprietors, under the name of London University, although without legal recognition as a university or the associated right to award degrees.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Penman-22">[22]</a> London University's first warden was <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Horner" title="Leonard Horner">Leonard Horner</a>, who was the first scientist to head a British university.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG/170px-Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG/255px-Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG/340px-Four_founders_of_UCL.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1454" data-file-height="1947" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_Tonks" title="Henry Tonks">Henry Tonks</a>' 1923 mural The Four Founders of UCL</figcaption></figure> Despite the commonly held belief that the philosopher <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Jeremy Bentham</a> was the founder of UCL, his direct involvement was limited to the purchase of share No. 633, at a cost of £100 paid in nine instalments between December 1826 and January 1830. In 1828, he did nominate a friend to sit on the council, and in 1827, attempted to have his disciple <a href="/wiki/John_Bowring" title="John Bowring">John Bowring</a> appointed as the first professor of English or History, but on both occasions his candidates were unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> However, Bentham is commonly regarded as the "spiritual father" of UCL, as his ideas on education and society were influential with the institution's founders, particularly <a href="/wiki/James_Mill" title="James Mill">James Mill</a> (1773–1836) and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Brougham,_1st_Baron_Brougham_and_Vaux" title="Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux">Henry Brougham</a> (1778–1868).<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In 1828, the chair of political economy at London University was created, with <a href="/wiki/John_Ramsay_McCulloch" title="John Ramsay McCulloch">John Ramsay McCulloch</a> as the first incumbent.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In 1829, the university appointed the first professor of English in England, although the course concentrated on linguistics and the modern teaching of English – studying English literature – was introduced by <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a> in 1831.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> In 1830, London University founded the London University School, which would later become <a href="/wiki/University_College_School" title="University College School">University College School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In 1833, the university appointed <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Maconochie_(penal_reformer)" title="Alexander Maconochie (penal reformer)">Alexander Maconochie</a>, secretary to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Geographical Society">Royal Geographical Society</a>, as the first professor of geography in Britain.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Classes in medicine began at the opening of the college in 1828, and in 1834 <a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a> (originally North London Hospital) opened as a teaching hospital for these classes, which were organised into a faculty of medicine in 1836.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1836_to_1900_–_University_College,_London">1836 to 1900 – University College, London</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1836 to 1900 – University College, London">edit</a>]</div> After almost a decade of attempting to win recognition as a university and the right to award degrees, including an Address to the Crown from the House of Commons, the proprietors of London University accepted the government's proposal to establish the University of London as an independent examining body, accepting the status of a college for their institution.<a href="#cite_note-UoL_Hist_Rec-32">[32]</a> As a result, the proprietors of London University were incorporated by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a> under the name University College, London on 28 November 1836. On the same day, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> was created by royal charter as a degree-awarding examining board for students from affiliated schools and colleges, with University College and <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College</a>, London being named in the charter as the first two affiliates.<a href="#cite_note-UoL_Hist_Rec-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The first students from UCL and King's matriculated as undergraduates in 1838 and the first degrees were awarded to students of the two colleges in 1839.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> There had been an intention to establish a course in engineering at the college's opening but no professor was appointed until 1840 or 1841, after engineering courses had started at Durham University (1837) and King's College London (1838).<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Slade_School_of_Fine_Art" title="Slade School of Fine Art">Slade School of Fine Art</a> was founded as part of University College in 1871, following a bequest from <a href="/wiki/Felix_Slade" title="Felix Slade">Felix Slade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> In 1878, the University of London gained a supplemental charter making it the first British university to be allowed to award degrees to women. The same year, UCL admitted women to the faculties of Arts and Law and of Science, although women remained barred from the faculties of Engineering and of Medicine (with the exception of courses on public health and hygiene).<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> UCL's admission of women in 1878 came almost three decades after <a href="/wiki/Bedford_College,_London" title="Bedford College, London">Bedford College</a> became the first institution to offer university-level education for women in Britain, and the establishment of the University of London's General Examination for Women in 1868.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The Ladies' Educational Association held classes for women from 1868, taught by professors from UCL but independently of the college. From 1871 to 1872 these were held inside the college building, although still independently of the college. From 1872, some professors, particularly <a href="/wiki/Edward_Poynter" title="Edward Poynter">Edward Poynter</a> of the Slade, started to admit women to their classes.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The full opening on the faculties of arts, science and law in 1878 came two years after the admission of women alongside men at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">University of Bristol</a> from its foundation (as <a href="/wiki/University_College_Bristol" class="mw-redirect" title="University College Bristol">University College Bristol</a>) in 1876.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> The first woman to officially enrol in architecture at UCL was <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Leverkus" title="Gertrude Leverkus">Gertrude Leverkus</a> in 1915,<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> although <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Charles" title="Ethel Charles">Ethel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bessie_Charles" title="Bessie Charles">Bessie Charles</a> had been allowed to audit classes in the 1890s.<a href="#cite_note-Ethel_and_Bessie_Charles-45">[45]</a> Women were finally admitted to medical studies during the First World War in 1917, although limitations were placed on their numbers after the war ended.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> A new royal charter granted to the University of London in 1858 effectively removed the affiliation of colleges to the university. Dissatisfaction from the colleges and the desire for a "teaching university" in London led to royal commissions that reported in 1888 and 1892 and the reconstitution of the university under the University of London Act 1898.<a href="#cite_note-UoL_Hist_Rec-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900_to_1976_–_University_of_London,_University_College">1900 to 1976 – University of London, University College</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1900 to 1976 – University of London, University College">edit</a>]</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%">University College London (Transfer) Act 1905</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281901-1952%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="1482" /><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/5_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="5 Edw. 7">5 Edw. 7</a>. c. xci</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 July 1905</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/Edw7/5/91/pdfs/ukla_19050091_en.pdf">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr></tbody></table> Following the University of London's reconstitution in 1909, transforming it from an examining board to a federal university with constituent "schools", UCL, became a school of the University of London. While most of the colleges that became schools of the university retained their autonomy, UCL chose to be merged into the university in 1907 under the University College London (Transfer) Act 1905 (<a href="/wiki/5_Edw._7" class="mw-redirect" title="5 Edw. 7">5 Edw. 7</a>. c. xci) and surrendered its legal independence in return for gaining a greater say in the running of the university.<a href="#cite_note-UoL_Hist_Rec-32">[32]</a> Its formal name became University of London, University College, although for most informal and external purposes the name "University College, London" (or the initialism UCL) was still used. As of 2022,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a> it remains listed as "University of London: University College" on <a href="/wiki/FAFSA" title="FAFSA">US Federal Student Aid</a> applications.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg/220px-The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg/330px-The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg/440px-The_Cruciform_Building_-_geograph.org.uk_-_727084.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>The Cruciform Building, seen from inside the quadrangle of the UCL Main Building</figcaption></figure> 1900 also saw the decision to appoint a salaried head of the college. The first incumbent was <a href="/wiki/Carey_Foster" title="Carey Foster">Carey Foster</a>, who served as <a href="/wiki/Principal_(academia)" title="Principal (academia)">Principal</a> (as the post was originally titled) from 1900 to 1904. He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Foster" title="Gregory Foster">Gregory Foster</a> (no relation), and in 1906 the title was changed to <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a> to avoid confusion with the principal of the University of London. Gregory Foster remained in post until 1929.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Former_Provosts-50">[50]</a> In 1906, the Cruciform Building was opened as the new home for <a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> UCL opened the <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_Memorial_Professor_of_Chemical_Engineering" title="Ramsay Memorial Professor of Chemical Engineering">first department and chair of chemical engineering</a> in the UK, funded by the <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Ramsay</a> Memorial Fund, in 1923.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In 1904, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Francis Galton</a> donated £1,000 to the University of London for a <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a> laboratory; this transferred to UCL in 1907 with <a href="/wiki/Karl_Pearson" title="Karl Pearson">Karl Pearson</a> as its director.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> UCL apologised for its "fundamental role in the development, propagation and legitimisation of eugenics" in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-EugenicsApology-54">[54]</a> In 1911, UCL received an anonymous donation of £30,000 (equivalent to £3,860,000 in 2023) for a building for its <a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett" title="The Bartlett">school of architecture</a>. In 1919 the donor consented to being named as <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Bartlett" title="Herbert Bartlett">Herbert Bartlett</a> and the school was renamed in his honour.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> UCL sustained considerable bomb damage during the Second World War, including the complete destruction of the Great Hall, the Carey Foster Physics Laboratory and the Ramsay Laboratory. Fires gutted the library and destroyed much of the main building, including the dome; it was not until 1954 that the main building was fully restored. The departments were dispersed across the country to <a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth" title="Aberystwyth">Aberystwyth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangor,_Gwynedd" title="Bangor, Gwynedd">Bangor, Gwynedd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rothamsted_Manor" title="Rothamsted Manor">Rothamsted</a> near <a href="/wiki/Harpenden,_Hertfordshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpenden, Hertfordshire">Harpenden, Hertfordshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, with the administration at Stanstead Bury near <a href="/wiki/Ware,_Hertfordshire" title="Ware, Hertfordshire">Ware, Hertfordshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> The first UCL student newspaper, <a href="/wiki/Pi_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pi (magazine)">Pi</a>, was founded in 1946.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Jewish_Studies_at_University_College_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Jewish Studies at University College London">Institute of Jewish Studies</a> relocated from Manchester to UCL in 1959.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Mullard_Space_Science_Laboratory" title="Mullard Space Science Laboratory">Mullard Space Science Laboratory</a> was established in 1967.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In 1973, <a href="/wiki/Peter_T._Kirstein" title="Peter T. Kirstein">Peter Kirstein's</a> research group at UCL became one of only two international nodes on the <a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a>, later becoming part of <a href="/wiki/SATNET" title="SATNET">SATNET</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> UCL's <a href="/wiki/Internetworking" title="Internetworking">interconnection</a> between the ARPANET and early <a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_Kingdom#History" title="Internet in the United Kingdom">British academic networks</a> was the first international heterogeneous <a href="/wiki/Resource_sharing" class="mw-redirect" title="Resource sharing">resource sharing</a> network.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> UCL played a significant role in the very <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">earliest experimental Internet work</a> and adopted <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> in 1982, ahead of the ARPANET.<a href="#cite_note-M._Ziewitz_&_I._Brown-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[note 1]</a> The college's <a href="/wiki/Common_room_(university)" title="Common room (university)">senior common room</a>, the Housman Room, remained men-only until 1969. After two unsuccessful attempts, a motion was passed that ended segregation by sex at UCL. This was achieved by <a href="/wiki/Brian_Woledge" title="Brian Woledge">Brian Woledge</a> (Fielden Professor of French at UCL from 1939 to 1971) and <a href="/wiki/David_Colquhoun" title="David Colquhoun">David Colquhoun</a>, at that time a young lecturer in pharmacology.<a href="#cite_note-Campaigns-67">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1976_to_2005_–_University_College_London">1976 to 2005 – University College London</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1976 to 2005 – University College London">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Portico_and_steps,_University_College,_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="UCL" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg/200px-Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg/300px-Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg/400px-Portico_and_steps%2C_University_College%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_364428.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="497" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Wilkins Building in 1956</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilkins_Building_1,_UCL,_London_-_Diliff.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="UCL" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/200px-Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/300px-Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg/400px-Wilkins_Building_1%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2636" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">2014</div></div></div></div></div> In 1976, a new charter restored UCL's legal independence, although still without the power to award its own degrees.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-68">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> Under this charter the college became formally known as University College London. This name abandoned the comma used in its earlier name of University College, London. In 1993, a reorganisation of the University of London meant that UCL and other colleges gained direct access to government funding and the right to confer University of London degrees themselves. This led to UCL being regarded as a de facto university in its own right.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-UoL_Future-71">[70]</a> Mergers were a major feature of this period of UCL's history. In 1986, the college merged with the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Archaeology" title="UCL Institute of Archaeology">Institute of Archaeology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guard221002-72">[71]</a> In 1988, UCL merged with the Institute of Laryngology & Otology, the Institute of Orthopaedics, the Institute of Urology & Nephrology and <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_Hospital" title="Middlesex Hospital">Middlesex Hospital Medical School</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guard221002-72">[71]</a> Middlesex and University College hospitals, together with the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital and the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, formed the <a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Hospitals_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust">University College London Hospitals NHS Trust</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> Mergers continued in the 1990s, with the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Child_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute of Child Health">Institute of Child Health</a> joining in 1995, the School of Podiatry in 1996<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Neurology" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute of Neurology">Institute of Neurology</a> in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-guard221002-72">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> In 1998, UCL merged with the Royal Free Hospital Medical School to create the Royal Free and University College Medical School (renamed the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Medical_School" title="UCL Medical School">UCL Medical School</a> in October 2008). In 1999, UCL merged with the <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Eastman_Dental_Institute" title="UCL Eastman Dental Institute">Eastman Dental Institute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guard221002-72">[71]</a> Proposals for a merger between UCL and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> were announced in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> The proposal provoked strong opposition from UCL teaching staff and students and the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_University_Teachers" title="Association of University Teachers">AUT union</a>, which criticised "the indecent haste and lack of consultation", leading to its abandonment by UCL provost Sir <a href="/wiki/Derek_Roberts" title="Derek Roberts">Derek Roberts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_2005">From 2005</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: From 2005">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg/220px-The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg/330px-The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg/440px-The_UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a> building, which was opened in 2005</figcaption></figure> UCL was granted its own taught and research degree awarding powers in 2005,<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> and all UCL students registered from 2007/08 qualified with UCL degrees.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> The same year, UCL adopted a new corporate branding under which the name University College London was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Acronym_and_initialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Acronym and initialism">initialism</a> UCL in all external communications.<a href="#cite_note-Baty-83">[82]</a> UCL established the UCL School of Energy & Resources (later <a href="/wiki/UCL_Australia" title="UCL Australia">UCL Australia</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, Australia, in 2008 as the first campus of a British university in the country.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> The school was based in the historic <a href="/wiki/Torrens_Building" title="Torrens Building">Torrens Building</a> in Victoria Square.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> In 2011, the mining company <a href="/wiki/BHP" title="BHP">BHP Billiton</a> agreed to donate AU$10 million to UCL to fund the establishment of two energy institutes – the Energy Policy Institute, based in Adelaide, and the Institute for Sustainable Resources, based in London.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> UCL Australia closed in December 2017, with academic staff and student transferring to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Australia" title="University of South Australia">University of South Australia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> Since 2018, UCL and the University of South Australia have offered joint master's degrees in data science and in energy systems with study in Adelaide and London.<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> In 2011, UCL announced plans for a £500 million investment in its main Bloomsbury campus over 10 years, as well as the establishment of a new campus, <a href="/wiki/UCL_East" title="UCL East">UCL East</a>, next to the Olympic Park in Stratford in the East End of London.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> In 2018, UCL opened UCL at Here East, at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, offering courses jointly between the <a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett" title="The Bartlett">Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Engineering_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Engineering Sciences">Faculty of Engineering Sciences</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Here_East-90">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> The first undergraduate students, on a new Engineering and Architectural Design <a href="/wiki/MEng" class="mw-redirect" title="MEng">MEng</a>, started in September 2018.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> One Pool Street, the first building on the UCL East campus, opened in November 2022. UCL East was officially opened, along with the Marshgate building that completed phase 1 of the development, in September 2023 by Olympic gold medalist and UCL alumna <a href="/wiki/Christine_Ohuruogu" title="Christine Ohuruogu">Christine Ohuruogu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UCL_East_opening-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> UCL continued to grow through mergers with smaller colleges in the University of London. On 1 January 2012 the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Pharmacy,_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Pharmacy, University of London">School of Pharmacy, University of London</a> merged with UCL, becoming the UCL School of Pharmacy within the Faculty of Life Sciences.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> UCL and the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Education">Institute of Education</a> formed a strategic alliance in October 2012,<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> followed by a full merger in December 2014.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon,_University_College_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg/170px-Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg/255px-Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg/340px-Student_Centre_in_the_afternoon%2C_University_College_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="3928" /></a><figcaption>New Student Centre on <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon Street">Gordon Street</a></figcaption></figure> UCL paid tens of thousands of pounds to settle ten sexual harassment claims against staff in the 2017/18 academic year, a rise from four cases the year before. Following pressure from victims, and after physicist <a href="/wiki/Emma_Chapman" title="Emma Chapman">Emma Chapman</a> won the legal right to speak freely about her abuse at the university, UCL announced in 2018 that it would abandon non-disclosure settlements in settlements.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> In 2020, UCL became the first <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a> university to ban romantic and sexual relationships between lecturers and their students.<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> It was discovered in 2018 that an annual eugenics conference, the <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_on_Intelligence" title="London Conference on Intelligence">London Conference on Intelligence</a>, had been held at UCL, as an external paid event, between 2014 and 2017.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> An enquiry found that the organiser, an honorary lecturer, did not correctly follow the room booking procedure, including claiming that no controversial topics would be discussed, leaving the university unaware of the nature of the conference.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> Following the revelation, UCL announced in 2018 that it would launch an enquiry into the university's historical links with eugenics.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> This reported in 2020,<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> but covered only historical eugenics and did not address the 2014–17 conferences, leading to a majority of the authors refusing to sign the final report.<a href="#cite_note-Observer_eugenics-109">[108]</a> The Galton Lecture Theatre, Pearson Lecture Theatre and Pearson Building were all renamed in 2020,<a href="#cite_note-Observer_eugenics-109">[108]</a> and in 2021 UCL apologised for its part in promoting <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a> during the first half of the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-EugenicsApology-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> UCL was criticised (along with Oxford, Imperial and other London universities) in 2021 for accepting money from the Alexander Mosley Charitable Trust, established to hold the fortune left to <a href="/wiki/Max_Mosley" title="Max Mosley">Max Mosley</a> by his father, British fascist leader <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a>. UCL received £500,000 to establish a forensic evidence interpretation laboratory.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> Following the passing of the University of London Act 2018, which allowed member institutions to become universities in their own right while remaining part of the University of London, UCL applied for university status in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> The application was approved by the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> in 2022 and a supplemental charter was sealed on 17 April 2023, granting UCL university status.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus_and_locations">Campus and locations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campus and locations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:282px"><div style="position:relative;width:280px;border:1px solid lightgray"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="University College London is located in Greater London"><img alt="University College London is located in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/280px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/420px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/560px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1140" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.581%;left:46.403%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Bloomsbury" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Bloomsbury</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.599%;left:59.573%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="UCL East" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>UCL East</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:22.631%;left:34.86%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="UCL Observatory" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>UCL Observatory</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.828%;left:58.573%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="UCL School of Management" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div>UCL School of Management</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:1.691%;left:30.824%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="UCL Sports Ground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>UCL Sports Ground</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg" title="File:Greater London UK location map 2.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>UCL campuses (red) and other facilities (blue) within London</div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg/220px-John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg/330px-John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg/440px-John_Locke_by_Richard_Westmacott.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Statue of John Locke by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Westmacott" title="Richard Westmacott">Richard Westmacott</a>, on display in the Main Building.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bloomsbury">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Filming_at_University_College_London" title="Filming at University College London">Filming at University College London</a></div> UCL is primarily based in the <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a> area of the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">Central London</a>. The main campus is located around <a href="/wiki/Gower_Street_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gower Street (London)">Gower Street</a>, with many other departments close by in Bloomsbury.<a href="#cite_note-maps-116">[115]</a> Many health institutes are located close to associated hospitals, including the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Queen_Square_Institute_of_Neurology" title="UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology">UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Hospital_for_Neurology_and_Neurosurgery" title="National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery">National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery</a> in <a href="/wiki/Queen_Square,_London" title="Queen Square, London">Queen Square</a>,<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Great_Ormond_Street_Institute_of_Child_Health" title="UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health">UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_Ormond_Street_Hospital_for_Children" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children">Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children</a>,<a href="#cite_note-maps-116">[115]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Eastman_Dental_Institute" title="UCL Eastman Dental Institute">UCL Eastman Dental Institute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastman_Dental_Hospital" title="Eastman Dental Hospital">Eastman Dental Hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> Historic UCL buildings in Bloomsbury include the grade I listed <a href="/wiki/UCL_Main_Building" title="UCL Main Building">UCL Main Building</a>, including the original Wilkins building designed by <a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(architect)" title="William Wilkins (architect)">William Wilkins</a>,<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> and, directly opposite on Gower Street, the early 20th century grade II listed Cruciform Building, the last major building designed by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Waterhouse" title="Alfred Waterhouse">Alfred Waterhouse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a> Nearby are the grade II listed Kathleen Lonsdale Building, UCL's first purpose-built chemistry laboratory,<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> and the grade II listed Rockefeller Building.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> Elsewhere in Bloomsbury is the 1970s grade II* <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Education_building" title="Institute of Education building">Institute of Education building</a> by <a href="/wiki/Denys_Lasdun" title="Denys Lasdun">Denys Lasdun</a> and Partners.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a> Much of the estate falls within the Bloomsbury <a href="/wiki/Conservation_area_(United_Kingdom)" title="Conservation area (United Kingdom)">Conservation Area</a>, designated in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-125">[124]</a> Important contemporary buildings include the <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies#Building" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies building</a> (<a href="/wiki/RIBA_National_Award" title="RIBA National Award">RIBA Award</a> winner 2006)<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury_Wellcome_Centre_for_Neural_Circuits_and_Behaviour#Building_design" title="Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour">Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour building</a> (<a href="/wiki/LEAF_Award" title="LEAF Award">LEAF Award</a> for best façade design and engineering and overall winner 2016).<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> In August 2024, UCL won a court case to regain control of part of its campus which had been occupied by pro-Gaza protesters since May.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="title"><div>UCL buildings in Bloomsbury</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Wilkins_Building_2,_UCL,_London_-_Diliff_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wilkins Building and Main Quad"><img alt="The UCL main building, in stone with a classical portico topped by a large dome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg/270px-Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-Wilkins_Building_2%2C_UCL%2C_London_-_Diliff_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3606" data-file-height="2456" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wilkins Building and Main Quad</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Rockefeller_Building,_UCL.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Rockefeller Building on University Street, one of UCL's largest premises"><img alt="Red brick building with stone dressing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/180px-Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/270px-Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/360px-Rockefeller_Building%2C_UCL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Rockefeller Building on University Street, one of UCL's largest premises</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building,_UCL.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Kathleen Lonsdale Building on Gower Place, home of UCL's department of earth sciences"><img alt="Classically-styled stone building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/135px-Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/202px-Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg/270px-Kathleen_Lonsdale_Building%2C_UCL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Kathleen Lonsdale Building on Gower Place, home of UCL's department of earth sciences</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:SWC_Building_Image.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour building"><img alt="Modern building with a wavy facade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/SWC_Building_Image.jpg/180px-SWC_Building_Image.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/SWC_Building_Image.jpg/270px-SWC_Building_Image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/SWC_Building_Image.jpg/360px-SWC_Building_Image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour building</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg/220px-View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg/330px-View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg/440px-View_of_UCL_East_from_the_Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>View of UCL East from the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, March 2022. One Pool Street is on the left-hand side of the river and Marshgate is on the right-hand side.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UCL_East">UCL East</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: UCL East">edit</a>]</div> UCL has a second campus, <a href="/wiki/UCL_East" title="UCL East">UCL East</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park" title="Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park">Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park</a> in Stratford, east London. The first building, with three floors of teaching and research space as well as accommodation for 500 students in two towers, opened in 2022, and the second, with eight floors of teaching and research space, opened in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-UCL_East_opening-93">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-TimeOut-129">[128]</a> A further four buildings are planned for construction in the 2030s.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> UCL also operates a campus within <a href="/wiki/Here_East" title="Here East">Here East</a>, the former Olympic park media centre.<a href="#cite_note-Here_East-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sites">Other sites</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other sites">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG/220px-Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG/330px-Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG/440px-Mill_hill_observatory_2009.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1360" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>The UCL Observatory in Mill Hill</figcaption></figure> Elsewhere in Central London are the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Ophthalmology" title="UCL Institute of Ophthalmology">UCL Institute of Ophthalmology</a> adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Moorfields_Eye_Hospital" title="Moorfields Eye Hospital">Moorfields Eye Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Clerkenwell" title="Clerkenwell">Clerkenwell</a>,<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Free_Hospital" title="Royal Free Hospital">Royal Free Hospital</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Whittington_Hospital" title="Whittington Hospital">Whittington Hospital</a> campuses of the UCL Medical School, and a number of other associated teaching hospitals. The <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Management" title="UCL School of Management">UCL School of Management</a> is on levels 38 and 50 (penthouse) of <a href="/wiki/One_Canada_Square" title="One Canada Square">One Canada Square</a> in the financial district of <a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> The <a href="/wiki/UCL_Observatory" title="UCL Observatory">UCL Observatory</a> is in <a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill" title="Mill Hill">Mill Hill</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mullard_Space_Science_Laboratory" title="Mullard Space Science Laboratory">Mullard Space Science Laboratory</a> is based in <a href="/wiki/Holmbury_St_Mary" title="Holmbury St Mary">Holmbury St Mary</a>, Surrey.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> The UCL Athletics Ground is in Shenley, Hertfordshire.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_housing">Student housing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Student housing">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Halls_of_residence_at_University_College_London" title="Halls of residence at University College London">Halls of residence at University College London</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unbridled_facadism,_Caledonian_Road,_N7_(geograph_5265516).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg/220px-Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg/330px-Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg/440px-Unbridled_facadism%2C_Caledonian_Road%2C_N7_%28geograph_5265516%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Facadism" title="Facadism">retained historic facade</a> of New Hall with the student residences one metre behind, many of their windows looking at the brick wall</figcaption></figure> UCL owns 26 halls of residence with around 7,000 student beds.<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a> The university guarantees accommodation to single full-time first-year undergraduate students who have not previously lived in London while studying at a university, and who make a firm acceptance of a place and apply for accommodation by 10 June each year, and to single overseas first-year postgraduates at UCL who have not previously lived in London while studying at a university, and who make a firm acceptance of a place and apply for accommodation by 30 June each year. Accommodation is also guaranteed for students who are under 18 at the start of the academic year and for students who are care-leavers.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a> There is only limited accommodation available in university halls for returning students and others who do not meet the criteria for a guaranteed place.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> UCL students are also eligible, as students of a member institution of the University of London, to apply for places in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London#Student_housing" title="University of London">University of London intercollegiate halls of residence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> In 2013, UCL's newly built New Hall student accommodation building on <a href="/wiki/Caledonian_Road,_London" title="Caledonian Road, London">Caledonian Road</a>, designed by Stephen George and Partners, was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Carbuncle_Cup" title="Carbuncle Cup">Carbuncle Cup</a> and named the country's worst new building by <a href="/wiki/Building_Design" title="Building Design">Building Design</a> magazine, with the comment "this is a building that the jury struggled to see as remotely fit for human occupation". Islington Council had originally turned down planning permission for the building, but this had been overturned on appeal. As it is classified as a hotel or guest house, it was exempt from many of the standards that cover residential buildings, such as having daylight in the rooms.<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> The UCL East development includes 532 student rooms in One Pool Street, which opened in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> Further accommodation will be available in the Marshgate building, expected to open in 2023, and at the second Pool Street site.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_initiatives">Environmental initiatives</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Environmental initiatives">edit</a>]</div> UCL's new Student Centre, which opened in 2019, was designed to be environmentally friendly and was one of only 320 buildings worldwide (at the time) to be certified outstanding by <a href="/wiki/BREEAM" title="BREEAM">BREEAM</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CarbonZero-144">[143]</a> This certification requires innovation throughout the design, engineering and construction process, and places the Student Centre among the top 1% of non-domestic buildings in the UK for sustainability.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> The UCL Student Centre was a finalist at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_Gown_Awards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Green Gown Awards (page does not exist)">Green Gown Awards</a> in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> Also in 2019, UCL launched a Strategy for Sustainable UCL 2019–24, including three initiatives to promote sustainability. The Positive Climate initiative saw UCL pledge to have a 40% reduction in energy usage, all energy to come from renewables, and all UCL buildings to be <a href="/wiki/Carbon_neutral" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon neutral">carbon neutral</a> by 2024, along with achieving <a href="/wiki/Net_zero" class="mw-redirect" title="Net zero">net zero</a> carbon emissions for UCL by 2030.<a href="#cite_note-CarbonZero-144">[143]</a> The Positive Climate initiative was the winner in the "2030 Climate Action" category at the 2020 Green Gown Awards.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> A second initiative, The Loop, promotes <a href="/wiki/Circular_economy" title="Circular economy">circular economy</a>. UCL set a target of reducing waste per person by 20% between 2019 and 2024, while aiming for an 85% recycling rate and the elimination of single-use plastics on campus. The third initiative, Wild Bloomsbury, promotes <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a>. UCL set a target of creating 10,000 m2 (1.0 ha; 2.5 acres) of biodiverse green space on campus by 2024.<a href="#cite_note-CarbonZero-144">[143]</a> The Strategy for a Sustainable UCL was a finalist in the "Sustainable Institution of the Year" category at the 2022 Green Gown Awards.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation_and_administration">Organisation and administration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Organisation and administration">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> The two main bodies in UCL's governance structure are the <a href="/wiki/University_council" title="University council">council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Academic_senate" title="Academic senate">academic board</a>, both of which are established by the royal charter and with powers defined by the statutes.<a href="#cite_note-charter_and_statutes-150">[149]</a> There is also a University Management Committee, which is the executive committee responsible for the day-to-day operations of the institution. This comprises the President and Provost, the vice-presidents, the vice-provosts, the pro-provost of UCL East, the deans of the faculties, the chief financial officer, chief information officer, and chief people officer, the chief of staff, the general consul, the executive director of media and marketing, and the director of media relations.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> The senior leadership team at UCL includes the <a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">visitor</a>, a position in English charity law that oversees the operation of the institution.<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a> That there shall be a visitor of the college is specified by the royal charter, as is that the position is to be held by the <a href="/wiki/Master_of_the_Rolls" title="Master of the Rolls">Master of the Rolls</a>, the second most senior judge in England and Wales.<a href="#cite_note-charter_and_statutes-150">[149]</a> UCL's council comprises 20 members, of whom 11 are members external to UCL; seven are UCL academic staff, including the provost, three UCL professors and three non-professorial staff; and two are UCL students. The chair is appointed by council for a term not normally exceeding five years. The chair is ex officio chair of the honorary degrees and fellowships committee, nominations committee and remuneration and strategy committee.<a href="#cite_note-governance-153">[152]</a> As of April 2023,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a> the chair of the council is international businessman and UCL alumnus Victor Chu.<a href="#cite_note-Chu-2">[2]</a> The academic board plays a role similar to the <a href="/wiki/Academic_senate" title="Academic senate">senate</a> in other institutions. It is the senior academic body responsible for advising council on academic matters and also elects academic members to council. It is, however, a much larger body than the senates at many other universities, including all professors as well as elected representatives of other academic and non-academic staff.<a href="#cite_note-charter_and_statutes-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> UCL's principal academic and administrative officer is the President and Provost, who is also UCL's designated <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students#Accountable_officer" title="Office for Students">accountable officer</a> for reporting to the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> on behalf of UCL.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> The provost is appointed by Council after consultation with the academic board, and is ex officio a member of council and chair of the academic board.<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Spence_(legal_scholar)" title="Michael Spence (legal scholar)">Michael Spence</a> has been president and provost since January 2021, when he succeeded <a href="/wiki/Michael_Arthur_(physician)" title="Michael Arthur (physician)">Michael Arthur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-Spence-158">[157]</a> Vice-provosts are appointed by council on the recommendation of the provost or the academic board, to assist and advise the provost as required. The vice-provosts are members of the provost's senior management team. There are four vice-provosts (for education and student experience; health; research, innovation and global engagement; and faculties).<a href="#cite_note-charter_and_statutes-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-leadership-159">[158]</a> There are also four vice-presidents, who are also members of the senior management team but whose role and manner of appointment is not specified in the statutes, for strategy, external engagement, advancement and operations.<a href="#cite_note-charter_and_statutes-150">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-leadership-159">[158]</a> The deans of UCL's faculties are appointed by the council and are members of the provost's senior management team. The deans' principal duties include advising the provost and vice-provosts on academic strategy, staffing matters and resources for academic departments within their faculty; overseeing curricula and programme management at faculty level; liaising with faculty tutors on undergraduate admissions and student academic matters; overseeing examination matters at faculty level; and co-ordinating faculty views on matters relating to education and information support.<a href="#cite_note-governance-153">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculties_and_departments">Faculties and departments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Faculties and departments">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL_Drayton_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_Drayton_House.jpg/220px-UCL_Drayton_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_Drayton_House.jpg/330px-UCL_Drayton_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_Drayton_House.jpg/440px-UCL_Drayton_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2815" data-file-height="1837" /></a><figcaption>Drayton House, which houses the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Department_of_Economics" title="UCL Department of Economics">Department of Economics</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG/220px-UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG/330px-UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG/440px-UCL_School_of_Pharmacy.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1880" /></a><figcaption>The UCL School of Pharmacy building</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg/220px-UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg/330px-UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg/440px-UCL_Bedford_Way.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Education_building" title="Institute of Education building">Institute of Education building</a>, home to the UCL Institute of Education and the Departments of Geography, Psychology and Language</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Departments_of_University_College_London" title="Category:Departments of University College London">Category:Departments of University College London</a></div> UCL's research and teaching is organised into eleven faculties, each of which contains a number of schools, departments and institutes.<a href="#cite_note-faculties-160">[159]</a> The establishment of faculties and academic departments is formally the responsibility of UCL's council, with advice from the academic board.<a href="#cite_note-AcademicUnits-161">[160]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Faculty statistics 2023<a href="#cite_note-annrev2023-162">[161]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Faculty<a href="#cite_note-faculties-160">[159]</a> </th> <th rowspan="3">Staff </th> <th colspan="3">Students </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Undergraduates </th> <th colspan="2">Postgraduates </th></tr> <tr> <th>Taught </th> <th>Research </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Arts_and_Humanities" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Faculty of Arts and Humanities">Arts and Humanities</a> </th> <td>620 </td> <td>2,684 </td> <td>943 </td> <td>226 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett" title="The Bartlett">Bartlett (Built Environment)</a> </th> <td>1,272 </td> <td>925 </td> <td>2,836 </td> <td>411 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row">Brain Sciences </th> <td>1,725 </td> <td>929 </td> <td>1,961 </td> <td>1,034 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Engineering_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Engineering Sciences">Engineering Sciences</a> </th> <td>667 </td> <td>4,373 </td> <td>2,791 </td> <td>1,122 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Education" title="UCL Institute of Education">IOE</a> (Education and Society) </th> <td>1,318 </td> <td>1,515 </td> <td>3,988 </td> <td>684 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Laws" title="UCL Faculty of Laws">Laws</a> </th> <td>175 </td> <td>844 </td> <td>450 </td> <td>49 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Life_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Life Sciences">Life Sciences</a> </th> <td>964 </td> <td>2,632 </td> <td>1,084 </td> <td>592 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Mathematical_and_Physical_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences">Mathematical and Physical Sciences</a> </th> <td>1,135 </td> <td>3,927 </td> <td>929 </td> <td>680 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row">Medical Sciences </th> <td>1,321 </td> <td>2,356 </td> <td>1,287 </td> <td>430 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row">Population Health Sciences </th> <td>1,578 </td> <td>247 </td> <td>1,365 </td> <td>447 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <th scope="row">Social and Historical Sciences </th> <td>1,101 </td> <td>4,130 </td> <td>2,054 </td> <td>488 </td></tr></tbody></table> There are also two academic units outside the faculty structure:<a href="#cite_note-AcademicUnits-161">[160]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sainsbury_Wellcome_Centre_for_Neural_Circuits_and_Behaviour" title="Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour">Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a> (to join the Arts and Humanities faculty from 2023):<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> 193 staff; 559 undergraduate students; 57 taught postgraduate students; 29 research postgraduate students (2022/23)<a href="#cite_note-annrev2023-162">[161]</a></li></ul> There are additional staff employed outside the faculty structure in the university administration.<a href="#cite_note-annrev2023-162">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finances">Finances</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Finances">edit</a>]</div> In the financial year ended 31 July 2020, UCL had a total income (excluding share of joint ventures) of £1.54 billion (2018/19 – £1.49 billion) and a total expenditure of £1.34 billion (2018/19 – £1.67 billion).<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> Key sources of income included £467.7 million from research grants and contracts (2018/19 – £481.1 million), £613.7 million from tuition fees and education contracts (2018/19 – £564.9 million), £227.9 million from funding body grants (2018/19 – £213.5 million) and £26.6 million from donations and endowments (2018/19 – £40.5 million).<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> At year end UCL had endowments of £143.2 million (31 July 2019 – £138.7 million) and total net assets of £1.49 billion (31 July 2019 – £1.29 million).<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> A report by London Economics in 2022 found that UCL generates around £10 billion annually for the UK economy. The largest contributor to this is through the spread of its research and knowledge, which is worth £4 billion, with another £3 billion being added by the impact of UCL's own spending. Other contributions come from encouraging graduates to create jobs and investment, and from nurturing company spin-offs and start-ups. The report found that in 2018–19, UCL had supported 234 graduate start-ups and 83 spinout companies, with a total turnover of £110 million and employing almost 3,000 people. The report also found that UCL's spending supported 19,000 jobs across the UK, with over 7,000 of these being outside London.<a href="#cite_note-EconomicImpact-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terms">Terms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Terms">edit</a>]</div> The UCL academic year is divided into three terms. For most departments, First Term runs from late September to mid December, Second Term from mid January to late March, and Third Term from late April to mid June, with reading weeks in early November and mid February. Certain courses at the medical school, the faculty of education and society, and the school of pharmacy operate on different terms.<a href="#cite_note-terms-164">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logo_and_colours">Logo and colours</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Logo and colours">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL_old_logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/58/UCL_old_logo.jpg/220px-UCL_old_logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/58/UCL_old_logo.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="348" /></a><figcaption>The old UCL logo, used prior to August 2005</figcaption></figure> While many universities use their logo for most communications and branding and a coat of arms only for specific ceremonial and official use,<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> UCL exclusively uses a logo and has no coat of arms. The present logo was adopted as part of a rebranding exercise in August 2005.<a href="#cite_note-Baty-83">[82]</a> Prior to that date, a different logo was used, in which the letters UCL were incorporated into a stylised representation of the Wilkins Building <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">portico</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> A pseudo-heraldic "UCL crest" – a purple shield depicting a raised bent arm dressed in armour between two gold laurel branches holding a green upturned open wreath, with the college motto on a blue celeste ribbon beneath the laurel branches – can be found on the internet. A version of this badge (not on a shield) appears to have been used by <a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="University College London Union">UCL Union</a> from shortly after its foundation in 1893.<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> However, the badge has never been the subject of an official <a href="/wiki/Grant_of_arms" title="Grant of arms">grant of arms</a>, and departs from several of the rules and conventions of <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldry</a>. It is not an official logo, although modified forms are used by some by sports teams and societies.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> The official Team UCL logo, used (with variants) by many sports teams, uses a shield divided into the colours of purple (lower) and blue celeste (upper), but none of the other elements (laurels, wreaths, armoured arm, motto) are present; the only graphic is a depiction of the UCL portico. Students' Union UCL requests teams not to modify this logo, but this is widely ignored.<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-sports_clubs-170">[169]</a> UCL's motto, "Cuncti adsint meritaeque expectent praemia palmae" is a quotation from <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a>, and translates into English as "Let all come who by merit deserve the most reward".<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> UCL's traditional sporting and academic colours are purple and blue celeste.<a href="#cite_note-colours-6">[6]</a> UCL uses a palette of 25 colours (including the two traditional colours) in its visual identity; the logo can be used in many different combinations of these colours.<a href="#cite_note-colours-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memberships,_affiliations_and_partnerships">Memberships, affiliations and partnerships</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Memberships, affiliations and partnerships">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg/220px-University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg/330px-University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg/440px-University_College_Hospital_-_New_Building_-_London_-_020504.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1171" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption>The main building of <a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a></figcaption></figure> UCL is a member institution of the federal University of London and was one of the two colleges affiliated from the university's founding in 1836 (the other being <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a>).<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> UCL was a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a>, an association of 24 British research universities established in 1994,<a href="#cite_note-the91106-174">[173]</a> and is regarded as forming part of the '<a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">golden triangle</a>', an unofficial term for the research-intensive universities located in the southern English cities of Cambridge, London and Oxford<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> UCL has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities</a> since January 2006.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> UCL is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a>,<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> the <a href="/wiki/European_University_Association" title="European University Association">European University Association</a>,<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> the global U7+ Alliance<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> and the US <a href="/wiki/Universities_Research_Association" title="Universities Research Association">Universities Research Association</a>,<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> and has a major collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>, the Yale UCL Collaborative.<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> It also has partnerships with universities in Australia,<a href="#cite_note-185">[note 2]</a> Canada,<a href="#cite_note-186">[note 3]</a> China,<a href="#cite_note-187">[note 4]</a> India,<a href="#cite_note-188">[note 5]</a> Japan,<a href="#cite_note-189">[note 6]</a> Singapore<a href="#cite_note-190">[note 7]</a> and Thailand.<a href="#cite_note-191">[note 8]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[187]</a> UCL formed the <a href="/wiki/Science_and_Engineering_South" title="Science and Engineering South">Science and Engineering South</a> engineering and physical sciences research alliance with the universities of Cambridge, Oxford, Southampton and Imperial College London in May 2013.<a href="#cite_note-196">[188]</a> It was also one of the founding members of the <a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing_Institute" title="Alan Turing Institute">Alan Turing Institute</a>, the UK's national institute for data sciences and artificial intelligence, in 2015, with the universities of Cambridge, Edinburgh, Oxford and Warwick.<a href="#cite_note-197">[189]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Francis_Crick_Institute_building,_Oct_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg/220px-Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg/330px-Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg/440px-Francis_Crick_Institute_building%2C_Oct_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a> building</figcaption></figure> UCL is a partner in <a href="/wiki/UCLPartners" title="UCLPartners">UCLPartners</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Academic_medical_centre" title="Academic medical centre">academic health science centre</a>, along with multiple NHS trusts, integrated care systems, research and innovation partners, and other universities.<a href="#cite_note-198">[190]</a> UCL is a partner with the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Health_Research" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute for Health Research">National Institute for Health Research</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Hospitals_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust">University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</a> and UCLPartners in the <a href="/wiki/UCLH_Biomedical_Research_Centre" title="UCLH Biomedical Research Centre">UCLH Biomedical Research Centre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-199">[191]</a> UCL is also a university partner of the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a>, a major biomedical research centre in London.<a href="#cite_note-200">[192]</a> UCL offers dual degrees and joint degrees with other universities and institutions, including the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cologne" title="University of Cologne">University of Cologne</a>,<a href="#cite_note-201">[193]</a> <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>,<a href="#cite_note-202">[194]</a> the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a>,<a href="#cite_note-203">[195]</a> Imperial College London (ending 2023)<a href="#cite_note-204">[196]</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-205">[197]</a> UCL is the sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Academy" title="UCL Academy">UCL Academy</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a> in the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">London Borough of Camden</a>. The school opened in September 2012 and was the first in the UK to have a university as sole sponsor.<a href="#cite_note-206">[198]</a> UCL also has a strategic partnership with <a href="/wiki/Newham_Collegiate_Sixth_Form_Centre" title="Newham Collegiate Sixth Form Centre">Newham Collegiate Sixth Form Centre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-207">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_profile">Academic profile</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Academic profile">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_O%27Keefe_(neuroscientist)_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg/220px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg/330px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg/440px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1896" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe_(neuroscientist)" title="John O'Keefe (neuroscientist)">John O'Keefe</a>, UCL neuroscientist and 2014 Nobel laureate for his discovery of <a href="/wiki/Place_cell" title="Place cell">place cells</a></figcaption></figure> In 2021/22, UCL had an income from research grants and contracts of £524.9 million, making up 30% of all revenue. The largest sources of research income were research council grants (£170.4 million) and British charities (£154.4 million). A further £159.3 million of recurrent research funding was allocated to UCL by <a href="/wiki/Research_England" title="Research England">Research England</a>, making up 9% of income.<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> UCL submitted 3,432 staff (3,177 FTEs) across 32 units of assessment (areas of research) to the 2021 <a href="/wiki/Research_Excellence_Framework" title="Research Excellence Framework">Research Excellence Framework</a> (REF) assessment. 58% of submitted research was rated 4* ('world leading'), the sixth highest in the REF, and a further 34% as 3* ('internationally excellent'). Overall, UCL was ranked second for both research power and market share by both Times Higher Education and Research Professional News, and sixth on research quality (GPA) by Times Higher Education. UCL submitted more units of assessment to the 2021 REF than any other university. However, UCL's market share (based on the funding formula) declined from 6.23% following the 2014 REF to 5.34%, despite the overall improvement, reflecting increases in research quality across the sector.<a href="#cite_note-208">[200]</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[203]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Research_centres">Research centres</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Research centres">edit</a>]</div> UCL operates a large number of disciplinary-specific research centres in partnership with other research institutions and private enterprises. Notable examples include: <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/London_Centre_for_Nanotechnology" title="London Centre for Nanotechnology">London Centre for Nanotechnology</a> (LCN) is a multidisciplinary research centre in physical and biomedical nanotechnology based at UCL's campus in Bloomsbury. It is a partnership between UCL, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a> and <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a>.<a href="#cite_note-212">[204]</a> The LCN was established as a joint venture between UCL and Imperial College London in 2003;<a href="#cite_note-213">[205]</a> King's College London joined the LCN in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-214">[206]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_Study_of_the_Legacies_of_British_Slave-ownership" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownership">Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownership</a> was established at UCL with the support of the <a href="/wiki/Hutchins_Center_for_African_and_African_American_Research" title="Hutchins Center for African and African American Research">Hutchins Center for African and African American Research</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. It incorporates two earlier projects: the Legacies of British Slave-ownership project (2009–2012) and the Structure and significance of British Caribbean slave-ownership 1763–1833 project (2013–2015).<a href="#cite_note-215">[207]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Sainsbury_Wellcome_Centre_for_Neural_Circuits_and_Behaviour" title="Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour">Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour</a> (SWC) is a neuroscience research centre established at UCL with funding from the <a href="/wiki/Gatsby_Charitable_Foundation" title="Gatsby Charitable Foundation">Gatsby Charitable Foundation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a> and opened in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-216">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[209]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Publishing_and_commercialisation">Publishing and commercialisation </h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Publishing and commercialisation">edit</a>]</div> In 2020/21, UCL had an income of £7.3 million from intellectual property and £25.2 million from the sale of shares in spin-off companies. As of 2020/21, UCL had the second largest patent portfolio of any UK university (after Oxford) with 2,391 patents. It granted the third largest number of intellectual property licences (after Oxford and the University of East Anglia), with 2,235.<a href="#cite_note-218">[210]</a> <a href="/wiki/UCL_Business" title="UCL Business">UCL Business</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Technology_transfer" title="Technology transfer">technology transfer</a> company which is wholly owned by UCL. It has three main activities: licensing technologies, creating spin-out companies, and project management.<a href="#cite_note-uclbwwd-219">[211]</a> UCL Business supports spin-out companies in areas including discovery disclosure, commercialisation, business plan development, contractual advice, incubation support, recruitment of management teams and identification of investors.<a href="#cite_note-uclbwwd-219">[211]</a> In the area of licensing technoloiges, the company provides commercial, legal and administrative advice to help companies broker licensing agreements.<a href="#cite_note-uclbwwd-219">[211]</a> UCL Business also provides UCL departments and institutes with project management services for single or multi-party collaborative industry projects.<a href="#cite_note-uclbwwd-219">[211]</a> The company transferred £4.8 million of royalty income to UCL in 2021/22.<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> Launched in 2015, UCL Press is a <a href="/wiki/University_press#NUP" title="University press">new university press</a><a href="#cite_note-220">[212]</a> wholly owned by UCL.<a href="#cite_note-uclpr-221">[213]</a> It was the first fully <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> university press in the UK, and publishes monographs, textbooks and other academic books in a wide range of academic areas which are available to download for free, in addition to a number of journals.<a href="#cite_note-uclpr2-222">[214]</a> As of October 2022, UCL Press had had more than 6.5 million downloads of its open access books in 247 countries and territories worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-223">[215]</a> UCL Consultants is an academic consultancy services company which is wholly owned by UCL, which provides four main service offerings: Academic Consultancy, Bespoke Short Courses, Testing & Analysis and Expert Witness.<a href="#cite_note-uclca-224">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-225">[217]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libraries">Libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Libraries">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donaldson_Reading_Room,_UCL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg/220px-Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg/330px-Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg/440px-Donaldson_Reading_Room%2C_UCL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The Donaldson Reading Room, part of UCL's Main Library</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG/220px-IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG/330px-IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG/440px-IOE_Newsam_Library.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4080" data-file-height="2720" /></a><figcaption>The UCL Institute of Education's Newsam Library, the largest education library in Europe</figcaption></figure> The UCL library system comprises 18 libraries located across the Bloomsbury and UCL East campuses.<a href="#cite_note-libsites-226">[218]</a> The libraries contain a total of over 2 million books.<a href="#cite_note-hefcelib-227">[219]</a> The largest library is the UCL Main Library, which is located in the UCL Main Building and contains collections relating to the arts and humanities, economics, history, law and public policy.<a href="#cite_note-libsites-226">[218]</a> The second largest library is the UCL Science Library, which is located in the DMS Watson Building on Malet Place and contains collections relating to anthropology, engineering, geography, life sciences, management and the mathematical and physical sciences.<a href="#cite_note-libsites-226">[218]</a> The Cruciform Hub contains books and periodicals in the subjects of clinical medicine and medical science.<a href="#cite_note-228">[220]</a> It holds the combined collections of the former Boldero and Clinical Sciences libraries which developed within the <a href="/wiki/Middlesex_Hospital" title="Middlesex Hospital">Middlesex Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Free_Hospital" title="Royal Free Hospital">Royal Free</a> & <a href="/wiki/UCL_Medical_School" title="UCL Medical School">University College Medical Schools</a> up until their merger in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-229">[221]</a> Other libraries include the <a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett" title="The Bartlett">UCL Bartlett</a> Library (architecture and town planning), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Eastman_Dental_Institute#Library" title="UCL Eastman Dental Institute">UCL Eastman Dental Institute Library</a> (oral health sciences), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Archaeology" title="UCL Institute of Archaeology">UCL Institute of Archaeology</a> Library (archaeology and egyptology), the UCL Institute of Education's <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Education#Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Education">Newsam Library</a> (education and related areas of social science), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Neurology#Library" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute of Neurology">UCL Institute of Neurology Rockefeller Medical Library</a> (neurosurgery and neuroscience), the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Ophthalmology#Library" title="UCL Institute of Ophthalmology">Joint Moorfields Eye Hospital & the UCL Institute of Ophthalmology Library</a> (biomedicine, medicine, nursing, ophthalmology and visual science), the UCL Language & Speech Science Library (audiology, communication disorders, linguistics & phonetics, special education, speech & language therapy and voice) and the <a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies#Library" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies Library</a> (the economics, geography, history, languages, literature and politics of Eastern Europe).<a href="#cite_note-libsites-226">[218]</a> The newest library is the UCL East Library, currently located in the Learning Hub on the first floor of One Pool Street. Uniquely among UCL libraries, it offers a 'click and collect' service allowing books from any UCL library to be delivered to UCL East rather than having to be picked up from the library that holds them. It is expected to relocate to the new Marshgate building when that opens in September 2023.<a href="#cite_note-230">[222]</a> UCL staff and students have full access to the main libraries of the University of London – the <a href="/wiki/Senate_House_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate House Library">Senate House Library</a> and the libraries of the institutes of the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a> – which are located close to the main UCL campus in Bloomsbury.<a href="#cite_note-231">[223]</a> These libraries contain over 3.7 million books and focus on the arts, humanities and social sciences.<a href="#cite_note-hefcelib-227">[219]</a> The <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a>, which contains around 14 million books, is also located close to the main UCL campus and all UCL students and staff can apply for reference access.<a href="#cite_note-232">[224]</a> UCL's <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> <a href="/wiki/Institutional_repository" title="Institutional repository">institutional repository</a>, UCL Discovery, and <a href="/wiki/UCL_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Press">UCL Press</a>, UCL's open access <a href="/wiki/University_press" title="University press">academic press</a> are managed by UCL Library Services.<a href="#cite_note-233">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Special_collections">Special collections</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Special collections">edit</a>]</div> UCL's Special Collections contains UCL's collection of historical or culturally significant works. It holds over 150,000 rare books, including 179 <a href="/wiki/Incunabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabula">incunabula</a>, as well as over 600 collections of archives and manuscripts. The incunabula include a 1477 edition of Dante's <a href="/wiki/Divine_Comedy" title="Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a>, and a 1493 edition of the <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Chronicle" title="Nuremberg Chronicle">Nuremberg Chronicle</a> donated by Jeremy Bentham.<a href="#cite_note-234">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-235">[227]</a> UCL's most significant works are housed in three strong rooms. The special collection includes first editions of <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Philosophiae_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica">Principia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/On_the_Origin_of_Species" title="On the Origin of Species">On the Origin of Species</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a>.<a href="#cite_note-236">[228]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Museums">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flaxman_Gallery,_UCL.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG/220px-Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG/330px-Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG/440px-Flaxman_Gallery%2C_UCL.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The Flaxman Gallery</figcaption></figure> UCL is responsible for several museums and collections in a wide range of fields across the arts and sciences, including:<a href="#cite_note-237">[229]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology" title="Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology">Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology</a>: Founded in 1892 by a donation from <a href="/wiki/Amelia_Edwards" title="Amelia Edwards">Amelia Edwards</a> of several hundred Egyptian items, the museum now contains around 80,000 items and covers the history of the Nile valley from prehistoric times through to the Islamic period. It is named after <a href="/wiki/William_Flinders_Petrie" class="mw-redirect" title="William Flinders Petrie">William Flinders Petrie</a>, the first Edwards Professor at UCL, who excavated dozens of sites in his career and sold his collection to the college in 1913.<a href="#cite_note-238">[230]</a> The Petrie Museum is a <a href="/wiki/Designation_Scheme" title="Designation Scheme">designated collection</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Arts_Council_England" title="Arts Council England">Arts Council England</a> Designation Scheme for "pre-eminent collections held in museums, libraries and archives across England".<a href="#cite_note-239">[231]</a></li> <li>UCL Art Museum: the art collection originated as a teaching and research collection for the Slade, and contains works by women artists dating back to the 1890s. A series of plaster casts of full-size details of sculptures by <a href="/wiki/John_Flaxman" title="John Flaxman">John Flaxman</a> is located inside the library under the dome of the UCL Main Building.<a href="#cite_note-240">[232]</a> It was announced in 2024 that this would be closed to allow the area to become a flexible event space, with the objects placed in storage until a new gallery could be provided elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-241">[233]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Museum_of_Zoology_and_Comparative_Anatomy" title="Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy">Grant Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy</a>: Established in 1827 by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Edmund_Grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Edmund Grant">Robert Edmund Grant</a>, UCL's first professor of comparative anatomy and zoology, for teaching purposes. Grant bequeathed his collection of 10,000 specimens to UCL upon his death. With other additions, the museum now contains around 68,000 specimens, including <a href="/wiki/Dodo" title="Dodo">dodo</a> bones and a rare <a href="/wiki/Quagga" title="Quagga">quagga</a> skeleton.<a href="#cite_note-242">[234]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reputation_and_rankings">Reputation and rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Reputation and rankings">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">Rankings</a></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">National rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Complete_University_Guide" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Complete</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table-243">[235]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Guardian" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Guardian</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-244">[236]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#The_Times/The_Sunday_Times" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Times / Sunday Times</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-245">[237]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Global rankings</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a> (2024)<a href="#cite_note-Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities-246">[238]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-QS_World_University_Rankings-247">[239]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a> (2025)<a href="#cite_note-THE_World_University_Rankings-248">[240]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL_10_Years.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_10_Years.png/260px-UCL_10_Years.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_10_Years.png/390px-UCL_10_Years.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/UCL_10_Years.png/520px-UCL_10_Years.png 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption>University College London's <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">national league table</a> performance over the past ten years</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>National</dt></dl> UCL is ranked as one of the top ten universities in all three of the main <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">UK university league tables</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table-243">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-244">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-245">[237]</a> These place more emphasis on teaching and student experience than global rankings, using criteria such as teaching quality and learning resources, entry standards, employment prospects, research quality and dropout rates.<a href="#cite_note-249">[241]</a> It went through a dip in rankings in the mid 2010s, particularly in The Guardian University Guide, but returned to that publication's top ten in the 2022 rankings, when its ninth position was its best result since 2014.<a href="#cite_note-250">[242]</a> In the 2023 Complete University Guide subject tables, UCL was ranked in the top ten in 34 subjects out of 42 offered (81%). It was ranked top for American studies, linguistics, speech and language therapy, and building.<a href="#cite_note-251">[243]</a> In the 2023 Guardian University Guide subject tables, UCL is ranked top in construction, surveying and planning. It was ranked in the top ten for 21 of 31 subjects offered (68%).<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian_University_Guide-244">[236]</a> UCL is ranked top in the 2023 Times/Sunday Times Good University Guide for American studies, building, information systems and management, liberal arts, and town and country planning. It is ranked in the top ten for 31 of 44 subjects offered (70%). The 2023 Good University Guide also ranked UCL 98th in their social inclusion ranking (covering England and Wales). UCL was named <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Times_University_of_the_Year" title="Sunday Times University of the Year">University of the Year</a> in the Times/Sunday Times Good University Guide for 2024.<a href="#cite_note-The_Times_and_Sunday_Times_University_Guide-245">[237]</a> Analysis by the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Education" title="Department for Education">Department for Education</a> in 2018, found that UCL had an impact on earnings of graduates five years after graduation of +15.5% for women (7th highest impact) and +16.2% for men (10th highest impact) compared to average graduates with similar background characteristics (prior attainment, socio-economic status, etc.) and subject choice.<a href="#cite_note-252">[244]</a> <dl><dt>Global</dt></dl> UCL has been consistently ranked in the top 25 of the three major global rankings published over 2013 to 2022, including being in the top ten of the <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a> over the whole of that period.<a href="#cite_note-ARWUhistoric-253">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-QS_UCL-254">[246]</a><a href="#cite_note-THE_UCL-255">[247]</a> In the 2024 <a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">Academic Ranking of World Universities</a>, UCL was ranked 16th in the world,<a href="#cite_note-256">[248]</a> having been placed between 15th and 21st in the rankings from 2013 to 2024.<a href="#cite_note-ARWUhistoric-253">[245]</a> In the 2023 <a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS World University Rankings</a> (published 2022), UCL was ranked 8th in the world.<a href="#cite_note-QS_World_University_Rankings-247">[239]</a> It has ranked between 4th and 10th in the 2014 to 2024 league tables.<a href="#cite_note-QS_UCL-254">[246]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">Times Higher Education World University Rankings</a> 2023 (published 2022), UCL was ranked 22nd in the world,<a href="#cite_note-THE_World_University_Rankings-248">[240]</a> having ranked between 14th and 22nd in the 2014 to 2023 tables.<a href="#cite_note-THE_UCL-255">[247]</a> In the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings 2022, UCL was ranked 25th, while in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings 2022 it was ranked 101–200.<a href="#cite_note-THE_UCL-255">[247]</a> In the 2024–2025 USNWR's Best Global Universities, UCL was ranked joint 7th in the world.<a href="#cite_note-257">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Admissions">Admissions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Admissions">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center;"> <caption>UCAS admission statistics (2022) </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2">Main scheme applications<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_EoC_2022-258">[250]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Applications </td> <td>74,775 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Accepted applicants </td> <td>7,420 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Applications/accepted ratio </td> <td>10.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">UK applicants, June deadline<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_reports_2022-259">[251]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Applications </td> <td>31,285 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Offer rate (%) </td> <td>29.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Offers </td> <td>9,700 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Placed applicants </td> <td>3,175 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Placed applicants/offers (%) </td> <td>32.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Summary statistics </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total accepted applicants<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_EoC_2022-258">[250]</a> </td> <td>7,530 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UCAS_Tariff" title="UCAS Tariff">Average Entry Tariff</a> (2020)<a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table_2023-260">[252]</a> </td> <td>189 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bentham_House,_UCL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg/220px-Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg/330px-Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg/440px-Bentham_House%2C_UCL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2680" data-file-height="1886" /></a><figcaption>Bentham House, the main building of the <a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Laws" title="UCL Faculty of Laws">UCL Faculty of Laws</a></figcaption></figure> Admission to UCL is highly selective with an average entry tariff for 2020–21 of 189 <a href="/wiki/UCAS_points" class="mw-redirect" title="UCAS points">UCAS points</a> (approximately equivalent to AAAB at <a href="/wiki/GCE_Advanced_Level_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="GCE Advanced Level (United Kingdom)">A-level</a>), the 9th highest in the country.<a href="#cite_note-Complete_League_Table_2023-260">[252]</a> According to a <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Freedom of information in the United Kingdom">Freedom of Information</a> request response, UCL's offer rate for 2021 admission was 36.1% at undergraduate level and 23.5% at postgraduate level across all applicants.<a href="#cite_note-261">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-262">[note 9]</a> International students have made up the majority of main-scheme applicants to UCL since 2015 and the majority of acceptances since 2017. The ratio of main-scheme applicants to acceptances in 2022 was 10.3 for UK applicants and 9.9 for international applicants.<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_EoC_2022-258">[250]</a> Within the UK, UCL is a local recruiter,<a href="#cite_note-263">[254]</a> with 47.4% of 2022 UK admissions coming from the London region and a further 28.1% from the adjacent East of England and South East regions.<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_EoC_2022-258">[250]</a> Of UCL's young UK domiciled undergraduates, 32.7% were <a href="/wiki/Independent_school_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent school (United Kingdom)">privately educated</a> in 2019–20, the eighth highest proportion amongst mainstream British universities.<a href="#cite_note-264">[255]</a> Undergraduate law applicants are required to take the <a href="/wiki/National_Admissions_Test_for_Law" title="National Admissions Test for Law">National Admissions Test for Law</a><a href="#cite_note-applications-265">[256]</a> and undergraduate medical applicants are required to take the <a href="/wiki/BioMedical_Admissions_Test" title="BioMedical Admissions Test">BioMedical Admissions Test</a>.<a href="#cite_note-applications-265">[256]</a> Applicants for European Social and Political Studies are required to take the <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Skills_Assessment" title="Thinking Skills Assessment">Thinking Skills Assessment</a> (TSA) should they be selected for an assessment day.<a href="#cite_note-applications-265">[256]</a> Medicine, pharmacy and English also interview undergraduate applicants prior to making an offer of admission.<a href="#cite_note-applications-265">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Widening_access">Widening access</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Widening access">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:85%; text-align:right;"> <caption class="nowrap">Undergraduate admissions (2020/21): <a href="/wiki/Economic_diversity" title="Economic diversity">widening participation indicators</a><a href="#cite_note-HESA_Widening_Participation-266">[257]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">Independent school</a> </td> <td align="right">32.4% </td> <td align="left">32.4<div style="width:64.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orange"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">Benchmark </td> <td align="right">25.5% </td> <td align="left">25.5<div style="width:51px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orangered"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Low participation areas </td> <td align="right">4.3% </td> <td align="left">4.3<div style="width:8.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:violet"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">Benchmark </td> <td align="right">4.0% </td> <td align="left">4<div style="width:8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:darkviolet"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> UCL runs a contextual offer scheme called Access UCL, whereby eligible applicants can receive conditional offers for courses at UCL that have lower requirements than the standard conditional offers for those courses. Eligibility for Access UCL can be through an applicant living in a deprived areas or an area with low participation in higher education, through having spent time in care, though being a young adult carer, or through being estranged from their family. Except for applicants that have spent time in care, the scheme requires applicants to have attended a state school. Mature applicants are assessed on the same criteria, and are additionally not eligible if they have completed or are on the final year of an undergraduate degree. While the scheme enables applicants from disadvantaged backgrounds to receive contextual offers, it does not guarantee that an offer will be made.<a href="#cite_note-267">[258]</a> Contextual offers vary by course. For example, a contextual offer for the law LLB reduces the requirement from A*AA to BBB at <a href="/wiki/A_level" class="mw-redirect" title="A level">A level</a>,<a href="#cite_note-268">[259]</a> but for the physics MSci from A*AA to AAB.<a href="#cite_note-269">[260]</a> UCL also runs week-long UCL Summer Schools for high-achieving students from disadvantaged backgrounds in partnership with the <a href="/wiki/Sutton_Trust" title="Sutton Trust">Sutton Trust</a>. These give participants the opportunity to explore London, to develop skills in their chosen subject, to improve their university applications through personal statement workshops and talks by admissions tutors, and to take part in social activities.<a href="#cite_note-270">[261]</a> From the 2023/24 academic year, UCL will be launching an engineering <a href="/wiki/Foundation_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation year">foundation year</a> based at UCL East for students who do not meet the standard entry requirements, who attended UK state schools for <a href="/wiki/A_level" class="mw-redirect" title="A level">A levels</a> or equivalent (unless refugees), and who live in an area with high levels of at least one axis of deprivation.<a href="#cite_note-271">[262]</a> For international students who do not meet the requirements for admission to the college, it runs intensive one-year <a href="/wiki/Foundation_programme" title="Foundation programme">foundation courses</a>, called Undergraduate Preparatory Certificates, in either sciences or humanities.<a href="#cite_note-272">[263]</a> For UK domiciled young full-time undergraduate entrants in 2020/21, 67.6% came from state schools, significantly below the location-adjusted benchmark of 74.5%, and 4.3% came from low participation neighbourhoods, not significantly different from the location-adjusted benchmark of 4.0%.<a href="#cite_note-HESA_Widening_Participation-266">[257]</a> For UK-domiciled undergraduate entrants in 2022/23, UCAS data shows no significant difference in offer rate with ethnicity or gender.<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_reports_2022-259">[251]</a> Applicants from the 20% of neighbourhoods with the lowest rates of participation in higher education receive offers at a rate 4.9% higher than would be expected based on their subject choice and predicted grades alone, a statistically significant difference, accounting for 6.3% of all offers. The offer rate for applicants from the 20% of neighbourhoods with the lowest rates of participation in higher education is not significantly different from that expected, with applicants from those neighbourhoods accounting for 48.9% of all offers.<a href="#cite_note-UCAS_reports_2022-259">[251]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Student life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Students'_union">Students' union</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Students' union">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_College_London_Union.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/University_College_London_Union.jpg/170px-University_College_London_Union.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/University_College_London_Union.jpg/255px-University_College_London_Union.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/University_College_London_Union.jpg/340px-University_College_London_Union.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1957" data-file-height="2990" /></a><figcaption>Students' union building on Gordon Street</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Students%27_Union_UCL" title="Students' Union UCL">Students' Union UCL</a></div> Founded in 1893, Students' Union UCL, formerly the UCL Union, is one of the oldest students' unions in England, although postdating the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Guild_of_Students" title="Liverpool Guild of Students">Liverpool Guild of Students</a> which formed a student representative council in 1892.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-68">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-LGoS-273">[264]</a> Students' Union UCL operates both as the representative voice for UCL students, and as a provider of a wide range of services. It is democratically controlled through General Meetings and referendums, and is run by elected student officers. The union also supports a range of services, including numerous clubs and societies, sports facilities, an advice service, and a number of bars, cafes and shops.<a href="#cite_note-274">[265]</a> As of 2021,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a> there are over 250 clubs and societies under the umbrella of the UCL Union.<a href="#cite_note-275">[266]</a> These include: UCL Snowsports (one of the largest sports society at UCL, responsible for organising the annual UCL ski trip),<a href="#cite_note-276">[267]</a> <a href="/wiki/UCL_Pi_Media" title="UCL Pi Media">Pi Media</a> (responsible for Pi Magazine and Pi Newspaper, UCL's official student publications),<a href="#cite_note-277">[268]</a> the Debating Society (established 1829),<a href="#cite_note-278">[269]</a> and the UCL Union Film Society, with past members including <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-279">[270]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faith">Faith</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Faith">edit</a>]</div> From its foundation the college has been deliberately secular; the initial justification for this was that it would enable students of different Christian traditions (specifically <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a>) to study alongside each other without conflict.<a href="#cite_note-280">[271]</a> In order to cater to people of all faiths, UCL opened a prayer room (with attached ablution facilities) and a silent meditation room in the student centre in February 2019, and there is a quiet contemplation room behind 16–26 Gordon Square. There is also a Christian chaplain (who also serves as interfaith advisor) and there are student societies for most major religions.<a href="#cite_note-281">[272]</a><a href="#cite_note-282">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sport">edit</a>]</div> The union runs over 70 sports clubs,<a href="#cite_note-283">[274]</a> including the UCL Cricket Club (Men's and Women's), <a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Boat_Club" title="University College London Boat Club">UCL Boat Club</a> (Men's and Women's clubs), UCL Running, Athletics and Cross Country Club, and UCL Rugby Club (Men's and Women's), as well as <a href="/wiki/UCL_Medical_School#Student_societies" title="UCL Medical School">RUMS sports clubs</a> for medical students (from Royal Free, University College and Middlesex, the three medical schools that merged into UCL).<a href="#cite_note-sports_clubs-170">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[275]</a> UCL clubs compete in inter-university fixtures in the <a href="/wiki/British_Universities_and_Colleges_Sport" title="British Universities and Colleges Sport">British Universities and Colleges Sport</a> (BUCS) competition in a range of sports, including athletics, basketball, cricket, fencing, football, hockey, netball, rugby union and tennis. In the 2021/22 season, UCL finished in 16th position in the final BUCS rankings.<a href="#cite_note-285">[276]</a> UCL sports facilities include a fitness centre at the main UCL campus in Bloomsbury and a 90-acre (36 ha) athletics ground in <a href="/wiki/Shenley" title="Shenley">Shenley</a>, Hertfordshire,<a href="#cite_note-286">[277]</a> part of which is used as the <a href="/wiki/Watford_Football_Club_Training_Ground" title="Watford Football Club Training Ground">Watford Football Club Training Ground</a>.<a href="#cite_note-287">[278]</a> It also exercises effective control over <a href="/wiki/Somers_Town,_London" title="Somers Town, London">Somers Town</a> Community Sports Centre, with the power to appoint five of the nine trustees.<a href="#cite_note-finstat-1">[1]</a> The sports centre includes a six-court sports hall,<a href="#cite_note-288">[279]</a> as well as an activity/dance studio and an all-weather outdoor multi-use games area.<a href="#cite_note-289">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-291">[282]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mascot">Mascot</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Mascot">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg/50px-Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg/75px-Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg/100px-Pencil_etching_of_Phineas_Maclino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="622" /></a><figcaption>Pencil signed etching of Phineas Maclino</figcaption></figure> The UCL mascot was Phineas MacLino, or Phineas, a wooden tobacconist's sign of a kilted Jacobite Highlander stolen from outside a shop in <a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road" title="Tottenham Court Road">Tottenham Court Road</a> during the celebrations of the <a href="/wiki/Relief_of_Ladysmith" title="Relief of Ladysmith">relief of Ladysmith</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a>, in March 1900.<a href="#cite_note-292">[283]</a> In 1922, Phineas was stolen by students from King's, marking the start of 'mascotry', leading to an hour-long battle and the eventual return of Phineas.<a href="#cite_note-Mascotry_is_born-293">[284]</a> In 1993, the students' union's centenary year, Phineas was placed in the third floor bar of 25 Gordon Street and the bar named after him.<a href="#cite_note-294">[285]</a> In 2019, the students' union voted to remove the mascot from the bar due to its links to imperialism and British colonialism.<a href="#cite_note-295">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[287]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_with_King's_College_London">Rivalry with King's College London</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Rivalry with King's College London">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/220px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/330px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg/440px-UCL-KCL_Varsity_Rugby_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>A UCL player attacks in his team's 2014 Varsity victory. UCL's traditional rivalry with King's College is nowadays most noticeable at the annual <a href="/wiki/The_London_Varsity" title="The London Varsity">varsity rugby game</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London%E2%80%93UCL_rivalry" title="King's College London–UCL rivalry">King's College London–UCL rivalry</a></div> UCL has a long-running, mostly friendly rivalry with <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a>, but there were frequent clashes in the interwar period which have historically been known as "rags".<a href="#cite_note-297">[288]</a> UCL students have been referred to by students from King's as the "Godless Scum of Gower Street", in reference to a comment made at the founding of King's, which was based on Christian principles. UCL students in turn referred to King's as "Strand Polytechnic".<a href="#cite_note-298">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[290]</a> In 1922 Phineas, the UCL mascot was kidnapped by King's students, leading to a pitched battle in the King's College quad as UCL students recovered their mascot.<a href="#cite_note-300">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-301">[292]</a> Shortly after this, King's adopted their own mascot – initially a large papier-mâché beer bottle, soon replaced by <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Students%27_Union#Mascot" title="King's College London Students' Union">Reggie the Lion</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mascotry_is_born-293">[284]</a> During the 1927 rag, Reggie was captured by UCL students and his body filled with rotten apples. During the same year, an attempt by King's students to capture Phineas led to the "Battle of Gower Street", caught on camera by <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9_News" title="Pathé News">British Pathé</a>.<a href="#cite_note-302">[293]</a> On another occasion, Reggie was castrated by UCL students.<a href="#cite_note-303">[294]</a> King's students stole the embalmed head of <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Jeremy Bentham</a> in October 1975, only returning it after UCL paid a ransom to charity. The head is now kept in the UCL vaults.<a href="#cite_note-304">[295]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_campaigns">Student campaigns</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Student campaigns">edit</a>]</div> In 1956, UCL students organised a silent march progressing against the Soviet oppression of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</a>. Around 1,300 students from across institutions in London matches from the Royal Albert Hall to the Soviet Embassy. There were active <a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament" title="Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament">Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-Apartheid_Movement" title="Anti-Apartheid Movement">anti-apartheid</a> students groups at UCL in the 1960s and a pioneering GaySoc group that helped drive the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Students_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Union of Students (United Kingdom)">National Union of Students</a> gay rights campaign in the 1970s. 1977 saw a student occupation of administrative offices and the Slade School in protest against government cuts to higher education.<a href="#cite_note-Campaigns-67">[66]</a> In 2010, protests by students and staff led UCL to promise to pay a <a href="/wiki/Living_wage" title="Living wage">living wage</a> to all UCL staff.<a href="#cite_note-305">[296]</a> As part of the <a href="/wiki/2010_UK_student_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 UK student protests">protests against the UK government's plans to increase student fees</a>, around 200 students occupied the Jeremy Bentham Room and part of the <a href="/wiki/Slade_School_of_Fine_Art" title="Slade School of Fine Art">Slade School of Fine Art</a> for over two weeks during November and December 2010.<a href="#cite_note-students_stage_day_of_protests-306">[297]</a><a href="#cite_note-uclprotest-307">[298]</a> The university successfully obtained a court order to evict the students but stated that it did not intend to enforce the order if possible.<a href="#cite_note-uclprotest-307">[298]</a> The late 2010s saw student campaigns around the cost of university-run accommodation. In 2016, over 1000 students took part in a <a href="/wiki/Rent_strike" title="Rent strike">rent strike</a> in protest against high rents and poor conditions. Organisers said they had won over £1 million in rent cuts, freezes and grants from UCL in the settlement that ended the strike.<a href="#cite_note-308">[299]</a> Another rent strike in 2017 lead to UCL pledging around £1.4 million in bursaries and rent freezes, mostly in the form of accommodation bursaries for less well-off students totalling £600,000 per year for the 2017/18 and 2018/19 academic years.<a href="#cite_note-Strike2017-309">[300]</a> Another rent strike was held at two halls of residence in the third term of the 2017/18 academic year due to complaints over conditions at those halls.<a href="#cite_note-310">[301]</a> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/Aliza_Ayaz" title="Aliza Ayaz">Aliza Ayaz</a>, then a first year student founded the university’s first environment student campaign by setting up the Climate Action Society.<a href="#cite_note-311">[302]</a> The student society led pressure on the university to divest from fossil fuels and make the announcement publicly.<a href="#cite_note-312">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-313">[304]</a> In 2024, students protesting against the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel-Hamas war</a> set up an <a href="/wiki/Occupation_(protest)" title="Occupation (protest)">encampment</a> in the campus, emulating the <a href="/wiki/2024_pro-Palestinian_protests_on_university_campuses" title="2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses">2024 pro-Palestinian protests</a> that took place across universities in the United States. The UCL encampment followed similar movements by students in other UK universities, such as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">University of Leeds</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">University of Bristol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-314">[305]</a><a href="#cite_note-315">[306]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_body">Student body</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Student body">edit</a>]</div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:lightcoral; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 272.37868371332px; border-left-color:darkred"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:darkred"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:darkred"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 92.7307768331px; border-left-color:lightblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:lightblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:lightblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:91.0105970685px 41.437558099328px 0 0; border-top-color:darkblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:darkblue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:5.0244318179769px 99.873695660602px 0 0; border-top-color:lightgreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:lightgreen"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:0.443803539692px; border-width:0 0 99.556196460308px 9.4108313318514px; border-bottom-color:darkgreen"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> UCL student body 2021/22 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  UK undergrad (23.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Int undergrad (27.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  UK taught postgrad (17.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Int taught postgrad (18.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  UK research postgrad (7.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  Int research postgrad (5.6%)</div> </div> </div></div> <table class="wikitable floatright collapsible mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:85%; text-align:right;"> <caption class="nowrap">Student body composition (2021/22)<a href="#cite_note-hesa-316">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-hesa_where_from-317">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-hesa_ethnicity-318">[309]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Domicile and ethnicity<a href="#cite_note-319">[note 10]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>British – white </td> <td align="right">25.6% </td> <td align="left">25.6<div style="width:51.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gold"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British – Asian </td> <td align="right">12.8% </td> <td align="left">12.8<div style="width:25.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:firebrick"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British – Black </td> <td align="right">3.1% </td> <td align="left">3.1<div style="width:6.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:goldenrod"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British – mixed heritage </td> <td align="right">3.7% </td> <td align="left">3.7<div style="width:7.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>British – other/unknown </td> <td align="right">3.2% </td> <td align="left">3.2<div style="width:6.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:darkgoldenrod"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>International – <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> </td> <td align="right">9.4% </td> <td align="left">9.4<div style="width:18.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>International – <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td align="right">23.0% </td> <td align="left">23<div style="width:46px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:dodgerblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>International – rest of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> </td> <td align="right">10.7% </td> <td align="left">10.7<div style="width:21.4px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:turquoise"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>International – rest of the world </td> <td align="right">8.4% </td> <td align="left">8.4<div style="width:16.8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:cyan"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Gender </th></tr> <tr> <td>Female </td> <td align="right">60.8% </td> <td align="left">60.8<div style="width:121.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Male </td> <td align="right">39.1% </td> <td align="left">39.1<div style="width:78.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:blue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other </td> <td align="right">0.1% </td> <td align="left">0.1<div style="width:0.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Age </th></tr> <tr> <td>30 and over </td> <td align="right">12.1% </td> <td align="left">12.1<div style="width:24.2px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25–29 </td> <td align="right">13.8% </td> <td align="left">13.8<div style="width:27.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21–24 </td> <td align="right">34.8% </td> <td align="left">34.8<div style="width:69.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 and under </td> <td align="right">39.3% </td> <td align="left">39.3<div style="width:78.6px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> In the 2021/22 academic year, UCL had a total of 46,830 students, of whom 23,800 were undergraduates (11,000 UK, 12,800 international), 16,910 were taught postgraduates (8,160 UK, 8,745 international) and 6,120 were research postgraduates (3,520 UK, 2,600 international).<a href="#cite_note-hesa-316">[307]</a> In that year, UCL had the <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">second-largest total number of students of any university in the United Kingdom</a> (after the Open University) and the largest number of postgraduate students; however, in terms of UK undergraduates it was 68th by size.<a href="#cite_note-hesa-316">[307]</a> It had been the UK university with the highest number of international students every year since 2014/15.<a href="#cite_note-320">[310]</a> In 2021/22, 87% of UCL's students were full-time and 13% part-time,<a href="#cite_note-hesa-316">[307]</a> although among undergraduates only 3% were part-time. The student body was split 60.8% female, 39.1% male and 0.1% other gender identity.<a href="#cite_note-hesa-316">[307]</a> 24,145 UCL students (52%) were from outside the UK, of whom 15,795 were from Asia, 4,400 from the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, 1,440 from <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, 890 from elsewhere in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, 790 from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, 370 from <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, 310 from South America, and 155 from Australasia; 45% of overseas students at UCL – 10,785 – came from China.<a href="#cite_note-hesa_where_from-317">[308]</a> Additionally, UCL had 895 students studying wholly overseas in 2021/22 (10 undergraduate, 785 taught postgraduate and 80 research postgraduate) that are not included in the count of the student population.<a href="#cite_note-321">[311]</a> For UK domiciled students, UCL's student body in 2021/22 was 52.9% white, 26.4% Asian, 7.6% mixed, 6.4% black and 4.6% other, compared to an average across London institutions of 47.8% white, 22.2% Asian, 6.7% mixed, 15.5% black and 4.9% other. Over the whole student body, 12.5% had a known disability, compared to 15.8% across all institutions.<a href="#cite_note-hesa_ethnicity-318">[309]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diversity">Diversity</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Diversity">edit</a>]</div> UCL holds an institutional silver <a href="/wiki/Athena_SWAN" title="Athena SWAN">Athena SWAN</a> award. It gained its first institutional award (bronze) in 2006 and was promoted to silver in 2015. As of November 2021,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit">[update]</a> 21 departments across UCL hold bronze awards, 17 hold silver awards and three hold gold awards.<a href="#cite_note-322">[312]</a> UCL also holds an institutional bronze Race Equality Charter award, which it first gained in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-323">[313]</a> UCL was formerly a member of <a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(charity)#Diversity_Champions_and_workplace_equality_index" title="Stonewall (charity)">Stonewall Diversity Champions</a> scheme, promoting LGBT+ equality. It left in February 2020 as a cost-cutting measure and then controversially decided in late 2021 not to rejoin, against the advice of its equality diversity and inclusion committee, following a vote of the academic board that expressed fears that membership of the scheme could inhibit academic freedom. The decision not to rejoin was strongly opposed by staff and student LGBT+ groups at UCL and by the students' union.<a href="#cite_note-324">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-325">[315]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_University_College_London" title="List of people associated with University College London">List of people associated with University College London</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_University_College_London_in_the_Law" title="List of people associated with University College London in the Law">List of people associated with University College London in the Law</a>, <a href="/wiki/School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies#Notable_alumni_and_staff" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies § Notable alumni and staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett#Notable_alumni" title="The Bartlett">The Bartlett § Notable alumni</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Slade_School_of_Fine_Art#Notable_alumni" title="Slade School of Fine Art">Slade School of Fine Art § Notable alumni</a></div> UCL alumni include <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> (co-discoverer of the structure of <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>),<a href="#cite_note-Crick-326">[316]</a> <a href="/wiki/Farrer_Herschell,_1st_Baron_Herschell" title="Farrer Herschell, 1st Baron Herschell">Lord Herschell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a> of Great Britain),<a href="#cite_note-327">[317]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_Jevons" title="William Stanley Jevons">William Stanley Jevons</a> (an early pioneer of modern economics),<a href="#cite_note-Jevons-328">[318]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a> ("Godfather of <a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">broadband</a>"),<a href="#cite_note-Kao-329">[319]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta" title="Jomo Kenyatta">Jomo Kenyatta</a> (considered the <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_Nation" title="Father of the Nation">"Founding Father"</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>)<a href="#cite_note-330">[320]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a> (pioneer in the use of antiseptics in surgery).<a href="#cite_note-331">[321]</a> Notable former staff include <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Hugh Gaitskell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Labour Party (UK)">leader of the Labour Party</a> 1955–63),<a href="#cite_note-332">[322]</a> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> (pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_chemistry" title="Nuclear chemistry">nuclear chemistry</a>, discoverer of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fusion" title="Nuclear fusion">nuclear fusion</a> and Nobel laureate),<a href="#cite_note-Nobel-333">[323]</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a> (proposer of the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_mechanism" title="Higgs mechanism">Higgs mechanism</a>, which predicted the existence of the <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a>, and Nobel laureate),<a href="#cite_note-Nobel-333">[323]</a> <a href="/wiki/A._E._Housman" title="A. E. Housman">A. E. Housman</a> (classical scholar and poet, who wrote <a href="/wiki/A_Shropshire_Lad" title="A Shropshire Lad">A Shropshire Lad</a> while a professor at UCL),<a href="#cite_note-334">[324]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Sir William Ramsay</a> (discoverer of all of the naturally occurring noble gases)<a href="#cite_note-335">[325]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Roth" title="Klaus Roth">Klaus Roth</a> (mathematician and <a href="/wiki/Field%27s_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Field's Medal">Field's Medal</a> winner).<a href="#cite_note-336">[326]</a> Nobel Prizes have been awarded to 32 UCL academics (including visiting academics) and alumni (16 in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a>, eight in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Chemistry</a>, six in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Physics</a> and one each in <a href="/wiki/Nobel_prize_in_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel prize in Literature">Literature</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Economic Sciences</a>) as well as three <a href="/wiki/Fields_Medal" title="Fields Medal">Fields Medals</a> in Mathematics.<a href="#cite_note-Nobel-333">[323]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fields-18">[18]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 111.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 109.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Francis_Crick_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francis Crick"><img alt="Francis Crick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/164px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/246px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/328px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2035" data-file-height="2236" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86.666666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Picture_of_jevons.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Stanley Jevons"><img alt="William Stanley Jevons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Picture_of_jevons.jpg/130px-Picture_of_jevons.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Picture_of_jevons.jpg/194px-Picture_of_jevons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Picture_of_jevons.jpg/259px-Picture_of_jevons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="555" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_Jevons" title="William Stanley Jevons">William Stanley Jevons</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Lister_Joseph.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph Lister"><img alt="Joseph Lister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/135px-Lister_Joseph.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/202px-Lister_Joseph.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lister_Joseph.jpg/270px-Lister_Joseph.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lister,_1st_Baron_Lister" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister">Joseph Lister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 86.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 84.666666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Hahn_(Nobel).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Otto Hahn"><img alt="Otto Hahn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/127px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/191px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg/255px-Otto_Hahn_%28Nobel%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="475" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peter Higgs"><img alt="Peter Higgs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg/180px-Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg/270px-Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg/360px-Nobel_Prize_24_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="3393" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Peter Higgs</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles K. Kao"><img alt="Charles K. Kao" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg/153px-Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg/230px-Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg/306px-Charles_K._Kao_cropped_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2350" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 85.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 83.333333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jomo Kenyatta"><img alt="Jomo Kenyatta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg/125px-Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg/188px-Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg/251px-Jomo_Kenyatta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="366" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta" title="Jomo Kenyatta">Jomo Kenyatta</a></div> </li> </ul> In the 19th century UCL operated as a college, with many students taking individual lecture courses rather than studying for degrees.<a href="#cite_note-337">[327]</a> These included well-known alumni such as <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>, who took English classes with <a href="/wiki/Henry_Morley" title="Henry Morley">Henry Morley</a> in 1888–89,<a href="#cite_note-338">[328]</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">John Stuart Mill</a>, who attended lectures on jurisprudence by <a href="/wiki/John_Austin_(legal_philosopher)" title="John Austin (legal philosopher)">John Austin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-339">[329]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_UK_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of UK universities">Armorial of UK universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in the UK">List of universities in the UK</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> See also the Final Report of the Stanford University TCP project, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien151.txt">IEN 151</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IEN+151&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfc-editor.org%2Fien%2Fien151.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988">, written by Cerf in 1980. This was originally, in TCP version 2 in 1977 (IEN5), to be entitled "Final Report of the Internetwork TCP Project" and to be written by Cerf [Stanford], Stephen Edge [UCL], Andrew Hinchley [UCL], Richard Karp [Stanford], <a href="/wiki/Peter_T._Kirstein" title="Peter T. Kirstein">Peter T. Kirstein</a> [UCL], and <a href="/wiki/Paal_Spilling" class="mw-redirect" title="Paal Spilling">Paal Spilling</a> [NDRE]. This title was carried over into version 3 (IEN21) and into the list of references in version 4 but the present title was adopted in the preface (IEN55). </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">University of Sydney</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Peking_University" title="Peking University">Peking University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_University" title="Zhejiang University">Zhejiang University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Jiao_Tong_University" title="Shanghai Jiao Tong University">Shanghai Jiao Tong University</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <a href="/wiki/All_India_Institutes_of_Medical_Sciences" title="All India Institutes of Medical Sciences">All India Institutes of Medical Sciences</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Science" title="Indian Institute of Science">Indian Institute of Science</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Technology,_Delhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi">Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Institute_of_Technology,_Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Institute of Technology, Madras">Indian Institute of Technology, Madras</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Osaka_University" title="Osaka University">Osaka University</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> the <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Singapore" title="National University of Singapore">National University of Singapore</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <a href="/wiki/HRH_Princess_Chulabhorn_College_of_Medical_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science">HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> The UCAS offer statistics given in the table above cover only UK domiciled applicants </li> <li id="cite_note-319"><a href="#cite_ref-319">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Statistics_Agency" title="Higher Education Statistics Agency">HESA</a> only collects ethnicity information for UK domiciled students. </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-finstat-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-finstat_1-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/finance/sites/finance/files/ucl_2022-23_annual_report_and_financial_statements.pdf">"Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 31 July 2023"</a> (PDF). University College London. Retrieved 21 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+and+Financial+Statements+for+the+year+ended+31+July+2023&rft.pub=University+College+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Ffinance%2Fsites%2Ffinance%2Ffiles%2Fucl_2022-23_annual_report_and_financial_statements.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chu-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chu_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chu_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/governance-compliance/council/membership/mr-victor-chu-cbe-2019">"UCL Council"</a>. University College London. August 2022. Retrieved 26 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+Council&rft.pub=University+College+London&rft.date=2022-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fgovernance-compliance%2Fcouncil%2Fmembership%2Fmr-victor-chu-cbe-2019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130203120251/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/about-ucl/who-we-are/officers">"UCL Officers"</a>. University College London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/about-ucl/who-we-are/officers">the original</a> on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+Officers&rft.pub=University+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fabout-ucl%2Fwho-we-are%2Fofficers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HESAStaff-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HESAStaff_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HESAStaff_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/staff/working-in-he">"Who's working in HE?"</a>. www.hesa.ac.uk. <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Statistics_Agency" title="Higher Education Statistics Agency">Higher Education Statistics Agency</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hesa.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Who%27s+working+in+HE%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hesa.ac.uk%2Fdata-and-analysis%2Fstaff%2Fworking-in-he&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HESAStudents-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HESAStudents_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HESAStudents_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HESAStudents_5-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/students/where-study#provider">"Where do HE students study? | HESA"</a>. hesa.ac.uk. <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Statistics_Agency" title="Higher Education Statistics Agency">Higher Education Statistics Agency</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hesa.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Where+do+HE+students+study%3F+%7C+HESA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hesa.ac.uk%2Fdata-and-analysis%2Fstudents%2Fwhere-study%23provider&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-colours-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-colours_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-colours_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-colours_6-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191211223610/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/cam/sites/cam/files/migrated-files/ucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf">"Working with our brand: Visual identity"</a> (PDF). UCL. p. 2. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/cam/sites/cam/files/migrated-files/ucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2022. <q>Mid Purple and Blue Celeste are UCL's traditional colours</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Working+with+our+brand%3A+Visual+identity&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=UCL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fcam%2Fsites%2Fcam%2Ffiles%2Fmigrated-files%2Fucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150406213312/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/submit-events/events/StyleguideFINAL.pdf">"Making an Impact: the UCL style guide"</a> (PDF). UCL. 2005. p. 44. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/submit-events/events/StyleguideFINAL.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 6 April 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2018. <q>UCL should always be referred to as 'UCL'. "University College London" can only be used as part of the postal address.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Making+an+Impact%3A+the+UCL+style+guide&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=UCL&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Fsubmit-events%2Fevents%2FStyleguideFINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutherland2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Sutherland_(author)" title="John Sutherland (author)">Sutherland, John</a> (29 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2005/jul/29/highereducation.news1">"What's in a name?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=What%27s+in+a+name%3F&rft.date=2005-07-29&rft.aulast=Sutherland&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Feducation%2F2005%2Fjul%2F29%2Fhighereducation.news1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191211223610/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/cam/sites/cam/files/migrated-files/ucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf">"Working with our brand"</a> (PDF). UCL. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/cam/sites/cam/files/migrated-files/ucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2019. <q>UCL is the university's official name</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Working+with+our+brand&rft.pub=UCL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fcam%2Fsites%2Fcam%2Ffiles%2Fmigrated-files%2Fucl-visual-identity-poster.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HESA_citation-10"><a href="#cite_ref-HESA_citation_10-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/students/where-study">"Where do HE students study?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Statistics_Agency" title="Higher Education Statistics Agency">Higher Education Statistics Agency</a>. 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Gerard Ward (December 1960). "Captain Alexander Maconochie, R. N., K. H., 1787-1860". 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Times Higher Education.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=The+first+women+at+university%3A+remembering+%27the+London+Nine%27&rft.date=2018-01-28&rft.au=Philip+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fblog%2Ffirst-women-university-remembering-london-nine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.london.ac.uk/news-and-opinion/leading-women/oh-pioneers-remembering-london-nine">"Oh Pioneers! Remembering the London Nine"</a>. University of London. 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UCL Press. p. 89.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+of+UCL&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.au=Negley+Harte&rft.au=John+North&rft.au=Georgina+Brewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uclpress.co.uk%2Fproducts%2F108685&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bristol.ac.uk/university/history/">"History of the University"</a>. University of Bristol. 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Retrieved 19 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCL&rft.atitle=UCL+faculties&rft.date=2019-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fabout%2Fhow-ucl-works%2Fucl-faculties&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AcademicUnits-161">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AcademicUnits_161-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AcademicUnits_161-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/governance-compliance/academic-structure/academic-units">"Academic Units"</a>. UCL. 5 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCL&rft.atitle=Academic+Units&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fgovernance-compliance%2Facademic-structure%2Facademic-units&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-annrev2023-162">^ <a href="#cite_ref-annrev2023_162-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annrev2023_162-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-annrev2023_162-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/annual-review/facts-figures-and-statistics">"UCL Annual Review 2022/23"</a>. UCL. 17 November 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+Annual+Review+2022%2F23&rft.pub=UCL&rft.date=2022-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fannual-review%2Ffacts-figures-and-statistics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUCL2023" class="citation web cs1">UCL (26 July 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ssees/news/2023/jul/ssees-integrate-ucl-arts-humanities">"SSEES to integrate with UCL Arts & Humanities"</a>. UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES). Retrieved 8 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCL+School+of+Slavonic+and+East+European+Studies+%28SSEES%29&rft.atitle=SSEES+to+integrate+with+UCL+Arts+%26+Humanities&rft.date=2023-07-26&rft.au=UCL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fssees%2Fnews%2F2023%2Fjul%2Fssees-integrate-ucl-arts-humanities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-terms-164"><a href="#cite_ref-terms_164-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/students/life-ucl/term-dates-and-closures/term-dates-and-closures-2022-23">"Term dates and closures 2022–23"</a>. University College London. 18 February 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Term+dates+and+closures+2022%E2%80%9323&rft.pub=University+College+London&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fstudents%2Flife-ucl%2Fterm-dates-and-closures%2Fterm-dates-and-closures-2022-23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> e.g. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/brand/visual/logos.aspx">"Logos"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Logos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nottingham.ac.uk%2Fbrand%2Fvisual%2Flogos.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/brand/visual/coat-of-arms.aspx">"Coat of arms"</a>. University of Nottingham. Retrieved 4 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Nottingham&rft.atitle=Coat+of+arms&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nottingham.ac.uk%2Fbrand%2Fvisual%2Fcoat-of-arms.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050731010200/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/">"UCL Online"</a>. University College London. Archived from the original on 31 July 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+College+London&rft.atitle=UCL+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarteNorth2004" class="citation book cs1">Harte, Negley; North, John (2004). The World of UCL 1828–2004 (3rd ed.). London: UCL Press. p. 154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84472-068-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84472-068-2"><bdi>978-1-84472-068-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+UCL+1828%E2%80%932004&rft.place=London&rft.pages=154&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-84472-068-2&rft.aulast=Harte&rft.aufirst=Negley&rft.au=North%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> e.g. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentsunionucl.org/clubs-societies/cricket-club">"UCL Cricket Club"</a>. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+Cricket+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstudentsunionucl.org%2Fclubs-societies%2Fcricket-club&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> – without the motto; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentsunionucl.org/clubs-societies/fencing-club">"UCL Fencing Club"</a>. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+Fencing+Club&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstudentsunionucl.org%2Fclubs-societies%2Ffencing-club&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> – no motto, laurel wreath in gold </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www7.studentsunionucl.org/clubs-societies/resources/students-union-logos">"Students'Union logos"</a>. Students' Union UCL. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Students%27+Union+UCL&rft.atitle=Students%27Union+logos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww7.studentsunionucl.org%2Fclubs-societies%2Fresources%2Fstudents-union-logos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sports_clubs-170">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sports_clubs_170-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sports_clubs_170-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://studentsunionucl.org/clubs-societies/directory/category?search=&category%5B0%5D=2758">"List of UCL sports clubs with logos"</a>. Students' Union UCL. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Students%27+Union+UCL&rft.atitle=List+of+UCL+sports+clubs+with+logos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstudentsunionucl.org%2Fclubs-societies%2Fdirectory%2Fcategory%3Fsearch%3D%26category%255B0%255D%3D2758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVirgil1888" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Virgil (1888), Storr, Francis (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theaeneid00virguoft/page/3/mode/1up">The Aeneid</a> (in Latin), book 5, line 70</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Aeneid&rft.pages=book+5%2C+line+70&rft.date=1888&rft.au=Virgil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftheaeneid00virguoft%2Fpage%2F3%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/earth-sciences/department/geology-ucl-brief-history">"Geology at UCL: a brief history"</a>. UCL. 18 July 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCL&rft.atitle=Geology+at+UCL%3A+a+brief+history&rft.date=2018-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fearth-sciences%2Fdepartment%2Fgeology-ucl-brief-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140209004448/http://www.london.ac.uk/history.html">"A brief history"</a>. University of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london.ac.uk/history.html">the original</a> on 9 February 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+brief+history&rft.pub=University+of+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london.ac.uk%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-the91106-174"><a href="#cite_ref-the91106_174-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=206624&sectioncode=26">"Queen's gets key to Russell club door"</a>. Times Higher Education. 9 November 2006. Retrieved 7 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Queen%27s+gets+key+to+Russell+club+door&rft.date=2006-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.co.uk%2Fstory.asp%3FstoryCode%3D206624%26sectioncode%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/2005/050707/full/nj7047-144a.html">"Golden opportunities"</a>. Nature. 6 July 2005. <q>No longer rivals, Oxford, Cambridge and London are now working towards a common goal – ensuring the 'golden triangle' becomes a global science hub.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Golden+opportunities&rft.date=2005-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnaturejobs%2F2005%2F050707%2Ffull%2Fnj7047-144a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=94844&sectioncode=26">"Oxbridge windfall"</a>. Times Higher Education. 4 August 1995. <q>A large amount of the cash awarded to humanities postgraduates still goes to the "Golden Triangle" of Oxford, Cambridge and London, British Academy figures reveal.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Oxbridge+windfall&rft.date=1995-08-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.co.uk%2Fstory.asp%3FstoryCode%3D94844%26sectioncode%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKershaw2012" class="citation web cs1">Kershaw, Alison (4 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/uk-universities-slip-in-rankings-8196772.html">"UK universities slip in rankings"</a>. The Independent. <q>Rankings editor Phil Baty said: "Outside the golden triangle of London, Oxford and Cambridge, England's world-class universities face a collapse into global mediocrity</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=UK+universities+slip+in+rankings&rft.date=2012-10-04&rft.aulast=Kershaw&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Feducation%2Feducation-news%2Fuk-universities-slip-in-rankings-8196772.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140805143811/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/media/library/LERU">"UCL joins League of European Research Universities"</a>. University College London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucl.ac.uk/media/library/LERU">the original</a> on 5 August 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCL+joins+League+of+European+Research+Universities&rft.pub=University+College+London&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fmedia%2Flibrary%2FLERU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220205071457/https://www.leru.org/members">"Our members"</a>. League of European Research Universities. 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UCL Press. pp. 108–111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+UCL&rft.pages=108-111&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.au=Negley+Harte&rft.au=John+North&rft.au=Georgina+Brewis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathunion.org/imu-awards/fields-medal/fields-medals-1958">"Fields Medals 1958"</a>. International Mathematical Union. Retrieved 10 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Mathematical+Union&rft.atitle=Fields+Medals+1958&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathunion.org%2Fimu-awards%2Ffields-medal%2Ffields-medals-1958&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-337"><a href="#cite_ref-337">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFT.H._WarrenG.D._Liveing1897" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Warren" title="Herbert Warren">T.H. Warren</a>; <a href="/wiki/George_Downing_Liveing" title="George Downing Liveing">G.D. Liveing</a> (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f-cKAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA11">University College, London</a>. <a href="/wiki/HMSO" class="mw-redirect" title="HMSO">HMSO</a>. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=University+College%2C+London&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=HMSO&rft.date=1897&rft.au=T.H.+Warren&rft.au=G.D.+Liveing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df-cKAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-338"><a href="#cite_ref-338">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwapnajit_Mitra2014" class="citation news cs1">Swapnajit Mitra (12 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiacurrents.com/my-experiment-with-truth/">"My Experiment with Truth"</a>. <a href="/wiki/India_Currents" title="India Currents">India Currents</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Currents&rft.atitle=My+Experiment+with+Truth&rft.date=2014-10-12&rft.au=Swapnajit+Mitra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findiacurrents.com%2Fmy-experiment-with-truth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-339"><a href="#cite_ref-339">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2006/mar/ucl-marks-place-british-intellectual-history-john-stuart-mill-0">"UCL marks a place in British intellectual history for John Stuart Mill"</a>. UCL. 23 March 2006. Retrieved 12 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UCL&rft.atitle=UCL+marks+a+place+in+British+intellectual+history+for+John+Stuart+Mill&rft.date=2006-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fnews%2F2006%2Fmar%2Fucl-marks-place-british-intellectual-history-john-stuart-mill-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellot1929" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hale_Bellot" title="Hugh Hale Bellot">Bellot, H. Hale</a> (1929). University College, London 1826–1926. London: University of London Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=University+College%2C+London+1826%E2%80%931926&rft.place=London&rft.pub=University+of+London+Press&rft.date=1929&rft.aulast=Bellot&rft.aufirst=H.+Hale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Furlong, Gillian (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uclpress.co.uk/products/82991">Treasures from UCL</a>. London: UCL Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-910634-36-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-910634-36-3">978-1-910634-36-3</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarteNorthBrewis2018" class="citation book cs1">Harte, Negley; North, John; Brewis, Georgina (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ucl.ac.uk/ucl-press/browse-books/the-world-of-ucl">The World of UCL</a> (4th ed.). London: UCL Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78735-294-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78735-294-0"><bdi>978-1-78735-294-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+UCL&rft.place=London&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78735-294-0&rft.aulast=Harte&rft.aufirst=Negley&rft.au=North%2C+John&rft.au=Brewis%2C+Georgina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%2Fucl-press%2Fbrowse-books%2Fthe-world-of-ucl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+College+London" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=University_College_London&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_College_London" title="Template:University College London"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#fff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_College_London" title="Template talk:University College London"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#fff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_College_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University College London"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#fff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_College_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #602899; color:#fff; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #b8e7ff, inset -2px -2px 0 #b8e7ff;;color: #602899; background-color: #b8e7ff;"><div id="Academic_activities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Academic_profile">Academic activities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Faculties, schools and groupings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Arts_and_Humanities" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Faculty of Arts and Humanities">Faculty of Arts and Humanities</a> (<a href="/wiki/Slade_School_of_Fine_Art" title="Slade School of Fine Art">Slade School of Fine Art</a>)</li> <li>Faculty of Brain Sciences <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Division_of_Psychology_and_Language_Sciences" title="UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences">Division of Psychology and Language Sciences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bartlett" title="The Bartlett">Faculty of the Built Environment (The Bartlett)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Engineering_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Engineering Sciences">Faculty of Engineering Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Energy_and_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL School of Energy and Resources">School of Energy and Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Management" title="UCL School of Management">School of Management</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Laws" title="UCL Faculty of Laws">Faculty of Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Life_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Life Sciences">Faculty of Life Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy" title="UCL School of Pharmacy">School of Pharmacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Mathematical_and_Physical_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences">Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences</a></li> <li>Faculty of Medical Sciences <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Medical_School" title="UCL Medical School">Medical School</a></li></ul></li> <li>Faculty of Population Health Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Faculty_of_Social_and_Historical_Sciences" title="UCL Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences">Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Education" title="UCL Institute of Education">Institute of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Neuroscience" title="UCL Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Centres and departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Advanced_Spatial_Analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis">Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_the_Study_of_the_Legacies_of_British_Slave-ownership" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownership">Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Centre_for_Digital_Humanities" title="UCL Centre for Digital Humanities">Centre for Digital Humanities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Centre_for_the_History_of_Medicine" title="UCL Centre for the History of Medicine">Centre for the History of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust_Centre_for_Neuroimaging" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging">Centre for Neuroimaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Unit" title="Constitution Unit">The Constitution Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Department_of_Information_Studies" title="UCL Department of Information Studies">Department of Information Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Department_of_Philosophy" title="UCL Department of Philosophy">Department of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Science_and_Technology_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Science and Technology Studies">Department of Science and Technology Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullard_Space_Science_Laboratory" title="Mullard Space Science Laboratory">Department of Space and Climate Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPPI-Centre" title="EPPI-Centre">EPPI-Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Centre_for_Nanotechnology" title="London Centre for Nanotechnology">London Centre for Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Knowledge_Lab" title="London Knowledge Lab">London Knowledge Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slade_Centre_for_Electronic_Media_in_Fine_Art" title="Slade Centre for Electronic Media in Fine Art">Slade Centre for Electronic Media in Fine Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Urban_Laboratory" title="UCL Urban Laboratory">Urban Laboratory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Institutes and laboratories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Ear_Institute" title="UCL Ear Institute">Ear Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Eastman_Dental_Institute" title="UCL Eastman Dental Institute">Eastman Dental Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Great_Ormond_Street_Institute_of_Child_Health" title="UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health">Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Archaeology" title="UCL Institute of Archaeology">Institute of Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_for_Global_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute for Global Health">Institute for Global Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Jewish_Studies" title="UCL Institute of Jewish Studies">Institute of Jewish Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Making" title="Institute of Making">Institute of Making</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Neurology" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Institute of Neurology">Institute of Neurology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Ophthalmology" title="UCL Institute of Ophthalmology">Institute of Ophthalmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Jill_Dando_Institute" title="UCL Jill Dando Institute">Institute of Security and Crime Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedestrian_Accessibility_and_Movement_Environment_Laboratory" title="Pedestrian Accessibility and Movement Environment Laboratory">Pedestrian Accessibility and Movement Environment Laboratory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Professor_of_Egyptian_Archaeology_and_Philology" title="Edwards Professor of Egyptian Archaeology and Philology">Edwards Professor of Egyptian Archaeology and Philology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grote_Professor_of_the_Philosophy_of_Mind_and_Logic" title="Grote Professor of the Philosophy of Mind and Logic">Grote Professor of the Philosophy of Mind and Logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pender_Chair" title="Pender Chair">Pender Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papers_from_the_Institute_of_Archaeology" class="mw-redirect" title="Papers from the Institute of Archaeology">Papers from the Institute of Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Prize_Lecture_in_Life_and_Medical_Sciences" title="UCL Prize Lecture in Life and Medical Sciences">Prize Lecture in Life and Medical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Archaeology_(journal)" title="Public Archaeology (journal)">Public Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quain_Professor" title="Quain Professor">Quain Professor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_Memorial_Professor_of_Chemical_Engineering" title="Ramsay Memorial Professor of Chemical Engineering">Ramsay Memorial Professor of Chemical Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slade_Professor_of_Fine_Art" title="Slade Professor of Fine Art">Slade Professor of Fine Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcribe_Bentham" title="Transcribe Bentham">Transcribe Bentham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #602899; color:#fff; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #b8e7ff, inset -2px -2px 0 #b8e7ff;;color: #602899; background-color: #b8e7ff;"><div id="University" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">University</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Campus">Campus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Theatre" title="Bloomsbury Theatre">Bloomsbury Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_the_King,_Bloomsbury" title="Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury">Church of Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euston_Road" title="Euston Road">Euston Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Square" title="Gordon Square">Gordon Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gower_Street,_London" title="Gower Street, London">Gower Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn_Road" title="Gray's Inn Road">Gray's Inn Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halls_of_residence_at_University_College_London" title="Halls of residence at University College London">Halls of residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_East" title="Here East">Here East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holmbury_St_Mary" title="Holmbury St Mary">Holmbury St Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Main_Building" title="UCL Main Building">Main Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrie_Museum_of_Egyptian_Archaeology" title="Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology">Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Square,_London" title="Queen Square, London">Queen Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somers_Town,_London" title="Somers Town, London">Somers Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavistock_Square" title="Tavistock Square">Tavistock Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road" title="Tottenham Court Road">Tottenham Court Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Observatory" title="UCL Observatory">UCL Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_East" title="UCL East">UCL East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn_Square" title="Woburn Square">Woburn Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_associated_with_University_College_London" title="List of people associated with University College London">List of notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Spence_(legal_scholar)" title="Michael Spence (legal scholar)">Michael Spence</a> (Provost)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Student_life">Student life</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Boat_Club" title="University College London Boat Club">UCL Boat Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cheese_Grater" title="The Cheese Grater">The Cheese Grater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Opera" title="University College Opera">University College Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Pi_Media" title="UCL Pi Media">Pi Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_FM" title="Rare FM">Rare FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Free,_University_College_and_Middlesex_Medical_Students_RFC" title="Royal Free, University College and Middlesex Medical Students RFC">Royal Free, University College and Middlesex Medical Students RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students%27_Union_UCL" title="Students' Union UCL">Students' Union UCL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_Saturday" title="Citrus Saturday">Citrus Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Business" title="UCL Business">UCL Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filming_at_University_College_London" title="Filming at University College London">Filming at UCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_University_College_London" title="History of University College London">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_and_UCL_rivalry" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College London and UCL rivalry">Rivalry with King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest university in England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #602899; color:#fff; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #b8e7ff, inset -2px -2px 0 #b8e7ff;;color: #602899; background-color: #b8e7ff;"><div id="Affiliates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Memberships,_affiliations_and_partnerships">Affiliates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Medical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Ormond_Street_Hospital_for_Children_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust">Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Ormond_Street_Hospital" title="Great Ormond Street Hospital">Great Ormond Street Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorfields_Eye_Hospital_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust">Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moorfields_Eye_Hospital" title="Moorfields Eye Hospital">Moorfields Eye Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Free_London_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust">Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Free_Hospital" title="Royal Free Hospital">The Royal Free Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Orthopaedic_Hospital" title="Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital">Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLH/UCL_Biomedical_Research_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLH/UCL Biomedical Research Centre">UCLH/UCL Biomedical Research Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Partners" class="mw-redirect" title="UCL Partners">UCL Partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_London_Hospitals_NHS_Foundation_Trust" title="University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust">University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastman_Dental_Hospital" title="Eastman Dental Hospital">Eastman Dental Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_for_Tropical_Diseases" title="Hospital for Tropical Diseases">Hospital for Tropical Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hospital_for_Neurology_and_Neurosurgery" title="National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery">National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital_for_Integrated_Medicine" title="Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine">Royal London Hospital for Integrated Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Throat,_Nose_and_Ear_Hospital" title="Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital">Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCH_Macmillan_Cancer_Centre" title="UCH Macmillan Cancer Centre">UCH Macmillan Cancer Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital" title="University College Hospital">University College Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Hospital_at_Westmoreland_Street" title="University College Hospital at Westmoreland Street">University College Hospital at Westmoreland Street</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittington_Hospital" title="Whittington Hospital">Whittington Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #b8e7ff; color: #4a1f75">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing_Institute" title="Alan Turing Institute">Alan Turing Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Freud_Centre" title="Anna Freud Centre">Anna Freud Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Network_for_Training_Economic_Research" title="European Network for Training Economic Research">European Network for Training Economic Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_triangle_(universities)" title="Golden triangle (universities)">Golden triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Advanced_Legal_Studies" title="Institute of Advanced Legal Studies">Institute of Advanced Legal Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_Engineering_South" title="Science and Engineering South">Science and Engineering South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_Centre" title="Thomas Young Centre">Thomas Young Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Academy" title="UCL Academy">UCL Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_School" title="University College School">University College School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #602899; color:#fff; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #b8e7ff, inset -2px -2px 0 #b8e7ff;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:University_College_London" title="Category:University College London">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:University_College_London" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:University College London">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_University_College_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_University_College_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to University College London</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_London" title="Template:University of London"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_London" title="Template talk:University of London"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of London"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London#Administrative_structure" title="University of London">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City,_University_of_London" title="City, University of London">City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="St George's, University of London">St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">School of Oriental and African Studies</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_House,_University_of_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Senate House"><img alt="Senate House" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/100px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/150px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg/200px-Senate_House%2C_University_of_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1470" data-file-height="1967" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Central bodies and programmes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_House_Libraries" title="Senate House Libraries">Senate House Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Advanced_Legal_Studies" title="Institute of Advanced Legal Studies">Institute of Advanced Legal Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Classical_Studies" title="Institute of Classical Studies">Institute of Classical Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Commonwealth_Studies" title="Institute of Commonwealth Studies">Institute of Commonwealth Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_English_Studies" title="Institute of English Studies">Institute of English Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Historical_Research" title="Institute of Historical Research">Institute of Historical Research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Metropolitan_History" title="Centre for Metropolitan History">Centre for Metropolitan History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Latin_American_Studies" title="Institute of Latin American Studies">Institute of Latin American Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Modern_Languages_Research" title="Institute of Modern Languages Research">Institute of Modern Languages Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Philosophy,_University_of_London" title="Institute of Philosophy, University of London">Institute of Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warburg_Institute" title="Warburg Institute">Warburg Institute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Institute_in_Paris" title="University of London Institute in Paris">University of London Institute in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Worldwide" title="University of London Worldwide">University of London Worldwide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_University_of_London" title="Category:People associated with the University of London">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chancellors_of_the_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chancellors of the University of London">Chancellor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">The Princess Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice-chancellors_of_the_University_of_London" title="List of vice-chancellors of the University of London">Vice-Chancellor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Thomson" title="Wendy Thomson">Wendy Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitor" title="Visitor">Visitor</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">The Lord President of the Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lucy_Powell" title="Lucy Powell">Lucy Powell</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Academics_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Academics of the University of London">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Alumni of the University of London">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_member_institutions_of_the_University_of_London" title="List of heads of member institutions of the University of London">List of heads of colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_London_people" class="mw-redirect" title="List of University of London people">List of University of London people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Places and buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Square" title="Gordon Square">Gordon Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London_intercollegiate_halls_of_residence" title="Category:University of London intercollegiate halls of residence">Halls of residence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Hall,_London" title="College Hall, London">College Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connaught_Hall,_London" title="Connaught Hall, London">Connaught Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Hall,_London" title="International Hall, London">International Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutford_House,_London" title="Nutford House, London">Nutford House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malet_Street" title="Malet Street">Malet Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Square" title="Russell Square">Russell Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_House,_London" title="Senate House, London">Senate House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavistock_Square" title="Tavistock Square">Tavistock Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrington_Square" title="Torrington Square">Torrington Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn_Square" title="Woburn Square">Woburn Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London#History" title="University of London">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white; color: #003F87; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #ED2939, inset -1px -1px 0 #ED2939;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_colleges_of_the_University_of_London" title="Category:Former colleges of the University of London">Institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_College,_London" title="Bedford College, London">Bedford College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Chelsea College of Science and Technology">Chelsea College of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heythrop_College,_University_of_London" title="Heythrop College, University of London">Heythrop College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_Institute_of_Education" title="UCL Institute of Education">Institute of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Psychiatry,_Psychology_and_Neuroscience" title="Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience">Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Study_of_the_Americas" title="Institute for the Study of the Americas">Institute for the Study of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Consortium" title="London Consortium">London Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_College_London" title="New College London">New College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_College" title="Queen Elizabeth College">Queen Elizabeth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_College,_Oxford" title="Regent's Park College, Oxford">Regent's Park College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Postgraduate_Medical_School" title="Royal Postgraduate Medical School">Royal Postgraduate Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Pharmacy" title="UCL School of Pharmacy">School of Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCL_School_of_Slavonic_and_East_European_Studies" title="UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies">School of Slavonic and East European Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Marine_Biological_Station_Millport" title="University Marine Biological Station Millport">University Marine Biological Station Millport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27s_Hospital_Medical_School" title="St Thomas's Hospital Medical School">St Thomas's Hospital Medical School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield_College" title="Westfield College">Westfield College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wye_College" title="Wye College">Wye College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white; color: #003F87; box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 0 #ED2939, inset -1px -1px 0 #ED2939;">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_Burlington_Gardens" title="6 Burlington Gardens">6 Burlington Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_the_King,_Bloomsbury" title="Church of Christ the King, Bloomsbury">Church of Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London_intercollegiate_halls_of_residence" title="Category:University of London intercollegiate halls of residence">Halls of residence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Hall" title="Commonwealth Hall">Commonwealth Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Parry_Hall,_London" title="Hughes Parry Hall, London">Hughes Parry Hall</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="London University (UK Parliament constituency)">Parliamentary constituency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Examination_for_Women" title="General Examination for Women">General Examination for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privileged_bodies_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Privileged bodies of the United Kingdom">Privileged bodies of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;;width:1%;background: #ED2939; color: white">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London" title="Academic dress of the University of London">Academic dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Careers_Group,_University_of_London" title="The Careers Group, University of London">The Careers Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Student" title="London Student">London Student</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Boat_Club" title="University of London Boat Club">University of London Boat Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Computer_Centre" title="University of London Computer Centre">University of London Computer Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Press" title="University of London Press">University of London Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Union" title="University of London Union">University of London Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background: #003F87; color: white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #ED2939, inset -2px -2px 0 #ED2939;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_London" title="Category:University of London">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_London" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:University of London">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Francis_Crick_Institute" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Template:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Template talk:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Francis Crick Institute"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Francis_Crick_Institute" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick_Institute" title="Francis Crick Institute">Francis Crick Institute</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Funded by</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cancer_Research_UK" title="Cancer Research UK">Cancer Research UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Research_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)">Medical Research Council</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellcome_Trust" title="Wellcome Trust">Wellcome Trust</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Senior staff</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Boulton" title="Simon Boulton">Simon Boulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doreen_Cantrell" title="Doreen Cantrell">Doreen Cantrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cooksey" title="David Cooksey">David Cooksey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Downward" title="Julian Downward">Julian Downward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Farrar" title="Jeremy Farrar">Jeremy Farrar</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21166090" class="extiw" title="d:Q21166090">Steve Gamblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Gruss" title="Peter Gruss">Peter Gruss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Hayday" title="Adrian Hayday">Adrian Hayday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_S._Hill" title="Caroline S. Hill">Caroline S. Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Tim Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21166615" class="extiw" title="d:Q21166615">Malcolm Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpal_Kumar" title="Harpal Kumar">Harpal Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Lovell-Badge" title="Robin Lovell-Badge">Robin Lovell-Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomas_Lindahl" title="Tomas Lindahl">Tomas Lindahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Paul Nurse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Pachnis" title="Vassilis Pachnis">Vassilis Pachnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_O%27Garra" title="Anne O'Garra">Anne O'Garra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Peters_(physician)" title="Keith Peters (physician)">Keith Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraint_Rees" title="Geraint Rees">Geraint Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Skehel" title="John Skehel">John Skehel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cuthbert_Smith" title="Jim Cuthbert Smith">Jim Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Swanton" title="Charles Swanton">Charles Swanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Treisman" title="Richard Treisman">Richard Treisman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Uhlmann" title="Frank Uhlmann">Frank Uhlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Vincent" title="Jean-Paul Vincent">Jean-Paul Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Willetts" title="David Willetts">David Willetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Yea" title="Philip Yea">Philip Yea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Incorporating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Medical_Research" title="National Institute for Medical Research">National Institute for Medical Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Research_Institute" title="London Research Institute">London Research Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_and_colleges_in_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Template:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Template talk:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities and colleges in London"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_and_colleges_in_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universities and colleges in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Education_in_London" title="Education in London">Education in London</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_London" title="Category:Universities and colleges in London">Universities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunel University London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City,_University_of_London" title="City, University of London">City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="St George's, University of London">St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">University of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Interdisciplinary_School" title="London Interdisciplinary School">London Interdisciplinary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent's University London">Regent's University London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary's University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Higher education colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Association_School_of_Architecture" title="Architectural Association School of Architecture">Architectural Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Churchill_College" title="London Churchill College">London Churchill College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Journalism" title="London School of Journalism">London School of Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_College" title="Muslim College">Muslim College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_College_London" title="Pearson College London">Pearson College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Further education colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ada,_the_National_College_for_Digital_Skills" title="Ada, the National College for Digital Skills">Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barking_and_Dagenham_College" title="Barking and Dagenham College">Barking and Dagenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnet_and_Southgate_College" title="Barnet and Southgate College">Barnet and Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capel_Manor_College" title="Capel Manor College">Capel Manor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_and_Islington_College" title="City and Islington College">City and Islington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Literary_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="City Literary Institute">City Lit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster_College" title="City of Westminster College">City of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_College" title="Croydon College">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Retail_Academy" title="Fashion Retail Academy">Fashion Retail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_College_of_Haringey,_Enfield_and_North_East_London" title="The College of Haringey, Enfield and North East London">Haringey, Enfield and North East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_College" title="Harrow College">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_College_of_Further_and_Higher_Education" title="Havering College of Further and Higher Education">Havering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambeth College">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisham_College" title="Lewisham College">Lewisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_East_Colleges" title="London South East Colleges">London South East Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marine_Society_College_of_the_Sea" title="The Marine Society College of the Sea">Marine Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ward_Centre" title="Mary Ward Centre">Mary Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morley_College" title="Morley College">Morley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_City_College" title="New City College">New City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_College_of_Further_Education" title="Newham College of Further Education">Newham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_North_West_London" title="College of North West London">North West London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_and_Hillcroft_Adult_Community_College" title="Richmond and Hillcroft Adult Community College">Richmond and Hillcroft Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_upon_Thames_College" title="Richmond upon Thames College">Richmond upon Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark_College" title="Southwark College">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_College" title="Sutton College">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Thames_Colleges_Group" title="South Thames Colleges Group">South Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanmore_College" title="Stanmore College">Stanmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge_College" title="Uxbridge College">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham_Forest_College" title="Waltham Forest College">Waltham Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_London_College" title="West London College">West London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Thames_College" title="West Thames College">West Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Kingsway_College" title="Westminster Kingsway College">Westminster Kingsway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Educational_Association" title="Workers' Educational Association">Workers' Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_Men%27s_College" title="Working Men's College">Working Men's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sixth form colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Creative_Academy" title="Big Creative Academy">Big Creative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSix_Sixth_Form_College" title="BSix Sixth Form College">BSix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_King_Sixth_Form_College" title="Christ the King Sixth Form College">Christ the King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulsdon_Sixth_Form_College" title="Coulsdon Sixth Form College">Coulsdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_London_Arts_%26_Music" title="East London Arts & Music">ELAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haringey_Sixth_Form_College" title="Haringey Sixth Form College">Haringey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Westminster_Sixth_Form" title="Harris Westminster Sixth Form">Harris Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_Sixth_Form_College" title="Havering Sixth Form College">Havering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin_College" title="John Ruskin College">John Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London_Mathematics_School" title="King's College London Mathematics School">King's London Maths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton_Sixth_Form_College" title="Leyton Sixth Form College">Leyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Academy_of_Excellence" title="London Academy of Excellence">London Academy of Excellence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Academy_of_Excellence_Tottenham" title="London Academy of Excellence Tottenham">London Academy of Excellence Tottenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_Sixth_Form_College" title="Newham Sixth Form College">Newham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newham_Collegiate_Sixth_Form_Centre" title="Newham Collegiate Sixth Form Centre">Newham Collegiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Charles_Catholic_Sixth_Form_College" title="St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College">St Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Dominic%27s_Sixth_Form_College" title="St Dominic's Sixth Form College">St Dominic's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_Xavier_College,_Clapham" title="Saint Francis Xavier College, Clapham">St Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Monoux_College" title="Sir George Monoux College">Sir George Monoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bank_University_Sixth_Form" title="South Bank University Sixth Form">South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_City_College" title="Tech City College">Tech City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris_Sixth_Form" title="William Morris Sixth Form">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhouse_College" title="Woodhouse College">Woodhouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">List</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Universities in the United Kingdom">Universities in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_England" title="List of universities in England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East of England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglia_Ruskin_University" title="Anglia Ruskin University">Anglia Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bedfordshire" title="University of Bedfordshire">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranfield_University" title="Cranfield University">Cranfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">East Anglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Essex" title="University of Essex">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hertfordshire" title="University of Hertfordshire">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_University_of_the_Arts" title="Norwich University of the Arts">Norwich University of the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Suffolk" title="University of Suffolk">Suffolk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_higher_education_colleges_in_London" title="List of universities and higher education colleges in London">London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkbeck,_University_of_London" title="Birkbeck, University of London">Birkbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunel_University_of_London" title="Brunel University of London">Brunel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_St_George%27s,_University_of_London" title="City St George's, University of London">City St George's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldsmiths,_University_of_London" title="Goldsmiths, University of London">Goldsmiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Cancer_Research" title="Institute of Cancer Research">Institute of Cancer Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Business_School" title="London Business School">London Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">LSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Hygiene_%26_Tropical_Medicine" title="London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine">LSHTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Central_School_of_Speech_and_Drama" title="Royal Central School of Speech and Drama">Royal Central School of Speech and Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Holloway,_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Veterinary_College" title="Royal Veterinary College">Royal Veterinary College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_Study" title="School of Advanced Study">School of Advanced Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UCL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_London" title="University of East London">East London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Greenwich" title="University of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Metropolitan_University" title="London Metropolitan University">London Met</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_South_Bank_University" title="London South Bank University">London South Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_University" title="Middlesex University">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_University_%E2%80%93_London" title="Northeastern University – London">Northeastern University – London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravensbourne_University_London" title="Ravensbourne University London">Ravensbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London" title="Regent's University London">Regent's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_The_American_International_University_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Richmond, The American International University in London">Richmond, The American International University in London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Music" title="Royal College of Music">Royal College of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Roehampton" title="University of Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_University,_Twickenham" title="St Mary's University, Twickenham">St Mary's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_London" title="University of the Arts London">University of the Arts London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Westminster" title="University of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_West_London" title="University of West London">West London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_University" title="Birmingham City University">Birmingham City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Grosseteste_University" title="Bishop Grosseteste University">Bishop Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry_University" title="Coventry University">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Montfort_University" title="De Montfort University">De Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby" title="University of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harper_Adams_University" title="Harper Adams University">Harper Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keele_University" title="Keele University">Keele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leicester" title="University of Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lincoln" title="University of Lincoln">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_University" title="Loughborough University">Loughborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newman_University,_Birmingham" class="mw-redirect" title="Newman University, Birmingham">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Northampton" title="University of Northampton">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University" title="Nottingham Trent University">Nottingham Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staffordshire_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Staffordshire University">Staffordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_Birmingham" title="University College Birmingham">University College Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wolverhampton" title="University of Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Worcester" title="University of Worcester">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bolton" title="University of Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bradford" title="University of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Central_Lancashire" title="University of Central Lancashire">Central Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cumbria" title="University of Cumbria">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_University" title="Edge Hill University">Edge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Huddersfield" title="University of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hull" title="University of Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Arts_University" title="Leeds Arts University">Leeds Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Beckett_University" title="Leeds Beckett University">Leeds Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Trinity_University" title="Leeds Trinity University">Leeds Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Hope_University" title="Liverpool Hope University">Liverpool Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_School_of_Tropical_Medicine" title="Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine">LSTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumbria_University" title="Northumbria University">Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salford" title="University of Salford">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Hallam_University" title="Sheffield Hallam University">Sheffield Hallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sunderland" title="University of Sunderland">Sunderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesside_University" title="Teesside University">Teesside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_St_John_University" title="York St John University">York St. John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Bournemouth" title="Arts University Bournemouth">Arts University Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bath_Spa_University" title="Bath Spa University">Bath Spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bournemouth_University" title="Bournemouth University">Bournemouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Brighton" title="University of Brighton">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Buckingham" title="University of Buckingham">Buckingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire_New_University" title="Buckinghamshire New University">Buckinghamshire New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Christ_Church_University" title="Canterbury Christ Church University">Canterbury Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts" title="University for the Creative Arts">Creative Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falmouth_University" title="Falmouth University">Falmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartpury_College" title="Hartpury College">Hartpury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gloucestershire" title="University of Gloucestershire">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kent" title="University of Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Brookes_University" title="Oxford Brookes University">Oxford Brookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Plymouth" title="University of Plymouth">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Marjon_University" title="Plymouth Marjon University">Plymouth Marjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_University_Plymouth" title="Arts University Plymouth">Arts University Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Portsmouth" title="University of Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Agricultural_University" title="Royal Agricultural University">Royal Agricultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solent_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Solent University">Solent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">Sussex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_England" title="University of the West of England">UWE Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Winchester" title="University of Winchester">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Scotland" title="List of universities in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Napier_University" title="Edinburgh Napier University">Edinburgh Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University" title="Glasgow Caledonian University">Glasgow Caledonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University">Heriot-Watt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Highlands_and_Islands" title="University of the Highlands and Islands">Highlands and Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Margaret_University" title="Queen Margaret University">Queen Margaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gordon_University" title="Robert Gordon University">Robert Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Conservatoire_of_Scotland" title="Royal Conservatoire of Scotland">Royal Conservatoire of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_of_Scotland" title="University of the West of Scotland">West of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Wales" title="List of universities in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberystwyth_University" title="Aberystwyth University">Aberystwyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_University" title="Bangor University">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_Metropolitan_University" title="Cardiff Metropolitan University">Cardiff Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Wales" title="University of South Wales">South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea_University" title="Swansea University">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wales_Trinity_Saint_David" title="University of Wales Trinity Saint David">Wales Trinity Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham_University" title="Wrexham University">Wrexham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_British_overseas_territories" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Overseas territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_College" title="Bermuda College">Bermuda College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cayman Islands Law School">Cayman Islands Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gibraltar" title="University of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="International College of the Cayman Islands">International College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_School_of_Medicine" title="Saint James School of Medicine">Saint James School of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Matthew%27s_University" title="St. Matthew's University">St. Matthew's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="University College of the Cayman Islands">University College of the Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Science,_Arts_and_Technology" title="University of Science, Arts and Technology">University of Science, Arts and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies_Open_Campus" title="University of the West Indies Open Campus">University of the West Indies Open Campus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom#Universities_in_Crown_Dependencies" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">Crown dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Channel_Islands_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey">University of the Channel Islands in Guernsey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arden_University" title="Arden University">Arden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPP_University" title="BPP University">BPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Law" title="University of Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_International_Programmes" class="mw-redirect" title="University of London International Programmes">London International Programmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University" title="Open University">Open</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_student_protests" title="2010 United Kingdom student protests">2010 United Kingdom student protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_date_of_foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by date of foundation">List by date of foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_university" title="Ancient university">Ancient</a>; <a href="/wiki/Third-oldest_university_in_England_debate" title="Third-oldest university in England debate">Third-oldest in England</a>; <a href="/wiki/Red_brick_university" title="Red brick university">Redbrick</a>; <a href="/wiki/Plate_glass_university" title="Plate glass university">Plate glass</a>; <a href="/wiki/Post-1992_university" title="Post-1992 university">Post-1992</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_universities_by_endowment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UK universities by endowment">List by endowment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_enrolment" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom by enrolment">List by enrolment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleges_within_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom">Colleges within universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_degree_abbreviations" title="British degree abbreviations">Degree abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_Wales" title="Higher Education Funding Council for Wales">HEFCW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Students" title="Office for Students">Office for Students</a> (<a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Funding_Council_for_England" title="Higher Education Funding Council for England">HEFCE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Rankings of universities in the United Kingdom">Rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Funding_Council" title="Scottish Funding Council">Scottish Funding Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_loans_and_grants_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom">Student loans and grants in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Radio_Association" title="Student Radio Association">Student Radio Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student unionism in the United Kingdom">Student unionism in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuition_fees_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Tuition fees in the United Kingdom">Tuition fees in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification" title="British undergraduate degree classification">Undergraduate degree classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_and_College_Union" title="University and College Union">University and College Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_(United_Kingdom)" title="Polytechnic (United Kingdom)">Polytechnic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Universities in the United Kingdom">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of universities in the United Kingdom">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="League_of_European_Research_Universities_(LERU)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Template:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Template talk:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:League of European Research Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="League_of_European_Research_Universities_(LERU)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/League_of_European_Research_Universities" title="League of European Research Universities">League of European Research Universities (LERU)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Copenhagen" title="University of Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Dublin (TCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Freiburg" title="University of Freiburg">Freiburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_Karl_University_of_Heidelberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leiden" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Leiden">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lund_University" title="Lund University">Lund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Milan" title="University of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Maximilian_University_of_Munich" title="Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich">LMU Munich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Saclay_University" title="Paris-Saclay University">Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strasbourg" title="University of Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">UCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zurich" title="University of Zurich">Zurich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russell_Group" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russell_Group" title="Template:Russell Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russell_Group" title="Template talk:Russell Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russell_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russell Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russell_Group" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Birmingham" title="University of Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_London" title="Imperial College London">Imperial College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southampton" title="University of Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=European_Union&#124;link=European_Union_European_Network_for_Training_Economic_Research" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/European_Network_for_Training_Economic_Research" title="European Network for Training Economic Research">European Network for Training Economic Research</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_University_of_Barcelona" title="Autonomous University of Barcelona">Barcelona (UAB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_libre_de_Bruxelles" title="Université libre de Bruxelles">Brussels (ULB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_University_of_Madrid" title="Charles III University of Madrid">Charles III University of Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mannheim" title="University of Mannheim">Mannheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stockholm" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toulouse_1_University_Capitole" class="mw-redirect" title="Toulouse 1 University Capitole">Toulouse 1 University Capitole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilburg_University" title="Tilburg University">Tilburg University</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University College London (UCL)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output 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.portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/11px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/17px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/22px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" 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authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193196#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121901201">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3497159337565813150000">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/539998/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1010776-9">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80001195">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12147895v">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12147895v">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35311649">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20050165889&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX83823">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90521350">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=241776">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/42gjmhnn1sdhg4z">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810684029005606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007269221805171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/3981ea69-7e31-4deb-b59b-e217cc343d05">MusicBrainz place</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05906730?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500312859">ULAN</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list 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