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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Karakteristik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karakteristik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Karakteristik </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Karakteristik </button> <ul id="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sifat_fisika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sifat_fisika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Sifat fisika </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sifat_fisika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sifat_kimia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sifat_kimia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Sifat kimia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sifat_kimia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Isotop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Sejarah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keberadaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keberadaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Keberadaan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keberadaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produksi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produksi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Produksi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produksi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Aplikasi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Aplikasi </button> <ul id="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baterai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baterai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Baterai </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baterai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penyepuhan_elektrik_(electroplating)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penyepuhan_elektrik_(electroplating)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Penyepuhan elektrik (electroplating) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penyepuhan_elektrik_(electroplating)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fisi_nuklir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fisi_nuklir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Fisi nuklir </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fisi_nuklir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Senyawa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senyawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikasi_laboratorium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikasi_laboratorium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Aplikasi laboratorium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aplikasi_laboratorium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sensor_selektif_kadmium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sensor_selektif_kadmium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Sensor selektif kadmium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sensor_selektif_kadmium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peran_biologis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peran_biologis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Peran biologis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peran_biologis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lingkungan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lingkungan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Lingkungan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lingkungan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keselamatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keselamatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Keselamatan </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Keselamatan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Keselamatan </button> <ul id="toc-Keselamatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regulasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Regulasi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penarikan_produk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penarikan_produk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Penarikan produk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penarikan_produk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Lihat juga </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Referensi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Bacaan lebih lanjut </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Pranala luar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gulingkan daftar isi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Kadmium</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 147 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" > 147 bahasa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%9A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ካድሚየም – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካድሚየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="كادميوم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كادميوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="كادميوم – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كادميوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="كادميوم – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كادميوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cadmiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmyo" title="Kadmyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kadmyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Кадмій – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кадмій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC" title="Кадм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кадм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="कैडमियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कैडमियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ক্যাডমিয়াম – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্যাডমিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁེ་ཌི་ནིམ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁེ་ཌི་ནིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiom" title="Kadmiom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kadmiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmij" title="Kadmij – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kadmij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cadmi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1ik_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Gáik (gĭng-sṳ̆k) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gáik (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmyo" title="Kadmyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kadmyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="کادمیۆم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کادمیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cadmiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiwm" title="Cadmiwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cadmiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Κάδμιο – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάδμιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmio" title="Kadmio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kadmio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaadmium" title="Kaadmium – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaadmium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmio" title="Kadmio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kadmio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="کادمیم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کادمیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cadmi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caidmiam" title="Caidmiam – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Caidmiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="કેડમિયમ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કેડમિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="קדמיום – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קדמיום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="कैडमियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कैडमियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmij" title="Kadmij – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kadmij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmy%C3%B2m" title="Kadmyòm – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kadmyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Կադմիում – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կադմիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmio" title="Kadmio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kadmio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadm%C3%ADn" title="Kadmín – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kadmín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%9F%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="カドミウム – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カドミウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrkadmu" title="jinmrkadmu – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrkadmu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="კადმიუმი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კადმიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kad%C9%A9m%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Kadɩmɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kadɩmɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82" title="ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಮಿಯಂ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ಯಾಡ್ಮಿಯಂ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%93%9C%EB%AE%B4" title="카드뮴 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카드뮴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiy%C3%BBm" title="Kadmiyûm – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kadmiyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiom" title="Kadmiom – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kadmiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadimiyaamu(Cadmium)" title="Kadimiyaamu(Cadmium) – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kadimiyaamu(Cadmium)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmis" title="Kadmis – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kadmis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmijs" title="Kadmijs – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kadmijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Кадми – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кадми" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmi%C3%B4ma" title="Kadmiôma – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kadmiôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кадмиум – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кадмиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="കാഡ്മിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാഡ്മിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Кадми – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кадми" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯀꯦꯗꯃꯤꯌꯝ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯦꯗꯃꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="कॅडमियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॅडमियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ကတ်မီယမ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကတ်မီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्याड्मियम – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्याड्मियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्याड्मियम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="क्याड्मियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cadmi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmii" title="Kadmii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kadmii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="କ୍ୟାଡ଼ମିଅମ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କ୍ୟାଡ଼ମିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਕੈਡਮੀਅਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੈਡਮੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="क्याड्मियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="क्याड्मियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadm" title="Kadm – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kadm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmio" title="Cadmio – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cadmio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="کیڈمیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیڈمیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="کادميوم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کادميوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1dmio" title="Cádmio – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cádmio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katmiyu" title="Katmiyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Katmiyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cadmiu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Cadmiu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="केडमियम् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="केडमियम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0dmiu" title="Càdmiu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Càdmiu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cadmiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmijum" title="Kadmijum – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kadmijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmij" title="Kadmij – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kadmij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaadmiyaam" title="Kaadmiyaam – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kaadmiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiumi" title="Kadmiumi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kadmiumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кадмијум – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кадмијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadimi" title="Cadimi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Cadimi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="காட்மியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காட்மியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="కాడ్మియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాడ్మియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="แคดเมียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคดเมียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiyo" title="Kadmiyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kadmiyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiyum" title="Kadmiyum – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kadmiyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кадмий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%89%D9%8A" title="كادمىي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كادمىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Кадмій – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кадмій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="کیڈمیئم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیڈمیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmiy" title="Kadmiy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kadmiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmii" title="Kadmii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kadmii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmi" title="Cadmi – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cadmi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmyo" title="Cadmyo – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cadmyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="镉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кадмиум – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Кадмиум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="קאדמיום – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאדמיום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kadmium" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="镉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%98" title="鎘 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鎘" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Cadmium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%98" title="鎘 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鎘" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmKhathofi" title="UmKhathofi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmKhathofi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1091#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Kadmium" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k">Perubahan terkait</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q">Halaman istimewa</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&oldid=23831843" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini">Pranala permanen</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini">Informasi halaman</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Kadmium&id=23831843&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini">Kutip halaman ini</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKadmium">Lihat URL pendek</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKadmium">Unduh kode QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kadmium">Buat buku</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kadmium&action=show-download-screen">Unduh versi PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p">Versi cetak</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1091" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g">Butir di Wikidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333552">.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-station{width:25.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{width:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="background:lightgray;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="float:right;display:inline;background:lightgray;font-size:150%;">48Cd</div>Kadmium</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg/220px-Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg/330px-Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg/440px-Cadmium-crystal_bar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5220" data-file-height="3378" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Batang kristal dan kubus kadmium 1 cm3</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background:black"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png/220px-Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png/330px-Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png/440px-Cadmium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a> </div><div class="infobox-caption">Garis spektrum kadmium</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat umum</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Pengucapan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">/kadmium/<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Penampilan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">metalik abu-abu kebiruan keperakan</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Kadmium dalam <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:185px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Media:Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg" title="Media:Electron shell 048 Cadmium.svg"><img alt="Perbesar gambar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg/50px-Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg/75px-Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg/100px-Electron_shell_048_Cadmium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:140px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"> 48Cd</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0; background:#f8f8f8;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:5px"><div style="background-color:transparent; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center; border:none;"> <table style="empty-cells:hidden; border:none; padding:0; border-spacing:1px; border-collapse:separate; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Berilium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">Boron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">Karbon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">Oksigen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluor">Fluor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Silikon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clor (halaman belum tersedia)">Clor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Potasium" class="mw-redirect" title="Potasium">Potasium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Skandium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">Vanadium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium">Chromium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Nikel</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selen (halaman belum tersedia)">Selen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Bromin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kripton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" class="mw-redirect" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Yttrium">Yttrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Zirconium">Zirconium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" class="mw-redirect" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Technetium">Technetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthenium">Ruthenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladium">Palladium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver">Silver</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimony">Antimony</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tellurium">Tellurium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodine">Iodine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none;padding:0;"> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesium">Caesium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerium">Cerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Praseodymium">Praseodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodymium">Neodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" class="mw-redirect" title="Promethium">Promethium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Samarium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Europium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Terbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysprosium">Dysprosium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Holmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Erbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thulium">Thulium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ytterbium">Ytterbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutetium">Lutetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hafnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Tantalum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhenium">Rhenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Iridium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" class="mw-redirect" title="Platinum">Platinum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold">Gold</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury (element)</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead">Lead</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismuth">Bismuth</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Astatine">Astatine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" class="mw-redirect" title="Francium">Francium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinium">Actinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorium">Thorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Protactinium">Protactinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Neptunium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" class="mw-redirect" title="Americium">Americium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" class="mw-redirect" title="Curium">Curium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Berkelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" class="mw-redirect" title="Californium">Californium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fermium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Mendelevium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">Nobelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrencium">Lawrencium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Meitnerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Roentgenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicium">Copernicium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nihonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Flerovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium">Moscovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Livermorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessine">Tennessine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Zn</a> ↑ Cd ↓ <a href="/wiki/Raksa" title="Raksa">Hg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">perak</a> ← kadmium → <a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">indium</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Templat:Navbox_unsur_diperbesar" title="Templat:Navbox unsur diperbesar">Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">Nomor atom</a> (Z)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">48</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Golongan_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golongan (tabel periodik)">Golongan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">golongan 12</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">Periode</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)#Periode_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">periode 5</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Blok_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok (tabel periodik)">Blok</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Blok-d" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-d">blok-d</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nama_kategori_unsur_kimia#Kategori" title="Nama kategori unsur kimia">Kategori unsur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">  <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a>, kadang dianggap sebagai <a href="/wiki/Logam_miskin" title="Logam miskin">logam miskin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Berat_atom_standar" class="mw-redirect" title="Berat atom standar">Berat atom standar</a> (Ar)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>112,414±0,004</li><li>112,41±0,01 (diringkas)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">Konfigurasi elektron</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">[<a href="/wiki/Krypton" class="mw-redirect" title="Krypton">Kr</a>] 5s2 4d10 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kelopak_elektron" title="Kelopak elektron">Elektron per kelopak</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2, 8, 18, 18, 2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat fisik</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Fase_benda" title="Fase benda">Fase</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Temperatur_dan_tekanan_standar" title="Temperatur dan tekanan standar">STS</a> (0 °C dan 101,325 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(satuan)" title="Pascal (satuan)">kPa</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Padat" title="Padat">padat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur">Titik lebur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">594,22 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (321,07 °C, 609,93 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_didih" title="Titik didih">Titik didih</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">1040 K (767 °C, 1413 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">Kepadatan</a> mendekati <a href="/wiki/Suhu_kamar" title="Suhu kamar">s.k.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">8,65 g/cm3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">saat cair, pada <abbr title="titik lebur">t.l.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">7,996 g/cm3 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kalor_peleburan" title="Kalor peleburan">Kalor peleburan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">6,21 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mol" title="Joule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Entalpi_penguapan" title="Entalpi penguapan">Kalor penguapan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">99,87 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kapasitas_kalor" title="Kapasitas kalor">Kapasitas kalor molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">26,020 J/(mol·K) </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Tekanan_uap" title="Tekanan uap">Tekanan uap</a><div style="margin:0 auto;"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><abbr title="Suhu (Pascal)">P</abbr> (Pa) </th> <th>1 </th> <th>10 </th> <th>100 </th> <th>1 k </th> <th>10 k </th> <th>100 k </th></tr> <tr> <th>pada <abbr title="Suhu (Kelvin)">T</abbr> (K) </th> <td>530 </td> <td>583 </td> <td>654 </td> <td>745 </td> <td>867 </td> <td>1040 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat atom</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Bilangan_oksidasi" title="Bilangan oksidasi">Bilangan oksidasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">−2, +1, +2 (oksida agak <a href="/wiki/Basa" title="Basa">basa</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas" title="Elektronegativitas">Elektronegativitas</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">Skala Pauling: 1,69 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi" title="Energi ionisasi">Energi ionisasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">ke-1: 867,8 kJ/mol ke-2: 1631,4 kJ/mol ke-3: 3616 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_atom" title="Jari-jari atom">Jari-jari atom</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">empiris: 151 <a href="/wiki/Pikometer" title="Pikometer">pm</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_kovalen" title="Jari-jari kovalen">Jari-jari kovalen</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">144±9 pm </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_van_der_Waals" title="Jari-jari van der Waals">Jari-jari van der Waals</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">158 pm </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Lain-lain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Kelimpahan alami</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Nuklida_primordial" title="Nuklida primordial">primordial</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Struktur_kristal" title="Struktur kristal">Struktur kristal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Susunan_padat_bola_serupa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Susunan padat bola serupa (halaman belum tersedia)">susunan padat heksagon</a> (hcp)<div style="float:right;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Hexagonal_close_packed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Struktur kristal Hexagonal close packed untuk kadmium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hexagonal_close_packed.svg/50px-Hexagonal_close_packed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hexagonal_close_packed.svg/75px-Hexagonal_close_packed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Hexagonal_close_packed.svg/100px-Hexagonal_close_packed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="307" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kecepatan_suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecepatan suara">Kecepatan suara</a> batang ringan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2310 m/s (suhu 20 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Pemuaian" title="Pemuaian">Ekspansi kalor</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">30,8 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal">Konduktivitas termal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">96,6 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Resistivitas_listrik" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistivitas listrik">Resistivitas listrik</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">72,7 nΩ·m (suhu 22 °C)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Arah magnet</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Diamagnetik" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamagnetik">diamagnetik</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Suseptibilitas_magnetik" title="Suseptibilitas magnetik">Suseptibilitas magnetik molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">−19,8×10−6 cm3/mol<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_Young" title="Modulus Young">Modulus Young</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">50 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_geser" title="Modulus geser">Modulus Shear</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">19 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_kompresi" title="Modulus kompresi">Modulus curah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">42 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Rasio_Poisson" title="Rasio Poisson">Rasio Poisson</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">0,30 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Skala_Mohs" title="Skala Mohs">Skala Mohs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2,0 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Uji_kekerasan_Brinell" title="Uji kekerasan Brinell">Skala Brinell</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">203–220 MPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_CAS" title="Nomor CAS">Nomor CAS</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">7440-43-9 </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sejarah</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Penemuan_unsur_kimia" title="Penemuan unsur kimia">Penemuan</a> dan isolasi pertama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Samuel_Leberecht_Hermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann (halaman belum tersedia)">Karl S. L. Hermann</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Stromeyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Stromeyer (halaman belum tersedia)">F. Stromeyer</a> (1817)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Asal nama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">F. Stromeyer (1817)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_kadmium" title="Isotop kadmium">Isotop kadmium</a> yang utama</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="1" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_alami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelimpahan alami">Kelimpahan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">Waktu paruh</a> (t1/2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif#Mode_peluruhan" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">Mode peluruhan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan">Produk</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">106Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">1,25% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_stabil" class="mw-redirect" title="Isotop stabil">stabil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">107Cd </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_sintetis" title="Radioisotop sintetis">sintetis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,5 jam </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Penangkapan_elektron" class="mw-redirect" title="Penangkapan elektron">ε</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Perak-107" class="mw-redirect" title="Perak-107">107Ag</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">108Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">0,89% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">109Cd </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">462,6 hri </td> <td>ε </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Perak-109" class="mw-redirect" title="Perak-109">109Ag</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">110Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">12,47% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">111Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">12,80% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">112Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">24,11% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">113Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right;">12,23% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,7×1015 thn </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Indium-113" class="mw-redirect" title="Indium-113">113In</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">113<a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir" title="Isomer nuklir">m</a>Cd </th> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">sintetis </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">14,1 thn </td> <td>β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;">113In </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Transisi_isomerik" class="mw-redirect" title="Transisi isomerik">IT</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium-113" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadmium-113">113Cd</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">114Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right">28,75% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">stabil </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">115Cd </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">53,46 jam </td> <td>β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Indium-115" class="mw-redirect" title="Indium-115">115In</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">116Cd </th> <td style="text-align:right;">7,51% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,1×1019 thn </td> <td>β−β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Timah-116" class="mw-redirect" title="Timah-116">116Sn</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;"></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="border-top:1px dotted #ffc0c0; line-height:0.7"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_kadmium" title="Templat:Kotak info kadmium">lihat</a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">bicara</a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_kadmium&action=edit">sunting</a></li></ul></div>| <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements" class="extiw" title="en:List of data references for chemical elements">referensi</a> | <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091" class="extiw" title="d:Q1091">di Wikidata</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Kadmium adalah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Lambang_unsur" title="Lambang unsur">lambang</a> Cd dan <a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">nomor atom</a> 48. Logam lunak dan putih kebiruan ini secara kimiawi serupa dengan dua logam stabil lainnya pada <a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">golongan 12</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">seng</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Raksa_(unsur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raksa (unsur)">raksa</a>. Seperti halnya seng, Cd lebih menyukai <a href="/wiki/Tingkat_oksidasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingkat oksidasi">tingkat oksidasi</a> +2 dalam sebagian besar senyawa dan, seperti raksa, ia menunjukkan <a href="/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur">titik lebur</a> yang rendah dibandingkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a> pada umumnya. Kadmium dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongener_(kimia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongener (kimia) (halaman belum tersedia)">kongenernya</a> tidak selalu dianggap sebagai logam transisi, karena logam tersebut tidak memiliki kulit elektron d atau f yang terisi sebagian atau seluruhnya, baik dalam bentuk unsur maupun dalam tingkat oksidasi umumnya. Konsentrasi kadmium rata-rata dalam kerak bumi adalah antara 0,1 dan 0,5 bagian per juta (ppm). Cd ditemukan pada tahun 1817 secara simultan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Stromeyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Stromeyer (halaman belum tersedia)">Stromeyer</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Samuel_Leberecht_Hermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann (halaman belum tersedia)">Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann</a>, keduanya di Jerman, sebagai ketakmurnian dalam <a href="/wiki/Seng_karbonat" class="mw-redirect" title="Seng karbonat">seng karbonat</a>. Kadmium terdapat sebagai komponen minor di sebagian besar bijih seng dan oleh karena itu merupakan hasil sampingan dari produksi seng. Kadmium telah digunakan sejak lama sebagai lapisan tahan korosi pada <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a>, sementara senyawa kadmium digunakan sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigmen_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigmen kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">pigmen</a> merah, oranye dan kuning, untuk mewarnai <a href="/wiki/Kaca_berwarna" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaca berwarna">kaca</a> dan untuk menstabilkan <a href="/wiki/Plastik" title="Plastik">plastik</a>. Penggunaan kadmium umumnya menurun karena <a href="/wiki/Toksisitas" title="Toksisitas">toksisitasnya</a>. (Hal ini secara khusus tercantum dalam <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROHS" class="extiw" title="en:ROHS">Pembatasan Bahan Berbahaya</a> Eropa<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a>) dan penggantian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel-kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel-kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">baterai nikel-kadmium</a> dengan baterai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel-metal_hidrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel-metal hidrida (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel-metal hidrida</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_ion_lithium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai ion lithium (halaman belum tersedia)">ion lithium</a>. Salah satu dari sedikit manfaat barunya adalah <a href="/wiki/Panel_surya" title="Panel surya">panel surya</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_telurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium telurida (halaman belum tersedia)">kadmium telurida</a>. Meskipun kadmium tidak diketahui memiliki fungsi biologis pada organisme yang lebih tinggi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbonat_anhidrase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbonat anhidrase (halaman belum tersedia)">karbonat anhidrase</a> yang tergantung pada kadmium telah ditemukan di <a href="/wiki/Diatom" title="Diatom">diatom</a> laut. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karakteristik">Karakteristik</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Karakteristik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karakteristik">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sifat_fisika">Sifat fisika</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sifat fisika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sifat fisika">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Kadmium adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Logam" title="Logam">logam</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bivalen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bivalen (halaman belum tersedia)">bivalen</a> yang lunak, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dapat_ditempa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dapat ditempa (halaman belum tersedia)">dapat ditempa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elastis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elastis (halaman belum tersedia)">elastis</a>, dan berwarna putih kebiruan. Ia serupa dalam banyak hal seperti seng kecuali dalam hal pembentukan senyawa <a href="/wiki/Kompleks_(kimia)" title="Kompleks (kimia)">kompleks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Holl-5">[5]</a> Tidak seperti kebanyakan logam lainnya, kadmium tahan terhadap <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a>, oleh karena itu digunakan sebagai lapisan pelindung ketik diendapkan pada logam lain. Dalam bentuk logam curah, kadmium bersifat <a href="/wiki/Kelarutan" title="Kelarutan">tak larut</a> dalam air dan tidak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemudahbakaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kemudahbakaran (halaman belum tersedia)">mudah terbakar</a>; namun, dalam bentuk serbuknya, ia dapat terbakar dan melepaskan asap beracun.<a href="#cite_note-ATSDR-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sifat_kimia">Sifat kimia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Sifat kimia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sifat kimia">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <div class="hatnote selfreference">Lihat juga: <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Senyawa_kadmium" title="Kategori:Senyawa kadmium">Kategori:Senyawa kadmium</a>.</div> Meskipun kadmium biasanya memiliki <a href="/wiki/Tingkat_oksidasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingkat oksidasi">tingkat oksidasi</a> +2, ia juga hadir dengan tingkat oksidasi +1. Kadmium dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongener_(chemistry)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongener (chemistry) (halaman belum tersedia)">kongenernya</a> tidak selalu dianggap logam transisi, karena ia tidak memiliki kulit elektron d atau f yang terisi sebagian atau seluruhnya, baik dalam bentuk unsur maupun dalam tingkat oksidasi umumnya.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Kadmium terbakar di udara membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">kadmium oksida</a> (CdO) yang amorf dan berwarna coklat; <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristal</a> yang terbentuk dari senyawa ini berwarna merah tua yang berubah warna saat dipanaskan, sama seperti <a href="/wiki/Seng_oksida" title="Seng oksida">seng oksida</a>. <a href="/wiki/Asam_klorida" title="Asam klorida">Asam klorida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_nitrat" title="Asam nitrat">asam nitrat</a> melarutkan kadmium dengan membentuk <a href="/wiki/Kadmium_klorida" title="Kadmium klorida">kadmium klorida</a> (CdCl2), <a href="/wiki/Kadmium_sulfat" title="Kadmium sulfat">kadmium sulfat</a> (CdSO4), atau <a href="/wiki/Kadmium_nitrat" title="Kadmium nitrat">kadmium nitrat</a> (Cd(NO3)2). Tingkat oksidasi +1 dapat diperoleh dengan melarutkan kadmium dalam campuran kadmium klorida dan <a href="/wiki/Aluminium_klorida" title="Aluminium klorida">aluminium klorida</a>, membentuk kation Cd2+2, mirip seperti kation Hg2+2 dalam <a href="/wiki/Raksa(I)_klorida" title="Raksa(I) klorida">raksa(I) klorida</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Holl-5">[5]</a> <dl><dd>Cd + CdCl + 2 AlCl → Cd</dd></dl> Kebanyakan Struktur kompleks kadmium dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nukleobase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nukleobase (halaman belum tersedia)">nukleobase</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asam_amino" title="Asam amino">asam amino</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">vitamin</a> telah ditentukan.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotop">Isotop</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Isotop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Isotop">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cadmium_cutoff.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cadmium_cutoff.png/220px-Cadmium_cutoff.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cadmium_cutoff.png/330px-Cadmium_cutoff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cadmium_cutoff.png/440px-Cadmium_cutoff.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Penampang total cadmium-113 dengan jelas menunjukkan kadmium cut-off</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Isotop_kadmium" title="Isotop kadmium">Isotop kadmium</a></div> Kadmium yang terjadi secara alami terdiri dari 8 <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a>. Dua di antaranya bersifat <a href="/wiki/Radionuklida" title="Radionuklida">radioaktif</a>, dan tiga di antaranya diperkirakan mengalami <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">peluruhan</a> namun kebenarannya belum dikonfirmasi secara eksperimental. Dua isotop radioaktif alami adalah 113Cd (<a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">peluruhan beta</a>, dengan waktu paruh 7,7 × 1015 tahun) dan 116Cd (dua neutrino <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peluruhan_beta_ganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peluruhan beta ganda (halaman belum tersedia)">peluruhan beta ganda</a>, dengan waktu paruh 2,9 × 1019 tahun). Tiga lainnya adalah 106Cd, 108Cd (keduanya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penangkapan_elektron_ganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penangkapan elektron ganda (halaman belum tersedia)">penangkapan elektron ganda</a>), dan 114Cd (peluruhan beta ganda); hanya batas bawah waktu paruh mereka telah ditetapkan. Setidaknya ada tiga isotop stabil – 110Cd, 111Cd, dan 112Cd . Di antara isotop yang tidak terjadi secara alami, yang paling berumur panjang adalah 109Cd dengan waktu paruh 462,6 hari, dan 115Cd dengan waktu paruh 53,46 jam. Semua isotop radioaktif yang tersisa memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 2,5 jam, dan sebagian besar memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 5 menit. Kadmium memiliki 8 <a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir" title="Isomer nuklir">isomer nuklir</a> yang diketahui, yang paling stabil adalah 113mCd (t1/2 = 14,1 tahun), 115mCd (t1/2 = 44,6 hari), dan 117mCd (t1/2 = 3,36 jam).<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE-9">[9]</a> Isotop kadmium yang dikenal berada dalam rentang <a href="/wiki/Massa_atom" title="Massa atom">massa atom</a> antara 94,950 <a href="/wiki/Satuan_massa_atom" class="mw-redirect" title="Satuan massa atom">u</a> (95Cd) dan 131,946 u (132Cd). Untuk isotop yang lebih ringan dari 112 u, <a href="/wiki/Mode_peluruhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mode peluruhan">mode peluruhan</a> utama adalah <a href="/wiki/Tangkapan_elektron" title="Tangkapan elektron">tangkapan elektron</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan">produk peluruhan</a> dominan adalah unsur 47 (<a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">perak</a>). Isotop yang lebih berat sebagian besar meluruh melalui <a href="/wiki/Emisi_beta" class="mw-redirect" title="Emisi beta">emisi beta</a> yang menghasilkan unsur 49 (<a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">indium</a>).<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE-9">[9]</a> Satu isotop kadmium, 113Cd, Menyerap neutron dengan probabilitas sangat tinggi jika mereka memiliki energi di bawah kadmium cut-off dan mentransmisikannya sebaliknya. Kadmium cut-off sekitar 0,5 eV. Neutron dengan energi di bawah cut-off dianggap neutron lambat, membedakannya dari neutron menengah dan cepat.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Kadmium dibuat melalui <a href="/wiki/Proses_s" title="Proses s">proses s</a> yang panjang di bintang bermassa rendah-sedang dengan massa 0,6 sampai 10 kali <a href="/wiki/Matahari" title="Matahari">massa matahari</a>, yang berlangsung selama ribuan tahun. Ini membutuhkan atom <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">perak</a> untuk menangkap <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutron</a> dan kemudian mengalami <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">peluruhan beta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg/170px-Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg/255px-Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg/340px-Friedrich_Stromeyer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Stromeyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Stromeyer (halaman belum tersedia)">Friedrich Stromeyer</a></figcaption></figure> Kadmium (<a href="/wiki/Latin" class="mw-disambig" title="Latin">Latin</a> cadmia, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">Yunani</a> καδμεία berarti "<a href="/wiki/Kalamin" title="Kalamin">kalamin</a>", suatu mineral yang mengandung kadmium, yang dinamai menurut karakter <a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Yunani" title="Mitologi Yunani">mitologi Yunani</a> Κάδμος, <a href="/wiki/Cadmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a>, pendiri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thebes_Kuno_(Boeotia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thebes Kuno (Boeotia) (halaman belum tersedia)">Thebes</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penemuan_unsur-unsur_kimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penemuan unsur-unsur kimia (halaman belum tersedia)">ditemukan</a> secara simultan pada tahun 1817 oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Stromeyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Stromeyer (halaman belum tersedia)">Friedrich Stromeyer</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Samuel_Leberecht_Hermann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann (halaman belum tersedia)">Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann</a>, keduanya di <a href="/wiki/Jerman" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>, sebagai ketakmurnian dalam seng karbonat.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a> Stromeyer menemukan unsur baru sebagai pengotor pada <a href="/wiki/Seng_karbonat" class="mw-redirect" title="Seng karbonat">seng karbonat</a> (kalamin), dan, selama 100 tahun, Jerman menjadi satu-satunya produsen logam penting ini. Logam itu dinamai menurut kata Latin untuk kalamin, karena ditemukan di senyawa seng ini. Stromeyer mencatat bahwa beberapa sampel kalamin yang tidak murni berubah warna saat dipanaskan, tetapi tidak untuk kalamin murni. Dia gigih dalam mempelajari hasil ini dan akhirnya mengisolasi logam kadmium dengan cara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembakaran_(metalurgi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembakaran (metalurgi) (halaman belum tersedia)">pembakaran</a> dan reduksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_sulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium sulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">sulfidanya</a>. Kemungkinan untuk menggunakan kadmium kuning seperti pigmen mulai dikenali pada tahun 1840-an namun kekurangan kadmium membatasi aplikasi ini.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cadold-15">[15]</a> Meskipun kadmium dan senyawanya mungkin beracun dalam bentuk dan konsentrasi tertentu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Pharmaceutical_Codex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Pharmaceutical Codex (halaman belum tersedia)">British Pharmaceutical Codex</a>, sejak tahun 1907, menyatakan bahwa <a href="/wiki/Kadmium_iodida" title="Kadmium iodida">kadmium iodida</a> digunakan sebagai suatu <a href="/wiki/Pengobatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengobatan">pengobatan</a> untuk mengobati "pembesaran sendi, kelainan kelenjar, dan jari dingin".<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Pada tahun 1907, <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a> mendefinisikan satuan internasional <a href="/wiki/%C3%85ngstr%C3%B6m" title="Ångström">ångström</a> sebagai garis spektra kadmium merah (1 panjang gelombang = 6438,46963 Å).<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Ini diadopsi oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Conference_on_Weights_and_Measures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Conference on Weights and Measures (halaman belum tersedia)">General Conference on Weights and Measures</a> ke-7 pada tahun 1927. Pada tahun 1960, definisi dari <a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">meter</a> dan ångström diubah menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Krypton" class="mw-redirect" title="Krypton">krypton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Setelah produksi skala industri kadmium dimulai pada tahun 1930-an dan 1940-an, aplikasi utama kadmium adalah sebagai pelapis besi dan baja untuk mencegah korosi. Di Amerika Serikat, penggunaan kadmium untuk pelapisan mencapai 62% pada tahun 1944, dan 59% pada tahun 1956.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-YB1956-20">[20]</a> Pada tahun 1956, 24% kadmium yang digunakan di Amerika Serikat digunakan untuk aplikasi kedua, yaitu untuk pigmen merah, jingga dan kuning berdasarkan sulfida dan selenida kadmium.<a href="#cite_note-YB1956-20">[20]</a> Efek menstabilkan zat kimia yang mengandung kadmium seperti kadmium karboksilat dan kadmium stearat pada PVC menyebabkan peningkatan penggunaan senyawa tersebut pada tahun 1970-an dan 1980-an. Penggunaan kadmium dalam aplikasi seperti pigmen, pelapis, stabilisator dan paduan menurun karena peraturan lingkungan dan kesehatan pada tahun 1980-an dan 1990-an. Pada tahun 2006, hanya 7% dari total konsumsi kadmium yang digunakan untuk pelapisan dan hanya 10% yang digunakan untuk pigmen.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a> Penurunan konsumsi pada aplikasi lain disebabkan oleh meningkatnya permintaan kadmium pada baterai nikel-kadmium, yang menyumbang 81% konsumsi kadmium di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 2006.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keberadaan">Keberadaan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Keberadaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keberadaan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg/220px-CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg/330px-CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/CadmiumMetalUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="411" /></a><figcaption>Logam kadmium</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Mineral_kadmium" title="Kategori:Mineral kadmium">Kategori:Mineral kadmium</a></div> Kadmium menyusun sekitar 0,1 <a href="/wiki/Bagian_per_juta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagian per juta">ppm</a> <a href="/wiki/Kerak_bumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerak bumi">kerak bumi</a>. Dibandingkan dengan seng yang melimpah (65 ppm), kadmium termasuk jarang.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Tidak ada deposit bijih kadmium penting yang diketahui. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenockite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenockite (halaman belum tersedia)">Greenockite</a> (Cd<a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang">S</a>), satu-satunya <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a> kadmium yang penting, hampir selalu dikaitkan dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sphalerite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sphalerite (halaman belum tersedia)">sphalerite</a> (ZnS). Hubungan ini disebabkan oleh kesamaan geokimia antara seng dan kadmium yang membuat pemisahan geologi tidak mungkin terjadi. Sebagai konsekuensinya, kadmium diproduksi terutama sebagai produk sampingan dari proses pertambangan, peleburan, dan pemurnian bijih sulfida seng, dan pada tingkat yang lebih rendah, <a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">timbal</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">tembaga</a>. Sejumlah kecil kadmium, sekitar 10% konsumsi, dihasilkan dari sumber sekunder, terutama dari debu yang dihasilkan dari daur ulang besi dan skrap baja. Produksi di Amerika Serikat dimulai pada tahun 1907,<a href="#cite_note-Cadold-15">[15]</a> tetapi kadmium baru digunakan secara luas pasca Perang Dunia I.<a href="#cite_note-price-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-24">[24]</a> Satu tempat di mana kadmium logam dapat ditemukan adalah <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Vilyuy" title="Sungai Vilyuy">sungai Vilyuy</a> di <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Batu yang ditambang untuk menghasilkan pupuk fosfat mengandung jumlah kadmium yang bervariasi, dengan konsentrasi kadmium hingga 300 mg/kg dalam pupuk fosfat yang diproduksi, kandungan kadmium dalam tanah pertanian juga tinggi.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Batubara dapat mengandung kadmium dalam jumlah besar, yang sebagian besar berakhir pada debu buangan.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produksi">Produksi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Produksi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Produksi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Geological Survey (halaman belum tersedia)">British Geological Survey</a> melaporkan bahwa pada tahun 2001, China adalah produsen kadmium papan atas, memproduksi hampir seperenam dari pangsa dunia, diikuti oleh Korea Selatan dan <a href="/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang">Jepang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Kadmium adalah ketakmurnian umum dalam bijih <a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">seng</a>, dan merupakan yang paling sering diisolasi selama produksi seng. Beberapa bijih seng yang dipekatkan dari bijih seng sulfida mengandung 1,4% kadmium.<a href="#cite_note-Cd-Trend-30">[30]</a> Pada 1970-an, produksi kadmium adalah 65 pon (29 kg) per ton seng.<a href="#cite_note-Cd-Trend-30">[30]</a> Bijih seng <a href="/wiki/Sulfida" title="Sulfida">sulfida</a> dipanggang dengan adanya <a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">oksigen</a>, mengubah seng sulfida menjadi <a href="/wiki/Oksida" title="Oksida">oksida</a>. Logam seng diproduksi dengan cara <a href="/wiki/Peleburan" class="mw-redirect" title="Peleburan">melebur</a> oksidanya dengan <a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">karbon</a> atau dengan cara <a href="/wiki/Elektrolisis" title="Elektrolisis">elektrolisis</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a>. Kadmium diisolasi dari logam seng dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distilasi_vakum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distilasi vakum (halaman belum tersedia)">distilasi vakum</a> jika seng dilelehkan, atau kadmium sulfat <a href="/wiki/Presipitasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Presipitasi">diendapkan</a> dari larutan elektrolisis.<a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Trend produksi dunia"><img alt="Trend produksi dunia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg/200px-Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg/300px-Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg/400px-Cadmium_-_world_production_trend.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="590" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Trend produksi dunia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2005cadmium.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Produksi kadmium pada tahun 2005"><img alt="Produksi kadmium pada tahun 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2005cadmium.PNG/200px-2005cadmium.PNG" decoding="async" width="200" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2005cadmium.PNG/300px-2005cadmium.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2005cadmium.PNG/400px-2005cadmium.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Produksi kadmium pada tahun 2005</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikasi">Aplikasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Aplikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aplikasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Kadmium memiliki banyak kegunaan di bidang industri seperti, komponen kunci dalam produksi baterai, sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigmen_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigmen kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">pigmen kadmium</a>,<a href="#cite_note-colors-32">[32]</a> proses pelapisan,<a href="#cite_note-fff-33">[33]</a> dan biasa digunakan pada penyepuhan elektrik.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baterai">Baterai</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Baterai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Baterai">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:NiCd_various.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NiCd_various.jpg/220px-NiCd_various.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NiCd_various.jpg/330px-NiCd_various.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NiCd_various.jpg/440px-NiCd_various.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>Baterai Ni-Cd</figcaption></figure> Pada tahun 2009, 86% kadmium digunakan di <a href="/wiki/Baterai" class="mw-redirect" title="Baterai">baterai</a>, terutama dalam <a href="/wiki/Baterai_isi_ulang" title="Baterai isi ulang">baterai isi ulang</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_nikel-kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai nikel-kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel-kadmium</a>. Sel nikel-kadmium memiliki potensi sel 1,2 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a>. Sel terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Elektrode" title="Elektrode">elektrode</a> positif <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikel_hidroksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikel hidroksida (halaman belum tersedia)">nikel hidroksida</a> dan sebuah pelat kadmium sebagai elektrode negatif yang dipisahkan oleh elektrolit <a href="/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali">alkali</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kalium_hidroksida" title="Kalium hidroksida">kalium hidroksida</a>).<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Uni Eropa menetapkan batas penggunaan kadmium yang diizinkan dalam elektronika pada tahun 2004 maksimal 0,01%,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> dengan beberapa pengecualian, namun mengurangi kandungan kadmium yang diizinkan dalam baterai menjadi 0,002%.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penyepuhan_elektrik_(electroplating)">Penyepuhan elektrik (electroplating)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Penyepuhan elektrik (electroplating)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penyepuhan elektrik (electroplating)">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CdSeqdots.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CdSeqdots.jpg/220px-CdSeqdots.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CdSeqdots.jpg/330px-CdSeqdots.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CdSeqdots.jpg/440px-CdSeqdots.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1636" /></a><figcaption>Gambar dan spektrum yanf mewakili <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fotoluminesensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fotoluminesensi (halaman belum tersedia)">fotoluminesensi</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quantun_dot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quantun dot (halaman belum tersedia)">quantun dot</a> koloid CdSe</figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyepuhan_elektrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyepuhan elektrik (halaman belum tersedia)">Penyepuhan elektrik</a> kadmium, yang menghabiskan 6% dari produksi global, dapat ditemukan di industri pesawat terbang karena kemampuannya untuk menahan <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a> ketika diterapkan pada komponen baja.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a> Lapisan ini dipasifkan menggunakan garam <a href="/wiki/Kromat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kromat">kromat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fff-33">[33]</a> Keterbatasan pelapisan kadmium adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perapuhan_hidrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perapuhan hidrogen (halaman belum tersedia)">perapuhan hidrogen</a> pada baja berregangan tinggi yang disebabkan oleh proses penyepuhan elektrik. Oleh karena itu, bagian baja yang diolah-panas dengan kekuatan tarik di atas 1300 MPa (200 ksi) harus dilapisi dengan metode alternatif (seperti proses penyepuhan elektrik khusus dengan kadmium perapuhan rendah, atau deposisi uap fisika). Selain itu, perapuhan titanium yang disebabkan oleh residu alat berlapis cadmium mengakibatkan alat ini disingkirkan dari program A-12 / SR-71 dan U-2, (bersamaan dengan program pengujian alat secara rutin untuk mendeteksi kontaminasi cadmium), dan program pesawat terbang berikutnya yang menggunakan titanium.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fisi_nuklir">Fisi nuklir</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Fisi nuklir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fisi nuklir">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Kadmium digunakan sebagai penghalang untuk mengendalikan neutron pada <a href="/wiki/Fisi_nuklir" title="Fisi nuklir">fisi nuklir</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_air_bertekanan" title="Reaktor air bertekanan">Reaktor air bertekanan</a> yang dirancang oleh <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Company" title="Westinghouse Electric Company">Westinghouse Electric Company</a> menggunakan paduan yang terdiri dari perak 80%, indium 15%, dan kadmium 5%.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senyawa">Senyawa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg/220px-Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg/330px-Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg/440px-Tyne_and_Wear_Metro_train_4001_at_Pelaw_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Kereta yang dicat dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigmen_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigmen kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">kadmium jingga</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadmium oksida</a> digunakan dalam fosfor televisi hitam-putih, dan dalam fosfor biru dan hijau untuk tabung televisi berwarna.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cadmium_sulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cadmium sulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">Cadmium sulfida</a> (CdS) digunakan sebagai lapisan permukaan fotokonduktif untuk tabung fotokopi.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cadmium_sulfide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cadmium_sulfide.jpg/100px-Cadmium_sulfide.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cadmium_sulfide.jpg/150px-Cadmium_sulfide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Cadmium_sulfide.jpg/200px-Cadmium_sulfide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Kadmium sulfida</figcaption></figure> Dalam pigmen cat, kadmium membentuk beragam <a href="/wiki/Garam_(kimia)" title="Garam (kimia)">garam</a>, dengan CdS adalah yang paling umum. Sulfida ini digunakan sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigmen_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigmen kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">pigmen kuning</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_selenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium selenida (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadmium selenida</a> dapat digunakan sebagai pigmen merah, biasa disebut kadmium merah. Bagi pelukis yang bekerja dengan pigmen, kadmium kuning, jingga, dan merah adalah warna yang paling cemerlang dan tahan lama. Sebenarnya, selama proses produksi, warna-warna ini dilunakkan secara signifikan sebelum dicampur dengan minyak dan pengikat, atau dicampur ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Cat_air" title="Cat air">cat air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gouache" class="mw-redirect" title="Gouache">gouache</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cat_akrilik" title="Cat akrilik">cat akrilik</a>, dan formulasi cat dan pigmen lainnya. Karena pigmen ini berpotensi racun, maka dianjurkan untuk menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krim_penghalang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krim penghalang (halaman belum tersedia)">krim penghalang</a> di tangan untuk mencegah penyerapan melalui kulit saat bekerja menggunakannya<a href="#cite_note-colors-32">[32]</a> meski jumlah kadmium yang diserap tubuh melalui kulit biasanya kurang dari 1%.<a href="#cite_note-ATSDR-6">[6]</a> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Polivinil_klorida" title="Polivinil klorida">PVC</a>, Kadmium digunakan sebagai penstabil panas, cahaya, dan pelapukan.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Saat ini, stabilisator kadmium telah sepenuhnya diganti dengan stabilisator barium-seng, kalsium-seng dan organo-timah. Kadmium digunakan dalam berbagai jenis <a href="/wiki/Solder" title="Solder">solder</a> dan paduan bantalan, karena <a href="/wiki/Koefisien_gesek" class="mw-redirect" title="Koefisien gesek">koefisien gesek</a> yang rendah dan ketahanannya terhadap kelelahan.<a href="#cite_note-HgCdPb-34">[34]</a> Ini juga ditemukan pada beberapa <a href="/wiki/Alloy" class="mw-redirect" title="Alloy">alloy</a> bertitik lebur rendah, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Logam_Wood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Logam Wood (halaman belum tersedia)">logam Wood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aplikasi_laboratorium">Aplikasi laboratorium</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Aplikasi laboratorium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aplikasi laboratorium">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:HeCd_laser.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/HeCd_laser.jpg/220px-HeCd_laser.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/HeCd_laser.jpg/330px-HeCd_laser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/HeCd_laser.jpg/440px-HeCd_laser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1452" data-file-height="1166" /></a><figcaption>Lampu violet dari uap logam kadmium <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> <a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">laser</a>. Warna yang sangat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monokromatik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monokromatik (halaman belum tersedia)">monokromatik</a> muncul dari transisi <a href="/wiki/Garis_spektra" class="mw-redirect" title="Garis spektra">spektrum</a> kadmium pada panjang gelombang 4411,563 nm.</figcaption></figure> Laser helium-kadmium adalah sumber umum sinar laser ultraviolet biru. Mereka beroperasi pada panjang gelombang 325 atau 422 nm dan digunakan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikroskop_fluoresensi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikroskop fluoresensi (halaman belum tersedia)">mikroskop fluoresensi</a> serta berbagai percobaan laboratorium.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Quantum_dot" class="mw-redirect" title="Quantum dot">Quantum dot</a> kadmium selenida memancarkan <a href="/wiki/Luminesensi" title="Luminesensi">luminesensi</a> terang di bawah eksitasi UV (laser He-Cd, misalnya). Warna luminesensi ini bisa berwarna hijau, kuning atau merah tergantung ukuran partikelnya. Larutan koloid dari partikel tersebut digunakan untuk pencitraan jaringan biologis dan larutan dengan menggunakan mikroskop fluoresensi.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Kadmium adalah komponen dari beberapa senyawa <a href="/wiki/Semikonduktor" title="Semikonduktor">semikonduktor</a>, seperti kadmium sulfida, kadmium selenida, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_telurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium telurida (halaman belum tersedia)">kadmium telurida</a>, yang dapat digunakan sebagai detektor cahaya atau <a href="/wiki/Sel_surya" title="Sel surya">sel surya</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=HgCdTe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HgCdTe (halaman belum tersedia)">HgCdTe</a> sensitif terhadap sinar <a href="/wiki/Inframerah" title="Inframerah">inframerah</a>, dan oleh karena itu dapat digunakan sebagai detektor inframerah atau saklar misalnya pada perangkat pengendali jarak jauh. Dalam biologi molekular, kadmium digunakan untuk memblokir saluran kalsium yang bergantung pada tegangan ion kalsium yang berfluktuasi, seperti pada penelitian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hipoksia_(medis)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hipoksia (medis) (halaman belum tersedia)">hipoksia</a> untuk merangsang degradasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faktor_yang_dapat_diinduksi_oleh_hipoksia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faktor yang dapat diinduksi oleh hipoksia (halaman belum tersedia)">Hif-1α</a> yang bergantung pada <a href="/wiki/Proteasom" title="Proteasom">proteasom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sensor_selektif_kadmium">Sensor selektif kadmium</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Sensor selektif kadmium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sensor selektif kadmium">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Sensor selektif kadmium berdasarkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluorofora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluorofora (halaman belum tersedia)">fluorofora</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=BODIPY&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BODIPY (halaman belum tersedia)">BODIPY</a> telah dikembangkan untuk pencitraan dan penginderaan kadmium dalam sel.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peran_biologis">Peran biologis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Peran biologis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Peran biologis">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Kadmium tidak diketahui memiliki peran berguna pada organisme yang lebih tinggi,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> namun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbonat_anhidrase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbonat anhidrase (halaman belum tersedia)">karbonat anhidrase</a> yang tergantung pada kadmium telah ditemukan pada beberapa <a href="/wiki/Diatom" title="Diatom">diatom</a> laut.<a href="#cite_note-Diatom-49">[49]</a> Diatom yang hidup dalam lingkungan dengan konsentrasi seng dan kadmium yang sangat rendah, melakukan fungsi yang biasanya dilakukan oleh seng dalam anhidrase lainnya. Penemuan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektroskopi fluoresensi sinar-X (XAFS).<a href="#cite_note-Diatom-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Konsentrasi tertinggi kadmium telah ditemukan diserap dalam ginjal manusia, dan sampai sekitar 30 mg kadmium umumnya dihirup oleh seluruh anak dan remaja.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Kadmium dapat digunakan untuk memblokir saluran kalsium dalam neuron ayam.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Telah ditinjau metode analisis untuk penentuan kadmium dalam sampel biologis.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lingkungan">Lingkungan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Lingkungan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lingkungan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Biogeokimia kadmium dan pelepasannya ke lingkungan telah menjadi bahan kajian, seperti spesiasi kadmium di lingkungan.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keselamatan">Keselamatan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Keselamatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keselamatan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keracunan_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keracunan kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">Keracunan kadmium</a></div> Telah ditinjau aspek toksisitas bioanorganik kadmium.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Bentuk paparan kerja paling berbahaya terhadap kadmium adalah menghirup debu halus dan asap, atau menelan senyawa kadmium yang sangat mudah larut.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a> Menghirup asap yang mengandung kadmium dapat mengakibatkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demam_asam_logam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demam asam logam (halaman belum tersedia)">demam asam logam</a> pada awalnya, namun mungkin berlanjut ke penyakit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pneumonitis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pneumonitis (halaman belum tersedia)">pneumonitis</a> kimia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edema_paru-paru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edema paru-paru (halaman belum tersedia)">edema paru-paru</a>, dan kematian.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Kadmium juga menyebabkan bahaya lingkungan. Eksposur manusia terhadap kadmium lingkungan terutama disebabkan oleh pembakaran bahan bakar fosil, pupuk fosfat, sumber daya alam, produksi besi dan baja, produksi semen dan kegiatan terkait, produksi logam non besi, dan insinerasi limbah padat kota.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a> Roti, tanaman akar, dan sayuran juga berkontribusi pada kadmium pada populasi modern.<a href="#cite_note-news.yahoo.com-58">[58]</a> Ada beberapa kasus keracunan umum akibat paparan kadmium jangka panjang akibat makanan dan air yang terkontaminasi, dan penelitian terus berlanjut mengenai mimikri estrogen yang dapat menyebabkan kanker payudara.<a href="#cite_note-news.yahoo.com-58">[58]</a> Dalam beberapa dasawarsa sebelum <a href="/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>, operasi penambangan mengkontaminasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sungai_Jinz%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sungai Jinzū (halaman belum tersedia)">sungai Jinzū</a> di Jepang dengan terdeteksinya kadmium dan jejak logam beracun lainnya. Sebagai konsekuensinya, kadmium terakumulasi pada tanaman padi yang tumbuh di sepanjang bantaran sungai bagian hilir tambang. Beberapa anggota komunitas pertanian lokal yang mengkonsumsi beras yang terkontaminasi menderita penyakit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itai-itai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itai-itai (halaman belum tersedia)">itai-itai</a> dan kelainan ginjal, termasuk <a href="/wiki/Proteinuria" title="Proteinuria">proteinuria</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Glukosuria" class="mw-redirect" title="Glukosuria">glukosuria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Jinzu_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Jinzu_River.jpg/220px-Jinzu_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Jinzu_River.jpg/330px-Jinzu_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Jinzu_River.jpg/440px-Jinzu_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Daerah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sungai_Jinz%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sungai Jinzū (halaman belum tersedia)">Sungai Jinzū</a>, yang terkontaminasi kadmium</figcaption></figure> Korban keracunan ini hampir secara eksklusif wanita pasca menopause dengan cadangan besi dan mineral tubuh rendah. Paparan kadmium umum yang serupa di belahan dunia lain tidak mengakibatkan masalah kesehatan yang sama karena masyarakatnya mempertahankan kadar besi dan mineral yang cukup. Jadi, walaupun kadmium merupakan faktor utama pencetus penyakit itai-itai di Jepang, sebagian besar peneliti telah menyimpulkan bahwa itu adalah salah satu dari beberapa faktor.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4">[4]</a> Kadmium adalah satu dari enam zat yang dilarang oleh perintah Uni Eropa <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROHS" class="extiw" title="en:ROHS">Restriction on Hazardous Substances</a> (RoHS), yang melarang zat berbahaya tertentu dalam peralatan listrik dan elektronik namun memungkinkan pengecualian tertentu sesuai ruang lingkup undang-undang.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Badan Internasional untuk Penelitian Kanker (The International Agency for Research on Cancer) telah mengklasifikasikan kadmium dan senyawa kadmium sebagai karsinogenik bagi manusia.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Meskipun paparan kerja kadmium terkait dengan kanker paru-paru dan prostat, namun masih ada kontroversi mengenai karsinogenisitas kadmium dalam lingkungan paparan rendah. Data terakhir dari studi epidemiologi menunjukkan bahwa asupan kadmium melalui makanan berhubungan dengan risiko kanker endometrium, payudara dan prostat yang lebih tinggi serta osteoporosis pada manusia.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Sebuah studi baru-baru ini telah menunjukkan bahwa kadar kadmium dalam jaringan endometrium lebih tinggi pada wanita perokok dan bekas perokok.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Meskipun beberapa studi epidemiologi menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan antara paparan kadmium dan kejadian kondisi penyakit pada manusia, peran kadmium sebagai faktor di balik efek ini tetap harus ditunjukkan. Untuk membuktikan peran kausatif, perlu ditentukan mekanisme molekuler bagaimana kadmium dalam paparan rendah dapat menyebabkan efek kesehatan yang merugikan. Satu hipotesis adalah bahwa kadmium bekerja sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pengganggu_endokrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pengganggu endokrin (halaman belum tersedia)">pengganggu endokrin</a> karena beberapa penelitian eksperimental menunjukkan bahwa ia dapat berinteraksi dengan jalur sinyal <a href="/wiki/Hormon" title="Hormon">hormonal</a> yang berbeda. Misalnya, kadmium dapat mengikat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reseptor_estrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reseptor estrogen (halaman belum tersedia)">reseptor estrogen</a> alfa,<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> dan mempengaruhi transduksi sinyal di sepanjang jalur sinyal <a href="/wiki/Estrogen" title="Estrogen">estrogen</a> dan <a href="/wiki/MAPK" title="MAPK">MAPK</a> pada dosis rendah.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Merokok tembakau adalah sumber paparan kadmium paling penting di masyarakat umum. Telah diperkirakan sekitar 10% dari kadmium dalam rokok terhirup melalui aktivitas merokok. Penyerapan kadmium melalui paru-paru jauh lebih efektif daripada melalui usus, dan sebanyak 50% kadmium yang dihirup melalui asap rokok dapat diserap.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Rata-rata, perokok memiliki konsentrasi kadmium darah 4-5 kali lebih tinggi dan konsentrasi kadmium ginjal 2-3 kali lebih tinggi daripada non-perokok. Meskipun kandungan kadmium dalam asap rokok tinggi, tampaknya ada sedikit paparan kadmium dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Merokok_pasif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merokok pasif (halaman belum tersedia)">merokok pasif</a>. Tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap konsentrasi kadmium darah yang terdeteksi pada anak-anak yang terpapar asap tembakau.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Bagi masyarakat non-perokok, makanan merupakan sumber paparan kadmium terbesar. Kandungan kadmium yang tinggi dapat ditemukan misalnya pada krustasea, moluska, jeroan, dan produk alga. Namun, karena konsumsi yang lebih tinggi, kontributor paling signifikan terhadap paparan kadmium makanan adalah biji-bijian, sayuran, akar berkanji dan umbi.<a href="#cite_note-efsa.europa.eu-74">[74]</a> Paparan kadmium adalah faktor risiko yang terkait dengan aterosklerosis dini dan hipertensi, yang keduanya dapat menyebabkan penyakit kardiovaskular.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regulasi">Regulasi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Regulasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Regulasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Karena efek buruk pada lingkungan dan kesehatan manusia, pasokan dan penggunaan kadmium dibatasi di Eropa di bawah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peraturan_REACH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peraturan REACH (halaman belum tersedia)">Peraturan REACH</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain telah menetapkan 2,5 μg/kg berat badan sebagai asupan mingguan yang dapat ditoleransi untuk manusia.<a href="#cite_note-efsa.europa.eu-74">[74]</a> Sebagai perbandingan, Komite Pakar Gabungan FAO/WHO untuk Aditif Makanan (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) telah menetapkan 7 μg/kg bb sebagai tingkat asupan mingguan yang dapat ditoleransi.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Badan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (halaman belum tersedia)">Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA) telah menetapkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_paparan_yang_diizinkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas paparan yang diizinkan (halaman belum tersedia)">batas paparan yang diizinkan</a> (Permissible Exposure Limit, PEL) untuk kadmium dengan rata-rata waktu tertimbang (time-weighted average, TWA) sebesar 0,005 ppm. <a href="/wiki/Institut_Nasional_untuk_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja" title="Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja">Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH) belum menetapkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batas_paparan_yang_direkomendasikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batas paparan yang direkomendasikan (halaman belum tersedia)">batas paparan yang direkomendasikan</a> (Recommended Exposure Limit, REL) dan telah menetapkannya sebagai diketahui karsinogen bagi manusia. Tingkat <a href="/w/index.php?title=IDLH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IDLH (halaman belum tersedia)">IDLH</a> (berbahaya bagi kehidupan dan kesehatan) untuk kadmium adalah 9 mg/m3.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Dosis mematikan<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> </th> <th>Organisme </th> <th>Jalur </th> <th>Waktu </th></tr> <tr> <td>LD50: 225 mg/kg </td> <td>mencit </td> <td>oral </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>LD50: 890 mg/kg </td> <td>tikus </td> <td>oral </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>LC50: 25 mg/m3 </td> <td>mencit </td> <td>n/a </td> <td>30 menit </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penarikan_produk">Penarikan produk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Penarikan produk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penarikan produk">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Pada bulan Mei 2006, penjualan kursi dari stadion tua <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_F.C." title="Arsenal F.C.">Arsenal F.C.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Arsenal" title="Stadion Arsenal">Highbury</a> di London, Inggris dibatalkan setelah ditemukan sejumlah kursi mengandung kadmium.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Laporan tingginya penggunaan kadmium pada perhiasan anak-anak pada tahun 2010 memicu penyelidikan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komisi_Keamanan_Produk_Konsumen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komisi Keamanan Produk Konsumen (halaman belum tersedia)">Komisi Keamanan Produk Konsumen</a> (Consumer Product Safety Commission) AS.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> CPSC AS mengeluarkan pemberitahuan penarikan khusus untuk perhiasan yang mengandung kadmium yang dijual oleh toko <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claire%27s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claire's (halaman belum tersedia)">Claire's</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Wal-Mart" class="mw-redirect" title="Wal-Mart">Wal-Mart</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Pada bulan Juni 2010, <a href="/w/index.php?title=McDonald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McDonald (halaman belum tersedia)">McDonald</a> secara sukarela menarik lebih dari 12 juta promosi koleksi gelas minum "Shrek Forever After 3D" karena kekhawatiran tingkat kadmium dalam pigmen cat yang digunakan pada gelas.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Gelas tersebut diproduksi oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arc_International&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arc International (halaman belum tersedia)">Arc International</a>, yang berlokasi di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Millville,_NJ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Millville, NJ (halaman belum tersedia)">Millville, NJ</a>, USA.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat juga">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigmen_kadmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigmen kadmium (halaman belum tersedia)">Pigmen kadmium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_telurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium telurida (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadmium telurida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_merah_bahan_bangunan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar merah bahan bangunan (halaman belum tersedia)">Daftar merah bahan bangunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logam_berat_beracun" title="Logam berat beracun">Logam berat beracun</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> (Indonesia) <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/kadmium">"Kadmium"</a>. 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Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4020-0224-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4020-0224-3">978-1-4020-0224-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mercury%2C+Cadmium%2C+Lead%3A+Handbook+for+Sustainable+Heavy+Metals+Policy+and+Regulation&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-0224-3&rft.aulast=Scoullos&rft.aufirst=Michael+J.&rft.au=Vonkeman%2C+Gerrit+H.&rft.au=Thornton%2C+Iain&rft.au=Makuch%2C+Zen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D9yzN-QGag_8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Krishnamurthy, N (July 2, 2013). Engg. Chemistry, 2/e. 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Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health</a> (NIOSH).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Immediately+Dangerous+to+Life+and+Health&rft.atitle=Senyawa+kadmium+%28sebagai+Cd%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fniosh%2Fidlh%2F7440439.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/a/arsenal/4757797.stm">"Toxic fears hit Highbury auction"</a>. BBC Sport. 10 May 2006. Diakses tanggal 29 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Sport&rft.atitle=Toxic+fears+hit+Highbury+auction&rft.date=2006-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport1%2Fhi%2Ffootball%2Fteams%2Fa%2Farsenal%2F4757797.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-01-12/u-s-to-develop-safety-standards-for-toxic-metals-update1-.html">"U.S. to Develop Safety Standards for Toxic Metals"</a>. Business Week. 12 January 2010. Diakses tanggal 12 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Week&rft.atitle=U.S.+to+Develop+Safety+Standards+for+Toxic+Metals&rft.date=2010-01-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fnews%2F2010-01-12%2Fu-s-to-develop-safety-standards-for-toxic-metals-update1-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100531181434/http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml10/10227.html">"Claire's Recalls Children's Metal Charm Bracelets Due to High Levels of Cadmium"</a>. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 10 May 2010. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PREREL/prhtml10/10227.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2010-05-31. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Consumer+Product+Safety+Commission&rft.atitle=Claire%27s+Recalls+Children%27s+Metal+Charm+Bracelets+Due+to+High+Levels+of+Cadmium&rft.date=2010-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpsc.gov%2FCPSCPUB%2FPREREL%2Fprhtml10%2F10227.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527202913/http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml10/10127.html">"FAF Inc. Recalls Children's Necklaces Sold Exclusively at Walmart Stores Due to High Levels of Cadmium"</a>. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 29 January 2010. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PREREL/prhtml10/10127.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2010-05-27. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Consumer+Product+Safety+Commission&rft.atitle=FAF+Inc.+Recalls+Children%27s+Necklaces+Sold+Exclusively+at+Walmart+Stores+Due+to+High+Levels+of+Cadmium&rft.date=2010-01-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpsc.gov%2FCPSCPUB%2FPREREL%2Fprhtml10%2F10127.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Neuman, William (4 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/05/business/05recall.html">"McDonald's Recalls 12 Million 'Shrek' Glasses"</a>. The New York Times. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=McDonald%E2%80%99s+Recalls+12+Million+%E2%80%98Shrek%E2%80%99+Glasses&rft.date=2010-06-04&rft.aulast=Neuman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F06%2F05%2Fbusiness%2F05recall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100607024105/http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/prerel/prhtml10/10257.html">"McDonald's Recalls Movie Themed Drinking Glasses Due to Potential Cadmium Risk"</a>. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 4 June 2010. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PREREL/prhtml10/10257.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2010-06-07. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Consumer+Product+Safety+Commission&rft.atitle=McDonald%E2%80%99s+Recalls+Movie+Themed+Drinking+Glasses+Due+to+Potential+Cadmium+Risk&rft.date=2010-06-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpsc.gov%2FCPSCPUB%2FPREREL%2Fprhtml10%2F10257.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Hartwig, Andrea (2013). "Chapter 15. Cadmium and cancer". Dalam Astrid Sigel; Helmut Sigel; Roland K. O. Sigel. Cadmium: From Toxicology to Essentiality. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. 11. Springer. hlm. 491–507. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-007-5179-8_15">10.1007/978-94-007-5179-8_15</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+15.+Cadmium+and+cancer&rft.btitle=Cadmium%3A+From+Toxicology+to+Essentiality&rft.series=Metal+Ions+in+Life+Sciences&rft.pages=491-507&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-5179-8_15&rft.aulast=Hartwig&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKadmium" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/37px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/55px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/73px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Lihat entri <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kadmium" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Kadmium">Kadmium</a> di kamus bebas Wiktionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cadmium" class="extiw" title="commons:Cadmium">Cadmium</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" 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<ul><li>(Inggris)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/048.htm">Cadium</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Periodic_Table_of_Videos" title="The Periodic Table of Videos">The Periodic Table of Videos</a> (University of Nottingham)</li> <li>(Inggris)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/cadmium/">ATSDR Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Cadmium Toxicity</a> U.S. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Department of Health and Human Services (halaman belum tersedia)">Department of Health and Human Services</a></li> <li>(Inggris)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp5.html">Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry’s (ATSDR) Toxicological Profile for Cadmium</a></li> <li>(Inggris)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/Cadmium">National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health – Cadmium Page</a></li> <li>(Inggris)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@na+@rel+cadmium,+elemental">NLM Hazardous Substances Databank – Cadmium, Elemental</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="navbox collapsible uncollapsed" cellpadding="0" style="table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="33" style="padding:0 1em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini"><a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">Tabel periodik</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik_(sel_besar)" title="Tabel periodik (sel besar)">(besar)</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:100%;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">1</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">2</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_3" title="Unsur golongan 3">3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_4" title="Unsur golongan 4">4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_6" title="Unsur golongan 6">6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_7" title="Unsur golongan 7">7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_8" title="Unsur golongan 8">8</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_9" title="Unsur golongan 9">9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_10" title="Unsur golongan 10">10</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_11" title="Unsur golongan 11">11</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_boron" title="Golongan boron">13</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_karbon" title="Golongan karbon">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pniktogen" title="Pniktogen">15</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalkogen" title="Kalkogen">16</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_1" title="Unsur periode 1">1</a> </td> <td title="Hidrogen, 1 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30"> </td> <td title="Helium, 2 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_2" title="Unsur periode 2">2</a> </td> <td title="Litium, 3 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td title="Berilium, 4 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Boron, 5 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td title="Karbon, 6 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a> </td> <td title="Nitrogen, 7 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td title="Oksigen, 8 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">O</a> </td> <td title="Fluorin, 9 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorin" title="Fluorin">F</a> </td> <td title="Neon, 10 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_3" title="Unsur periode 3">3</a> </td> <td title="Natrium, 11 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td title="Magnesium, 12 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Aluminium, 13 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td title="Silikon, 14 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td title="Fosforus, 15 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus">P</a> </td> <td title="Belerang, 16 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang">S</a> </td> <td title="Klorin, 17 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Klorin" title="Klorin">Cl</a> </td> <td title="Argon, 18 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_4" title="Unsur periode 4">4</a> </td> <td title="Kalium, 19 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td title="Kalsium, 20 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Skandium, 21 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td title="Titanium, 22 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td title="Vanadium, 23 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td title="Kromium, 24 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Cr</a> </td> <td title="Mangan, 25 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td title="Besi, 26 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Fe</a> </td> <td title="Kobalt, 27 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td title="Nikel, 28 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Ni</a> </td> <td title="Tembaga, 29 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Cu</a> </td> <td title="Seng, 30 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Zn</a> </td> <td title="Galium, 31 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Galium" title="Galium">Ga</a> </td> <td title="Germanium, 32 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td title="Arsen, 33 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td title="Selenium, 34 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td title="Bromin, 35 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Br</a> </td> <td title="Kripton, 36 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_5" title="Unsur periode 5">5</a> </td> <td title="Rubidium, 37 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td title="Stronsium, 38 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Itrium, 39 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Itrium" title="Itrium">Y</a> </td> <td title="Zirkonium, 40 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonium" title="Zirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td title="Niobium, 41 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td title="Molibdenum, 42 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td title="Teknesium, 43 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Teknesium" title="Teknesium">Tc</a> </td> <td title="Rutenium, 44 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td title="Rodium, 45 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td title="Paladium, 46 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Paladium" title="Paladium">Pd</a> </td> <td title="Perak, 47 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Ag</a> </td> <td title="Kadmium, 48 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cd</a> </td> <td title="Indium, 49 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td title="Timah, 50 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">Sn</a> </td> <td title="Antimon, 51 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td title="Telurium, 52 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Telurium" title="Telurium">Te</a> </td> <td title="Iodin, 53 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iodin" title="Iodin">I</a> </td> <td title="Xenon, 54 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_6" title="Unsur periode 6">6</a> </td> <td title="Sesium, 55 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td title="Barium, 56 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td title="Lantanum, 57 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">La</a> </td> <td title="Serium, 58 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td title="Praseodimium, 59 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td title="Neodimium, 60 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td title="Prometium, 61 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td title="Samarium, 62 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td title="Europium, 63 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td title="Gadolinium, 64 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td title="Terbium, 65 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td title="Disprosium, 66 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td title="Holmium, 67 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td title="Erbium, 68 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td title="Tulium, 69 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td title="Iterbium, 70 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iterbium" title="Iterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td title="Lutesium, 71 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td title="Hafnium, 72 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td title="Tantalum, 73 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td title="Wolfram, 74 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td title="Renium, 75 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td title="Osmium, 76 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td title="Iridium, 77 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td title="Platina, 78 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">Pt</a> </td> <td title="Emas, 79 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Emas" title="Emas">Au</a> </td> <td title="Raksa, 80 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Raksa" title="Raksa">Hg</a> </td> <td title="Talium, 81 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Talium" title="Talium">Tl</a> </td> <td title="Timbal, 82 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">Pb</a> </td> <td title="Bismut, 83 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td title="Polonium, 84 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td title="Astatin, 85 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin">At</a> </td> <td title="Radon, 86 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_7" title="Unsur periode 7">7</a> </td> <td title="Fransium, 87 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium" title="Fransium">Fr</a> </td> <td title="Radium, 88 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td title="Aktinium, 89 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium">Ac</a> </td> <td title="Torium, 90 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td title="Protaktinium, 91 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td title="Uranium, 92 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td title="Neptunium, 93 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td title="Plutonium, 94 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td title="Amerisium, 95 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Amerisium" title="Amerisium">Am</a> </td> <td title="Kurium, 96 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kurium" title="Kurium">Cm</a> </td> <td title="Berkelium, 97 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td title="Kalifornium, 98 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td title="Einsteinium, 99 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td title="Fermium, 100 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td title="Mendelevium, 101 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td title="Nobelium, 102 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td title="Lawrensium, 103 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td title="Ruterfordium, 104 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ruterfordium" title="Ruterfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td title="Dubnium, 105 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td title="Seaborgium, 106 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td title="Bohrium, 107 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td title="Hasium, 108 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hasium" title="Hasium">Hs</a> </td> <td title="Meitnerium, 109 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td title="Darmstadtium, 110 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td title="Roentgenium, 111 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td title="Kopernisium, 112 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kopernisium" title="Kopernisium">Cn</a> </td> <td title="Nihonium, 113 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td title="Flerovium, 114 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td title="Moskovium, 115 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium">Mc</a> </td> <td title="Livermorium, 116 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td title="Tenesin, 117 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tenesin" title="Tenesin">Ts</a> </td> <td title="Oganeson, 118 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="33"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; font-size:85%; background:#f8f8f8; margin:0; font-size:90%; margin-top:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; overflow:hidden;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">Logam alkali</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">Logam alkali tanah</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">Lantanida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">Aktinida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">Logam transisi</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_miskin" title="Logam miskin">Logam miskin</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">Metaloid</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#a1ffc3;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_poliatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam poliatomik">Nonlogam poliatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#e7ff8f;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_diatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam diatomik">Nonlogam diatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">Gas mulia</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="padding:0 1px; background:#e8e8e8;">Sifat kimia belum diketahui </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Senyawa_kadmium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Senyawa_kadmium" title="Templat:Senyawa kadmium"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Senyawa_kadmium" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Senyawa kadmium"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Senyawa_kadmium&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Senyawa_kadmium" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Senyawa_kadmium" title="Kategori:Senyawa kadmium">Senyawa</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">kadmium</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kadmium(I)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium(I)_tetrakloroaluminat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium(I) tetrakloroaluminat (halaman belum tersedia)">Cd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kadmium(II)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_tetrafluoroborat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium tetrafluoroborat (halaman belum tersedia)">Cd(BF' Too many ('";</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdBr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_sianida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium sianida (halaman belum tersedia)">Cd(CN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadmium_klorida" title="Kadmium klorida">CdCl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_fluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium fluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdF</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_hidrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium hidrida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadmium_iodida" title="Kadmium iodida">CdI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadmium_nitrat" title="Kadmium nitrat">Cd(NO' Too many ('";</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadmium_hidroksida" title="Kadmium hidroksida">Cd(OH)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_sulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium sulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadmium_sulfat" title="Kadmium sulfat">CdSO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_selenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium selenida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdSe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_telurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium telurida (halaman belum tersedia)">CdTe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_tungstat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium tungstat (halaman belum tersedia)">CdWO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadmium_arsenida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadmium arsenida (halaman belum tersedia)">Cd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Rumus_kimia" title="Rumus kimia">Rumus kimia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" 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