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A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness Scale
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emotion characterized of lack of pleasure and aims. existing data support the validity of the Boredom Proneness scale (BPs) as an index of boredom proneness. the factor structure of the instrument has been widely examined and" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://unikore.academia.edu/GiuseppeCraparo" /> <meta name="description" content="Objective: Boredom is an emotion characterized of lack of pleasure and aims. existing data support the validity of the Boredom Proneness scale (BPs) as an index of boredom proneness. the factor structure of the instrument has been widely examined and" /> <title>A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness Scale</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/18065988/A_Factor_Analytic_Study_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new 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{"work":{"id":18065988,"created_at":"2015-11-10T01:06:11.153-08:00","from_world_paper_id":144130214,"updated_at":"2024-11-17T14:35:07.568-08:00","_data":{"grobid_abstract":"Objective: Boredom is an emotion characterized of lack of pleasure and aims. existing data support the validity of the Boredom Proneness scale (BPs) as an index of boredom proneness. the factor structure of the instrument has been widely examined and yielding inconsistent and contradictory results. Aims: What is needed is empirical confirmation of the possibility that the BPs captures several facets of boredom attitude. to this end, the current study examined the factor structure of the scale within a nonclinical sample.","publication_date":"1990,,","publication_name":"Journal of Personality Assessment","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"39857359"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness Scale","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true,"seo_quality":null}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [3736317]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":39857359,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness Scale”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/39857359/mini_magick20220705-11451-11j6gmd.png?1657031814" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">A Factor Analytic Study of the Boredom Proneness Scale</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3736317" href="https://unikore.academia.edu/GiuseppeCraparo"><img alt="Profile image of Giuseppe Craparo" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3736317/1342332/1660027/s65_giuseppe.craparo.jpg" />Giuseppe Craparo</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1990, Journal of Personality Assessment</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">7 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 18065988; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Objective: Boredom is an emotion characterized of lack of pleasure and aims. existing data support the validity of the Boredom Proneness scale (BPs) as an index of boredom proneness. the factor structure of the instrument has been widely examined and yielding inconsistent and contradictory results. Aims: What is needed is empirical confirmation of the possibility that the BPs captures several facets of boredom attitude. to this end, the current study examined the factor structure of the scale within a nonclinical sample.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><div class="primary-buttons "><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":39857359,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/18065988/A_Factor_Analytic_Study_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span>See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":39857359,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/18065988/A_Factor_Analytic_Study_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="18065988" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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Aims: What is needed is empirical confirmation of the possibility that the BPs captures several facets of boredom attitude. to this end, the current study examined the factor structure of the scale within a nonclinical sample.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A factor analytic study of the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS). ","attachmentId":33650201,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4724789/A_factor_analytic_study_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale_BPS_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4724789/A_factor_analytic_study_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale_BPS_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="104668442" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104668442/A_Confirmatory_Approach_to_the_Factor_Structure_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale_Evidence_for_a_Two_Factor_Short_Form">A Confirmatory Approach to the Factor Structure of the Boredom Proneness Scale: Evidence for a Two-Factor Short Form</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49776491" href="https://uwf.academia.edu/StephenVodanovich">Stephen Vodanovich</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Personality Assessment, 2005</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">We analyzed previous exploratory factor analytic structures on the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; Farmer & Sundberg, 1986) using confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modeling in LISREL 8 (Jöreskog & Sörbom, 1993). These analyses indicated that 2 factors were generally consistent across 6 exploratory models. Items that had significant loadings on these two factors (N = 12; 6 for each factor) indicated a lack of Internal Stimulation and External Stimulation. In further analysis on these 12 items using LISREL, we found a much improved fit and provided support for a short form version of the original BPS. We also found the shortened version to be invariant across gender. We discuss implications for the more precise measurement of boredom proneness and the use of the scale in applied settings. The assessment of boredom has been comparatively neglected in the psychological literature. For instance, it has been common to assume that individuals experience boredom in the performance of repetitive or monotonous activities (e.g., O'Hanlon, 1981) or to assess boredom with single-item measures (e.g., Larson & Richards, 1991; Shaw, Caldwell, & Kleiber, 1996). The former approach does not consider individual, subjective reactions to potentially boring stimuli that has been advocated by many researchers (e.g., DeChenne & Moody, 1988; Geiwitz, 1966; Hill & Perkins, 1985; Mikulas & Vodanovich, 1993), whereas the use of single-item devices lack sufficient reliability and validity. The only complete measure available to assess an individual's propensity to be bored is the Boredom Proneness Scale (BPS; Farmer & Sundberg, 1986). The widely used Boredom Susceptibility Scale is a subscale of the Sensation Seeking Scale that primarily focuses on boredom due to perceived monotony or lack of variety (see Zuckerman, 1979). Other instruments exist that appraise specific types of boredom. That is, two scales have been developed that measure leisure/free-time boredom (Iso-Ahola & Weissinger, 1990; Ragheb & Merydith, 2001), another measures boredom with regard to sexual matters (Watt & Ewing, 1996), two scales assess job-related boredom (Grubb, 1975; Lee, 1986), and one instrument has been designed to evaluate how people cope with boredom (Hamilton, Haier, & Buchsbaum, 1984). The internal consistency of the original true-false form of the BPS has ranged from .</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Confirmatory Approach to the Factor Structure of the Boredom Proneness Scale: Evidence for a Two-Factor Short Form","attachmentId":104335412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104668442/A_Confirmatory_Approach_to_the_Factor_Structure_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale_Evidence_for_a_Two_Factor_Short_Form","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/104668442/A_Confirmatory_Approach_to_the_Factor_Structure_of_the_Boredom_Proneness_Scale_Evidence_for_a_Two_Factor_Short_Form"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="83723716" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83723716/Boredom_in_Adolescence_Validation_of_the_Italian_Version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_in_Adolescents">Boredom in Adolescence: Validation of the Italian Version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS) in Adolescents</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56265991" href="https://unipd.academia.edu/michelagatta">michela gatta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Children, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Boredom in adolescence is often underestimated, although it may be the sign of a profound unease or be associated with psychological disorders. Given the complexity of the construct of boredom and its increasing prevalence among adolescents in recent years, the present study aimed to validate the factorial structure of the Italian version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS) in adolescents using a cross-validation approach. The study involved 272 students (33.8% males, 66.2% females) aged 14–19 (M = 15.9, SD = 1.38) living in northern and central Italy. In addition to the MSBS, the Symptoms Checklist 90-R (SCL 90-R) and the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) were administered. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses validated a 23-item structure of the MSBS, comprising five correlated factors. The tool showed a good internal consistency for these factors and a good convergent and factor validity. The MSBS consequently seems a valid and reliable method for asses...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Boredom in Adolescence: Validation of the Italian Version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS) in Adolescents","attachmentId":88975783,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83723716/Boredom_in_Adolescence_Validation_of_the_Italian_Version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_in_Adolescents","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83723716/Boredom_in_Adolescence_Validation_of_the_Italian_Version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_in_Adolescents"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="55072946" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55072946/Testing_the_predictors_of_boredom_at_school_Development_and_validation_of_the_precursors_to_boredom_scales">Testing the predictors of boredom at school: Development and validation of the precursors to boredom scales</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28255641" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertStupnisky">Robert Stupnisky</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Background. Boredom has been found to be an important emotion for students' learning processes and achievement outcomes; however, the precursors of this emotion remain largely unexplored. Aim. In the current study, scales assessing the precursors to boredom in academic achievement settings were developed and tested. Sample. Participants were 1,380 grade 5-10 students in mathematics classes. Method. The Precursors to Boredom Scales were tested for structural and convergent validity with multi-level confirmatory factor analyses (ML-CFA), and differences in the perception of the precursors of boredom due to .gender were investigated. Results. The first ML-CFA found support for the structural validity of the Precursors to Boredom Scales. In a second ML-CFA, the newly developed boredom scales showed good convergent validity with several key aspects of instructional quality. Finally, the results supported previous research that found no gender differences in academic selfconcept and interest. Conclusion. The precursors contained in our scales are empirically separable. Implications of the current findings for research on boredom among students are discussed. 42. Students often feel bored at school. According to Larson and Richards (1991), students experience boredom 32% of the time they spend in class. G6tz, Frenzel, and Pekrun (2007) found that students are bored during almost half of each lesson on ave rage. Boredom reflects the dissipation of human resources resulting in the ineffective fulfilm ent</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Testing the predictors of boredom at school: Development and validation of the precursors to boredom scales","attachmentId":71121946,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/55072946/Testing_the_predictors_of_boredom_at_school_Development_and_validation_of_the_precursors_to_boredom_scales","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/55072946/Testing_the_predictors_of_boredom_at_school_Development_and_validation_of_the_precursors_to_boredom_scales"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="32718806" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32718806/Validation_of_the_Italian_version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_">Validation of the Italian version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS).</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3478886" href="https://mariatomarchio.academia.edu/PalmiraFaraci">Palmira Faraci</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 14 (2), 173-182. , 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Objective: Boredom has been defined as " the aversive experience of wanting, but being unable to engage in satisfying activity ". It is associated with a number of psychosocial and psychopathological problems. The aim of this paper is to test the validity of the Italian version of the Multidimendional State Boredom Scale (MSBS). The results of this investigation indicate that the Italian MSBS has factor structure that is similar to the original MSBS. Furthermore, there is evidence that the Italian MSBS has strong reliability. Method: In total, 690 undergraduate students participated in this research. Participants were 51.3% male, and 48.7% female, with a mean age of 24 years (SD = 4.92, range: 18-50 years). Two studies were conducted. In the first study, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine whether data from the Italian MSBS fit the original MSBS factor structure. In the second study, the association between the Italian version of the MSBS and several related measures was examined. These related measures are: The Boredom Proneness Scale; The Dissociative Experiences Scale-II; Beck Depression Inventory-II; Beck Anxiety Inventory; The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Version; The Behavioural Inhibition System and Behavioural Activation System. Results: Study 1 found that the Italian translation of the MSBS, administered in an Italian-speaking sample, yielded the same factor structure as the original MSBS. Study 2 found that the Italian MSBS demonstrated construct validity in an Italian sample. Conclusions: The results of the present paper demonstrate that the Italian version of the MSBS is both valid and reliable. Study 1 found that the Italian MSBS has a similar factor structure to the original English MSBS, that the Italian MSBS's factors are significantly associated with one another, and that the Italian MSBS has good reliability. Study 2 demonstrated that the MSBS is valid, as it was related to a number of theoretically important constructs.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Validation of the Italian version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS).","attachmentId":52879315,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/32718806/Validation_of_the_Italian_version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/32718806/Validation_of_the_Italian_version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="9278465" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9278465/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_the_Factor_Structure_and_the_Demographic_Differences">Leisure Boredom Scale: the Factor Structure and the Demographic Differences </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="869682" href="https://alanya.academia.edu/FeyzaMeryemKara">Feyza Meryem Kara</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Leisure Boredom Scale for adults in Turkey. The second purpose was to investigate the differences based on demographic variables (gender, marital status, working sector) regarding leisure boredom. In total 312 employees from public and private sectors (167 female, 145 male) residing in Ankara participated in this study. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to test the structural validity of the scale. EFA demonstrated that this scale yielded two subscales in the Turkish version. The first factor was named "boredom" and the second factor was named "satisfaction" by the participating researchers after reviewing the related literature and examining the factor structure of the scale. The scale consists of 10 items; the item factor loadings for the overall scale range between 0.38 and 0.83; and the Cronbach Alpha coefficient for the subscales was determined 0.72 for boredom and 0.77 for satisfaction in the final form of the scale. According to t-test results regarding the demographic variables, there was statistically significant difference in gender only in the ‚satisfaction‛ subscale, and between women and men participants, with men participants having higher mean scores (p<.01). There was no significant difference in terms of marital status in total LBS and the subscales. Concerning the working sectors of the participants, the analysis showed significant differences in total LBS and the ‚boredom‛ subscale between public and private sector's participants, with public sector's participants having higher mean scores than the latter (p<.01). In conclusion, the results of the research demonstrated that the Turkish adaptation of ‚The Leisure Boredom Scale‛ can be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool to examine and evaluate the leisure boredom levels of Turkish adults. Another conclusion of the study worth noting is that there were significant differences between the different components of gender and working sector variables in terms of leisure boredom levels.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Leisure Boredom Scale: the Factor Structure and the Demographic Differences ","attachmentId":35542351,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9278465/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_the_Factor_Structure_and_the_Demographic_Differences","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9278465/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_the_Factor_Structure_and_the_Demographic_Differences"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="103329592" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/103329592/Psychometric_Analysis_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_and_Its_Condensed_Versions">Psychometric Analysis of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale and Its Condensed Versions</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="273668581" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SheridanJudith">Judith Sheridan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Assessment, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS) is a promising new self-report measure of state boredom. Two condensed versions of the scale have also been introduced. This study helped explore the psychometric qualities of these scales, using a large sample of Australian adults (N = 1,716), as well as two smaller samples (N = 199 and N = 422). Data analyses indicated strong convergent validity and very high internal consistency for the scales. Test-retest reliability over a 6- to 8-day period was moderately high. Confirmatory factor analyses of the MSBS authors&#39; suggested factor structure indicated good fit for this model. However, some of the data analyses raise questions as to whether the scale includes meaningful subfactors. Overall, the MSBS (and Short Form) is recommended for researchers who wish to assess state boredom.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Psychometric Analysis of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale and Its Condensed Versions","attachmentId":103365769,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103329592/Psychometric_Analysis_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_and_Its_Condensed_Versions","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103329592/Psychometric_Analysis_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_and_Its_Condensed_Versions"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="86562377" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/86562377/Factor_Structure_of_Boredom_in_Iranian_Adolescents">Factor Structure of Boredom in Iranian Adolescents</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="212606692" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AliAsgari42">Ali Asgari</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Boredom is a mental state, characterized by lack of concentration and motivation to tackle everyday duties, usually associated with depression, anxiety, inadequate interpersonal relationships, educational drop out and substance abuse. The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify the components and factor structure of boredom among Iranian adolescents. This study was consisted of two phases. During the first phase, a data pool was established based on three major sources: theoretical foundations of boredom, measurement scales of boredom available in the literature and interview-based data taken from 50 adolescents (girls=25 and boys=25, mean age= 15years, SD=2). An eighty-five items questionnaire, entitled: Boredom Assessment Scale (BAS) was developed for the purpose of the second phase. This questionnaire was further applied on 426 adolescents (girls= 227 & boys=199, mean age=14.5, SD=2). Early analyses confirmed validity for 58 items. Exploratory factor analysis and confir...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Factor Structure of Boredom in Iranian Adolescents","attachmentId":90986534,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86562377/Factor_Structure_of_Boredom_in_Iranian_Adolescents","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/86562377/Factor_Structure_of_Boredom_in_Iranian_Adolescents"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="99344229" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/99344229/The_Habitual_Boredom_Scale_Preliminary_Findings">The Habitual Boredom Scale: Preliminary Findings</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="42071160" href="https://vcu.academia.edu/RichardBargdill">Richard Bargdill</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This research presents the conceptualization of habitual boredom and the development of a scale for its measure. Bargdill suggests that habitually bored individuals experience five overlapping psychological themes: ambivalence, passive avoidance stance, passive hope, identity confusion and shame. The authors propose that situational boredom and habitual boredom are two different constructs. Other boredom scales have mixed the two constructs together during their development. This scale of habitual boredom has been developed in terms of the five themes and has been tested through several prior administrations. This paper reports the results of the latest test that reflects modification and refinement of the scale through previous tests. The data indicate that the scale with 35 items is fairly reliable. Each of the five themes measured by the scale is configured by seven items. The current iteration has included two face validity questions. Persons experiencing habitual boredom are at risk of serious psychological impacts since the changing situations does not seem to curb the effects of boredom.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Habitual Boredom Scale: Preliminary Findings","attachmentId":100459488,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99344229/The_Habitual_Boredom_Scale_Preliminary_Findings","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99344229/The_Habitual_Boredom_Scale_Preliminary_Findings"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="117985713" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117985713/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_A_Research_on_University_Students">Leisure Boredom Scale: A Research on University Students</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="288687006" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbdulmenafKORKUTATA">Abdulmenaf KORKUTATA</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Education and Training Studies, 2018</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this research was to review the leisure boredom perceptions of students who study in the faculty of sports sciences by different variables. 1223 students voluntarily participated in this research. These students study in the faculty of sports sciences in three universities in Turkey and they were selected by random sampling method. 367 of participants were female (30%); 856 (70%) of participants were males. Leisure boredom scale (LBS) that was developed by Iso-Ahola and Weissinger (1990) was used in this research to collect the data. Kara, Gürbüz, and Öncü (2014) adapted this scale into Turkish. Besides, an information form that includes socio-demographic attributes was asked participants to fill. T-test, ANOVA test and descriptive statistical methods analyzed the data. While there was found a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0,05) in boredom sub-dimension in terms of gender variable, there was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction sub-dimensio...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Leisure Boredom Scale: A Research on University Students","attachmentId":113716087,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117985713/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_A_Research_on_University_Students","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117985713/Leisure_Boredom_Scale_A_Research_on_University_Students"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":39857359,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":39857359,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_39857359" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="19848269" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19848269/Validation_of_the_Spanish_version_of_the_Multidimensional_State_Boredom_Scale_MSBS_">Validation of the Spanish version of the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (MSBS)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40635776" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Jes%C3%BAsMonteroMarin">Jesús Montero-Marin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Health and Quality of 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data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="75748887" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75748887/The_Dimensions_of_State_Boredom_Frequency_Duration_Unpleasantness_Consequences_and_Causal_Attributions">The Dimensions of State Boredom: Frequency, Duration, Unpleasantness, Consequences and Causal Attributions</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8146678" href="https://independent.academia.edu/McWellingTodman">McWelling Todman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Dimensions of State Boredom: Frequency, Duration, Unpleasantness, Consequences and Causal 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