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</header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Công Nguyên</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Ngôn ngữ" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Ngôn ngữ</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=C%C3%B4ng+Nguy%C3%AAn&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Theo dõi</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Sửa đổi</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> <span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Đổi hướng từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn&redirect=no&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trước Công Nguyên">Trước Công Nguyên</a>)</span> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Công Nguyên</b> (viết tắt là <b>CN</b>) là thuật ngữ được sử dụng để đánh số năm trong <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Julius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lịch Julius">Lịch Julius</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Gregory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lịch Gregory">Lịch Gregory</a>. Thuật ngữ này là gốc từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Latinh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiếng Latinh">tiếng Latinh</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BB%9Di_Trung_C%E1%BB%95?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thời Trung Cổ">thời Trung Cổ</a>, <b>A</b> là <b>AD</b>). Từ "Công nguyên" (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_H%C3%A1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chữ Hán">chữ Hán</a>: 公元) trong Hán Việt được vay mượn từ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Trung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiếng Trung">tiếng Trung</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trong tiếng Trung, "Công nguyên" 公元 là tên gọi tắt của "Công lịch kỷ nguyên" 公曆紀元.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p><i>Công Nguyên</i> hay <i>Kỷ nguyên Công lịch</i> tính từ khi Chúa <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%AA-su?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giê-su">Giêsu</a> được sinh ra. Trước thời điểm Giêsu sinh ra được gọi là <b>Trước Công Nguyên</b> hay "Trước Công lịch kỉ Nguyên" (viết tắt là <b>TCN</b>, cách sử dụng tương ứng ở phương Tây là <b>BC</b>, viết tắt của <b>Before Christ</b>).</p> <p>Hệ thống TCN và CN được phát minh bởi <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dionysius_Exiguus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dionysius Exiguus">Dionysius Exiguus</a> của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Scythia_Minor&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Scythia Minor (trang không tồn tại)">Scythia Minor</a> vào năm 525, nhưng không được sử dụng rộng rãi cho đến sau năm 800.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Teresi1997_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Teresi1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003778–9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003778%E2%80%939-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Cách ghi này trong lịch Gregorian được sử dụng rộng rãi nhất trên thế giới hiện nay. Nó đã trở thành tiêu chuẩn không chính thức trên phạm vi toàn cầu, được áp dụng vì các lợi ích thiết thực trong sử dụng truyền thông quốc tế, vận tải và hội nhập thương mại và được các tổ chức quốc tế như Liên Hợp Quốc công nhận.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Lịch_sử"><span id="L.E1.BB.8Bch_s.E1.BB.AD"></span>Lịch sử</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Lịch sử”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Frame"> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Scriptorium.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Scriptorium.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 300px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Scriptorium.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="300" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dionysius_Exiguus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dionysius Exiguus">Dionysius Exiguus</a> sáng chế ra kỷ nguyên Kitô để tính ngày <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%85_Ph%E1%BB%A5c_Sinh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lễ Phục Sinh">Lễ Phục Sinh</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Khái niệm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%E1%BB%B7_nguy%C3%AAn_Kit%C3%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kỷ nguyên Kitô">kỷ nguyên Kitô</a> được <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tu_s%C4%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tu sĩ">tu sĩ</a> <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dionysius_Exiguus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dionysius Exiguus">Dionysius Exiguus</a> đặt ra vào <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_VI?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thế kỷ VI">thế kỷ VI</a> khi ông tính <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lịch">lịch</a> cho các ngày <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%85_Ph%E1%BB%A5c_Sinh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lễ Phục Sinh">lễ Phục Sinh</a> và được dùng với các lịch <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Julius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lịch Julius">Julius</a> và <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_Gregory?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lịch Gregory">Gregory</a>. <b>Không có năm 0</b> trong các lịch này; năm 1 TCN được theo sau bằng năm 1 CN. Các nhà làm sử áp dụng thông lệ này vì nó được dùng lần đầu bởi tu sĩ <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%AA%C4%91a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bêđa">Beda</a> trong tác phẩm <i>Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum</i> (Lịch sử giáo hội của người Anh, 731). Ông không dùng số 0, mặc dù ông đã biết số 0 vào lúc đó, vì việc đếm số cho năm bắt đầu từ 1 chứ không phải 0. Năm 0 trong lịch thiên văn là năm 1 TCN; các năm trước 0 được đánh số âm, như −1 = 2 TCN.</p> <p>Hầu hết các học giả <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinh_Th%C3%A1nh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinh Thánh">Kinh Thánh</a> hiện nay cho rằng Dionysius đã tính sai, và rằng trên thực tế Giêsu sinh trong khoảng từ năm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/8_TCN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="8 TCN">8 TCN</a> tới năm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/4_TCN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="4 TCN">4 TCN</a>. Dữ kiện muộn nhất liên quan đến sự giáng sinh của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gi%C3%AA-su?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giê-su">Giê-su</a> là cái chết của <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herod_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Herod Đại đế">Herod Đại đế</a> vào năm <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/4_TCN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="4 TCN">4 TCN</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sau_Công_Nguyên"><span id="Sau_C.C3.B4ng_Nguy.C3.AAn"></span>Sau Công Nguyên</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Sau Công Nguyên”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Tại Việt Nam, một số người do hiểu lầm CN là chỉ năm Chúa Giê-su ra đời nên họ đã gọi những năm nằm trong Công nguyên là năm "sau Công nguyên". Công nguyên là kỷ nguyên bắt đầu từ năm được cho là năm Chúa Giê-su ra đời, Công nguyên vẫn còn đang tiếp diễn, nó chỉ ngừng lại khi người ta quyết định kết thúc nó. Chừng nào Công nguyên chưa kết thúc thì mọi năm chỉ có thể là nằm trước hoặc trong Công nguyên, không có năm "sau Công nguyên".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Theo cách nghĩ bình thường với kiến thức chung của người Việt Nam, từ " Công Nguyên" được hiểu là mốc (hoặc là số 0), nên họ thường sử dụng giới từ Trước (-) và Sau (+) để định hình câu nói của họ. Ví dụ: sau công nguyên 2 năm là Năm 2+.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>sửa</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">An Chi. Chuyện Đông chuyện Tây, tập 2. Tái bản lần thứ nhất, có sửa chữa. Nhà xuất bản Trẻ. Năm 2006. Trang 319.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">辞海编辑委员会. 《辞海》第六版彩图本, 第一卷. 上海辞书出版社. 上海, năm 2009. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Ngu%E1%BB%93n_s%C3%A1ch/9787532628599?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9787532628599</a>. Trang 723.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFDick_Teresi1997" class="citation web cs1">Dick Teresi (tháng 7 năm 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1997/07/zero/376900/">“Zero”</a>. <a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Atlantic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập 15 tháng 11 năm 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zero&rft.pub=The+Atlantic&rft.date=1997-07&rft.au=Dick+Teresi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F1997%2F07%2Fzero%2F376900%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%B4ng+Nguy%C3%AAn" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Teresi1997-4"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Teresi1997_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFTeresi1997" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Dick_Teresi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Dick Teresi (trang không tồn tại)">Teresi, Dick</a> (tháng 7 năm 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/issues/97jul/zero.htm">“Zero”</a>. <i><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Atlantic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Zero&rft.date=1997-07&rft.aulast=Teresi&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpast%2Fdocs%2Fissues%2F97jul%2Fzero.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%B4ng+Nguy%C3%AAn" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003778–9-5"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003778%E2%80%939_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003">Blackburn & Holford-Strevens 2003</a>, tr. 778–9.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%">Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFBlackburnHolford-Strevens2003 (<a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:L%E1%BB%97i_b%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu_Harv_v%C3%A0_Sfn&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thể loại:Lỗi bản mẫu Harv và Sfn (trang không tồn tại)">trợ giúp</a>)</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFEastman" class="citation web cs1">Eastman, Allan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506002355/http://www.timeanddate.com/newsletter/all-the-time/a-month-of-sundays5.html">“A Month of Sundays”</a>. Date and Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.timeanddate.com/newsletter/all-the-time/a-month-of-sundays5.html">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ 6 tháng 5 năm 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 4 tháng 5 năm 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Month+of+Sundays&rft.pub=Date+and+Time&rft.aulast=Eastman&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeanddate.com%2Fnewsletter%2Fall-the-time%2Fa-month-of-sundays5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%B4ng+Nguy%C3%AAn" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="https://vi-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_C%C3%B4ng_Nguy%C3%AAn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">An Chi. Chuyện Đông chuyện Tây, tập 2. Tái bản lần thứ nhất, có sửa chữa. Nhà xuất bản Trẻ. Năm 2006. 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hreflang="bn" data-title="সাধারণ অব্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se-le%25CC%258Dk" title="Se-le̍k – Tiếng Mân Nam" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Se-le̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mân Nam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0_%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Наша эра – Tiếng Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Наша эра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0_%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Наша эра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Наша эра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%2589%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="कॉमन एरा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कॉमन एरा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_comuna" title="Era comuna – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Era comuna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A1%25C5%25A1_letopo%25C4%258Det" title="Náš letopočet – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Náš letopočet" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vor_tidsregning" title="Vor tidsregning – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vor tidsregning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A5%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A9" title="إيرا عامة – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إيرا عامة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N._u._Z." title="N. u. Z. – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="N. u. Z." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259A%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BD%25CE%25AE_%25CE%25A7%25CF%2581%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BB%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B3%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1_(%25CF%2587%25CF%2581%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BB%25CF%258C%25CE%25B3%25CE%25B7%25CF%2583%25CE%25B7)" title="Κοινή Χρονολογία (χρονολόγηση) – Tiếng Hy Lạp" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοινή Χρονολογία (χρονολόγηση)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hy Lạp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Common Era" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_com%25C3%25BAn" title="Era común – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Era común" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nia_erao" title="Nia erao – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nia erao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oraingo_Aroa" title="Oraingo Aroa – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Oraingo Aroa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586_%25D9%2585%25D8%25B4%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25DA%25A9" title="دوران مشترک – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوران مشترک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2588re_commune" title="Ère commune – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ère commune" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comh-R%25C3%25A9" title="Comh-Ré – Tiếng Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comh-Ré" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_com%25C3%25BAn" title="Era común – Tiếng Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Era común" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0" title="Вай зама – Tiếng Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Вай зама" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25B3%25B5%25ED%2586%25B5_%25EA%25B8%25B0%25EC%259B%2590" title="공통 기원 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공통 기원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580_%25D5%25A9%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580%25D5%25AF%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A9%25D5%25B5%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B6" title="Մեր թվարկություն – Tiếng Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեր թվարկություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2586%25E0%25A4%25AE_%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2597" title="आम युग – Tiếng Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आम युग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadawyan_a_Panawen" title="Kadawyan a Panawen – Tiếng Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kadawyan a Panawen" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_commun" title="Era commun – Tiếng Khoa Học Quốc Tế" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Era commun" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Khoa Học Quốc Tế" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okkar_t%25C3%25ADmatal" title="Okkar tímatal – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Okkar tímatal" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_volgare" title="Era volgare – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Era volgare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF_%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B3%2581%25E0%25B2%2597" title="ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಯುಗ – Tiếng Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ ಯುಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585_%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1" title="عام دور – Tiếng Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="عام دور" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D1%2596%25D2%25A3_%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD" title="Біздің заман – Tiếng Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Біздің заман" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos_Kemmyn" title="Oos Kemmyn – Tiếng Cornwall" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Oos Kemmyn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Cornwall" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ep%25C3%25B2k_nou_an" title="Epòk nou an – Tiếng Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Epòk nou an" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aera_vulgaris" title="Aera vulgaris – Tiếng La-tinh" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aera vulgaris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng La-tinh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eda_comun" title="Eda comun – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eda comun" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/la_cabna_cedra" title="la cabna cedra – Tiếng Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="la cabna cedra" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_comuna" title="Era comuna – Tiếng Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Era comuna" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Наша ера – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наша ера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B5%25BA_%25E0%25B4%2587%25E0%25B4%25B1" title="കോമൺ ഇറ – Tiếng Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോമൺ ഇറ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangbare_jaartelling" title="Gangbare jaartelling – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gangbare jaartelling" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E8%25A5%25BF%25E6%259A%25A6" title="西暦 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="西暦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD_%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Вайн эра – Tiếng Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Вайн эра" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%25C3%25A5r_tidsregning" title="Vår tidsregning – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vår tidsregning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fvt." title="Fvt. – Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fvt." data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2588ra_comuna" title="Èra comuna – Tiếng Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Èra comuna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizning_era" title="Bizning era – Tiếng Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bizning era" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naszej_ery" title="Naszej ery – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Naszej ery" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_Comum" title="Era Comum – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Era Comum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_comun%25C4%2583" title="Era comună – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Era comună" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D1%258B" title="Нашой еры – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нашой еры" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0_%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Наша эра – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наша эра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%259C%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%2594_%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%2594%25E0%25B6%259C%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="පොදු යුගය – Tiếng Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පොදු යුගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Common Era" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%25C5%25A1e_%25C5%25A1tetje_let" title="Naše štetje let – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Naše štetje let" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Нова ера – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нова ера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_era" title="Nova era – Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nova era" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%25C3%25A5r_tider%25C3%25A4kning" title="Vår tideräkning – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vår tideräkning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karaniwang_Panahon_(kalendaryong_Gregoryano)" title="Karaniwang Panahon (kalendaryong Gregoryano) – Tiếng Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Karaniwang Panahon (kalendaryong Gregoryano)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%258A%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2581_%25E0%25AE%258A%25E0%25AE%25B4%25E0%25AE%25BF" title="பொது ஊழி – Tiếng Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொது ஊழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D2%25A3_%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Безнең эра – Tiếng Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Безнең эра" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25AE%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25AF_%25E0%25B0%25B6%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%2582" title="సామాన్య శకం – Tiếng Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సామాన్య శకం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%258A" title="สากลศักราช – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สากลศักราช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milat" title="Milat – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Milat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0" title="Наша ера – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Наша ера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585_%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%2581" title="عام زمانہ – Tiếng Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عام زمانہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%2583" title="公元 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="公元" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%2583" title="公元 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="公元" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%25A6%25D7%2598%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%25A2_%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%2598-%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A2%25D7%259B%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2592" title="איצטיקע צייט-רעכענונג – Tiếng Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איצטיקע צייט-רעכענונג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%2583" title="公元 – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="公元" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%2585%25AC%25E5%2585%2583" title="公元 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="公元" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Trang này được sửa đổi lần cuối vào ngày 23 tháng 11 năm 2024, 16:05.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Nội dung được phát hành theo <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.vi">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, ngoại trừ khi có ghi chú khác.</li> </ul> <ul 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