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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1930s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1940s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>1950s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960s_and_1970s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s_and_1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>1960s and 1970s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s_and_1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communist_affiliation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communist_affiliation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Communist affiliation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communist_affiliation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illness_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illness_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Illness and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illness_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recognition_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Recognition and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recognition_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Filmography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radio_appearances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_appearances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Radio appearances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_appearances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Accolades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lucille Ball</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لوسيل بال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوسيل بال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لوسیل بال – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوسیل بال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2" title="লুসিল বল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুসিল বল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Люсіль Бол – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Люсіль Бол" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Люсил Бол – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Люсил Бол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ballov%C3%A1" title="Lucille Ballová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lucille Ballová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB" title="Λουσίλ Μπολ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουσίλ Μπολ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لوسیل بال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوسیل بال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%8B%A4_%EB%B3%BC" title="루실 볼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루실 볼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%AC_%D4%B2%D5%B8%D5%AC" title="Լյուսիլ Բոլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյուսիլ Բոլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="לוסיל בול – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוסיל בול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ლიუსილ ბოლი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიუსილ ბოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucilla_Ball" title="Lucilla Ball – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lucilla Ball" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%ABs%C4%ABla_Bola" title="Lūsīla Bola – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lūsīla Bola" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="لوسيل بول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لوسيل بول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="ルシル・ボール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルシル・ボール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Болл, Люсиль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Болл, Люсиль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ballov%C3%A1" title="Lucille Ballová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lucille Ballová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%B5" title="لوسیال باڵ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لوسیال باڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Лусил Бол – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лусил Бол" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lucille Ball" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Люсіль Болл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Люсіль Болл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84" title="لوسیل بال – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لوسیل بال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American actress (1911–1989)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Lucille Ball</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:LDBALL1950s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/LDBALL1950s.jpg/220px-LDBALL1950s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/LDBALL1950s.jpg/330px-LDBALL1950s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/LDBALL1950s.jpg/440px-LDBALL1950s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2604" data-file-height="4168" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ball in 1955</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Lucille Désirée Ball</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1911-08-06</span>)</span>August 6, 1911<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_New_York" title="Jamestown, New York">Jamestown, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 26, 1989<span style="display:none">(1989-04-26)</span> (aged 77)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Lake_View_Cemetery_(Jamestown,_New_York)" title="Lake View Cemetery (Jamestown, New York)">Lake View Cemetery, Jamestown</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Actress</li> <li>comedian</li> <li>producer</li> <li>studio executive</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1929–1989</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1940; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1960)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Morton" title="Gary Morton">Gary Morton</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1961)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucie_Arnaz" title="Lucie Arnaz">Lucie Arnaz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz_Jr." title="Desi Arnaz Jr.">Desi Arnaz Jr.</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Ball" title="Fred Ball">Fred Ball</a> (brother)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Suzan_Ball" title="Suzan Ball">Suzan Ball</a> (cousin)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucy_signature_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lucy_signature_cropped.svg/125px-Lucy_signature_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lucy_signature_cropped.svg/188px-Lucy_signature_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lucy_signature_cropped.svg/250px-Lucy_signature_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="238" data-file-height="259" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lucille Désirée Ball</b> (August 6, 1911 – April 26, 1989) was an American actress, comedian, producer, and studio executive. She was recognized by <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> in 2020 as one of the most influential women of the 20th century for her work in all four of these areas.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was nominated for 13 <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Awards</a>, winning five,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the recipient of several other accolades, such as the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award">Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award</a> and two stars on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She earned many honors, including the Women in Film <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Film_Crystal_%2B_Lucy_Awards#THE_CRYSTAL_AWARD" title="Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards">Crystal Award</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-WIF_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WIF-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an induction into the <a href="/wiki/Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Television Hall of Fame">Television Hall of Fame</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Governors Award from the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Television_Arts_%26_Sciences" title="Academy of Television Arts & Sciences">Academy of Television Arts & Sciences</a>. </p><p>Ball's career began in 1929 when she landed work as a model. Shortly thereafter, she began her performing career on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> using the stage name Diane (or Dianne) Belmont. She later appeared in films in the 1930s and 1940s as a contract player for <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Radio Pictures</a>, being cast as a chorus girl or in similar roles, with lead roles in <a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B-pictures</a> and supporting roles in A-pictures. During this time, she met Cuban bandleader <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a>, and they <a href="/wiki/Elopement" title="Elopement">eloped</a> in November 1940. In the 1950s, Ball ventured into television, where she and Arnaz created the sitcom <i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i>. She gave birth to their first child, <a href="/wiki/Lucie_Arnaz" title="Lucie Arnaz">Lucie</a>, in 1951,<sup id="cite_ref-Lucie_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz_Jr." title="Desi Arnaz Jr.">Desi Arnaz Jr.</a> in 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twoop-bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They divorced in March 1960, and she married comedian <a href="/wiki/Gary_Morton" title="Gary Morton">Gary Morton</a> in 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993224_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993224-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball produced<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and starred in the Broadway musical <i><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(musical)" title="Wildcat (musical)">Wildcat</a></i> from 1960 to 1961. In 1962, she became the first woman to run a major television studio, <a href="/wiki/Desilu_Productions" class="mw-redirect" title="Desilu Productions">Desilu Productions</a>, which produced many popular television series, including <i><a href="/wiki/Mission:_Impossible_(1966_TV_series)" title="Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series)">Mission: Impossible</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <i>Wildcat</i>, she reunited with <i>I Love Lucy</i> co-star <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Vance" title="Vivian Vance">Vivian Vance</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lucy_Show" title="The Lucy Show">The Lucy Show</a></i>, which Vance left in 1965. The show continued, with Ball's longtime friend and series regular <a href="/wiki/Gale_Gordon" title="Gale Gordon">Gale Gordon</a>, until 1968. Ball immediately began appearing in a new series, <i><a href="/wiki/Here%27s_Lucy" title="Here's Lucy">Here's Lucy</a></i>, with Gordon, frequent show guest <a href="/wiki/Mary_Jane_Croft" title="Mary Jane Croft">Mary Jane Croft</a>, and Lucie and Desi Jr.; this program ran until 1974. </p><p>Ball did not retire from acting completely, and in 1985 she took on a dramatic role in the <a href="/wiki/Television_film" title="Television film">television film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Stone_Pillow" title="Stone Pillow">Stone Pillow</a></i>. The next year, she starred in <i><a href="/wiki/Life_with_Lucy" title="Life with Lucy">Life with Lucy</a></i>, which, unlike her other sitcoms, was not well-received; it was canceled after three months. She did not appear in film or television roles for the rest of her career and died in 1989 from an <a href="/wiki/Abdominal_aortic_aneurysm" title="Abdominal aortic aneurysm">abdominal aortic aneurysm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arteriosclerotic_heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Arteriosclerotic heart disease">arteriosclerotic heart disease</a> at the age of 77. After her death, the <a href="/wiki/American_Comedy_Awards" title="American Comedy Awards">American Comedy Awards</a> were officially dubbed "The Lucy" after her. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown,_NY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_-_Downtown_Jamestown%2C_NY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Lucille Ball</figcaption></figure> <p>Lucille Désirée Ball was born on Sunday, August 6, 1911, at 69 Stewart Avenue in <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_New_York" title="Jamestown, New York">Jamestown, New York</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the first child and only daughter of Henry Durrell "Had" Ball, a <a href="/wiki/Lineman_(technician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lineman (technician)">lineman</a> for <a href="/wiki/Bell_Telephone_Company" title="Bell Telephone Company">Bell Telephone</a>, and Désirée Evelyn "DeDe" (née Hunt) Ball.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her family belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist church</a>. Her ancestors were mostly English, but a few were Scottish, French, and Irish.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200310_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200310-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall1997168–69_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall1997168–69-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some were among the earliest settlers in the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a>, including Elder John Crandall of <a href="/wiki/Westerly,_Rhode_Island" title="Westerly, Rhode Island">Westerly, Rhode Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Rice_(colonist)" title="Edmund Rice (colonist)">Edmund Rice</a>, an early emigrant from England to the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her father's Bell Telephone career frequently required the family to move during Lucy's early childhood. The first was to <a href="/wiki/Anaconda,_Montana" title="Anaconda, Montana">Anaconda, Montana</a>, and later to <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, New Jersey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 28, 1915, while living in <a href="/wiki/Wyandotte,_Michigan" title="Wyandotte, Michigan">Wyandotte, Michigan</a>, Lucy's father died of typhoid fever aged 27, when Lucy was only three years old.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, DeDe was pregnant with her second child, <a href="/wiki/Fred_Ball" title="Fred Ball">Fred Ball</a> (1915–2007). Lucille recalled little from the day her father died, except a bird getting trapped in the house, which caused her lifelong <a href="/wiki/Ornithophobia" title="Ornithophobia">ornithophobia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball's mother returned to New York, where maternal grandparents helped raise Lucy and her brother Fred in <a href="/wiki/Celoron,_New_York" title="Celoron, New York">Celoron</a>, a summer resort village on <a href="/wiki/Chautauqua_Lake" title="Chautauqua Lake">Chautauqua Lake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their home was at 59 West 8th Street (later renamed to 59 Lucy Lane). Also living in the house were Ball's aunt and uncle, Lola and George Mandicos, and their daughter, Lucy's first cousin Cleo. Having grown up with Lucy, Cleo would later work as a producer on several of Lucy's radio and television programs, and Lucy also introduced Cleo to her second husband, the <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i> critic <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Smith_(writer)" title="Cecil Smith (writer)">Cecil Smith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball loved Celoron Park, a popular amusement area at the time. Its boardwalk had a ramp to the lake that served as a children's slide, the Pier Ballroom, a roller-coaster, a bandstand, and a stage where vaudeville concerts and plays were presented.<sup id="cite_ref-Higham_1986_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Higham_1986-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four years after Henry Ball's death, DeDe married Edward Peterson. While they looked for work in another city, Peterson's parents cared for Lucy and Fred. Ball's step-grandparents were a puritanical Swedish couple who banished all mirrors from the house except one over the bathroom sink. When Lucy was caught admiring herself in it, she was severely chastised for being vain. She later said that this period of time affected her deeply, and it lasted seven or eight years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris199123–24_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris199123–24-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Lucy was 12, her stepfather encouraged her to audition for his <a href="/wiki/Shriners" title="Shriners">Shriners</a> organization that needed entertainers for the chorus line of its next show.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200316_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200316-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Ball was onstage, she realized that performing was a great way to gain praise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200320_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200320-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927, her family was forced to move to a small apartment in Jamestown after their house and furnishings were sold to settle a <a href="/wiki/Judgment_(law)" title="Judgment (law)">legal judgment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall199641_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall199641-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_Tennessee_Ernie_Ford_I_Love_Lucy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="911" /></a><figcaption> Ball with <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Ernie_Ford" title="Tennessee Ernie Ford">Tennessee Ernie Ford</a> (1954)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1925, Ball, then only 14, started dating Johnny DeVita, a 21-year-old local hoodlum. Her mother was unhappy with the relationship, and hoped the romance, which she was unable to influence, would burn out. After about a year, her mother tried to separate them by exploiting Ball's desire to be in show business. Despite the family's meager finances, in 1926, she enrolled Ball in the <a href="/wiki/John_Murray_Anderson" title="John Murray Anderson">John Murray Anderson</a> School for the Dramatic Arts,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in New York City,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200120_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200120-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200324_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200324-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where <a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> was a fellow student. Ball later said about that time in her life, "All I learned in drama school was how to be frightened."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003205_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003205-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ball's instructors felt she would not be successful in the entertainment business, and were unafraid to directly state this to her. </p><p>In the face of this harsh criticism, Ball was determined to prove her teachers wrong and returned to New York City in 1928. That same year, she began working for <a href="/wiki/Hattie_Carnegie" title="Hattie Carnegie">Hattie Carnegie</a> as an in-house model. Carnegie ordered Ball to bleach her brown hair blond, and she complied. Of this time in her life, Ball said: "Hattie taught me how to slouch properly in a $1,000 hand-sewn sequin dress and how to wear a $40,000 sable coat as casually as rabbit."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200330_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200330-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her acting forays were stilled at an early stage when she became ill with <a href="/wiki/Rheumatic_fever" title="Rheumatic fever">rheumatic fever</a> and was unable to work for two years.<sup id="cite_ref-NetGlimse_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NetGlimse-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930s">1930s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1930s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1932, she moved back to New York City to resume her pursuit of an acting career, where she supported herself by again working for Carnegie<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200133_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200133-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as the <a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_(cigarette)" title="Chesterfield (cigarette)">Chesterfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Cigarette_girl" title="Cigarette girl">cigarette girl</a>. Using the name Diane (sometimes spelled Dianne) Belmont, she started getting chorus work on Broadway,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200328_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200328-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it did not last. Ball was hired — but then quickly fired — by theater <a href="/wiki/Impresario" title="Impresario">impresario</a> <a href="/wiki/Earl_Carroll" title="Earl Carroll">Earl Carroll</a> from his <i>Vanities</i>, and by <a href="/wiki/Florenz_Ziegfeld_Jr." title="Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.">Florenz Ziegfeld Jr.</a> from a touring company of <i><a href="/wiki/Rio_Rita_(musical)" title="Rio Rita (musical)">Rio Rita</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_and_Joe_Penner_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="436" /></a><figcaption>Ball with <a href="/wiki/Joe_Penner" title="Joe Penner">Joe Penner</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Go_Chase_Yourself" title="Go Chase Yourself">Go Chase Yourself</a></i>, a 1938 RKO film in which she played <a href="/wiki/Leading_actor" title="Leading actor">second lead</a> to Penner</figcaption></figure> <p>After an uncredited stint as a <a href="/wiki/Goldwyn_Girls" title="Goldwyn Girls">Goldwyn Girl</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Scandals" title="Roman Scandals">Roman Scandals</a></i> (1933), starring <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Cantor" title="Eddie Cantor">Eddie Cantor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Stuart" title="Gloria Stuart">Gloria Stuart</a>, Ball moved permanently to Hollywood to appear in films. She had many small movie roles in the 1930s as a contract player for <a href="/wiki/RKO_Pictures" title="RKO Pictures">RKO Radio Pictures</a>, including a two-reel comedy short with <a href="/wiki/The_Three_Stooges" title="The Three Stooges">The Three Stooges</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Three_Little_Pigskins" title="Three Little Pigskins">Three Little Pigskins</a></i>, 1934) and a movie with the <a href="/wiki/Marx_Brothers" title="Marx Brothers">Marx Brothers</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Room_Service_(1938_film)" title="Room Service (1938 film)">Room Service</a></i>, 1938). Her first credited role came in <i><a href="/wiki/Chatterbox_(1936_film)" title="Chatterbox (1936 film)">Chatterbox</a></i> in 1936. She also appeared in several <a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ginger_Rogers" title="Ginger Rogers">Ginger Rogers</a> RKO musicals: as one of the featured models in <i><a href="/wiki/Roberta_(1935_film)" title="Roberta (1935 film)">Roberta</a></i> (1935), as the flower shop clerk in <i><a href="/wiki/Top_Hat" title="Top Hat">Top Hat</a></i> (1935), and in a brief <a href="/wiki/Supporting_character" title="Supporting character">supporting role</a> at the beginning of <i><a href="/wiki/Follow_the_Fleet" title="Follow the Fleet">Follow the Fleet</a></i> (1936).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ball played a larger part as an aspiring actress alongside Ginger Rogers, who was a distant maternal cousin, and Katharine Hepburn<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Stage_Door" title="Stage Door">Stage Door</a></i> (1937). </p><p>In 1936, she landed the role she hoped would lead her to Broadway, in the <a href="/wiki/Bartlett_Cormack" title="Bartlett Cormack">Bartlett Cormack</a> play <i><a href="/wiki/Hey_Diddle_Diddle" title="Hey Diddle Diddle">Hey Diddle Diddle</a></i>, a comedy set in a <a href="/wiki/Duplex_(building)" title="Duplex (building)">duplex</a> apartment in Hollywood. The play premiered in <a href="/wiki/Princeton,_New_Jersey" title="Princeton, New Jersey">Princeton, New Jersey</a>, on January 21, 1937, with Ball playing the part of Julie Tucker, "one of three roommates coping with neurotic directors, confused executives, and grasping stars, who interfere with the girls' ability to get ahead".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200173_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200173-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The play received good reviews, but problems existed with star <a href="/wiki/Conway_Tearle" title="Conway Tearle">Conway Tearle</a>, who was in poor health. Cormack wanted to replace him, but producer <a href="/wiki/Anne_Nichols" title="Anne Nichols">Anne Nichols</a> said the fault lay with the character and insisted the part needed to be rewritten. Unable to agree on a solution, the play closed after one week in Washington, D.C., when Tearle became gravely ill.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200173–74_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200173–74-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like many budding actresses, Ball picked up radio work to supplement her income and gain exposure. In 1937, she appeared regularly on <i>The <a href="/wiki/Phil_Baker_(comedian)" title="Phil Baker (comedian)">Phil Baker</a> Show</i>. When its run ended in 1938, Ball joined the cast of <i>The Wonder Show</i> starring <a href="/wiki/Jack_Haley" title="Jack Haley">Jack Haley</a>. There began her 50-year professional relationship with the show's announcer, <a href="/wiki/Gale_Gordon" title="Gale Gordon">Gale Gordon</a>. <i>The Wonder Show</i> lasted one season, with the final episode airing on April 7, 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1940s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg/180px-Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg/270px-Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg/360px-Lucille_Ball_-_Metro_Goldwyn_Mayer_post_card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2079" data-file-height="3304" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> postcard</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1940, Ball starred in <i><a href="/wiki/Dance,_Girl,_Dance" title="Dance, Girl, Dance">Dance, Girl, Dance</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appeared as the lead in the musical <i><a href="/wiki/Too_Many_Girls_(film)" title="Too Many Girls (film)">Too Many Girls</a></i>, where she met and fell in love with Cuban band leader <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a>, who played one of her character's four bodyguards in the movie. Ball signed with <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> in the 1940s, but never achieved major stardom there.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn1550225901_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn1550225901-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was known in Hollywood circles as "Queen of the B's (B-movies)"<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – a title previously held by <a href="/wiki/Fay_Wray" title="Fay Wray">Fay Wray</a> and later more closely associated with <a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Ida Lupino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marie_Windsor" title="Marie Windsor">Marie Windsor</a> – starring in a number of <a href="/wiki/B_movies_(Hollywood_Golden_Age)" title="B movies (Hollywood Golden Age)">B-movies</a>, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Five_Came_Back" title="Five Came Back">Five Came Back</a></i> (1939). </p><p>In 1942, Ball starred opposite <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Street" title="The Big Street">The Big Street</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MGM producer <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Freed" title="Arthur Freed">Arthur Freed</a> purchased the Broadway hit musical play <i><a href="/wiki/Du_Barry_Was_a_Lady_(film)" title="Du Barry Was a Lady (film)">Du Barry Was a Lady</a></i> (1943) especially for <a href="/wiki/Ann_Sothern" title="Ann Sothern">Ann Sothern</a>, but when she turned down the part, that role went to Ball, Sothern's real-life best friend. In 1943, Ball portrayed herself in <i><a href="/wiki/Best_Foot_Forward_(film)" title="Best Foot Forward (film)">Best Foot Forward</a></i>. In 1946, Ball starred in <i><a href="/wiki/Lover_Come_Back_(1946_film)" title="Lover Come Back (1946 film)">Lover Come Back</a></i> and the film noir <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Corner" title="The Dark Corner">The Dark Corner</a></i>. In 1947, she appeared in the murder mystery <i><a href="/wiki/Lured" title="Lured">Lured</a></i> as Sandra Carpenter, a <a href="/wiki/Taxi_dancer" title="Taxi dancer">taxi dancer</a> in London.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1948, Ball was cast as Liz Cooper, a wacky wife in <i><a href="/wiki/My_Favorite_Husband" title="My Favorite Husband">My Favorite Husband</a></i>, a radio comedy for <a href="/wiki/CBS_Radio" title="CBS Radio">CBS Radio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (At first, the character's name was Liz Cugat; this was changed because of confusion with real-life bandleader <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Cugat" title="Xavier Cugat">Xavier Cugat</a>, who sued.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1950s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG/220px-Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG/330px-Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG/440px-Lucy_desi_havana_cruise_1957.JPG 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Publicity photo for the premiere episode of the <a href="/wiki/The_Lucy%E2%80%93Desi_Comedy_Hour" title="The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour">Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG/220px-Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG/330px-Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG/440px-Lucy_in_scotland_1956.JPG 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="911" /></a><figcaption>A scene from the <i>I Love Lucy</i> episode "Lucy Goes to Scotland", 1956</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG/220px-Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG/330px-Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG/440px-Lucille_Ball_John_Wayne_1955.JPG 2x" data-file-width="762" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption>With <a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> in <i>I Love Lucy</i>, 1955</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG/220px-I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG/330px-I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG/440px-I_Love_Lucy_Cast.JPG 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Cast of <i>I Love Lucy</i> with <a href="/wiki/William_Frawley" title="William Frawley">William Frawley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Vance" title="Vivian Vance">Vivian Vance</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG/220px-Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG/330px-Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG/440px-Ann_Sothern_Lucille_Ball_Lucy_Havana_show_1957.JPG 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ann_Sothern" title="Ann Sothern">Ann Sothern</a> and Ball during 1957</figcaption></figure> <p><i>My Favorite Husband</i> was successful, and CBS asked Ball to develop it for television. She agreed, but insisted on working with her real-life husband, Arnaz. CBS executives were reluctant, thinking the public would not accept an Anglo-American redhead and a Cuban as a couple. CBS was initially unimpressed with the pilot episode, produced by the couple's Desilu Productions company. The pair went on the road with a <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a> act, in which Lucy played the zany housewife, who wants to get into a Cuban band leader's (Arnaz's) show. The tour was a hit, and CBS put <i>I Love Lucy</i> into their lineup.<sup id="cite_ref-title=Sotomayor:_More_'Splainin'_to_Do_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title=Sotomayor:_More_'Splainin'_to_Do-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i> ran on CBS from October 15, 1951, to May 6, 1957, and was not only a star vehicle for Lucille Ball, but also a potential means for her to salvage her marriage to Arnaz. Their relationship had become badly strained, in part because of their hectic performing schedules, which often kept them apart, but mostly due to Desi's attraction to other women.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the production of <i>I Love Lucy</i>, Ball and Arnaz wanted to remain in their Los Angeles home, but prime time in Los Angeles was too late to air a major network series live on the East Coast; broadcasting live from California would have meant giving most of the TV audience an inferior <a href="/wiki/Kinescope" title="Kinescope">kinescope</a> picture, delayed by at least a day.<sup id="cite_ref-titleI_Love_Lucy_Turns_50_-_Lucille_Ball,_Desi_Arnaz,_background_info_on_influential,_groundbreaking_TV_comedy|USA_Today_(Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Education)|Find_Articles_at_BNET.com_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleI_Love_Lucy_Turns_50_-_Lucille_Ball,_Desi_Arnaz,_background_info_on_influential,_groundbreaking_TV_comedy|USA_Today_(Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Education)|Find_Articles_at_BNET.com-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sponsor <a href="/wiki/Philip_Morris_USA" title="Philip Morris USA">Philip Morris</a> pressured the couple into relocating, not wanting day-old kinescopes airing in major East Coast markets, nor did they want to pay the extra cost that filming, processing, and editing would require. Instead, the couple offered to take a pay cut to finance filming on better-quality <a href="/wiki/35_mm_movie_film" title="35 mm movie film">35 mm</a> film, on the condition that Desilu would retain the rights of each episode once it aired. CBS agreed to relinquish the post-first-broadcast rights to Desilu, not realizing they were giving up a valuable and enduring asset. In 1957, CBS bought back the rights for $1,000,000 ($10.8 million in today's terms), financing Ball and Arnaz's down payment for the purchase of the former RKO Pictures studios, which they turned into Desilu Studios.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>I Love Lucy</i> dominated U.S. ratings for most of its run. An attempt was made to adapt the show for radio<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> using the "Breaking the Lease" episode (in which the Ricardos and Mertzes argue, and the Ricardos threaten to move, but find themselves stuck in a firm lease) as the pilot. The resulting radio audition disc has survived, but never aired. </p><p>A scene in which Lucy and Ricky practice the <a href="/wiki/Tango" title="Tango">tango</a>, in the episode "Lucy Does The Tango", evoked the longest recorded studio audience laugh in the history of the show — so long that the sound editor had to cut that section of the soundtrack in half.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-8230-8456-6_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-8230-8456-6-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the show's production breaks, Lucy and Desi starred together in two feature films: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Long,_Long_Trailer" title="The Long, Long Trailer">The Long, Long Trailer</a></i> (1954) and <i><a href="/wiki/Forever,_Darling" title="Forever, Darling">Forever, Darling</a></i> (1956). After <i>I Love Lucy</i> ended its run in 1957, the main cast continued to appear in occasional hour-long specials under the title <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lucy%E2%80%93Desi_Comedy_Hour" title="The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour">The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour</a></i> until 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along the way, Ball created a television dynasty and achieved several firsts. She was the first woman to head a TV production company, Desilu, which she had formed with Arnaz. After their divorce in 1960, she bought out his share and became a very actively engaged studio head.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Desilu and <i>I Love Lucy</i> pioneered a number of methods still in use in TV production today, such as filming before a live <a href="/wiki/Studio_audience" title="Studio audience">studio audience</a> with more than one camera, and distinct <a href="/wiki/Set_construction" title="Set construction">sets</a>, adjacent to each other.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Ball taught a 32-week <a href="/wiki/Acting_workshop" title="Acting workshop">comedy workshop</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Brandeis-Bardin_Institute" title="Brandeis-Bardin Institute">Brandeis-Bardin Institute</a>. She was quoted as saying, "You cannot teach someone comedy; either they have it or they don't."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKarol2004201_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarol2004201-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Desilu produced several other popular shows, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Untouchables_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Untouchables (1959 TV series)">The Untouchables</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Mission:_Impossible_(1966_TV_series)" title="Mission: Impossible (1966 TV series)">Mission: Impossible</a></i>. Ball sold her shares of the studio to <a href="/wiki/Gulf_and_Western_Industries" title="Gulf and Western Industries">Gulf+Western</a> in 1967 for $17,000,000 ($155 million in today's dollars), and it was renamed <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Television_(original)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramount Television (original)">Paramount Television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960s_and_1970s">1960s and 1970s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1960s and 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG/220px-Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG/330px-Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG/440px-Lucille_Ball_at_work_Heres_Lucy_1969.JPG 2x" data-file-width="736" data-file-height="884" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Here%27s_Lucy" title="Here's Lucy">Here's Lucy</a></i>, 1969</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_Lucie_Arnaz_Here%27s_Lucy_1973.jpg 2x" data-file-width="634" data-file-height="815" /></a><figcaption><i>Here's Lucy</i>, 1973</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1960 Broadway musical <i><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(musical)" title="Wildcat (musical)">Wildcat</a></i> ended its run early when producer and star Ball could not recover from a virus and continue the show after several weeks of returned ticket sales.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003220_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003220-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The show was the source of the song she made famous, "Hey, Look Me Over", which she performed with <a href="/wiki/Paula_Stewart" title="Paula Stewart">Paula Stewart</a> on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ed_Sullivan_Show" title="The Ed Sullivan Show">The Ed Sullivan Show</a></i>. Ball hosted a CBS Radio talk show entitled <i>Let's Talk to Lucy</i> in 1964–65.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also made a few more movies including <i><a href="/wiki/Yours,_Mine_and_Ours_(1968_film)" title="Yours, Mine and Ours (1968 film)">Yours, Mine, and Ours</a></i> (1968), and the musical <i><a href="/wiki/Mame_(film)" title="Mame (film)">Mame</a></i> (1974), and two more successful long-running sitcoms for CBS: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lucy_Show" title="The Lucy Show">The Lucy Show</a></i> (1962–68), which costarred Vivian Vance and Gale Gordon, and <i><a href="/wiki/Here%27s_Lucy" title="Here's Lucy">Here's Lucy</a></i> (1968–74), which also featured Gordon, as well as Lucy's real-life children, Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz, Jr. She appeared on the <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cavett" title="Dick Cavett">Dick Cavett</a> show in 1974 and discussed her work on <i>I Love Lucy</i>, and reminisced about her family history, the friends she missed from show business, and how she learned to be happy while married. She also told a story about how she helped discover an underground Japanese radio signal after accidentally picking up the signal on the fillings in her teeth.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball's close friends in the business included perennial co-star Vivian Vance and film stars <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Sothern" title="Ann Sothern">Ann Sothern</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ginger_Rogers" title="Ginger Rogers">Ginger Rogers</a>, and comedic television performers <a href="/wiki/Jack_Benny" title="Jack Benny">Jack Benny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Pepper" title="Barbara Pepper">Barbara Pepper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Merman" title="Ethel Merman">Ethel Merman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Wickes" title="Mary Wickes">Mary Wickes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Jane_Croft" title="Mary Jane Croft">Mary Jane Croft</a>; all except Garland appeared at least once on her various series. Former Broadway co-stars <a href="/wiki/Keith_Andes" title="Keith Andes">Keith Andes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paula_Stewart" title="Paula Stewart">Paula Stewart</a> also appeared at least once on her later sitcoms, as did <a href="/wiki/Joan_Blondell" title="Joan Blondell">Joan Blondell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rich_Little" title="Rich Little">Rich Little</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ann-Margret" title="Ann-Margret">Ann-Margret</a>. Ball mentored actress and singer <a href="/wiki/Carole_Cook" title="Carole Cook">Carole Cook</a>, and befriended <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Eden" title="Barbara Eden">Barbara Eden</a>, when Eden appeared on an episode of <i>I Love Lucy</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ball was originally considered by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> for the role of Mrs. Iselin in the Cold War thriller <i><a href="/wiki/The_Manchurian_Candidate_(1962_film)" title="The Manchurian Candidate (1962 film)">The Manchurian Candidate</a></i>. Director/producer <a href="/wiki/John_Frankenheimer" title="John Frankenheimer">John Frankenheimer</a>, however, had worked with <a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> in a mother role in <i><a href="/wiki/All_Fall_Down_(1962_film)" title="All Fall Down (1962 film)">All Fall Down</a></i>, and insisted on having her for the part.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979, she had signed a deal with <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> under <a href="/wiki/Fred_Silverman" title="Fred Silverman">Fred Silverman</a>'s watch after 28 years of working with <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> in order to deal with new comedy specials, but only one was aired as part of an agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball was the lead actress in a number of comedy television specials to about 1980, including <i>Lucy Calls the President</i>, which featured Vivian Vance, Gale Gordon, and Mary Jane Croft, and <i>Lucy Moves to NBC</i>, a special depicting a fictionalization of her move to the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> television network. In 1959, Ball became a friend and mentor to <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a>. She guested on Burnett's highly successful CBS-TV special <i><a href="/wiki/Carol_%2B_2" title="Carol + 2">Carol + 2</a></i> and the younger performer reciprocated by appearing on <i>The Lucy Show</i>. Ball was rumored to have offered Burnett a chance to star on her own sitcom, but in truth, Burnett was offered (and declined) <i>Here's Agnes</i> by CBS executives. She instead chose to create <a href="/wiki/The_Carol_Burnett_Show" title="The Carol Burnett Show">her own variety show</a> due to a stipulation that was on an existing contract she had with CBS.<sup id="cite_ref-Button_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Button-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two women remained close friends until Ball's death on April 26, 1989, which was Carol's birthday. Ball sent flowers every year on Burnett's birthday.<sup id="cite_ref-MitchellFink_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MitchellFink-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aside from her acting career, Ball became an assistant professor at <a href="/wiki/California_State_University,_Northridge" title="California State University, Northridge">California State University, Northridge</a> in 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s">1980s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_(210262351).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An aged Ball standing in a crowd of celebrities, wearing a black and gold sequinned dress with her characteristic red hair, looking fragile." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg/220px-One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg/330px-One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg/440px-One_of_the_last_photographs_of_Lucille_Ball_%28210262351%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5035" data-file-height="3339" /></a><figcaption>Ball in her last public appearance, at the <a href="/wiki/61st_Academy_Awards" title="61st Academy Awards">61st Academy Awards</a> in 1989, four weeks before her death. Her husband, Gary Morton, is at left.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the 1980s, Ball attempted to resurrect her television career. In 1982, she hosted a two-part <i><a href="/wiki/Three%27s_Company" title="Three's Company">Three's Company</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Retrospective" title="Retrospective">retrospective</a>, showing <a href="/wiki/Video_clip" title="Video clip">clips</a> from the show's first five seasons, summarizing memorable plotlines, and commenting on her love of the show.<sup id="cite_ref-titleTV_Land_March_2007_–To_Be_Continued_Free_Fridays;_Threes_Company_30th_Anniversary_–_Sitcoms_Online_Message_Boards_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleTV_Land_March_2007_–To_Be_Continued_Free_Fridays;_Threes_Company_30th_Anniversary_–_Sitcoms_Online_Message_Boards-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983, Lucille Ball and <a href="/wiki/Gary_Morton" title="Gary Morton">Gary Morton</a> partnered to set up a film and television production house at <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century Fox</a> that encompassed film and television productions as well as plans to produce plays.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball starred in a 1985 dramatic made-for-TV film about an elderly homeless woman, <i><a href="/wiki/Stone_Pillow" title="Stone Pillow">Stone Pillow</a></i>, which received mixed reviews, but had strong viewership. Her 1986 sitcom comeback <i><a href="/wiki/Life_with_Lucy" title="Life with Lucy">Life with Lucy</a></i>, costarring her longtime <a href="/wiki/Foil_(narrative)" title="Foil (narrative)">foil</a> <a href="/wiki/Gale_Gordon" title="Gale Gordon">Gale Gordon</a> and co-produced by Ball, Gary Morton, and prolific producer <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Spelling" title="Aaron Spelling">Aaron Spelling</a>, was canceled less than two months into its run by <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-titleLife_With_Lucy_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleLife_With_Lucy-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1988, Ball was named the Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1988, Ball was hospitalized after suffering a mild heart attack.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her last public appearance, just one month before her death, was at the <a href="/wiki/1989_Academy_Awards" title="1989 Academy Awards">1989 Academy Awards</a> telecast, in which she and fellow presenter <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> received a standing ovation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Communist_affiliation">Communist affiliation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Communist affiliation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Ball registered to vote in 1936, she listed her party affiliation as Communist, as did her brother and mother.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To sponsor the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_USA" title="Communist Party USA">Communist Party</a>'s 1936 candidate for the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Assembly" title="California State Assembly">California State Assembly</a>'s <a href="/wiki/California%27s_57th_State_Assembly_district" title="California's 57th State Assembly district">57th District</a>, Ball signed a certificate stating, "I am registered as affiliated with the Communist Party."<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, the Communist Party of California appointed her to the state's <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Committee">Central Committee</a>, according to records of the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_California" title="Secretary of State of California">Secretary of State of California</a>. In 1937, Hollywood writer <a href="/wiki/Rena_Vale" title="Rena Vale">Rena Vale</a>, a self-identified Communist, attended a class at an address identified to her as Ball's home according to her testimony given before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>' Special <a href="/wiki/House_Un-American_Activities_Committee" title="House Un-American Activities Committee">House Un-American Activities Committee</a> (HUAC), on July 22, 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, Vale affirmed this testimony in a sworn deposition: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>... within a few days after my third application to join the Communist Party was made, I received a notice to attend a meeting on North Ogden Drive, Hollywood; although it was a typed, unsigned note, merely requesting my presence at the address at 8 o'clock in the evening on a given day, I knew it was the long-awaited notice to attend Communist Party new members' classes ... on arrival at this address I found several others present; an elderly man informed us that we were the guests of the screen actress, Lucille Ball, and showed us various pictures, books, and other objects to establish that fact, and stated she was glad to loan her home for a Communist Party new members' class; ...<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In a 1944 <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9_News" title="Pathé News">Pathé News</a> newsreel titled "Fund Raising for Roosevelt", Ball was featured prominently among several stage and film stars at events in support of President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>'s fundraising campaign for the <a href="/wiki/March_of_Dimes" title="March of Dimes">March of Dimes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pathe_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pathe-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She stated that in the <a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election" title="1952 United States presidential election">1952 United States presidential election</a>, she voted for <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>. </p><p>On September 4, 1953, Ball met voluntarily with HUAC investigator William A. Wheeler in Hollywood and gave him sealed testimony. She stated that she had registered to vote as a Communist "or intended to vote the Communist Party ticket" in 1936 at her socialist grandfather's insistence.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She stated she "at no time intended to vote as a Communist". Her testimony was forwarded to <a href="/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover" title="J. Edgar Hoover">J. Edgar Hoover</a> in an FBI memorandum: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Ball stated she has never been a member of the Communist Party "to her knowledge" ... [She] did not know whether or not any meetings were ever held at her home at 1344 North Ogden Drive; stated ... [that if she had been appointed] as a delegate to the State Central Committee of the Communist Party of California in 1936 it was done without her knowledge or consent; [and stated that she] did not recall signing the document sponsoring EMIL FREED for the Communist Party nomination to the office of member of the assembly for the 57th District ... A review of the subject's file reflects no activity that would warrant her inclusion on the Security Index.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert200177–78_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert200177–78-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Immediately before the filming of episode 68 ("The Girls Go Into Business") of <i>I Love Lucy</i>, Desi Arnaz, instead of his usual audience warm-up, told the audience about Lucy and her grandfather. Reusing the line he had first given to <a href="/wiki/Hedda_Hopper" title="Hedda Hopper">Hedda Hopper</a> in an interview, he quipped: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The only thing red about Lucy is her hair, and even that is not legitimate.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_at_home_1947.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a> played Lucille Ball's husband in <i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1940, Ball met Cuban-born bandleader <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a> while filming the <a href="/wiki/Rodgers_and_Hart" title="Rodgers and Hart">Rodgers and Hart</a> stage hit <i>Too Many Girls</i>. They connected immediately, and eloped on November 30, 1940, two months after the film opened. Although Arnaz was drafted into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a> in 1942, he was classified for limited service due to a knee injury.<sup id="cite_ref-TCM_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCM-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He stayed in Los Angeles, organizing and performing <a href="/wiki/United_Service_Organizations" title="United Service Organizations">USO</a> shows for wounded <a href="/wiki/G.I." title="G.I.">G.I.s</a> brought back from the Pacific. </p><p>Ball filed for divorce in 1944, obtaining an <a href="/wiki/Interlocutory" title="Interlocutory">interlocutory</a> decree; however, she and Arnaz reconciled, precluding the entry of a final decree.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Colored glamorous shot of Lucille Ball and Arnaz standing: Both are smiling to the front. Ball at the left wears a ceremonial gown; Arnaz at right wears a tuxedo." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_and_Desi_Arnaz_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1462" data-file-height="1958" /></a><figcaption>Ball with <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a> in the 1950s</figcaption></figure> <p>On July 17, 1951, less than three weeks prior to her 40th birthday, Ball gave birth to daughter <a href="/wiki/Lucie_Arnaz" title="Lucie Arnaz">Lucie Désirée Arnaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lucie_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year and a half later, she gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz_Jr." title="Desi Arnaz Jr.">Desiderio Alberto Arnaz IV</a>, known as Desi Arnaz, Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twoop-bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before he was born, <i>I Love Lucy</i> was a solid ratings hit, and Ball and Arnaz wrote the pregnancy into the show. Ball's necessary and planned <a href="/wiki/Caesarean_section" title="Caesarean section">caesarean section</a> in real life was scheduled for the same date that her television character gave birth.<sup id="cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twoop-bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CBS insisted that a pregnant woman could not be shown on television, nor could the word "pregnant" be spoken on-air. After approval from several religious figures,<sup id="cite_ref-Memo_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Memo-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the network allowed the pregnancy story line, but insisted that the word "expecting" be used instead of "pregnant". (Arnaz garnered laughs when he deliberately mispronounced it as "spectin<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>".)<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The episode's official title is "Lucy Is Enceinte", borrowing the French word for pregnant;<sup id="cite_ref-Cavett_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cavett-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, episode titles never appeared on-screen. </p><p>The episode aired on the evening of January 19, 1953, with 44 million viewers watching Lucy Ricardo welcome little Ricky, while in real life Ball delivered her second child, Desi Jr., that same day in Los Angeles. The birth made the cover of the first issue of <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a></i> for the week of April 3–9, 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1956, Ball, Arnaz, Vance, and William Frawley all appeared on a <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> special on <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>, including a spoof of <i>I Love Lucy</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the only time all four stars were together on a color <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">telecast</a>. By the end of the 1950s, Desilu had become a large company, causing a good deal of stress for both Ball and Arnaz.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Previous ref not a reliable source (March 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On March 3, 1960, a day after Desi's 43rd birthday (and one day after filming the final episode of <i>The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour</i>), Ball filed papers in Santa Monica Superior Court, claiming married life with Desi was "a nightmare" and nothing at all as it appeared on <i>I Love Lucy</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 4, 1960, they divorced; however, until his death in 1986, Arnaz and Ball remained friends and often spoke fondly of each other. Her real-life divorce indirectly found its way into her later television series, as she was always cast as an unmarried woman, each time a widow.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following year, Ball starred in the Broadway musical <i><a href="/wiki/Wildcat_(musical)" title="Wildcat (musical)">Wildcat</a></i>, co-starring Keith Andes and Paula Stewart. It marked the beginning of a 30-year friendship with Stewart, who introduced Ball to second husband <a href="/wiki/Gary_Morton" title="Gary Morton">Gary Morton</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Borscht_Belt" title="Borscht Belt">Borscht Belt</a> comic 13 years her junior.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993216_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993216-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morton and Ball married on November 19, 1961. According to Ball, Morton claimed he had never seen an episode of <i>I Love Lucy</i> due to his hectic work schedule. She immediately installed Morton in her production company, teaching him the television business and eventually promoting him to producer; he also played occasional bit parts on her various series.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200394,_103_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200394,_103-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had homes in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs, California</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Snowmass_Village,_Colorado" title="Snowmass Village, Colorado">Snowmass Village, Colorado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Flint_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flint-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Letters regarding her marriage to Morton were published: "Boy, did I pick a winner!" Ball wrote to a friend in 1983 after she married Morton in 1961. "After 19 years with that Latin lover I never expected to marry again, but I'm glad I did!" </p><p>Ball was outspoken against the relationship her son had with actress <a href="/wiki/Patty_Duke" title="Patty Duke">Patty Duke</a>. Later, commenting on when her son dated <a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a>, she said: "I miss Liza, but you cannot domesticate Liza."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200335–37_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200335–37-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illness_and_death">Illness and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Illness and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_Gravestone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Lucille Ball's grave in <a href="/wiki/Lakeview_Cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakeview Cemetery">Lakeview Cemetery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_New_York" title="Jamestown, New York">Jamestown, New York</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On April 18, 1989, Ball was admitted to <a href="/wiki/Cedars-Sinai_Medical_Center" title="Cedars-Sinai Medical Center">Cedars-Sinai Medical Center</a> in Los Angeles after experiencing chest pains. She was diagnosed with a <a href="/wiki/Aortic_dissection" title="Aortic dissection">dissecting aortic aneurysm</a> and underwent a 7-hour surgery to repair her aorta and successfully install an <a href="/wiki/Aortic_valve_replacement" title="Aortic valve replacement">aortic valve replacement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Flint_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flint-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after dawn on Wednesday, April 26, Ball awoke with severe back pain, then lost consciousness;<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she died at 5:47 a.m. PDT at age 77, only two years and 4 months after the death of <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Desi Arnaz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Flint_95-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flint-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LAT-obit_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT-obit-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doctors determined that Ball had succumbed to a ruptured <a href="/wiki/Abdominal_aortic_aneurysm" title="Abdominal aortic aneurysm">abdominal aortic aneurysm</a> not directly related to her surgery. </p><p>Three memorial services were held for Ball.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After her death, the body was cremated. The ashes were originally inurned in a columbarium niche at <a href="/wiki/Forest_Lawn_Memorial_Park_(Hollywood_Hills)" title="Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)">Forest Lawn – Hollywood Hills Cemetery</a> in Los Angeles, where her mother was also buried. In 2002, Ball's and her mother's remains were re-interred at the Hunt family plot at Lake View Cemetery in Jamestown, New York, in accordance with Ball's wishes to be buried near her mother.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remains of her brother, Fred Henry Ball, were also interred there in 2007. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition_and_legacy">Recognition and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Recognition and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_(3831372291).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_%283831372291%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Ball's <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a> star for her television work</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg/220px-Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg/330px-Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg/440px-Lucille_Ball_Museum_Set_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Lucille Ball Museum <i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i> set</figcaption></figure> <p>Ball received many tributes, honors, and awards throughout her career and posthumously. On February 8, 1960, she was given two stars on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a>: at 6436 Hollywood Boulevard, for contributions to <a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_with_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame_motion_picture_stars" title="List of actors with Hollywood Walk of Fame motion picture stars">motion pictures</a>; and at 6100 Hollywood Boulevard, for her contribution to the arts and sciences of television.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1964, Ball and her second husband Morton attended "Lucy Day", a celebration in her honor held by the New York World's Fair.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris1991278_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris1991278-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Acting on advice given to her by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Vincent_Peale" title="Norman Vincent Peale">Norman Vincent Peale</a> in the early 1960s, Ball collaborated with Betty Hannah Hoffman on an autobiography that covered her life until 1964. Her former attorney found the manuscript, postmarked 1966, while going through old files. He sent it and the tapes of interviews, conducted by Hoffman and used to write the manuscript, to Lucie Jr. and Desi Jr, who had been put in charge of Ball's estate.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was subsequently published by <a href="/wiki/Berkley_Books" title="Berkley Books">Berkley Publishing Group</a> in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall1997_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall1997-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book was released on audio through <a href="/wiki/Audible_(service)" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a> on July 9, 2018, read by her daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1976, CBS paid tribute to Ball with the two-hour special <i>CBS Salutes Lucy: The First 25 Years.</i><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Ball and Arnaz appeared on the screen for the special, which is the first time they appeared together in 16 years since their divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris1991306–307_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris1991306–307-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 7, 1986, Ball was recognized as a <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> recipient. The part of the event focused on Ball was particularly poignant, as Desi Arnaz, who was to introduce Lucy at the event, had died from cancer just five days earlier. Friend and former Desilu star <a href="/wiki/Robert_Stack" title="Robert Stack">Robert Stack</a> delivered the emotional introduction in Arnaz's place.<sup id="cite_ref-Lucy_and_Desi_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucy_and_Desi-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Desi_Arnaz_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Desi_Arnaz-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_award" title="Posthumous award">Posthumously</a>, Ball received the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> from President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> on July 6, 1989,<sup id="cite_ref-LATMetal_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATMetal-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and The Women's International Center's Living Legacy Award.<sup id="cite_ref-titleWelcome_to_Womens_International_Center_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleWelcome_to_Womens_International_Center-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamestown,_New_York_(4303088285).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg/220px-Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg/330px-Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg/440px-Jamestown%2C_New_York_%284303088285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The Lucille Ball Little Theatre in Ball's hometown of Jamestown, New York</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball_Desi_Arnaz_Museum_%26_Center_for_Comedy" title="Lucille Ball Desi Arnaz Museum & Center for Comedy">Lucille Ball Desi Arnaz Museum & Center for Comedy</a> is in Ball's hometown of Jamestown, New York. The Little Theatre was renamed the <a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball_Little_Theatre" title="Lucille Ball Little Theatre">Lucille Ball Little Theatre</a> in her honor.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Lucille_Ball_Little_Theater_of_Jamestown,_INC._111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Lucille_Ball_Little_Theater_of_Jamestown,_INC.-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The street she was born on was renamed Lucy Lane. </p><p>Ball was among <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> magazine's "100 Most Important People of the Century".<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 7, 1990, <a href="/wiki/Universal_Studios_Florida" title="Universal Studios Florida">Universal Studios Florida</a> opened a walk-through attraction dedicated to Ball, <i>Lucy – A Tribute.</i> It featured clips of shows, facts about her life, displays of items she owned or that were associated with her, and an interactive quiz. It remained open until August 17, 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Lucy_-_A_Tribute_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucy_-_A_Tribute-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1991, CBS aired <i><a href="/wiki/Lucy_%26_Desi:_Before_the_Laughter" title="Lucy & Desi: Before the Laughter">Lucy & Desi: Before the Laughter</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Frances_Fisher" title="Frances Fisher">Frances Fisher</a>. </p><p>On August 6, 2001, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> honored what would have been Ball's 90th birthday with a <a href="/wiki/Commemorative_stamp" title="Commemorative stamp">commemorative stamp</a> as part of its Legends of Hollywood series.<sup id="cite_ref-titleUSPS_–_Stamp_Release_No._01-057_-_LEGENDARY_HOLLYWOOD_STAR_LUCILLE_BALL_HONORED_ON_U.S._POSTAGE_STAMP_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleUSPS_–_Stamp_Release_No._01-057_-_LEGENDARY_HOLLYWOOD_STAR_LUCILLE_BALL_HONORED_ON_U.S._POSTAGE_STAMP-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball appeared on 39 covers of <i>TV Guide,</i> more than any other person, including its first cover in 1953 with her baby son, Desi Arnaz Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-titleLucille_Ball_Photos,_Bio_and_News_for_Lucille_Ball|TVGuide.com_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleLucille_Ball_Photos,_Bio_and_News_for_Lucille_Ball|TVGuide.com-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>TV Guide</i> voted her the "Greatest TV Star of All Time", and later commemorated the 50th anniversary of <i>I Love Lucy</i> with eight covers celebrating memorable scenes from the show. In 2008, it named <i>I Love Lucy</i> the second-best television program in American history, after <i><a href="/wiki/Seinfeld" title="Seinfeld">Seinfeld</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-titleTiVo_Community_Forums_Archives_–_TV_Guides_50_Best_Shows_of_All_Time_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleTiVo_Community_Forums_Archives_–_TV_Guides_50_Best_Shows_of_All_Time-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For her contributions to the <a href="/wiki/Second-wave_feminism" title="Second-wave feminism">Women's Movement</a>, Ball was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a> in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Womens_Hall_of_Fame_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Womens_Hall_of_Fame-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Friars_Club" title="New York Friars Club">Friars Club</a> named a room in its New York clubhouse the Lucille Ball Room.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was posthumously awarded the Legacy of Laughter Award at the fifth Annual <a href="/wiki/TV_Land_Award" title="TV Land Award">TV Land Awards</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2007, she was chosen as number two on a list of the 50 Greatest TV Icons; however, a public poll chose her as number one.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 6, 2011, Google's homepage showed an interactive <a href="/wiki/Google_Doodle" title="Google Doodle">doodle</a> of six classic moments from <i>I Love Lucy</i> to commemorate what would have been Ball's 100th birthday.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same day, 915 Ball look-alikes converged on Jamestown to celebrate the birthday and set a new world record for such a gathering.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2009, a <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Lucille_Ball_(Celoron,_New_York)" title="Statue of Lucille Ball (Celoron, New York)">statue of Ball</a> has been on display in Celoron, New York, that residents deemed "scary" and not accurate, earning it the nickname "Scary Lucy".<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 1, 2016, it was announced that a new statue of Ball would replace it on August 6.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the old statue had become a local tourist attraction after receiving media attention, and it was placed 75 yards (69 m) from its original location so visitors could view both statues.<sup id="cite_ref-TNYT_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNYT-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rachel_York" title="Rachel York">Rachel York</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madeline_Zima" title="Madeline Zima">Madeline Zima</a> portrayed Ball in a biographical television film titled <i><a href="/wiki/Lucy_(2003_film)" title="Lucy (2003 film)">Lucy</a></i> which was directed by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Jordan" title="Glenn Jordan">Glenn Jordan</a> and originally broadcast on <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> on May 4, 2003. </p><p>In 2015, it was announced that Ball would be played by <a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a> in an untitled biographical film, to be written and directed by <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a>. Subsequently, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a> was hired to portray Ball when Sorkin's film entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Being_the_Ricardos" title="Being the Ricardos">Being the Ricardos</a></i> was produced in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 8, 2022, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Kidman" title="Nicole Kidman">Nicole Kidman</a> received a nomination for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress" title="Academy Award for Best Actress">Academy Award for Best Actress</a> for her portrayal of Ball.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kidman also won the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_in_a_Motion_Picture_%E2%80%93_Drama" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama">Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama</a> for her performance.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2017 episode of <i><a href="/wiki/Will_%26_Grace" title="Will & Grace">Will & Grace</a></i> paid homage to Ball by replicating the 1963 shower scene from the episode "Lucy and Viv Put in a Shower" from <i>The Lucy Show</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three years later, an entire episode was dedicated to her by recreating four scenes from <i>I Love Lucy</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball's character <a href="/wiki/Lucy_and_Ricky_Ricardo" title="Lucy and Ricky Ricardo">Lucy Ricardo</a> was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Gillian_Anderson" title="Gillian Anderson">Gillian Anderson</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/American_Gods_(TV_series)" title="American Gods (TV series)">American Gods</a></i> episode "The Secret of Spoons" (2017).<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Drew" title="Sarah Drew">Sarah Drew</a> in the play <i>I Love Lucy: A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Sitcom</i>, a comedy about how Ball and her husband battled to get their sitcom on the air. It premiered in Los Angeles on July 12, 2018, co-starring <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Nunez" title="Oscar Nunez">Oscar Nuñez</a> as Desi Arnaz, and <a href="/wiki/Seamus_Dever" title="Seamus Dever">Seamus Dever</a> as <i>I Love Lucy</i> producer-head writer <a href="/wiki/Jess_Oppenheimer" title="Jess Oppenheimer">Jess Oppenheimer</a>. The play was written by Oppenheimer's son, Gregg Oppenheimer.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> broadcast a serialized version of the play in the UK in August 2020, as <i>LUCY LOVES DESI: A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Sitcom,</i> starring <a href="/wiki/Anne_Heche" title="Anne Heche">Anne Heche</a> as Ball.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2023, <a href="/wiki/L.A._Theatre_Works" title="L.A. Theatre Works">L.A. Theatre Works</a> mounted a 22-city U.S. national tour of the play (as <i>LUCY LOVES DESI: A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Sitcom.</i>), starring Ellis Greer as Ball.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ball was a well-known gay-rights supporter, stating in a 1980 interview with <i>People</i>: "It's perfectly all right with me. Some of the most gifted people I've ever met or read about are homosexual. How can you knock it?"<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lucille_Ball_performances" title="List of Lucille Ball performances">List of Lucille Ball performances</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio_appearances">Radio appearances</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Radio appearances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Program</th> <th>Episode</th> <th>Notes</th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td>1940 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Campbell_Playhouse_(radio_series)" title="The Campbell Playhouse (radio series)">The Campbell Playhouse</a></i> </td> <td>"Dinner at Eight" </td> <td>with <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a>, Marjorie Rambeau and <a href="/wiki/Hedda_Hopper" title="Hedda Hopper">Hedda Hopper</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1943 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mail_Call_(radio_program)" title="Mail Call (radio program)">Mail Call</a></i> </td> <td>"The Wedding Night" </td> <td>with <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Kennedy" title="Edgar Kennedy">Edgar Kennedy</a>, Patsy Moran and <a href="/wiki/Laurel_and_Hardy" title="Laurel and Hardy">Laurel and Hardy</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1944 </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Suspense_(radio_drama)" title="Suspense (radio drama)">Suspense</a></i> </td> <td>"Dime a Dance" </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>"The Ten Grand" </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Lux_Radio_Theatre" title="Lux Radio Theatre">Lux Radio Theatre</a></i> </td> <td>"Lucky Partners" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1945 </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>Suspense</i> </td> <td>"A Shroud for Sarah" </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1947 </td> <td>"Taxi Dancer" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Lux Radio Theatre</i> </td> <td>"The Dark Corner" </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Screen_Directors_Playhouse_(radio_series)" title="Screen Directors Playhouse (radio series)">Screen Directors Playhouse</a></i> </td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_Mother" title="Bachelor Mother">Bachelor Mother</a>" </td> <td> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1948–1951 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/My_Favorite_Husband" title="My Favorite Husband">My Favorite Husband</a></i> </td> <td>124 episodes </td> <td>(July 5, 1948 – March 31, 1951) </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accolades">Accolades</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Accolades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ball's awards and nominations references:<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OFTA_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFTA-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="18%">Association </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Category </th> <th width="15%">Nominated Work </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Comedy_Awards" title="American Comedy Awards">American Comedy Awards</a> </td> <td>1987 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Comedy_Awards" title="American Comedy Awards">Lifetime Achievement Award in Comedy</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Apple_Award" title="Golden Apple Award">Golden Apple Awards</a> </td> <td>1963 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Apple_Award" title="Golden Apple Award">Most Cooperative Actress</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Apple_Award" title="Golden Apple Award">Female Star of the Year</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards" title="Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globes</a> </td> <td>1961 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Motion_Picture_Comedy_or_Musical" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical">Best Actress — Motion Picture Comedy or Musical</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Facts_of_Life_(film)" title="The Facts of Life (film)">The Facts of Life</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="6" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Musical_or_Comedy" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy">Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lucy_Show" title="The Lucy Show">The Lucy Show</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td>Best Actress — Motion Picture Comedy or Musical </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Yours,_Mine_and_Ours_(1968_film)" title="Yours, Mine and Ours (1968 film)">Yours, Mine and Ours</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Musical_or_Comedy" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy">Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Here%27s_Lucy" title="Here's Lucy">Here's Lucy</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td>Best Actress — Motion Picture Comedy or Musical </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mame_(film)" title="Mame (film)">Mame</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award">Cecil B. DeMille Award</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hasty_Pudding_Theatricals" title="Hasty Pudding Theatricals">Hasty Pudding Theatricals</a> </td> <td>1988 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" title="Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year">Woman of the Year</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>International Radio and Television Society </td> <td>1971 </td> <td>International Radio and Television Society - Gold Medal </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> </td> <td>1986 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Awards" title="Laurel Awards">Laurel Awards</a> </td> <td>1961 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Awards" title="Laurel Awards">Top Female Comedy Performance</a> </td> <td><i>The Facts of Life</i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Awards" title="Laurel Awards">Female Comedy Performance</a> </td> <td><i>Yours, Mine and Ours</i> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Online_Film_%26_Television_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Film & Television Association">Online Film & Television Association</a> (OFTA) TV Awards </td> <td>1997 </td> <td>Television Hall of Fame — Actors and Actresses<sup id="cite_ref-OFTA_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OFTA-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs_International_Film_Festival" title="Palm Springs International Film Festival">Palm Springs International Film Festival</a> </td> <td>1990 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs_International_Film_Festival#Awards" title="Palm Springs International Film Festival">Desert Palm Achievement Award</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Awards</a> </td> <td>1952 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1953 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1956 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><i>I Love Lucy</i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1957 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i>The Lucy Show</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967 </td> <td rowspan="9" style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governors_Awards" title="Governors Awards">Governor's Award</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/TCA_Awards" title="TCA Awards">TCA Awards</a> </td> <td>1989 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TCA_Awards" title="TCA Awards">Career Achievement Award</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/TV_Land_Award" title="TV Land Award">TV Land Awards</a> </td> <td>2007 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TV_Land_Award" title="TV Land Award">Legacy of Laughter Award</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Walk of Fame</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">1960 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_on_the_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame">Television — 6100 Hollywood, Blvd.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_on_the_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="List of stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame">Motion Picture — 6436 Hollywood, Blvd.</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Film_Crystal_%2B_Lucy_Awards" title="Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards">Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards</a> </td> <td>1977 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Film_Crystal_%2B_Lucy_Awards" title="Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards">Crystal Award</a> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDamico2022" class="citation book cs1">Damico, Amy M. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JwXHEAAAQBAJ&dq=lucille+ball+important+early+woman+executive&pg=PT73">"Chapter 4: Profiles; Section Lucille Ball (1911-1989)"</a>. <i>Women in Media: A Reference Handbook</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9798216166740" title="Special:BookSources/9798216166740"><bdi>9798216166740</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+4%3A+Profiles%3B+Section+Lucille+Ball+%281911-1989%29&rft.btitle=Women+in+Media%3A+A+Reference+Handbook&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9798216166740&rft.aulast=Damico&rft.aufirst=Amy+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJwXHEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dlucille%2Bball%2Bimportant%2Bearly%2Bwoman%2Bexecutive%26pg%3DPT73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180614072100/https://www.punoftheday.com/lucille-ball.html">"Lucille Ball: Biography"</a>. punoftheday.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.punoftheday.com/lucille-ball.html">the original</a> on June 14, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Ball wins four Emmys and nominated for a total of 13</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball%3A+Biography&rft.pub=punoftheday.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.punoftheday.com%2Flucille-ball.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walkoffame.com/lucille-ball">"Lucille Ball | Hollywood Walk of Fame"</a>. <i>www.walkoffame.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.walkoffame.com&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball+%7C+Hollywood+Walk+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walkoffame.com%2Flucille-ball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120310052511/http://www.goldenglobes.org/cecil70">"The Cecil B. DeMille Award"</a>. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goldenglobes.org/cecil70">the original</a> on March 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cecil+B.+DeMille+Award&rft.pub=Hollywood+Foreign+Press+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldenglobes.org%2Fcecil70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WIF-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WIF_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110630083646/http://www.wif.org/past-recipients">"Past Recipients: Crystal Award"</a>. <i>Women In Film</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wif.org/past-recipients">the original</a> on June 30, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Women+In+Film&rft.atitle=Past+Recipients%3A+Crystal+Award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwif.org%2Fpast-recipients&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081209052332/http://www.kennedy-center.org/programs/specialevents/honors/history.cfm">"List of Kennedy Center Honorees"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts">John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=John+F.+Kennedy+Center+for+the+Performing+Arts&rft.atitle=List+of+Kennedy+Center+Honorees&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kennedy-center.org%2Fprograms%2Fspecialevents%2Fhonors%2Fhistory.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lucie-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lucie_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lucie_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080320094244/http://www.fandango.com/luciearnaz/filmography/p2323">"Lucie Arnaz Filmography"</a>. Fandango. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fandango.com/luciearnaz/filmography/p2323">the original</a> on March 20, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lucie+Arnaz+Filmography&rft.pub=Fandango&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fandango.com%2Fluciearnaz%2Ffilmography%2Fp2323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twoop-bio-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-twoop-bio_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twoop.com/people/lucille_ball.html">"Lucille Ball Timeline and Biography"</a>. twoop.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Ball gives birth to her children</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball+Timeline+and+Biography&rft.pub=twoop.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twoop.com%2Fpeople%2Flucille_ball.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993224-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993224_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSandersGilbert1993">Sanders & Gilbert 1993</a>, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuskin2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Suskin" title="Steven Suskin">Suskin, Steven</a> (March 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HsETDAAAQBAJ&q=wildcat+1960+broadway+producers&pg=PA303"><i>Show Tunes: The Songs, Shows, and Careers of Broadway's Major Composers</i></a>. Oxford University Press, USA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-531407-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-531407-6"><bdi>978-0-19-531407-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Show+Tunes%3A+The+Songs%2C+Shows%2C+and+Careers+of+Broadway%27s+Major+Composers&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+USA&rft.date=2010-03-09&rft.isbn=978-0-19-531407-6&rft.aulast=Suskin&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHsETDAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dwildcat%2B1960%2Bbroadway%2Bproducers%26pg%3DPA303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Arnaz Quits Presidency Of Desilu; Former Wife, Lucille Ball, Gets Post", <i>Wall Street Journal</i>, November 9, 1962, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2018700782/">"The home at 69 Stewart Ave., Jamestown, NY where the family of Lucille Ball, a pioneer female television comedian whose landmark television show, "I Love Lucy," captivated U.S. audiences in the early 1950s, lived when she was born"</a>. <i>Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.+20540+USA&rft.atitle=The+home+at+69+Stewart+Ave.%2C+Jamestown%2C+NY+where+the+family+of+Lucille+Ball%2C+a+pioneer+female+television+comedian+whose+landmark+television+show%2C+%22I+Love+Lucy%2C%22+captivated+U.S.+audiences+in+the+early+1950s%2C+lived+when+she+was+born&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F2018700782%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180805083354/https://www.fentonhistorycenter.org/special-features/lucille-ball/the-many-names-of-lucy-and-family/">"The Many Names of Lucy and Family - Fenton History Center"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fentonhistorycenter.org/special-features/lucille-ball/the-many-names-of-lucy-and-family/">the original</a> on August 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Many+Names+of+Lucy+and+Family+-+Fenton+History+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fentonhistorycenter.org%2Fspecial-features%2Flucille-ball%2Fthe-many-names-of-lucy-and-family%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200310-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200310_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall1997168–69-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall1997168–69_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBall1997">Ball 1997</a>, pp. 168–69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nychauta/CEMETERY/ForestHill/LucilleBall.html">"Some Ancestral Remains of Lucille Ball"</a>. Rootsweb.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Some+Ancestral+Remains+of+Lucille+Ball&rft.pub=Rootsweb.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rootsweb.ancestry.com%2F~nychauta%2FCEMETERY%2FForestHill%2FLucilleBall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120312235407/http://www.edmund-rice.org/era5gens/p3.htm#i334023">"Isaac Ball (1747-?)"</a>. Edmund Rice (1638) Association. Lucille Desiree Ball (1911–1989) was a descendant of Edmund Rice as follows: Edmund Rice (1594–1663); Henry Rice (1617–1711); Elizabeth Rice (1648–1740); Mary Brewer (1680–?); Isaac Ball (? –1789); Isaac Ball (1747–1790); Isaac Ball (1787–1865); Clinton Manross Ball (1817–1893); Jasper Clinton Ball (1852–933); Henry Durell Ball (1887–1915) and Lucille Désirée Ball (1911–1989). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edmund-rice.org/era5gens/p3.htm#i334023">the original</a> on March 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Isaac+Ball+%281747-%3F%29&rft.pub=Edmund+Rice+%281638%29+Association.+Lucille+Desiree+Ball+%281911%E2%80%931989%29+was+a+descendant+of+Edmund+Rice+as+follows%3A+Edmund+Rice+%281594%E2%80%931663%29%3B+Henry+Rice+%281617%E2%80%931711%29%3B+Elizabeth+Rice+%281648%E2%80%931740%29%3B+Mary+Brewer+%281680%E2%80%93%3F%29%3B+Isaac+Ball+%28%3F+%E2%80%931789%29%3B+Isaac+Ball+%281747%E2%80%931790%29%3B+Isaac+Ball+%281787%E2%80%931865%29%3B+Clinton+Manross+Ball+%281817%E2%80%931893%29%3B+Jasper+Clinton+Ball+%281852%E2%80%93933%29%3B+Henry+Durell+Ball+%281887%E2%80%931915%29+and+Lucille+D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e+Ball+%281911%E2%80%931989%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edmund-rice.org%2Fera5gens%2Fp3.htm%23i334023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ba-Be/Ball-Lucille.html">"Lucille Ball Biography"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of World Biography</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball+Biography&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.notablebiographies.com%2FBa-Be%2FBall-Lucille.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Patch, Jason Alley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://patch.com/michigan/wyandotte/lucille-ball-lived-in-wyandotte-as-a-young-child">[1]</a>, patch.com, August 7, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,859647-6,00.html">"Radio: Sassafrassa, the Queen"</a>. <i>Time</i>. May 26, 1952. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X">0040-781X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Radio%3A+Sassafrassa%2C+the+Queen&rft.date=1952-05-26&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C859647-6%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarryl_J._LittletonTuezdae_Littleton2012" class="citation book cs1">Darryl J. Littleton; Tuezdae Littleton (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Iz_S7n9bWW8C&pg=PT43"><i>Comediennes: Laugh Be a Lady – "Lucille Ball"</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hal_Leonard_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Hal Leonard LLC">Hal Leonard Corporation</a>. p. (eBook)(Chapter 5). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781480329744" title="Special:BookSources/9781480329744"><bdi>9781480329744</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comediennes%3A+Laugh+Be+a+Lady+%E2%80%93+%22Lucille+Ball%22&rft.pages=%28eBook%29%28Chapter+5%29&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781480329744&rft.au=Darryl+J.+Littleton&rft.au=Tuezdae+Littleton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIz_S7n9bWW8C%26pg%3DPT43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarry_Monush2011" class="citation book cs1">Barry Monush (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nNCGDwAAQBAJ&dq=Cecil+Smith%C2%A0July+11,+2009&pg=PT33">"Cleo Smith"</a>. <i>Lucille Ball FAQ: Everything Left to Know About America's Favorite Redhead</i>. Applause. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781557839404" title="Special:BookSources/9781557839404"><bdi>9781557839404</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cleo+Smith&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball+FAQ%3A+Everything+Left+to+Know+About+America%27s+Favorite+Redhead&rft.pub=Applause&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781557839404&rft.au=Barry+Monush&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnNCGDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DCecil%2BSmith%25C2%25A0July%2B11%2C%2B2009%26pg%3DPT33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Higham_1986-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Higham_1986_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Higham, C. (1986). <i>Lucy: The Life of Lucille Ball</i>, New York: St. Martin's Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris199123–24-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris199123–24_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris1991">Harris 1991</a>, pp. 23–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200316-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200316_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200320-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200320_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall199641-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall199641_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBall1996">Ball 1996</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwift2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Swift, Sunday (February 2019). "Lucille Ball". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chap" title="The Chap">The Chap</a></i>. pp. 29–33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chap&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball&rft.pages=29-33&rft.date=2019-02&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Sunday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200120-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200120_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrady2001">Brady 2001</a>, p. 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200324-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200324_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003205-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003205_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 205.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200330-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200330_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanfer2007" class="citation book cs1">Kanfer, Stefan (December 18, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j66uvWzubRwC"><i>Ball of Fire: The Tumultuous Life and Comic Art of Lucille Ball</i></a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780307424914" title="Special:BookSources/9780307424914"><bdi>9780307424914</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ball+of+Fire%3A+The+Tumultuous+Life+and+Comic+Art+of+Lucille+Ball&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2007-12-18&rft.isbn=9780307424914&rft.aulast=Kanfer&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dj66uvWzubRwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NetGlimse-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NetGlimse_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050521083356/http://www.netglimse.com/celebs/pages/lucille_ball/index.shtml">"Lucille Ball Trivia"</a>. <i>NetGlimse</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netglimse.com/celebs/pages/lucille_ball/index.shtml">the original</a> on May 21, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NetGlimse&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball+Trivia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.netglimse.com%2Fcelebs%2Fpages%2Flucille_ball%2Findex.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200133-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200133_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrady2001">Brady 2001</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200328-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200328_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=103863">"Lucille Ball"</a>. Everything2.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Ball and Rogers are lifelong friends</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball&rft.pub=Everything2.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feverything2.com%2Findex.pl%3Fnode_id%3D103863&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarol2004a" class="citation book cs1">Karol, Michael (2004a). <i>Lucy A to Z: The Lucille Ball Encyclopedia</i>. iUniverse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-595-29761-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-595-29761-7"><bdi>0-595-29761-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucy+A+to+Z%3A+The+Lucille+Ball+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-595-29761-7&rft.aulast=Karol&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200173-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200173_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrady2001">Brady 2001</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrady200173–74-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrady200173–74_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrady2001">Brady 2001</a>, pp. 73–74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803232053/http://www.lucyfan.com/wondershow.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Wonder Show" – 1938 Radio Series – Starring Jack Haley, with Lucille Ball & Gale Gordon"</a>. The Wonder Show. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lucyfan.com/wondershow.html">the original</a> on August 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Lucy and The Wonder Show</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22The+Wonder+Show%22+%E2%80%93+1938+Radio+Series+%E2%80%93+Starring+Jack+Haley%2C+with+Lucille+Ball+%26+Gale+Gordon&rft.pub=The+Wonder+Show&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lucyfan.com%2Fwondershow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFletcher,_Alicia2017" class="citation web cs1">Fletcher, Alicia (February 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717120421/https://www.tiff.net/the-review/the-passion-of-dorothy-arzner/">"The Passion of Dorothy Arzner"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="Toronto International Film Festival">Toronto International Film Festival</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tiff.net/the-review/the-passion-of-dorothy-arzner/">the original</a> on July 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Passion+of+Dorothy+Arzner&rft.pub=Toronto+International+Film+Festival&rft.date=2017-02-22&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Alicia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiff.net%2Fthe-review%2Fthe-passion-of-dorothy-arzner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn1550225901-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn1550225901_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrouse,_Richard_J.2003" class="citation book cs1">Crouse, Richard J. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/100bestmoviesyou0000crou/page/196"><i>The 100 Best Movies You've Never Seen</i></a>. Toronto: ECW Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/100bestmoviesyou0000crou/page/196">196</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55022-590-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55022-590-1"><bdi>1-55022-590-1</bdi></a>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Stage Door" gives Ball her big break</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+100+Best+Movies+You%27ve+Never+Seen&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=196&rft.pub=ECW+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-55022-590-1&rft.au=Crouse%2C+Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F100bestmoviesyou0000crou%2Fpage%2F196&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/lucille-ball/">"Lucille Ball"</a>. National Women's Hall of Fame<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball&rft.pub=National+Women%27s+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.womenofthehall.org%2Finductee%2Flucille-ball%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27140-THE-BIG-STREET?cxt=filmography">The Big Street</a>". That same year she also appeared in the acclaimed Western "Valley of the Sun" opposite James Craig. <i>AFI Catalog of Feature Films.</i> American Film Institute. Retrieved December 22, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNachman2012" class="citation book cs1">Nachman, Gerald (October 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RkCiJ4KvzPYC&pg=PT125"><i>Raised on Radio</i></a>. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-82894-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-82894-1"><bdi>978-0-307-82894-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Raised+on+Radio&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2012-10-17&rft.isbn=978-0-307-82894-1&rft.aulast=Nachman&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRkCiJ4KvzPYC%26pg%3DPT125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-title=Sotomayor:_More_'Splainin'_to_Do-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-title=Sotomayor:_More_'Splainin'_to_Do_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilver2009" class="citation news cs1">Silver, Allison (July 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sotomayer-more-splainin-t_b_236347">"Sotomayor: More 'Splainin' to Do"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2010</span>. <q>CBS executives originally did not want Ball, a sassy redhead, married to a Latino on the program</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Sotomayor%3A+More+%27Splainin%27+to+Do&rft.date=2009-07-16&rft.aulast=Silver&rft.aufirst=Allison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fsotomayer-more-splainin-t_b_236347&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarter2017" class="citation web cs1">Carter, Maria (March 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countryliving.com/life/entertainment/a41926/lucy-and-desi-love-story/">"The Truth Behind Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz's Turbulent Love Story"</a>. <i>Country Living</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Country+Living&rft.atitle=The+Truth+Behind+Lucille+Ball+and+Desi+Arnaz%27s+Turbulent+Love+Story&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.countryliving.com%2Flife%2Fentertainment%2Fa41926%2Flucy-and-desi-love-story%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleI_Love_Lucy_Turns_50_-_Lucille_Ball,_Desi_Arnaz,_background_info_on_influential,_groundbreaking_TV_comedy|USA_Today_(Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Education)|Find_Articles_at_BNET.com-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-titleI_Love_Lucy_Turns_50_-_Lucille_Ball,_Desi_Arnaz,_background_info_on_influential,_groundbreaking_TV_comedy|USA_Today_(Society_for_the_Advancement_of_Education)|Find_Articles_at_BNET.com_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGehring2001" class="citation news cs1">Gehring, Wes (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080626011156/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_2676_130/ai_78256901">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"I Love Lucy" Turns 50 – Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, background info on influential, groundbreaking TV comedy"</a>. USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1272/is_2676_130/ai_78256901">the original</a> on June 26, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Arnaz did not want kinescope</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%22I+Love+Lucy%22+Turns+50+%E2%80%93+Lucille+Ball%2C+Desi+Arnaz%2C+background+info+on+influential%2C+groundbreaking+TV+comedy&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Gehring&rft.aufirst=Wes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m1272%2Fis_2676_130%2Fai_78256901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cushman, Marc; <i>These Are the Voyages, Vol. 1</i>; Jacobs/Brown Press; San Diego, CA, USA; 2013; p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerrace2015" class="citation book cs1">Terrace, Vincent (September 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EhOBCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA161"><i>Radio Programs, 1924–1984: A Catalog of More Than 1800 Shows</i></a>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0528-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0528-9"><bdi>978-1-4766-0528-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radio+Programs%2C+1924%E2%80%931984%3A+A+Catalog+of+More+Than+1800+Shows&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2015-09-02&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-0528-9&rft.aulast=Terrace&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEhOBCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isbn0-8230-8456-6-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isbn0-8230-8456-6_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofstede,_David2006" class="citation book cs1">Hofstede, David (2006). <i>5000 Episodes and No Commercials: The Ultimate Guide to TV Shows on DVD 2007</i>. New York: Back Stage Books. p. 149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8230-8456-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8230-8456-6"><bdi>0-8230-8456-6</bdi></a>. <q>Longest laugh in television history</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=5000+Episodes+and+No+Commercials%3A+The+Ultimate+Guide+to+TV+Shows+on+DVD+2007&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Back+Stage+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8230-8456-6&rft.au=Hofstede%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooksMarsh2009" class="citation book cs1">Brooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle F. (June 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w8KztFy6QYwC&pg=PA652"><i>The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present</i></a>. Random House Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48320-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48320-1"><bdi>978-0-307-48320-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Directory+to+Prime+Time+Network+and+Cable+TV+Shows%2C+1946%E2%80%93Present&rft.pub=Random+House+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft.isbn=978-0-307-48320-1&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.au=Marsh%2C+Earle+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw8KztFy6QYwC%26pg%3DPA652&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/previews/american_masters_lucy">"American Masters "Lucille Ball: Finding Lucy"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">Public Broadcasting Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Ball first woman to head a major studio</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Masters+%22Lucille+Ball%3A+Finding+Lucy%22&rft.pub=Public+Broadcasting+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fpreviews%2Famerican_masters_lucy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKarol2004201-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKarol2004201_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKarol2004">Karol 2004</a>, p. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cushman, Marc; <i>These Are the Voyages, Vol. 2</i>; Jacobs/Brown Press; San Diego, CA, USA; 2014; p. 307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003220-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer2003220_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2021/08/04/1024566837/sirius-xm-revives-lucille-ball-radio-tapes-for-podcast-let-s-talk-to-lucy">"SiriusXM Revives Lucille Ball Radio Tapes For Podcast: 'Let's Talk To Lucy<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"</a> August 4, 2021. NPR.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shoutfactorytv.com/the-dick-cavett-show/the-dick-cavett-show-comic-legends-lucille-ball-march-7-1974/55ad40d269702d04dc0e3c02#top"><i>The Dick Cavett Show: Comic Legends - Lucille Ball</i></a>. March 7, 1974<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dick+Cavett+Show%3A+Comic+Legends+-+Lucille+Ball&rft.date=1974-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shoutfactorytv.com%2Fthe-dick-cavett-show%2Fthe-dick-cavett-show-comic-legends-lucille-ball-march-7-1974%2F55ad40d269702d04dc0e3c02%23top&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnes2023" class="citation web cs1">Barnes, Mike (January 11, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230301062242/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/carole-cook-dead-lucille-ball-protege-sixteen-candles-actress-1235297334/">"Carole Cook, Lucille Ball Protégé and 'Sixteen Candles' Actress, Dies at 98"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/carole-cook-dead-lucille-ball-protege-sixteen-candles-actress-1235297334/">the original</a> on March 1, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Carole+Cook%2C+Lucille+Ball+Prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9+and+%27Sixteen+Candles%27+Actress%2C+Dies+at+98&rft.date=2023-01-11&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-news%2Fcarole-cook-dead-lucille-ball-protege-sixteen-candles-actress-1235297334%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGelhorenHeldman2022" class="citation web cs1">Gelhoren, Giovana; Heldman, Breanna L. (August 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://people.com/tv/barbara-eden-recalls-working-with-wonderful-lucille-ball-and-playboy-desi-arnaz-ill-never-forget-her/">"Barbara Eden Recalls Working with 'Wonderful' Lucille Ball and 'Playboy' Desi Arnaz: 'I'll Never Forget Her'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>People</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230309165429/https://people.com/tv/barbara-eden-recalls-working-with-wonderful-lucille-ball-and-playboy-desi-arnaz-ill-never-forget-her/">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=People&rft.atitle=Barbara+Eden+Recalls+Working+with+%27Wonderful%27+Lucille+Ball+and+%27Playboy%27+Desi+Arnaz%3A+%27I%27ll+Never+Forget+Her%27&rft.date=2022-08-07&rft.aulast=Gelhoren&rft.aufirst=Giovana&rft.au=Heldman%2C+Breanna+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.com%2Ftv%2Fbarbara-eden-recalls-working-with-wonderful-lucille-ball-and-playboy-desi-arnaz-ill-never-forget-her%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frankenheimer's DVD audio commentary.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Business/Magazines/Archive-BC-IDX/79-OCR/BC-1979-07-02-OCR-Page-0072.pdf">"Fred's redhead"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_%26_Cable" title="Broadcasting & Cable">Broadcasting</a></i>. July 2, 1979. p. 72<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Fred%27s+redhead&rft.pages=72&rft.date=1979-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldradiohistory.com%2Fhd2%2FIDX-Business%2FMagazines%2FArchive-BC-IDX%2F79-OCR%2FBC-1979-07-02-OCR-Page-0072.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Button-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Button_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-carol-burnett-show-almost-never-happened/">"How 'Carol Burnett Show' almost never happened"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. September 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=How+%27Carol+Burnett+Show%27+almost+never+happened&rft.date=2012-09-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fhow-carol-burnett-show-almost-never-happened%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MitchellFink-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MitchellFink_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFink2007" class="citation book cs1">Fink, Mitchell (2007). <i>The Last Days of Dead Celebrities</i>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Miramax_Books" title="Miramax Books">Miramax Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1401360252" title="Special:BookSources/978-1401360252"><bdi>978-1401360252</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Last+Days+of+Dead+Celebrities&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Miramax+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1401360252&rft.aulast=Fink&rft.aufirst=Mitchell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStern2016" class="citation book cs1">Stern, Michael (2016). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lucyfan.com/lucyatnorthridge.html">the original</a> on October 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=%27Everybody+is+a+Comedian%27+Lucille+Ball+Starring+in+Northridge+Classroom&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1979-12-16&rft.aulast=Holguin&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lucyfan.com%2Flucyatnorthridge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleTV_Land_March_2007_–To_Be_Continued_Free_Fridays;_Threes_Company_30th_Anniversary_–_Sitcoms_Online_Message_Boards-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-titleTV_Land_March_2007_–To_Be_Continued_Free_Fridays;_Threes_Company_30th_Anniversary_–_Sitcoms_Online_Message_Boards_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sitcomsonline.com/boards/showthread.php?t=192779">"TV Land March 2007 – To Be Continued Free Fridays; Three's Company 30th Anniversary – Sitcoms Online Message Boards"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2008</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Life With Lucy' turns out to be a flop.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Life+With+Lucy&rft.pub=TV+Party&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvparty.com%2Fmovlucy4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bostonlocaltv.org/catalog/V_Y58RYZJ8ISFLYLS">"Lucille Ball at Hasty Pudding"</a>. <i>Ten O'Clock News, WGBH</i>. 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June 1, 1988.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Local+News+in+Brief%3A+Lucille+Ball+Recovering&rft.date=1988-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1988-06-01-me-3583-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707140727/http://blogs.ancestry.com/ancestry/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/bal-lucy-actress-cst-1936-la-co-highlight.jpg">"Index to Register of Voters"</a>. <i>Ancestry.com</i>. 1936. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.ancestry.com/ancestry/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/bal-lucy-actress-cst-1936-la-co-highlight.jpg">the original</a> on July 7, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ancestry.com&rft.atitle=Index+to+Register+of+Voters&rft.date=1936&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ancestry.com%2Fancestry%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2008%2F01%2Fbal-lucy-actress-cst-1936-la-co-highlight.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span> Copy of document from Los Angeles City Precinct No. 1598, Los Angeles County, California.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Testimony of Lucille Désirée Ball Arnaz, September 4, 1953, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, 83d Cong., 1st sess., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1pXKrPW0DoC">Investigation of Communist Activities in the Los Angeles Area – Part 7</a>, September 4, 1953 (Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1953), p. 2567 (PDF p. 14)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFBI_file">FBI file</a>, p. 15: FBI memorandum: <a href="/wiki/D.M._Ladd" title="D.M. Ladd">D.M. Ladd</a> to Hoover, Subject: Lucille Ball, <a href="/wiki/Desi_Arnaz" title="Desi Arnaz">Dezi [sic] Arnaz</a>, September 17, 1953.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States._Congress._House._Committee_on_Un-American_Activities1953–54" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated">United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities (1953–54). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/investigationofc07unit"><i>Investigation of Communist activities in the Los Angeles area. Hearings</i></a>. Boston Public Library. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 2573.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Investigation+of+Communist+activities+in+the+Los+Angeles+area.+Hearings&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=2573&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1953%2F1954&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+Un-American+Activities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finvestigationofc07unit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pathe-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pathe_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928174903/http://www.britishpathe.com/record.php?id=55256"><i>Fundraising for Roosevelt</i></a> (video newsreel film). Washington, DC: British Pathé. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishpathe.com/record.php?id=55256">the original</a> on September 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fundraising+for+Roosevelt&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=British+Path%C3%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishpathe.com%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D55256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ball explained, "In those days, that was not a big, terrible thing to do. It was almost as terrible to be a Republican in those days." Testimony of Lucille Désirée Ball Arnaz, September 4, 1953, Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, 83d Cong., 1st sess., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1pXKrPW0DoC">Investigation of Communist Activities in the Los Angeles Area – Part 7</a>, September 4, 1953 (Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1953), p. 2571 (PDF p. 18)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFBI_file">FBI file</a>, p. 26: FBI memorandum: SAC Los Angeles to Hoover, Subject: Lucille Ball, was., December 16, 1953.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert200177–78-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert200177–78_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSandersGilbert2001">Sanders & Gilbert 2001</a>, pp. 77–78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrioux2007" class="citation book cs1">Brioux, Bill (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=voIe7XkFvEsC&pg=PA37"><i>Truth and Rumors: The Reality Behind Tv's Most Famous Myths</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Company. p. 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275992477" title="Special:BookSources/9780275992477"><bdi>9780275992477</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truth+and+Rumors%3A+The+Reality+Behind+Tv%27s+Most+Famous+Myths&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780275992477&rft.aulast=Brioux&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvoIe7XkFvEsC%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCM-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TCM_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/5686%7C37992/Desi-Arnaz/biography.html">"Arnaz, Desi"</a>. tcm.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arnaz%2C+Desi&rft.pub=tcm.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm.com%2Ftcmdb%2Fperson%2F5686%257C37992%2FDesi-Arnaz%2Fbiography.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandersGilbert1994" class="citation book cs1">Sanders, Coyne S.; Gilbert, Tom (May 31, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W_n5s-2BGrkC&pg=PA20"><i>Desilu</i></a>. Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-688-13514-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-688-13514-0"><bdi>978-0-688-13514-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desilu&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=1994-05-31&rft.isbn=978-0-688-13514-0&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Coyne+S.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW_n5s-2BGrkC%26pg%3DPA20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Memo-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Memo_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081222122816/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817789,00.html">"Radio: Birth of a Memo"</a>. <i>Time</i>. January 26, 1953. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817789,00.html">the original</a> on December 22, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Radio%3A+Birth+of+a+Memo&rft.date=1953-01-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C817789%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100819094937/http://www.teletronic.co.uk/ustvads.htm">"Celebrity Commercials in TV's Golden Age"</a>. <i>Teletronic</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teletronic.co.uk/ustvads.htm">the original</a> on August 19, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Teletronic&rft.atitle=Celebrity+Commercials+in+TV%27s+Golden+Age&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.teletronic.co.uk%2Fustvads.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cavett-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cavett_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxZ-z6R58Ow"><span class="plainlinks">Interview with Lucille Ball on the Dick Cavett Show, 1974</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofer2006" class="citation book cs1">Hofer, Stephen F. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m6yvgvusRXoC&q=desi+arnaz+jr+cover+tv+guide&pg=PA7"><i>TV Guide: The Official Collectors Guide</i></a>. Bangzoom Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9772927-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9772927-1-4"><bdi>978-0-9772927-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=TV+Guide%3A+The+Official+Collectors+Guide&rft.pub=Bangzoom+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-9772927-1-4&rft.aulast=Hofer&rft.aufirst=Stephen+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm6yvgvusRXoC%26q%3Ddesi%2Barnaz%2Bjr%2Bcover%2Btv%2Bguide%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/tv/the-bob-hope-show/season-7/episode-1-october-21-1956">"S7-E1 The Bob Hope Show"</a>. <i>Metacritic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=S7-E1+The+Bob+Hope+Show&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Ftv%2Fthe-bob-hope-show%2Fseason-7%2Fepisode-1-october-21-1956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrews1976" class="citation book cs1">Andrews, Bart` (1976). <i>Lucy and Ricky and Fred and Ethel</i>. Toronto and Vancouver: Clarke, Irwin & Company Limited. p. 166.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucy+and+Ricky+and+Fred+and+Ethel&rft.place=Toronto+and+Vancouver&rft.pages=166&rft.pub=Clarke%2C+Irwin+%26+Company+Limited&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Bart%60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031003164359/http://www.powells.com/review/2003_09_25.html">"Powell's Books – Review-a-Day – Ball of Fire: The Tumultuous Life and Comic Art of Lucille Ball by Stefan Kanfer"</a>. <i>The New Republic Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.powells.com/review/2003_09_25.html">the original</a> on October 3, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 5,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Ball's real life divorce makes it into her new shows ... showing her as a single woman</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Republic+Online&rft.atitle=Powell%27s+Books+%E2%80%93+Review-a-Day+%E2%80%93+Ball+of+Fire%3A+The+Tumultuous+Life+and+Comic+Art+of+Lucille+Ball+by+Stefan+Kanfer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.powells.com%2Freview%2F2003_09_25.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, pp. 72–84. "Ball and Arnaz remain friends".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993216-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESandersGilbert1993216_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSandersGilbert1993">Sanders & Gilbert 1993</a>, p. 216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200394,_103-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200394,_103_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, pp. 94, 103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://agreatertown.com/snowmass_village_co/3br_house_vacation_rental_in_snowmass_village_colorado_0001548298">"3BR Condo Vacation Rental in Snowmass Village, Colorado #936414 | AGreaterTown"</a>. <i>agreatertown.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2022</span>. <q>Snowmass Condo formerly owned by Lucille Ball</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=agreatertown.com&rft.atitle=3BR+Condo+Vacation+Rental+in+Snowmass+Village%2C+Colorado+%23936414+%7C+AGreaterTown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fagreatertown.com%2Fsnowmass_village_co%2F3br_house_vacation_rental_in_snowmass_village_colorado_0001548298&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flint-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flint_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flint_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flint_95-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlint1989" class="citation news cs1">Flint, Peter B. (April 27, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/04/27/obituaries/lucille-ball-spirited-doyenne-of-tv-comedies-dies-at-77.html">"Lucille Ball, Spirited Doyenne Of TV Comedies, Dies at 77"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball%2C+Spirited+Doyenne+Of+TV+Comedies%2C+Dies+at+77&rft.date=1989-04-27&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Peter+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1989%2F04%2F27%2Fobituaries%2Flucille-ball-spirited-doyenne-of-tv-comedies-dies-at-77.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKanfer200335–37-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKanfer200335–37_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKanfer2003">Kanfer 2003</a>, pp. 35–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121106080946/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1187461.html">"Article: Lucille Ball, Pioneer of Television Comedy, Dies at 77"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1187461.html">the original</a> on November 6, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Article%3A+Lucille+Ball%2C+Pioneer+of+Television+Comedy%2C+Dies+at+77&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-1187461.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LAT-obit-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LAT-obit_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1989" class="citation news cs1">Arnold, Roxane (April 27, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-04-27-mn-1618-story.html">"Lucille Ball Dies; TV's Comic Genius Was 77 : Death Caused by Ruptured Abdominal Aorta as She Appeared to Be Recovering From Surgery"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball+Dies%3B+TV%27s+Comic+Genius+Was+77+%3A+Death+Caused+by+Ruptured+Abdominal+Aorta+as+She+Appeared+to+Be+Recovering+From+Surgery&rft.date=1989-04-27&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Roxane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1989-04-27-mn-1618-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-05-09-mn-3036-story.html">"3 Services Pay Final Tribute to Lucille Ball"</a>. <i><span></span>'Los Angeles Times</i>. May 9, 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=3+Services+Pay+Final+Tribute+to+Lucille+Ball&rft.date=1989-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1989-05-09-mn-3036-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrankBraude2002" class="citation news cs1">Frank, Terry; Braude, Norma (July 3, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://buffalonews.com/news/remains-of-lucy-mother-to-be-interred-in-hometown/article_17d42c3b-a0c2-5f38-9a66-410c12b884de.html">"Remains of Lucy, Mother to be Interred in Hometown"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Buffalo_News" title="The Buffalo News">The Buffalo News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Buffalo+News&rft.atitle=Remains+of+Lucy%2C+Mother+to+be+Interred+in+Hometown&rft.date=2002-07-03&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Terry&rft.au=Braude%2C+Norma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbuffalonews.com%2Fnews%2Fremains-of-lucy-mother-to-be-interred-in-hometown%2Farticle_17d42c3b-a0c2-5f38-9a66-410c12b884de.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris1991278-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris1991278_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris1991">Harris 1991</a>, p. 278.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ball, Lucille "Love, Lucy", introduction written by Arnaz, Lucie pp. iii-vi Berkley Publishing 1997</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBall1997-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBall1997_103-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBall1997">Ball 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBall" class="citation book cs1">Ball, Lucille. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audible.com/pd/Love-Lucy-Audiobook/B07FB98XCJ"><i>Love, Lucy</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love%2C+Lucy&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Lucille&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.audible.com%2Fpd%2FLove-Lucy-Audiobook%2FB07FB98XCJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrewsWatson1982" class="citation book cs1">Andrews, Bart; Watson, Thomas J. (January 15, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9Q6LyRdRL20C&q=CBS+Salutes+Lucy%3A+The+first+25&pg=PA222"><i>Loving Lucy: An Illustrated Tribute to Lucille Ball</i></a>. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-49975-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-49975-4"><bdi>978-0-312-49975-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Loving+Lucy%3A+An+Illustrated+Tribute+to+Lucille+Ball&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1982-01-15&rft.isbn=978-0-312-49975-4&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.au=Watson%2C+Thomas+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9Q6LyRdRL20C%26q%3DCBS%2BSalutes%2BLucy%253A%2BThe%2Bfirst%2B25%26pg%3DPA222&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris1991306–307-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris1991306–307_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris1991">Harris 1991</a>, pp. 306–307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lucy_and_Desi-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lucy_and_Desi_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/12/08/LUCY-AND-DESI/7205534402000/">"Lucy and Desi"</a>. <i>United Press International</i>. December 8, 1986<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Press+International&rft.atitle=Lucy+and+Desi&rft.date=1986-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1986%2F12%2F08%2FLUCY-AND-DESI%2F7205534402000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Desi_Arnaz-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Desi_Arnaz_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Desi Arnaz". <a href="/wiki/Mysteries_and_Scandals" title="Mysteries and Scandals"><i>E! Mysteries & Scandals</i></a>. Season 3. Episode 32. October 9, 2000. <a href="/wiki/E!" title="E!">E!</a>. <q>[Robert Stack:] Somebody asked me if I would do his introduction to Lucy. I looked up and she had a handkerchief to her eye, and I had tears running down my...[chokes up]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=E%21+Mysteries+%26+Scandals&rft.series=Season+3.+Episode+32&rft.date=2000-10-09&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATMetal-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LATMetal_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-07-06-mn-4245-story.html">"Nation: Lucille Ball Gets Medal of Freedom"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. July 6, 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Living Legacy Award</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+International+Center&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Women%27s+International+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wic.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Lucille_Ball_Little_Theater_of_Jamestown,_INC.-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Lucille_Ball_Little_Theater_of_Jamestown,_INC._111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040219213914/http://www.designsmiths.net/lucilleball/index.html">"The Lucille Ball Little Theater of Jamestown, Inc"</a>. <i>Designsmiths</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2008</span>. <q>Renaming of the 'Little Theater' in Jamestown, New York.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Designsmiths&rft.atitle=The+Lucille+Ball+Little+Theater+of+Jamestown%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.designsmiths.net%2Flucilleball%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060614225911/http://www.time.com/time/time100/index_2000_time100.html">"TIME 100 – People of the Century"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadway+World&rft.atitle=I+Love+Lucy%3A+A+Funny+Thing+Happened+on+the+Way+to+the+Sitcom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadwayworld.com%2Flos-angeles%2Fregional%2FI-Love-LucyA-Funny-Thing-Happened-on-the-Way-to-the-Sitcom-255669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/proginfo/2020/33/lucy-loves-desi-a-funny-thing-happened-on-the-way-to-the-sitcom">BBC Media Centre page</a> for "Lucy Loves Desi: A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Sitcom".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCristi2022" class="citation web cs1">Cristi, A.A. (December 15, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.broadwayworld.com/national-tours/article/LA-Theatre-Works-17th-Annual-National-Tour-Brings-Hilarious-LUCY-LOVES-DESI-To-Performing-Arts-Venues-Across-US-20221215">"LA Theatre Works 17th Annual National Tour Brings Hilarious LUCY LOVES DESI to Performing Arts Venues Across US"</a>. <i>Broadway World</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Broadway+World&rft.atitle=LA+Theatre+Works+17th+Annual+National+Tour+Brings+Hilarious+LUCY+LOVES+DESI+to+Performing+Arts+Venues+Across+US&rft.date=2022-12-15&rft.aulast=Cristi&rft.aufirst=A.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.broadwayworld.com%2Fnational-tours%2Farticle%2FLA-Theatre-Works-17th-Annual-National-Tour-Brings-Hilarious-LUCY-LOVES-DESI-To-Performing-Arts-Venues-Across-US-20221215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLester1980" class="citation web cs1">Lester, Peter (February 11, 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://people.com/archive/ask-her-anything-about-desi-sr-divorce-drugs-gay-rights-lucy-ball-hasnt-become-bashful-at-68-vol-13-no-6/">"Ask Her Anything About Desi Sr., Divorce, Drugs, Gay Rights—Lucy Ball Hasn't Become Bashful at 68"</a>. <i>People</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=People&rft.atitle=Ask+Her+Anything+About+Desi+Sr.%2C+Divorce%2C+Drugs%2C+Gay+Rights%E2%80%94Lucy+Ball+Hasn%27t+Become+Bashful+at+68&rft.date=1980-02-11&rft.aulast=Lester&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.com%2Farchive%2Fask-her-anything-about-desi-sr-divorce-drugs-gay-rights-lucy-ball-hasnt-become-bashful-at-68-vol-13-no-6%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escape-suspense.com/2008/11/suspense-dime-a-dance.html">"Dime a Dance"</a>. <i>Escape and Suspense</i>. November 16, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Escape+and+Suspense&rft.atitle=Dime+a+Dance&rft.date=2008-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.escape-suspense.com%2F2008%2F11%2Fsuspense-dime-a-dance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blackstone Audio programme note 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escape-suspense.com/2012/02/suspense-a-shroud-for-sarah.html">"A Shroud for Sarah"</a>. <i>Escape and Suspense</i>. February 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Escape+and+Suspense&rft.atitle=A+Shroud+for+Sarah&rft.date=2012-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.escape-suspense.com%2F2012%2F02%2Fsuspense-a-shroud-for-sarah.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Those Were the Days". <i>Nostalgia Digest</i>. Vol. 39, no. 2. Spring 2013. pp. 32–39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nostalgia+Digest&rft.atitle=Those+Were+the+Days&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=32-39&rft.date=2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000840/awards">"Lucille Ball"</a>. <i>IMDb</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Fname%2Fnm0000840%2Fawards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OFTA-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OFTA_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OFTA_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oftaawards.com/tv-hall-of-fame/television-hall-of-fame-actors/">"Television Hall of Fame: Actors – Online Film & Television Association"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Television+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Actors+%E2%80%93+Online+Film+%26+Television+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oftaawards.com%2Ftv-hall-of-fame%2Ftelevision-hall-of-fame-actors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBall1996" class="citation book cs1">Ball, Lucille (1996). Hoffman, Betty Hannah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lovelucy00ball_0"><i>Love, Lucy</i></a>. New York: Putnam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-399-14205-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-399-14205-5"><bdi>978-0-399-14205-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/231698725">231698725</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love%2C+Lucy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Putnam&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F231698725&rft.isbn=978-0-399-14205-5&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Lucille&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flovelucy00ball_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span> This autobiography covers Ball's life up to 1964. It was discovered by her children in 1989 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=wikipedia&q=isbn%3A9780399142055">"Love, Lucy"</a>. <i>WorldCat</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WorldCat&rft.atitle=Love%2C+Lucy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Fsearch%3Fqt%3Dwikipedia%26q%3Disbn%253A9780399142055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span>) <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBall1997" class="citation book cs1">Ball, Lucille (1997). Hoffman, Betty Hannah (ed.). <i>Love, Lucy</i>. New York: Berkly. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-425-17731-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-425-17731-0"><bdi>978-0-425-17731-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52255505">52255505</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Love%2C+Lucy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Berkly&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52255505&rft.isbn=978-0-425-17731-0&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Lucille&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrady2001" class="citation book cs1">Brady, Kathleen (2001). <i>Lucille: the life of Lucille Ball</i>. New York: Billboard Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8230-8913-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8230-8913-0"><bdi>978-0-8230-8913-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucille%3A+the+life+of+Lucille+Ball&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Billboard+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8230-8913-0&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFFBI_file">FBI file: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.fbi.gov/lucille-ball">"Lucille Ball Part 01 of 01"</a>. <i>FBI Records: The Vault</i>. FBI.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FBI+Records%3A+The+Vault&rft.atitle=Lucille+Ball+Part+01+of+01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvault.fbi.gov%2Flucille-ball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris1991" class="citation book cs1">Harris, Warren C. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lucydesilegendar0000harr_n1d6"><i>Lucy and Desi: the legendary love story of television's most famous couple</i></a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-74709-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-74709-1"><bdi>978-0-671-74709-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucy+and+Desi%3A+the+legendary+love+story+of+television%27s+most+famous+couple&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-671-74709-1&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Warren+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flucydesilegendar0000harr_n1d6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerringshaw2011" class="citation book cs1">Herringshaw, DeAnn (2011). <i>Lucille Ball: Actress & Comedienne</i>. Edina, MN: ABDO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61787-664-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61787-664-6"><bdi>978-1-61787-664-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucille+Ball%3A+Actress+%26+Comedienne&rft.place=Edina%2C+MN&rft.pub=ABDO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-61787-664-6&rft.aulast=Herringshaw&rft.aufirst=DeAnn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanfer2003" class="citation book cs1">Kanfer, Stefan (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/balloffiretumult00kanf"><i>Ball of Fire: The Tumultuous Life and Comic Art of Lucille Ball</i></a></span>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-375-41315-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-375-41315-4"><bdi>0-375-41315-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ball+of+Fire%3A+The+Tumultuous+Life+and+Comic+Art+of+Lucille+Ball&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-375-41315-4&rft.aulast=Kanfer&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fballoffiretumult00kanf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarol2004" class="citation book cs1">Karol, Michael A. (2004). <i>The Lucille Ball Quiz Book</i>. iUniverse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-595-31857-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-595-31857-5"><bdi>978-0-595-31857-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lucille+Ball+Quiz+Book&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-595-31857-5&rft.aulast=Karol&rft.aufirst=Michael+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandersGilbert1993" class="citation book cs1">Sanders, Coyne Steven; Gilbert, Thomas W. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1pXKrPW0DoC&q=Paula+Stewart+introduces+Lucille+BAll+to+Gary&pg=PA216"><i>Desilu: The Story of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-688-13514-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-688-13514-0"><bdi>978-0-688-13514-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desilu%3A+The+Story+of+Lucille+Ball+and+Desi+Arnaz&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-688-13514-0&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Coyne+Steven&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Thomas+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy1pXKrPW0DoC%26q%3DPaula%2BStewart%2Bintroduces%2BLucille%2BBAll%2Bto%2BGary%26pg%3DPA216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandersGilbert2001" class="citation book cs1">Sanders, Coyne Steven; Gilbert, Thomas W. (2001). <i>Desilu: The Story of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz</i>. New York: HarperEntertainment. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-688-13514-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-688-13514-5"><bdi>0-688-13514-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/48543617">48543617</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Desilu%3A+The+Story+of+Lucille+Ball+and+Desi+Arnaz&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperEntertainment&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48543617&rft.isbn=0-688-13514-5&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Coyne+Steven&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+Thomas+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Karol, Michael (2003). <i>Lucy in Print</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-595-29321-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-595-29321-2">0-595-29321-2</a></li> <li>Karol, Michael (2005). <i>The Comic DNA of Lucille Ball: Interpreting the Icon</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-595-37951-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-595-37951-6">0-595-37951-6</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMankiewicz" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Mankiewicz" title="Ben Mankiewicz">Mankiewicz, Ben</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theplotthickens.tcm.com/season-three/">"Season Three: Lucille Ball"</a>. <i>The Plot Thickens (documentary podcast)</i>. <a href="/wiki/Tcm.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Tcm.com">tcm.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Plot+Thickens+%28documentary+podcast%29&rft.atitle=Season+Three%3A+Lucille+Ball&rft.aulast=Mankiewicz&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheplotthickens.tcm.com%2Fseason-three%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>McClay, Michael (1995). <i>I Love Lucy: The Complete Picture History of the Most Popular TV Show Ever</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-446-51750-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-446-51750-X">0-446-51750-X</a> (hardcover)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeeks2011" class="citation book cs1">Meeks, Eric G. (2011). <i>P.S. I Love Lucy: The Story of Lucille Ball in Palm Springs</i>. Horotio Limburger Oglethorpe. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1468098549" title="Special:BookSources/978-1468098549"><bdi>978-1468098549</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=P.S.+I+Love+Lucy%3A+The+Story+of+Lucille+Ball+in+Palm+Springs&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Horotio+Limburger+Oglethorpe&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1468098549&rft.aulast=Meeks&rft.aufirst=Eric+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madelyn_Pugh" title="Madelyn Pugh">Pugh Davis, Madelyn</a>; with <a href="/wiki/Bob_Carroll_Jr." title="Bob Carroll Jr.">Carroll Jr., Bob</a> (2005). <i>Laughing With Lucy: My Life With America's Leading Lady of Comedy</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57860-247-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57860-247-6">978-1-57860-247-6</a></li> <li>Sheridan, James & Barry Monush (2011). <i>Lucille Ball FAQ: Everything Left to Know About America's Favorite Redhead</i>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61774-082-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61774-082-4">978-1-61774-082-4</a></li> <li>Young, Jordan R. (1999). <i>The Laugh Crafters: Comedy Writing in Radio & TV's Golden Age</i>. Beverly Hills: Past Times Publishing; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-940410-37-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-940410-37-0">0-940410-37-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lucille_Ball" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Lucille_Ball" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/30752">Lucille Ball</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#P1220" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000840/">Lucille Ball</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/lucille_ball">Lucille Ball</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p3574">Lucille Ball</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/8873%7C102009/wp">Lucille Ball</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#P3056" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/-/3000169885/">Lucille Ball</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a></i> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#P3845" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/B/htmlB/balllucille/balllucille.htm">Lucille Ball</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207003324/http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/B/htmlB/balllucille/balllucille.htm">Archived</a> February 7, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadcast_Communications" title="Museum of Broadcast Communications">Museum of Broadcast Communications</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2006560773">Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz Papers, 1915–1990</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7003071">Lucille Ball</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120115042606/http://www.life.com/gallery/62521/lucille-ball-unpublished-photos">"Celebrating Lucille Ball at 100: Unpublished Photos"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> (Sideshow). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.life.com/gallery/62521/lucille-ball-unpublished-photos">the original</a> on January 15, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=Celebrating+Lucille+Ball+at+100%3A+Unpublished+Photos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.life.com%2Fgallery%2F62521%2Flucille-ball-unpublished-photos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Norwood, Arlisha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/lucille-ball">"Lucille Ball"</a>, National Women's History Museum. 2017.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1944OrsonWellesRadioAlmanacpart1">"Orson Welles Radio Almanac"</a>. <i>Internet Archive</i>. Recordings. 1944. <q>Lucille Ball and several other actors participate</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Orson+Welles+Radio+Almanac&rft.date=1944&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1944OrsonWellesRadioAlmanacpart1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voicesofoklahoma.com/interview/clark-wanda">"Wanda Clark"</a>. <i>Interview</i>. Oral history project. Voices of Oklahoma. August 5, 2015. <q>About her long-time, 25 years, employer Lucille Ball</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interview&rft.atitle=Wanda+Clark&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoicesofoklahoma.com%2Finterview%2Fclark-wanda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucille+Ball" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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4em">Awards for Lucille Ball</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #CFB53B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Template:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Template talk:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cecil B. DeMille Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Cecil_B._DeMille_Award" title="Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award">Cecil B. DeMille Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Darryl_F._Zanuck" title="Darryl F. Zanuck">Darryl F. Zanuck</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Hersholt" title="Jean Hersholt">Jean Hersholt</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_L._Warner" title="Jack L. Warner">Jack L. Warner</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mervyn_LeRoy" title="Mervyn LeRoy">Mervyn LeRoy</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Adler" title="Buddy Adler">Buddy Adler</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Levine" title="Joseph E. Levine">Joseph E. Levine</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Crawford" title="Joan Crawford">Joan Crawford</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Goldwyn" title="Samuel Goldwyn">Samuel Goldwyn</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_B._Wallis" title="Hal B. Wallis">Hal B. Wallis</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mirisch" title="Walter Mirisch">Walter Mirisch</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Skelton" title="Red Skelton">Red Skelton</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newman" title="Paul Newman">Paul Newman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Quinn" title="Anthony Quinn">Anthony Quinn</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lemmon" title="Jack Lemmon">Jack Lemmon</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mitchum" title="Robert Mitchum">Robert Mitchum</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicholson" title="Jack Nicholson">Jack Nicholson</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Ford" title="Harrison Ford">Harrison Ford</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hackman" title="Gene Hackman">Gene Hackman</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Freeman" title="Morgan Freeman">Morgan Freeman</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jodie_Foster" title="Jodie Foster">Jodie Foster</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Clooney" title="George Clooney">George Clooney</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murphy" title="Eddie Murphy">Eddie Murphy</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EmmyAward_ComedyLeadActress" title="Template:EmmyAward ComedyLeadActress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EmmyAward_ComedyLeadActress" title="Template talk:EmmyAward ComedyLeadActress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward_ComedyLeadActress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward ComedyLeadActress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Comedy_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series">Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1950–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Berg" title="Gertrude Berg">Gertrude Berg</a> (1950)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Imogene_Coca" title="Imogene Coca">Imogene Coca</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eve_Arden" title="Eve Arden">Eve Arden</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nanette_Fabray" title="Nanette Fabray">Nanette Fabray</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyatt" title="Jane Wyatt">Jane Wyatt</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyatt" title="Jane Wyatt">Jane Wyatt</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Wyatt" title="Jane Wyatt">Jane Wyatt</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Stanwyck" title="Barbara Stanwyck">Barbara Stanwyck</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Booth" title="Shirley Booth">Shirley Booth</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Booth" title="Shirley Booth">Shirley Booth</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i>No award</i> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hope_Lange" title="Hope Lange">Hope Lange</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hope_Lange" title="Hope Lange">Hope Lange</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Stapleton" title="Jean Stapleton">Jean Stapleton</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Stapleton" title="Jean Stapleton">Jean Stapleton</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Harper" title="Valerie Harper">Valerie Harper</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bea_Arthur" title="Bea Arthur">Bea Arthur</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Stapleton" title="Jean Stapleton">Jean Stapleton</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Gordon" title="Ruth Gordon">Ruth Gordon</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cathryn_Damon" title="Cathryn Damon">Cathryn Damon</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Sanford" title="Isabel Sanford">Isabel Sanford</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Kane" title="Carol Kane">Carol Kane</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Long" title="Shelley Long">Shelley Long</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Curtin" title="Jane Curtin">Jane Curtin</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Curtin" title="Jane Curtin">Jane Curtin</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rue_McClanahan" title="Rue McClanahan">Rue McClanahan</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bea_Arthur" title="Bea Arthur">Bea Arthur</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirstie_Alley" title="Kirstie Alley">Kirstie Alley</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roseanne_Barr" title="Roseanne Barr">Roseanne Barr</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hunt" title="Helen Hunt">Helen Hunt</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hunt" title="Helen Hunt">Helen Hunt</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hunt" title="Helen Hunt">Helen Hunt</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hunt" title="Helen Hunt">Helen Hunt</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Heaton" title="Patricia Heaton">Patricia Heaton</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Heaton" title="Patricia Heaton">Patricia Heaton</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Aniston" title="Jennifer Aniston">Jennifer Aniston</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debra_Messing" title="Debra Messing">Debra Messing</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Jessica_Parker" title="Sarah Jessica Parker">Sarah Jessica Parker</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Felicity_Huffman" title="Felicity Huffman">Felicity Huffman</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/America_Ferrera" title="America Ferrera">America Ferrera</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tina_Fey" title="Tina Fey">Tina Fey</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Toni_Collette" title="Toni Collette">Toni Collette</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edie_Falco" title="Edie Falco">Edie Falco</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melissa_McCarthy" title="Melissa McCarthy">Melissa McCarthy</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Louis-Dreyfus" title="Julia Louis-Dreyfus">Julia Louis-Dreyfus</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Brosnahan" title="Rachel Brosnahan">Rachel Brosnahan</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge" title="Phoebe Waller-Bridge">Phoebe Waller-Bridge</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_O%27Hara" title="Catherine O'Hara">Catherine O'Hara</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Smart" title="Jean Smart">Jean Smart</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Smart" title="Jean Smart">Jean Smart</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quinta_Brunson" title="Quinta Brunson">Quinta Brunson</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Smart" title="Jean Smart">Jean Smart</a> (2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primetime_Emmy_Governors_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Template:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Template talk:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primetime_Emmy_Governors_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Governors Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Paley" title="William S. Paley">William S. Paley</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elton_Rule" title="Elton Rule">Elton Rule</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallmark_Cards" title="Hallmark Cards">Hallmark Cards, Inc.</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Weaver" title="Pat Weaver">Sylvester L. "Pat" Weaver</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Cooke" title="Alistair Cooke">Alistair Cooke</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Skelton" title="Red Skelton">Red Skelton</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Tinker" title="Grant Tinker">Grant Tinker</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a> & <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera">Joseph Barbera</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Goldenson" title="Leonard Goldenson">Leonard Goldenson</a> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masterpiece_(TV_series)" title="Masterpiece (TV series)">Masterpiece Theatre</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1992)</li> <li>No Award (1993)</li> <li>No Award (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Network" title="USA Network">USA</a>'s Erase the Hate Campaign / Turner's Native American Initiative (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>'s March Against Drugs Campaign / <a href="/wiki/Comic_Relief_USA" title="Comic Relief USA">Comic Relief USA</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jac_Venza" title="Jac Venza">Jac Venza</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(American_TV_channel)" title="National Geographic (American TV channel)">National Geographic Channel</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Books_(TV_program)" title="Great Books (TV program)">Great Books</a></i> Literacy Project (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>'s "Fight for Your Rights: Take a Stand Against Violence" / <i><a href="/wiki/Save_Our_History" title="Save Our History">Save Our History</a></i> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_(TV_network)" title="A&E (TV network)">A&E</a>'s The Biography Project for Schools / <i>The Teen Files</i> / <a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1 Save the Music Foundation</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> / <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a> and <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/America:_A_Tribute_to_Heroes" title="America: A Tribute to Heroes">America: A Tribute to Heroes</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime Network</a>'s "Stop the Violence Against Women" initiative (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viacom_(1952%E2%80%932006)" class="mw-redirect" title="Viacom (1952–2006)">Viacom Inc.</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTVU" title="MTVU">MTVu</a> Campaign for <a href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</a> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idol_Gives_Back" title="Idol Gives Back">Idol Gives Back</a></i> / <i>The Addiction Project</i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)" title="Planet Earth (1986 TV series)">Planet Earth</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Nevins" title="Sheila Nevins">Sheila Nevins</a> and her HBO documentary unit (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Brokaw" title="Norman Brokaw">Norman Brokaw</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ad_Council" title="Ad Council">Ad Council</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Walsh_(television_host)" title="John Walsh (television host)">John Walsh</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Gets_Better_Project" title="It Gets Better Project">It Gets Better Project</a> (co-founders <a href="/wiki/Dan_Savage" title="Dan Savage">Dan Savage</a> and Terry Miller) (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_Foray" title="June Foray">June Foray</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Dougherty" title="Marion Dougherty">Marion Dougherty</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_Networks" title="A&E Networks">A+E Networks</a> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Idol" title="American Idol">American Idol</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITVS" title="ITVS">ITVS</a> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a></i> (2018)</li> <li>No Award (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Perry" title="Tyler Perry">Tyler Perry</a> and The Perry Foundation (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Allen" title="Debbie Allen">Debbie Allen</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geena_Davis_Institute_on_Gender_in_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media">Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLAAD" title="GLAAD">GLAAD</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Berlanti" title="Greg Berlanti">Greg Berlanti</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" title="Template:Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hasty_Pudding_Woman_of_the_Year" title="Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year">Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Lawrence" title="Gertrude Lawrence">Gertrude Lawrence</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bel_Geddes" title="Barbara Bel Geddes">Barbara Bel Geddes</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamie_Eisenhower" title="Mamie Eisenhower">Mamie Eisenhower</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Booth" title="Shirley Booth">Shirley Booth</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Reynolds" title="Debbie Reynolds">Debbie Reynolds</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Ann_Garner" title="Peggy Ann Garner">Peggy Ann Garner</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Baker" title="Carroll Baker">Carroll Baker</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn" title="Katharine Hepburn">Katharine Hepburn</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Woodward" title="Joanne Woodward">Joanne Woodward</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Lawrence" title="Carol Lawrence">Carol Lawrence</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Laurie" title="Piper Laurie">Piper Laurie</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Russell" title="Rosalind Russell">Rosalind Russell</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Remick" title="Lee Remick">Lee Remick</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Merman" title="Ethel Merman">Ethel Merman</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionne_Warwick" title="Dionne Warwick">Dionne Warwick</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Channing" title="Carol Channing">Carol Channing</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Keeler" title="Ruby Keeler">Ruby Keeler</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Dunaway" title="Faye Dunaway">Faye Dunaway</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Harper" title="Valerie Harper">Valerie Harper</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen" title="Candice Bergen">Candice Bergen</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Rivers" title="Joan Rivers">Joan Rivers</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Field" title="Sally Field">Sally Field</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Peters" title="Bernadette Peters">Bernadette Peters</a> (1987)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Turner" title="Kathleen Turner">Kathleen Turner</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Close" title="Glenn Close">Glenn Close</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Keaton" title="Diane Keaton">Diane Keaton</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodie_Foster" title="Jodie Foster">Jodie Foster</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whoopi_Goldberg" title="Whoopi Goldberg">Whoopi Goldberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Ryan" title="Meg Ryan">Meg Ryan</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Pfeiffer" title="Michelle Pfeiffer">Michelle Pfeiffer</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Sarandon" title="Susan Sarandon">Susan Sarandon</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Roberts" title="Julia Roberts">Julia Roberts</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldie_Hawn" title="Goldie Hawn">Goldie Hawn</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Lee_Curtis" title="Jamie Lee Curtis">Jamie Lee Curtis</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Barrymore" title="Drew Barrymore">Drew Barrymore</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Jessica_Parker" title="Sarah Jessica Parker">Sarah Jessica Parker</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjelica_Huston" title="Anjelica Huston">Anjelica Huston</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Bullock" title="Sandra Bullock">Sandra Bullock</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Zeta-Jones" title="Catherine Zeta-Jones">Catherine Zeta-Jones</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle_Berry" title="Halle Berry">Halle Berry</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarlett_Johansson" title="Scarlett Johansson">Scarlett Johansson</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlize_Theron" title="Charlize Theron">Charlize Theron</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Zellweger" title="Renée Zellweger">Renée Zellweger</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway" title="Anne Hathaway">Anne Hathaway</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_Danes" title="Claire Danes">Claire Danes</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Poehler" title="Amy Poehler">Amy Poehler</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Washington" title="Kerry Washington">Kerry Washington</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavia_Spencer" title="Octavia Spencer">Octavia Spencer</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mila_Kunis" title="Mila Kunis">Mila Kunis</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryce_Dallas_Howard" title="Bryce Dallas Howard">Bryce Dallas Howard</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Banks" title="Elizabeth Banks">Elizabeth Banks</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Garner" title="Jennifer Garner">Jennifer Garner</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Coolidge" title="Jennifer Coolidge">Jennifer Coolidge</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Bening" title="Annette Bening">Annette Bening</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template talk:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honorees</a> (1980s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_de_Mille" title="Agnes de Mille">Agnes de Mille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Fontanne" title="Lynn Fontanne">Lynn Fontanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Dunham" title="Katherine Dunham">Katherine Dunham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Thomson" title="Virgil Thomson">Virgil Thomson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Carlo_Menotti" title="Gian Carlo Menotti">Gian Carlo Menotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Merce Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Dunne" title="Irene Dunne">Irene Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> & <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Tudor" title="Antony Tudor">Antony Tudor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwin_Nikolais" title="Alwin Nikolais">Alwin Nikolais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Ailey" title="Alvin Ailey">Alvin Ailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Burns" title="George Burns">George Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Schneider" title="Alexander Schneider">Alexander Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_L._Stevens" title="Roger L. Stevens">Roger L. Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Danilova" title="Alexandra Danilova">Alexandra Danilova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Schuman" title="William Schuman">William Schuman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1970s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2000s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2010s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2020s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Women's Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inductees_to_the_National_Women&#039;s_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inductees to the <a href="/wiki/National_Women%27s_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Women's Hall of Fame">National Women's Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1970–1979" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1970–1979</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1973</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams" title="Jane Addams">Jane Addams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Anderson" title="Marian Anderson">Marian Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony" title="Susan B. Anthony">Susan B. Anthony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Barton" title="Clara Barton">Clara Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_McLeod_Bethune" title="Mary McLeod Bethune">Mary McLeod Bethune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackwell" title="Elizabeth Blackwell">Elizabeth Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_S._Buck" title="Pearl S. Buck">Pearl S. Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Mary Cassatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Dickinson" title="Emily Dickinson">Emily Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Hamilton" title="Alice Hamilton">Alice Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_R._Sabin" title="Florence R. Sabin">Florence Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Chase_Smith" title="Margaret Chase Smith">Margaret Chase Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton" title="Elizabeth Cady Stanton">Elizabeth Cady Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_B._Taussig" title="Helen B. Taussig">Helen Brooke Taussig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman" title="Harriet Tubman">Harriet Tubman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abigail_Adams" title="Abigail Adams">Abigail Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mead" title="Margaret Mead">Margaret Mead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babe_Didrikson_Zaharias" title="Babe Didrikson Zaharias">Mildred "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1979</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Dix" title="Dorothea Dix">Dorothea Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliette_Gordon_Low" title="Juliette Gordon Low">Juliette Gordon Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Paul" title="Alice Paul">Alice Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Ann_Seton" title="Elizabeth Ann Seton">Elizabeth Bayley Seton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1980–1989" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1980–1989</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_Truth" title="Sojourner Truth">Sojourner Truth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Chapman_Catt" title="Carrie Chapman Catt">Carrie Chapman Catt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Frances Perkins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belva_Ann_Lockwood" title="Belva Ann Lockwood">Belva Lockwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucretia_Mott" title="Lucretia Mott">Lucretia Mott</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Mary "Mother" Harris Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">Barbara McClintock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Stone" title="Lucy Stone">Lucy Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwendolyn_Brooks" title="Gwendolyn Brooks">Gwendolyn Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willa_Cather" title="Willa Cather">Willa Cather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Ride" title="Sally Ride">Sally Ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Risteau" title="Mary Risteau">Mary Risteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_B._Wells" title="Ida B. Wells">Ida B. Wells-Barnett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="1990–1999" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">1990–1999</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Bourke-White" title="Margaret Bourke-White">Margaret Bourke-White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_B._Seibert" title="Florence B. Seibert">Florence B. Seibert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Gertrude Belle Elion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Percy_Andrus" title="Ethel Percy Andrus">Ethel Percy Andrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoinette_Brown_Blackwell" title="Antoinette Brown Blackwell">Antoinette Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Blackwell" title="Emily Blackwell">Emily Blackwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Chisholm" title="Shirley Chisholm">Shirley Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Cochran" title="Jacqueline Cochran">Jacqueline Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Johnson_Colvin" title="Ruth Johnson Colvin">Ruth Colvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Wright_Edelman" title="Marian Wright Edelman">Marian Wright Edelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Catherine_Evans" title="Alice Catherine Evans">Alice Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Friedan" title="Betty Friedan">Betty Friedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Griffiths" title="Martha Griffiths">Martha Wright Griffiths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fannie_Lou_Hamer" title="Fannie Lou Hamer">Fannie Lou Hamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Height" title="Dorothy Height">Dorothy Height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Huerta" title="Dolores Huerta">Dolores Huerta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Putnam_Jacobi" title="Mary Putnam Jacobi">Mary Putnam Jacobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mae_Jemison" title="Mae Jemison">Mae Jemison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lyon" title="Mary Lyon">Mary Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Eliza_Mahoney" title="Mary Eliza Mahoney">Mary Mahoney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Mankiller" title="Wilma Mankiller">Wilma Mankiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Baker_Motley" title="Constance Baker Motley">Constance Baker Motley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">Georgia O'Keeffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Oakley" title="Annie Oakley">Annie Oakley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Peterson" title="Esther Peterson">Esther Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeannette_Rankin" title="Jeannette Rankin">Jeannette Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Swallow_Richards" title="Ellen Swallow Richards">Ellen Swallow Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Roulet" title="Elaine Roulet">Elaine Roulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Siva_Saubel" title="Katherine Siva Saubel">Katherine Siva Saubel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Stephens" title="Helen Stephens">Helen Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Wald" title="Lillian Wald">Lillian Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madam_C._J._Walker" title="Madam C. J. Walker">Madam C. J. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Wattleton" title="Faye Wattleton">Faye Wattleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Rosalyn S. Yalow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Yerkovich" title="Gloria Yerkovich">Gloria Yerkovich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Abzug" title="Bella Abzug">Bella Abzug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Baker" title="Ella Baker">Ella Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myra_Bradwell" title="Myra Bradwell">Myra Bradwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Jump_Cannon" title="Annie Jump Cannon">Annie Jump Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Cunningham_Croly" title="Jane Cunningham Croly">Jane Cunningham Croly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Shipe_East" title="Catherine Shipe East">Catherine East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Geraldine Ferraro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Perkins_Gilman" title="Charlotte Perkins Gilman">Charlotte Perkins Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Hopper" title="Grace Hopper">Grace Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_LaKelly_Hunt" title="Helen LaKelly Hunt">Helen LaKelly Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Zora Neale Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hutchinson" title="Anne Hutchinson">Anne Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wisebart_Jacobs" title="Frances Wisebart Jacobs">Frances Wisebart Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susette_La_Flesche" title="Susette La Flesche">Susette La Flesche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_McManus" title="Louise McManus">Louise McManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Mitchell" title="Maria Mitchell">Maria Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonia_Novello" title="Antonia Novello">Antonia Novello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Richards" title="Linda Richards">Linda Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph" title="Wilma Rudolph">Wilma Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bone_Schiess" title="Betty Bone Schiess">Betty Bone Schiess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_Siebert" title="Muriel Siebert">Muriel Siebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nettie_Stevens" title="Nettie Stevens">Nettie Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Winnemucca" title="Sarah Winnemucca">Sarah Winnemucca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wright" title="Frances Wright">Fanny Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Apgar" title="Virginia Apgar">Virginia Apgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Bancroft" title="Ann Bancroft">Ann Bancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Bloomer" title="Amelia Bloomer">Amelia Bloomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Carson_Breckinridge" title="Mary Carson Breckinridge">Mary Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Collins" title="Eileen Collins">Eileen Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Elizabeth Hanford Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Dallas_Dudley" title="Anne Dallas Dudley">Anne Dallas Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Baker_Eddy" title="Mary Baker Eddy">Mary Baker Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fuller" title="Margaret Fuller">Margaret Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Joslyn_Gage" title="Matilda Joslyn Gage">Matilda Joslyn Gage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Moller_Gilbreth" title="Lillian Moller Gilbreth">Lillian Moller Gilbreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nannerl_O._Keohane" title="Nannerl O. Keohane">Nannerl O. Keohane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Kuhn" title="Maggie Kuhn">Maggie Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_St._Pierre_Ruffin" title="Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin">Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Schroeder" title="Pat Schroeder">Pat Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_G._Solomon" title="Hannah G. Solomon">Hannah Greenebaum Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1996</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_May_Alcott" title="Louisa May Alcott">Louisa May Alcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bunch" title="Charlotte Bunch">Charlotte Anne Bunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Xavier_Cabrini" title="Frances Xavier Cabrini">Frances Xavier Cabrini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hallaren" title="Mary Hallaren">Mary A. Hallaren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oveta_Culp_Hobby" title="Oveta Culp Hobby">Oveta Culp Hobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_Holladay" title="Wilhelmina Holladay">Wilhelmina Cole Holladay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Morrow_Lindbergh" title="Anne Morrow Lindbergh">Anne Morrow Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert_Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert Mayer">Maria Goeppert Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernestine_Rose" title="Ernestine Rose">Ernestine Louise Potowski Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Tallchief" title="Maria Tallchief">Maria Tallchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Wharton" title="Edith Wharton">Edith Wharton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1998</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Bly" title="Nellie Bly">Nellie Bly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Moss_Bradley" title="Lydia Moss Bradley">Lydia Moss Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Calderone" title="Mary Calderone">Mary Steichen Calderone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Shadd" title="Mary Ann Shadd">Mary Ann Shadd Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Ganz_Cooney" title="Joan Ganz Cooney">Joan Ganz Cooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">Gerty Cori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Moore_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Sarah Moore Grimké">Sarah Grimké</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Lucid" title="Shannon Lucid">Shannon Lucid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_McCormick" title="Katharine McCormick">Katharine Dexter McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozanne_L._Ridgway" title="Rozanne L. Ridgway">Rozanne L. Ridgway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Nourse_Rogers" title="Edith Nourse Rogers">Edith Nourse Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felice_Schwartz" title="Felice Schwartz">Felice Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Wald" title="Florence Wald">Florence Wald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelina_Grimk%C3%A9" title="Angelina Grimké">Angelina Grimké Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chien-Shiung_Wu" title="Chien-Shiung Wu">Chien-Shiung Wu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2000–2009" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2000–2009</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faye_Glenn_Abdellah" title="Faye Glenn Abdellah">Faye Glenn Abdellah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Smith_DeVoe" title="Emma Smith DeVoe">Emma Smith DeVoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjory_Stoneman_Douglas" title="Marjory Stoneman Douglas">Marjory Stoneman Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Dyer" title="Mary Dyer">Mary Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Earle" title="Sylvia Earle">Sylvia A. Earle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Eastman" title="Crystal Eastman">Crystal Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_M._Holm" title="Jeanne M. Holm">Jeanne Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontine_T._Kelly" title="Leontine T. Kelly">Leontine T. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Oldham_Kelsey" title="Frances Oldham Kelsey">Frances Oldham Kelsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Mullany" title="Kate Mullany">Kate Mullany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Howard_Shaw" title="Anna Howard Shaw">Anna Howard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Smith_(Smith_College)" title="Sophia Smith (Smith College)">Sophia Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Tarbell" title="Ida Tarbell">Ida Tarbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilma_Vaught" title="Wilma Vaught">Wilma L. Vaught</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Edwards_Walker" title="Mary Edwards Walker">Mary Edwards Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Dodge_Wauneka" title="Annie Dodge Wauneka">Annie Dodge Wauneka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_Welty" title="Eudora Welty">Eudora Welty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Willard" title="Frances Willard">Frances E. Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Hansine_Andersen" title="Dorothy Hansine Andersen">Dorothy H. Andersen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter" title="Rosalynn Carter">Rosalynn Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Maria_Child" title="Lydia Maria Child">Lydia Maria Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Coleman" title="Bessie Coleman">Bessie Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Dorothy Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_de_Forest" title="Marian de Forest">Marian de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althea_Gibson" title="Althea Gibson">Althea Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Hicks" title="Beatrice Hicks">Beatrice A. Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Holdridge" title="Barbara Holdridge">Barbara Holdridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Williams_Russell_Strong" title="Harriet Williams Russell Strong">Harriet Williams Russell Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howell_Warner" title="Emily Howell Warner">Emily Howell Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Woodhull" title="Victoria Woodhull">Victoria Woodhull</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2002</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_Kellogg_Wright_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis">Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Graham" title="Katharine Graham">Katharine Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertha_Holt" title="Bertha Holt">Bertha Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Engle_Pennington" title="Mary Engle Pennington">Mary Engle Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy_Otis_Warren" title="Mercy Otis Warren">Mercy Otis Warren</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Linda_G._Alvarado" title="Linda G. Alvarado">Linda G. Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_de_Varona" title="Donna de Varona">Donna de Varona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Ederle" title="Gertrude Ederle">Gertrude Ederle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Matilda_Harper" title="Martha Matilda Harper">Martha Matilda Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris" title="Patricia Roberts Harris">Patricia Roberts Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kwolek" title="Stephanie Kwolek">Stephanie L. Kwolek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Lange" title="Dorothea Lange">Dorothea Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Robbins_Leet" title="Mildred Robbins Leet">Mildred Robbins Leet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Mink" title="Patsy Mink">Patsy Takemoto Mink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacagawea" title="Sacagawea">Sacagawea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Sullivan" title="Anne Sullivan">Anne Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Widnall" title="Sheila Widnall">Sheila E. Widnall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2005</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Florence_E._Allen" title="Florence E. Allen">Florence E. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Benedict" title="Ruth Benedict">Ruth Fulton Benedict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Bumpers" title="Betty Bumpers">Betty Bumpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_R._Colwell" title="Rita R. Colwell">Rita Rossi Colwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Cope" title="Marianne Cope">Mother Marianne Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Lin" title="Maya Lin">Maya Y. Lin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Locke" title="Patricia Locke">Patricia A. Locke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanche Scott">Blanche Stuart Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Burnett_Talbert" title="Mary Burnett Talbert">Mary Burnett Talbert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2007</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_K._Baum" title="Eleanor K. Baum">Eleanor K. Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Child" title="Julia Child">Julia Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Coffin_Wright" title="Martha Coffin Wright">Martha Coffin Pelham Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanee_Hunt" title="Swanee Hunt">Swanee Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winona_LaDuke" title="Winona LaDuke">Winona LaDuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_K%C3%BCbler-Ross" title="Elisabeth Kübler-Ross">Elisabeth Kübler-Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Pipher" title="Judith Pipher">Judith L. Pipher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Filene_Shouse" title="Catherine Filene Shouse">Catherine Filene Shouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">Henrietta Szold</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2009</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Cohn" title="Mildred Cohn">Mildred Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_DeCrow" title="Karen DeCrow">Karen DeCrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Kelly-Dreiss" title="Susan Kelly-Dreiss">Susan Kelly-Dreiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allie_B._Latimer" title="Allie B. Latimer">Allie B. Latimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Lazarus" title="Emma Lazarus">Emma Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Patrick" title="Ruth Patrick">Ruth Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Talbot_Perkins" title="Rebecca Talbot Perkins">Rebecca Talbot Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Solomon" title="Susan Solomon">Susan Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Stoneman" title="Kate Stoneman">Kate Stoneman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010–2019" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2010–2019</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katharine_Drexel" title="Katharine Drexel">St. Katharine Drexel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Harrison_Eustis" title="Dorothy Harrison Eustis">Dorothy Harrison Eustis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Ford" title="Loretta Ford">Loretta C. Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Kelley_Foster" title="Abby Kelley Foster">Abby Kelley Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Murray_Free" title="Helen Murray Free">Helen Murray Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coretta_Scott_King" title="Coretta Scott King">Coretta Scott King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilly_Ledbetter" title="Lilly Ledbetter">Lilly Ledbetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara A. Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Shalala" title="Donna Shalala">Donna E. Shalala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathrine_Switzer" title="Kathrine Switzer">Kathrine Switzer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ina_May_Gaskin" title="Ina May Gaskin">Ina May Gaskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Krone" title="Julie Krone">Julie Krone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Millett" title="Kate Millett">Kate Millett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Joseph_Rogers" title="Mary Joseph Rogers">Mary Joseph Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernice_Sandler" title="Bernice Sandler">Bernice Sandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Schwartz" title="Anna Schwartz">Anna Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Willard" title="Emma Willard">Emma Willard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenley_Albright" title="Tenley Albright">Tenley Albright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Brinker" title="Nancy Brinker">Nancy Brinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Greenberger" title="Marcia Greenberger">Marcia Greenberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Iglewski" title="Barbara Iglewski">Barbara Iglewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Kilbourne" title="Jean Kilbourne">Jean Kilbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlotta_Walls_LaNier" title="Carlotta Walls LaNier">Carlotta Walls LaNier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Marrack" title="Philippa Marrack">Philippa Marrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Harriman_Rumsey" title="Mary Harriman Rumsey">Mary Harriman Rumsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Smeal" title="Eleanor Smeal">Eleanor Smeal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_Cuomo" title="Matilda Cuomo">Matilda Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Grandin" title="Temple Grandin">Temple Grandin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Hansberry" title="Lorraine Hansberry">Lorraine Hansberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Jackson_(entrepreneur)" title="Victoria Jackson (entrepreneur)">Victoria Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry_Lansing" title="Sherry Lansing">Sherry Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Clare Boothe Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aimee_Mullins" title="Aimee Mullins">Aimee Mullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Mutter" title="Carol Mutter">Carol Mutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Rowley" title="Janet Rowley">Janet Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Waters" title="Alice Waters">Alice Waters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Allred" title="Gloria Allred">Gloria Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Angela Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Deer" title="Sarah Deer">Sarah Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Malachowski" title="Nicole Malachowski">Nicole Malachowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_O%27Neill" title="Rose O'Neill">Rose O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Slaughter" title="Louise Slaughter">Louise Slaughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Spiegel" title="Laurie Spiegel">Laurie Spiegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flossie_Wong-Staal" title="Flossie Wong-Staal">Flossie Wong-Staal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2020–2029" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">2020–2029</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hillary_(adventurer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Hillary (adventurer)">Barbara Hillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Rose_Johns" title="Barbara Rose Johns">Barbara Rose Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Lacks" title="Henrietta Lacks">Henrietta Lacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Church_Terrell" title="Mary Church Terrell">Mary Church Terrell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Octavia_E._Butler" title="Octavia E. Butler">Octavia E. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Chicago" title="Judy Chicago">Judy Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_S._Halstead" title="Rebecca S. Halstead">Rebecca S. Halstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mia_Hamm" title="Mia Hamm">Mia Hamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joy_Harjo" title="Joy Harjo">Joy Harjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Howland" title="Emily Howland">Emily Howland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Johnson" title="Katherine Johnson">Katherine Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra_Nooyi" title="Indra Nooyi">Indra Nooyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Bath" title="Patricia Bath">Patricia Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Bridges" title="Ruby Bridges">Ruby Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elouise_P._Cobell" title="Elouise P. Cobell">Elouise P. Cobell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberl%C3%A9_Crenshaw" title="Kimberlé Crenshaw">Kimberlé Crenshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_McIntosh" title="Peggy McIntosh">Peggy McIntosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Plaskow" title="Judith Plaskow">Judith Plaskow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretta_Ross" title="Loretta Ross">Loretta Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Stone_(artist)" title="Sandy Stone (artist)">Sandy Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Wessels_Williams" title="Anna Wessels Williams">Anna Wessels Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Template:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="TCA Career Achievement Award">TCA Career Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Tinker" title="Grant Tinker">Grant Tinker</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hill_Street_Blues" title="Hill Street Blues">Hill Street Blues</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Brinkley" title="David Brinkley">David Brinkley</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Tartikoff" title="Brandon Tartikoff">Brandon Tartikoff</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuralt" title="Charles Kuralt">Charles Kuralt</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Rogers" title="Fred Rogers">Fred Rogers</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roone_Arledge" title="Roone Arledge">Roone Arledge</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Van_Dyke" title="Dick Van Dyke">Dick Van Dyke</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Caesar" title="Sid Caesar">Sid Caesar</a> (2001)</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cosby" title="Bill Cosby">Bill Cosby</a></s> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Reiner" title="Carl Reiner">Carl Reiner</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hewitt" title="Don Hewitt">Don Hewitt</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Newhart" title="Bob Newhart">Bob Newhart</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Garner" title="James Garner">James Garner</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Letterman" title="David Letterman">David Letterman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walters" title="Barbara Walters">Barbara Walters</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burrows" title="James Burrows">James Burrows</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Moreno" title="Rita Moreno">Rita Moreno</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Milch" title="David Milch">David Milch</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Alex Trebek</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Smart" title="Jean Smart">Jean Smart</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Danson" title="Ted Danson">Ted Danson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Braugher" title="Andre Braugher">Andre Braugher</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1984" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1984_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:1984 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1984_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:1984 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1984_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1984 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1984" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Television Hall of Fame">Television Hall of Fame</a> Class of 1984</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Berle" title="Milton Berle">Milton Berle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Murrow" title="Edward R. Murrow">Edward R. Murrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Paley" title="William S. Paley">William S. Paley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Template talk:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_20th_Century" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_100:_The_Most_Important_People_of_the_Century" title="Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century"><i>Time</i> 100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders & revolutionaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sanger" title="Margaret Sanger">Margaret Sanger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tank_Man" title="Tank Man">Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists & entertainers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucille Ball</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Brando" title="Marlon Brando">Marlon Brando</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel" title="Coco Chanel">Coco Chanel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Martha Graham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers_and_Oscar_Hammerstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein">Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bart_Simpson" title="Bart Simpson">Bart Simpson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Builders & titans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bechtel_Sr." title="Stephen Bechtel Sr.">Stephen Bechtel Sr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Burnett" title="Leo Burnett">Leo Burnett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willis_Carrier" title="Willis Carrier">Willis Carrier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Giannini" title="Amadeo Giannini">Amadeo Giannini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Kroc" title="Ray Kroc">Ray Kroc</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(businesswoman)" title="Estée Lauder (businesswoman)">Estée Lauder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Levitt" title="William Levitt">William Levitt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lucky_Luciano" title="Lucky Luciano">Lucky Luciano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_B._Mayer" title="Louis B. Mayer">Louis B. Mayer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Merrill" title="Charles E. Merrill">Charles E. Merrill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reuther" title="Walter Reuther">Walter Reuther</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Sarnoff" title="David Sarnoff">David Sarnoff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Trippe" title="Juan Trippe">Juan Trippe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Walton" title="Sam Walton">Sam Walton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Jr." title="Thomas J. Watson Jr.">Thomas J. Watson Jr.</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientists & thinkers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baekeland" title="Leo Baekeland">Leo Baekeland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Enrico Fermi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Alexander Fleming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Goddard" title="Robert H. Goddard">Robert H. Goddard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">John Maynard Keynes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leakey_family" title="Leakey family">Leakey family</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget" title="Jean Piaget">Jean Piaget</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Salk" title="Jonas Salk">Jonas Salk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing" title="Alan Turing">Alan Turing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_Watson" title="James Watson">James Watson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heroes & icons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G.I." title="G.I.">The American G.I.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Lady Diana Spencer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Hillary" title="Edmund Hillary">Edmund Hillary</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tenzing_Norgay" title="Tenzing Norgay">Tenzing Norgay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Helen Keller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_family" title="Kennedy family">Kennedy family</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lee" title="Bruce Lee">Bruce Lee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk" title="Harvey Milk">Harvey Milk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emmeline_Pankhurst" title="Emmeline Pankhurst">Emmeline Pankhurst</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks" title="Rosa Parks">Rosa Parks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">Jackie Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sakharov" title="Andrei Sakharov">Andrei Sakharov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Mother Teresa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_W." title="Bill W.">Bill W.</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/19px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/29px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/38px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Arts">Arts</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/21px-Flag_of_California.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/32px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_California.svg/42px-Flag_of_California.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:California" title="Portal:California">California</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SMirC-laugh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SMirC-laugh.svg/19px-SMirC-laugh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SMirC-laugh.svg/29px-SMirC-laugh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/SMirC-laugh.svg/38px-SMirC-laugh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Comedy" title="Portal:Comedy">Comedy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/21px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/42px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York" class="mw-disambig" title="Portal:New York">New York</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/21px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/32px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/42px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Television" title="Portal:Television">Television</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209662#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000368515409">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000008371448X">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/34646030">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/53140/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgCQBYXQxwKKRm9gQ8KVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11928622X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80043347">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ball, Lucille (1911-1989)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139299575">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ball, Lucille (1911-1989)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139299575">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36024790">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jx20060721001&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ball, Lucille (1911-1989)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1627194">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p074204270">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020P1319">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/rp358vc95645x26">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007444712205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058571490206706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10273666?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/939570c2-2083-4898-be1f-1d913781cf6d">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/bios/lucille-ball">Emmy Awards</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1191058">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11928622X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11928622X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/070665281">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10580834">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w61d2m0g">SNAC</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6086bm2">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&oldid=1257928564">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucille_Ball&oldid=1257928564</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lucille_Ball" title="Category:Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1911_births" title="Category:1911 births">1911 births</a></li><li><a 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[\"CITEREFFink2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFletcher,_Alicia2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlint1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrankBraude2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFuster2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGehring2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGelhorenHeldman2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGorman2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHerringshaw2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHipes2022\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHofer2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHofstede,_David2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolguin1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunter2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKanfer2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKanfer2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarol2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKarol2004a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKimble\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLester1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMankiewicz\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcNary2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeeks2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNachman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNancy_Blair2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRorke2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSandersGilbert1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSandersGilbert1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSandersGilbert2001\"] = 1,\n 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DeMille Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 30,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite episode\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 20,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 53,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Ball, Lucille\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"EmmyAward ComedyLeadActress\"] = 1,\n [\"EmmyAward GovernorsAward\"] = 1,\n [\"Find a Grave\"] = 1,\n [\"Flatlist\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvard citation no brackets\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year\"] = 1,\n [\"IBDB name\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 6,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 2,\n [\"National Women's Hall of Fame\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nom\"] = 6,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rotten-tomatoes-person\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 24,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"TCA Career Achievement Award\"] = 1,\n [\"TCMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"TV Guide person\"] = 1,\n [\"Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century\"] = 1,\n [\"Unbulleted list\"] = 3,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikicite\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Won\"] = 10,\n [\"YouTube\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","220","18.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","180","14.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","140","11.5"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","11.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","60","4.9"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","60","4.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","40","3.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","40","3.3"],["init \u003CModule:Citation/CS1/Date_validation\u003E","40","3.3"],["select_author_editor_source \u003CModule:Citation/CS1:2169\u003E","40","3.3"],["[others]","260","21.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-9vxhs","timestamp":"20241125133504","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Lucille Ball","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lucille_Ball","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q209662","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q209662","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-11-05T17:38:23Z","dateModified":"2024-11-17T08:11:08Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/38\/LDBALL1950s.jpg","headline":"American actress (1911\u20131989)"}</script> </body> </html>