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href="#Collaboration_with_Arafat,_role_in_the_PLO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Collaboration with Arafat, role in the PLO</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collaboration_with_Arafat,_role_in_the_PLO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Assassination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views_of_Zionism" 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Salah Khalaf</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81" title="صلاح خلف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صلاح خلف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%97_%D7%97%27%D7%9C%D7%A3" title="צלאח ח'לף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צלאח ח'לף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Khalaf" title="Salah Khalaf – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Salah Khalaf" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah_Chalaf" title="Salah Chalaf – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salah Chalaf" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1343740#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Palestinian Fatah senior official (1933–1991)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Abu_Ali_Iyad" title="Abu Ali Iyad">Abu Ali Iyad (1934-1971)</a>, the commander of the Black September Organization.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Salah Khalaf</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><div class="nickname" lang="ar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">صلاح خلف</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Salah_Khalaf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Salah_Khalaf.jpg/220px-Salah_Khalaf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/45/Salah_Khalaf.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="331" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1933-08-31</span>)</span>31 August 1933<br /><a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">14 January 1991<span style="display:none">(1991-01-14)</span> (aged 57)<br /><a href="/wiki/Carthage" title="Carthage">Carthage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manner of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">Assassination</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Amman, Jordan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al_Azhar_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Azhar University">Al Azhar University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ain_Shams_University" title="Ain Shams University">Ain Shams University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">Politician</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Salah Mesbah Khalaf</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">صلاح مصباح خلف</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Ṣalāḥ Maṣbāḥ Ḵalaf</i></span>), also known as <b>Abu Iyad</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">أبو إياد</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">ʾAbū ʾIyād</i></span>) (31 August 1933 – 14 January 1991), was a Palestinian militant and the deputy chief and head of intelligence for the <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">Palestine Liberation Organization</a>. He was the second most senior official of <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> after <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States and Israel believed him to have been a founder of the <a href="/wiki/Black_September_Organization" title="Black September Organization">Black September Organization</a>. </p><p>Suspected of having helped the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> to break up <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nidal" title="Abu Nidal">Abu Nidal</a>'s so-called "<a href="/wiki/Abu_Nidal_Organization" title="Abu Nidal Organization">Abu Nidal Organization</a>", Khalaf was assassinated by a member of that organization in 1991. Palestinians, and many onlookers, generally believe Abu Nidal was responsible for his death. Some believe the order came from Iraqi President <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2></div> <p>Khalaf was born in northern <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a> in 1933,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> close to Tel Aviv. His father, who came from <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza</a>, ran a grocery in <a href="/wiki/Carmel_Market" title="Carmel Market">Carmel Market</a>, where half of his clients were Jewish and he spoke Hebrew, which his son also picked up from companions among Sephardic Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-elit13_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elit13-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salah had four siblings.<sup id="cite_ref-elit13_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elit13-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of his uncles was married to a Jew.<sup id="cite_ref-posner_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-posner-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He dates his first feelings of animosity towards Jews to an incident in 1945, when he was taunted by Jewish youths for being an Arab while riding over to visit relatives. They smashed his bicycle, and, on returning home, he learnt that Jewish friends had falsely reported that he had knifed Jews in Jaffa, at a time corresponding to the bicycle incident. He was arrested, aged 11, by British police, beaten up and sentenced to a year of house arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013245_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013245-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On expiry of the sentence, he joined the 'lion cubs' of the <a href="/wiki/Al-Najjada" title="Al-Najjada">Al-Najjada</a> militia founded by his school principal <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Nimr_al-Hawari" title="Muhammad Nimr al-Hawari">Muhammad Nimr al-Hawari</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-posner_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-posner-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which inculcated a rejection of racism, bigotry, and parochial loyalism, and taught him how to retaliate to violence with violence. </p><p>His family abandoned Jaffa by boat for Gaza on 13 May 1948, as part of a general flight inspired by news of the <a href="/wiki/Deir_Yassin_massacre" title="Deir Yassin massacre">Deir Yassin massacre</a> and a sense of Jewish military superiority. They fully expected to return as an expected tide in the fortunes of war changed, enabling the Arab armies to drive back to Zionists.<sup id="cite_ref-posner_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-posner-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He moved to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> in the early 1950s, enrolling in the Dar al-Ulum teacher's college.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPosner198758-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There, in 1951, he became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collaboration_with_Arafat,_role_in_the_PLO"><span id="Collaboration_with_Arafat.2C_role_in_the_PLO"></span>Collaboration with Arafat, role in the PLO</h2></div> <p>In 1951, Khalaf met <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_University" title="Al-Azhar University">al-Azhar University</a>—where he studied literature—during a meeting of the <a href="/wiki/General_Union_of_Palestinian_Students" title="General Union of Palestinian Students">General Union of Palestinian Students</a>. He returned to Gaza in 1957 with a combined degree in philosophy and psychology, and a teacher's certificate from Ain Shams University, where he was assigned to teach at Al Zahra, a girls' school, a position that was, in his memoirs, allocated in order to make him a pariah in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPosner198758-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The posting lasted six months, after which he was transferred to teach in a makeshift school for poor refugee boys in the Gaza desert. Responding to a call from Arafat, he left for <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> and, together with Arafat, Farouk al-Qaddum, Khaled al-Hassan, Abd al-Muhsin al-Qatan and Khalil Ibrahim al-Wazir, founded <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> - a name meaning "Conquest" composed from the reversed initials of <i>Harakat al-Tahrir al-Watani al-Filastini</i> (Movement for the National Liberation of Palestine).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758–9_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPosner198758–9-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Abu_Iyad_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu_Iyad-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was accused by <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> of having founded the <a href="/wiki/Black_September_Organization" title="Black September Organization">Black September Organization</a>. As a result, Khalaf was arrested by the Jordanians and then released after he appealed to his comrades to stop fighting and to lay down their arms. According to Said Abu Rish's biography of Yasser Arafat, Arafat had used the fact that Khalaf had negotiated with King <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein of Jordan</a> to deflect criticism from himself over the conduct of the fighting between Palestinian guerrillas and the Jordanian army in 1970–71, portraying Khalaf as weak. Some argue that the ridicule his mediation met with was a decisive factor in his turn towards tactics which were considered by his adversaries to be terroristic.<sup id="cite_ref-PsT_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PsT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khalaf then felt the need to restore his reputation within the Palestinian community, and became one of the foremost advocates for the terror campaigns conducted by PLO fighters and others during the early 1970s. Christopher Dobson, who met Khalaf in Cairo at this time, described him as someone who would pass unnoticed in a crowd, while topping Israel's most wanted list.<sup id="cite_ref-PsT_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PsT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Khalaf met with the U.S. ambassador to Tunis as part of the U.S.-PLO dialogue, a contact that had been authorized by <a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">James Baker</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FM_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FM-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a man "who had been instrumental in bringing about the shift of PLO policy toward greater pragmatism."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khalaf opposed Arafat's alliance with <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>, in so far as, he argued, one could not side with an occupying power when one was fighting in one's own country against an occupation. It was rumoured that he had openly expressed disagreement with the Iraqi leader in face to face meetings,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013249_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013249-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and vouched to stay neutral during the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Persian Gulf War</a> in 1991. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assassination">Assassination</h2></div> <p>Khalaf is said to have helped the CIA in an operation to break up the <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nidal" title="Abu Nidal">Abu Nidal</a> organization. Defectors who split off were given refuge in <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a> by the <a href="/wiki/PLO" class="mw-redirect" title="PLO">PLO</a>. On 14 January 1991, Khalaf was assassinated in the Tunisian home of Abu Hol (<a href="/wiki/Hayel_Abdul_Hamid" title="Hayel Abdul Hamid">Hayel Abdul Hamid</a>, the security head of Fatah), by a Palestinian guard, Hamza Abu Zaid who was a <a href="/wiki/Plant_(person)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant (person)">plant</a> from Abu Nidal's group.<sup id="cite_ref-FM_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FM-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zaid shot Khalef in the head, along with Abul Hol and another PLO operative and an aide to Khalaf, <a href="/wiki/Fakhri_Al_Omari" title="Fakhri Al Omari">Fakhri Al Omari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Abu_Iyad_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu_Iyad-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Palestinians generally reacted by blaming Abu Nidal for the murder, since he was backed by Iraq, and Zaid later confessed to being in contact with Nidal.<sup id="cite_ref-Seale1992p312_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seale1992p312-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013270_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013270-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Seale considers Abu Nidal to certainly have been behind the murder, others think the order probably came directly from <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FM_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FM-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A funeral service was held for Khalaf and the other two PLO officials in Tunis with the attendance of Yasser Arafat.<sup id="cite_ref-elit13_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elit13-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another service was held in Amman where they were buried at the martyr's cemetery.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <p>Khalaf married his cousin on 13 July 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-yaf_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yaf-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had six children:<sup id="cite_ref-yaf_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yaf-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> three daughters and three sons.<sup id="cite_ref-elit13_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elit13-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views_of_Zionism">Views of Zionism</h2></div> <p>According to Elizabeth Thompson, Khalaf regarded <a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a> as an ideology exploited by a political elite which manipulated memories of <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> in order to create a <a href="/wiki/Persecution_complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution complex">persecution complex</a> among <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013260_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013260-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="School_naming">School naming</h2></div> <p>On 24 September 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a> named a school in <a href="/wiki/Tulkarem" class="mw-redirect" title="Tulkarem">Tulkarem</a> after Khalaf. Tulkarem governor Issam Abu Bakr said that the school was named after "martyr Salah Khalaf in order to commemorate the memory of this great national fighter".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2></div> <p>An Italian public attorney and retired prosecutor—and former director of investigations into the loss of <a href="/wiki/Itavia_Flight_870" title="Itavia Flight 870">Itavia Flight 870</a>— Judge <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosario_Priore" class="extiw" title="it:Rosario Priore">Rosario Priore</a> argued in a book that Abu Iyad had ordered two German terrorists linked to Venezuelan <a href="/wiki/Carlos_the_Jackal" title="Carlos the Jackal">Carlos the Jackal</a> to carry out the 1980 <a href="/wiki/Bologna_massacre" title="Bologna massacre">Bologna massacre</a> (for which three neo-fascists were convicted, including <a href="/wiki/Valerio_Fioravanti" title="Valerio Fioravanti">Valerio Fioravanti</a>). The operation was ordered to avenge the break-up of the so-called "lodo Moro ", a secret agreement with which <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Aldo Moro</a> would have guaranteed the free transit of Palestinians guerrillas and terrorists to Italy. </p><p>After the arrest of Abu Anzeh Saleh with some missiles destined to Palestinians in 1979, Abu Iyad decided to retaliate, using Czechoslovak explosive provided by <a href="/wiki/Gaddafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaddafi">Gaddafi</a>'s Libya. The explosives were destined to the reinforced walls of Trani's jail, in an action aimed to evade prison for Saleh. Abu Anzeh Saleh was liberated despite having taken less than two years in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former President of the Italian Republic <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Francesco Cossiga</a> supported a similar thesis, but he accused <a href="/wiki/George_Habash" title="George Habash">George Habash</a> instead of Abu Iyad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Fatah_members" title="List of Fatah members">List of Fatah members</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Salah khalaf</i>. [S.l.]: Book on Demand Ltd. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5512009123" title="Special:BookSources/978-5512009123"><bdi>978-5512009123</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salah+khalaf&rft.place=%5BS.l.%5D&rft.pub=Book+on+Demand+Ltd&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-5512009123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrfan2023" class="citation book cs1">Irfan, Anne (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7312/irfa20284"><i>Refuge and Resistance. Palestinians and the International Refugee System</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. p. 204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7312%2Firfa20284">10.7312/irfa20284</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231554749" title="Special:BookSources/9780231554749"><bdi>9780231554749</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Refuge+and+Resistance.+Palestinians+and+the+International+Refugee+System&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=204&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7312%2Firfa20284&rft.isbn=9780231554749&rft.aulast=Irfan&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7312%2Firfa20284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elit13-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elit13_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elit13_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elit13_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elit13_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2013" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Elizabeth F. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674076099"><i>Justice Interrupted: The Struggle for Constitutional Government in the Middle East</i></a>. Cambridge, MA; London: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. pp. 244–245, 271. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4159%2Fharvard.9780674076099">10.4159/harvard.9780674076099</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674073135" title="Special:BookSources/9780674073135"><bdi>9780674073135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Justice+Interrupted%3A+The+Struggle+for+Constitutional+Government+in+the+Middle+East&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA%3B+London&rft.pages=244-245%2C+271&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4159%2Fharvard.9780674076099&rft.isbn=9780674073135&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4159%2Fharvard.9780674076099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-posner-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-posner_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-posner_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-posner_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPosner1987" class="citation book cs1">Posner, Steve (November 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://press.syr.edu/supressbooks/1790"><i>Israel Undercover: Secret Warfare and Hidden Diplomacy in the Middle East</i></a> (1st ed.). Syracuse, N.Y.: <a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University_Press" title="Syracuse University Press">Syracuse University Press</a>. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815652038" title="Special:BookSources/9780815652038"><bdi>9780815652038</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/972504178">972504178</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel+Undercover%3A+Secret+Warfare+and+Hidden+Diplomacy+in+the+Middle+East&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+N.Y.&rft.pages=57&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1987-11&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F972504178&rft.isbn=9780815652038&rft.aulast=Posner&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpress.syr.edu%2Fsupressbooks%2F1790&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013245-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013245_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2013">Thompson 2013</a>, pp. 245.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPosner198758-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPosner1987">Posner 1987</a>, pp. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiliu2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Filiu" title="Jean-Pierre Filiu">Filiu, Jean-Pierre</a> (2014). <i>Gaza: A History</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 153, 159, 392, 402.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaza%3A+A+History&rft.pages=153%2C+159%2C+392%2C+402&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Filiu&rft.aufirst=Jean-Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPosner198758–9-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPosner198758–9_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPosner1987">Posner 1987</a>, pp. 58–9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abu_Iyad-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Abu_Iyad_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abu_Iyad_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAburish1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Said_K._Aburish" class="mw-redirect" title="Said K. Aburish">Aburish, Said K.</a> (1998). <i>From Defender to Dictator</i>. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58234-049-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-58234-049-8"><bdi>1-58234-049-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Defender+to+Dictator&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-58234-049-8&rft.aulast=Aburish&rft.aufirst=Said+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PsT-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PsT_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PsT_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030928192655/https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Soc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf">"The Sociology and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Be comes a Terrorist and Why?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Library of Congress. 1 September 1999. p. 52. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Soc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 September 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sociology+and+Psychology+of+Terrorism%3A+Who+Be+comes+a+Terrorist+and+Why%3F&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1999-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Frr%2Ffrd%2Fpdf-files%2FSoc_Psych_of_Terrorism.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FM-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FM_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FM_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FM_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuandt2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_B._Quandt" title="William B. Quandt">Quandt, William B.</a> (20 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5x5z3CRTPFgC&pg=RA1-PT78">"7. Skewed perceptions: Yasir Arafat in the eyes of American officials, 1969-2004"</a>. In Freedman, Lawrence; Michaels, Jeffrey (eds.). <i>Scripting Middle East Leaders: The Impact of Leadership Perceptions on U.S. and UK Foreign Policy</i>. <a href="/wiki/A_%26_C_Black" title="A & C Black">A & C Black</a>. pp. 101–116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-8572-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-8572-3"><bdi>978-1-4411-8572-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=7.+Skewed+perceptions%3A+Yasir+Arafat+in+the+eyes+of+American+officials%2C+1969-2004&rft.btitle=Scripting+Middle+East+Leaders%3A+The+Impact+of+Leadership+Perceptions+on+U.S.+and+UK+Foreign+Policy&rft.pages=101-116&rft.pub=A+%26+C+Black&rft.date=2012-12-20&rft.isbn=978-1-4411-8572-3&rft.aulast=Quandt&rft.aufirst=William+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5x5z3CRTPFgC%26pg%3DRA1-PT78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuandt2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_B._Quandt" title="William B. Quandt">Quandt, William B.</a> (1 January 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-rmCPnSghbcC&pg=PA297"><i>Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict Since 1967</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Brookings_Institution_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Brookings Institution Press">Brookings Institution Press</a>. p. 297. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22374-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-22374-5"><bdi>978-0-520-22374-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peace+Process%3A+American+Diplomacy+and+the+Arab-Israeli+Conflict+Since+1967&rft.pages=297&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution+Press&rft.date=2001-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-520-22374-5&rft.aulast=Quandt&rft.aufirst=William+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-rmCPnSghbcC%26pg%3DPA297&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013249-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013249_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2013">Thompson 2013</a>, pp. 249.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/16/world/confrontation-gulf-plo-suspicion-palestinian-slayings-now-focuses-abu-nidal.html">"The P.L.O.; Suspicion in Palestinian Slayings Now Focuses"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 16 January 1991<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+P.L.O.%3B+Suspicion+in+Palestinian+Slayings+Now+Focuses&rft.date=1991-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F16%2Fworld%2Fconfrontation-gulf-plo-suspicion-palestinian-slayings-now-focuses-abu-nidal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Seale1992p312-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Seale1992p312_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeale1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Seale" title="Patrick Seale">Seale, Patrick</a> (1992). <i>Abu Nidal: Gun For Hire</i>. Hutchinson. pp. 312–316.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Abu+Nidal%3A+Gun+For+Hire&rft.pages=312-316&rft.pub=Hutchinson&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Seale&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013270-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013270_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2013">Thompson 2013</a>, pp. 270.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorman1991" class="citation news cs1">Gorman, Edward (17 January 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/IF0503265116/TTDA?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=e93684c6">"Alert over funerals of PLO men"</a>. <i>The Times</i>. Amman. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Alert+over+funerals+of+PLO+men&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1991-01-17&rft.aulast=Gorman&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.gale.com%2Fapps%2Fdoc%2FIF0503265116%2FTTDA%3Fu%3Dwikipedia%26sid%3Dbookmark-TTDA%26xid%3De93684c6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yaf-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yaf_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yaf_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yaf.ps/page-1115-en.html">"Comrades on the Path: Salah Khalaf (Abu Iyad) (1933-1991)"</a>. Yasser Arafat Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comrades+on+the+Path%3A+Salah+Khalaf+%28Abu+Iyad%29+%281933-1991%29&rft.pub=Yasser+Arafat+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyaf.ps%2Fpage-1115-en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2013260-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2013260_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2013">Thompson 2013</a>, pp. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLieber2016" class="citation news cs1">Lieber, Dov (26 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/pa-governor-defends-naming-school-after-black-september-chief/">"PA governor defends naming school after Black September chief"</a>. <i>The Times of Israel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=PA+governor+defends+naming+school+after+Black+September+chief&rft.date=2016-10-26&rft.aulast=Lieber&rft.aufirst=Dov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fpa-governor-defends-naming-school-after-black-september-chief%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/219539">"Palestinian Authority: Terrorism is part of our culture"</a>. <i>Israel National News</i>. 30 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+National+News&rft.atitle=Palestinian+Authority%3A+Terrorism+is+part+of+our+culture&rft.date=2016-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2FNews%2FNews.aspx%2F219539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrioreCutonilli2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosario_Priore" class="extiw" title="it:Rosario Priore">Priore, Rosario</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in Italian]</span>; Cutonilli, Valerio (7 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uiljDAAAQBAJ"><i>I segreti di Bologna: La verità sull'atto terroristico più grave della storia italiana</i></a> (in Italian). <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiarelettere" class="extiw" title="it:Chiarelettere">Chiarelettere</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-6190-871-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-6190-871-0"><bdi>978-88-6190-871-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+segreti+di+Bologna%3A+La+verit%C3%A0+sull%27atto+terroristico+pi%C3%B9+grave+della+storia+italiana&rft.pub=Chiarelettere&rft.date=2016-07-07&rft.isbn=978-88-6190-871-0&rft.aulast=Priore&rft.aufirst=Rosario&rft.au=Cutonilli%2C+Valerio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuiljDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><i>My Home, My Land: A Narrative of the Palestinian Struggle</i>, Abu Iyad with <a href="/wiki/Eric_Rouleau" title="Eric Rouleau">Eric Rouleau</a>, New York 1981, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-0936-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-0936-4">0-8129-0936-4</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalah_Khalaf_(Abu_Iyad)1990" class="citation journal cs1">Salah Khalaf (Abu Iyad) (1990). "Lowering the Sword". <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i> (78): 92–112. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1148631">10.2307/1148631</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1148631">1148631</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Lowering+the+Sword&rft.issue=78&rft.pages=92-112&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1148631&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1148631%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.au=Salah+Khalaf+%28Abu+Iyad%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhalidi1991" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rashid_Khalidi" title="Rashid Khalidi">Khalidi, Rashid</a> (1991). "Remembrance: Abu Iyad". <i>Middle East Report</i> (169): 4. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3012943">3012943</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Report&rft.atitle=Remembrance%3A+Abu+Iyad&rft.issue=169&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3012943%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Khalidi&rft.aufirst=Rashid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Salah-Khalaf">"Ṣalāḥ Khalaf. Palestinian political activist"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E1%B9%A2al%C4%81%E1%B8%A5+Khalaf.+Palestinian+political+activist&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSalah-Khalaf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalah+Khalaf" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="https://www.idref.fr/132166429">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salah_Khalaf&oldid=1257947066">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salah_Khalaf&oldid=1257947066</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1933_births" title="Category:1933 births">1933 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1991_deaths" title="Category:1991 deaths">1991 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Al-Azhar_University_alumni" title="Category:Al-Azhar University 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