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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D1%83_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A3_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5\" title=\"Википедија:Такмичење у писању чланака/У свету Флоре и Фауне\"\u003EФлоре и фауне\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; 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значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0\" title=\"Википедија:Акција проширивања клица\"\u003Eакцији проширивања клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Порекло" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Порекло"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Порекло</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Порекло-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Кнежевске,_министарске_и_племићке_титуле" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кнежевске,_министарске_и_племићке_титуле"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Кнежевске, министарске и племићке титуле</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кнежевске,_министарске_и_племићке_титуле-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Војни_чинови_и_звања" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Војни_чинови_и_звања"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Војни чинови и звања</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Војни_чинови_и_звања-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Друге_употребе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Друге_употребе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Друге употребе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Друге_употребе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Види_још" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Види_још"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Види још</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Види_још-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Референце" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Референце"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Референце</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Референце-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спољашње_везе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спољашње_везе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Спољашње везе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спољашње_везе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Емир</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 76" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="أمير — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — астуријски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астуријски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fmir" title="Əmir — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əmir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Емир — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емир" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB)" title="Әмир (титул) — башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әмир (титул)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Эмір — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Эмір — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0" title="আমির — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আমির" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amire" title="Amire — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Amire" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир — чувашки" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiir" title="Emiir — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emiir" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BC%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Εμίρης — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εμίρης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — баскијски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_(%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="امیر (عنوان) — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امیر (عنوان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mir" title="Émir — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Émir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — западни фризијски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западни фризијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8" title="אמיר — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמיר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0" title="अमीर — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अमीर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír — исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiro" title="Emiro — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Emiro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="アミール — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アミール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ამირა — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამირა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Әмір — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әмір" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир — киргиски" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiri" title="Amiri — свахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Amiri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="свахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4" title="아미르 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아미르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiralis" title="Amiralis — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Amiralis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C4%ABrs" title="Emīrs — летонски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Emīrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="летонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emyras" title="Emyras — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Emyras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C3%ADr" title="Emír — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Emír" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Емир — македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Емир" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emira" title="Emira — малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Emira" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BC" title="അമീർ — малајалам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അമീർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малајалам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" title="अमिर — непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अमिर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — норвешки нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвешки нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amir" title="Amir — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0_(%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80)" title="ਅਮੀਰ (ਪਦਵੀ) — пенџапски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮੀਰ (ਪਦਵੀ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенџапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر — паштунски" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="паштунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Эмир — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эмир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="امير — синди" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="امير" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiri" title="Emiri — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Emiri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ئەمیر — централни курдски" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەمیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="централни курдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emiiri" title="Emiiri — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Emiiri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" title="Emir — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Emir" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Амир — таџички" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Амир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таџички" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir_(makam_sahibi)" title="Emir (makam sahibi) — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Emir (makam sahibi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Емір — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Емір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="امیر — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94" title="埃米尔 — ву кинески" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="埃米尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE" title="埃米爾 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃米爾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE" title="埃米爾 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃米爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q166382#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Уреди међујезичке везе" class="wbc-editpage">Уреди везе</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именски простори"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">С Википедије, слободне енциклопедије</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/220px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/330px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png/440px-Prokudin-Gorskii-19-v2.png 2x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="2859" /></a><figcaption>Бухари Алим Хан (1880—1943). Фотографија С. М. Прокудина-Горског из 1911 године.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Емир</b> (أمير) је <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски језик">арапски</a> израз којим се изворно значавао <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Командант">командант</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Генерал">генерал</a>, или <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="Принц">принц</a>, а понекад се изговара и као <i><b>амир</b></i>, али има исто значење. </p><p>Овај израз временом је постао назив за високу <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Племство">племићку</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Списак титула">титулу</a>, или титулу коју су добијали државни функционери који су се налазили на високим положајима, најчешће у <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Арапи">арапском</a> свету, а од <a href="/wiki/19._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="19. век">19. века</a> и у <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Авганистан">Авганистану</a>. Ова титула се врло брзо раширила у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Средњи век">средњовековном</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Муслимани">муслиманском</a> свету. Емири су у <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">исламским</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Монархија">монархијама</a>, обично били високо позиционирани шеици. У случајевима кад се та титула односила на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85" title="Монарх">монархову</a> децу, емир је тад значио принц (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Кнез">кнежевић</a>), а уз његову титулу ишао је и <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Емират">емират</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Кнежевина">кнежевина</a>) - територија којим је он управљао. Емирати су дакле били пандан <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">европским</a> кнежевинама. </p><p>Емир је и врло популарно и често <a href="/wiki/Li%C4%8Dno_ime" title="Lično ime">лично име</a> (не и титула) у <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Босна и Херцеговина">Босни</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Турска">Турској</a>. Реч емир ушла је у <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">енглески језик</a> <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>. године преко <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Француски језик">француске</a> речи <i>емир</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-etimol_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etimol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Емир је било једно од имена или наслова муслиманског пророка Мухамеда. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар">Катар</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%82" title="Кувајт">Кувајт</a> су једине независне земље које су задржале титулу „емир” за своје монархе. Последњих година, савремени наследни владари који желе да нагласе своју секуларну власт под владавином права, титулу су постепено замењивали са „краљ”. Значајан пример је <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бахреин">Бахреин</a>, чији је монарх променио титулу из емира у краља 2002. године.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Порекло"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.BB.D0.BE"></span>Порекло</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Порекло”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Порекло"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg/220px-Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg/330px-Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg/440px-Assedio_di_Messina_1040.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1754" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>Амир <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Abul_Abbas_of_Sicily&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Abul Abbas of Sicily (страница не постоји)">Мухамед Абул Абас</a> са Сицилије осваја италијанску Месијану.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/220px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/330px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg/440px-Shuja_Shah_Durrani_of_Afghanistan_in_1839.jpg 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>Двор <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Авганистан">авганистанског</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Durrani_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Durrani Empire (страница не постоји)">Емирата Дурани</a> 1839. године.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/220px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/330px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg/440px-Emir_of_Kano_on_his_throne_092016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kano_Emirate_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kano Emirate Council (страница не постоји)">Емир од Каноа</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanusi_Lamido_Sanusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanusi Lamido Sanusi (страница не постоји)">Сануси Ламидо Сануси</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><span id="amir"></span><i>Амир</i>, што значи „господар” или „<a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Врховни командант">главни командант</a>”, изведено је из <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски језик">арапског</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Triconsonantal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Triconsonantal (страница не постоји)">корена</a> <i><i lang="ar-Latn" title="DIN 31635 Arabic (арапски језик) [транслитерација]">a-m-r</i></i>, „команда”. Првобитно са једноставним значењем „командант”, почела је да се користи као титула вођа, гувернера или владара мањих држава. У савременом арапском језику ова реч је аналогна титули „принц”. Реч је ушла у <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Енглески језик">енглески</a> 1593. године, од <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Француски језик">француске</a> речи <i><i><span lang="fr" title="француски текст">émir</span></i></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> То је била једна од титула или имена <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Ислам">исламског</a> пророка <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мухамед">Мухамеда</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Кнежевске,_министарске_и_племићке_титуле"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.B5.D0.B2.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B5.2C_.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B5_.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.9B.D0.BA.D0.B5_.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.82.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B5"></span>Кнежевске, министарске и племићке титуле</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Кнежевске, министарске и племићке титуле”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Кнежевске, министарске и племићке титуле"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Монарси <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар">Катара</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%82" title="Кувајт">Кувајта</a> тренутно носе титулу емира.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Сви чланови <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Династија Сауд">куће Сауд</a> имају титулу <i>емира</i> (принца).<sup id="cite_ref-Sheikh_to_Chic_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sheikh_to_Chic-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-web.archive.org_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-web.archive.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Family_Tree_datarabia_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Family_Tree_datarabia-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Авганистан">Авганистан</a> под владом <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Талибан">Талибана</a> је званично емират де факто, са <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leader_of_the_Islamic_Emirate_of_Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leader of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (страница не постоји)">вођом</a> талибана који носи титулу <i lang="ar-Latn" title="арапски-language [транслитерација]"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-Mu%27minin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-Mu'minin (страница не постоји)">Amir al-Mu'minin</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Калифат">Калифи</a> су прво користиле титулу <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-Muminin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-Muminin (страница не постоји)">Амир ел-Муминин</a></i> или „командант верних”, наглашавајући своје вођство над исламским царством, посебно над милицијом. Ту титулу су преузели разни други <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Муслимани">муслимански</a> владари, укључујући султане и емире. За <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Шиизам">шиитске</a> муслимане, они и даље дају ову титулу калифу <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Алија">Алији</a> као <i>Амир ел-Муминин</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Абасидски калифат">Абасидски</a> (у теорији још увек универзални) калиф <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Radi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Radi (страница не постоји)">Ел-Ради</a> је створио место <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-Umara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-Umara (страница не постоји)">Амира ел-Умара</a></i> („амир амира“) за <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Raik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Raik (страница не постоји)">Ибн Рејка</a>; титула се користила у разним исламским монархијама, као и у војном контекстру. У Ираку, директни потомци претходних емира из највећих племена, као што су племена <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shammar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shammar (страница не постоји)">Шамар</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban%C5%AB_Khuza%CA%BDah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banū Khuzaʽah (страница не постоји)">Куза</a>, који су владали краљевствима пре модерне државности, користе титулу шеика или принца као потомци краљевске породице.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Амир ел-Бахр</i> (<span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="арапски текст">أمير البحر</span>, „морски заповедник“) сматра се <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Етимологија">етимолошким</a> местом порекла енглеског <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Адмирал">адмирала</a></i>, француског <i><span lang="fr" title="француски текст"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Адмирал">amiral</a></span></i> и сличних термина у другим европским језицима.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Војни_чинови_и_звања"><span id=".D0.92.D0.BE.D1.98.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.87.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8_.D0.B8_.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B0"></span>Војни чинови и звања</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Војни чинови и звања”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Војни чинови и звања"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Од почетка је <i>емир</i> била војна титула. У 9. веку термин је коришћен да означи владара једне државе, односно <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Италија">италијанског</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Емират Сицилија">Емирата Сицилије</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>У одређеним децимално организованим муслиманским војскама, Амир је био официрски чин. На пример, у <a href="/wiki/Mogulsko_carstvo" title="Mogulsko carstvo">мугулског Индији</a>, Амири су командовали са 1000 коњаника (подељених у десет јединица, свака под <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sipah_salar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sipah salar (страница не постоји)">сипах саларом</a>), десет од њих под једним <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Малик (Босиљево)">маликом</a>. У царској војсци <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Каџари (династија)">каџарске</a> Персије: </p> <ul><li><i>Амир-и-Нујан</i></li> <li><i>Амир Панџ</i>, „Командант 5.000”</li> <li><i>Амир-и-Туман</i>, „Командант 10.000”</li></ul> <p>Следећа звања која се помињу као „амир” постојала су средњовековним муслиманским државама: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-umara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-umara (страница не постоји)">Амир ел-умара</a></i>, „амир амира“ (уп. супра) или „командант команданта“</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-hajj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-hajj (страница не постоји)">Амир ел-хаџ</a></i>, „командант <a href="/wiki/Had%C5%BEiluk" title="Hadžiluk">хаџа</a> [каравана]”</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amir_al-%CA%BFarab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amir al-ʿarab (страница не постоји)">Амир ел-араб</a></i>, „командант Арапа [бедуинских племена]”</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Друге_употребе"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.B5_.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.B1.D0.B5"></span>Друге употребе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Друге употребе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Друге употребе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Амир је мушко име на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Персијски језик">перзијском језику</a> и име префикса за многа мушка имена као што су Амир Али, Амир Абас.</li> <li>Амир-и-Иел означава поглавара <a href="/w/index.php?title=Il_(tribe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Il (tribe) (страница не постоји)">Ил</a> (племена) у царској Персији.</li> <li>Мушки <i>Амир</i> и женско <i>Амира</i> су имена на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски језик">арапском</a> језику уобичајена међу Арапима, без обзира на веру и муслиманима без обзира на етничку припадност, баш као што су латински <i>Рекс</i> и <i>Регина</i> („краљ“ и „краљица“) уобичајени у западном свету. У <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Босна и Херцеговина">Босни и Херцеговини</a> женско име Емира, које се често тумачи као „принцеза”, изведеница је од мушког имена Емир.</li> <li>Мушки <i>Амир</i> и <i>женско</i> <i>Амира</i> су имена на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Хебрејски језик">хебрејском</a> језику која су релативно честа у <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Израел">Израелу</a>. На хебрејском та реч такође може значити „сноп жита” или „крошња дрвета” у зависности од правописа.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Види_још"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8_.D1.98.D0.BE.D1.88"></span>Види још</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Види још”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Види још"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Везир">Везир</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Шеик">Шеик</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Султан">Султан</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Калифат">Калиф</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%9F%D0%B0" title="Раџа">Раџа</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Референце"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B5"></span>Референце</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Референце”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Референце"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-etimol-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-etimol_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=amir&searchmode=none">„<i>Emir</i>”</a> (на језику: engleski). 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Приступљено <span class="nowrap">6. 11. 2011</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.btitle=Emir&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fsearch%3Damir%26searchmode%3Dnone&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Непрепознат језик (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Непрепознат језик">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.alaraby.co.uk/opinion/ruling-bahrain-part-i-emir-declares-himself-king">„Ruling Bahrain (Part I): The emir declares himself king”</a>. 14. 3. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220905141349/https://english.alaraby.co.uk/opinion/ruling-bahrain-part-i-emir-declares-himself-king">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 5. 9. 2022. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">5. 9. 2022</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.btitle=Ruling+Bahrain+%28Part+I%29%3A+The+emir+declares+himself+king&rft.date=2019-03-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alaraby.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fruling-bahrain-part-i-emir-declares-himself-king&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Harper, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=amir&searchmode=none">„amir (n.)”</a>. <i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702133547/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=amir&searchmode=none">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 2. 7. 2017. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">29. 6. 2017</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=amir+%28n.%29&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fsearch%3Damir%26searchmode%3Dnone&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/kuwait-emir-qatar-gcc-170607195623973.html">„Emir of Kuwait wraps up Gulf mediation visits - Qatar News - Al Jazeera”</a>. <i>www.aljazeera.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170607210925/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/06/kuwait-emir-qatar-gcc-170607195623973.html">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 2017-06-07. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2018-12-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Emir+of+Kuwait+wraps+up+Gulf+mediation+visits+-+Qatar+News+-+Al+Jazeera&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2017%2F06%2Fkuwait-emir-qatar-gcc-170607195623973.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180115185351/http://www.malaysiandigest.com/frontpage/29-4-tile/711173-gulf-ministers-hold-key-talks-before-gcc-summit.html">„Gulf Ministers Hold Key Talks Before GCC Summit”</a>. <i>MalaysianDigest.com</i>. 5. 12. 2017. Архивирано из оригинала 2018-01-15. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2018-01-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Gulf+Ministers+Hold+Key+Talks+Before+GCC+Summit&rft.date=2017-12-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MalaysianDigest.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiandigest.com%2Ffrontpage%2F29-4-tile%2F711173-gulf-ministers-hold-key-talks-before-gcc-summit.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)CS1 одржавање: Неподобан URL (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD_URL" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Неподобан URL">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Al Qasimi, Muhammad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sheikhdrsultan.ae/Portal/en/home.aspx">„Sheikh Dr Sultan”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140410155806/https://sheikhdrsultan.ae/Portal/en/home.aspx">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 2014-04-10. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2020-09-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft.aulast=Al+Qasimi&rft.btitle=Sheikh+Dr+Sultan&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsheikhdrsultan.ae%2FPortal%2Fen%2Fhome.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sheikh_to_Chic-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sheikh_to_Chic_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Amos, Deborah (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H-cDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28">„Sheikh to Chic”</a> (на језику: енглески). Mother Jones. стр. 28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803105920/https://books.google.com/books?id=H-cDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA28">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 3. 8. 2020. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">12. 7. 2016</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Sheikh+to+Chic&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.aulast=Amos&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH-cDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA28&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-web.archive.org-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-web.archive.org_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807041830/https://americanbedu.com/2010/03/23/saudi-arabia-hrh-or-hh/">„Saudi Arabia: HRH or HH? - American Bedu”</a>. 7. 8. 2016. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://americanbedu.com/2010/03/23/saudi-arabia-hrh-or-hh/">оригинала</a> 7. 8. 2016. г.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+HRH+or+HH%3F+-+American+Bedu&rft.date=2016-08-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famericanbedu.com%2F2010%2F03%2F23%2Fsaudi-arabia-hrh-or-hh%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Family_Tree_datarabia-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Family_Tree_datarabia_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.datarabia.com/royals/familytree.do">„Family Tree”</a>. <i>www.datarabia.com</i> (на језику: енглески). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108031559/http://www.datarabia.com/royals/familytree.do">Архивирано</a> из оригинала 8. 11. 2017. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">7. 12. 2016</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Family+Tree&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.datarabia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.datarabia.com%2Froyals%2Ffamilytree.do&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Vidani, Peter (19. 11. 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umaribnalkhattab.tumblr.com/post/36103920199/ameer-al-mumineen">„"Ameer al-Mu'mineen<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>”</a>. <i>Umar ibn Al-Khattab (radiAllahu anhu)</i> (на језику: енглески)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">2021-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=%22Ameer+al-Mu%27mineen%22&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.aulast=Vidani&rft.date=2012-11-19&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Umar+ibn+Al-Khattab+%28radiAllahu+anhu%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fumaribnalkhattab.tumblr.com%2Fpost%2F36103920199%2Fameer-al-mumineen&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iccuk.org/media/khutbas/Life%20of%20%27Umar%20Ibn%20al-Khattab.pdf">„Life of Umar Ibn Al-Khattab”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111011214714/http://iccuk.org/media/khutbas/Life%20of%20%27Umar%20Ibn%20al-Khattab.pdf">Архивирано</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> из оригинала 2011-10-11. г.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.btitle=Life+of+Umar+Ibn+Al-Khattab&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ficcuk.org%2Fmedia%2Fkhutbas%2FLife%2520of%2520%2527Umar%2520Ibn%2520al-Khattab.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Howell, Georgina (15. 1. 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/queenofdesertext0000howe"><i>Queen of The Desert: The Extraordinary Life of Gertrude Bell</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9781447286264" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9781447286264">9781447286264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Georgina&rft.aulast=Howell&rft.btitle=Queen+of+The+Desert%3A+The+Extraordinary+Life+of+Gertrude+Bell&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781447286264&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fqueenofdesertext0000howe&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Batatu, Hanna (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldsocialclasses0000hann"><i>The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq: A Study of Iraq's Old Landed and Commercial Classes and of its Communists, Ba'thists and Free Officers</i></a>. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rft.aulast=Batatu&rft.btitle=The+Old+Social+Classes+and+the+Revolutionary+Movements+of+Iraq%3A+A+Study+of+Iraq%27s+Old+Landed+and+Commercial+Classes+and+of+its+Communists%2C+Ba%27thists+and+Free+Officers&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foldsocialclasses0000hann&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151217195915/http://www.tebyan.net/newindex.aspx?pid=934&articleID=705298">„آموزش و آشنایی با درجات نظامی ایران”</a>. <i>Tebyan</i> (на језику: персијски). Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tebyan.net/newindex.aspx?pid=934&articleID=705298">оригинала</a> 17. 12. 2015. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">31. 12. 2015</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4+%D9%88+%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C+%D8%A8%D8%A7+%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C+%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tebyan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tebyan.net%2Fnewindex.aspx%3Fpid%3D934%26articleID%3D705298&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Литература”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Литература"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Arnold, T. W. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7CP7fYghBFQC&pg=PA881">„Khalīfa”</a>. Ур.: Houtsma, M. Th. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia of Islam">E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936</a></i>. <b>IV</b>. Leiden: BRILL. стр. 881—885. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-90-04-09790-2" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-90-04-09790-2">978-90-04-09790-2</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">23. 7. 2010</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Khal%C4%ABfa&rft.aufirst=T.+W.&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.btitle=E.J.+Brill%27s+First+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+1913%E2%80%931936&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09790-2&rft.pages=881-885&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=BRILL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7CP7fYghBFQC%26pg%3DPA881&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCroneHinds1986" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Crone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patricia Crone (страница не постоји)">Crone, Patricia</a>; Hinds, Martin (1986), <i>God's Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam</i>, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-521-32185-3" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-521-32185-3">978-0-521-32185-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.au=Hinds%2C+Martin&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.aulast=Crone&rft.btitle=God%27s+Caliph%3A+Religious+Authority+in+the+First+Centuries+of+Islam&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-32185-3&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+England&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDonner1981" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fred_Donner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fred Donner (страница не постоји)">Donner, Fred McGraw</a> (1981), <i>The Early Islamic Conquests</i>, Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-691-05327-1" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-691-05327-1">978-0-691-05327-1</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle_System" class="extiw" title="en:Handle System">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fheb.00877">2027/heb.00877</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Fred+McGraw&rft.aulast=Donner&rft.btitle=The+Early+Islamic+Conquests&rft.date=1981&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-691-05327-1&rft.place=Princeton%2C+N.J&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fheb.00877&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2AtvBAAAQBAJ"><i>Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9781610691789" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9781610691789">9781610691789</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.au=Walker%2C+Adam+Hani&rft.aufirst=Coeli&rft.aulast=Fitzpatrick&rft.btitle=Muhammad+in+History%2C+Thought%2C+and+Culture%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+the+Prophet+of+God&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781610691789&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2AtvBAAAQBAJ&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGoeje1911" class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Jan_de_Goeje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Jan de Goeje (страница не постоји)">Goeje, Michael Jan de</a> (1911). „<a href="https://sr.wikisource.org/wiki/en:1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Caliphate" class="extiw" title="s:en:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Caliphate">Caliphate</a>”. Ур.: Chisholm, Hugh. <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(11._%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5)" class="mw-redirect" title="Енциклопедија Британика (11. издање)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (на језику: енглески). <b>5</b> (11 изд.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Caliphate&rft.aufirst=Michael+Jan+de&rft.aulast=Goeje&rft.btitle=-%7BEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%7D-&rft.date=1911&rft.edition=11&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Weeramantry, Judge Christopher G. (1997). <i>Justice Without Frontiers: Furthering Human Rights</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brill_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brill Publishers (страница не постоји)">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/90-411-0241-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/90-411-0241-8">90-411-0241-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Judge+Christopher+G.&rft.aulast=Weeramantry&rft.btitle=Justice+Without+Frontiers%3A+Furthering+Human+Rights&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=90-411-0241-8&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWright2007" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrence_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrence Wright (страница не постоји)">Wright, Lawrence</a> (2007) [2006], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/loomingtower00lawr"><i>The Looming Tower: Al Qaeda and the Road to 9/11</i></a>, London: Vintage, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-1-4000-3084-2" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-1-4000-3084-2">978-1-4000-3084-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.btitle=The+Looming+Tower%3A+Al+Qaeda+and+the+Road+to+9%2F11&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4000-3084-2&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Vintage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Floomingtower00lawr&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_M._Holt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter M. Holt (страница не постоји)">Holt, Peter M.</a> (1984). „Some Observations on the 'Abbāsid Caliphate of Cairo”. <i>Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</i>. <b>47</b> (3): 501—507. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161092185">161092185</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0041977x00113710">10.1017/s0041977x00113710</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Some+Observations+on+the+%27Abb%C4%81sid+Caliphate+of+Cairo&rft.aufirst=Peter+M.&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.date=1984&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+School+of+Oriental+and+African+Studies&rft.pages=501-507&rft.volume=47&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161092185&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0041977x00113710&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Özoğlu, Hakan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cAhcJj-ij28C&pg=PA6"><i>From Caliphate to Secular State: Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic</i></a> (на језику: енглески). ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9780313379567" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9780313379567">9780313379567</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Hakan&rft.aulast=%C3%96zo%C4%9Flu&rft.btitle=From+Caliphate+to+Secular+State%3A+Power+Struggle+in+the+Early+Turkish+Republic&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780313379567&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcAhcJj-ij28C%26pg%3DPA6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="GWWotS2017" class="citation book">Wood, Graeme (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bPoOCwAAQBAJ&q=The+Way+of+the+Strangers+by+wood"><i>The Way of the Strangers : Encounters with the Islamic State</i></a>. New York: Random House. стр. 128—9. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-8129-8875-8" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-8129-8875-8">978-0-8129-8875-8</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">22. 3. 2022</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.btitle=The+Way+of+the+Strangers+%3A+Encounters+with+the+Islamic+State&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8129-8875-8&rft.pages=128-9&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbPoOCwAAQBAJ%26q%3DThe%2BWay%2Bof%2Bthe%2BStrangers%2Bby%2Bwood&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070629130758/http://www.studyislam.com/isp/jsp/IslamBasic/Islamic_State.html">The theory of government in Islam</a>, by The Internet Islamic University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YnDEQSxryykC&pg=PA1">The History of Al-Khilafah Ar-Rashidah (The Rightly Guided Caliphates)</a> School Textbook, By Dr. '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_al-Ahsan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah al-Ahsan (страница не постоји)">Abdullah al-Ahsan</a>, `Abdullah Ahsan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oALIyvjV0fEC&pg=PA1">The Crisis of the Early Caliphate</a> By Richard Stephen Humphreys, Stephen (EDT) Humphreys from The History of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (страница не постоји)">al-Tabari</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4J3PJZDYBMoC&pg=PA1">The Reunification of the Abbasid Caliphate</a> By Clifford Edmund (TRN) Bosworth, from The History of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (страница не постоји)">al-Tabari</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GcKhwo8SmlMC&pg=PR25">Return of the Caliphate to Baghdad</a> By Franz Rosenthal from The History of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (страница не постоји)">al-Tabari</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s04pus5jBNwC&pg=RA1-PA2">Pan-Islamism: Indian Muslims, the Ottomans and Britain (1877–1924)</a> By Azmi Özcan</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=riIDwZ3K85AC&pg=RA1-PR23">Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate from Contemporary Arabic and Persian Sources</a> By Guy Le Strange</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m-Wvg__iHPAC&pg=PA1">The Fall of the Caliphate of Cordoba: Berbers and Andalusis in conflict</a> By Peter C. Scales</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/khilafat-and-caliphate.pdf">Khilafat and Caliphate</a>, By Mubasher Ahmad</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11829711">The abolition of the Caliphate</a>, From The Economist 8 March 1924</li> <li><i>The Clash of the Caliphates: Understanding the real war of ideas</i>, by Tony Corn, Small Wars Journal, March 2011</li> <li>Hüseyin Yılmaz. <i>Caliphate Redefined: The Mystical Turn in Ottoman Political Thought</i>. Princeton University Press, 2018. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-1-4008-8804-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-1-4008-8804-7">978-1-4008-8804-7</a>.</li> <li><cite id="Cole" class="citation journal">Cole, Juan R. I. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-middle-east-studies_1987-04_19_2/page/177">„Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shiism in Eastern Arabia, 1300–1800”</a>. <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</i>. <b>19</b> (2): 177—203. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/163353">163353</a>. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162702326">162702326</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0020743800031834">10.1017/s0020743800031834</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Rival+Empires+of+Trade+and+Imami+Shiism+in+Eastern+Arabia%2C+1300%E2%80%931800&rft.aufirst=Juan+R.+I.&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Middle+East+Studies&rft.pages=177-203&rft.volume=19&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F163353&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162702326&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_international-journal-of-middle-east-studies_1987-04_19_2%2Fpage%2F177&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0020743800031834&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEB1911" class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hungerford_Holdich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Hungerford Holdich (страница не постоји)">Holdich, Thomas Hungerford</a> (1911), „<a href="https://sr.wikisource.org/wiki/en:1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bahrein_Islands" class="extiw" title="s:en:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bahrein Islands">Bahrein Islands</a>”, Ур.: Chisholm, Hugh, <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_(11._%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5)" class="mw-redirect" title="Енциклопедија Британика (11. издање)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (на језику: енглески), <b>3</b> (11 изд.), Cambridge University Press, стр. 212</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Bahrein+Islands&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Hungerford&rft.aulast=Holdich&rft.btitle=-%7BEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%7D-&rft.date=1911&rft.edition=11&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=212&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Larsen, Curtis (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifelanduseon00curt"><i>Life and Land Use on the Bahrain Islands: The Geoarcheology of an Ancient Society</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-226-46906-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-226-46906-5">978-0-226-46906-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.btitle=Life+and+Land+Use+on+the+Bahrain+Islands%3A+The+Geoarcheology+of+an+Ancient+Society&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-226-46906-5&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifelanduseon00curt&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P4g6iRcZIKIC"><i>Security and Territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A Maritime Political Geography</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-7007-1098-0" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-7007-1098-0">978-0-7007-1098-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Pirouz&rft.aulast=Mojtahed-Zadeh&rft.btitle=Security+and+Territoriality+in+the+Persian+Gulf%3A+A+Maritime+Political+Geography&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1098-0&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP4g6iRcZIKIC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Cole Bunzel (март 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/The-ideology-of-the-Islamic-State.pdf">„From Paper State to Caliphate: The Ideology of the Islamic State”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World</i>. Washington, D.C.: Center for Middle East Policy, Brookings Institution (Analysis Paper No. 19).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=From+Paper+State+to+Caliphate%3A+The+Ideology+of+the+Islamic+State&rft.au=Cole+Bunzel&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=Analysis+Paper+No.+19&rft.jtitle=The+Brookings+Project+on+U.S.+Relations+with+the+Islamic+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F06%2FThe-ideology-of-the-Islamic-State.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Thomas Joscelyn; Bill Roggio (2015-07-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2015/07/the-talibans-new-leadership-is-allied-with-al-qaeda.php">„The Taliban's new leadership is allied with al Qaeda”</a>. <i>FDD's Long War Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=The+Taliban%27s+new+leadership+is+allied+with+al+Qaeda&rft.au=Bill+Roggio&rft.au=Thomas+Joscelyn&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FDD%27s+Long+War+Journal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.longwarjournal.org%2Farchives%2F2015%2F07%2Fthe-talibans-new-leadership-is-allied-with-al-qaeda.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evan_Kohlmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evan Kohlmann (страница не постоји)">Evan Kohlmann</a> (2006-10-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091013133844/http://counterterrorismblog.org/2006/10/controversy_grows_over_suppose.php">„Controversy Grows Over Supposed Unity of Iraqi Mujahideen as Al-Qaida Announces Founding of Sunni Islamic State”</a>. Counterterrorism Blog. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://counterterrorismblog.org/2006/10/controversy_grows_over_suppose.php">оригинала</a> 2009-10-13. г.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.au=Evan+Kohlmann&rft.btitle=Controversy+Grows+Over+Supposed+Unity+of+Iraqi+Mujahideen+as+Al-Qaida+Announces+Founding+of+Sunni+Islamic+State&rft.date=2006-10-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Counterterrorism+Blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcounterterrorismblog.org%2F2006%2F10%2Fcontroversy_grows_over_suppose.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nazif_Shahrani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nazif Shahrani (страница не постоји)">Nazif Shahrani</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l6cmuTfzvZEC&pg=PA35">„State Building and Social Fragmentation in Afghanistan: A Historical Perspective”</a>. Ур.: Ali Banuazizi; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myron_Weiner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myron Weiner (страница не постоји)">Myron Weiner</a>. <i>The State, Religion, and Ethnic Politics: Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan</i>. Syracuse University Press. стр. 35. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9780815624486" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9780815624486">9780815624486</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=State+Building+and+Social+Fragmentation+in+Afghanistan%3A+A+Historical+Perspective&rft.au=Nazif+Shahrani&rft.btitle=The+State%2C+Religion%2C+and+Ethnic+Politics%3A+Afghanistan%2C+Iran%2C+and+Pakistan&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=9780815624486&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl6cmuTfzvZEC%26pg%3DPA35&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Leonid Nikolaevich Sobolev (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ad9EAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA27"><i>Latest History of the Khanates of Bokhara and Kokand</i></a>. Foreign Department Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.au=Leonid+Nikolaevich+Sobolev&rft.btitle=Latest+History+of+the+Khanates+of+Bokhara+and+Kokand&rft.date=1876&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Foreign+Department+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAd9EAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA27&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Shah Muhammad Waseem (2003): <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dShuAAAAMAAJ&q=aurangzeb+caliph">هندوستان ميں فارسى تاريخ نگارى: ٧١ويں صدى كے آخرى نصف سے ٨١ويں صدى كے پهلے نصف تک فارسى تاريخ نگارى كا ارتقاء</a></i>, Kanishka Publishing, original source from the <a href="/wiki/Univerzitet_Mi%C4%8Digena" title="Univerzitet Mičigena">University of Michigan</a> <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9788173915376" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9788173915376">9788173915376</a></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Donner, Fred M. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qBzRj7OajmEC"><i>Muhammad and the Believers: At the Origins of Islam</i></a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-674-06414-0" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-674-06414-0">978-0-674-06414-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.aufirst=Fred+M.&rft.aulast=Donner&rft.btitle=Muhammad+and+the+Believers%3A+At+the+Origins+of+Islam&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-674-06414-0&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqBzRj7OajmEC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H.A.R._Gibb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H.A.R. Gibb (страница не постоји)">Gibb, H. A. R.</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/search?s.q=Am%C4%ABr+al-Mu%CA%BEmin%C4%ABn&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&search-go=Search">„Amīr al-Muʾminīn (search results)”</a>. Ур.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=H._A._R._Gibb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. A. R. Gibb (страница не постоји)">Gibb, H. A. R.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Hendrik_Kramers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Hendrik Kramers (страница не постоји)">Kramers, J. H.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89variste_L%C3%A9vi-Proven%C3%A7al&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Évariste Lévi-Provençal (страница не постоји)">Lévi-Provençal, E.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Schacht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Schacht (страница не постоји)">Schacht, J.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Lewis (страница не постоји)">Lewis, B.</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Pellat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Pellat (страница не постоји)">Pellat, Ch.</a> <i>The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B</i>. Leiden: E. J. Brill. стр. 445. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/495469456">495469456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=Am%C4%ABr+al-Mu%CA%BEmin%C4%ABn%26%2332%3B%28search+results%29&rft.aufirst=H.+A.+R.&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+New+Edition%2C+Volume+I%3A+A%E2%80%93B&rft.date=1960&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=445&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=E.+J.+Brill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fsearch%3Fs.q%3DAm%25C4%25ABr%2Bal-Mu%25CA%25BEmin%25C4%25ABn%26s.f.s2_parent%3Ds.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2%26search-go%3DSearch&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F495469456&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation journal">Pennell, Richard (2016). „What is the significance of the title 'Amīr al-mu'minīn'?”. <i>The Journal of North African Studies</i>. <b>21</b> (4): 623—644. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148543546">148543546</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13629387.2016.1157482">10.1080/13629387.2016.1157482</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&rft.atitle=What+is+the+significance+of+the+title+%27Am%C4%ABr+al-mu%27min%C4%ABn%27%3F&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Pennell&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+North+African+Studies&rft.pages=623-644&rft.volume=21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A148543546&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13629387.2016.1157482&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спољашње_везе"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.99.D0.B0.D1.88.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5"></span>Спољашње везе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уредите одељак „Спољашње везе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди извор одељка: Спољашње везе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Медији везани за чланак <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emirs" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Emirs">Емир</a> на Викимедијиној остави</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25469611">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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