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Beschikbaar in 24 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="خطر نسبي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خطر نسبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Адносіны рызык – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Адносіны рызык" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risc_relatiu" title="Risc relatiu – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Risc relatiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativ_risiko" title="Relativ risiko – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Relativ risiko" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relatives_Risiko" title="Relatives Risiko – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Relatives Risiko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%87%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σχετικός κίνδυνος – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σχετικός κίνδυνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_risk" title="Relative risk – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Relative risk" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riesgo_relativo" title="Riesgo relativo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Riesgo relativo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risque_relatif" title="Risque relatif – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Risque relatif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99" title="סיכון יחסי – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיכון יחסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relat%C3%ADv_kock%C3%A1zat" title="Relatív kockázat – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Relatív kockázat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rischio_relativo" title="Rischio relativo – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rischio relativo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%AF%BE%E5%8D%B1%E9%99%BA%E5%BA%A6" title="相対危険度 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="相対危険度" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%81%EB%8C%80%EC%9C%84%ED%97%98%EB%8F%84" title="상대위험도 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="상대위험도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santykin%C4%97_rizika" title="Santykinė rizika – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Santykinė rizika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativ_risiko" title="Relativ risiko – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Relativ risiko" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryzyko_wzgl%C4%99dne" title="Ryzyko względne – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ryzyko względne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risco_relativo" title="Risco relativo – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Risco relativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Относительный риск – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Относительный риск" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B9%8C" title="ความเสี่ยงสัมพัทธ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความเสี่ยงสัมพัทธ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6receli_risk" title="Göreceli risk – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Göreceli risk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Відносний ризик – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Відносний ризик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%B7_s%E1%BB%91_nguy_c%C6%A1" title="Tỷ số nguy cơ – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tỷ số nguy cơ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Relatief_risico" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Relatief_risico" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina's [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale 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id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Statistics_for_relative_risk" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2142611" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>Een <b>relatief risico</b> (<b>RR</b>) is de verhouding van twee absolute <a href="/wiki/Risico" title="Risico">risico</a>'s. </p><p>Een <a href="/w/index.php?title=Absoluut_risico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Absoluut risico (de pagina bestaat niet)">absoluut risico</a> is de <a href="/wiki/Verhouding_(wiskunde)" title="Verhouding (wiskunde)">verhouding</a> van het aantal keren dat iets voorvalt in een groep en het totale aantal van die groep. Zijn er <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span> rokers die aan ziekte B (zullen) lijden en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>y</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b8a6208ec717213d4317e666f1ae872e00620a0d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.155ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y}"></span> rokers die er niet aan (zullen) lijden, dan is het absolute risico voor rokers: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r_{1}={\frac {x}{x+y}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>y</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r_{1}={\frac {x}{x+y}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2def7f651f89763231816aaca4c7c3f295f218fb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:11.363ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r_{1}={\frac {x}{x+y}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Zijn er <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> niet-rokers die aan ziekte B (zullen) lijden en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle g}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>g</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle g}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d3556280e66fe2c0d0140df20935a6f057381d77" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.116ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle g}"></span> niet-rokers die er niet aan (zullen) lijden dan is het absolute risico voor niet-rokers: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle r_{2}={\frac {f}{f+g}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle r_{2}={\frac {f}{f+g}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/880b8b674d03a8539dd617b36810d31228f39f95" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:11.272ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle r_{2}={\frac {f}{f+g}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Het relatieve risico RR is dan: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {RR} ={\frac {r_{1}}{r_{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">R</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {RR} ={\frac {r_{1}}{r_{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c52fa3a9a86b5645c7322f4119fc0844a64c6bc1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:9.459ex; height:5.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {RR} ={\frac {r_{1}}{r_{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Het relatieve risico wordt bij lage <a href="/wiki/Pretestwaarschijnlijkheid_van_ziekte" title="Pretestwaarschijnlijkheid van ziekte">pretestwaarschijnlijkheid van ziekte</a> (< 10%) dikwijls als een substituut voor de <a href="/wiki/Odds_ratio" title="Odds ratio">odds ratio</a> (OR) gezien, omdat men dan van mening is dat de waarden van RR en OR niet sterk van elkaar verschillen en dat de RR gemakkelijker interpreteerbaar is dan de OR. Toch kan ook in bijzondere omstandigheden zelfs bij kleine pretestwaarschijnlijkheid van ziekte de waarde van RR en OR beduidend van elkaar verschillen. </p><p>Een nadeel van RR is dat er niet uit afgeleid kan worden of de <a href="/wiki/Posttestwaarschijnlijkheid_van_ziekte" title="Posttestwaarschijnlijkheid van ziekte">posttestwaarschijnlijkheid van ziekte</a> in een of beide groepen groot of klein is. Stel dat RR = 8 en de waarschijnlijkheid van ziekte in groep 2 gelijk is aan 12%, dan is de waarschijnlijkheid van ziekte in groep 1 gelijk aan 96%. Is evenwel RR = 8, de waarschijnlijkheid van ziekte in groep 2 = 0,01% dan is de waarschijnlijkheid van ziekte in groep 1 gelijk aan 0,08% wat uiteraard tot andere conclusies kan aanleiding geven. </p><p>Het relatieve risico wordt veel in de <a href="/wiki/Epidemiologie" title="Epidemiologie">epidemiologie</a> gebruikt om de invloed van <a href="/wiki/Omgevingsfactor" class="mw-redirect" title="Omgevingsfactor">omgevingsfactoren</a> na te gaan. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><b>Bronnen</b></div> <p>1. D.A. Grimes & K.F. Schultz (2008). Making sense of odds and odds ratios. 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