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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې اترې</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-نوم_یې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#نوم_یې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>نوم یې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-نوم_یې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-تاریخ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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aria-controls="toc-تاریخ_2-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle تاریخ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-تاریخ_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-سرچينې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سرچينې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳.۱</span> <span>سرچينې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سرچينې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">بغداد</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۲۰۷ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-207" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۲۰۷ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – اچيني" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="اچيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – اديغي" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="اديغي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – افریکانسي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریکانسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سویس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سویس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%B3%E1%8B%B5" title="ባግዳድ – امهاري" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባግዳድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="امهاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – اراگونېسي" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونېسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%93%DC%95%DC%90%DC%95_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܒܓܕܐܕ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܓܕܐܕ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="বাগদাদ – اسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বাগদাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="اسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdag" title="Bagdag – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bagdag" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багъдад – اواري" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Багъдад" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="اواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बगदाद – اوادي" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बगदाद" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="اوادي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdad" title="Bağdad – اذربایجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bağdad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="اذربایجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Бағдад – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бағдад" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – بالنی" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="بالنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdads" title="Bagdads – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bagdads" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – بمبارا" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="بمبارا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="বাগদাদ – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাগদাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F" title="པ་ག་ཏ – تبتي" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པ་ག་ཏ" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="تبتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="БагӀдад – چيچني" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="БагӀдад" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چيچني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – سیبوانوي" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="سیبوانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="بەغدا – منځنۍ کوردي" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەغدا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="منځنۍ کوردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – کورسيکاني" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="کورسيکاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdad" title="Bağdad – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Bağdad" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagd%C3%A1d" title="Bagdád – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bagdád" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Пахтат – چوواشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пахтат" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چوواشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C4%9Fdad" title="Beğdad – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Beğdad" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बगदाद – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="बगदाद" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A6%DE%A3%DE%AA%DE%8B%DE%A7%DE%8B%DE%AA" title="ބަޣުދާދު – ديویهی" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބަޣުދާދު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ديویهی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B4%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B7" title="Βαγδάτη – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βαγδάτη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdado" title="Bagdado – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bagdado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – فاروئې" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="فاروئې" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – شمالي فریسیان" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="شمالي فریسیان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – لوېديځ فريشي" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="لوېديځ فريشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ائيرلېنډي" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ائيرلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ګوراني" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ګوراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdaza" title="Bagdaza – هوسا" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Bagdaza" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="هوسا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%92%D7%93%D7%90%D7%93" title="בגדאד – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בגדאד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बग़दाद – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बग़दाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – پورته سربيايي" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="پورته سربيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – هيټي کريول" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="هيټي کريول" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%A4" title="Բաղդադ – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բաղդադ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF" title="Պաղտատ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պաղտատ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – انټرلنګوا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انټرلنګوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – آسا نا جبة" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="آسا نا جبة" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – الوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="БагӀдад – انگش" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="БагӀдад" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="انگش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – اڊو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="اڊو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%82%B0%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="バグダード – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バグダード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bagdad" title="bagdad – لوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="bagdad" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – جاوايي" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="جاوايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ბაღდადი – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბაღდადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C7%B5dad" title="Baǵdad – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Baǵdad" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C9%A3dad" title="Beɣdad – کیبیل" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Beɣdad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="کیبیل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – کابیرین" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="کابیرین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagidaad%C9%A9" title="Pagidaadɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pagidaadɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – ککوؤو" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="ککوؤو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Бағдат – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бағдат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬಾಗ್ದಾದ್ – کناډا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಾಗ್ದಾದ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کناډا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EA%B7%B8%EB%8B%A4%EB%93%9C" title="바그다드 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바그다드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8E%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بَغداد – کشمیري" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="بَغداد" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="کشمیري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bexda" title="Bexda – کردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bexda" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldak" title="Baldak – کورنيشي" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Baldak" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="کورنيشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdatum" title="Bagdatum – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bagdatum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – لاډینو" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="لاډینو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – لوګزامبورګي" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لوګزامبورګي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багъдад – لیګغیان" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Багъдад" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="لیګغیان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – لمبرگیانی" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لمبرگیانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – لومبارډ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارډ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdadas" title="Bagdadas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bagdadas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagd%C4%81de" title="Bagdāde – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bagdāde" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बगदाद – مایتھلي" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बगदाद" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="مایتھلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – موکشا" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="موکشا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ملغاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملغاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakatata" title="Pakatata – ماوري" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pakatata" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="ماوري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – مينيگاباو" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="مينيگاباو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" title="ബാഗ്ദാദ് – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബാഗ്ദാദ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – منګولیایی" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منګولیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बगदाद – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बगदाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdade" title="Bagdade – مرانديز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bagdade" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="مرانديز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%82%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%92%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဘဂ္ဂဒက်မြို့ – برمایی" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘဂ္ဂဒက်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Багдад ош – ارزيا" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Багдад ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ارزيا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – مزاندراني" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="مزاندراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – کښته آلماني" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="کښته آلماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बगदाद – نېپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बगदाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نېپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="बग्दाद – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बग्दाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1zl%C3%ADn%C3%AD_Hatsoh_(%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah)" title="Názlíní Hatsoh (Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah) – نواجو" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Názlíní Hatsoh (Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="نواجو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – نیانجا" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="نیانجا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A6" title="ବାଗଦାଦ – اوڊيا" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବାଗଦାଦ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="اوڊيا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – اوسيټک" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="اوسيټک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਬਗ਼ਦਾਦ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਗ਼ਦਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – پاپيامينتو" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="پاپيامينتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baagdad" title="Baagdad – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Baagdad" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagd%C3%A1" title="Bagdá – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bagdá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – کېچوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="کېچوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%91%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Баґдад – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Баґдад" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – سخا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="سخا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%BD%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱫᱟᱫᱽ – سنتالي" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱫᱟᱫᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="سنتالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سارڊيني" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="سارڊيني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – سکاټس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="سکاټس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – سندهي" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%A3dad" title="Bɣdad – تاکلهیټ" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Bɣdad" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="تاکلهیټ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%91%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A" title="බැග්ඩෑඩ් – سينهالي" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බැග්ඩෑඩ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سينهالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – اناري سميع" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="اناري سميع" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – شونا" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="شونا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baqdaad" title="Baqdaad – سومالي" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baqdaad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="سومالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdadi" title="Bagdadi – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bagdadi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – سواهېلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواهېلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="பகுதாது – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பகுதாது" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D" title="బాగ్దాద్ – تېليګو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బాగ్దాద్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تېليګو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Бағдод – تاجکي" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бағдод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94" title="แบกแดด – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แบกแดด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdat" title="Bagdat – ترکمني" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Bagdat" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="ترکمني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C7%A7dad" title="Baǧdad – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Baǧdad" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – توک پیسین" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="توک پیسین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat" title="Bağdat – ترکي" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bağdat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – توی" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="توی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – ادمورت" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="ادمورت" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="باغداد – اويغوري" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="باغداد" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="اويغوري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Багдад – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Багдад" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="بغداد – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بغداد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bag%CA%BBdod" title="Bagʻdod – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bagʻdod" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – والاپوک" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="والاپوک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdet" title="Bagdet – والون" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bagdet" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="والون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – وارۍ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارۍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – ولوف" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="ولوف" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达 – وو چینایی" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴格达" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چینایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ბაღდადი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბაღდადი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%90%D7%92%D7%93%D7%90%D7%93" title="באגדאד – يديش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="באגדאד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="يديش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – یوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="یوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Bagdad" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E8%BE%BE" title="巴格达 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴格达" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E9%81%94" title="巴格達 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴格達" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Baghdad" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%A0%BC%E9%81%94" title="巴格達 – کانټوني" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴格達" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانټوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1530#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="نوم-تشيالونه"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="د مخ مېنځپانگه کتل [c]" accesskey="c"><span>مخ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> په نورو پروژو کې </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" hreflang="en"><span>ويکيمېډيا کامنز</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" hreflang="ps"><span>ويکيسفر</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1530" title="د نښلېدلي اومتوک زېرمتون توکي سره تړنه [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ويکي‌ډېټا توکی</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav 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.entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox"><div style="justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap"><div class="entete map" style="background-color:#CCCCAA;color:#000000"><div>بغداد</div></div><div class="" style="background-color:#CCCCAA;width:100%;text-align:center;margin-top:-8px;color:#000000;margin-bottom:10px;flex:auto;font-size:90%"><div><span lang="ar">بغداد</span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#555;">(عربي )</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P1448" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div><div style="border:unset;padding:unset"><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:Bagdad_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bagdad_collage.jpg/260px-Bagdad_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bagdad_collage.jpg/390px-Bagdad_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Bagdad_collage.jpg/520px-Bagdad_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="826" data-file-height="1149" /></a></span></div></div><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">اړوند</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">پلازمېنه د</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لړۍ...</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82" title="عراق">عراق</a> — <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A" title="د عراق پاچاهي">د عراق پاچاهي</a><sup id="cite_ref-6dc75f4f8a7ffeb23a518d2709e6157f230030c1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6dc75f4f8a7ffeb23a518d2709e6157f230030c1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="عباسي خلافت">عباسي خلافت</a> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146713" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q146713"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Arab Federation</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146713?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3041595" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3041595"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Iraqi Republic (1958–1968)</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3041595?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3108185" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3108185"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Ba'athist Iraq</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3108185?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q273874" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q273874"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Buyid dynasty</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273874?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q191075" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q191075"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Baghdad Governorate</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191075?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1585311" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1585311"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Baghdad Vilayet</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1585311?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P1376" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">ټوليز مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">عمومي مالومات</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1549591" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1549591"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">لوی ښار</span></a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q51929311" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q51929311"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">largest city</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51929311?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q257391" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q257391"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">federal capital</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257391?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P31" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">وګړو شمېر</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لړۍ...</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> ۸٬۱۲۶٬۷۵۵<sup id="cite_ref-da967294cbbae5a7167b2b0cfcfed6cd78a126be_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-da967294cbbae5a7167b2b0cfcfed6cd78a126be-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — ۶٬۹۶۰٬۰۰۰<sup id="cite_ref-4f71788aaceb07865620ab192af96b5a4c85fcb4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4f71788aaceb07865620ab192af96b5a4c85fcb4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — ۳٬۸۴۱٬۲۶۸ — ۱٬۵۲۳٬۳۰۲ — ۴۹۰٬۴۹۶ <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P1082" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">وګړنوم</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لړۍ...</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <span lang="en">Baghdadi</span> — <span lang="eo">Bagdadano</span> — <span lang="ar">بغدادي</span> — <span lang="fr">Bagdadien</span><sup id="cite_ref-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — <span lang="fr">Bagdadienne</span><sup id="cite_ref-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — <span lang="ru">багдадец</span> — <span lang="ru">багдадка</span> — <span lang="ru">багдадцы</span> — <span lang="it">bagadesi</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P1549" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">غړی د</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1139352" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1139352"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Creative Cities Network</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139352?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-46224f05308a9b0cd96113d3d0bcae69672855cc_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46224f05308a9b0cd96113d3d0bcae69672855cc-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <small class="nowrap">(۲۰۱۵ – )</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9383972" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q9383972"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">League of Historical Cities</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9383972?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2d75e94579a5e055109fa50a55b30baf3385601d_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2d75e94579a5e055109fa50a55b30baf3385601d-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P463" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">اداري سیمه</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لړۍ...</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q191075" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q191075"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Baghdad Governorate</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191075?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small class="nowrap">(۱۹۵۸ – )</small> — <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A" title="د عراق پاچاهي">د عراق پاچاهي</a> <small class="nowrap">(۱۹۳۲ – ۱۹۵۸)</small> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146720" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q146720"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Mandatory Iraq</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146720?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small class="nowrap">(۱۹۲۰ – ۱۹۳۲)</small> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1585311" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1585311"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Baghdad Vilayet</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1585311?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small class="nowrap">(۱۸۶۴ – ۱۹۲۰)</small> — <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3828224" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3828224"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Baghdad Eyalet</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3828224?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small class="nowrap">(۱۵۳۵ – ۱۸۶۴) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P131" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></div></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">هېواد</th><td class=""><div> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82" title="عراق">عراق</a><sup id="cite_ref-d51fdf6c08ba35fc568264a13d4b9594051aaf68_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d51fdf6c08ba35fc568264a13d4b9594051aaf68-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P17" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">ځایناستی د</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="تیسفون">تیسفون</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P1365" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">اړين مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">مهمې پېښې</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لړۍ...</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18358461" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q18358461"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Siege of Baghdad</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358461?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5036981" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q5036981"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Capture of Baghdad</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5036981?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5036982" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q5036982"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Capture of Baghdad</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5036982?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%81%DB%90%D8%AF%D9%84_(1258)" title="د بغداد پرځېدل (1258)">د بغداد کلابندي )۱۲۵۸)</a> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7509844" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q7509844"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Siege of Baghdad</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7509844?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7509846" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q7509846"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Siege of Baghdad</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7509846?uselang=ps" title="ژباړل"><img alt="ژباړل" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P793" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">کچه او لوړوالی</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">د ځای کچه</th><td class=""><div> ۶۷۳ كيلومتر مربع <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P2046" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">جوړښت</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">بنسټګر</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ابوجعفر منصور">ابوجعفر عبدالله منصور</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P112" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#CCCCAA;text-align:center;color:#000000">نور مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">وېب‌پاڼه</th><td class="" style="direction:ltr;text-align:left;font-size:0.9em"><div> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amanatbaghdad.gov.iq">amanatbaghdad.gov.iq</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530?uselang=ps#P856" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, 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/></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">کورډي‌نېشن</th><td class=""><div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r316548">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline;unicode-bidi:embed}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ps&pagename=%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF&params=33.3153_N_44.3661_E_globe:earth"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="نقشي، هوايي انځورونه، او له دې دريځه نور معلومات"><span class="latitude">۳۳°۱۸′۵۵″شمال</span> <span class="longitude">۴۴°۲۱′۵۸″ختیځ</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="نقشي، هوايي انځورونه، او له دې دريځه نور 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href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF&veaction=edit&section=0">سمول</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF&action=edit&section=0">سرچینه سمول</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530" class="extiw" title="d:Q1530">ويکي‌ډېټا سمول</a></span><span style="text-align:left;float:left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="لاسوند وګورئ"><img alt="لاسوند وګورئ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/30px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/45px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg/400px-Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption>د پلازمینه بغداد</figcaption></figure> <p><b>بغداد</b> (چې په <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="انګلیسي">انګليسي</a> Baghdad /ˈbæɡdæd, bəɡˈdæd/، په عربي: بَغْدَاد[baɣˈdaːd]) د عراق پلازمېنه او په عربي نړۍ کې له قاهرې وروسته دویم تر ټولو لوی ښار دی. دا ښار د بابل لرغوني اکدی ښار کنډوالو ته او د فارس د ساسانیانو پلازمېنې تیسفون (المدائن)  ته څېرمه  د دجلې د سیند په اوږدو کې موقعیت لري. په ۷۶۲ز کال کې بغداد د عباسیانو د خلافت د پلازمېنې په توګه وټاکل شو، او د نوموړي خلافت د پام وړ لویه پراختیایي پروژه شوه. په یوه ډېره لنډه موده کې، یاد ښار د اسلامي نړۍ په یوه مهم کلتوري، سوداګریز، او علمي مرکز بدل شو. یاد ښار سربېره پر دې، د حکمت د کور (بیت الحکمه یا دارالحکمه) په ګډون یو شمېر علمي موسساتو، همدارنګه د بېلابېلو ملیتونو او بېلابېلو دینونو چاپېریال ته په ځای ورکولو سره، د زده کړې د مرکز په توګه خپل نړیوال شهرت حفظ کړی دی. </p><p>بغداد د اسلامي زرینې دورې په بهیر کې د عباسیانو د دورې په زیاتره برخه کې له یو میلیون څخه د ډېر نفوس په درلودلو سره په نړۍ کې تر ټولو لوی ښار ګڼل کېده. یاد ښار په ۱۲۵۸ز کال کې د مغلو د سترواکۍ له لوري په لویه پیمانه ویجاړ شو، او پایله یې داسې یو زوال شوه چې د پرله پسې بدمرغیو او څو یو په بل پسې سترواکیو له خوا د لاس په لاس کېدو له کبله یې د پېړیو لپاره دوام درلود. په ۱۹۳۲ز کال کې په رسمي ډول د یو خپلواک هېواد په توګه د عراق له پېژندل کېدو سره (چې له هغې مخکې د بریتانیا د بین النهرین قیمومیت و) بغداد د عرب کلتور د یو مهم مرکز په توګه په تدریجي ډول د بېلابېلو اټکلونو له مخې د ۶ یا ۷ میلیونه څخه زیات نفوس سره خپل پخوانی شهرت بیا وموند. دا ښار د خپل زیات نفوس پرتله یو کوچینی مساحت لري چې یواځې ۶۷۳ کیلومتره مربع (۲۶۰میل مربع) دی.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>دا ښار د عراق د جګړې له امله له یو شمېر بنیادي ویجاړيو سره مخ شوی دی، هغه جګړه چې په ۲۰۰۳ز کال کې د امریکا په مشرۍ پر عراق باندې له حملې سره پیل شوه او تر ۲۰۱۱ز کال پورې یې دوام درلود، او ورپسې د پاڅونونو او له سره د جګړې د بیا پیل له امله چې په ۲۰۱۷ز کال کې پای ته ورسېده او پایله یې په لویه پیمانه د کلتوري میراث او تاریخي بناوو له منځه تلل وو. د دې دورې په بهیر کې بغداد د نړۍ په کچه د تروریستي حملو تر ټولو لوړ ګرافونه درلودل. په هر ترتیب، تروریستي حملې اوس لږ شوې او په ۲۰۱۷ز کال کې په عراق کې د اسلامي دولت د جنګیالۍ ډلې له ځمکنۍ ماتې وروسته د کمېدو خوا ته د راښکته کېدو په حال کې دي.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="نوم_یې"><span id=".D9.86.D9.88.D9.85_.DB.8C.DB.90"></span>نوم یې</h2></div> <p>د بغداد نوم له اسلام نه مخکې تاریخچه لري، او رېښه یې یوه د بحث وړ موضوع ده. هغه سیمه چېرې چې د بغداد ښار وده کړې ده، د زریزو لپاره پکې استوګنه کېده. په ۸مه زېږدیزه پېړۍ کې هلته د یو فارسي کلي په ګډون چې بغداد نومېده، څو کلیو پراختیا موندلې وه؛ بغداد هغه نوم و چې بیا وروسته د عباسیانو د لوی ښار په توګه کارول کېده.<sup id="cite_ref-EI2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-books.google.nl_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.nl-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>عرب لیکوالانو د بغداد د اسلام څخه د مخه رېښو په نظر کې نیولو سره، په عمومي ډول دغه رېښې په منځنۍ فارسي ژبه (پهلوي) کې لټولې دي. دوی بېلابېلې معناګانې ورته وړاندیز کړې دي، چې له منځه یې تر ټولو مشهوره معنا "د خدای له لوري اعطا یا ورکړه" ده. معاصر پوهان هڅه کوي چې له دغې رېښې څخه ملاتړ وکړي کومه چې نوموړې کلیمه د یوې فارسي مرکبې کليمې <i>بغ</i> () یعنې "خدای" او <i>داد</i> () "اعطا یا ورکړې په توګه بولي.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EI22_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI22-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په زړه فارسي ژبه کې د یاد مرکب نوم لومړنی عنصر د <i>بوغو</i> چې په هندي ژبه کې د <i>بهګ</i> او په سلاوي ژبه کې د <i>بوګ</i> یعنې معبود یا خدای په معنا دی. په منځنۍ فارسي کې یوه بله مشابه اصطلاح <i>مېترادات</i> (چې په نوې فارسي کې <i>مهرداد</i> کېږي)، نوموړې په انګلیسي کې له خپلې مستعارې هلینسټي بڼې مېتريډېټس (Mithridates) سره چې معنا یې "د مېترا(د لمر خدای)  له خوا اعطا شوی" ده (<i>دات</i> د <i>داد</i> ډېره لرغونې بڼه ده، چې په سانسکرېت کې له <i>دات</i>، په لاتیني کې له <i>دات</i> (<i>dat</i>) او په انګلیسي کې له <i>اعطا کوونکي</i> (<i>donor</i>) کلیمو سره تړاو لري، کومې چې په نهایت کې د فارسي له مهرداد کلیمې څخه مستعارې شوې دي. په منځنۍ فارسۍ (پهلوي) کې له <i>بغ</i> سره یو شمېر نور موقعیتونه هم شته دي چې په افغانستان کې له بغلان او بګرام څخه او  پخپله په ایران (فارس ) کې له  باغشن (بغ-شن)  ،  او په ګرجستان کې له بغداتي څخه عبارت دي، کوم چې تر ډېره ایرانۍ ګډې اېتمولوژیکې رېښې لري.<sup id="cite_ref-EI23_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EI23-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Strange_pg_10_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strange_pg_10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>یو څو لیکوالانو د دغه نامه لپاره ډېرې لرغونې رېښې، په ځانګړې توګه د <i>بګدادو</i> یا <i>هدادو</i> رېښې، کومې چې په لرغونې بابلۍ ژبه کې موجودې وې (املا یې له داسې نښې سره کېده کومه چې له <i>بغ</i> او <i>هو</i> دواړو څخه استازیتوب کولی شي) وړاندیز کړې وې، او همداراز یې ورته د یو ځای انجیلي تلمودي نوم چې "بغداتا" نومېږي، وړاندیز کړی دی. ځینو پوهانو بیا یاد نامه ته د آرامي ژبې ځينې مشتقات وړاندیز کړي دي.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>کله چې عباسي خلیفه ابو جعفر عبد الله بن محمد المنصور د خپل خلافت د پلازمېنې لپاره یو په بشپړ ډول نوی ښار تاسیس کړ، یاد خلیفه د مدینة السلام یا <i>د سولې د ښار</i> نوم پرې کېښود. چې دا نوم په سکو، وزنونو او نورو رسمي تعاملاتو کې رسمي نوم و، که څه هم عامه خلکو یې پخوانی نوم کاراوه. <sup>[<i>غیر موثقه سرچینه؟]</i></sup> په۱۱مه زېږدیزه پېړۍ کې بغداد تقریبا د نړۍ په کچه د مشهور ګڼ مېشته ښار ځانګړی نوم شو.<sup id="cite_ref-ما_معنى_اسم_مدينة_بغداد_ومن_سماه_؟_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ما_معنى_اسم_مدينة_بغداد_ومن_سماه_؟-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ejabat.google.com_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ejabat.google.com-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تاریخ"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B1.DB.8C.D8.AE"></span>تاریخ</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="تاسیس"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B3.DB.8C.D8.B3"></span>تاسیس</h3></div> <p>د امويانو له سقوط څخه وروسته چې لومړنۍ اسلامي واکمنه سلسله وه، فاتح عباسي واکمنان د خپل ځان لپاره د مستقلې پلازمېنې په لټه کې شول تر څو له هغه ځایه خپله واکمني وچلوي. دوی د ساسانیانو د پلازمېنې تیسفون شمال لوري ته یوه سیمه وټاکله، او د ۷۶۲ز کال په جولای کې خلیفه المنصور پخپله د دغه ځای د ودانیزو چارو له پرمختګ څخه څارنه وکړه. نوموړی ښار د برمکیانو تر لارښوونو لاندې جوړ شو. منصور باور درلود چې بغداد د عباسیانو په مشرۍ د اسلامي سترواکۍ لپاره د پلازمېنې په توګه تر ټولو وړ او له نیمګړتیاوو پرته ځای دی. مسلمان تاریخ پوه الطبري د عیسوي راهبانو څخه یوه پخوانۍ وړاندوینه روایت کړې ده چې د میلکاس په نامه یو حاکم به یوه ورځ د بغداد چاپېره یو ننداریز ښار جوړوي. کله چې منصور د دې کیسې په اړه واورېدل، نوموړی د یاد روایت د شتون له امله ډېر خوښ شو، ځکه هغه په ماشومتوب کې ميلکاس بلل کېده. دا سیمه د منصور زښته ډېره خوښه وه لکه چې له هغه څخه نقل قول شوی دی چې وایي: "دا په حقیقت کې هغه ښار دی چې زه به یې بنسټ ږدم، هلته به زه ژوند کوم او هلته به مې اولاده له ما نه وروسته حکمراني کوي".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د یاد ښار له ودې سره د هغه غوره موقعیت د لږ تر لږه دوو عواملو پر بنا مرسته وکړه: </p> <ul><li>دې ښار د دجلې د سیند په اوږدو کې په ستراتېژیکو او سوداګريزو لارو باندې کنترول درلود</li> <li>دې ښار همداراز په یوه وچ اقلیم کې پرېمانه اوبه درلودې</li></ul> <p>د دې ښار په دواړو شمالي او سوېلي څنډو کې اوبه موجودې دي چې ټولو اوسېدونکو ته یې د یادو اوبو د پرېمانه ګټې اخیستنې زمینه برابره کړې ده، کومه چې په اوس وخت کې یوه ډېره غیر معمولي خبره ده. د بغداد ښار په ډېره چټکۍ سره دومره لوی شو چې په دریو اداري حوزو وېشل کېدو ته یې اړتیا وموندله، نوموړې حوزې له: مدینة المنصور (ګړدی ښار)، الشرقیه (الکرخ) او العسکر المهدي (په لوېدیځه غاړه پروت و) څخه عبارت وې.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>بغداد د ساسانیانو پلازمېنه تیسفون چې په سویل ختیځ کې د ۳۰ کیلو مترو (۱۹مایلو) په واټن کې پروت و، تر خپل سیوري لاندې راوست. نن ورځ ټول هغه څه چې له تیسفون څخه په میراث پاتې دي، د روضې په بڼه جوړ شوی د سلمان پاک ښارګوټی دی، چې له لوی بغداد سره نږدې سوېل ته پروت دی. تیسفون پخپله د سِلوکیانو د سترواکۍ د پلازمېنې سلوکیا ځای ناستی شوی و، کومه چې په خپل وار سره پخوا د بابل ښار ځای ناستې ټاکل شوې وه.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>د ابن بطوطه په حواله چې نوموړی یو سیلاني و، بغداد له خپلو هغو برخو پرته چې ویجاړی ور اوښتی و، یو له تر ټولو لویو ښارونو څخه ګڼل کېده. اوسېدونکي یې زیاتره حنبلیان دي. همدارنګه د امام ابو حنیفه قبر په بغداد کې واقع دی چې په سر یې یوه حجره او یو مسجد ودان شوي دي. د بغداد سلطان ابو سید بهادر خان هغه تاتار ټولواک و چې اسلام یې ومانه.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWiet197113_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiet197113-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWiet197112_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiet197112-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="تاریخ_2"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.A7.D8.B1.DB.8C.D8.AE_2"></span>تاریخ</h1></div> <p><b>بغداد</b> ( په فارسی ژبه د خدای سوغات معنی لری) <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A" title="د ساسانيانو واکمني">د ساسانیانو پاچایی</a> په وخت کی یو کوچنۍ کلی وو. په ۶۵۰ کال کی د عرب اردو ساسانی حکمران ماته وکړه. په ۷۶۲ کال کی د عباس خلیفه المنصور د دجله د سیند نژدی خپل مقر تاسیس کړ. خلیفه المنصور دغه ښارته د مدینة السلام نوم ورکړ. په دی وخت کی بغداد د عباسی دولت مهم مرکز وو. دغه ښار په ۹۴۶ کال کی د فارسی پوځ لخوا نیول شو. په ۱۲۵۸ کال کی د چینگزخان پوځ پر عراق برید وکړ او بغداد یی ونیول. په ۱۴۰۱ کال کی د بغداد ښار د تیمور لېنگ لاس ته درغله. په ۱۶۲۳ کال کی فارسی پوځ بغداد ونیول او پنځه کالونه وروسته دغه ښار د عثمان امپراطوری لاس ته درغله. د نړی تر جگړه وروسته په ۱۹۲۱ کال کی بغداد د عراق د پاچایی پایتخت شو. په اوس وخت کی بغداد د عراق د جمهوریت پایتخت دی. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سرچينې"><span id=".D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.D9.8A.D9.86.DB.90"></span>سرچينې</h2></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6dc75f4f8a7ffeb23a518d2709e6157f230030c1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6dc75f4f8a7ffeb23a518d2709e6157f230030c1_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Volume 4, 1926</i> (in روسي).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Great+Soviet+Encyclopedia.+Volume+4%2C+1926&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Cite_journal" title="کينډۍ:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="لارښود:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-da967294cbbae5a7167b2b0cfcfed6cd78a126be-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-da967294cbbae5a7167b2b0cfcfed6cd78a126be_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">سرچينې تړی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://cosit.gov.iq/documents/population/projection/projection2015-2018.pdf">https://cosit.gov.iq/documents/population/projection/projection2015-2018.pdf</a></i>. Retrieved: ۱۸ نومبر ۲۰۲۳.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4f71788aaceb07865620ab192af96b5a4c85fcb4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4f71788aaceb07865620ab192af96b5a4c85fcb4_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">سرچينې تړی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188_4-0">۴٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-f2e6563645b8b0cd63f14d11cf9a65125daa1188_4-1">۴٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">سرچينې تړی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://cnig.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/CNT-PVM_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_2020-01-27-1.pdf">http://cnig.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/CNT-PVM_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9_2020-01-27-1.pdf</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46224f05308a9b0cd96113d3d0bcae69672855cc-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46224f05308a9b0cd96113d3d0bcae69672855cc_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">سرچينې تړی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/baghdad">https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/baghdad</a></i>. Retrieved: ۹ جون ۲۰۲۱.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2d75e94579a5e055109fa50a55b30baf3385601d-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2d75e94579a5e055109fa50a55b30baf3385601d_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">سرچينې تړی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.lhc-s.org/member_cities/index.php">https://www.lhc-s.org/member_cities/index.php</a></i>. Retrieved: ۲۸ مې ۲۰۲۴. Archive URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528114922/https://www.lhc-s.org/member_cities/">https://web.archive.org/web/20240528114922/https://www.lhc-s.org/member_cities/</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d51fdf6c08ba35fc568264a13d4b9594051aaf68-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-d51fdf6c08ba35fc568264a13d4b9594051aaf68_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ArchINFORM location ID: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archinform.net/ort/841.htm">841</a></i>. ذکر کېدنه: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q265049" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q265049"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">آرک انفارم</span></a>. Retrieved: ۶ اگسټ ۲۰۱۸. اثر ژبه: جرمني ژبه.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm">"Largest Cities Through History"</a>. Geography.about.com. 6 April 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050527095609/http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa011201a.htm">خوندي شوی</a> له اصلي څخه په 27 May 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Largest+Cities+Through+History&rft.pub=Geography.about.com&rft.date=2011-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgeography.about.com%2Flibrary%2Fweekly%2Faa011201a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2021/01/21/959115619/twin-suicide-bombings-in-baghdad-market-kill-and-wound-dozens">"Twin Suicide Bombings In Baghdad Market Kill At Least 32, Wound Over 100"</a>. <i>NPR.org</i> (in انګليسي). National Public Radio<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">2021-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=Twin+Suicide+Bombings+In+Baghdad+Market+Kill+At+Least+32%2C+Wound+Over+100&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2021%2F01%2F21%2F959115619%2Ftwin-suicide-bombings-in-baghdad-market-kill-and-wound-dozens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EI2_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Duri, A.A. (2012). "Bag̲h̲dād". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (2nd).  Ed. P. Bearman. Brill. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.au=Duri%2C+A.A.&rft.contributor=P.+Bearman&rft.title=Bag%CC%B2h%CC%B2d%C4%81d&rft.source=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.publisher=Brill&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0084"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Baghdad">"Baghdad, Foundation and early growth"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151009070155/https://www.britannica.com/place/Baghdad">خوندي شوی</a> له اصلي څخه په 9 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>. <q>[...] the site located between present-day Al-Kāẓimiyyah and Al-Karkh and occupied by a Persian village called Baghdad, was selected by al-Manṣūr, the second caliph of the Abbāsid dynasty, for his capital.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Baghdad%2C+Foundation+and+early+growth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBaghdad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Le Strange, G. (n.d.). [...] The Persian hamlet of Baghdad, on the Western bank of the Tigris, and just above where Sarat canal flowed in, was ultimately fixed upon [...]. In Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate (p. 9).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.nl-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.nl_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p5U3AAAAIAAJ&q=baghdad+aramaic+christian+villages&pg=PA564"><i>E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936</i></a>. 1987. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-9004082656" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-9004082656"><bdi>978-9004082656</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204231802/https://books.google.com/books?id=p5U3AAAAIAAJ&q=baghdad+aramaic+christian+villages&pg=PA564">خوندي شوی</a> له اصلي څخه په 4 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">4 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=E.J.+Brill%27s+First+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+1913-1936&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-9004082656&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp5U3AAAAIAAJ%26q%3Dbaghdad%2Baramaic%2Bchristian%2Bvillages%26pg%3DPA564&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mackenzie, D. (1971). A concise Pahlavi Dictionary (p. 23, 16).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baghdad-iranian-connection-1-pr-Mongol">"BAGHDAD i. Before the Mongol Invasion – Encyclopædia Iranica"</a>. Iranicaonline.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171117020537/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baghdad-iranian-connection-1-pr-Mongol">خوندي شوی</a> له اصلي څخه په 17 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BAGHDAD+i.+Before+the+Mongol+Invasion+%E2%80%93+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica&rft.pub=Iranicaonline.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fbaghdad-iranian-connection-1-pr-Mongol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI22-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EI22_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Duri, A.A. (2012). "Bag̲h̲dād". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (2nd).  Ed. P. Bearman. Brill. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.au=Duri%2C+A.A.&rft.contributor=P.+Bearman&rft.title=Bag%CC%B2h%CC%B2d%C4%81d&rft.source=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.publisher=Brill&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0084"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EI23-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EI23_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Duri, A.A. (2012). "Bag̲h̲dād". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (2nd).  Ed. P. Bearman. Brill. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084">10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.au=Duri%2C+A.A.&rft.contributor=P.+Bearman&rft.title=Bag%CC%B2h%CC%B2d%C4%81d&rft.source=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.edition=2nd&rft.publisher=Brill&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info:doi/10.1163%2F1573-3912_islam_COM_0084"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strange_pg_10-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Strange_pg_10_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Guy Le Strange, "Baghdad During the Abbasid Caliphate from Contemporary Arabic and Persian", pg 10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.georgianjournal.ge/image-page.html?view=item&id=300">"Persimmons surviving winter in Bagdati, Georgia"</a>. Georgian Journal. 22 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923104427/http://www.georgianjournal.ge/image-page.html?view=item&id=300">خوندي شوی</a> له اصلي څخه په 23 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Persimmons+surviving+winter+in+Bagdati%2C+Georgia&rft.date=2016-02-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.georgianjournal.ge%2Fimage-page.html%3Fview%3Ditem%26id%3D300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923113613/http://www.visitkutaisi.com/en/discover-imereti/districts/9-baghdati">"Kutaisi"</a>. خوندي شوی له <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitkutaisi.com/en/discover-imereti/districts/9-baghdati">the original</a> on 23 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kutaisi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitkutaisi.com%2Fen%2Fdiscover-imereti%2Fdistricts%2F9-baghdati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Joneidi, F. (2007). متن‌های پهلوی. In Pahlavi Script and Language (Arsacid and Sassanid) نامه پهلوانی: آموزش خط و زبان پهلوی اشکانی و ساسانی (second ed., p. 109). Tehran: Balkh (نشر بلخ).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John B. Friedman, Kristen M. Figg <i>Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages</i>, (Taylor & Francis, 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brinkmann J. A. <i>A political history of post-Kassite Babylonia, 1158-722 B.C.</i> (Gregorian Biblical BookShop, 1968)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ما_معنى_اسم_مدينة_بغداد_ومن_سماه_؟-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ما_معنى_اسم_مدينة_بغداد_ومن_سماه_؟_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120713093613/http://seenjeem.maktoob.com/question?category_id=4&level=L2&question_id=9510">"ما معنى اسم مدينة بغداد ومن سماه ؟"</a>. Seenjeem.maktoob.com. خوندي شوی له <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seenjeem.maktoob.com/question?category_id=4&level=L2&question_id=9510">the original</a> on 13 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D8%A7+%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%89+%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85+%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9+%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87+%D8%9F&rft.pub=Seenjeem.maktoob.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fseenjeem.maktoob.com%2Fquestion%3Fcategory_id%3D4%26level%3DL2%26question_id%3D9510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ejabat.google.com-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ejabat.google.com_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131229160415/http://ejabat.google.com/ejabat/thread?tid=6981074380f32f74">"ما معنى (بغداد)؟ العراق العالم العربي الجغرافيا"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Questions_and_Answers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Questions and Answers (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Google Ejabat</a></i> (in عربي). خوندي شوی له <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ejabat.google.com/ejabat/thread?tid=6981074380f32f74">the original</a> on 29 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. بياځلي په <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Ejabat&rft.atitle=%D9%85%D8%A7+%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%89+%28%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%29%D8%9F+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fejabat.google.com%2Fejabat%2Fthread%3Ftid%3D6981074380f32f74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFCorzine2005" class="citation book cs1">Corzine, Phyllis (2005). <i>The Islamic Empire</i>. Thomson Gale. pp. 68–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+Empire&rft.pages=68-69&rft.pub=Thomson+Gale&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Corzine&rft.aufirst=Phyllis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Times History of the World</i>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Times_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Times Books (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Times Books</a>. 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Times+History+of+the+World&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Times+Books&rft.date=2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBobrick2012">Bobrick 2012</a>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFWiet1971" class="citation book cs1">Wiet, Gastron (1971). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/baghdadmetropoli00wiet"><i>Baghdad: Metropolis of the Abbasid Caliphate</i></a></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Oklahoma_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Oklahoma Press (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">University of Oklahoma Press</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9780806109220" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/9780806109220"><bdi>9780806109220</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baghdad%3A+Metropolis+of+the+Abbasid+Caliphate&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=9780806109220&rft.aulast=Wiet&rft.aufirst=Gastron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbaghdadmetropoli00wiet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFTillier2009" class="citation book cs1">Tillier, Mathieu (2009). <i>Les cadis d'Iraq et l'État Abbasside (132/750-334/945)</i>. Presses de l'Ifpo. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fbooks.ifpo.673">10.4000/books.ifpo.673</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-2-35159-028-7" title="ځانگړی:د کتاب سرچينې/978-2-35159-028-7"><bdi>978-2-35159-028-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+cadis+d%27Iraq+et+l%27%C3%89tat+Abbasside+%28132%2F750-334%2F945%29&rft.pub=Presses+de+l%27Ifpo&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbooks.ifpo.673&rft.isbn=978-2-35159-028-7&rft.aulast=Tillier&rft.aufirst=Mathieu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Battuta, pg. 75<a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Full_citation_needed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کينډۍ:Full citation needed (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کينډۍ:Full citation needed</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFCorzine2005" class="citation book cs1">Corzine, Phyllis (2005). <i>The Islamic Empire</i>. Thomson Gale. p. 69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Islamic+Empire&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Thomson+Gale&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Corzine&rft.aufirst=Phyllis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%A8%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiet197113-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWiet197113_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWiet1971">Wiet 1971</a>، م. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWiet197112-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWiet197112_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWiet1971">Wiet 1971</a>، م. 12.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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