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<div class="layout-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-ucstheme-page-title" class="block block-core block-page-title-block hero-default"> <div class="breadcrumb"> <a href="/resources">Reports & Multimedia</a> / <a href="/resources/explainers">Explainer</a> </div> <h1 class="page-title"><span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is Hair-Trigger Alert?</span> </h1> <p class="page-subtitle">Hundreds of US nuclear warheads are kept ready to launch within minutes—making us less safe, not safer. </p> <p class="dates"> <span class="date-published">Published Oct 3, 2014</span> </p> </div> <div class="wrapper-lg"> <figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-responsive-hero"> <img src="https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2022-07/1500-900-nuclear-launch-panel.jpg?itok=tQzIQ1cA" width="500" height="300" alt="Nuclear launch control console." title="" srcset="https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2022-07/1500-900-nuclear-launch-panel.jpg?itok=hFERCvOF 1500w, https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/2022-07/1500-900-nuclear-launch-panel.jpg?itok=bteOUDT9 1000w, https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2022-07/1500-900-nuclear-launch-panel.jpg?itok=tQzIQ1cA 500w" class="image-style-original" /> <figcaption> <div class="field field--name-field-image-credit field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Katie Lange/Department of Defense</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-full"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="column-general"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-toc-js block-toc-js-block">  </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-section"> <div class="main-region"> </div> </div> <div class="column-general"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknoderesourcefield-intro-paragraph"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-intro-paragraph field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>“Hair-trigger alert” is a US military policy that enables the rapid launch of nuclear weapons. Missiles on hair-trigger alert are maintained in a ready-for-launch status, staffed by around-the-clock launch crews, and can be airborne in as few as ten minutes.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-section"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknoderesourcefield-sections"> <div class="field field--name-field-sections field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/reducing-risk-nuclear-war" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Report</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2015/04/nuclear-weapons-launch-panel.jpg?itok=M3qiDpbp" width="500" height="300" class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/resources/reducing-risk-nuclear-war"> Reducing the Risk of Nuclear War </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Hair-trigger alert raises the risk of an accidental, mistaken, or unauthorized nuclear launch.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The hair-trigger policy has its roots in the Cold War. Military strategists feared a “bolt from the blue” Soviet first strike, involving hundreds or thousands of nuclear weapons that would compromise our ability to retaliate. By keeping land-based missiles on hair-trigger alert—and nuclear-armed bombers ready to take off—the United States could launch vulnerable weapons before they were hit by incoming Soviet warheads. This helped ensure retaliation, and was seen as a deterrent to a Soviet first strike—a concept known as “mutually-assured destruction,” or <a href="https://www.ucsusa.org/about/1977-scientists-declaration.html">MAD</a>.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Submarines, which can’t be targeted when at sea, also kept weapons on hair-trigger alert. The decision to launch any nuclear weapon was based on information from radars and satellites, and remains so today.</p> <p>The United States no longer keeps its bombers armed and ready to take off. But even though a Russian first-strike is not a credible risk, the United States still keeps its 450 silo-based nuclear weapons, and hundreds of submarine-based weapons, on hair-trigger alert. Thousands more—around 3,500 total—are deployed on other submarines or bombers, or kept in reserve.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--media-section paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/original/public/images/2014/10/nuclear-missile-caution-sign.jpg?itok=9gyB2Y_3" width="1200" height="540" alt="Decommissioned Titan II missile is shown in an Arizona silo." class="image-style-original" /> </div> <figcaption> <div class="field field--name-field-caption field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Hundreds of nuclear weapons are still actively deployed in subterranean missile silos. Here, a decommissioned Titan II missile is shown in an Arizona silo.</div> <div class="field field--name-field-image-credit field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Sam Howzit</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Why is hair-trigger alert dangerous?</h2> <p>Hair-trigger alert increases the risk of an accidental nuclear missile launch, or a deliberate launch in response to a false warning. The results of such a launch would be catastrophic: modern weapons are many times more powerful than the bombs that destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki, capable of killing millions of people with a single warhead.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/i-wish-i-didnt-know" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Feature</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/nuclear-weapons-m-wish-did-not-know-that.jpg?itok=jheJ01AE" width="500" height="300" alt="Interactive feature on nuclear close calls" class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/resources/i-wish-i-didnt-know"> I Wish I Didn't Know That </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Real-life tales of close calls, screw ups, and nuclear near misses.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The risks of hair-trigger alert aren’t theoretical. A training tape was once misinterpreted as reality, initiating the steps needed to launch an attack. A defective computer chip once falsely reported an incoming attack at a time of extremely high tensions. And radar and satellite systems have both delivered false positives, giving decision makers limited time to sort out the truth.</p> <p>Removing US land-based missiles from hair-trigger alert would immediately reduce these risks. It would also encourage reciprocity from Russia, increasing our safety further. And because the United States deploys missiles on submarines—which are invulnerable to attack—we would maintain a nuclear deterrent against any first strike.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-section paragraph--view-mode--default clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-callout field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--node-callout paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-related-content field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article class="node node--type-resource node--view-mode-teaser"> <a href="/resources/method-taking-nuclear-missiles-hair-trigger-alert" class="img-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-resource-type field--type-list-string field--label-hidden field__item">Report</div> <div class="field field--name-field-thumbnail-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><figure class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-standard-medium"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/2022-07/1500-900-nuclear-launch-panel.jpg?itok=tQzIQ1cA" width="500" height="300" alt="Nuclear launch control console." class="image-style-thumbnail" /> </div> <figcaption> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> <h3 > <a href="/resources/method-taking-nuclear-missiles-hair-trigger-alert"> A Method for Taking Nuclear Missiles Off Hair-Trigger Alert </a> </h3> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Removing land-based missiles from hair-trigger alert can be done quickly, simply, and safely.</div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>How can we end hair-trigger alert?</h2> <p>All US missile silos have a safety switch that is used to prevent a launch of the missile when, for example, maintenance crews are in the silo. The United States could remove its land-based missiles from hair trigger alert by turning this switch to the safe position in each silo.</p> <p>As Commander-in-Chief, President Trump could show real leadership and independently end hair-trigger alert—an act that both Barack Obama and George W. Bush campaigned on, but failed to do once in office.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column-general"> <div class="main-region"> </div> </div> <div class="column-section"> <div class="main-region"> </div> </div> <div class="column-general"> <div class="main-region"> <div class="block block-block-content block-block-contentc0474785-83e6-4109-b7f0-7a7ccd2c98f5 ucs-shares"> <h2>Share</h2> <a href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-hair-trigger-alert&via=ucsusa&text=What%20is%20Hair-Trigger%20Alert%3F" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <svg class="ucs-icon" viewBox="0 0 50 50"><use class="ucs-icon-use" href="#ucs-icon-twitter" x="0" y="0"></use></svg> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/what-hair-trigger-alert" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <svg class="ucs-icon" viewBox="0 0 50 50"><use class="ucs-icon-use" href="#ucs-icon-facebook" x="0" 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