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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Advantages_of_tubeless_tires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advantages_of_tubeless_tires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Advantages of tubeless tires</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advantages_of_tubeless_tires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tire_sealants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tire_sealants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tire sealants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tire_sealants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bicycle_tires" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bicycle_tires"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bicycle tires</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bicycle_tires-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bicycle tires subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bicycle_tires-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mountain_and_gravel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountain_and_gravel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mountain and gravel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountain_and_gravel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tubeless tire</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="إطار هوائي لاأنبوبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إطار هوائي لاأنبوبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneum%C3%A0tic_sense_cambra" title="Pneumàtic sense cambra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pneumàtic sense cambra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezdu%C5%A1ov%C3%A1_pneumatika" title="Bezdušová pneumatika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bezdušová pneumatika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlauchloser_Reifen" title="Schlauchloser Reifen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlauchloser Reifen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3" title="تیوبلس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیوبلس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneu_sans_chambre_%C3%A0_air" title="Pneu sans chambre à air – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pneu sans chambre à air" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ट्यूबरहित टायर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ट्यूबरहित टायर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_tanpa_tube" title="Ban tanpa tube – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ban tanpa tube" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatico_tubeless" title="Pneumatico tubeless – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pneumatico tubeless" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezkameras_riepa" title="Bezkameras riepa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bezkameras riepa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubeless" title="Tubeless – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tubeless" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slangel%C3%B8st_dekk" title="Slangeløst dekk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slangeløst dekk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Бескамерная шина – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бескамерная шина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Тјублес гуме – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тјублес гуме" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pneumatic tire that does not require a separate inner tube</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>A <b>tubeless tire</b> (<a href="/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences#Miscellaneous_spelling_differences" title="American and British English spelling differences">also spelled as</a> <b>tubeless tyre</b> in <a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="English in the Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth English</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Pneumatics" title="Pneumatics">pneumatic</a> <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tire</a> that does not require a separate <a href="/wiki/Inner_tube" title="Inner tube">inner tube</a>. </p><p>Unlike pneumatic tires which use a separate inner tube, tubeless tires have continuous ribs molded integrally into the <a href="/wiki/Tire#Components" title="Tire">bead</a> of the tire that are forced by air pressure into a flange on the metal rim of the wheel, sealing the tire to the rim. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many patents had been filed covering tubeless tires. <i>Killen Tire</i> applied for a patent in 1928 and was granted <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation patent"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=GB329955">GB patent 329955</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=329955&rft.cc=GB&rft.title="><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a> in 1930. The Wingfoot Corporation, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Goodyear Tire">Goodyear Tire</a> were granted a patent in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> in 1944. Due to technical problems, most of these designs saw only limited production or were abandoned. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Frank_Herzegh" title="Frank Herzegh">Frank Herzegh</a> working for <a href="/wiki/BF_Goodrich" class="mw-redirect" title="BF Goodrich">BF Goodrich</a> applied for a patent in 1946 and eventually received <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation patent"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US2587470">US patent 2587470</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=2587470&rft.cc=US&rft.title="><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> in 1952 in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. By 1955 tubeless tires became standard equipment on new cars.<sup id="cite_ref-History.com_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History.com-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> BF Goodrich had to defend their patent in court several times, due to the similarities of previous designs. The primary difference between the BF Goodrich design and their predecessors was the usage of <a href="/wiki/Butyl_rubber" title="Butyl rubber">butyl rubber</a>, which was more resistant to air leakage than the natural <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubber</a> used in the other designs.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional designs of pneumatic tires required a separate inner tube which could fail for a number of reasons, such as incorrect tire fit, friction between the tire wall and inner tube generating excess heat, or a puncture. Tubeless tire technology does away with the need for an inner tube thereby increasing safety.<sup id="cite_ref-History.com_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History.com-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-New_York_Times_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_York_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In a tubeless tire, the tire and the rim of the wheel form an airtight seal, with the valve being directly mounted on the rim. If a tubeless tire gets a small puncture, air escapes only through the hole, leading to a gentle deflation. Conversely, a tubed tire, with an inner tube, could burst like a balloon, leading to deflation of the tire which could result in sudden loss of control of the vehicle. However, the "bursting like a balloon" scenario is highly unlikely due to fact that the inner tube is inside of the tire and will deflate at a rate proportional to the puncture hole size. In antique automobiles, made before the mid 1950s, the rims are not designed for tubeless tires, and an inner tube is required to prevent slow leaks at the bead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Advantages_of_tubeless_tires">Advantages of tubeless tires</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Advantages of tubeless tires"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tubeless tires provide several advantages, such as remaining operational at lower air pressure. Due to their high width, tubeless tires are less likely to get punctured than regular tube tires. Air leakage is also reduced as the rubber in the tire keeps the air trapped for longer, giving you extra time to drive safely and pull over. In addition, mending a tubeless tire is easier than a traditional one—a simple liquid sealant poured over the puncture is often enough to patch it. Furthermore, the higher air pressure inside a tubeless tire provides more stability and comfort while driving. Lastly, the lack of a tube also boosts <a href="/wiki/Fuel_efficiency" title="Fuel efficiency">fuel efficiency</a> due to reduced tire friction.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tire_sealants">Tire sealants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tire sealants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liquid tire sealant can be injected into tubeless tires to prevent deflation in case of small punctures, although there is controversy regarding its compatibility with direct <a href="/wiki/Tire_pressure_monitoring_system#Direct_TPMS" class="mw-redirect" title="Tire pressure monitoring system">tire pressure monitoring systems</a> (TPMS) that employ sensors mounted inside the tire. Some manufacturers of sealants assert that their products are indeed compatible,<sup id="cite_ref-RideOn_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RideOn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but others warned that, e.g., the "sealant may come in contact with the sensor in a way that renders the sensor TEMPORARILY inoperable until it is properly cleaned, inspected and re-installed by a tire care professional".<sup id="cite_ref-Slime_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Slime-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such doubts are also reported by others.<sup id="cite_ref-ComRep_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ComRep-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TireRev_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TireRev-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Use of such sealants may void the TPMS sensor warranty.<sup id="cite_ref-RideOn_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RideOn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bicycle_tires">Bicycle tires</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bicycle tires"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A tubeless <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">bicycle tire</a> system requires a compatible tire, an airtight rim—capable of being sealed at the <a href="/wiki/Valve_stem" title="Valve stem">valve stem</a>, spoke holes (if they go all the way through the rim) and the tire bead seat. Liquid sealant is added inside the tire to prevent leaking around the bead and to seal holes from small punctures,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the sealant can be messy to mount or in case of punctures.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zipp_353_NSW_09_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Zipp_353_NSW_09_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2913" data-file-height="2185" /></a><figcaption>Tubeless valve on a bicycle rim.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tubeless systems typically utilize <a href="/wiki/Presta_valve" title="Presta valve">Presta valves</a> with removable cores. Some feature a larger internal diameter than usual Presta valves to prevent clogging and to accommodate more air flow during installation.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main benefit of tubeless tires is the ability to use low air pressure for better traction without getting pinch flats because there is no tube to pinch between the rim and an obstacle.<sup id="cite_ref-Felton_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Felton-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lower pressures mean improved comfort and rolling performance on rough surfaces. Since there’s no inner tube, there’s no friction between tire and tube. Many punctures will self seal. Most punctures that don’t seal are easy to fix with a <a href="/wiki/Repair_kit" title="Repair kit">tire plug</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountain_and_gravel">Mountain and gravel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mountain and gravel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>UST</i> or <i>Universal System Tubeless</i> is a <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation patent"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc?DB=EPODOC&IDX=US6257676">US patent 6257676</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft.number=6257676&rft.cc=US&rft.title="><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> rim designed by <a href="/wiki/Mavic_(bicycle_parts_company)" title="Mavic (bicycle parts company)">Mavic</a> with hooked edges designed to seal with specially designed tires. Several companies such as <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_SNC" class="mw-redirect" title="Hutchinson SNC">Hutchinson</a> make tires compatible with UST rims, and that.<sup id="cite_ref-Felton_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Felton-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UST was the first tubeless system for bicycles.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other companies such as Stan’s NoTubes, <a href="/wiki/Bontrager" class="mw-redirect" title="Bontrager">Bontrager</a>, DT Swiss, and <a href="/wiki/Wilderness_Trail_Bikes" title="Wilderness Trail Bikes">WTB</a> have their own similar system called <i>Tubeless Ready</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Shimano" title="Shimano">Shimano</a> and Hutchinson introduced a tubeless system for road bicycles.<sup id="cite_ref-Phillips_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phillips-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There has been a slow migration of the professional peloton to tubeless designs, with the change happening slowly over the later end of the 2010's with tubeless turning up on a meaningful number of bikes around the 2017 season and continuing to gain popularity into the early 2020's.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2024, most of the professional peloton is now using a tubeless setup for most applications with the odd UCI pro team using tubular or clinchers in certain races or stages.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tubeless tyres now dominate the lowest rolling resistance charts.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_valve" title="Dunlop valve">Dunlop valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire#Inflation_pressure" title="Bicycle tire">Inflation pressure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">kPa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pounds_per_square_inch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds per square inch">psi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires" title="Outline of tires">Outline of tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presta_valve" title="Presta valve">Presta valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_resistance" title="Rolling resistance">Rolling resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrader_valve" title="Schrader valve">Schrader valve</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-History.com-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History.com_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-History.com_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bf-goodrich-co-announces-development-of-tubeless-tire">"B.F. Goodrich Co. announces development of tubeless tire"</a>. History.com by A&E Television Networks<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=B.F.+Goodrich+Co.+announces+development+of+tubeless+tire&rft.pub=History.com+by+A%26E+Television+Networks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fthis-day-in-history%2Fbf-goodrich-co-announces-development-of-tubeless-tire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>BF Goodrich Co. v. United States Rubber Co.</i></cite> (D. Md. 1956), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://md.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19561212_0000057.DMD.htm/qx">Text</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>BF Goodrich Co. v. United States Rubber Co.</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://174.123.24.242/leagle/xmlResult.aspx?page=1&xmldoc=1957712244F2d468_1600.xml&docbase=CSLWAR1-1950-1985&SizeDisp=7">244 F.2d 468</a> (4th Cir. 1957).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_York_Times-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-New_York_Times_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoster1954" class="citation news cs1">Foster, Hailey (December 5, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spiderbites.nytimes.com/pay_1954/articles_1954_12_00005.html">"TUBELESS TYRES; Standard on Most 1955 Automobiles, They Are Safer and Last Longer"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. p. 27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=TUBELESS+TYRES%3B+Standard+on+Most+1955+Automobiles%2C+They+Are+Safer+and+Last+Longer&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1954-12-05&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=Hailey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspiderbites.nytimes.com%2Fpay_1954%2Farticles_1954_12_00005.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMissel" class="citation web cs1">Missel, Riley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bicycling.com/repair/a34480618/how-to-use-tubeless-tire-sealant/">"How to Use Tubeless Tire Sealant"</a>. <i>bicycling.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bicycling.com&rft.atitle=How+to+Use+Tubeless+Tire+Sealant&rft.aulast=Missel&rft.aufirst=Riley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bicycling.com%2Frepair%2Fa34480618%2Fhow-to-use-tubeless-tire-sealant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RideOn-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RideOn_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RideOn_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ride-on.com/ride-on-tps-tire-sealants-and-tire-pressure-monitoring-systems-tpms.html">"Ride-On TPS Tire Sealants and Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Rodale: 90.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bicycling&rft.atitle=The+Scoop+on+Tubeless&rft.pages=90&rft.date=2008-12&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Matt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bikeradar.com/features/tubeless-tyres-pro-peloton">"Will tubeless take over in the pro peloton? Here's what the experts say"</a>. <i>www.bikeradar.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bikeradar.com&rft.atitle=Will+tubeless+take+over+in+the+pro+peloton%3F+Here%27s+what+the+experts+say&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bikeradar.com%2Ffeatures%2Ftubeless-tyres-pro-peloton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://road.cc/content/feature/why-tubeless-now-rules-tour-de-france-peloton-302165">"Have we witnessed the death of tubular tyres? Why tubeless now rules the Tour de France peloton"</a>. <i>road.cc</i>. July 9, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bicyclerollingresistance.com&rft.atitle=Road+Bike+Tires+Test+Results+%7C+Bicycle+Rolling+Resistance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bicyclerollingresistance.com%2Froad-bike-reviews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATubeless+tire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubeless_tire&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tires" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tires" title="Template:Tires"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tires" title="Template talk:Tires"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tires" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tires"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tires" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">Tires</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Types" title="Outline of tires">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tubeless tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_tire" title="Radial tire">Radial tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_rolling_resistance_tire" title="Low rolling resistance tire">Low rolling resistance tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run-flat_tire" title="Run-flat tire">Run-flat tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelin_PAX_System" title="Michelin PAX System">Michelin PAX System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airless_tire" title="Airless tire">Airless tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweel" title="Tweel">Tweel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_tyre" title="Rain tyre">Rain tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_tire" title="Snow tire">Snow tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="All-terrain tire">All-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_grip" title="Bar grip">Bar grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-road_tire" title="Off-road tire">Knobby tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-roading#Large_tires" title="Off-roading">Large tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mud-terrain_tyre" class="mw-redirect" title="Mud-terrain tyre">Mud-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_tire" title="Paddle tire">Paddle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil_tires" title="Orange oil tires">Orange oil tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewall_tire" title="Whitewall tire">Whitewall tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire#Aircraft" title="Tire">Aircraft tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_tire" title="Tundra tire">Tundra tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">Bicycle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubular_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubular tire">Tubular tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Lego tire">Lego tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_tyre" title="Motorcycle tyre">Motorcycle tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code#Tractor_tires" title="Tire code">Tractor tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_slick" title="Racing slick">Racing slick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_One_tyres" title="Formula One tyres">Formula One tyres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spare_tire" title="Spare tire">Spare tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_tire" title="Continental tire">Continental tire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Components" title="Outline of tires">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_bead" title="Tire bead">Bead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadlock" title="Beadlock">Beadlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_tread" title="Tire tread">Tread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping_(rubber)" title="Siping (rubber)">Siping (rubber)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valve_stem" title="Valve stem">Valve stem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_valve" title="Dunlop valve">Dunlop valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presta_valve" title="Presta valve">Presta valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrader_valve" title="Schrader valve">Schrader valve</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Attributes" title="Outline of tires">Attributes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camber_thrust" title="Camber thrust">Camber thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_of_forces" title="Circle of forces">Circle of forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_inflation_pressure" title="Cold inflation pressure">Cold inflation pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_patch" title="Contact patch">Contact patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornering_force" title="Cornering force">Cornering force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_pressure" title="Ground pressure">Ground pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacejka#The_Pacejka_.22Magic_Formula.22_tire_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacejka">Pacejka's Magic Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatic_trail" title="Pneumatic trail">Pneumatic trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxation_length" title="Relaxation length">Relaxation length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_resistance" title="Rolling resistance">Rolling resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_aligning_torque" title="Self aligning torque">Self aligning torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_angle" title="Slip angle">Slip angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_ratio#Alternate_definition" title="Steering ratio">Steering ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_balance" title="Tire balance">Tire balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_load_sensitivity" title="Tire load sensitivity">Tire load sensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_uniformity" title="Tire uniformity">Tire uniformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral Force Variation">Lateral Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Radial Force Variation">Radial Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traction_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction (engineering)">Traction (engineering)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treadwear_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Treadwear rating">Treadwear rating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Behaviors" title="Outline of tires">Behaviors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaplaning" title="Aquaplaning">Aquaplaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_wander" title="Groove wander">Groove wander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(vehicle_dynamics)" title="Slip (vehicle dynamics)">Slip (vehicle dynamics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramlining" title="Tramlining">Tramlining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Maintenance" title="Outline of tires">Maintenance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_maintenance" title="Tire maintenance">Tire maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_rotation" title="Tire rotation">Tire rotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pump" title="Bicycle pump">Bicycle pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tire_Inflation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Tire Inflation System">Central Tire Inflation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_mousse" title="Tire mousse">Tire mousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_monitoring_system" title="Tire-pressure monitoring system">Tire-pressure monitoring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_gauge" title="Tire-pressure gauge">Tire-pressure gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_TPMS" title="Direct TPMS">Direct TPMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bead_breaker" title="Bead breaker">Bead breaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_changer" title="Tire changer">Tire changer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_iron" title="Tire iron">Tire iron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Life_cycle" title="Outline of tires">Life cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_manufacturing" title="Tire manufacturing">Tire manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tire_companies" title="List of tire companies">List of tire companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retread" title="Retread">Retread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_tires" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste tires">Waste tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_recycling" title="Tire recycling">Tire recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_fire" title="Tire fire">Tire fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(tire)" title="Blowout (tire)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_tire" title="Flat tire">Flat tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone_cracking" title="Ozone cracking">Ozone cracking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Organizations" title="Outline of tires">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Tyre_and_Rim_Technical_Organisation" title="European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation">European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Society" title="Tire Society">Tire Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Science_and_Technology" title="Tire Science and Technology">Tire Science and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Identification" title="Outline of tires">Identification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">Tire code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plus_sizing" title="Plus sizing">Plus sizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_label" class="mw-redirect" title="Tire label">Tire label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UTQG" class="mw-redirect" title="UTQG">Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires" title="Outline of tires">Outline of tires</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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