CINXE.COM
Regulatory & Competition Experts - Watson Farley & Williams
<!doctype html> <html class="no-js" lang="en-GB"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Regulatory & Competition Experts - Watson Farley & Williams</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1"> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True"> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="SKYPE_TOOLBAR" content="SKYPE_TOOLBAR_PARSER_COMPATIBLE"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/apple-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-36x36.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-48x48.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-96x96.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/android-icon-192x192.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/favicon-96x96.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/ms-icon-70x70.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/ms-icon-144x144.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/ms-icon-150x150.png"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/images/favicon/ms-icon-310x310.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade"> <style type="text/css"> @font-face{ font-family:"Calibri W06"; src:url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/17c31e5c-5784-4ae6-8cec-a6caed2afd3f.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/0555dc6b-1bb5-4cdc-8975-756197067e95.woff") format("woff"); font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face{ font-family:"Calibri W06"; src:url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/fdf371b8-1ed3-4c8c-a647-5c57f889f586.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/42f91b8c-9815-4407-a659-bd79b1104da2.woff") format("woff"); font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-display: swap; } @font-face{ font-family:"Calibri W06"; src:url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/69222be9-c9d5-4171-b3cd-f4c1697d4e75.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/ac71c358-4cfa-4488-a823-3d4a086ab35c.woff") format("woff"); font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } @font-face{ font-family:"Calibri W06"; src:url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/d3a0bdd1-8fef-4e49-a808-6bf63cc5ffd0.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/f29d2fec-cc28-4d35-88a0-7c81385c6e79.woff") format("woff"); font-weight: 700; font-style: italic; } @font-face{ font-family:"Futura W01"; src:url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/e17c7943-8db2-4470-9e2a-74a8d01f6776.woff2") format("woff2"),url("/wp-content/themes/wfw/Fonts/6c72b0cb-89a1-4da9-8574-9244967bd9d6.woff") format("woff"); font-weight: 500; font-style: normal; font-display: swap; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var MTIProjectId='54fe8e95-c4e4-4fc9-99d3-d3c4e67621f9'; (function() { var mtiTracking = document.createElement('script'); mtiTracking.type='text/javascript'; mtiTracking.async='true'; mtiTracking.src='mtiFontTrackingCode.js'; (document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild( mtiTracking ); })(); </script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag("consent", "default", { ad_user_data: "denied", ad_personalization: "denied", ad_storage: "denied", analytics_storage: "denied", functionality_storage: "denied", personalization_storage: "denied", security_storage: "granted", wait_for_update: 500, }); gtag("set", "ads_data_redaction", true); gtag("set", "url_passthrough", true); </script> <script> (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l !== 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f);})( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-WPBXG42' ); </script> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.8 (Yoast SEO v23.8) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <meta name="description" content="Our expertise helps our clients comply with regulatory, competition, environmental & health & safety requirements." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Regulatory and Competition" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Our expertise helps our clients comply with regulatory, competition, environmental & health & safety requirements." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Watson Farley & Williams" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/watsonfarleywilliams" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-09-05T15:54:50+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Feaure-Staircase-shutterstock_101883724.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1920" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@WFW_LLP" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Estimated reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="1 minute" /> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//hcaptcha.com' /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=6.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpcf7-redirect-script-frontend-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/wpcf7-redirect/build/css/wpcf7-redirect-frontend.min.css?ver=1.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='search-filter-plugin-styles-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/css/search-filter.min.css?ver=2.5.19' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tjldesigns-css-main-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/style.css?ver=1731919598' media='' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tjldesigns-css-aos-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/aos.css?ver=1.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fancybox-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-fancybox/fancybox/1.5.4/jquery.fancybox.css?ver=1732359654' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-default-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/tablepress-combined.min.css?ver=530' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tablepress-responsive-tables-css' href='https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/tablepress-responsive-tables/css/tablepress-responsive.min.css?ver=1.8' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/847" /><link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfw.com%2Fservices%2Fregulatory-competition%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.wfw.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfw.com%2Fservices%2Fregulatory-competition%2F&format=xml" /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Schema plugin v1.7.9.6 - https://schema.press --> <script type="application/ld+json">[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"WPHeader","url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/services\/regulatory-competition\/","headline":"Regulatory and Competition","description":"Around the world, projects and investments are facing increasingly demanding regulatory frameworks. We support our clients on a..."},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"WPFooter","url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/services\/regulatory-competition\/","headline":"Regulatory and Competition","description":"Around the world, projects and investments are facing increasingly demanding regulatory frameworks. We support our clients on a...","copyrightYear":"2018"}]</script> <!-- This site is optimized with the Schema plugin v1.7.9.6 - https://schema.press --> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/services\/regulatory-competition\/"},"url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/services\/regulatory-competition\/","headline":"Regulatory and Competition","datePublished":"2018-12-31T10:50:38+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-05T16:54:50+01:00","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/#organization","name":"Watson Farley & Williams","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/dev2.wfw.temporarywebsiteaddress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/logo-wfw.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Feaure-Staircase-shutterstock_101883724.jpg","width":1920,"height":1200},"description":"Around the world, projects and investments are facing increasingly demanding regulatory frameworks. We support our clients on a broad range of matters across multiple sectors, including our core sectors of Energy, Transport and Infrastructure, helping them to comply with regulatory, competition, environmental and health and safety requirements. We provide","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Sam Abreo","url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/author\/sam-abreo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1eaa484b9c78c6a4916b7c0052319696?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.wfw.com"]}}</script> <style> .h-captcha{position:relative;display:block;margin-bottom:2rem;padding:0;clear:both}.h-captcha[data-size="normal"]{width:303px;height:78px}.h-captcha[data-size="compact"]{width:164px;height:144px}.h-captcha[data-size="invisible"]{display:none}.h-captcha::before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;background:url(https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/hcaptcha-for-forms-and-more/assets/images/hcaptcha-div-logo.svg) no-repeat;border:1px solid #fff0;border-radius:4px}.h-captcha[data-size="normal"]::before{width:300px;height:74px;background-position:94% 28%}.h-captcha[data-size="compact"]::before{width:156px;height:136px;background-position:50% 79%}.h-captcha[data-theme="light"]::before,body.is-light-theme .h-captcha[data-theme="auto"]::before,.h-captcha[data-theme="auto"]::before{background-color:#fafafa;border:1px solid #e0e0e0}.h-captcha[data-theme="dark"]::before,body.is-dark-theme .h-captcha[data-theme="auto"]::before,html.wp-dark-mode-active .h-captcha[data-theme="auto"]::before,html.drdt-dark-mode .h-captcha[data-theme="auto"]::before{background-image:url(https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/hcaptcha-for-forms-and-more/assets/images/hcaptcha-div-logo-white.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-color:#333;border:1px solid #f5f5f5}.h-captcha[data-size="invisible"]::before{display:none}.h-captcha iframe{position:relative}div[style*="z-index: 2147483647"] div[style*="border-width: 11px"][style*="position: absolute"][style*="pointer-events: none"]{border-style:none} </style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Schema plugin v1.7.9.6 - https://schema.press --> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@id": "https://www.wfw.com", "name": "Home" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": { "@id": "https://www.wfw.com/services/", "name": "Services" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "item": { "@id": "https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/", "name": "Regulatory and Competition", "image": "https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Feaure-Staircase-shutterstock_101883724.jpg" } } ] }</script> <style> span[data-name="hcap-cf7"] .h-captcha{margin-bottom:0}span[data-name="hcap-cf7"]~input[type="submit"],span[data-name="hcap-cf7"]~button[type="submit"]{margin-top:2rem} </style> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .page-id-30074 .careers_jobs_holder .searchandfilter > ul > li:last-child { float: none; } .dataTables_paginate a { color: #115e67 !important; } p.custom-indent { text-indent:60px; } .postid-38147 #people_left h1 { font: bold 2em/110% 'Calibri W06', Arial, sans-serif; } .postid-38147 #people_right h4 { font-family: 'Calibri W06', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.15em; } @media (max-width: 420px) { .postid-38147 #people_left h1 { font-size: 1.3em; } } </style> <script type="text/plain" data-cookieconsent="statistics"> (function(c,l,a,r,i,t,y){ c[a]=c[a]||function(){(c[a].q=c[a].q||[]).push(arguments)}; t=l.createElement(r);t.async=1;t.src="https://www.clarity.ms/tag/"+i; y=l.getElementsByTagName(r)[0];y.parentNode.insertBefore(t,y); })(window, document, "clarity", "script", "cq3cwbyorb"); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script type="text/javascript">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WPBXG42');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script type="text/plain" data-cookieconsent="marketing">!function(r){var i=document.createElement("img");i.setAttribute("src","//wfw.vuture.net/security/tracker.gif?referer="+encodeURIComponent(r))}(document.referrer);</script> </head> <body data-rsssl=1 class="page-template page-template-template-sector-services page-template-template-sector-services-php page page-id-847 page-parent page-child parent-pageid-795 regulatory-competition"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WPBXG42" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <div id="mc-overall-wrapper"> <header id="header_main" role="banner" class="header_main_white"> <a href="#" id="menu-expertise" class="menu-icon">Expertise</a> <a href="#" id="menu-main" class="menu-icon">Menu</a> <a href="https://www.wfw.com/" id="logo_wfw">Watson Farley & Williams</a> <form name="search_form" role="search" method="get" class="search_form" action="/search/" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="search_form_text" name="_sf_s" placeholder="Search" id="input_keyword"> <input type="submit" value="Search" class="search_form_submit"> </form> </header> <div id="menu_hide_content"> <section role="main" class="clearfix"> <div id="sector_services_wrapper"> <div id="sector_services_banner_holder" class="sector_services_banner_holder_white"> <div id="sector_services_banner_overflow"><div id="sector_services_banner" class="post_banner_react" style="background-image: url(https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Feaure-Staircase-shutterstock_101883724.jpg);"></div></div> <div id="sector_services_banner_h1"> <div class="container"> <div id="sector_services_banner_h1_table"> <div id="sector_services_banner_h1_cell"> <h1>Regulatory and Competition</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="glide_focus_menu" id="sector_services_meet_team_sticky"><a href="#sector_services_team" id="sector_services_meet_team" class="navy">Meet the team</a></span> </div> <div class="container clearfix"> <div id="sector_services_left" class="clearfix"> <div id="people_menu" class="sector_services_top_menu glide_focus_menu clearfix"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul> <li><a href="#sector_services_info" class="active">Summary</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="people_menu_mob" class="glide_focus_menu"> <a id="people_menu_mob_toggle" href="#">More information</a> <div id="people_menu_mob_reveal"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul> <li><a href="#sector_services_info">Summary</a></li> <li><a href="#sector_services_team">Meet the team</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="sector_services_info"> <h2 id="sector_services_info_h2" class="h3_styler">In depth knowledge of local law plus strong international awareness keep us ahead of regulatory issues that may affect our clients.</h2> <div id="sector_services_info_capped"> <div class="post_wysiwyg"> <p>Around the world, projects and investments are facing increasingly demanding regulatory frameworks. We support our clients on a broad range of matters across multiple sectors, including our core sectors of <strong><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/energy/">Energy</a></strong>, <strong><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/transport/">Transport</a> </strong>and <strong><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/infrastructure/">Infrastructure</a></strong>, helping them to comply with regulatory, competition, environmental and health and safety requirements.</p> <p>We provide comprehensive regulatory advice:</p> <ul> <li>In the area of EU and competition law we advise on international merger control, behavioural antitrust, State Aid, investigations and litigation.</li> <li>Our environment, health and safety team advises on compliance and risk mitigation. Our lawyers have an in-depth understanding these laws, policies and regulations both in the EU and around the world.</li> <li>We advise on sanctions and data protection compliance.</li> </ul> <h2>Find out more:</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/"><strong>Dispute Resolution</strong></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/public-law/"><strong>Public Law</strong></a></li> </ul> <p> </p> </div> <div id="sector_services_experience_desktop"> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sector_services_submenu"> <nav role="navigation"><div class="sector_services_submenu"><ul><li class="page_item page-item-3926"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/environment-health-safety/">Environment, Health and Safety</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3912"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/eu-competition/">EU and Competition</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-35242"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/financial-services-regulation/">Financial Services Regulation</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3914"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/regulatory/">Regulatory</a></li> </ul></div></nav> </div> </div> </div> <div id="home_insights" class="home_insights_archive"> <div class="container clearfix"> <h2>Insights</h2> <ol><li class="article_1"><div class="home_features_col"><article><div class="home_features_col_img"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/press/wfw-advises-the-valorem-group-on-e550m-finance-deal/"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Wind_Farm_shutterstock_186048158.jpg" alt=""></a></div><span class="header_tiny header_tiny_type">Press</span><h3 class="h3_styler"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/press/wfw-advises-the-valorem-group-on-e550m-finance-deal/">WFW advises the VALOREM Group on €550m finance deal</a></h3></article></div></li><li class="article_2"><div class="home_features_col"><article><div class="home_features_col_img"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/articles/spectrum-rights-and-orbital-positions-what-do-space-operators-need-to-know/"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Aerospace-Satelite-Website-Insights-Banner.jpg" alt=""></a></div><span class="header_tiny header_tiny_type">Article</span><h3 class="h3_styler"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/articles/spectrum-rights-and-orbital-positions-what-do-space-operators-need-to-know/">Spectrum rights and orbital positions: what do space operators need to know?</a></h3></article></div></li><li class="article_3"><div class="home_features_col"><article><div class="home_features_col_img"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/articles/uk-budget-2024-key-takeaways-for-the-energy-sector/"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Downing-street_shutterstock_2428677517.jpg" alt=""></a></div><span class="header_tiny header_tiny_type">Article</span><h3 class="h3_styler"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/articles/uk-budget-2024-key-takeaways-for-the-energy-sector/">UK Budget 2024 – Key Takeaways for the Energy Sector</a></h3></article></div></li></ol> <p id="sector_services_articles_all"><a href="/insights/?_sft_service=regulatory-competition" class="button_outline">View all insights</a></p> </div> </div> <div id="sector_services_team"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div id="sector_services_team_holder"> <h2 class="sector_services_team_desktop">Meet the team</h2> <h2 class="sector_services_team_mobile">Key contacts</h2> <div id="sector_services_ctas" class="clearfix"> <div class="sector_services_toggle_menu"> <a href="#" class="sector_services_toggle" id="sector_services_people_toggle">All offices</a> <nav role="navigation" class="sector_services_menu"> <ul><li><a href="?office=799#sector_services_team">Australia</a><ul><li><a href="?office=798#sector_services_team">Sydney</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=33#sector_services_team">France</a><ul><li><a href="?office=12#sector_services_team">Paris</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=34#sector_services_team">Germany</a><ul><li><a href="?office=692#sector_services_team">Düsseldorf</a></li><li><a href="?office=14#sector_services_team">Frankfurt</a></li><li><a href="?office=2#sector_services_team">Hamburg</a></li><li><a href="?office=13#sector_services_team">Munich</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=35#sector_services_team">Greece</a><ul><li><a href="?office=10#sector_services_team">Athens</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=38#sector_services_team">Italy</a><ul><li><a href="?office=17#sector_services_team">Rome</a></li><li><a href="?office=21#sector_services_team">Milan</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=37#sector_services_team">Spain</a><ul><li><a href="?office=22#sector_services_team">Madrid</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=41#sector_services_team">Thailand</a><ul><li><a href="?office=20#sector_services_team">Bangkok</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=36#sector_services_team">United Kingdom</a><ul><li><a href="?office=11#sector_services_team">London</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="?office=40#sector_services_team">USA</a><ul><li><a href="?office=16#sector_services_team">New York</a></li></ul></li></ul> </nav> </div> <a href="/people/?_sft_service=regulatory-competition" class="button_outline">View the whole team</a> </div> <div id="sector_services_team_scroller_margin_adjust"> <div id="sector_services_team_scroller"> <article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/john-ahern/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/John-Ahern-1.jpg" alt="John Ahern"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/john-ahern/">John<br>Ahern</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/john-ahern/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-autuori/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Michele-Autuori-1.jpg" alt="Michele Autuori"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-autuori/">Michele<br>Autuori</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-autuori/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christine-bader/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Dr-Christine-Bader-1.jpg" alt="Dr Christine Bader"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christine-bader/">Dr Christine<br>Bader</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Hamburg</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christine-bader/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maximilian-boemke/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Dr-F.-Maximilian-Boemke-1.jpg" alt="Dr F. Maximilian Boemke"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maximilian-boemke/">Dr F. Maximilian<br>Boemke</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Hamburg</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maximilian-boemke/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/david-diez/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/David-Diez-1.jpg" alt="David Diez"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/david-diez/">David<br>Diez</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/david-diez/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/luis-gonzalez/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Luis-Gonzalez-1.jpg" alt="Luis González"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/luis-gonzalez/">Luis<br>González</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/luis-gonzalez/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/robert-kritzman/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Robert-Kritzman-1.jpg" alt="Robert Kritzman"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/robert-kritzman/">Robert<br>Kritzman</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>New York</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/robert-kritzman/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/solange-leandro/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Solange-Leandro-1.jpg" alt="Solange Leandro"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/solange-leandro/">Solange <br>Leandro</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/solange-leandro/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/tiziana-manenti/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Tiziana-Manenti-1.jpg" alt="Tiziana Manenti"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/tiziana-manenti/">Tiziana<br>Manenti</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/tiziana-manenti/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marisetta-marcopoulou/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Marisetta-Marcopoulou-1.jpg" alt="Marisetta Marcopoulou"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marisetta-marcopoulou/">Marisetta<br>Marcopoulou</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Athens</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marisetta-marcopoulou/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/giannalberto-mazzei/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Giannalberto-Mazzei-1.jpg" alt="Giannalberto Mazzei"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/giannalberto-mazzei/">Giannalberto<br>Mazzei</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/giannalberto-mazzei/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/virginia-louise-murray/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Virginia-Murray-1.jpg" alt="Virginia Murray"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/virginia-louise-murray/">Virginia<br>Murray</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Athens</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/virginia-louise-murray/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/piyanuj-lui-ratprasatporn/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Piyanuj-Ratprasatporn-2.jpg" alt="Piyanuj (Lui) Ratprasatporn"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/piyanuj-lui-ratprasatporn/">Piyanuj (Lui)<br>Ratprasatporn</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Bangkok</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/piyanuj-lui-ratprasatporn/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/felix-siebler/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Dr-Felix-Siebler-LL.M.-1.jpg" alt="Dr Felix Siebler LL.M."></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/felix-siebler/">Dr Felix<br>Siebler LL.M.</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Germany</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/felix-siebler/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/arnaud-troizier/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Arnaud-Troizier-1.jpg" alt="Arnaud Troizier"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/arnaud-troizier/">Arnaud<br>Troizier</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Paris</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/arnaud-troizier/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/britta-wissmann/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Britta-Wismann-1.jpg" alt="Britta Wißmann"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/britta-wissmann/">Britta<br>Wißmann</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Partner <span>Düsseldorf</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/britta-wissmann/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lucien-rapp/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Lucien-Rapp-1.jpg" alt="Lucien Rapp"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lucien-rapp/">Lucien<br>Rapp</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Consultant <span>Paris</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lucien-rapp/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philippe-ruttley/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Philippe-Ruttley-1.jpg" alt="Philippe Ruttley"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philippe-ruttley/">Philippe<br>Ruttley</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Advisor <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philippe-ruttley/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marianne-anton/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Marianne-Anton-1.jpg" alt="Marianne Anton"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marianne-anton/">Marianne<br>Anton</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Counsel <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marianne-anton/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christoph-benedict/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Christoph-G-Benedict-1.jpg" alt="Dr Christoph Benedict"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christoph-benedict/">Dr Christoph <br>Benedict</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Counsel <span>Düsseldorf</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/christoph-benedict/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/matteo-castioni/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Matteo-Castioni-1.jpg" alt="Matteo Castioni"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/matteo-castioni/">Matteo <br>Castioni</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Counsel <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/matteo-castioni/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ariane-massonnaud/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Ariane-Massonnaud-1.jpg" alt="Ariane Massonnaud"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ariane-massonnaud/">Ariane<br>Massonnaud</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Counsel <span>Paris</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ariane-massonnaud/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/norbert-schleper/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Norbert-Schleper-1.jpg" alt="Norbert Schleper"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/norbert-schleper/">Norbert<br>Schleper</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Counsel <span>Düsseldorf</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/norbert-schleper/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/devon-whittle/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Devon-Whittle-1.jpg" alt="Devon Whittle"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/devon-whittle/">Devon<br>Whittle</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Special Counsel <span>Sydney</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/devon-whittle/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/jane-mortimer-tracy/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Jane-Mortimer-Tracy-1.jpg" alt="Jane Mortimer Tracy"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/jane-mortimer-tracy/">Jane<br>Mortimer Tracy</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Knowledge Counsel <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/jane-mortimer-tracy/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/anthony-bellacci/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Anthony-Bellacci-1.jpg" alt="Anthony Bellacci"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/anthony-bellacci/">Anthony<br>Bellacci</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/anthony-bellacci/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/alessandro-di-carlo/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Alessandro-Di-Carlo-1.jpg" alt="Alessandro Di Carlo"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/alessandro-di-carlo/">Alessandro <br>Di Carlo </a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Milan</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/alessandro-di-carlo/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lidia-fernandez-jimenez/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Lidia-Fernandez-Jimenez-1.jpg" alt="Lidia Fernandez"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lidia-fernandez-jimenez/">Lidia<br>Fernandez</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/lidia-fernandez-jimenez/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/cesare-fossati/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cesare-Fossati-1.jpg" alt="Cesare Fossati"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/cesare-fossati/">Cesare<br>Fossati</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/cesare-fossati/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-laterza/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Michele-Laterza-1.jpg" alt="Michele Laterza"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-laterza/">Michele<br>Laterza</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/michele-laterza/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/chananya-rattanacharoen/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Chananya-Rattanacharoen-1.jpg" alt="Chananya Rattanacharoen"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/chananya-rattanacharoen/">Chananya<br>Rattanacharoen</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Bangkok</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/chananya-rattanacharoen/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/katerina-stringari/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Katerina-Stringari-1-1.jpg" alt="Katerina Stringari"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/katerina-stringari/">Katerina <br>Stringari</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Senior Associate <span>Athens</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/katerina-stringari/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/markus-laskowsky/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Markus-Laskowsky-1.jpg" alt="Markus Laskowsky"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/markus-laskowsky/">Markus<br>Laskowsky</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Managing Associate <span>Munich</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/markus-laskowsky/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/juliana-brandao-marques/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Juliana-Brandao-Marques-1.jpg" alt="Juliana Brandao Marques"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/juliana-brandao-marques/">Juliana<br>Brandao Marques</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Paris</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/juliana-brandao-marques/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/adrian-prados-carreras/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Adrian-Prados-1.jpg" alt="Adrián Prados Carrera"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/adrian-prados-carreras/">Adrián Prados<br>Carrera</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/adrian-prados-carreras/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/amandine-collard/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Amandine-Collard-1.jpg" alt="Amandine Collard"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/amandine-collard/">Amandine<br>Collard</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Paris</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/amandine-collard/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ruwen-fritsche/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Ruwen-Fritsche-1.jpg" alt="Ruwen Fritsche"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ruwen-fritsche/">Ruwen<br>Fritsche</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Hamburg</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/ruwen-fritsche/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/eleonora-gentili/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Eleonora-Gentili-2-1.jpg" alt="Eleonora Gentili"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/eleonora-gentili/">Eleonora<br>Gentili</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/eleonora-gentili/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/kayla-gild/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Kayla-Gild-1.jpg" alt="Kayla Gild"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/kayla-gild/">Kayla<br>Gild</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/kayla-gild/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marco-umberto-iannotti/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Marco-Iannotti-1.jpg" alt="Marco Umberto Iannotti"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marco-umberto-iannotti/">Marco Umberto<br>Iannotti</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/marco-umberto-iannotti/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/dr-hasan-isik/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Hasan-Isik-1.jpg" alt="Dr Hasan Isik"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/dr-hasan-isik/">Dr Hasan<br>Isik</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Düsseldorf</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/dr-hasan-isik/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philipp-kleiner/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Philipp-Kleiner-1.jpg" alt="Dr Philipp Kleiner"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philipp-kleiner/">Dr Philipp<br>Kleiner</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Hamburg</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/philipp-kleiner/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/antimo-rocco-nersita/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Antimo-Rocco-Nersita-1.jpg" alt="Antimo Rocco Nersita"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/antimo-rocco-nersita/">Antimo Rocco<br>Nersita</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/antimo-rocco-nersita/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/paula-perez/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Paula-Perez-1.jpg" alt="Paula Pérez"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/paula-perez/">Paula <br>Pérez</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/paula-perez/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/isabel-rodriguez-de-codes-lopez/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Isabel-Rodriguez-de-Codes-1.jpg" alt="Isabel Rodriguez de Codes López"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/isabel-rodriguez-de-codes-lopez/">Isabel<br>Rodriguez de Codes López</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/isabel-rodriguez-de-codes-lopez/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/josephine-stange/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Josephine-Strange-1.jpg" alt="Josephine Stange"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/josephine-stange/">Josephine<br>Stange</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Düsseldorf</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/josephine-stange/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/iliana-georgia-tsetsa/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Iliana-Tsetsa-1.jpg" alt="Iliana-Georgia Tsetsa"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/iliana-georgia-tsetsa/">Iliana-Georgia <br>Tsetsa</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Athens</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/iliana-georgia-tsetsa/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/hamish-ungless/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Hamish-Ungless-1-1.jpg" alt="Hamish Ungless"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/hamish-ungless/">Hamish<br>Ungless</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>London</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/hamish-ungless/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vela/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Maria-Vela-1.jpg" alt="María Vela"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vela/">María<br>Vela</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Madrid</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vela/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/wiebke-westermann/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Website-Landscape_Missing-Person-850x574px.jpg" alt="Wiebke Westermann"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/wiebke-westermann/">Wiebke<br>Westermann</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Associate <span>Hamburg</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/wiebke-westermann/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/elio-barrella/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Website-Landscape_Missing-Person-850x574px.jpg" alt="Elio Barrella"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/elio-barrella/">Elio<br>Barrella</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Trainee <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/elio-barrella/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article><article><div class="sector_services_person"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vittoria-sini/" class="post_contacts_list_img"><img src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Maria-Vittoria-Sini-1.jpg" alt="Maria Vittoria Sini"></a><h3><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vittoria-sini/">Maria Vittoria<br>Sini</a></h3><p class="people_left_stats_job">Trainee <span>Rome</span></p><p class="people_left_stats_phone"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/people/maria-vittoria-sini/" class="button_outline">View profile</a></p></div></article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sector_services_contact"> <div class="container clearfix"> <h2 class="h3_styler">Find out more</h2> <p><a href="/about-us/contact/" class="button_outline">Contact us</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </section> <footer role="contentinfo" id="site_footer"> <div class="container clearfix"> <ul class="social_list"><li class="social_list_linkedin"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/watson-farley-&-williams/" target="_blank">LinkedIn</a></li><li class="social_list_twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/WFW_LLP" target="_blank">X (Twitter)</a></li><li class="social_list_youtube"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@WFW_LLP" target="_blank">YouTube</a></li><li class="social_list_wechat"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/wechat/" target="_blank">WeChat</a></li></ul> <nav role="navigation" id="footer_menu"> <ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-159" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-159"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/accessibility-compliance/">Accessibility / compliance</a></li> <li id="menu-item-160" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-160"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/privacy/">Privacy notice</a></li> <li id="menu-item-161" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-161"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://subscribe.wfw.com/login/login.aspx">Email preference</a></li> <li id="menu-item-162" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-162"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/legal-and-regulatory/">Legal and regulatory</a></li> <li id="menu-item-163" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-163"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/slavery-and-human-trafficking/">Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking</a></li> <li id="menu-item-164" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-164"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/email-hoax/">Email hoax</a></li> <li id="menu-item-166" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-166"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/cookie-policy/">Cookie policy</a></li> </ul> </nav> <small>© Watson Farley & Williams LLP 2024 <span>Registered office:<br> 15 Appold Street, London, EC2A 2HB, UK. This website constitutes attorney advertising.</span></small> </div> </footer> </div><div class="tjl-overflow-fix"> <div id="menu-main-reveal"> <div class="container clearfix" id="menu-main-reveal-left"> <div id="search_form_mobile"> <form name="search_form" role="search" method="get" class="search_form" action="/search/" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="search_form_text" name="_sf_s" placeholder="Search" id="input_keyword" required> <input type="submit" value="Search" class="search_form_submit"> </form> </div> <div id="menu-main-reveal-left-primary"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul id="menu-main-menu-primary" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-39255" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39255"><a href="/people/">People</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39256" class="menu_open menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-39256"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/about-us/">About Us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39314" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-39314"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/about-us/">Overview</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39259" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-39259"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/about-us/diversity-and-inclusion/">Diversity and Inclusion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39257" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-39257"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/about-us/sustainability/">Sustainability</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-39260" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39260"><a href="/locations/">Locations</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39261"><a href="/careers/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39262" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-39262"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/about-us/contact/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="menu-main-reveal-left-secondary"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul id="menu-main-menu-secondary" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-39242" class="menu_open menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-39242"><a>Featured</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39243" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39243"><a href="/gari">Global Aviation Resource Index (GARI)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39244" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39244"><a href="/podcast/countdown-to-cop-financing-and-fuelling-the-future/">COP28 PODCAST SERIES</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39245" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39245"><a href="/reports/the-sustainability-imperative-part-2/">THE SUSTAINABILITY IMPERATIVE</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-39246" class="menu_open menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-39246"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/insights/">Insights</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-39247" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-39247"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/insights/">All Insights</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39248" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39248"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=articles">Articles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39249" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39249"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=awards">Awards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39250" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39250"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=events">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39251" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39251"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=infocus">Infocus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39252" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39252"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39253" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39253"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=press">Press</a></li> <li id="menu-item-39254" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-39254"><a href="/insights/?_sft_category=reports">Reports</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <ul class="social_list"><li class="social_list_linkedin"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/watson-farley-&-williams/" target="_blank">LinkedIn</a></li><li class="social_list_twitter"><a href="https://twitter.com/WFW_LLP" target="_blank">X (Twitter)</a></li><li class="social_list_youtube"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@WFW_LLP" target="_blank">YouTube</a></li><li class="social_list_wechat"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/wechat/" target="_blank">WeChat</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div id="menu-expertise-reveal"> <div class="container clearfix" id="menu-expertise-col-holder"> <div class="menu-expertise-col"> <h2>Sectors</h2> <nav role="navigation"> <ul class="menu-expertise-parent"> <li class="page_item page-item-785 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/energy/">Energy</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-797"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/energy/mining-commodities/">Mining and Commodities</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-833"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/energy/oil-and-gas/">Oil and Gas</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-835"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/energy/power/">Power</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-3936"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/infrastructure/">Infrastructure</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-783 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/transport/">Transport</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-789 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/transport/aviation/">Aviation</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-791 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/transport/maritime/">Maritime</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-793"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/sectors/transport/rail/">Rail</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="menu-expertise-col"> <h2>Services</h2> <nav role="navigation"> <ul class="menu-expertise-parent"> <li class="page_item page-item-801 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/">Capital Markets</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-3303"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/corporate-trust-agency/">Corporate Trust and Agency</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3305"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/debt-capital-markets/">Debt Capital Markets</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-35239"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/derivatives/">Derivatives</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3307"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/equity-capital-markets/">Equity Capital Markets</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3300"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/capital-markets/structured-finance/">Structured Finance</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-837 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/construction/">Construction</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-3868"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/construction/planning/">Planning</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-1649 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/corporate/">Corporate and M&A</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-10800"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/corporate/corporate-and-acquisition-finance/">Corporate and Acquisition Finance</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3874"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/corporate/joint-ventures/">Joint ventures and strategic alliances</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3872"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/corporate/mergers-and-acquisitions/">Mergers and Acquisitions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-839 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/">Dispute Resolution</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-38113"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/aviation-dispute-resolution/">Aviation Dispute Resolution</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-38454"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/energy-dispute-resolution/">Energy Dispute Resolution</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-38127"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/infrastructure-dispute-resolution/">Infrastructure <br>Dispute Resolution</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-38130"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/international-arbitration/">International <br>Arbitration</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-38133"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/maritime-dispute-resolution/">Maritime Dispute Resolution</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-38135 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/dispute-resolution/public-international-law/">Public International Law</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-841"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/employment/">Employment</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-799 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/">Finance</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-2257"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/asset-finance/">Asset Finance and Leasing</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-2262"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/eca-finance/">ECA Finance</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3311"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/islamic-finance/">Islamic Finance</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3870"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/project-finance/">Project Finance</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3290"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/finance/real-estate-finance/">Real Estate Finance</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-845"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/private-equity/">Private Equity</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3916"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/public-law/">Public Law</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-787 page_item_has_children"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/real-estate/">Real Estate</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-2965"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/real-estate/hotels-hospitality/">Hotels and Hospitality</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-2957"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/real-estate/real-estate-disputes/">Real Estate Disputes</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-847 page_item_has_children current_page_item"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/" aria-current="page">Regulatory and Competition</a> <ul class='children'> <li class="page_item page-item-3926"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/environment-health-safety/">Environment, Health and Safety</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3912"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/eu-competition/">EU and Competition</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-35242"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/financial-services-regulation/">Financial Services Regulation</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-3914"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/regulatory-competition/regulatory/">Regulatory</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-3929"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/restructuring-insolvency/">Restructuring and Insolvency</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-849"><a href="https://www.wfw.com/services/tax/">Tax</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='asp_hidden_data' id="asp_hidden_data" style="display: none !important;"> <svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0"> <filter id="aspblur"> <feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="4"/> </filter> </svg> <svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0"> <filter id="no_aspblur"></filter> </svg> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=6.0" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = { "api": { "root": "https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/wp-json\/", "namespace": "contact-form-7\/v1" } }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=6.0" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wpcf7-redirect-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7r = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.wfw.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/wpcf7-redirect/build/js/wpcf7r-fe.js?ver=1.1" id="wpcf7-redirect-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/modernizr.js?ver=2.6.2" id="tjldesigns-script-modernizr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/jquery.sticky.js?ver=1.0.4" id="tjldesigns-script-jquery-ui-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/slick.min.js?ver=1.6.0" id="tjldesigns-script-slick-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/masonry.pkgd.min.js?ver=4.2.1" id="tjldesigns-script-masonry-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/jquery.waypoints.js?ver=1.0" id="tjldesigns-script-waypoint-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/jquery.counterup.min.js?ver=1.0" id="tjldesigns-script-counterup-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/aos.js?ver=1.0" id="tjldesigns-script-aos-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/themes/wfw/js/main.js?ver=1731359476" id="tjldesigns-script-main-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-fancybox/vendor/purify.min.js?ver=1732359655" id="fancybox-purify-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-fancybox/fancybox/1.5.4/jquery.fancybox.js?ver=1732359654" id="jquery-fancybox-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jquery-fancybox-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var fb_timeout, fb_opts={'autoScale':true,'showCloseButton':true,'margin':20,'pixelRatio':'false','padding':0,'centerOnScroll':false,'enableEscapeButton':true,'overlayShow':true,'hideOnOverlayClick':true,'overlayColor':'#182E44','overlayOpacity':0.9,'minVpHeight':320,'disableCoreLightbox':'true','enableBlockControls':'true','fancybox_openBlockControls':'true' }; if(typeof easy_fancybox_handler==='undefined'){ var easy_fancybox_handler=function(){ jQuery([".nolightbox","a.wp-block-file__button","a.pin-it-button","a[href*='pinterest.com\/pin\/create']","a[href*='facebook.com\/share']","a[href*='twitter.com\/share']"].join(',')).addClass('nofancybox'); jQuery('a.fancybox-close').on('click',function(e){e.preventDefault();jQuery.fancybox.close()}); /* IMG */ var unlinkedImageBlocks=jQuery(".wp-block-image > img:not(.nofancybox,figure.nofancybox>img)"); unlinkedImageBlocks.wrap(function() { var href = jQuery( this ).attr( "src" ); return "<a href='" + href + "'></a>"; }); var fb_IMG_select=jQuery('a[href*=".jpg" i]:not(.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a,figure.nofancybox>a),area[href*=".jpg" i]:not(.nofancybox),a[href*=".jpeg" i]:not(.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a,figure.nofancybox>a),area[href*=".jpeg" i]:not(.nofancybox),a[href*=".png" i]:not(.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a,figure.nofancybox>a),area[href*=".png" i]:not(.nofancybox),a[href*=".webp" i]:not(.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a,figure.nofancybox>a),area[href*=".webp" i]:not(.nofancybox)'); fb_IMG_select.addClass('fancybox image'); var fb_IMG_sections=jQuery('.gallery,.wp-block-gallery,.tiled-gallery,.wp-block-jetpack-tiled-gallery,.ngg-galleryoverview,.ngg-imagebrowser,.nextgen_pro_blog_gallery,.nextgen_pro_film,.nextgen_pro_horizontal_filmstrip,.ngg-pro-masonry-wrapper,.ngg-pro-mosaic-container,.nextgen_pro_sidescroll,.nextgen_pro_slideshow,.nextgen_pro_thumbnail_grid,.tiled-gallery'); fb_IMG_sections.each(function(){jQuery(this).find(fb_IMG_select).attr('rel','gallery-'+fb_IMG_sections.index(this));}); jQuery('a.fancybox,area.fancybox,.fancybox>a').each(function(){jQuery(this).fancybox(jQuery.extend(true,{},fb_opts,{'transition':'elastic','transitionIn':'elastic','easingIn':'easeOutBack','transitionOut':'elastic','easingOut':'easeInBack','opacity':false,'hideOnContentClick':false,'titleShow':false,'titlePosition':'over','titleFromAlt':false,'showNavArrows':false,'enableKeyboardNav':false,'cyclic':false,'mouseWheel':'false'}))}); /* Inline */ jQuery('a.fancybox-inline,area.fancybox-inline,.fancybox-inline>a').each(function(){jQuery(this).fancybox(jQuery.extend(true,{},fb_opts,{'type':'inline','autoDimensions':true,'scrolling':'no','easingIn':'easeOutBack','easingOut':'easeInBack','opacity':false,'hideOnContentClick':false,'titleShow':false}))}); /* YouTube */ jQuery('a[href*="youtu.be/" i],area[href*="youtu.be/" i],a[href*="youtube.com/" i],area[href*="youtube.com/" i]' ).filter(function(){return this.href.match(/\/(?:youtu\.be|watch\?|embed\/)/);}).not('.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a').addClass('fancybox-youtube'); jQuery('a.fancybox-youtube,area.fancybox-youtube,.fancybox-youtube>a').each(function(){jQuery(this).fancybox(jQuery.extend(true,{},fb_opts,{'type':'iframe','width':1050,'height':599,'keepRatio':1,'aspectRatio':1,'titleShow':false,'titlePosition':'float','titleFromAlt':false,'onStart':function(a,i,o){var splitOn=a[i].href.indexOf("?");var urlParms=(splitOn>-1)?a[i].href.substring(splitOn):"";o.allowfullscreen=(urlParms.indexOf("fs=0")>-1)?false:true;o.href=a[i].href.replace(/https?:\/\/(?:www\.)?youtu(?:\.be\/([^\?]+)\??|be\.com\/watch\?(.*(?=v=))v=([^&]+))(.*)/gi,"https://www.youtube.com/embed/$1$3?$2$4&autoplay=1");}}))}); /* Vimeo */ jQuery('a[href*="vimeo.com/" i],area[href*="vimeo.com/" i]' ).filter(function(){return this.href.match(/\/(?:[0-9]+|video\/)/);}).not('.nofancybox,li.nofancybox>a').addClass('fancybox-vimeo'); jQuery('a.fancybox-vimeo,area.fancybox-vimeo,.fancybox-vimeo>a').each(function(){jQuery(this).fancybox(jQuery.extend(true,{},fb_opts,{'type':'iframe','width':1050,'height':599,'keepRatio':1,'aspectRatio':1,'titleShow':false,'titlePosition':'float','titleFromAlt':false,'onStart':function(a,i,o){var splitOn=a[i].href.indexOf("?");var urlParms=(splitOn>-1)?a[i].href.substring(splitOn):"";o.allowfullscreen=(urlParms.indexOf("fullscreen=0")>-1)?false:true;o.href=a[i].href.replace(/https?:\/\/(?:www\.)?vimeo\.com\/([0-9]+)\??(.*)/gi,"https://player.vimeo.com/video/$1?$2&autoplay=1");}}))}); };}; var easy_fancybox_auto=function(){setTimeout(function(){jQuery('a#fancybox-auto,#fancybox-auto>a').first().trigger('click')},1000);}; jQuery(easy_fancybox_handler);jQuery(document).on('post-load',easy_fancybox_handler); jQuery(easy_fancybox_auto); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.wfw.com/wp-content/plugins/easy-fancybox/vendor/jquery.easing.js?ver=1.4.1" id="jquery-easing-js"></script> </body> </html>