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J.-C.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naissances_en_63_av._J.-C.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Décès" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Décès"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Décès</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Décès-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">63 av. J.-C.</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 93 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2._%D2%9F._63" title="Ҳ. ҟ. 63 – abkhaze" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ҳ. ҟ. 63" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaze" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v.C." title="63 v.C. – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="63 v.C." data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_aC" title="63 aC – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="63 aC" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="63 ق م – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="63 ق م" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D9%82_%D9%85" title="63 ق م – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="63 ق م" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_e.C." title="63 e.C. – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="63 e.C." data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%C9%99._63" title="E.ə. 63 – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="E.ə. 63" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v._Kr." title="63 v. Kr. – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="63 v. Kr." data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD.%D1%8D." title="63 да н.э. – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="63 да н.э." data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD._%D1%8D." title="63 да н. э. – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="63 да н. э." data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B3._%D0%BF%D1%80.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="63 г. пр.н.е. – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="63 г. пр.н.е." data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/-63" title="-63 – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="-63" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/63._p._n._e." title="63. p. n. e. – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="63. p. n. e." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_aC" title="63 aC – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="63 aC" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8ng_63_ni%C3%A8ng" title="Sèng 63 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sèng 63 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_BK" title="63 BK – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="63 BK" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_p%C5%99._n._l." title="63 př. n. l. – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="63 př. n. l." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F._%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%87._63" title="П. эрч. 63 – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="П. эрч. 63" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_CC" title="63 CC – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="63 CC" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v._Chr." title="63 v. Chr. – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="63 v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%CF%80.%CE%A7." title="63 π.Χ. – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="63 π.Χ." data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_BC" title="63 BC – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="63 BC" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/-63" title="-63 – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="-63" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a._C." title="63 a. C. – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="63 a. C." data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_eKr" title="63 eKr – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="63 eKr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K.a._63" title="K.a. 63 – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="K.a. 63" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B6%DB%B3_(%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF)" title="۶۳ (پیش از میلاد) – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۶۳ (پیش از میلاد)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_eaa." title="63 eaa. – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="63 eaa." data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – féroïen" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="féroïen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_RC" title="63 RC – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="63 RC" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/-63" title="-63 – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="-63" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/63._pr._Kr." title="63. pr. Kr. – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="63. pr. Kr." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._e._63" title="I. e. 63 – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. e. 63" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84.%D5%A9.%D5%A1._63" title="Մ.թ.ա. 63 – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մ.թ.ա. 63" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_aEC" title="63 aEC – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="63 aEC" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_SM" title="63 SM – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="63 SM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_aK" title="63 aK – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="63 aK" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C." title="63 a.C. – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="63 a.C." data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%80%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D63%E5%B9%B4" title="紀元前63年 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="紀元前63年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AB%E1%83%95._%E1%83%AC._63" title="ძვ. წ. 63 – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ძვ. წ. 63" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91._%D0%B7._%D0%B4._63_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Б. з. д. 63 жыл – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Б. з. д. 63 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84_63%EB%85%84" title="기원전 63년 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기원전 63년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C.n." title="63 a.C.n. – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="63 a.C.n." data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v._Chr." title="63 v. Chr. – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="63 v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C." title="63 a.C. – ligure" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="63 a.C." data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligure" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_m._pr._m._e." title="63 m. pr. m. e. – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="63 m. pr. m. e." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%BF.%D0%BD.%D0%B5." title="63 п.н.е. – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="63 п.н.е." data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82._%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="इ.स.पू. ६३ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.पू. ६३" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_SM" title="63 SM – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="63 SM" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_AC" title="63 AC – napolitain" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="63 AC" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v._Chr." title="63 v. Chr. – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="63 v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v._Chr." title="63 v. Chr. – bas-saxon néerlandais" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="63 v. Chr." data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="bas-saxon néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A5%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A5%B0_%E0%A5%AC%E0%A5%A9" title="इ॰ पू॰ ६३ – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इ॰ पू॰ ६३" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v.Chr." title="63 v.Chr. – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="63 v.Chr." data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/-63" title="-63 – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="-63" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/-63" title="-63 – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="-63" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_p.n.e." title="63 p.n.e. – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="63 p.n.e." data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C." title="63 a.C. – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="63 a.C." data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_k%C3%B1" title="63 kñ – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="63 kñ" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%C3%AE.Hr." title="63 î.Hr. – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="63 î.Hr." data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D1%8D." title="63 год до н. э. – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="63 год до н. э." data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="63 до н. е. – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="63 до н. е." data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C." title="63 a.C. – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="63 a.C." data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/63._pne." title="63. pne. – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="63. pne." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%B8%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87_63" title="ပီႇၸီႇ 63 – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပီႇၸီႇ 63" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_pred_Kr." title="63 pred Kr. – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="63 pred Kr." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_pr._n._%C5%A1t." title="63 pr. n. št. – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="63 pr. n. št." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_p.e.s." title="63 p.e.s. – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="63 p.e.s." data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/63._%D0%BF._%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="63. п. н. е. – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="63. п. н. е." data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_SM" title="63 SM – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="63 SM" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_f.Kr." title="63 f.Kr. – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="63 f.Kr." data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_KK" title="63 KK – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="63 KK" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_63_%D0%BF.%D0%BC." title="Соли 63 п.м. – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 63 п.м." data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._481" title="พ.ศ. 481 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 481" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/B.e.%C3%B6%C5%88_63" title="B.e.öň 63 – turkmène" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="B.e.öň 63" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_BC" title="63 BC – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="63 BC" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%96_63" title="MÖ 63 – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="MÖ 63" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B5%D0%BB_(%D0%B1._%D1%8D._%D0%BA.)" title="63 ел (б. э. к.) – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="63 ел (б. э. к.)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%BD._%D0%B5." title="63 до н. е. – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="63 до н. е." data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mil._av._63" title="Mil. av. 63 – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mil. av. 63" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_a.C." title="63 a.C. – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="63 a.C." data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_TCN" title="63 TCN – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="63 TCN" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_v.Chr." title="63 v.Chr. – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="63 v.Chr." data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/63_UC" title="63 UC – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="63 UC" 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</div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive" style="width:21em"> <div class="entete" style="background-color: #C0D1E2;"> <div><small>Chronologies</small></div> </div><div class="images"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg/220px-Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg/330px-Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg/440px-Pomp%C3%A9e_dans_le_Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </div> <div class="legend"><i>Pompée dans le Temple de Jérusalem</i>, par <a href="/wiki/Jean_Fouquet" title="Jean Fouquet">Jean Fouquet</a>, vers <a href="/wiki/1470" title="1470">1470</a>-<a href="/wiki/1475" title="1475">1475</a>.</div><table><caption class="hidden" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Données clés</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/66_av._J.-C." title="66 av. J.-C.">-66</a> <a href="/wiki/65_av._J.-C." title="65 av. J.-C.">-65</a> <a href="/wiki/64_av._J.-C." title="64 av. J.-C.">-64</a> <b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">-63</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/62_av._J.-C." title="62 av. J.-C.">-62</a> <a href="/wiki/61_av._J.-C." title="61 av. J.-C.">-61</a> <a href="/wiki/60_av._J.-C." title="60 av. J.-C.">-60</a><br /><small><b>Décennies :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_90_av._J.-C." title="Années 90 av. J.-C.">-90</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_80_av._J.-C." title="Années 80 av. J.-C.">-80</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_70_av._J.-C." title="Années 70 av. J.-C.">-70</a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_60_av._J.-C." title="Années 60 av. J.-C.">-60</a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_50_av._J.-C." title="Années 50 av. J.-C.">-50</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_40_av._J.-C." title="Années 40 av. J.-C.">-40</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_30_av._J.-C." title="Années 30 av. J.-C.">-30</a><br /><small><b>Siècles :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIIe_si%C3%A8cle_av._J.-C." title="IIIe siècle av. J.-C.">-III<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIe_si%C3%A8cle_av._J.-C." title="IIe siècle av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_si%C3%A8cle_av._J.-C." title="Ier siècle av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_si%C3%A8cle" title="Ier siècle">I<sup>er</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IIe siècle">II<sup>e</sup></a><br /><small><b>Millénaires :</b></small><br /><a href="/wiki/IIIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-III<sup>e</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="IIe millénaire av. J.-C.">-II<sup>e</sup></a> <b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire_av._J.-C." title="Ier millénaire av. J.-C.">-I<sup>er</sup></a> </b> <a href="/wiki/Ier_mill%C3%A9naire" title="Ier millénaire">I<sup>er</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/IIe_mill%C3%A9naire" title="IIe millénaire">II<sup>e</sup></a></td> </tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Calendriers</caption> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">Romain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_chinois" title="Calendrier chinois">Chinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_gr%C3%A9gorien" title="Calendrier grégorien">Grégorien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien" title="Calendrier julien">Julien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9bra%C3%AFque" title="Calendrier hébraïque">Hébraïque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_hindou" title="Calendrier hindou">Hindou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_h%C3%A9girien" title="Calendrier hégirien">Hégirien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_persan" title="Calendrier persan">Persan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendrier_r%C3%A9publicain" title="Calendrier républicain">Républicain</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar bordered noprint" style="border-color:#CEE0F2;"><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ann%C3%A9es" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></p></div> <p><i>Cette page concerne l'année <b>63 <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr></b> du <a href="/wiki/Calendrier_julien_proleptique" title="Calendrier julien proleptique">calendrier julien proleptique</a>.</i> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Événements"><span id=".C3.89v.C3.A9nements"></span>Événements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Événements" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Événements"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Début du règne en <a href="/wiki/Inde" title="Inde">Inde</a> de Bhumimitra, roi <a href="/wiki/Kanva" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanva">Kanva</a> du <a href="/wiki/Magadha" title="Magadha">Magadha</a> (fin en <a href="/wiki/49_av._J.-C." title="49 av. J.-C.">49 av. J.-C.</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proche-Orient">Proche-Orient</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Proche-Orient" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Proche-Orient"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Printemps" title="Printemps">Printemps</a> : <ul><li><b>Mort de <a href="/wiki/Mithridate_VI" title="Mithridate VI">Mithridate VI</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Sartre1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sartre1-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Retiré en <a href="/wiki/Crim%C3%A9e" title="Crimée">Crimée</a> dans son <a href="/wiki/Royaume_du_Bosphore" title="Royaume du Bosphore">royaume du Bosphore</a>, Mithridate songe à prendre l’offensive contre Rome par la vallée du Danube. Mais ses sujets se révoltent. Son fils Pharnace se prononce contre lui. Abandonné de tous, Mithridate tente de s’empoisonner, mais il avait pris la précaution de se faire immuniser contre les poisons. Il se fait donner la mort par un de ses soldats <a href="/wiki/Galates" title="Galates">Galates</a><sup id="cite_ref-Mommsen_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mommsen-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Pharnace_II" title="Pharnace II">Pharnace II</a>, fils de Mithridate, ayant poussé ce dernier au suicide, reçoit des Romains en récompense le <a href="/wiki/Royaume_du_Bosphore" title="Royaume du Bosphore">royaume du Bosphore</a> (fin de règne en <a href="/wiki/47_av._J.-C." title="47 av. J.-C.">47 av. J.-C.</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomp%C3%A9e" title="Pompée">Pompée</a> arrive à <a href="/wiki/Damas" title="Damas">Damas</a> pour achever la réorganisation de la <a href="/wiki/Syrie_(province_romaine)" title="Syrie (province romaine)">province de Syrie</a>. Il reçoit des envoyés d’<a href="/wiki/Hyrcan_II" title="Hyrcan II">Hyrcan II</a> et d’<a href="/wiki/Aristobule_II" title="Aristobule II">Aristobule II</a>, alors en guerre pour le trône de Judée, ainsi qu’une délégation de <a href="/wiki/Pharisiens" title="Pharisiens">Pharisiens</a>. Pompée prend le parti d’<a href="/wiki/Hyrcan_II" title="Hyrcan II">Hyrcan II</a> et du gouverneur de <a href="/wiki/Jud%C3%A9e" title="Judée">Judée</a> <a href="/wiki/Antipater_(Jud%C3%A9e)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antipater (Judée)">Antipater</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Formation de la <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9capole_(Proche-Orient)" title="Décapole (Proche-Orient)">Décapole</a> (fin en <a href="/wiki/106" title="106">106</a>), confédération de dix cités-Etats en <a href="/wiki/Jordanie" title="Jordanie">Jordanie</a> dont Philadelphie (<a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a>) et <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Gérasa">Gérasa</a> (Jérash)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89t%C3%A9" title="Été">Été</a> : début du siège de <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9richo" title="Jéricho">Jéricho</a>. Pompée apprend la mort de Mithridate<sup id="cite_ref-Sartre_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sartre-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automne" title="Automne">Automne</a> : <a href="/wiki/Aristobule_II" title="Aristobule II">Aristobule II</a>, vaincu par Pompée dans <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9rusalem" title="Jérusalem">Jérusalem</a>, est emprisonné à Rome<sup id="cite_ref-Sartre_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sartre-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. L’oncle d’Aristobule, Absalon, résiste pendant trois mois sur le <a href="/wiki/Mont_du_Temple" title="Mont du Temple">mont du Temple</a> puis est vaincu. Pompée épargne le <a href="/wiki/Temple_de_J%C3%A9rusalem" title="Temple de Jérusalem">Temple de Jérusalem</a> et ses trésors, après avoir néanmoins pénétré dans le <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9bir" class="mw-redirect" title="Débir">Saint des saints</a> sans l'autorisation du <a href="/wiki/Grand_pr%C3%AAtre_d%27Isra%C3%ABl" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand prêtre d'Israël">Kohen Gadol</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hyrcan_II" title="Hyrcan II">Hyrcan II</a>, confirmé ethnarque et grand prêtre, perd le titre de roi (fin en <a href="/wiki/40_av._J.-C." title="40 av. J.-C.">40 av. J.-C.</a>). La <a href="/wiki/Jud%C3%A9e" title="Judée">Judée</a> devient un protectorat romain et doit payer un tribut<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La Décapole, la <a href="/wiki/Samarie" title="Samarie">Samarie</a> et les villes de la côte sont rattachées à la <a href="/wiki/Syrie_(province_romaine)" title="Syrie (province romaine)">province romaine de Syrie</a> sous la responsabilité de Scaurus<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Début du règne d'<a href="/wiki/Ariobarzane_II_de_Cappadoce" title="Ariobarzane II de Cappadoce">Ariobarzane <abbr class="abbr" title="2"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">II</span></abbr> <i>Philopator</i></a>, roi de <a href="/wiki/Cappadoce" title="Cappadoce">Cappadoce</a> (fin en <a href="/wiki/52_av._J.-C." title="52 av. J.-C.">52 av. J.-C.</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Europe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Europe"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2_novembre" title="2 novembre">2 novembre</a> 64 av. J.-C. (<abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 691 du <a href="/wiki/Calendrier_romain" title="Calendrier romain">calendrier romain</a>) : début à <a href="/wiki/Rome_antique" title="Rome antique">Rome</a> du <a href="/wiki/Consul_(Rome_antique)" title="Consul (Rome antique)">consulat</a> de <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Marcus Tullius Cicero</a> (Cicéron) et <a href="/wiki/Caius_Antonius_Hybrida" title="Caius Antonius Hybrida">Caius Antonius Hybrida</a><sup id="cite_ref-Clément_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clément-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jules_C%C3%A9sar" title="Jules César">Jules César</a> est élu <i><a href="/wiki/Pontifex_maximus" title="Pontifex maximus">pontifex maximus</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><i>Loi Tullia</i> contre la vénalité du corps électoral (loi sur la brigue)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Crise financière à Rome<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les banques romaines exigent le règlement immédiat de toutes les dettes en suspens. La spéculation pousse à l’extrême la crise du logement à Rome.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janvier" title="Janvier">Janvier</a> : <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> s’oppose par trois discours à la proposition de <a href="/wiki/Lex_Servilia" title="Lex Servilia">loi agraire</a> du tribun <a href="/wiki/Servilius_Rullus" class="mw-redirect" title="Servilius Rullus">Servilius Rullus</a> qui prévoyait le lotissement de l’<i>ager campanus</i> et l’envoi de 5 000 colons<sup id="cite_ref-Haury_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haury-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina,_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg/330px-Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg/495px-Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg/660px-Cicer%C3%B3n_denuncia_a_Catilina%2C_por_Cesare_Maccari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron_d%C3%A9nonce_Catilina" title="Cicéron dénonce Catilina">Cicéron dénonce Catilina</a></i>, par Cesare Maccari.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Septembre" title="Septembre">Septembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Catilina" title="Catilina">Catilina</a> brigue le consulat pour <a href="/wiki/62_av._J.-C." title="62 av. J.-C.">62 av. J.-C.</a> mais les candidats de la faction conservatrice, <a href="/wiki/Decimus_Iunius_Silanus_(consul_en_-62)" title="Decimus Iunius Silanus (consul en -62)">D. Junius Silanus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Licinius_Murena" title="Lucius Licinius Murena">L. Murena</a> sont élus. Catilina se résout à la guerre civile<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il envoie C. Manlius à Faesules en <a href="/wiki/%C3%89trurie" title="Étrurie">Étrurie</a>, Septimus de <a href="/wiki/Camerino" title="Camerino">Camerinum</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Picenum" class="mw-redirect" title="Picenum">Picenum</a>, C. Julius en <a href="/wiki/Histoire_des_Pouilles" title="Histoire des Pouilles">Apulie</a> et d’autres encore pour soulever le peuple<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À Rome, il s’efforce de semer le trouble. La <b><a href="/wiki/Conjuration_de_Catilina" title="Conjuration de Catilina">conjuration de Catilina</a></b> est soutenue par le peuple atteint par une crise de ravitaillement et les nobles ruinés par la vente forcée de leurs terres. Catilina promet l’abolition des dettes, la proscription des riches et des magistratures. Il prétend avoir le soutien de Pison en <a href="/wiki/Hispanie_cit%C3%A9rieure" title="Hispanie citérieure">Hispanie citérieure</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Publius_Sittius" title="Publius Sittius">P. Sittius</a> de <a href="/wiki/Nocera_Inferiore" title="Nocera Inferiore">Nucérie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Royaume_de_Maur%C3%A9tanie" title="Royaume de Maurétanie">Maurétanie</a> et du consul <a href="/wiki/Caius_Antonius_Hybrida" title="Caius Antonius Hybrida">Antonius</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23_septembre" title="23 septembre">23 septembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> fait part au <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_romaine" title="Sénat de la République romaine">Sénat romain</a> de la possibilité d’une conjuration<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/21_octobre" title="21 octobre">21 octobre</a> : le Sénat vote le <a href="/wiki/Senatus_consultum_ultimum" title="Senatus consultum ultimum">sénatus-consulte ultime</a> (loi martiale)<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/27_octobre" title="27 octobre">27 octobre</a> : C. Manlius déclenche l’insurrection en <a href="/wiki/%C3%89trurie" title="Étrurie">Étrurie</a> ; le Sénat l’apprend vers le <a href="/wiki/2_novembre" title="2 novembre">2 novembre</a> et prend des mesures militaires<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_novembre" title="6 novembre">6 novembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Catilina" title="Catilina">Catilina</a> réunit les chefs de la conspiration qui décident l’assassinat de Cicéron dès le lendemain. Mais la conjuration est déjouée par Cicéron, prévenu du piège qu’on lui tendait<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_novembre" title="8 novembre">8 novembre</a> :<i><a href="/wiki/Catilinaires" title="Catilinaires">première catilinaire</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Démasqué par <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> en plein <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_romaine" title="Sénat de la République romaine">Sénat</a>, Catilina quitte Rome pour rejoindre l’armée de <a href="/wiki/Manlius" class="mw-redirect" title="Manlius">Manlius</a>, alors que ses partisans (Statilius, Gabinius, <a href="/wiki/Caius_Cornelius_Cethegus_(s%C3%A9nateur)" title="Caius Cornelius Cethegus (sénateur)">Cethegus</a>) ont pour mission de soulever et d’incendier la ville.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9_novembre" title="9 novembre">9 novembre</a> : <i><a href="/wiki/Catilinaires" title="Catilinaires">deuxième catilinaire</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_novembre" title="17 novembre">17 novembre</a> : le Sénat apprend que Catilina a rejoint Manlius et les deux hommes sont déclarés ennemis publics<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Fin <a href="/wiki/Novembre" title="Novembre">novembre</a> : « <i>Pro Murena</i> » de <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> pour défendre le <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Licinius_Murena" title="Lucius Licinius Murena">propréteur de Gaule</a>, élu consul en <a href="/wiki/62_av._J.-C." title="62 av. J.-C.">62 av. J.-C.</a> et accusé de fraude électorale<sup id="cite_ref-Haury_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haury-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Nuit du <a href="/wiki/2_d%C3%A9cembre" title="2 décembre">2</a> au <a href="/wiki/3_d%C3%A9cembre" title="3 décembre">3 décembre</a> : arrestation des <a href="/wiki/Allobroges" title="Allobroges">Allobroges</a> et de Volturcius, porteur de lettres pour Catilina, au <a href="/wiki/Pont_Milvius" title="Pont Milvius">pont Milvius</a><sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_d%C3%A9cembre" title="3 décembre">3 décembre</a> : les conjurés restés à Rome, qui tardaient à agir, sont arrêtés. <i><a href="/wiki/Catilinaires" title="Catilinaires">Troisième catilinaire</a></i> sur la trahison de <a href="/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Lentulus_Sura" title="Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura">Lentulus</a> et de trois autres conspirateurs<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_d%C3%A9cembre" title="5 décembre">5 décembre</a> : le Sénat vote la condamnation à mort des conjurés restés à Rome<sup id="cite_ref-Syme_19-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, malgré l’appel à la clémence de <a href="/wiki/Jules_C%C3%A9sar" title="Jules César">César</a>, et <a href="/wiki/Cic%C3%A9ron" title="Cicéron">Cicéron</a> les fait exécuter immédiatement. Catilina reste en exil à <a href="/wiki/Pistoia" title="Pistoia">Pistoia</a>. .</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naissances_en_63_av._J.-C."><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Naissance_en_63_av._J.-C." title="Catégorie:Naissance en 63 av. J.-C.">Naissances en 63 av. J.-C.</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Naissances en 63 av. J.-C." class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Naissances en 63 av. J.-C."><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23_septembre" title="23 septembre">23 septembre</a> : <b>Caius Julius Caesar Octavianus</b> dit <a href="/wiki/Auguste" title="Auguste">Auguste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_empereurs_romains" title="Liste des empereurs romains">empereur romain</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa" title="Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa">Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa</a>, général et homme politique romain.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Décès"><span id="D.C3.A9c.C3.A8s"></span>Décès</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Décès" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Décès"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Printemps" title="Printemps">Printemps</a> : <a href="/wiki/Mithridate_VI" title="Mithridate VI">Mithridate VI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royaume_du_Pont" title="Royaume du Pont">roi du Pont</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_d%C3%A9cembre" title="5 décembre">5 décembre</a> : <a href="/wiki/Caius_Cornelius_Cethegus_(s%C3%A9nateur)" title="Caius Cornelius Cethegus (sénateur)">Caius Cornelius Cethegus</a> et <a href="/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Lentulus_Sura" title="Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura">Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura</a>, exécutés.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kapur2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kamlesh_Kapur2010">Kamlesh Kapur, <cite class="italique">History of ancient India</cite>, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd, <time>2010</time>, 684 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-81-207-4910-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-81-207-4910-8"><span class="nowrap">978-81-207-4910-8</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=9ic4BjWFmNIC&pg=PA321">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+ancient+India&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers+Pvt.+Ltd&rft.aulast=Kapur&rft.aufirst=Kamlesh&rft.date=2010&rft.tpages=684&rft.isbn=978-81-207-4910-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sartre1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Sartre1_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sartre2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Sartre2005">Maurice Sartre, <cite class="italique">The Middle East under Rome</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>, <time>2005</time>, 665 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-674-01683-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-674-01683-5"><span class="nowrap">978-0-674-01683-5</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=9y7nTpFcN3AC&pg=PA391">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East+under+Rome&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.aulast=Sartre&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft.date=2005&rft.tpages=665&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01683-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mommsen-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Mommsen_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mommsen1868"><span class="ouvrage" id="Theodor_Mommsen1868">Theodor Mommsen, <cite class="italique">Histoire Romaine</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 6, Paris, A. Franck, <time>1868</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=xxKB3qrnKLEC&pg=PA281">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+Romaine&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=A.+Franck&rft.aulast=Mommsen&rft.aufirst=Theodor&rft.date=1868&rft.volume=6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hadas-Lebel2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mireille_Hadas-Lebel2006">Mireille Hadas-Lebel, <cite class="italique">Jerusalem against Rome</cite>, Peeters Publishers, <time>2006</time>, 581 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-90-429-1687-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-90-429-1687-6"><span class="nowrap">978-90-429-1687-6</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=jB-RRVgcsGgC&pg=PA21">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jerusalem+against+Rome&rft.pub=Peeters+Publishers&rft.aulast=Hadas-Lebel&rft.aufirst=Mireille&rft.date=2006&rft.tpages=581&rft.isbn=978-90-429-1687-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Isaac1998"><span class="ouvrage" id="Benjamin_H._Isaac1998">Benjamin H. Isaac, <cite class="italique">The Near East Under Roman Rule : Selected Papers</cite>, BRILL, <time>1998</time>, 481 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-90-04-10736-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-90-04-10736-6"><span class="nowrap">978-90-04-10736-6</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=jjcPG5UInzgC&pg=PA317">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Near+East+Under+Roman+Rule&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.stitle=Selected+Papers&rft.aulast=Isaac&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+H.&rft.date=1998&rft.tpages=481&rft.isbn=978-90-04-10736-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sartre-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sartre_6-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Sartre_6-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Sartre2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Maurice_Sartre2001">Maurice Sartre, <cite class="italique">D'Alexandre à Zénobie : Histoire du Levant antique (<abbr class="abbr" title="4ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="avant Jésus-Christ">av. J.-C.</abbr> : <span class="nowrap"><abbr class="abbr" title="3ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">III</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <abbr class="abbr nowrap" title="après Jésus-Christ">apr. J.-C.</abbr></span></cite>, <a href="/wiki/Librairie_Arth%C3%A8me_Fayard" title="Librairie Arthème Fayard">Fayard</a>, <time>2001</time>, 1200 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-213-64069-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-213-64069-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-213-64069-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=N5zBrssLDTQC&pg=PAPT540">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=D%27Alexandre+%C3%A0+Z%C3%A9nobie+%3A+Histoire+du+Levant+antique+%28IVe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle%26nbsp%3Bav.+J.-C.+%3A+IIIe%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle+apr.+J.-C.&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.aulast=Sartre&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft.date=2001&rft.tpages=1200&rft.isbn=978-2-213-64069-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bromiley1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Geoffrey_W._Bromiley1995">Geoffrey W. Bromiley, <cite class="italique">International Standard Bible Encyclopedia : E-J</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 2, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, <time>1995</time>, 1175 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-8028-3782-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-8028-3782-0"><span class="nowrap">978-0-8028-3782-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=yklDk6Vv0l4C&pg=PA625">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Standard+Bible+Encyclopedia+%3A+E-J&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.aulast=Bromiley&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+W.&rft.date=1995&rft.volume=2&rft.tpages=1175&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3782-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="C._Leaney1984"><span class="ouvrage" id="A._R._C._Leaney1984">A. R. C. Leaney, <cite class="italique">The Jewish and Christian World 200 BC to AD 200</cite>, CUP Archive, <time>1984</time>, 259 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-521-28557-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-521-28557-5"><span class="nowrap">978-0-521-28557-5</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=SwA4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA94">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+and+Christian+World+200+BC+to+AD+200&rft.pub=CUP+Archive&rft.aulast=C.+Leaney&rft.aufirst=A.+R.&rft.date=1984&rft.tpages=259&rft.isbn=978-0-521-28557-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mørkholm1991"><span class="ouvrage" id="Otto_Mørkholm1991">Otto Mørkholm, <cite class="italique">Early Hellenistic Coinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamaea (336-188 BC)</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, <time>1991</time>, 273 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-521-39504-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-521-39504-5"><span class="nowrap">978-0-521-39504-5</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=U_5Ez0kAOuIC&pg=PA194">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Hellenistic+Coinage+from+the+Accession+of+Alexander+to+the+Peace+of+Apamaea+%28336-188+BC%29&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=M%C3%B8rkholm&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft.date=1991&rft.tpages=273&rft.isbn=978-0-521-39504-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clément-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-Clément_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clémentde_Saint-Allais1820"><span class="ouvrage" id="François_ClémentViton_de_Saint-Allais1820">François Clément et Viton de Saint-Allais, <cite class="italique">L'Art de vérifier les dates</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 5, Paris, Moreau, <time>1820</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=jaJPmFkQAiYC&pg=PA750">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27Art+de+v%C3%A9rifier+les+dates&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Moreau&rft.aulast=Cl%C3%A9ment&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Viton+de+Saint-Allais&rft.date=1820&rft.volume=5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin,_Alain_Chauvot,_Mireille_Cébeillac-Gervasoni2010"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Pierre_Martin,_Alain_Chauvot,_Mireille_Cébeillac-Gervasoni2010">Jean-Pierre Martin, Alain Chauvot, Mireille Cébeillac-Gervasoni, <cite class="italique">Histoire romaine</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Armand_Colin" title="Armand Colin">Armand Colin</a>, <time>2010</time>, 480 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-200-25838-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-200-25838-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-200-25838-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=zJnAd3Xj32sC&pg=PAPT211">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+romaine&rft.pub=Armand+Colin&rft.au=Jean-Pierre+Martin%2C+Alain+Chauvot%2C+Mireille+C%C3%A9beillac-Gervasoni&rft.date=2010&rft.tpages=480&rft.isbn=978-2-200-25838-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Homo1970"><span class="ouvrage" id="Léon_Homo1970">Léon Homo, <cite class="italique">Les Institutions politiques romaines</cite>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Albin_Michel" title="Éditions Albin Michel">Albin Michel</a>, <time>1970</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-226-19845-7" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-226-19845-7"><span class="nowrap">978-2-226-19845-7</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=jo37wHQJWfgC&pg=PA178">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Institutions+politiques+romaines&rft.pub=Albin+Michel&rft.aulast=Homo&rft.aufirst=L%C3%A9on&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-2-226-19845-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Yaʻvets,_Irad_Malkin,_Z._W._Rubinsohn1995"><span class="ouvrage" id="Zvi_Yaʻvets,_Irad_Malkin,_Z._W._Rubinsohn1995">Zvi Yaʻvets, Irad Malkin, Z. W. Rubinsohn, <cite class="italique">Leaders and Masses in the Roman World : Studies in Honor of Zvi Yavetz</cite>, BRILL, <time>1995</time>, 243 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-90-04-09917-3" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-90-04-09917-3"><span class="nowrap">978-90-04-09917-3</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=zlp5orrpC4gC&pg=PA15">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leaders+and+Masses+in+the+Roman+World&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.stitle=Studies+in+Honor+of+Zvi+Yavetz&rft.au=Zvi+Ya%CA%BBvets%2C+Irad+Malkin%2C+Z.+W.+Rubinsohn&rft.date=1995&rft.tpages=243&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09917-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haury-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Haury_14-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Haury_14-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Haury1955"><span class="ouvrage" id="Auguste_Haury1955"><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Haury" title="Auguste Haury">Auguste Haury</a>, <cite class="italique">L'ironie et l'humour chez Cicéron</cite>, Brill Archive, <time>1955</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=YsoUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA130">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27ironie+et+l%27humour+chez+Cic%C3%A9ron&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.aulast=Haury&rft.aufirst=Auguste&rft.date=1955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="DuroisinGehu"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_DuroisinAurore_Gehu">Pierre Duroisin et Aurore Gehu, <cite class="italique">Lucerna</cite>, <a href="/wiki/De_Boeck" title="De Boeck">De Boeck</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-8041-1837-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-8041-1837-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-8041-1837-2</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=dPWk7wNRbEcC&pg=PA82">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lucerna&rft.pub=De+Boeck&rft.aulast=Duroisin&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.au=Aurore+Gehu&rft.isbn=978-2-8041-1837-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="de_Vertot1819"><span class="ouvrage" id="abbé_de_Vertot1819">abbé de Vertot, <cite class="italique">Histoire des révolutions de la République romaine</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 3, Paris, Louis Janet, <time>1819</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Gv1DAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA173">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+des+r%C3%A9volutions+de+la+R%C3%A9publique+romaine&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Louis+Janet&rft.au=abb%C3%A9+de+Vertot&rft.date=1819&rft.volume=3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Juste"><span class="ouvrage" id="Théodore_Juste">Théodore Juste, <cite class="italique">Précis de l'Histoire romaine</cite>, Bruxelles, Jamar <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=Q_NaAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA192">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pr%C3%A9cis+de+l%27Histoire+romaine&rft.place=Bruxelles&rft.pub=Jamar&rft.aulast=Juste&rft.aufirst=Th%C3%A9odore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grimal1986"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Grimal1986"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Grimal" title="Pierre Grimal">Pierre <span class="nom_auteur">Grimal</span></a>, <cite class="italique">Cicéron</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Fayard_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fayard (maison d'édition)">Fayard</a>, <time>1986</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-213-01786-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-213-01786-0"><span class="nowrap">978-2-213-01786-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=YaWRga6Szl0C&pg=PAPT404">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cic%C3%A9ron&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.aulast=Grimal&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-2-213-01786-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Syme-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-7">h</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Syme_19-8">i</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Syme1982"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ronald_Syme1982">Ronald Syme, <cite class="italique">Salluste</cite>, Presses Univ. Franche-Comté, <time>1982</time>, 326 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-251-60282-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-251-60282-0"><span class="nowrap">978-2-251-60282-0</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=RWc_8mSnHksC&pg=PA69">présentation en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salluste&rft.pub=Presses+Univ.+Franche-Comt%C3%A9&rft.aulast=Syme&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1982&rft.tpages=326&rft.isbn=978-2-251-60282-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A63+av.+J.-C."></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/date/-0063/">L’année 63 av. J.-C.</a> sur le site de la <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_antique" title="Portail du monde antique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/32px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/48px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg/64px-Agrigente_Temple_concorde2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_antique" title="Portail:Monde antique">Portail du monde antique</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&oldid=216030787">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=63_av._J.-C.&oldid=216030787</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégorie</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:63_av._J.-C." title="Catégorie:63 av. J.-C.">63 av. 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