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id="toc-Plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Operas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_entre_els_taures" title="Ifigenia entre els taures – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ifigenia entre els taures" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dfigenie_v_Taurid%C4%9B" title="Ífigenie v Tauridě – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ífigenie v Tauridě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_i_Tauris" title="Ifigenia i Tauris – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ifigenia i Tauris" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%82" title="Ιφιγένεια εν Ταύροις – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιφιγένεια εν Ταύροις" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_entre_los_tauros" title="Ifigenia entre los tauros – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ifigenia entre los tauros" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_(Euripide)" title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Euripide) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Euripide)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%80%EC%9A%B0%EB%A6%AC%EC%BC%80%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%B4%ED%94%BC%EA%B2%8C%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%84" title="타우리케의 이피게네이아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="타우리케의 이피게네이아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigeneia_%C3%AD_T%C3%A1ris" title="Ifigeneia í Táris – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ifigeneia í Táris" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_in_Tauride" title="Ifigenia in Tauride – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ifigenia in Tauride" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%98%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1" title="איפיגניה בטאוריס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איפיגניה בטאוריס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris" title="Iphigenia in Tauris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iphigenia in Tauris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphigeneia_in_Tauris" title="Iphigeneia in Tauris – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Iphigeneia in Tauris" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B1%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A4%E3%83%94%E3%82%B2%E3%83%8D%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2" title="タウリケのイピゲネイア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タウリケのイピゲネイア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigeneia_i_taurernes_land" title="Ifigeneia i taurernes land – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ifigeneia i taurernes land" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_w_Taurydzie" title="Ifigenia w Taurydzie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ifigenia w Taurydzie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_%C3%AEn_Taurida" title="Ifigenia în Taurida – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ifigenia în Taurida" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Ифигения в Тавриде – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ифигения в Тавриде" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenija_na_Tauridi" title="Ifigenija na Tauridi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ifigenija na Tauridi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigeneia_taurien_mailla" title="Ifigeneia taurien mailla – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ifigeneia taurien mailla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifigenia_i_Tauris" title="Ifigenia i Tauris – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ifigenia i Tauris" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iphigenia_sa_Tauris" title="Iphigenia sa Tauris – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Iphigenia sa Tauris" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0phigeneia_Tauris%27te" title="İphigeneia Tauris'te – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İphigeneia Tauris'te" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_(%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4)" title="Іфігенія у таврів (Евріпід) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іфігенія у таврів (Евріпід)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q523227#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the adaptation by Goethe, see <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_(Goethe)" title="Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)">Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)</a>. For the operatic adaptation by Christoph Willibald Gluck, see <a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride" title="Iphigénie en Tauride">Iphigénie en Tauride</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-style: italic">Iphigenia in Tauris</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg/220px-Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg/330px-Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg/440px-Anselm_Feuerbach_-_Iphigenie2_-_1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1140" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Iphigenie</i> (1871) by <a href="/wiki/Anselm_Feuerbach" title="Anselm Feuerbach">Anselm Feuerbach</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data description"><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Chorus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> Slave Women</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Characters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Orestes_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orestes (mythology)">Orestes</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a><br />King <a href="/wiki/Thoas_(king_of_the_Taurians)" title="Thoas (king of the Taurians)">Thoas</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a><br />herdsman<br />servant</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Place premiered</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Classical_Athens" title="Classical Athens">Athens</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">Tragedy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Setting</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Taurica">Taurica</a>, a region of <a href="/wiki/Scythia" title="Scythia">Scythia</a> in the northern <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Iphigenia in Tauris</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Ταύροις</span>, <i>Iphigeneia en Taurois</i>) is a drama by the playwright <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>, written between 414 BC and 412 BC. It has much in common with another of Euripides's plays, <i><a href="/wiki/Helen_(play)" title="Helen (play)">Helen</a></i>, as well as the lost play <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(Euripides)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda (Euripides)">Andromeda</a></i>, and is often described as a <a href="/wiki/Romance_(heroic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (heroic literature)">romance</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">melodrama</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Tragi-comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tragi-comedy">tragi-comedy</a> or an escape play.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the play is generally known in English as <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i>, this is, strictly speaking, the Latin title of the play (corresponding to the Greek Ἰφιγένεια ἐν Ταύροις), the meaning of which is <i><b>Iphigenia among the Taurians</b></i>. There is no such place as "Tauris" in Euripides' play, although <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a>, in his play <i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_(Goethe)" title="Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)">Iphigenie auf Tauris</a></i> ironically utilising this translation error, posits such a place.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name refers to the <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimean Peninsula</a> (ancient <i>Taurikḗ</i>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Years before the time period covered by the play, the young <a href="/wiki/Princess" title="Princess">princess</a> <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a> narrowly avoided death by <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">sacrifice</a> at the hands of her father, <a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a>. (See plot of <i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Aulis" title="Iphigenia in Aulis">Iphigenia at Aulis</a></i>.) At the last moment the <a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">goddess</a> <a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a>, to whom the sacrifice was to be made, intervened and replaced Iphigenia on the altar with a deer, saving the girl and sweeping her off to <a href="/wiki/Taurica" class="mw-redirect" title="Taurica">the land of the Taurians</a>. She has since been made a priestess at the temple of Artemis in Taurica, a position in which she has the gruesome task of ritually sacrificing foreigners who land on <a href="/wiki/Thoas_(king_of_the_Taurians)" title="Thoas (king of the Taurians)">King Thoas</a>'s shores. </p><p>Iphigenia hates her forced religious servitude and is desperate to contact her family in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>. She wants to inform them that, thanks to the miraculous swap performed by Artemis, she is still alive and wants to return to her homeland, leaving the role of high priestess to someone else. Furthermore, she has had a prophetic dream about her younger brother <a href="/wiki/Orestes_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orestes (mythology)">Orestes</a> and believes that he is dead. </p><p>Meanwhile, Orestes has killed his mother <a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a> to avenge his father <a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a> with assistance from his friend <a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a>. He becomes haunted by the <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a> for committing the crime and goes through periodic fits of madness. He is told by <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> to go to <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> to be brought to trial (as portrayed in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oresteia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Oresteia">Eumenides</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>). Although the trial ends in his favour, the Erinyes continue to haunt him. Apollo sends him to steal a sacred statue of Artemis to bring back to Athens so that he may be set free. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The scene represents the front of the temple of <a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a> in the land of the Taurians (presently, the Crimean peninsula). The altar is in the center. </p><p>The play begins with <a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a> reflecting on her brother's death. She recounts her "sacrifice" at the hands of <a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a>, and how she was saved by Artemis and made priestess in this temple. She has had a dream in which the structure of her family's house crashed down in ruins, leaving only a single column which she then washed clean as if preparing it for ritual sacrifice. She interprets this dream to mean that <a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a> is dead. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pylades" title="Pylades">Pylades</a> enter, having just arrived in this land. Orestes was sent by <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> to retrieve the image of Artemis from the temple, and Pylades has accompanied him. Orestes explains that he has avenged Agamemnon's death by killing <a href="/wiki/Clytaemnestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Clytaemnestra">Clytaemnestra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a>. The two decide to hide and make a plan to retrieve the idol without being captured. They know that the Taurians sacrifice Hellene blood in their temple of Artemis. Orestes and Pylades exit. Iphigenia enters and discusses her sad life with the chorus, composed of captive Greek maidens, attendants of Iphigenia. She believes that her father's bloodline has ended with the death of Orestes. </p><p>A herdsman enters and explains to Iphigenia that he has captured two Hellenes and that Iphigenia should make ready the lustral water and the rites of consecration. The herdsman heard one called Pylades by the other, but did not hear the name of the other. Iphigenia tells the herdsmen to bring the strangers to the temple, and says that she will prepare to sacrifice them. The herdsman leaves to fetch the strangers. Iphigenia explains that she was tricked into going to Aulis, through the treachery of <a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a>. She was told that she was being married to Achilles, but upon arriving in Aulis, she discovered that she was going to be sacrificed by Agamemnon. Now, she presides over the sacrifices of any Hellene trespassers in the land of the Taurians, to avenge the crimes against her. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Benjamin_West_-_Pylades_and_Orestes_Brought_as_Victims_before_Iphigenia_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3464" data-file-height="2699" /></a><figcaption><i>Pylades and Orestes Brought as Victims before Iphigenia</i> (1766) by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West">Benjamin West</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Orestes and Pylades enter in bonds. Iphigenia demands that the prisoners' bonds be loosened, because they are hallowed. The attendants to Iphigenia leave to prepare for the sacrifice. Iphigenia asks Orestes his origins, but Orestes refuses to tell Iphigenia his name. Iphigenia finds out which of the two is Pylades and that they are from Argos. Iphigenia asks Orestes many questions, especially of Greeks who fought in Troy. She asks if Helen has returned home to the house of Menelaus, and of the fates of Calchas, Odysseus, Achilles, and Agamemnon. Orestes informs Iphigenia that Agamemnon is dead, but that his son lives. Upon hearing this, Iphigenia decides that she wants one of the strangers to return a letter to Argos, and that she will only sacrifice one of them. Orestes demands that he be sacrificed, and that Pylades be sent home with the letter, because Orestes brought Pylades on this trip, and it would not be right for Pylades to die while Orestes lives. </p><p>Pylades promises to deliver the letter unless his boat is shipwrecked and the letter is lost. Iphigenia then recites the letter to Pylades so that, if it is lost, he can still relay the message. She recites: </p> <blockquote> <p><i>She that was sacrificed in Aulis send this message, Iphigenia, still alive, though dead to those at Argos. Fetch me back to Argos, my brother, before I die. Rescue me from this barbarian land, free me from this slaughterous priesthood, in which it is my office to kill strangers. Else I shall become a curse upon your house, Orestes. Goddess Artemis saved me and substituted a deer, which my father sacrificed believing he was thrusting the sharp blade into me. Then she brought me to stay in this land.</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>During this recitation, Orestes asks Pylades what he should do, having realized that he was standing in front of his sister. </p><p>Orestes reveals his identity to Iphigenia, who demands proof. First, Orestes recounts how Iphigenia embroidered the scene of the quarrel between <a href="/wiki/Atreus" title="Atreus">Atreus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thyestes" title="Thyestes">Thyestes</a> on a fine web. Orestes also spoke of Pelops’ ancient spear, which he brandished in his hands when he killed <a href="/wiki/Oenomaus" title="Oenomaus">Oenomaus</a> and won <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(daughter_of_Oenomaus)" title="Hippodamia (daughter of Oenomaus)">Hippodamia</a>, the maid of Pisa, which was hidden away in Iphigenia's maiden chamber. This is evidence enough for Iphigenia, who embraces Orestes. Orestes explains that he has come to this land by the bidding of Phoebus's oracle, and that if he is successful, he might finally be free of the haunting <a href="/wiki/Erinyes" title="Erinyes">Erinyes</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg/220px-Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg/330px-Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg/440px-Iphigenia%27s_escape_from_Tauris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3714" data-file-height="2636" /></a><figcaption><i>Iphigenia's escape from Tauris</i>. Ancient Roman relief, end of a marble sarchophagus. Middle of the 2nd century A.D.</figcaption></figure> <p>Orestes, Pylades, and Iphigenia plan an escape whereby Iphigenia will claim that the strangers need to be cleansed in order to be sacrificed and will take them to the bay where their ship is anchored. Additionally, Iphigenia will bring the statue that Orestes was sent to retrieve. Orestes and Pylades exit into the temple. <a href="/wiki/Thoas_(king_of_the_Taurians)" title="Thoas (king of the Taurians)">Thoas</a>, king of the Taurians, enters and asks whether or not the first rites have been performed over the strangers. Iphigenia has just retrieved the statue from the temple and explains that when the strangers were brought in front of the statue, the statue turned and closed its eyes. Iphigenia interprets it thus to Thoas: The strangers arrived with the blood of kin on their hands and they must be cleansed. Also, the statue must be cleansed. Iphigenia explains that she would like to clean the strangers and the statue in the sea, to make for a purer sacrifice. Thoas agrees that this must be done, and suspects nothing. Iphigenia tells Thoas that he must remain at the temple and cleanse the hall with torches, and that she may take a long time. All three exit the stage. </p><p>A messenger enters, shouting that the strangers have escaped. Thoas enters from the temple, asking what all the noise is about. The messenger explains Iphigenia's lies and that the strangers fought some of the natives, then escaped on their Hellene ship with the priestess and the statue. Thoas calls upon the citizens of his land to run along the shore and catch the ship. <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> enters and explains to Thoas that he shouldn't be angry. She addresses Iphigenia, telling her to be priestess at the sacred terraces of <a href="/wiki/Brauron" title="Brauron">Brauron</a>, and she tells Orestes that she is saving him again. Thoas heeds Athena's words, because whoever hears the words of the gods and heeds them not is out of his mind. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Date">Date</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Date"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg/350px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg/525px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg/700px-Pompeii_-_Casa_dei_Vettii_-_Triclinium_-_Iphigeneia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2232" data-file-height="829" /></a><figcaption><i>Iphigenia in Tauride</i>, decoration in <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The exact date of <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i> is unknown. <a href="/wiki/Metre_(poetry)" title="Metre (poetry)">Metrical</a> analysis by Zielinski indicated a date between 414 and 413 BCE, but later analysis by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Cropp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Cropp (page does not exist)">Martin Cropp</a> and Gordon Fick using more sophisticated <a href="/wiki/Statistics" title="Statistics">statistical</a> techniques indicated a wider range of 416 to 412 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plot of <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i> is similar to that of Euripides' <i><a href="/wiki/Helen_(play)" title="Helen (play)">Helen</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(Euripides)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andromeda (Euripides)">Andromeda</a></i>, both of which are known to have been first performed in 412. This has often been taken as a reason to reject 412 as the date for <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i>, since that would mean three similar plays would have been performed in the same <a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">trilogy</a>. However, Matthew Wright believes the plot and other stylistic similarities between the three plays indicates that they most likely were produced as part of the same trilogy in 412.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among Wright's reasons are the fact that although the plots are similar they are not identical, and that this type of escape plot may have been particularly relevant in 412 at the first <a href="/wiki/Dionysia" title="Dionysia">Dionysia</a> after Athens' failed <a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Expedition" title="Sicilian Expedition">Sicilian Expedition</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, other than this play and the two plays known to date to 412, we do not know of any such escape plays by Euripides; if he produced two that year, why not three, which might make a particularly strong impression if the escape theme was one Euripides wished to emphasize that year.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> overtly parodied <i>Helen</i> and <i>Andromeda</i> in his comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Thesmophoriazusae" title="Thesmophoriazusae">Thesmophoriazusae</a></i>, produced in 411, and Wright sees a more subtle parody of <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i> in the final escape plan attempted in <i>Thesmophoriazusae</i> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translations">Translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Potter_(translator)" title="Robert Potter (translator)">Robert Potter</a>, 1781 – verse: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050925194929/http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/e/euripides/ip_tauri/">full text</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_P._Coleridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward P. Coleridge (page does not exist)">Edward P. Coleridge</a>, 1891 – prose</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Murray" title="Gilbert Murray">Gilbert Murray</a>, 1910 – verse: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=5063">full text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_S._Way" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur S. Way">Arthur S. Way</a>, 1912 – verse</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Augustus_T._Murray&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augustus T. Murray (page does not exist)">Augustus T. Murray</a>, 1931 – prose</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Hadas" title="Moses Hadas">Moses Hadas</a> and John McLean, 1936 - prose <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Robert Potter, 1938 – prose: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0112">full text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witter_Bynner" title="Witter Bynner">Witter Bynner</a>, 1956 – verse</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Lattimore" title="Richmond Lattimore">Richmond Lattimore</a>, 1973</li> <li>Philip Vellacott, 1974 – prose and verse</li> <li>David Kovacs, 1999 – prose</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Davie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Davie (page does not exist)">J. Davie</a>, 2002</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Morwood" title="James Morwood">James Morwood</a>, 2002</li> <li>George Theodoridis, 2009 – prose: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bacchicstage.wordpress.com/euripides/iphigeneia-in-tauris/">full text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Carson" title="Anne Carson">Anne Carson</a>, 2014</li> <li>Brian Vinero, 2014: verse<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_works_inspired_by_the_play">Later works inspired by the play</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later works inspired by the play"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_(1893).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG/220px-Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG/330px-Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG/440px-Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_V.Serov_%281893%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption><i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i> (1893) by <a href="/wiki/Valentin_Serov" title="Valentin Serov">Valentin Serov</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Painting">Painting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Painting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wall painting at House of the Citharist, Pompeii (pre-79 AD.)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sculpture">Sculpture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sculpture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roman relief carving around stone column discovered in <a href="/wiki/Fittleworth" title="Fittleworth">Fittleworth</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Sussex" title="West Sussex">West Sussex</a> (1st century AD.)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plays">Plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charition_mime" title="Charition mime">Charition mime</a> (2nd century) is possibly a parody of <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i>. Like Iphigenia, Charition is kept captive at a temple in a distant land (India). Her brother and a clown arrive in India, and rescue her by tricking the local king.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Guimond de la Touche, <i>Iphigénie en Tauride</i> (1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_(Goethe)" title="Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)">Iphigenie auf Tauris</a></i> (1787)</li> <li>Jeff Ho (Ho Ka Kei) (Canadian Playwright), "Iphigenia and the Furies (On Taurian Land)." (Produced 2019, Published 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operas">Operas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Operas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Campra" title="André Campra">André Campra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henri_Desmarets" title="Henri Desmarets">Henri Desmarets</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_(Desmarets_and_Campra)" title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Desmarets and Campra)">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1704)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">George Frideric Handel</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oreste" title="Oreste">Oreste</a></i> (1734)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Nebra" title="José de Nebra">José de Nebra</a>, <i>Para obsequio a la deydad, nunca es culto la crueldad. Iphigenia en Tracia</i> (1747)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Traetta" title="Tommaso Traetta">Tommaso Traetta</a>, <i>Ifigenia in Tauride</i> (1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Willibald_von_Gluck" class="mw-redirect" title="Christoph Willibald von Gluck">Gluck</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride" title="Iphigénie en Tauride">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1779), the most famous operatic version of the story</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Piccinni" title="Niccolò Piccinni">Niccolò Piccinni</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_(Piccinni)" title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Piccinni)">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1781)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iphigenia_in_Tauris&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWright,_M.2005" class="citation book cs1">Wright, M. (2005). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesescapet00wrig"><i>Euripides' Escape-Tragedies: A Study of Helen, Andromeda, and Iphigenia among the Taurians</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesescapet00wrig/page/n15">7</a>–14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927451-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927451-2"><bdi>978-0-19-927451-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Euripides%27+Escape-Tragedies%3A+A+Study+of+Helen%2C+Andromeda%2C+and+Iphigenia+among+the+Taurians&rft.pages=7-14&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-927451-2&rft.au=Wright%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feuripidesescapet00wrig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKitto,_H.D.F.1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/H._D._F._Kitto" title="H. D. F. Kitto">Kitto, H.D.F.</a> (1966). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greektragedylite00kitt_372"><i>Greek Tragedy</i></a></span>. Routledge. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greektragedylite00kitt_372/page/n321">311</a>–329. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-05896-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-05896-1"><bdi>0-415-05896-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Tragedy&rft.pages=311-329&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=0-415-05896-1&rft.au=Kitto%2C+H.D.F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreektragedylite00kitt_372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Parker, L.P.E. (2016) <i>Iphigenia in Tauris</i>. Oxford. p. lxxii n. 143. See, moreover, the review of Parker's edition by M. Lloyd, in <i>Acta Classica</i> 59 (2016) p. 228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Euripides. <i>Iphigenia Among the Taurians.</i> Trans. Moses Hadas and John McLean. New York: Bantam Dell, 2006. Print. Pages 294-295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wright-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wright_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wright_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWright,_M.2005" class="citation book cs1">Wright, M. (2005). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesescapet00wrig"><i>Euripides' Escape-Tragedies: A Study of Helen, Andromeda, and Iphigenia among the Taurians</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/euripidesescapet00wrig/page/n51">43</a>–51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927451-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927451-2"><bdi>978-0-19-927451-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Euripides%27+Escape-Tragedies%3A+A+Study+of+Helen%2C+Andromeda%2C+and+Iphigenia+among+the+Taurians&rft.pages=43-51&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-927451-2&rft.au=Wright%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feuripidesescapet00wrig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moses Hadas and John McLean (trans.), <i>Ten Plays by Euripides</i> (New York: Dial Press, 1936).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pwcenter.org/plays/iphigenia-at-tauris/">"Iphigenia at Tauris"</a>. <i>pwcenter.org</i>. 7 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pwcenter.org&rft.atitle=Iphigenia+at+Tauris&rft.date=2019-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpwcenter.org%2Fplays%2Fiphigenia-at-tauris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlackEdgarHaywardHenig2012" class="citation journal cs1">Black, E.; Edgar, J.; Hayward, K.M.J.; Henig, M. (2012). "A New Sculpture of Iphigenia in Tauris". <i>Britannia</i>. <b>43</b>: <span class="nowrap">243–</span>249. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0068113X12000244">10.1017/S0068113X12000244</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Britannia&rft.atitle=A+New+Sculpture+of+Iphigenia+in+Tauris&rft.volume=43&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E243-%3C%2Fspan%3E249&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0068113X12000244&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Edgar%2C+J.&rft.au=Hayward%2C+K.M.J.&rft.au=Henig%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jonedgar.co.uk/supporting_material/britannia-2012-iphigenia/">"Britannia 2012 – Iphigenia | Jon Edgar"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Britannia+2012+%E2%80%93+Iphigenia+%26%23124%3B+Jon+Edgar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jonedgar.co.uk%2Fsupporting_material%2Fbritannia-2012-iphigenia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJack_Lindsay1963" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lindsay" title="Jack Lindsay">Jack Lindsay</a> (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1hIOAQAAIAAJ"><i>Daily Life in Roman Egypt</i></a>. F. Muller. p. 183.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Daily+Life+in+Roman+Egypt&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=F.+Muller&rft.date=1963&rft.au=Jack+Lindsay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1hIOAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIphigenia+in+Tauris" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Playwrights Canada Press <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.playwrightscanada.com/Books/I/Iphigenia-and-the-Furies-On-Taurian-Land-Antigone">https://www.playwrightscanada.com/Books/I/Iphigenia-and-the-Furies-On-Taurian-Land-Antigone</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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(play)">Hecuba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Suppliants_(Euripides)" title="The Suppliants (Euripides)">The Suppliants</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Euripides_play)" title="Electra (Euripides play)">Electra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herakles_(Euripides)" title="Herakles (Euripides)">Herakles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Trojan_Women" title="The Trojan Women">The Trojan Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ion_(play)" title="Ion (play)">Ion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Helen_(play)" title="Helen (play)">Helen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Phoenician_Women" title="The Phoenician Women">The Phoenician Women</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orestes_(play)" title="Orestes (play)">Orestes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bacchae" title="The Bacchae">Bacchae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Aulis" title="Iphigenia in Aulis">Iphigenia in Aulis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhesus_(play)" title="Rhesus (play)">Rhesus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost and<br />fragmentary plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmaeon_in_Corinth" title="Alcmaeon in Corinth">Alcmaeon in Corinth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmaeon_in_Psophis" title="Alcmaeon in Psophis">Alcmaeon in Psophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(play)" title="Andromeda (play)">Andromeda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antigone_(Euripides_play)" title="Antigone (Euripides play)">Antigone</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Archelaus_(play)" title="Archelaus (play)">Archelaus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon_(play)" title="Bellerophon (play)">Bellerophon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cresphontes_(play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cresphontes (play)">Cresphontes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypsipyle_(play)" title="Hypsipyle (play)">Hypsipyle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_(Euripides)" title="Oedipus (Euripides)">Oedipus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peliades" title="Peliades">Peliades</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phaethon_(play)" title="Phaethon (play)">Phaethon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philoctetes_(Euripides_play)" title="Philoctetes (Euripides play)">Philoctetes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theristai" title="Theristai">Theristai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thyestes_(Euripides)" title="Thyestes (Euripides)">Thyestes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iphigenia_in_Aulis_and_Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_Euripides150" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iphigenia" title="Template:Iphigenia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iphigenia" title="Template talk:Iphigenia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iphigenia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iphigenia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iphigenia_in_Aulis_and_Iphigenia_in_Tauris_by_Euripides150" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Aulis" title="Iphigenia in Aulis">Iphigenia in Aulis</a></i> and <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia" title="Iphigenia">Iphigenia</a>'s family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegisthus" title="Aegisthus">Aegisthus</a> (stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestes" title="Orestes">Orestes</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">Electra</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysothemis" title="Chrysothemis">Chrysothemis</a> (sister)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Aulis" title="Iphigenia in Aulis">Iphigenia in Aulis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Aulide" title="Iphigénie en Aulide">Iphigénie en Aulide</a></i> (1774, Gluck)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie" title="Iphigénie">Iphigénie</a></i> (1674)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_(film)" title="Iphigenia (film)">Iphigenia</a></i> (1977)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Songs_of_the_Kings" title="The Songs of the Kings">The Songs of the Kings</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trilogy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bacchae" title="The Bacchae">The Bacchae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alcmaeon_in_Corinth" title="Alcmaeon in Corinth">Alcmaeon in Corinth</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bash:_Latter-Day_Plays" title="Bash: Latter-Day Plays">Bash: Latter-Day Plays</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Killing_of_a_Sacred_Deer" title="The Killing of a Sacred Deer">The Killing of a Sacred Deer</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_(Desmarets_and_Campra)" title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Desmarets and Campra)">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1699, Desmarets and Campra)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifigenia_in_Tauride_(Vinci)" title="Ifigenia in Tauride (Vinci)">Ifigenia in Tauride</a></i> (1724, Vinci)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifigenia_in_Tauride_(Traetta)" title="Ifigenia in Tauride (Traetta)">Ifigenia in Tauride</a></i> (1763, Traetta)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifigenia_in_Tauride_(Jommelli)" title="Ifigenia in Tauride (Jommelli)">Ifigenia in Tauride</a></i> (1771, Jommelli)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride" title="Iphigénie en Tauride">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1779, Gluck) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_discography" title="Iphigénie en Tauride discography">discography</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphig%C3%A9nie_en_Tauride_(Piccinni)" title="Iphigénie en Tauride (Piccinni)">Iphigénie en Tauride</a></i> (1781, Piccinni)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iphigenia_in_Tauris_(Goethe)" title="Iphigenia in Tauris (Goethe)">Iphigenia in Tauris</a></i> (1779)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523227#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2466" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523227#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2466" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523227#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/83158790635738852037">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/6770165628856342480005">3</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/6705165326541616290000">4</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/27157527254227300007">5</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/8043167807397518130001">6</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1167803101617771075">7</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4239657-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82022020">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14564059f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14564059f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36584796">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX2005446">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=177735">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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