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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin" title="James Atkin, Baron Atkin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="James Atkin, Baron Atkin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="چيمس اتكين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="چيمس اتكين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q799090#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">The Lord Atkin</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">PC</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_British_Academy" title="Fellow of the British Academy">FBA</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lord_Atkin_of_Aberdovey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c1/Lord_Atkin_of_Aberdovey.jpg/220px-Lord_Atkin_of_Aberdovey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c1/Lord_Atkin_of_Aberdovey.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="381" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_Appeal_in_Ordinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of Appeal in Ordinary">Lord of Appeal in Ordinary</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 February 1928 – 25 June 1944</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Atkinson,_Baron_Atkinson" title="John Atkinson, Baron Atkinson">The Lord Atkinson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rayner_Goddard,_Baron_Goddard" title="Rayner Goddard, Baron Goddard">The Lord Goddard</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Lord_Justice_of_Appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Justice of Appeal">Lord Justice of Appeal</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />7 March 1919 – 6 February 1928</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Pickford,_1st_Baron_Sterndale" title="William Pickford, 1st Baron Sterndale">Sir William Pickford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Sankey,_1st_Viscount_Sankey" title="John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey">Sir John Sankey</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/High_Court_judge_(England_and_Wales)" title="High Court judge (England and Wales)">Justice of the High Court</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />30 May 1913 – 7 March 1919</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greer,_1st_Baron_Fairfield" title="Arthur Greer, 1st Baron Fairfield">Sir Arthur Greer</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">James Richard Atkin</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1867-11-28</span>)</span>28 November 1867<br /><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Queensland" title="Colony of Queensland">Colony of Queensland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">25 June 1944<span style="display:none">(1944-06-25)</span> (aged 76)<br /><a href="/wiki/Aberdyfi" title="Aberdyfi">Aberdyfi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Lucy Elizabeth (Lizzie) Hemmant (1867–1939)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">6 daughters, 2 sons</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College,_Oxford" title="Magdalen College, Oxford">Magdalen College, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>James Richard Atkin, Baron Atkin</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council (United Kingdom)">PC</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_British_Academy" title="Fellow of the British Academy">FBA</a></span></span> (28 November 1867 – 25 June 1944), commonly known as <b>Dick Atkin</b>, was an Australian-born British judge, who served as a <a href="/wiki/Lords_of_Appeal_in_Ordinary" title="Lords of Appeal in Ordinary">lord of appeal in ordinary</a> from 1928 until his death in 1944. He is especially remembered as the judge giving the leading judgement in the case of <i><a href="/wiki/Donoghue_v_Stevenson" title="Donoghue v Stevenson">Donoghue v Stevenson</a></i> in 1932, in which he established the modern law of negligence in the UK, and indirectly in most of the common law world. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_practice">Early life and practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Atkin was the son of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Travers_Atkin" title="Robert Travers Atkin">Robert Travers Atkin</a> (1841–1872) and his wife, Mary Elizabeth <i>née</i> Ruck (1842–1920). Robert was from <a href="/wiki/Kilgarriff,_County_Cork" title="Kilgarriff, County Cork">Kilgarriff, County Cork</a>, Mary's father from <a href="/wiki/Newington,_Swale" title="Newington, Swale">Newington, Kent</a>, and her mother from <a href="/wiki/Merioneth" class="mw-redirect" title="Merioneth">Merioneth</a>, Wales. The couple married in 1864 and soon <a href="/wiki/Emigration" title="Emigration">emigrated</a> to Australia intending to take up <a href="/wiki/Sheep_farming" title="Sheep farming">sheep farming</a>. However, little more than a year into their enterprise Robert was badly injured in a fall from a horse and the couple moved to <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> where Robert became a journalist and politician. He always thought of himself as a Welshman, and was President of the <a href="/wiki/London_Welsh_Centre" title="London Welsh Centre">London Welsh Trust</a> from 1938 to 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James was born at <i>Ellandale</i> cottage, Tank Street, off <a href="/wiki/North_Quay,_Brisbane" title="North Quay, Brisbane">North Quay, Brisbane</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-MA2020_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MA2020-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the eldest of three sons but in 1871, his mother brought him and his siblings back to her own mother's house, "Pantlludw" on the <a href="/wiki/River_Dovey" class="mw-redirect" title="River Dovey">River Dovey</a> in Wales. His father died in Brisbane in the following year. James was much influenced by his grandmother and acquired from her an egalitarian instinct and a distaste for sanctimonious posturing.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother's sister, Amy, was the first wife of <a href="/wiki/Francis_Darwin" title="Francis Darwin">Francis Darwin</a>, third son of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> (1809–1882) and his wife <a href="/wiki/Emma_Darwin" title="Emma Darwin">Emma</a>: there is a thank-you letter extant to Charles Darwin from the eleven-year-old Dick.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Atkin attended <a href="/wiki/Friars_School,_Bangor" title="Friars School, Bangor">Friars School, Bangor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Christ_College,_Brecon" title="Christ College, Brecon">Christ College, Brecon</a>, and won a <a href="/wiki/Demyship" title="Demyship">demyship</a> to <a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College,_Oxford" title="Magdalen College, Oxford">Magdalen College, Oxford</a>, where he read <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classics</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Literae_humaniores" title="Literae humaniores">literae humaniores</a></i>, enjoying playing tennis in his leisure time. Atkin was <a href="/wiki/Called_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Called to the bar">called to the bar</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn" title="Gray's Inn">Gray's Inn</a> in 1891 and scoured the London law courts assessing the quality of the advocates so as to decide where to apply for <a href="/wiki/Pupillage" title="Pupillage">pupillage</a>. He was ultimately impressed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Scrutton" title="Thomas Edward Scrutton">Thomas Scrutton</a> and became his pupil, joining fellow pupils <a href="/wiki/Frank_Douglas_MacKinnon" title="Frank Douglas MacKinnon">Frank MacKinnon</a>, a future <a href="/wiki/Lord_Justice_of_Appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Justice of Appeal">Lord Justice of Appeal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wright,_Baron_Wright" title="Robert Wright, Baron Wright">Robert Wright</a>, another future Law Lord.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took <a href="/wiki/Barristers%27_chambers" title="Barristers' chambers">chambers</a> at <a href="/w/index.php?title=3_Pump_Court&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3 Pump Court (page does not exist)">3 Pump Court</a> but, as did most beginning barristers at the time, struggled to find work. He shared living accommodation with Arthur Hughes who later married <a href="/wiki/Mary_Vivian_Hughes" title="Mary Vivian Hughes">Mary Vivian Hughes</a> whose book <i>A London Family 1870–1900</i> mentions Atkin.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He eventually established a practice in <a href="/wiki/Commercial_law" title="Commercial law">commercial law</a>, in particular in work on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a>, and became known as a subtle advocate with no need to rely on theatrical effects.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His practice grew from about 1900 and made a favourable impression when appearing before the future <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a> who was sitting as an <a href="/wiki/Arbitrator" class="mw-redirect" title="Arbitrator">arbitrator</a>. Asquith was so impressed that he secured a pupillage for his own son <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Asquith" title="Raymond Asquith">Raymond</a> at Atkin's chambers. By 1906, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> considered him probably the busiest <a href="/wiki/Junior_barrister" title="Junior barrister">junior</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bar_association" title="Bar association">the Bar</a>. In that year Atkin <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">took silk</a>. Once <a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton,_1st_Viscount_Sumner" title="John Hamilton, 1st Viscount Sumner">John Hamilton</a> was made a judge in 1909 and Scrutton in 1910, Atkin dominated the commercial Bar.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Judge">Judge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Judge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He became a judge of the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Bench_Division" title="King's Bench Division">King's Bench</a> division of the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court of England and Wales">High Court</a> in 1913,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> receiving a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Bachelor" title="Knight Bachelor">knighthood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work at the King's Bench involved him in <a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal cases</a> which had been outside his experience as a barrister but he established a high reputation as a criminal judge. Reputedly, Atkin enjoyed his six years at the King's Bench more than any others of his legal career. The following nine at the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Appeal of England and Wales">Court of Appeal</a> he enjoyed the least.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Atkin became a <a href="/wiki/Lord_Justice_of_Appeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Justice of Appeal">Lord Justice of Appeal</a> in 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1920 case of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meering_v_Graham-White_Aviation_Co_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meering v Graham-White Aviation Co Ltd (page does not exist)">Meering v Graham-White Aviation Co Ltd</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atkin showed his disapproval of unjustified restriction on <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a> by holding (<i><a href="/wiki/Obiter_dicta" class="mw-redirect" title="Obiter dicta">obiter</a></i>) that a person could sue for <a href="/wiki/False_imprisonment" title="False imprisonment">false imprisonment</a> even under circumstances where he had been unaware of his imprisonment at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again in 1920, in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Everett_v_Griffiths&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Everett v Griffiths (page does not exist)">Everett v Griffiths</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atkin held that Everett was owed a <a href="/wiki/Duty_of_care" title="Duty of care">duty of care</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Guardians" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Guardians">Board of Guardians</a> who had detained him as <a href="/wiki/Insanity" title="Insanity">insane</a> on inadequate grounds. However, Lord Justices <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Scrutton" title="Thomas Edward Scrutton">Scrutton</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Eldon_Bankes" title="John Eldon Bankes">Bankes</a> held otherwise and their majority prevailed over Atkin's dissenting judgment.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1928 until his death he was a <a href="/wiki/Judicial_functions_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Judicial functions of the House of Lords">Lord of Appeal in Ordinary</a> under the title <b>Baron Atkin</b>, <i>of <a href="/wiki/Aberdovey" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdovey">Aberdovey</a>, in the County of <a href="/wiki/Merioneth" class="mw-redirect" title="Merioneth">Merioneth</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An Anglican, Atkin was strongly motivated by his Christian faith and relied on testing the law against the demands of <a href="/wiki/Common_sense" title="Common sense">common sense</a> and the interests of the ordinary working man. He came to a settled view early on in hearing a case and, as a Law Lord, his colleagues often found him indefatigable in his opinions and difficult to persuade as to the merits of alternative views.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Donoghue_v_Stevenson"><i>Donoghue v Stevenson</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Donoghue v Stevenson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Donoghue_v_Stevenson" title="Donoghue v Stevenson">Donoghue v Stevenson</a></div> <p>In 1932, as a member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>, he delivered the leading judgment in the landmark case of <i><a href="/wiki/Donoghue_v._Stevenson" class="mw-redirect" title="Donoghue v. Stevenson">Donoghue v. Stevenson</a></i> concerning the alleged adverse effects from an alleged <a href="/wiki/Snail" title="Snail">snail</a> in a bottle of <a href="/wiki/Ginger_beer" title="Ginger beer">ginger beer</a> served in a café in <a href="/wiki/Paisley,_Renfrewshire" title="Paisley, Renfrewshire">Paisley</a>. The case established the modern law of <a href="/wiki/Negligence" title="Negligence">negligence</a> in the UK and, indirectly, in most of the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> world, with the major exception of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liversidge_v._Anderson"><i>Liversidge v. Anderson</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Liversidge v. Anderson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Liversidge_v_Anderson" title="Liversidge v Anderson">Liversidge v Anderson</a></div> <p>He is also remembered for his dissenting judgment in <i><a href="/wiki/Liversidge_v_Anderson" title="Liversidge v Anderson">Liversidge v Anderson</a></i>, in which he unsuccessfully asserted the courts' right to question the wide discretionary <a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_home_secretary" title="Powers of the home secretary">powers of the Home Secretary</a> to detain subjects suspected of having 'hostile associations'. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_law">Commercial law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Commercial law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He also gave the leading judgment in <i><a href="/wiki/Bell_v._Lever_Brothers_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Bell v. Lever Brothers Ltd.">Bell v. Lever Brothers Ltd.</a></i>, as of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, still the leading authority on <a href="/wiki/Mistake_(contract_law)" title="Mistake (contract law)">common mistake</a> under English law.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gray's_Inn"><span id="Gray.27s_Inn"></span>Gray's Inn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gray's Inn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Inn had been at a low ebb when Atkin joined. It was impoverished, its dinners and functions poorly attended and its <a href="/wiki/Benchers" class="mw-redirect" title="Benchers">benchers</a> lacking professional prestige. It was largely through Atkin's efforts, and those of <a href="/wiki/F.E._Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="F.E. Smith">F.E. Smith</a>, that the Inn's prestige was restored. Atkin was himself three times Treasurer, Master of the Library and Master of <a href="/wiki/Mooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Mooting">Moots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lucy Elizabeth (Lizzie) Hemmant (1867–1939) was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/William_Hemmant" title="William Hemmant">William Hemmant</a>, a friend of Atkin's father from Brisbane. She had been born within 12 days and within 100 yards (91 m) of Atkin. William also subsequently moved to London and was important in helping Atkin to establish his stock exchange contacts. Atkin married Lizzie Hemmant in 1893 after five years' <a href="/wiki/Engagement" title="Engagement">engagement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The couple had six daughters and two sons, the elder son being killed in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Atkin's daughter Rosaline became a barrister of Gray's Inn.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fourth daughter, Nancy, to her father's delight, became an actress. Nancy made her debut in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> and was discovered and brought to London by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hawtrey_(stage_actor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hawtrey (stage actor)">Charles Hawtrey</a> and <a href="/wiki/A._A._Milne" title="A. A. Milne">A. A. Milne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lewis11to12_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lewis11to12-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atkin's grandson, by his daughter Lucy Atkin, was the politician and business leader Sir <a href="/wiki/Toby_Low,_1st_Baron_Aldington" title="Toby Low, 1st Baron Aldington">Toby Low, 1st Baron Aldington</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Atkin enjoyed the <a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">music hall</a> and in particular the humour of <a href="/wiki/George_Robey" title="George Robey">George Robey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marie_Lloyd" title="Marie Lloyd">Marie Lloyd</a>. He and his wife were fond of entertaining at their succession of town homes in <a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a> with musical evenings.<sup id="cite_ref-lewis11to12_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lewis11to12-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1912 Atkin realised his ambition of buying a house <i>Craig-y-Don</i> in <a href="/wiki/Aberdovey" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdovey">Aberdovey</a> and from that time, he spent every summer there with his family. At Aberdovey, Atkin enjoyed tennis, golf and <a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge" title="Contract bridge">bridge</a>. He was an enthusiast for the literary works of <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Wallace" title="Edgar Wallace">Edgar Wallace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atkin was President of the London Welsh Trust, which runs the <a href="/wiki/London_Welsh_Centre" title="London Welsh Centre">London Welsh Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn_Road" title="Gray's Inn Road">Gray's Inn Road</a>, from 1938 until 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atkin was popular with the community in Aberdovey and was paraded into the village on a hand-drawn cab on his appointment to the High Court. When possible, he sat as a <a href="/wiki/Justice_of_the_Peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice of the Peace">Justice of the Peace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Towyn" title="Towyn">Towyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Machynlleth" title="Machynlleth">Machynlleth</a>, and eventually chaired Merionethshire <a href="/wiki/Quarter_Sessions" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarter Sessions">Quarter Sessions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He died of <a href="/wiki/Bronchitis" title="Bronchitis">bronchitis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aberdyfi" title="Aberdyfi">Aberdyfi</a> where he was buried.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Honorary fellowship of Magdalen College, Oxford (1924);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_British_Academy" title="Fellow of the British Academy">Fellow of the British Academy</a> (1938);</li> <li>Foreign Honorary Member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> (1939);<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Honorary degrees: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> (1931);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> (1936);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reading" title="University of Reading">University of Reading</a> (1938); and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> (1939).<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p>A plaque was erected in 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Law_Courts" title="Commonwealth Law Courts">Harry Gibbs Commonwealth Law Courts Building</a> – built upon the land where <i>Ellandale</i> cottage once stood – commemorating the birthplace of Lord Atkin, placed on the 145th anniversary of his birth and the 80th anniversary of his judgement <i>Donoghue v Stevenson</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-MA2020_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MA2020-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was arranged by the <a href="/wiki/UQ_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="UQ School of Law">TC Beirne School of Law</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Queensland" title="University of Queensland">University of Queensland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Court_of_Australia" title="Federal Court of Australia">Federal Court of Australia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cases">Cases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>High Court</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barron_v_Potter" title="Barron v Potter">Barron v Potter</a></i> [1915] 3 KB 593, small company deadlock</li></ul> <dl><dt>Court of Appeal</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Balfour_v_Balfour" title="Balfour v Balfour">Balfour v Balfour</a></i> [1919] 2 KB 571</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meering_v_Graham-White_Aviation_Co_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meering v Graham-White Aviation Co Ltd (page does not exist)">Meering v Graham-White Aviation Co Ltd</a></i> (1920) 122 LT 44</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Everett_v_Griffiths&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Everett v Griffiths (page does not exist)">Everett v Griffiths</a></i> [1920] 3 KB 163</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rose_%26_Frank_Co_v_JR_Crompton_%26_Bros_Ltd" title="Rose & Frank Co v JR Crompton & Bros Ltd">Rose & Frank Co v JR Crompton & Bros Ltd</a></i> [1923] 2 KB 261, intention to create legal relations in commerce</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R_v_Secretary_of_State_for_Home_Affairs_ex_parte_O%27Brien" class="mw-redirect" title="R v Secretary of State for Home Affairs ex parte O'Brien">R v Secretary of State for Home Affairs ex parte O'Brien</a></i> [1923] 2 KB 361, internment of Irish</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_Commercial_and_Industrial_Bank_v_Comptoir_d%27Estcompte_de_Mulhouse" title="Russian Commercial and Industrial Bank v Comptoir d'Estcompte de Mulhouse">Russian Commercial and Industrial Bank v Comptoir d'Estcompte de Mulhouse</a></i> [1923] 2 KB 630, compensation for nationalisation by Russia of banks</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rowland_v_Divall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rowland v Divall (page does not exist)">Rowland v Divall</a></i> [1923] 2 KB 500, failure of consideration</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Provincial_Bank_v_Charnley" title="National Provincial Bank v Charnley">National Provincial Bank v Charnley</a></i> [1924] 1 KB 431, meaning of a security interest</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glassbrook_Bros_v_Glamorgan_County_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Glassbrook Bros v Glamorgan County Council">Glassbrook Bros v Glamorgan County Council</a></i> [1925] AC 270, dissenting in the Court of Appeal, liability of employer to pay for police protection</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tournier_v_National_Provincial_and_Union_Bank_of_England" title="Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England">Tournier v National Provincial and Union Bank of England</a></i> [1924] 1 KB 461</li></ul> <dl><dt>House of Lords and Privy Council</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/France_v_James_Coombes_%26_Co" title="France v James Coombes & Co">France v James Coombes & Co</a></i> [1929] AC 496, definition of employee and inequality of bargaining power under section 8 of the <a href="/wiki/Trade_Boards_Act_1909" title="Trade Boards Act 1909">Trade Boards Act 1909</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bell_v_Lever_Brothers_Ltd" title="Bell v Lever Brothers Ltd">Bell v Lever Brothers Ltd</a></i> [1932] AC 161, common mistake</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Donoghue_v_Stevenson" title="Donoghue v Stevenson">Donoghue v Stevenson</a></i> [1932] AC 562, negligence</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maritime_National_Fish_Ltd_v_Ocean_Trawlers_Ltd" title="Maritime National Fish Ltd v Ocean Trawlers Ltd">Maritime National Fish Ltd v Ocean Trawlers Ltd</a></i> [1935] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKPC/1935/1.html">UKPC 1</a>, frustration</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Woolmington_v_DPP" title="Woolmington v DPP">Woolmington v DPP</a></i> [1935] UKHL 1, presumption of innocence</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Way_v_Latilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Way v Latilla (page does not exist)">Way v Latilla</a></i> [1937] 3 All ER 759</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wilsons_and_Clyde_Coal_Ltd_v_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilsons and Clyde Coal Ltd v English">Wilsons and Clyde Coal Ltd v English</a></i> [1937] UKHL 2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Conventions_Reference" title="Labour Conventions Reference">Labour Conventions Reference</a> [1937] AC 326, Canadian federalism</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reference_re_Alberta_Statutes" class="mw-redirect" title="Reference re Alberta Statutes">Reference re Alberta Statutes</a></i> [1938] UKPC 46, striking down Alberta laws on social credit</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vita_Food_Products_Inc_v_Unus_Shipping_Co_Ltd" title="Vita Food Products Inc v Unus Shipping Co Ltd">Vita Food Products Inc v Unus Shipping Co Ltd</a></i> [1939] UKPC 7</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nokes_v_Doncaster_Amalgamated_Collieries_Ltd" title="Nokes v Doncaster Amalgamated Collieries Ltd">Nokes v Doncaster Amalgamated Collieries Ltd</a></i> [1940] AC 1014, no transfer of employment contract without the employee's consent</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Foundries_(1926)_Ltd_v_Shirlaw" title="Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw">Southern Foundries (1926) Ltd v Shirlaw</a></i> [1940] AC 701, implied terms</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_Australia_Ltd_v_Barclays_Bank_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United Australia Ltd v Barclays Bank Ltd (page does not exist)">United Australia Ltd v Barclays Bank Ltd</a></i> [1941] AC 1, administrative law</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fibrosa_Spolka_Akcyjna_v_Fairbairn_Lawson_Combe_Barbour_Ltd" title="Fibrosa Spolka Akcyjna v Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd">Fibrosa Spolka Akcyjna v Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd</a></i> [1942] UKHL 4, frustration and failure of consideration</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liversidge_v_Anderson" title="Liversidge v Anderson">Liversidge v Anderson</a></i> [1942] AC 206</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (2004)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MA2020-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MA2020_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MA2020_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/people/legal/display/102630-lord-atkin-of-aberdovey">"Lord Atkin of Aberdovey"</a>. <i>Monument Australia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monument+Australia&rft.atitle=Lord+Atkin+of+Aberdovey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmonumentaustralia.org.au%2Fthemes%2Fpeople%2Flegal%2Fdisplay%2F102630-lord-atkin-of-aberdovey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-12185.xml">"Darwin Correspondence Project – Letter 12185 – Atkin, J. R., to Darwin, C. R., 7 August [1879]"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Darwin+Correspondence+Project+%E2%80%93+Letter+12185+%E2%80%93+Atkin%2C+J.+R.%2C+to+Darwin%2C+C.+R.%2C+7+August+%5B1879%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.darwinproject.ac.uk%2Fletter%2FDCP-LETT-12185.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>p.</i>24</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>p.</i>8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>p.</i>15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette28723" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28723/page/3832">"No. 28723"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 30 May 1913. p. 3832.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+28723&rft.pages=3832&rft.date=1913-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F28723%2Fpage%2F3832&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette28733" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/28733/page/4637">"No. 28733"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 1 July 1913. p. 4637.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+28733&rft.pages=4637&rft.date=1913-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F28733%2Fpage%2F4637&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983), pp. 16–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(1920) 122 LT 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiliker,_P.Beckwith,_S.2004" class="citation book cs1">Giliker, P.; Beckwith, S. (2004). <i>Tort</i> (2nd ed.). Sweet & Maxwell. p. <i>p.</i>331. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-421-85980-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-421-85980-6"><bdi>0-421-85980-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tort&rft.pages=%27%27p.%27%27331&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Sweet+%26+Maxwell&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-421-85980-6&rft.au=Giliker%2C+P.&rft.au=Beckwith%2C+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLunney,_M.Oliphant,_K.2003" class="citation book cs1">Lunney, M.; Oliphant, K. (2003). <i>Tort Law:Text and Materials</i> (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. <i>pp</i>150–151. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-926055-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-926055-9"><bdi>0-19-926055-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tort+Law%3AText+and+Materials&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=%27%27pp%27%27150-151&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-19-926055-9&rft.au=Lunney%2C+M.&rft.au=Oliphant%2C+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[1920] 3 KB 163, CA</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>pp</i>36–37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette33356" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33356/page/1045">"No. 33356"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 14 February 1928. p. 1045.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+33356&rft.pages=1045&rft.date=1928-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F33356%2Fpage%2F1045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>pp</i>7–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lewis11to12-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lewis11to12_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lewis11to12_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>pp</i> 11–12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>p.</i>13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720025944/http://www.londonwelsh.org/archives/1796">"Our Former Presidents: London Welsh Centre"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Welsh_Centre" title="London Welsh Centre">London Welsh Centre</a> website</i>. <a href="/wiki/London_Welsh_Centre" title="London Welsh Centre">London Welsh Centre</a>. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.londonwelsh.org/archives/1796">the original</a> on 20 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=London+Welsh+Centre+website&rft.atitle=Our+Former+Presidents%3A+London+Welsh+Centre&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.londonwelsh.org%2Farchives%2F1796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis (1983) <i>p.</i>14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAAS-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AAAS_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterA.pdf">"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. American Academy of Arts and Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+of+Members%2C+1780%E2%80%932010%3A+Chapter+A&rft.pub=American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fpublications%2FBookofMembers%2FChapterA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Secondary sources</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ.R._Atkin1922" class="citation magazine cs1">J.R. Atkin (1922). "Law for laymen". <i><a href="/wiki/John_O%27London%27s_Weekly" title="John O'London's Weekly">John O'London's Weekly</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=John+O%27London%27s+Weekly&rft.atitle=Law+for+laymen&rft.date=1922&rft.au=J.R.+Atkin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtkin1922" class="citation magazine cs1">Atkin, J.R. (1922). "When witnesses fail". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Detective_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Detective Magazine (page does not exist)">The Detective Magazine</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Detective+Magazine&rft.atitle=When+witnesses+fail&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Atkin&rft.aufirst=J.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtkin1929" class="citation book cs1">Atkin, J.R. (1929). <i>Appeals in English Law</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Appeals+in+English+Law&rft.date=1929&rft.aulast=Atkin&rft.aufirst=J.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarding1964" class="citation journal cs1">Harding, R.W. (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1964.tb01038.x">"Lord Atkin's judicial attitudes and their illustration in commercial law and contract"</a>. <i>Modern Law Review</i>. <b>27</b> (4): 434–446. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1964.tb01038.x">10.1111/j.1468-2230.1964.tb01038.x</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Lord+Atkin%27s+judicial+attitudes+and+their+illustration+in+commercial+law+and+contract&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=434-446&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2230.1964.tb01038.x&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=R.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1468-2230.1964.tb01038.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFG._Lewis1983" class="citation book cs1">G. Lewis (1983). <i>Lord Atkin</i>. London: Butterworths. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84113-057-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-84113-057-5"><bdi>1-84113-057-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lord+Atkin&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Butterworths&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=1-84113-057-5&rft.au=G.+Lewis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lewis, Geoffrey (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/30492">"Atkin, James Richard, Baron Atkin (1867–1944)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F30492">10.1093/ref:odnb/30492</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Atkin%2C+James+Richard%2C+Baron+Atkin+%281867%E2%80%931944%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=Oxford%3A+Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F30492&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F30492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADick+Atkin%2C+Baron+Atkin" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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aria-labelledby="Atkin_and_Low_family_tree" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atkin_%26_Low_family_tree" title="Template:Atkin & Low family tree"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atkin_%26_Low_family_tree" title="Template talk:Atkin & Low family tree"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atkin_%26_Low_family_tree" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atkin & Low family tree"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Atkin_and_Low_family_tree" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Atkin and Low family tree</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin:0pt auto; background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Travers_Atkin" title="Robert Travers Atkin">Robert Travers Atkin</a><br />(1841–1872)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Mary Elizabeth Ruck<br />(1842–1920)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/William_Hemmant" title="William Hemmant">William Hemmant</a><br />(1837–1916)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Lucy Elizabeth Ground<br />(1843–1897)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/James_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin" class="mw-redirect" title="James Atkin, Baron Atkin">James Atkin</a><br />(1867–1944)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Lucy Elizabeth Hemmant<br />(1867–1939)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Austin Low<br />(1862–1956)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Mary Stephanie Jay<br />(1860–1937)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Lucy Gwen Atkin<br />(1894–1957)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Stuart Low<br />(1888–1942)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Harold_MacMichael" title="Harold MacMichael">Harold Alfred MacMichael</a><br />(1882–1969)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Agnes De Sivrac<br />Edith Stephens<br />(1888–1974)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Toby_Low,_1st_Baron_Aldington" title="Toby Low, 1st Baron Aldington">(Toby) Austin<br />Richard William Low</a><br />(1914–2000)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Felicite Anne<br />Araminta MacMichael<br />(1920–2012)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Low,_2nd_Baron_Aldington" title="Charles Low, 2nd Baron Aldington">Charles Harold<br />Stuart Low</a><br />(born 1948)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Jane,_Lady_Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane, Lady Roberts">Priscilla Jane<br />Stephanie Low</a><br />(1949–2021)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Roberts_(art_historian)" title="Hugh Roberts (art historian)">Hugh Ashley Roberts</a><br />(born 1948)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Notes:</b> <div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Family tree of the Atkin and Low families</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ruck_family_tree" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ruck_family_tree" title="Template:Ruck family tree"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ruck_family_tree" title="Template talk:Ruck family tree"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ruck_family_tree" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ruck family tree"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ruck_family_tree" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Ruck family tree</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin:0pt auto; background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Lawrence Ruck<br />(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1820</span>–1896)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Mary Anne Mathews<br />(1821–1905)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Mary Elizabeth Ruck<br /><span class="nowrap">(1842–1920)</span></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Travers_Atkin" title="Robert Travers Atkin">Robert Travers Atkin</a><br />(1841–1872)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ruck" title="Richard Ruck">Richard Mathews Ruck</a><br />(1851–1935)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Mary Constance Gully<br />(1832–1914)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Thomas Humphrey Pedley<br /><span class="nowrap">(1806–1871)</span></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Elizabeth Eleanor D'Arcy<br />(1851–1928)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Arthur Ashley Ruck<br />(1847–1939)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Amy Richenda Ruck<br />(1850–1876)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Darwin" title="Francis Darwin">Francis Darwin</a><br />(1848–1925)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/William_Pedley" title="William Pedley">William Everard Pedley</a><br />(1858–1920)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Eve Eleanor Pedley<br />(1854–1941)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Ruck" title="Oliver Ruck">Oliver Edwal Ruck</a><br />(1856–1934)</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/James_Atkin,_Baron_Atkin" class="mw-redirect" title="James Atkin, Baron Atkin">James Atkin</a><br />(1867–1944)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Berta_Ruck" title="Berta Ruck">Amy Roberta Ruck</a><br />(1878–1978)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Onions" title="Oliver Onions">George Oliver Onions</a><br />(1873–1961)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Darwin" title="Bernard Darwin">Bernard Richard Darwin</a><br />(1876–1961)</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Elinor_Monsell" class="mw-redirect" title="Elinor Monsell">Elinor Monsell</a><br />(1879–1954)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em">Lawrence Humphrey Ruck<br />(1889–1915)</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align: left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Notes:</b> <div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Family tree of the Ruck family</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q799090#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJd3KgmRRX3PRm3Q6KKyBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1055329129">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no00035330">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137512865">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137512865">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069742065">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007425379305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1102086">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067729320">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span 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