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Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">6 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Flak-Division" title="4. Flak-Division – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="4. Flak-Division" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/4.%C2%AA_Divisi%C3%B3n_Antia%C3%A9rea" title="4.ª División Antiaérea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="4.ª División Antiaérea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Flak-Division" title="4. Flak-Division – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="4. Flak-Division" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_Dywizja_Flak" title="4 Dywizja Flak – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="4 Dywizja Flak" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/4._Flak-Division" title="4. Flak-Division – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="4. 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style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">4th Flak Division<br />(4th) Air Defense Command Düsseldorf<br />Air Defense Command Essen</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Flak-Division 4<br />Luftverteidigungs-Kommando (Nr. 4) Düsseldorf<br />Luftverteidigungs-Kommando Essen</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1938 – 18 April 1945</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flak" class="mw-redirect" title="Flak">Flak</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-aircraft warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Duisburg_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Duisburg in World War II">Bombing of Duisburg in World War II</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Ruhr" title="Battle of the Ruhr">Battle of the Ruhr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Western Front (World War II)">Western Front</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ruhr_pocket" title="Ruhr pocket">Ruhr pocket</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hintz" title="Johannes Hintz">Johannes Hintz</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>4th Flak Division</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Flak-Division 4</i>) was a <a href="/wiki/Flak_division" title="Flak division">Flak division</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> during World War II. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Flak_Division&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 July 1938, the "Air Defense Command <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a>" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Luftverteidigungskommando Essen</i></span>) staff was formed, later redesignated "Air Defense Command <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Luftverteidigungskommando Düsseldorf</i></span>). On 1 August 1939, this Air Defense Command received its ordinal number 4, becoming "4th Air Defense Command" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Luftverteidigungskommando 4</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> The initial head of the staff was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Steudemann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt Steudemann (page does not exist)">Kurt Steudemann</a>, who was replaced on 31 October 1939 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto-Wilhelm_von_Renz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto-Wilhelm von Renz (page does not exist)">Otto-Wilhelm von Renz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was initially the only air defense command in the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr" title="Ruhr">Ruhr area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 519">: 519 </span></sup> It was assigned to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luftgau_VI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luftgau VI (page does not exist)">Luftgau VI</a>, headquartered at <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnster" title="Münster">Münster</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/7th_Flak_Division" title="7th Flak Division">7th Flak Division</a> (created in March 1940) in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 12">: 12 </span></sup> </p><p>On 1 September 1941, the 4th Air Defense Command was officially designated the "4th Flak Division" and initially remained headquartered at Düsseldorf, though its HQ was subsequently redeployed in July 1942 to <a href="/wiki/Ratingen" title="Ratingen">Ratingen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> Along with the designation as 4th Flak Division, command passed to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Hoffmann_(general)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Hoffmann (general) (page does not exist)">Gerhard Hoffmann</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, the 4th Flak Division was responsible to protect the entire Ruhr industrial area from the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_II" title="Strategic bombing during World War II">Allied strategic bombing campaign</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> but the creation of an additional formation, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=22nd_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="22nd Flak Division (page does not exist)">22nd Flak Division</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a> in June 1943 meant that the 4th Flak Division was only left responsible for the western Ruhr area.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 12">: 12 </span></sup> The 4th Flak Division staff was concurrently redeployed to <a href="/wiki/Duisburg" title="Duisburg">Duisburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> On 5 March 1942, command passed to <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hintz" title="Johannes Hintz">Johannes Hintz</a>, who was later succeeded by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Schilffarth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Schilffarth (page does not exist)">Ludwig Schilffarth</a> on 20 February 1944. The final commander was a colonel-ranked officer named <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Hecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Hecht (page does not exist)">Max Hecht</a>, who took command on 15 November 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1 November 1943, the 4th Flak Division was still part of the heaviest-defended region in terms of flak divisions, as Luftgau VI with its three flak divisions (4th, 7th, 22nd) had more flak divisions than any other Luftgau. At this point, the entire Luftgau VI, then under <a href="/wiki/August_Schmidt_(Luftwaffe)" title="August Schmidt (Luftwaffe)">August Schmidt</a>, was armed, across its three flak divisions, with 320 heavy flak batteries, 35 medium flak batteries, 125 light flak batteries, 107 searchlight batteries, and 41 various flak support batteries.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 219">: 219 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1945, the 4th Flak Division was used in ground-level combat on the Western Front, along the Rhine river.<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> </p><p>On 18 April 1945, the 4th Flak Division surrendered as part of the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr_pocket" title="Ruhr pocket">Ruhr pocket</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 269">: 269 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Flak_Division&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Tessin_1966-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tessin_1966_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTessin1966" class="citation book cs1">Tessin, Georg (1966). <i>Die Landstreitkräfte 001–005</i>. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945. Vol. 2. Verlag E. S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3764808713" title="Special:BookSources/3764808713"><bdi>3764808713</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Landstreitkr%C3%A4fte+001%E2%80%93005&rft.series=Verb%C3%A4nde+und+Truppen+der+deutschen+Wehrmacht+und+Waffen-SS+im+Zweiten+Weltkrieg+1939-1945&rft.pub=Verlag+E.+S.+Mittler+%26+Sohn+GmbH&rft.date=1966&rft.isbn=3764808713&rft.aulast=Tessin&rft.aufirst=Georg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A4th+Flak+Division" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:22_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitcham2007" class="citation book cs1">Mitcham, Samuel W. (2007). "4th Flak Division". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W12nzCN9DK4C&q=Kurt+Steudemann"><i>German Order of Battle: 291st–999th Infantry Divisions, Named Infantry Divisions, and Special Divisions in World War II</i></a>. Vol. 2. Stackpole Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780811734370" title="Special:BookSources/9780811734370"><bdi>9780811734370</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=4th+Flak+Division&rft.btitle=German+Order+of+Battle%3A+291st%E2%80%93999th+Infantry+Divisions%2C+Named+Infantry+Divisions%2C+and+Special+Divisions+in+World+War+II&rft.pub=Stackpole+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780811734370&rft.aulast=Mitcham&rft.aufirst=Samuel+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW12nzCN9DK4C%26q%3DKurt%2BSteudemann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A4th+Flak+Division" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitcham1985" class="citation book cs1">Mitcham, Samuel W. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hitlerslegionsge0000mitc/page/518/mode/2up?view=theater"><i>Hitler's Legions: The German Army Order of Battle, World War II</i></a>. Stein and Days Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0812829921" title="Special:BookSources/0812829921"><bdi>0812829921</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+Legions%3A+The+German+Army+Order+of+Battle%2C+World+War+II&rft.pub=Stein+and+Days+Publishing&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0812829921&rft.aulast=Mitcham&rft.aufirst=Samuel+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhitlerslegionsge0000mitc%2Fpage%2F518%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fview%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A4th+Flak+Division" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTessin1967" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tessin, Georg (1967). <i>Die Landstreitkräfte 006–014</i>. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939–1945 (in German). Vol. 3. Frankfurt/Main: Verlag E. S. Mittler & Sohn GmbH.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Landstreitkr%C3%A4fte+006%E2%80%93014&rft.place=Frankfurt%2FMain&rft.series=Verb%C3%A4nde+und+Truppen+der+deutschen+Wehrmacht+und+Waffen-SS+im+Zweiten+Weltkrieg+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Verlag+E.+S.+Mittler+%26+Sohn+GmbH&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Tessin&rft.aufirst=Georg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A4th+Flak+Division" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoog2006" class="citation book cs1">Boog, Horst (2006). "The Strategic Air War in Europe and Air Defence of the Reich, 1943–1944". <i>Strategic Air War in Europe and the War in the West and East Asia 1943–1944/5</i>. Germany and the Second World War. Vol. 7. London: Clarendon Press. pp. 7–478. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198228899" title="Special:BookSources/9780198228899"><bdi>9780198228899</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Strategic+Air+War+in+Europe+and+Air+Defence+of+the+Reich%2C+1943%E2%80%931944&rft.btitle=Strategic+Air+War+in+Europe+and+the+War+in+the+West+and+East+Asia+1943%E2%80%931944%2F5&rft.place=London&rft.series=Germany+and+the+Second+World+War&rft.pages=7-478&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780198228899&rft.aulast=Boog&rft.aufirst=Horst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A4th+Flak+Division" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Flak_divisions_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="Template:Flak divisions of the Wehrmacht"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Flak_divisions_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="Template talk:Flak divisions of the Wehrmacht"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Flak_divisions_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Flak divisions of the Wehrmacht"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Flak_divisions_of_the_Wehrmacht" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Flak" class="mw-redirect" title="Flak">Flak</a> divisions of the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1st_–_10th" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st – 10th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Flak_Division" title="1st Flak Division">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Flak_Division" title="2nd Flak Division">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Flak_Division" title="3rd Flak Division">3</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Flak_Division" title="5th Flak Division">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Flak_Division" title="6th Flak Division">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Flak_Division" title="7th Flak Division">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Flak_Division" title="8th Flak Division">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Flak_Division" title="9th Flak Division">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Flak_Division" title="10th Flak Division">10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th – 20th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Flak_Division" title="11th Flak Division">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Flak_Division" title="12th Flak Division">12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th Flak Division (page does not exist)">13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Flak Division (page does not exist)">14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15th Flak Division (page does not exist)">15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=16th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="16th Flak Division (page does not exist)">16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=17th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17th Flak Division (page does not exist)">17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=18th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="18th Flak Division (page does not exist)">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Flak_Division" title="19th Flak Division">19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=20th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20th Flak Division (page does not exist)">20</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st – 30th</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=21st_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="21st Flak Division (page does not exist)">21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=22nd_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="22nd Flak Division (page does not exist)">22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=23rd_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="23rd Flak Division (page does not exist)">23</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=24th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="24th Flak Division (page does not exist)">24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25th Flak Division (page does not exist)">25</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=26th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="26th Flak Division (page does not exist)">26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=27th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="27th Flak Division (page does not exist)">27</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=28th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="28th Flak Division (page does not exist)">28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=29th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="29th Flak Division (page does not exist)">29</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=30th_Flak_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="30th Flak Division (page does not exist)">30</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flaklight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Flaklight_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Flaklight Division (page does not exist)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Flaklight_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Flaklight Division (page does not exist)">2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also</i>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_German_divisions_in_World_War_II" title="List of German divisions in World War II">List of German divisions in World War II</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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