CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8" data-next-head=""/><title data-next-head="">WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" data-next-head=""/><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net" rel="preconnect" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://www.googletagmanager.com" rel="preconnect" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://www.google-analytics.com" rel="preconnect" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://stats.g.doubleclick.net" rel="dns-prefetch" crossorigin="anonymous" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net" rel="preconnect" data-next-head=""/><link href="https://www.google.com" rel="preconnect" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="x-default" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="es" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/es/guias/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="nl" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/nl/gidsen/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="it" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/it/guide/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="pl" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/pl/przewodniki/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="sv" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/sv/guider/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="fr" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/fr/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="de" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/de/leitfaden/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><meta name="description" content="OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide." data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:description" content="OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide." data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2021/06/WireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:title" content="WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:type" content="website" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><meta name="robots" content="index,follow" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@top10vpn" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:title" content="WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:description" content="OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide." data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.top10vpn.com/static/images/logo-raster.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preload" as="image" imageSrcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F12%2Fexpertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg&w=32&q=75 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F12%2Fexpertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg&w=64&q=75 2x" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/static/images/favicon/site-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/static/images/favicon/favicon.svg"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/static/images/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/static/images/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/static/images/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="/static/images/favicon/manifest.json?v072020"/><link rel="mask-icon" href="/static/images/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"/><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"/><script data-description="gtag-ref"></script><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-af3e0668f3d4fef9.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-c2373564c69ff406.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-0cfefd9e8ccfd873.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-7f94596ba82f0c96.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2922-b8598e76b68d9311.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2984-c6d08eb8498a417c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/5627-66140329a263e49c.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/4568-35eb771f76fd9ccc.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/6489-ee455908d41fd8d2.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/3324-e8838ab9ab17e500.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/guides/%5Bslug%5D-eda6a01229bdd74d.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/eba613bb9ce2136c91543a121112b4bfd932a7f4/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/eba613bb9ce2136c91543a121112b4bfd932a7f4/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script><style id="__jsx-3861640846">*{box-sizing:border-box;}html,body,div,span,object,iframe,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,a,address,code,del,em,img,small,strong,sub,sup,tt,var,b,u,i,center,dl,dt,dd,ol,ul,li,fieldset,form,label,legend,table,caption,tbody,tfoot,thead,tr,th,td,article,aside,canvas,details,embed,figure,figcaption,footer,header,menu,nav,output,section,summary,time,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,menu,nav,section{display:block;}html{font-size:100%;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;}body{line-height:1;}ol,ul{list-style:none;}a{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}blockquote,q{quotes:none;}blockquote:before,blockquote:after,q:before,q:after{content:none;}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;}input,textarea{-webkit-appearance:none;}sup{vertical-align:super;font-size:smaller;}sub{vertical-align:sub;font-size:smaller;}</style><style id="__jsx-1508742310">:root{--spacing:10px;--spacing-xl:calc(var(--spacing) * 4);--spacing-lg:calc(var(--spacing) * 3.2);--spacing-md:calc(var(--spacing) * 2.4);--spacing-sm:calc(var(--spacing) * 1.6);--spacing-xs:calc(var(--spacing) * 0.8);--base-unit:4px;--blue-10:#ebf2fc;--blue-20:#d4dffc;--blue-30:#b8c6fc;--blue-40:#97aaf7;--blue-50:#7787f2;--blue-60:#5d66eb;--blue-70:#414bd9;--blue-80:#2c35bf;--blue-90:#1e2694;--blue-100:#1c2057;--green-10:#e4f5f4;--green-20:#b8e6e6;--green-30:#66d9d1;--green-40:#3ac2b9;--green-50:#1aa198;--green-60:#0d8078;--green-70:#096962;--green-80:#0b524d;--green-90:#083d3a;--green-100:#072b29;--orange-10:#faf0ed;--orange-20:#fad6cd;--orange-30:#fbb8a7;--orange-40:#fa9075;--orange-50:#eb603d;--orange-60:#d4360f;--orange-70:#ad2807;--orange-80:#85250d;--orange-90:#5e2314;--orange-100:#361f1a;--pink-10:#faf0f2;--pink-20:#fad4dc;--pink-30:#fab4c2;--pink-40:#f78ba0;--pink-50:#ed5a78;--pink-60:#d62b4d;--pink-70:#b31433;--pink-80:#8c0e27;--pink-90:#6b0e21;--pink-100:#4d0f1b;--yellow-10:#fcf2e3;--yellow-20:#fcd8a2;--yellow-30:#faba5a;--yellow-40:#ed9b1f;--yellow-50:#cc7c04;--yellow-60:#a36303;--yellow-70:#824f03;--yellow-80:#663f06;--yellow-90:#4a300a;--yellow-100:#33240e;--white:#fff;--grey-05:#f9f9f9;--grey-10:#f5f1f0;--grey-20:#e3dddc;--grey-30:#c7c4c3;--grey-40:#b0acab;--grey-50:#918e8d;--grey-60:#737378;--grey-70:#5b5b63;--grey-80:#474852;--grey-90:#353642;--grey-100:#232434;--black:#000;--font-circular:CircularPro, Arial CircularPro Fallback, sans-serif;--font-calibre:Calibre, Arial Calibre Fallback, sans-serif;--basefont:0.625rem;}</style><style id="__jsx-2356626725">@font-face{font-family:"CircularPro";src: url("/static/fonts/lineto-circular-pro-book.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/static/fonts/lineto-circular-pro-book.woff") format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:"Calibre";src: url("/static/fonts/calibre-medium-full.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/static/fonts/calibre-medium-full.woff") format("woff");font-weight:600;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:"Calibre";src: url("/static/fonts/calibre-regular-full.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/static/fonts/calibre-regular-full.woff") format("woff");font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:"Arial Calibre Fallback";src:local("Arial");size-adjust:86%;-webkit-descent-override:0%;descent-override:0%;}@font-face{font-family:"Arial CircularPro Fallback";src:local("Arial");size-adjust:102%;}@font-face{font-family:"CircularPro";src: url("/static/fonts/lineto-circular-pro-bold.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/static/fonts/lineto-circular-pro-bold.woff") format("woff");font-weight:600;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}@font-face{font-family:"Calibre";src: url("/static/fonts/calibre-light-full.woff2") format("woff2"), url("/static/fonts/calibre-light-full.woff") format("woff");font-weight:200;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;}</style><style id="__jsx-433997633">.heading-1,.heading-2,.heading-3,.heading-4,.heading-5,.heading-6,.app .block-text h2,.app .block-text h3,.app .block-text h5,.app .block-text h4{font-family:var(--font-circular);line-height:1.25;font-weight:600;color:var(--grey-100);}.heading-1{font-size:2.16rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.heading-1{font-size:2.592rem;}}.heading-2,.app .block-text h2:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.8rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.heading-2,.app .block-text h2:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2.16rem;}}.heading-3{font-size:1.5rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.heading-3{font-size:1.8rem;}}.heading-4{font-size:1.25rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.heading-4{font-size:1.5rem;}}.heading-5,.app .block-text h5:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.125rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.heading-5,.app .block-text h5:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.25rem;}}.heading-6,.app .block-text h6:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.125rem;}p,main a,p a{font-family:var(--font-calibre);}p{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--grey-100);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);overflow-wrap:anywhere;}p.teaser{line-height:1.25;color:var(--grey-80);font-size:1.125rem;}a{color:var(--blue-80);border-radius:4px;outline-color:var(--orange-40);}a:hover{color:var(--blue-90);}main a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}p a:visited{color:var(--blue-90);}.subhead,.intro-text,.intro-text p{color:var(--grey-80);line-height:1.5;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1.125rem;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.intro-text,.intro-text p{font-size:1.25rem;}}.caption{font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1rem;line-height:20px;}h1:not([class*="heading-"]),h2:not([class*="heading-"]),h3:not([class*="heading-"]),h4:not([class*="heading-"]){font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:600;color:var(--grey-100);}h1:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2.125rem;line-height:1.2;}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){h1:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2.375rem;line-height:1.4;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){h1:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2.625rem;line-height:1.4;}}h2:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.2;}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){h2:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2rem;line-height:1.4;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){h2:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.4;}}h3:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.3;}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){h3:not([class*="heading-"]){line-height:1.4;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){h3:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.75rem;line-height:1.4;}}h4:not([class*="heading-"]){font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:600;font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.4;}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){h4:not([class*="heading-"]){font-size:1.5rem;}}</style><style id="__jsx-1443451971">.container{margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;}.root{min-width:320px;width:100%;padding:0;}.container{display:block;margin:0 auto;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;width:100%;max-width:1024px;}@media (max-width:767px){.container.mobile-full-width{width:100%;padding:0;}}.row{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex:0 1 auto;-ms-flex:0 1 auto;flex:0 1 auto;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-right:-5px;margin-left:-5px;}.row--no-pad{margin-right:0;margin-left:0;}.col-xs-12{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;padding-right:5px;padding-left:5px;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;max-width:100%;}@media only screen and (min-width:460px){.container{width:460px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.container{width:748px;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.container{width:890px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.container-mobile-only{margin:0 auto;padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px;width:100%;max-width:460px;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.container-tablet-desktop-only{margin:0 auto;width:748px;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;max-width:1024px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.container-tablet-desktop-only{width:890px;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}}.container-row{margin:0 auto;padding-right:12px;padding-left:12px;width:100%;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.container-row{padding-right:40px;padding-left:40px;max-width:calc(40px + 1160px + 40px);}}.ut-wrapper{position:relative;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.ut-row{width:calc(554 * (100% + 40px + 40px) / 834);max-width:760px;}}</style><style id="__jsx-3647504613">.table__heading{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:600;font-size:1.625rem;line-height:1.25;text-align:left;color:var(--grey-100);display:block;margin-bottom:24px;}table:not([class]),.table-default{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;border:none;border-top:2px solid var(--blue-60);table-layout:fixed;}table:not([class]) th,.table-default th{font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-weight:600;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.25;color:var(--grey-80);min-height:52px;text-align:left;background-color:#f9f9f980;padding:14px 12px;}table:not([class]) td,.table-default td{padding:12px 12px 16px;background:white;font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.25;color:var(--grey-100);}table:not([class]) tbody tr,.table-default tbody tr:not(.ppc__table-row){border-bottom:1px solid var(--grey-05);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){table:not([class]) tbody tr:hover td,.table-default tbody tr:hover td{background:var(--grey-05);}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.table__heading{margin-bottom:16px;font-size:1.5rem;}table:not([class]) th,.table-default th{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.25;padding:10px 8px 12px 8px;}table:not([class]) th,.table-default td{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.25;padding:12px 8px 11px 8px;}table:not([class]) tbody tr:first-child td,.table-default tbody tr:first-child td{padding-top:16px;}}.table-not-stacked{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);display:block;overflow:auto;overflow-y:hidden;}.table-not-stacked td,.table-not-stacked th{min-width:100px;}.table-not-stacked th,.table-stacked th{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:600;font-size:1rem;color:var(--grey-100);}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.table-stacked th{display:none;}.table-stacked tr{border-top:2px solid var(--blue-60);border-bottom:none;}.table-stacked td{display:block;}.table-stacked td:first-child{padding-top:16px;}.table-stacked td:last-of-type{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}.table-stacked td:before{content:attr(data-header);display:block;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:600;font-size:0.875rem;color:var(--grey-100);text-align:left;text-transform:uppercase;padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}}.table-default.table-all-centre td,.table-default.table-all-centre th{text-align:center;}.table-default.table-1col_left-rest_centre td:not(:first-of-type),.table-default.table-1col_left-rest_centre th:not(:first-of-type){text-align:center;}.table-default.table-2col_left-rest_centre td:nth-of-type(n + 3),.table-default.table-2col_left-rest_centre th:nth-of-type(n + 3){text-align:center;}.table-caption,.app .block-text .table-caption{font-size:1.125rem;color:var(--grey-60);line-height:1.25;margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.table-caption,.app .block-text .table-caption{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 12);}}table code,.app .block-text table code{font-family:monospace;font-size:0.875rem;background:none;padding:0;color:initial;}table:not([class])::-webkit-scrollbar,.table-default::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);height:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}table:not([class])::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb,.table-default::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:4px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.25);}.table-default a{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}</style><style id="__jsx-2318686448">.button-primary{display:inline-block;text-align:center;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2) calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:normal;line-height:1;color:white;background-color:#5d66eb;border-radius:5px;border:none;outline-color:var(--orange-40);cursor:pointer;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0 );background-position:center;-webkit-transition:background 800ms;transition:background 800ms;}.button-primary:hover{color:white;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background:var(--blue-90) radial-gradient(circle,transparent 2%,var(--blue-90) 2%) center/10000%;}.button-primary:active{-webkit-transition:background 0s;transition:background 0s;background-size:100%;background-color:var(--blue-80);}.button-primary.mod-dark-bg:hover{color:var(--grey-100);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background:var(--blue-40) radial-gradient(circle,transparent 2%,var(--blue-40) 2%) center/10000%;}.button-primary.mod-dark-b:active{-webkit-transition:background 0s;transition:background 0s;background-size:100%;background-color:var(--blue-80);}.button-secondary{display:inline-block;text-align:center;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2) calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:normal;line-height:1;color:var(--grey-100);background-color:white;border-radius:5px;border:1px solid var(--grey-30);outline-color:var(--orange-40);cursor:pointer;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0 );background-position:center;-webkit-transition:background 800ms;transition:background 800ms;}.button-secondary:hover{color:var(--grey-100);-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background:var(--grey-05) radial-gradient(circle,transparent 2%,white 2%) center/10000%;}.button-secondary:active{-webkit-transition:background 0s;transition:background 0s;background-size:100%;background-color:var(--grey-05);}.button-secondary:disabled,.button-primary:disabled{background:var(--grey-40);cursor:not-allowed;}.button-text{color:var(--blue-80);cursor:pointer;border:none;background-color:transparent;padding:0;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1rem;font-weight:normal;line-height:1.25;}.button-text:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:var(--blue-90);}.mod-thick{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;}.mod-slim{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.2;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1) calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.mod-slim-tablet-up{font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.2;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1) calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}}.mod-rounded{border-radius:30px;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2) calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}</style><style id="__jsx-490617698">.link-loading{cursor:progress;}.ellipsis{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap;}.flex{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.flex-align-items-center{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}.flex-pills{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.flex-pills{-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;text-align:center;}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.flex-pills *:first-child{-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}}.visually-hidden{position:absolute;left:-9999px;top:-9999px;color:transparent;}.icon-chevron-left{-webkit-transform:rotate(180deg);-ms-transform:rotate(180deg);transform:rotate(180deg);}.icon-chevron-down{-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);}.icon-chevron-up{-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:rotate(270deg);transform:rotate(270deg);}.ml-1{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}.ml-2{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.mr-1{margin-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}.mr-2{margin-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar{background-color:#fff;width:16px;}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-track{background-color:#fff;}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-track:hover{background-color:#f4f4f4;}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color:#babac0;border-radius:16px;border:5px solid #fff;}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover{background-color:#a0a0a5;border:4px solid #f4f4f4;}.custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-button{display:none;}</style><style id="__jsx-3040803073">@media screen and (max-width:768px){html::-webkit-scrollbar{width:0;background:transparent;}}body{background-color:white;font-family:var(--font-calibre);overflow-x:hidden;}body.lock{overflow:hidden;}</style><style id="__jsx-3589725216">[data-dollar-value]{border-bottom:1px dashed var(--grey-70);cursor:pointer;}</style><style id="__jsx-1164853676">.skip-nav{position:absolute;top:-999px;}.skip-nav:focus{top:0;}.btn-search{background:none;border:none;width:44px;padding:0;position:absolute;right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2 + 44px);z-index:4;height:48px;font-size:1.5rem;margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);cursor:pointer;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.btn-search{margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.btn-search{right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}}.btn-search svg{-webkit-transform:translateY(2px);-ms-transform:translateY(2px);transform:translateY(2px);}.hamburger{background:none;border:none;width:44px;padding:0;position:absolute;right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);z-index:100;height:48px;font-size:1.5rem;margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);cursor:pointer;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.hamburger{margin-top:0;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hamburger{display:none;}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.main-header__nav{background:white;position:fixed;z-index:5;right:-400px;top:0;height:100%;width:320px;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;overflow-y:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hidden-lg-menu,.main-header__nav>ul>li.submenuOpen>ul.hidden-lg-menu,.main-header__nav>ul>li:hover>ul.hidden-lg-menu{display:none;}.main-header__nav{display:inline-block;float:left;}.main-header__nav a{color:var(--grey-100);}.main-header__nav>ul{line-height:0.9;}.main-header__nav>ul>li{float:left;position:relative;height:48px;margin-top:-16px;padding-top:16px;margin-left:26px;}.main-header__nav>ul>li>a,.main-header__nav>ul>li>span.main-menu{cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1rem;padding:16px 0;width:auto;}.main-header__nav>ul>li>ul{display:none;}.main-header__nav>ul>li.active>span.main-menu,.main-header__nav>ul>li.active>a{font-weight:bold;}}</style><style id="__jsx-1793027758">@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.main-header__nav>ul.ppc>li:first-child{margin-left:62px;}.main-header__nav>ul.ppc>li{margin-left:40px;}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.main-header__overlay{background-color:var(--blue-100);width:100%;position:fixed;overflow:hidden;height:0;left:0;top:-100px;z-index:-2;-webkit-transition:opacity 0.25s ease;transition:opacity 0.25s ease;opacity:0;}.main-header__wrapper.active .main-header__overlay{z-index:2;opacity:0.5;height:122%;}}</style><style id="__jsx-2034782048">.main-header{display:block;background:white;height:58px;padding:0 12px;position:relative;box-shadow:2px 2px 4px 0 rgba(114,114,157,0.15);z-index:2;}.main-header>.container{width:100%;}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.main-header>.container{max-width:none;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;}}.main-header__logo{height:20px;display:block;float:left;margin:18px 0;cursor:pointer;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.main-header{height:calc(var(--base-unit) * 12);padding:0 18px;}.main-header__logo{margin:14px 0;}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.main-header{padding:0;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.main-header{padding:0;}.main-header__nav>ul>li:first-child{margin-left:48px;}}</style><style id="__jsx-3130565390">.date-wtu-container.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.date-wtu-container.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-column-gap:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);column-gap:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.date-wtu-container.jsx-3130565390{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}}.author-updated.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:0.875rem;color:var(--grey-100);-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);-webkit-flex:1 0 auto;-ms-flex:1 0 auto;flex:1 0 auto;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.author-updated.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-box-flex:0;-webkit-flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;margin-bottom:0;}}.icon-tick.jsx-3130565390{background-color:var(--grey-100);fill:white;display:inline-block;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;text-align:center;margin-right:4px;padding:1px;}.wtu-button.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1) calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;gap:4px;border-radius:10px;background:var(--blue-20);border:none;cursor:pointer;pointer-events:none;}.wtu-button.jsx-3130565390 span.jsx-3130565390{color:var(--grey-100);font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1rem;}.authors-grid.jsx-3130565390{padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);border-bottom:1px solid var(--grey-30);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.authors-grid.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.authors-grid.jsx-3130565390{padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}}.main-author.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.main-author.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;margin-bottom:0;}}.amp.jsx-3130565390{margin:0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.author-photo.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.author-photo.jsx-3130565390 img{background:white;border-radius:50%;width:32px;height:32px;overflow:hidden;}.author-photo.jsx-3130565390 :nth-child(n + 2){margin-left:-6px !important;}.author-name.jsx-3130565390 strong.jsx-3130565390,.amp.jsx-3130565390{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:0.875rem;font-weight:bold;color:var(--grey-100);}.author-name.jsx-3130565390:hover strong.jsx-3130565390{cursor:pointer;}.author-toggle.jsx-3130565390{background:none;border:none;cursor:pointer;padding:0;margin:0;width:40px;height:40px;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.author-toggle.jsx-3130565390{width:32px;height:32px;}}.author-toggle.jsx-3130565390:focus{outline:none;}.author-toggle.jsx-3130565390:focus.jsx-3130565390:hover{color:var(--grey-100);}.author-toggle.jsx-3130565390 svg.jsx-3130565390{margin-top:4px;}.author-bio.jsx-3130565390:not(.opened){display:none;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.author-bio.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:1 0 100%;-ms-flex:1 0 100%;flex:1 0 100%;-webkit-order:3;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}}.bio-authors.jsx-3130565390{font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25rem;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.bio-authors.jsx-3130565390{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}}.bio-authors.jsx-3130565390 a{font-weight:bold;}.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390{margin-bottom:0;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;-webkit-order:2;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}}.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 span.jsx-3130565390{display:block;}@media screen and (max-width:833px){.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 span.jsx-3130565390:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 span.jsx-3130565390+span.jsx-3130565390:before{content:"|";color:var(--grey-40);padding:0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}}.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 span.jsx-3130565390,.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 a{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25;}.supporting-authors.jsx-3130565390 a{color:var(--grey-100);font-weight:bold;position:relative;z-index:2;}.translated.jsx-3130565390{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;border-radius:10px;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) 0 0;-webkit-column-gap:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);column-gap:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}.translated.jsx-3130565390:not(.opened){display:none;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.translated.jsx-3130565390{width:auto;-webkit-order:4;-ms-flex-order:4;order:4;margin-top:0;}}.translated.jsx-3130565390 svg.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 7);-ms-flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 7);flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 7);}.translated.jsx-3130565390 p.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25rem;margin:0;padding-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.translated.jsx-3130565390 p.jsx-3130565390{-webkit-flex:1 0 auto;-ms-flex:1 0 auto;flex:1 0 auto;}}.blue .translated.jsx-3130565390{background-color:var(--blue-20);}.green .translated.jsx-3130565390{background-color:var(--green-20);}.orange .translated.jsx-3130565390{background-color:var(--orange-20);}</style><style id="__jsx-1557524140">.ut-header.jsx-1557524140:before{content:"";display:block;position:absolute;top:-80px;left:0;width:100%;height:567px;z-index:-1;}.ut-header.blue.jsx-1557524140:before{background-image:linear-gradient( 178deg, #e9ebfa 31.09%, rgba(235,242,252,0) 75.32% );}.ut-header.green.jsx-1557524140:before{background-image:linear-gradient( 178deg, #e4f5f5 12.27%, rgba(235,242,252,0) 76.71% );}.ut-header.orange.jsx-1557524140:before{background-image:linear-gradient( 178deg, #faf0ed 12.27%, rgba(235,242,252,0) 76.71% );}.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 h1.jsx-1557524140{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 h1.jsx-1557524140{padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 h1.jsx-1557524140{padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}}.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 .disclosure.jsx-1557524140{font-family:var(—font-circular);font-size:0.875rem;color:var(--grey-80);padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);margin-bottom:0;}.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 .disclosure.jsx-1557524140 b{font-weight:bold;}.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 .disclosure.jsx-1557524140 a{font-family:var(--font-circular);white-space:nowrap;}.main-header{box-shadow:none;}.main-header{background-color:transparent;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.ut-header.jsx-1557524140 .container-mobile-only{max-width:none;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}}</style><style id="__jsx-912259115">.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 7);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115{padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115{padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 ol.jsx-912259115{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115{font-size:1rem;line-height:20px;}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115:last-of-type{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115:last-of-type a,.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115:last-of-type a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:default;}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 .trigger.jsx-912259115{display:none;cursor:pointer;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 .long.jsx-912259115 .trigger.jsx-912259115{display:block;}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 .long.jsx-912259115 .inner-slice.jsx-912259115{display:block;width:0;height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;}}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115:not(:last-of-type):after{content:"/";padding:0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 li.jsx-912259115,.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 a{color:var(--grey-70);}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 a{font-family:var(--font-calibre);}.breadcrumbs.jsx-912259115 img{-webkit-transform:translateY(3px);-ms-transform:translateY(3px);transform:translateY(3px);}.bc-logo.jsx-912259115{display:inline-block;width:16px;height:16px;}</style><style id="__jsx-2580530280">.app section.block-text{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app section.block-text{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 14);}}.app .block-text a{word-break:break-word;}.app .block-text .block-highlighted{border-radius:5px;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4) 0;background-color:var(--grey-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--light{background-color:var(--grey-05);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--blue{background-color:var(--blue-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--orange{background-color:var(--orange-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--green{background-color:var(--green-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--yellow{background-color:var(--yellow-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.block-highlighted--pink{background-color:var(--pink-10);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted.flex>*:first-child{margin-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.app .block-text .block-highlighted{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}}.app .block-text .block-highlighted p>ol,.app .block-text .block-highlighted p>ul,.app .block-text .block-highlighted ul li>ol,.app .block-text .block-highlighted ul li>ul,.app .block-text .block-highlighted ol li>ol,.app .block-text .block-highlighted ol li>ul{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}.app .block-text .block-highlighted *:first-child{margin-top:0;}.app .block-text .block-highlighted *:last-child li:last-of-type,.app .block-text .block-highlighted *:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.app .block-text .iframe-wrapper{max-width:710px;margin:0 auto;}.app .block-text .iframe-wrapper div{position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding-top:56.25%;}.app .block-text .iframe-wrapper iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;border:0;}.app .block-text .wp-caption{max-width:100%;width:100% !important;text-align:center;margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8) auto;}.app .block-text .wp-caption img{margin-bottom:0;}.app .block-text .wp-caption.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.app .block-text .wp-caption .wp-caption-text{text-align:center;font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:calc(var(--basefont) * 1.6);line-height:1.12;-webkit-letter-spacing:0.3px;-moz-letter-spacing:0.3px;-ms-letter-spacing:0.3px;letter-spacing:0.3px;color:var(--grey-60);margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.app .block-text h2{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text h2{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}}.app .block-text.article-body--single-chapter h2{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text.article-body--single-chapter h2{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 12) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.app .block-text.article-body--single-chapter h2{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 14) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}}.app .block-text h3,.app .block-text h4{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8) auto calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text h3,.app .block-text h4{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10) auto calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}}.app .block-text h5{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}.app .block-text .img-wrapper{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center;}.app .block-text img{height:auto;max-width:100%;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}.app .block-text img.aligncenter{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.app .block-text figure{margin-bottom:var(--spacing-md);}.app .block-text figure figcaption{font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;color:var(--grey-40);padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.app .block-text figure{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}}.app .block-text b,.app .block-text strong{font-weight:bold;}.app .block-text i,.app .block-text em{font-style:italic;}.app .block-text ul{list-style-type:disc;}.app .block-text ol{list-style-type:decimal;}.app .block-text ul,.app .block-text ol{list-style-position:outside;margin-left:19px;font-family:var(--font-calibre);padding:0;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text ul,.app .block-text ol{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 7);}}.app .block-text ul:not([class]),.app .block-text ol:not([class]){margin-left:28px;}.app .block-text ul.columns-2,.app .block-text ol.columns-2{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.app .block-text ul.columns-2>li,.app .block-text ol.columns-2>li{width:100%;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text ul.columns-2>li,.app .block-text ol.columns-2>li{width:calc(50% - 10px);}}.app .block-text ul.columns-2>li,.app .block-text ol.columns-2>li{-webkit-flex:1 0 auto;-ms-flex:1 0 auto;flex:1 0 auto;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text ul.columns-2>li:nth-child(odd),.app .block-text ol.columns-2>li:nth-child(odd){margin-right:10px;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text ul.columns-2>li:nth-child(even),.app .block-text ol.columns-2>li:nth-child(even){margin-left:10px;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text ul.columns-two,.app .block-text ol.columns-two{-webkit-column-count:2;column-count:2;}}.app .block-text ul.alpha-lower,.app .block-text ol.alpha-lower{list-style:inside lower-latin;}.app .block-text ul ol,.app .block-text ol ol{list-style-type:decimal;}.app .block-text ul ul,.app .block-text ol ul{list-style-type:circle;}.app .block-text ul li,.app .block-text ol li{color:var(--grey-100);line-height:1.5;font-size:1.25rem;margin-bottom:var(--spacing-sm);}.app .block-text ul li>ul,.app .block-text ul li>ol,.app .block-text ol li>ul,.app .block-text ol li>ol{margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4) 0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}.app .block-text ul li>ul.columns-2,.app .block-text ul li>ol.columns-2,.app .block-text ol li>ul.columns-2,.app .block-text ol li>ol.columns-2{padding:var(--spacing-md) 0 0 0;}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.app .block-text ul li,.app .block-text ol li{margin-bottom:var(--spacing-sm);}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.app .block-text ul li,.app .block-text ol li{margin-bottom:var(--spacing-sm);}}.app .block-text ul li img:last-child,.app .block-text ol li img:last-child{margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}.app .block-text iframe{max-width:100%;}.app .block-text .icon-list{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0;}.app .block-text .icon-list li{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:20px 20px;background-position:0 6px;padding-left:28px;}.app .block-text .icon-list-tick li{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%0A%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%230d8078' d='M9.2 16.2l-3.5-3.5a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4l4.2 4.2c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0L20.5 7.7c.4-.4.4-1 0-1.4a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0l-9.9 9.9z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.app .block-text .icon-list-cross li{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%0A%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23d62b4d' fill-rule='evenodd' d='M18.3 5.7a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0L12 10.6 7.1 5.7a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4l4.9 4.9-4.9 4.9a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0l4.9-4.9 4.9 4.9c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0 .4-.4.4-1 0-1.4L13.4 12l4.9-4.9c.4-.4.4-1 0-1.4z' clip-rule='evenodd'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.app .block-text span.circle{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1.375rem;border:3px solid var(--grey-100);color:var(--grey-100);font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:35px;height:35px;border-radius:50px;line-height:28px;float:left;margin:-1px 8px 0 0;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;}.app .block-text blockquote{border-left:2px solid var(--green-40);margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8) 0;}.app .block-text blockquote p{font-family:var(--font-circular);line-height:1.5;font-size:1.25rem;color:var(--grey-100);padding-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);-webkit-letter-spacing:unset;-moz-letter-spacing:unset;-ms-letter-spacing:unset;letter-spacing:unset;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.app .block-text blockquote p{font-size:1.375rem;}}.app .block-text blockquote a{font-family:var(--font-circular);}.app .block-text code{background:var(--grey-05);padding:var(--base-unit) calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);border-radius:3px;font-family:monospace;font-size:1rem;color:var(--grey-100);}.app .block-text .spacer{height:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}.app .block-text .green-cta{background-color:var(--green-10);border-radius:5px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);color:var(--green-100);padding:0;text-align:left;}.app .block-text .green-cta:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background:var(--green-20) radial-gradient(circle,transparent 2%,var(--green-20) 2%) center/10000%;}.app .block-text .green-cta:hover svg{-webkit-transform:translateX(2px);-ms-transform:translateX(2px);transform:translateX(2px);}.app .block-text .green-cta:active{background-size:100%;background-color:var(--green-30);}.app .block-text .green-cta .green-cta--contents{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);line-height:1.25;font-weight:bold;font-family:var(--font-calibre);font-size:1.25rem;}.app .block-text .green-cta .green-cta--icon-area{background-color:var(--green-50);min-width:30px;min-height:calc(var(--base-unit) * 13);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;}.app .block-text .green-cta .green-cta--icon-area:before{-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-flex-grow:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;}.app .block-text .green-cta svg{fill:white;}</style><style id="__jsx-3768225127">.toc-mobile-placeholder.jsx-3768225127{height:calc(var(--base-unit) * 13);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.toc-mobile-placeholder.jsx-3768225127{display:none;}}.toc-mobile.jsx-3768225127{display:none;}@media screen and (max-width:833px){.toc-mobile.jsx-3768225127{display:block;background-color:var(--grey-90);padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}}.toc-mobile.sticky.jsx-3768225127{margin:0;width:100vw;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:100;}.toc-mobile.jsx-3768225127 button.jsx-3768225127{background:white;border:none;border-radius:5px;color:var(--grey-100);font-family:var(--font-circular);font-weight:bold;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;text-transform:uppercase;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);text-align:left;width:100%;outline:none;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.toc-mobile.jsx-3768225127 span.jsx-3768225127{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;}.toc-mobile.jsx-3768225127 svg.jsx-3768225127{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);-webkit-flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);-ms-flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);flex:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}@media (min-width:834px){aside.jsx-3768225127{position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;z-index:10;top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}}.main-list.jsx-3768225127{list-style:none;}@media screen and (max-width:833px){.main-list.jsx-3768225127{display:none;}}.main-list.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127{color:var(--grey-70);margin:1px 0;}.main-list.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127 ol.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}.main-list.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127 .inner-list-wrapper.jsx-3768225127{display:grid;grid-template-rows:0fr;-webkit-transition:250ms grid-template-rows ease;transition:250ms grid-template-rows ease;}.main-list.jsx-3768225127 li.open.jsx-3768225127 .inner-list-wrapper.jsx-3768225127{grid-template-rows:1fr;}.main-list.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127 .inner-list-wrapper.jsx-3768225127 ol.jsx-3768225127{overflow:hidden;}li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;display:block;font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.125rem;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);background-color:transparent;border-radius:5px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms;transition:background-color 250ms;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127{font-size:0.875rem;}}li.jsx-3768225127 a.active.jsx-3768225127,li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media screen and (min-width:834px){li.jsx-3768225127 a.active.jsx-3768225127,li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127:hover{background-color:var(--grey-10);}}li.jsx-3768225127 a.active.jsx-3768225127{font-weight:bold;color:var(--grey-100);}li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127:not(.active):link,li.jsx-3768225127 a.jsx-3768225127:not(.active):visited{color:var(--grey-100);}li.jsx-3768225127 a.has-list.jsx-3768225127{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-right:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}@media screen and (min-width:834px){.has-list.jsx-3768225127 svg.jsx-3768225127{display:none;}}li.open.jsx-3768225127 a.has-list.jsx-3768225127 svg.jsx-3768225127{-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:rotate(270deg);transform:rotate(270deg);}body[data-overlays*="mobile-jumplinks"]{overflow:hidden;}@media (max-width:833px){.jumplinks.fullscreen.jsx-3768225127{overflow-y:scroll;height:100vh;height:100dvh;width:100vw;background:rgba(28,32,87,0.7);margin:0;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;z-index:100;}}@media (max-width:833px){.jumplinks.fullscreen.jsx-3768225127 .main-list.jsx-3768225127{display:block;height:auto;margin:0;width:100%;border:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1) solid var(--grey-90);border-top:none;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);background:white;border-radius:0 0 10px 10px;}}@media (max-width:833px){.jumplinks.fullscreen.jsx-3768225127 .inner-list-wrapper.jsx-3768225127 ol.jsx-3768225127{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * -2);background:var(--grey-10);width:calc(100% + var(--base-unit) * 4);}}@media (max-width:833px){.jumplinks.fullscreen.jsx-3768225127 .inner-list-wrapper.jsx-3768225127 li.jsx-3768225127:hover{background:inherit;}}@media (max-width:833px){body[data-overlays*="mobile-jumplinks"] #footer #back-to-top-btn,body[data-overlays*="mobile-jumplinks"] .main-header{z-index:-1;}}</style><style id="__jsx-1962843399">.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399{border-radius:10px;background-color:var(--grey-05);border:1px solid var(--grey-30);overflow:hidden;margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399 .handshake{height:62px;width:48.72px;margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) auto;display:block;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399 .handshake{-webkit-flex:0 0 48.72px;-ms-flex:0 0 48.72px;flex:0 0 48.72px;margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5) 0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}}.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399 .heading-5{text-align:center;margin:0 auto calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.why-trust-us.jsx-1962843399 .heading-5{text-align:left;}}.text.jsx-1962843399{padding:0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.text.jsx-1962843399{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);--widthAndMargin:calc(48.72px + calc(var(--base-unit) * 5));-webkit-flex:1 1 calc(100% - var(--widthAndMargin));-ms-flex:1 1 calc(100% - var(--widthAndMargin));flex:1 1 calc(100% - var(--widthAndMargin));}}.text.jsx-1962843399 div.jsx-1962843399 p{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25rem;}.text.jsx-1962843399 div.jsx-1962843399 p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.stats.not-open.jsx-1962843399{max-height:60px;overflow:hidden;position:relative;cursor:pointer;}.stats.not-open.jsx-1962843399:before{content:"";background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='12' height='8' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 12 8'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23000' d='m6.7 7.3 4.6-4.6a1 1 0 1 0-1.4-1.4L6 5.2l-3.9-4A1 1 0 1 0 .7 2.8l4.6 4.6c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0Z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");position:absolute;top:calc(50% - 4px);left:calc(50% - 12px);width:12px;height:8px;}.stats.not-open.jsx-1962843399:after{content:"";position:absolute;background:linear-gradient( 180deg, rgba(255,255,255,0) 30%, rgba(255,255,255,1) 80% );top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;}}.stats.jsx-1962843399{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);background-color:var(--grey-10);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.stats.jsx-1962843399{-webkit-flex:0 0 100%;-ms-flex:0 0 100%;flex:0 0 100%;padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4) calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}}table.jsx-1962843399{width:100%;table-layout:fixed;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){table.jsx-1962843399 tbody.jsx-1962843399{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}}table.jsx-1962843399 tr.jsx-1962843399{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' fill='none' viewBox='0 0 24 24' %3E%3Cpath fill='%230D8078' d='M22.3 3.6a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0l-8.9 9-3.2-3.2a1 1 0 1 0-1.3 1.4l3.8 3.8a1 1 0 0 0 1.4 0L22.3 5a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.4Z' /%3E%3Cpath fill='%230D8078' d='M22.3 9.9a1 1 0 0 0-1.8.4 8.6 8.6 0 1 1-4.3-5.8 1 1 0 1 0 1-1.7 10.6 10.6 0 1 0 5.1 7Z' /%3E%3C/svg%3E");font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:14px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;padding-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 9);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){table.jsx-1962843399 tr.jsx-1962843399{-webkit-flex:1 1 0;-ms-flex:1 1 0;flex:1 1 0;}}table.jsx-1962843399 tr.jsx-1962843399:not(:last-of-type){margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){table.jsx-1962843399 tr.jsx-1962843399:not(:last-of-type){margin-bottom:0;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){table.jsx-1962843399 tr.jsx-1962843399:not(:first-of-type){margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}}.value.jsx-1962843399{line-height:1.25;}.title.jsx-1962843399{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);line-height:1;}</style><style id="__jsx-3313091859">.tooltip-toast-group.jsx-3313091859{position:absolute;z-index:5000;}.icon-cross.jsx-3313091859{fill:white;}@media screen and (max-width:7674px){.tooltip-toast-wrapper.jsx-3313091859{width:100%;}}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859{display:block;-webkit-order:3;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 p,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ul li,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a:link,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a:visited{font-family:var(--font-calibre);color:white;line-height:1.25;font-size:1rem;}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a:link,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 a:visited{color:var(--blue-40);}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 *:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ul,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ol{margin:0 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ul{list-style:disc;}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ol li,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ul li{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);}.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859 ol{list-style:decimal;}.tooltip-toast.jsx-3313091859{padding:12px;background:var(--grey-100);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.tooltip-toast.jsx-3313091859:not(.active){display:none;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.tooltip-toast.jsx-3313091859{-webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.5s ease-in-out, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;-webkit-transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out, opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;position:fixed;top:100%;left:0;right:0;padding-bottom:22px;-webkit-animation:bounce-jsx-3313091859 0.5s ease-in-out forwards;animation:bounce-jsx-3313091859 0.5s ease-in-out forwards;}}@-webkit-keyframes bounce-jsx-3313091859{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0%);-ms-transform:translateY(0%);transform:translateY(0%);}50%{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));-ms-transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));}}@keyframes bounce-jsx-3313091859{0%{-webkit-transform:translateY(0%);-ms-transform:translateY(0%);transform:translateY(0%);}50%{-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);-ms-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);}100%{-webkit-transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));-ms-transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));transform:translateY(calc(-100% + 10px));}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.tooltip-toast.jsx-3313091859{border-radius:16px;visibility:hidden;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.tooltip-toast.medium.jsx-3313091859{width:230px;}}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.tooltip-toast.large.jsx-3313091859{width:375px;}}.arrow.jsx-3313091859{display:none;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.arrow.active.jsx-3313091859{position:absolute;display:block;width:0;left:0;height:0;border-style:solid;border-width:10px;border-color:transparent;}}.arrow.active.bottom.jsx-3313091859{bottom:100%;border-top-width:0;border-bottom-color:var(--grey-100);}.arrow.active.top.jsx-3313091859{bottom:100%;border-bottom-width:0;border-top-color:var(--grey-100);}.arrow.active.right.jsx-3313091859{top:calc(50% - 5px);-webkit-transform:translateY(-25%);-ms-transform:translateY(-25%);transform:translateY(-25%);left:-10px;right:auto;border-left-width:0;border-right-color:var(--grey-100);}.tooltip-toast-header.jsx-3313091859{line-height:1.25;font-size:1rem;color:white;font-weight:bold;-webkit-order:1;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;}.tooltip-toast-header.jsx-3313091859,.tooltip-toast-content.jsx-3313091859{-webkit-flex:1 1 calc(100% - 24px - calc(var(--base-unit) * 2));-ms-flex:1 1 calc(100% - 24px - calc(var(--base-unit) * 2));flex:1 1 calc(100% - 24px - calc(var(--base-unit) * 2));max-width:calc(100% - 24px - calc(var(--base-unit) * 2));}.flex.jsx-3313091859{-webkit-align-items:flex-start;-webkit-box-align:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.flex.jsx-3313091859 button.jsx-3313091859{-webkit-order:2;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;-webkit-flex:0 0 24px;-ms-flex:0 0 24px;flex:0 0 24px;width:24px;height:24px;margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);}.flex.no-header.jsx-3313091859 button.jsx-3313091859{-webkit-order:3;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;}@media screen and (max-width:767px){#back-to-top-btn{margin-bottom:null;}}</style><style id="__jsx-2378246354">@media screen and (max-width:767px){[data-overlays*="comparison-tool"][data-overlays*="tooltip-toast-remote"] .comparison-preview{z-index:-1;}}</style><style id="__jsx-3150998698">.ut-content-jumplink-wrapper.jsx-3150998698{position:relative;}.btf.jsx-3150998698{content-visibility:auto;}.highlighted-chapter.jsx-3150998698{background-color:var(--grey-05);padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.highlighted-chapter.jsx-3150998698{padding-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 12);padding-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 12);}}.highlighted-chapter.jsx-3150998698 section.block-text{margin-bottom:0;}.ut-tldr.jsx-3150998698 .block-text > div:last-of-type > *:last-child,.ut-tldr.jsx-3150998698 .block-text > div:last-of-type > * > *:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.ut-tldr.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);}@media (min-width:834px){.ut-tldr.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 10);}}.ut-tldr.jsx-3150998698 .block-text *{font-family:var(--font-circular);font-size:1.125rem;}.ut-tldr-header.jsx-3150998698{display:inline-block;}.ut-tldr-header.jsx-3150998698 svg.jsx-3150998698{width:100%;height:10px;margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 0.5) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}@media (min-width:834px){.ut-tldr-header.jsx-3150998698 svg.jsx-3150998698{margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);max-width:210px;}}.main-image{width:100vw;height:auto;margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 1);margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * -3);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.main-image{margin-left:calc(var(--base-unit) * -10);}}@media (min-width:834px){.main-image{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);margin-left:initial;width:100%;}}.ut-jumplink.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3);}@media (min-width:834px){.ut-jumplink.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 6);position:absolute;z-index:10;top:0;right:40px;width:calc(160 * 100% / 834);max-width:260px;height:100%;}}@media (min-width:994px){.ut-jumplink.jsx-3150998698{width:calc(214 * 100% / 994);}}@media screen and (min-width:1240px){.ut-jumplink.jsx-3150998698{right:calc(((100vw - 1240px) / 2) + (1280px - 100vw));}}@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.ut-jumplink.jsx-3150998698{right:calc(((100vw - 1240px) / 2));}}.container-row.jsx-3150998698 .breadcrumbs{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}@media (min-width:834px){.container-row.jsx-3150998698 .breadcrumbs{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 8) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 14);}}hr.jsx-3150998698{border:none;height:1px;background-color:var(--grey-20);margin:calc(var(--base-unit) * 25) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 8);}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 20);content-visibility:auto;}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 ul.jsx-3150998698{margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:20px;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 ul.jsx-3150998698{-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;gap:24px;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 ul.jsx-3150998698{gap:40px;}}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 li.jsx-3150998698{cursor:pointer;background:white;border-radius:12px;box-shadow:0 1px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);max-width:400px;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 li.jsx-3150998698{-webkit-flex:1 1 calc(100% / 3);-ms-flex:1 1 calc(100% / 3);flex:1 1 calc(100% / 3);}}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 a.jsx-3150998698:link,.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 a.jsx-3150998698:visited{color:var(--grey-100);}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 p.jsx-3150998698{padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 3) calc(var(--base-unit) * 5) calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);margin-bottom:0;}.related-articles.jsx-3150998698 img{width:100%;height:auto;}.editorial-cards.jsx-3150998698 li.jsx-3150998698{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 14);}h2[id],h3[id],h5[id],h4[id]{-webkit-scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);-moz-scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);-ms-scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);scroll-margin-top:calc(var(--base-unit) * 5);}</style><style id="__jsx-4062602538">.footer{height:1170.5px;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.footer{height:779px;}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.footer{height:761.5px;}}#footer{overflow:hidden;background:linear-gradient(164deg,#fff 17.85%,#d4dffc 68.02%);padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 43) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 25);}@media screen and (min-width:768px){#footer{background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff 25.87%,#d4dffc 100%);padding:calc(var(--base-unit) * 70) 0 calc(var(--base-unit) * 25);}}.footer li{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.25;}.footer-about ul li{margin-bottom:calc(var(--base-unit) * 4);}.footer-social svg{max-width:40px;max-height:40px;}.language-selector-toggle{min-width:50%;padding:calc((var(--base-unit) * 2) - 2px) calc(var(--base-unit) * 2);color:var(--grey-100);}.language-popup{display:none;}.footer-small-print>div{font-size:1.125rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.footer-small-print>div a:not(:last-of-type):after{content:"|";display:inline-block;}}</style><style id="__jsx-4097244431">.app{z-index:1;position:relative;}</style></head><body><svg style="display:none"><defs><symbol id="svg-chevron"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15 11.6L10.4 7A1 1 0 0 0 9 7a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4l3.9 3.9L9 16.2a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0L15 13c.4-.4.4-1 0-1.4z"></path></svg></symbol><symbol id="svg-tick"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M9.2 16.2l-3.5-3.5a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4l4.2 4.2c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0L20.5 7.7c.4-.4.4-1 0-1.4a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0l-9.9 9.9z"></path></svg></symbol><symbol id="svg-cross"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M18.3 5.7a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0L12 10.6 7.1 5.7a1 1 0 0 0-1.4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4l4.9 4.9-4.9 4.9a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.4c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0l4.9-4.9 4.9 4.9c.4.4 1 .4 1.4 0 .4-.4.4-1 0-1.4L13.4 12l4.9-4.9c.4-.4.4-1 0-1.4z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></symbol><symbol id="svg-question"><svg width="18" height="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M.667 9C.667 4.4 4.4.667 9 .667S17.333 4.4 17.333 9 13.6 17.333 9 17.333A8.336 8.336 0 01.667 9zm1.666 0A6.676 6.676 0 009 15.667 6.676 6.676 0 0015.666 9 6.676 6.676 0 009 2.333 6.676 6.676 0 002.333 9zm7.5 3.333V14H8.166v-1.667h1.667zM5.816 6.358a3.335 3.335 0 013.692-2.325c1.45.217 2.592 1.442 2.792 2.892.19 1.345-.554 1.993-1.272 2.62-.131.115-.262.229-.386.347-.1.091-.192.183-.275.283-.005.004-.009.01-.013.017l-.012.016a2.3 2.3 0 00-.234.325c-.008.013-.014.025-.02.038a1.77 1.77 0 00-.254.93H8.165c0-.418.067-.76.167-1.043.004-.01.006-.02.008-.028a.122.122 0 01.009-.03c.004-.013.01-.023.017-.033.006-.01.012-.021.016-.034.059-.15.134-.291.209-.416l.012-.021.013-.021c0-.004.002-.006.004-.008s.004-.005.004-.009c.284-.427.664-.72 1.02-.994.512-.393.972-.747 1.021-1.406.067-.808-.516-1.583-1.308-1.75a1.668 1.668 0 00-1.917 1.067c-.116.317-.391.558-.733.558h-.167a.756.756 0 01-.725-.975z"></path></svg></symbol></defs></svg><div id="__next"><script>!function(t){function e(){var e=this||self;e.globalThis=e,delete t.prototype._T_}"object"!=typeof globalThis&&(this?e():(t.defineProperty(t.prototype,"_T_",{configurable:!0,get:e}),_T_))}(Object);</script><div class="jsx-4097244431 root"><header id="top" data-swiftype-index="false" class="jsx-2034782048 main-header"><div class="jsx-2034782048 container"><a href="/"><img src="/static/images/logo.svg" alt="Top10VPN" width="135" height="20" class="jsx-2034782048 main-header__logo"/></a><div class="jsx-3798940715 main-header__wrapper"><a href="#maincontent" class="jsx-3798940715 skip-nav">Skip to main content</a><div class="jsx-3798940715 main-header__overlay"></div><nav class="jsx-3798940715 main-header__nav"><ul class="jsx-3798940715"><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu"><a href="/best-vpn/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu">BEST VPN</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu megamenu-reviews"><a href="/reviews/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu">VPN REVIEWS</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu-tools"><a href="/vpn-explained/#seeallguides" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu"><span class="jsx-3798940715 attr"></span> WHAT IS A VPN</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu-tools"><a href="/tools/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu"><span class="jsx-3798940715 attr"></span> TOOLS</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 active megamenu-tools"><a href="/guides/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu">GUIDES</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu-tools"><a href="/research/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu">RESEARCH</a></li><li class="jsx-3798940715 megamenu-tools megamenu-right-edge"><a href="/about/" class="jsx-3798940715 main-menu">ABOUT</a></li></ul></nav><button type="button" aria-label="Search" class="jsx-3798940715 btn-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" class="jsx-3798940715"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27a6.5 6.5 0 001.48-5.34c-.47-2.78-2.79-5-5.59-5.34a6.505 6.505 0 00-7.27 7.27c.34 2.8 2.56 5.12 5.34 5.59a6.5 6.5 0 005.34-1.48l.27.28v.79l4.25 4.25c.41.41 1.08.41 1.49 0 .41-.41.41-1.08 0-1.49L15.5 14zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" class="jsx-3798940715"></path></svg></button><button type="button" aria-label="Menu" class="jsx-3798940715 hamburger icon-hamburger"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" class="jsx-3798940715"><path d="M4 18h16c.5 0 1-.5 1-1s-.5-1-1-1H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1c0 .5.5 1 1 1zm0-5h16c.5 0 1-.4 1-1s-.5-1-1-1H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1c0 .6.5 1 1 1zM3 7c0 .6.5 1 1 1h16c.5 0 1-.4 1-1s-.5-1-1-1H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1z" class="jsx-3798940715"></path></svg></button></div></div></header><main id="maincontent" class="jsx-4097244431 app"><div class="jsx-1557524140 ut-header blue"><div class="jsx-1557524140 container-row"><p data-swiftype-index="false" class="jsx-1557524140 disclosure">Top10VPN is editorially independent. We may <a href="/about/how-we-make-money/">earn commissions</a> if you buy a VPN via our links.</p></div><div class="jsx-1557524140 container-row"><h1 class="jsx-1557524140 heading-1">WireGuard vs OpenVPN</h1><div class="jsx-3130565390 author-header"><div class="jsx-3130565390 date-wtu-container"><time dateTime="2024-08-02T16:57:34.000Z" class="jsx-3130565390 author-updated"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="jsx-3130565390 icon-tick"><use xlink:href="#svg-tick" class="jsx-3130565390"></use></svg><span class="jsx-3130565390">Updated Aug 2, 2024</span></time></div><div class="jsx-3130565390 authors-grid"><div class="jsx-3130565390 main-author"><div class="jsx-3130565390 author-photo"><img alt="JP Jone's profile image" data-slug="jpjones" width="32" height="32" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F12%2Fexpertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg&w=32&q=75 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F12%2Fexpertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg&w=64&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F12%2Fexpertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg&w=64&q=75"/></div><div class="jsx-3130565390 author-name"><strong class="jsx-3130565390">JP Jones</strong></div><button aria-label="About authors" class="jsx-3130565390 author-toggle"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" class="jsx-3130565390 icon-chevron-down"><use xlink:href="#svg-chevron" class="jsx-3130565390"></use></svg></button></div><div class="jsx-3130565390 author-bio"><p class="jsx-3130565390 bio-authors">JP Jones is our CTO. He has over 25 years of software engineering and networking experience, and oversees all technical aspects of our VPN testing process. <a href="/about/vpn-experts/jpjones/">Read full bio</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row"><div class="jsx-912259115 breadcrumbs"><ol itemscope="" itemType="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList" class="jsx-912259115 "><li itemProp="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemType="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="jsx-912259115"><meta itemProp="position" content="1" class="jsx-912259115"/><a itemProp="item" class="bc-logo" href="https://www.top10vpn.com/"><meta itemProp="name" content="Home" class="jsx-912259115"/><img src="/static/images/logo-simplified-dark-1x1_ratio.svg" width="16" height="16" alt="Top10VPN" class="jsx-912259115"/></a></li><li itemProp="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemType="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="jsx-912259115 inner-slice"><meta itemProp="position" content="2" class="jsx-912259115"/><a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/" itemProp="item" class="jsx-912259115"><span itemProp="name" class="jsx-912259115">Guides</span></a></li><li itemProp="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemType="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="jsx-912259115"><a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" itemProp="item" class="jsx-912259115"><span itemProp="name" class="jsx-912259115">WireGuard vs OpenVPN</span></a><meta itemProp="position" content="3" class="jsx-912259115"/></li></ol></div></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 ut-content-jumplink-wrapper"><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper"><div class="jsx-3150998698 ut-tldr ut-row"><div class="jsx-3150998698 ut-tldr-header"><h2 class="heading-4">Our Verdict</h2><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 136 10" width="130" preserveAspectRatio="none" fill="none" class="jsx-3150998698"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M25.2 7.9c-1 .9-1.7-.3-2.6.1h-1c-1-.3-1.4 0-4.4.4l-.7-.1-6.7.2c-.8.4-1.1 0-3 .4-.8.1-1.6.4-2.4.2-.3-.1-2.3.3-2.9.7C.2 10.8.6 7.3.1 5c-.3-1.1.2-2 1-1.8 1.4.3 33.2-1.8 65.5-2.5C82.7.4 99 .2 111.4.2 124 .2 132.7.2 134 0c.3 0 1.2 0 1.7.8 1 2-.2 3.6-.2 4.1-.2 1.3-1 1-4.2.9-.4 0-1 .3-1.2-.2-.3-.6-12.4-.2-13-.2-1.6.1-2-.3-4.3-.2-2.6.3-.8.5-2.2.2-1.4-.2-.3-.3-1.7-.2l-7 .5c-7 .4-3.9.4-7 .3-3 0-3.2.2-8 0-.3 0-.2-.5-1-.2-.6.3-1.3.2-2.5.2-3 .1-2.8-.6-3.5 0h-.6c-3.2 0-3.4 0-3.8-.4-.6-.7-.6.8-2 .5h-.2c-1.8.8-7.4-.2-11.2.4-.3 0-.5.1-.8 0-1-.1-1.9.1-2.8.2-1.2 0-1-.6-2-.2-1.1.4-.8-.1-1.5 0-1.6.4-.8 0-1.7.2a7 7 0 0 1-3 0l-1.9.3c-1.9-.1-1.2-.5-2.4 0h-.5l-1.5.2h-1l-.4.1c-.8.3-1.4.1-1.7.2-1.2.3-2-.6-3-.2-1 .5-1 0-3.4.3-2.2.3-1.3-.2-3.3-.1-1 0-1.8-.1-2.7.2-1.2.5-1.6.1-2 .3-.7.2-.7.2-1.2-.1Z" fill="var(--blue-50)" class="jsx-3150998698"></path></svg></div><div class="jsx-2580530280 block-text"><div><p>The more recent WireGuard protocol outperforms OpenVPN in speed by a significant margin and is more efficient, using 15% less data. It also handles network transitions more smoothly and maintains robust security. However, OpenVPN has a proven track record, is more privacy-friendly, and is supported by more VPNs. </p> </div></div></div></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 ut-jumplink"><aside class="jsx-3768225127"><div class="jsx-3768225127 jumplinks"><div class="jsx-3768225127 toc-mobile"><button class="jsx-3768225127"><span class="jsx-3768225127">Table of Contents</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" class="jsx-3768225127 icon-chevron-down"><use xlink:href="#svg-chevron" class="jsx-3768225127"></use></svg></button></div><ol class="jsx-3768225127 main-list"><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#speed" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Speed</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#encryption-&-security" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Encryption & Security</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#privacy-&-logging" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Privacy & Logging</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#data-usage" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Data Usage</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#mobility" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Mobility</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#bypassing-censorship" class="jsx-3768225127 ">Bypassing Censorship</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#vpn-&-device-compatibility" class="jsx-3768225127 ">VPN & Device Compatibility</a></li><li class="jsx-3768225127 "><a href="#what-are-openvpn-and-wireguard" class="jsx-3768225127 ">What Are WireGuard & OpenVPN?</a></li></ol></div></aside></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper"><div class="jsx-3150998698 ut-row"><picture class="jsx-3150998698"><source srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=450&q=60 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=900&q=60 2x" media="(max-width: 380px)" width="393" height="222" class="jsx-3150998698"/><source srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=768&q=60 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=1520&q=60 2x" media="(min-width: 381px) and (max-width: 833px)" width="760" height="430" class="jsx-3150998698"/><source srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=900&q=80 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2021%2F06%2FWireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg&w=1700&q=80 2x" media="(min-width: 834px)" width="833" height="471" class="jsx-3150998698"/><img src="https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2021/06/WireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg" alt="an OpenVPN cyclist racing against a WireGuard cyclist" loading="eager" fetchpriority="high" class="jsx-3150998698 main-image"/></picture></div><section class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><div><p>OpenVPN was released in 2001 and is traditionally seen as the industry’s gold standard. But the new WireGuard VPN protocol has burst onto the scene since its release in 2015, and is now threatening to take that crown away from OpenVPN.</p> <p>In this in-depth guide, we <b>compare OpenVPN and WireGuard</b> to see which VPN protocol you should use.</p> <p>Our extensive lab tests reveal which of the protocols is best in seven key areas, including <b>security</b>, <b>speed</b>, <b>privacy</b>, <b>ease of use</b>, and more.</p> <p>We’ll also reveal how these protocols came into being, giving you background information on who’s behind them, and explain the differences in how they work.</p> </div><div id="why-trust-us" class="jsx-1962843399 why-trust-us"><svg class="handshake" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 49 62"><defs><clipPath id="handshakeclippath"><path fill="#fff" d="M.1 0h48.7v62H.1z"></path></clipPath></defs><g clip-path="url(#handshakeclippath)"><path fill="#1AA198" d="M38.6 20h-.4a30.5 30.5 0 0 1-13.6-1.5H24.3A30.8 30.8 0 0 1 10.7 20h-.4v3c0 2.1 0 4.8.2 6.1v.2l2.3 1c.4.3.7.6.8 1 .2.5.1 1-.1 1.5l-.6 1.1 2 1a2 2 0 0 0 1.1.2l1.3-.2c1.1-.2 2.6-.5 3.5-.5h.6c.6 0 1.6.6 2.3 1l1 .4H25c1.2-1 2.5-1.4 3.6-1.4l1.2.1 4 1 .6.1c.6 0 1-.2 1.5-.5l.5-.2-.1-.3-.3-.7c-.4-.7-.9-1.5-.6-2 0-.5.4-.9.8-1l2.1-1.1v-.2c.3-1.6.3-4.4.3-6.7v-3Z"></path><path fill="#096962" d="m7 29.7.5-.5a1.8 1.8 0 0 1 1.7-.4l.5.1v-.5c-.2-1.1-.1-5.1-.1-7.5v-1.3c0-.2.2-.4.4-.4a30 30 0 0 0 14.7-1.5A29.8 29.8 0 0 0 39 19.2c.3 0 .5.2.5.4v1.2l-.1 8v.6l.4-.1.5-.1c.5 0 .9.1 1.2.4l.5.4.1-.6c.2-1.5.2-5.8.1-9.3V16l-3.6.5a27 27 0 0 1-14-1.7h-.2a27.3 27.3 0 0 1-14 1.7L6.8 16v12.9l.1.8Z"></path><path fill="#000" d="M42.6 31.5c.5-2.4.4-7.5.4-11.6v-4.5c0-.2-.2-.4-.4-.4l-4 .6a26.5 26.5 0 0 1-12.7-1.3l-.4-.2-1.1-.3a26.6 26.6 0 0 1-14 1.8l-4-.5c-.2 0-.4.2-.4.4V19c0 4-.1 9.6.3 12v.1l-6 12.6c-.2.3-.2.8 0 1.2 0 .5.4.8.8 1l3.4 1.6.7.1c.6 0 1.2-.3 1.4-1l.6-1 1.6.8c.6.3 1 .8 1 1.5l.2 1.3-1.1 1.9c-.5.7-.5 1.7 0 2.5.4.9 1.3 1.4 2.1 1.4h.7v.4c-.3.8-.1 1.5.4 2.2.5.6 1.3 1 2.1 1 .5 0 1-.1 1.4-.4l.4-.3.2.4c.3 1 1.3 1.6 2.3 1.6.4 0 .7 0 1-.2l.3-.2.1.4c.3 1.4 1.6 2 2.6 2s1.8-.5 2.3-1.3l.9-1.6 2.4 1.4c.4.3.7.4 1.1.4.7 0 1.4-.3 1.8-.8.5-.5.7-1 .7-1.7V58h.4l.4.1c.7 0 1.4-.3 1.9-.9.4-.5.6-1.2.6-1.8l-.1-.5h.5c.7 0 1.3-.3 1.8-1 .4-.5.6-1.2.4-1.8l-.1-.4.4-.1c.7 0 1.3-.5 1.7-1.2.4-.7.4-1.5 0-2.1l-.1-.4 2.6-1.1.1.3a1.7 1.7 0 0 0 2.3.9l3.4-1.6c.3-.2.7-.5.8-1 .2-.3.2-.8 0-1.2l-6.1-12.7ZM6.8 18.4V16l3.6.5a27.5 27.5 0 0 0 14-1.7l.1-.1h.1a27.4 27.4 0 0 0 14 1.8l3.7-.5V20c0 3.5 0 7.8-.2 9.3v.6l-.6-.4a1.8 1.8 0 0 0-1.7-.4l-.5.2v-.5c.2-1.4.2-5.8.2-8.1v-1.2c0-.2-.2-.4-.5-.4a30.2 30.2 0 0 1-14.6-1.6A29.8 29.8 0 0 1 10 19.2c-.2 0-.4.2-.4.4v9.3l-.4-.1a1.7 1.7 0 0 0-1.7.4l-.6.4V18.4ZM38.6 23c0 2.3 0 5.1-.2 6.7v.2l-2.2 1c-.4.2-.7.6-.8 1-.3.6.2 1.5.6 2.2l.3.6.1.3-.5.3c-.4.2-1 .5-1.5.5l-.6-.1-4-1c-.3-.2-.8-.2-1.2-.2-1.1 0-2.4.4-3.6 1.4h-.4l-.9-.4a9 9 0 0 0-2.3-1h-.6a22.1 22.1 0 0 0-4.8.7h-.2a2 2 0 0 1-.8-.1l-2.1-1 .6-1.2c.2-.5.3-1 .1-1.4-.1-.5-.4-.8-.8-1l-2.3-1v-.3a59 59 0 0 1-.2-6.1V20h.4a29.7 29.7 0 0 0 13.6-1.5h.2A29.9 29.9 0 0 0 38.3 20h.4V23ZM7.2 44 6 46.5c-.1.3-.4.5-.8.5a1 1 0 0 1-.3 0l-3.4-1.6a.9.9 0 0 1-.4-1.2 680.9 680.9 0 0 1 6.7-14c.2-.4.5-.6.8-.6H9l3.3 1.6c.3.1.4.3.5.5v.7L7.2 44.1Zm4 10.3c-.3 0-.6 0-.9-.2-.4-.2-.7-.6-.8-1.1-.1-.5 0-1 .2-1.4l1.2-2 .9-1.7c.3-.5.7-.8 1.1-.8l.5-.1c.6 0 1.2.4 1.5 1 .4.5.3 1.2 0 1.7l-.7 1.3-1.4 2.4c-.4.6-1 1-1.6 1Zm5.1 1.8-.3.5-.2.5c-.4.6-1 1-1.5 1a2 2 0 0 1-1.7-1c-.3-.5-.3-1.2 0-1.8l1.1-2 1.8-3c.4-.3.8-.5 1.3-.5.6 0 1.1.3 1.5.7.3.4.4 1 .3 1.5 0 .3-.3.7-.6 1.1l-.2.4-.1.2-1.4 2.4Zm3.8 2.2c-.3.6-.9.9-1.5.9s-1.2-.3-1.5-.8c-.4-.5-.4-1-.2-1.6l1.6-3 .3-.3.7-1.2c.3-.3.7-.4 1.2-.4 1 0 1.8.8 1.8 1.8a50.7 50.7 0 0 1-2.4 4.6Zm4 2c-.3.6-.9 1-1.5 1-.5 0-1-.2-1.4-.6-.3-.3-.5-.8-.5-1.2 0-.4.1-.7.3-1l.7-1.2 1.7-2.8c.3-.4.7-.5 1.2-.5.7 0 1.3.3 1.6.9.3.5.3 1.2 0 1.8l-2.1 3.7Zm6.6-1c-.3.5-.8.8-1.4.8-.2 0-.5 0-.7-.2L26 58.5l.2-.4s0-.2.2-.3c.3-.5.7-1.2.7-1.7v-.9l.6.6.5.3c.5.3.8.4.9.6l.9.5c.3.2.6.5.7.9.2.4.1.8 0 1.3Zm8.2-9.2a1.6 1.6 0 0 1-2.1.6 192.7 192.7 0 0 1-6.9-4c-.2 0-.3.2-.4.3 0 .2 0 .3.2.5l5 3 1.4.8c.7.4 1 1 .7 1.8-.2.7-.8 1.2-1.5 1.2l-.8-.2a425.6 425.6 0 0 1-6.9-4.3c-.2 0-.3.2-.4.3 0 .1 0 .3.2.5l6 3.7c.6.4 1 1 .7 1.8-.2.7-.8 1.3-1.5 1.3l-.8-.2-2.2-1.3-2.8-1.6v-.1c-.4-.7-1.3-1-2.1-1h-1l-.3.3-.1-.5a2.6 2.6 0 0 0-3.4-1.8l-.4.2V51a2.7 2.7 0 0 0-3-2H16v-.4a2.6 2.6 0 0 0-4.8-1.3l-.4.5-.2-.6c-.3-.7-.8-1.2-1.4-1.5L7.6 45l.1-.3 4.7-9.7.2-.3.3.1.6.4c.8.4 1.6.8 2.3.8h.4l4-.7h.5c.5 0 1 0 1.5.3l1.8.9-6.2 4.2c-.4.2-.7.7-.7 1.3 0 .6.1 1 .6 1.4l.7.6c.6.5 1.4.8 2.2.8l1-.1 6.5-1.9a2.2 2.2 0 0 1 1.8.3l8.5 4.8.1.2c.6.5.8 1.4.4 2Zm.2-2.7-8.8-5c-.6-.3-1-.4-1.5-.4-.6 0-3.7.9-5.6 1.4a40.2 40.2 0 0 1-2.6.6c-.6 0-1.2-.2-1.6-.6l-.8-.6a.9.9 0 0 1-.3-.7c0-.3.2-.6.4-.7l7.4-5 .6-.4c.7-.4 1.5-.7 2.3-.7.4 0 .7 0 1 .2l4 1 .8.1c.6 0 1.3-.2 2-.6l.4-.2 5 10.4-2.7 1.2Zm9-2.2-.5.5-3.4 1.6a1 1 0 0 1-.4 0c-.6 0-.8-.5-1-1v-.2c-.5-.7-6.5-13.2-6.6-13.3-.1-.5 0-1 .5-1.2L40 30h.4l.5.1c.2.1.4.4.9 1.6v.1l6.3 12.8v.5Z"></path><path stroke="#096962" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="1.6" d="m10.9 3 3.3 5.4M37.6 3l-3.4 5.4M24 .8v6.1"></path></g></svg><div class="jsx-1962843399 text"><h3 class="heading-5">Why Trust Us?</h3><div class="jsx-1962843399"><p>We’re fully independent and have been reviewing VPNs since 2016. Our advice is based on our own testing results and is unaffected by financial incentives. Learn <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/about/">who we are</a> and <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/about/how-we-review-vpns/">how we test VPNs</a>.</p> </div></div><div class="jsx-1962843399 stats not-open"><table class="jsx-1962843399"><tbody class="jsx-1962843399"><tr class="jsx-1962843399"><td class="jsx-1962843399 title">VPNs Tested</td><td class="jsx-1962843399 value">61</td></tr><tr class="jsx-1962843399"><td class="jsx-1962843399 title">Total Hours of Testing</td><td class="jsx-1962843399 value">30,000+</td></tr><tr class="jsx-1962843399"><td class="jsx-1962843399 title">Combined Years of Experience</td><td class="jsx-1962843399 value">50+</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><h2>Summary Table: WireGuard vs OpenVPN</h2> <p>Here’s a quick summary of how OpenVPN and WireGuard compare in each key category:</p> <table class="table-default table-not-stacked"> <thead> <tr> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><strong>Category</strong></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><strong>Winner</strong></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td data-header="Category"> <strong>Speed</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">WireGuard</span></b><p></p> <p>WireGuard is twice as fast as OpenVPN, if implemented correctly.</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>Security & Encryption</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #a16902;">Tie</span></b><p></p> <p>Neither protocol has any known security vulnerabilities.</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>Privacy & Logging</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">OpenVPN</span></b><p></p> <p>OpenVPN can easily be configured to be logless, whereas VPNs need to include mitigations to ensure user privacy when using WireGuard.</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>Data Usage</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">WireGuard</span></b><p></p> <p>OpenVPN adds a data overhead of up to 20%, whereas WireGuard uses just 4% more data (compared with not using a VPN).</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>Mobility</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">WireGuard</span></b><p></p> <p>WireGuard offers a more reliable connection for mobile users than OpenVPN because it handles network changes better.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>Bypassing Censorship</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">OpenVPN</span></b><p></p> <p>OpenVPN is better at bypassing censors (e.g. the Great Firewall of China) because it can use TCP port 443.</p></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="Category"><strong>VPN & Device Compatibility</strong></td> <td data-header="Winner"><b><span style="color: #147f77;">OpenVPN</span></b><p></p> <p>OpenVPN is currently supported by many more VPNs, across many more devices, than WireGuard.</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="speed" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Speed</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> WireGuard is a much faster protocol than OpenVPN. If you’re doing anything speed-sensitive, such as gaming or streaming, we recommend using WireGuard.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: WireGuard</b></p> </div> <p>We connected to NordVPN servers around the world using either the OpenVPN or WireGuard, and recorded our connection speeds:</p> <p><picture><source media="(max-width: 768px)" srcset="https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2024/08/m-verticalbar-wireguard-vs-openvpn-speed-comparison-guides.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F08%2Fd-wireguard-vs-openvpn-speed-comparison-guides.png&w=1920&q=80" alt="Bar chart showing WireGuard is consistently faster than OpenVPN" width="1480" height="1179" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1576780"></picture></p> <p>Our results found <b>WireGuard was consistently over 75% quicker than OpenVPN</b>, no matter where in the world we were connecting to, and on different devices. </p> <p>On shorter-distance connections, the difference was even more pronounced, with WireGuard running at almost triple the speed of OpenVPN.</p> <p>Our test results also match other tests done by <a href="https://nordvpn.com/blog/one-very-strong-reason-to-be-excited-about-nordlynx/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">NordVPN</a> and <a href="https://www.wireguard.com/performance/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">WireGuard</a>.</p> <p><b>WireGuard also establishes a connection much quicker than OpenVPN.</b> This is important because if the connection is lost or the VPN tunnel breaks for some reason, you want your VPN to reconnect fast.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F03%2FNordVPN-Speed-Test-on-macOS-2.webp&w=1920&q=80" alt="NordVPN Speed Test on macOS" width="2500" height="1664" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1426042" data-mobileimg="true"></p> <p>An <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2018/08/wireguard-vpn-review-fast-connections-amaze-but-windows-support-needs-to-happen/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Ars Technica study</a> found that an OpenVPN connection can take as long as 8 seconds to initiate, whereas WireGuard connections take around 100 milliseconds.</p> <p>Overall, OpenVPN is significantly slower than WireGuard on our high speed internet connection. However, <b>if you’re using a VPN with a 100Mbps connection or less, your speed loss won’t be so noticeable.</b></p> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="encryption-&-security" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Encryption & Security</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> WireGuard and OpenVPN are both very secure VPN protocols with strong encryption. Which is better for encryption and security mostly comes down to personal preference.</p> <p>If you’re wary of newer technologies or like to have more control over your security settings, then OpenVPN is the better option for you. If you like the idea of an efficient, streamlined codebase, then go for WireGuard.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: No clear winner. It’s a tie.</b></p> </div> <table class="table-default table-stacked"> <tbody> <tr> <th></th> <th><strong>OpenVPN</strong></th> <th><strong>WireGuard</strong></th> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Encryption Ciphers & Authentication Protocols</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN">AES, Blowfish, Camellia, ChaCha20, Poly1305 & more</td> <td data-header="WireGuard">ChaCha20, Poly1035</td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Perfect Forward Secrecy</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">Supported</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Supported</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Known Vulnerabilities</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">None</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">None</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="spacer"> </p><p>OpenVPN lets you use a wide range of encryption ciphers and authentication algorithms, while WireGuard just has a fixed set for each release.</p> <p>This means that, if a security vulnerability is found in an algorithm, OpenVPN can be quickly configured to use something else. Whereas WireGuard would require a software update across all devices. This ensures there are no devices ever using insecure code.</p> <p>There are currently <b>no known security vulnerabilities</b> in both WireGuard and OpenVPN.</p> <p>OpenVPN uses the OpenSSL library for encryption, which was first released in 1998 and has been <b>thoroughly tested over a long period of time</b>. The library supports a wide range of encryption ciphers, including <b>AES</b>, <b>Blowfish</b>, and <b>ChaCha20</b>.</p> <p>WireGuard, created in 2015, doesn’t offer a choice of encryption. Instead, it forces you to use <b>ChaCha20</b> for encryption and <b>Poly1305</b> for authentication.</p> <p>As a result, WireGuard requires much less code than OpenVPN: roughly 4,000 lines of code compared to 70,000 (at least).</p> <p>This smaller footprint makes <b>WireGuard much easier for security researchers to audit</b> and verify WireGuard’s code than OpenVPN’s. It also makes WireGuard’s possible attack surface much smaller than OpenVPN’s.</p> <p>Furthermore, less code considerably reduces the possibility of bugs occurring in WireGuard.</p> <h3>Are New Encryption Algorithms Safe?</h3> <p>Security researchers prefer encryption technology that has been around for a while. This is because newer algorithms may sometimes feature vulnerabilities that just haven’t been identified yet. It’s therefore often safer to go with a more tried-and-tested option.</p> <div id="attachment_832832" style="width: 948px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-832832" loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2023%2F01%2Fwindscribe-wireshark-packet-sniffing.png&w=1800&q=80" alt="Analyzing Windscribe's encryption using Wireshark" width="938" height="634" class="size-full wp-image-832832"><p id="caption-attachment-832832" class="wp-caption-text">Using Wireshark, we verified Windscribe’s connections are encrypted.</p></div> <p>In this case, <b>OpenVPN is by far the most tried-and-tested option</b>. It was released decades before WireGuard, and the AES cipher it uses is almost a decade older than the ChaCha20 and Poly1035 algorithms that WireGuard uses.</p> <p>In practice, however, WireGuard’s relative immaturity doesn’t appear to be a huge security risk. There are three main reasons for this:</p> <ol> <li><b>WireGuard’s minimal codebase means it can be audited very quickly.</b> This mitigates a lot of the concerns about the protocol’s lack of rigorous testing, because experts can audit it much faster than OpenVPN’s code.</li> <li><b>ChaCha20 is very secure.</b> The ‘20’ in ‘ChaCha20’ means there are 20 rounds of encryption to protect the data. In 2008, ChaCha7 (with seven rounds) was broken, but ChaCha8 remains <a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2019/02/introducing-adiantum-encryption-for.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">unbroken to this day</a>. So you can be confident that ChaCha20 offers a high level of security.</li> <li><b>Endorsements from Linux and Google.</b> <a href="http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1808.0/02472.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Linus Torvalds, original creator of Linux, said:</a> “Can I just once again state my love for [WireGuard]… Maybe the code isn’t perfect, but I’ve skimmed it, and compared to the horrors that are OpenVPN and IPSec, it’s a work of art.” WireGuard has since been included in the Linux kernel, which represents strong support for its security credentials. Google also switched to using ChaCha20 and Poly1305 for <a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2014/04/speeding-up-and-strengthening-https.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">encrypting traffic on its Android devices in 2014</a>.</li> </ol> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="privacy-&-logging" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Privacy & Logging</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> Despite what other websites say, both OpenVPN and WireGuard record IP addresses by default. However, they can easily be configured to not store your IP address, using a variety of methods. Configuring OpenVPN to avoid logging is easier than WireGuard, though. If provided by a trustworthy no-logs VPN, both protocols are equally private.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: OpenVPN</b></p> </div> <table class="table-default table-stacked"> <tbody> <tr> <th style="width: 26%;"></th> <th style="width: 37%;"><b>Logging</b></th> <th style="width: 37%;"><b>Mitigations</b></th> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><strong>OpenVPN</strong></td> <td data-header="Logging">Default verbosity setting stores real IP addresses</td> <td data-header="Mitigations">Minor server configuration, diskless servers</td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><strong>WireGuard</strong></td> <td data-header="Logging">Default configuration stores IP addresses </td> <td data-header="Mitigations">Double NAT, diskless servers</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="spacer"> </p><p>An essential feature of a safe VPN service is that it <b>doesn’t store any personally-identifiable information</b> about you. This also applies to the VPN protocol being used.</p> <p>When configuring OpenVPN servers, a VPN service must choose the server’s logging level (also known as “file verbosity”). It starts from level zero, which records very little information, to level 9, which records a lot of sensitive information.</p> <p>In our research, we found <a href="https://github.com/OpenVPN/openvpn/blob/master/sample/sample-config-files/server.conf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">OpenVPN’s default configuration is set to level 3</a> verbosity, which <b>logs real IP addresses and usernames</b>. </p> <p>However, it is <b>extremely easy for VPNs to configure the server to</b> lower the logging level to zero, and avoid recording real IP addresses. This can also be done by configuring the server to regularly wipe all information. </p> <p>Bear in mind, though, without a third-party audit, it’s hard to tell whether this has been done.</p> <div id="attachment_1576906" style="width: 510px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1576906" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-1576906" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F08%2Fopenvpn-logging-default-d.webp&w=900&q=80" alt="OpenVPN's default code" width="500" height="413"><p id="caption-attachment-1576906" class="wp-caption-text">OpenVPN’s GitHub documentation shows “verb 3” logging is the default.</p></div> <p>Similarly, <b>WireGuard requires permitted IP addresses to be stored</b> on the server until the server reboots.</p> <p>This is concerning from a privacy standpoint, because if the server is compromised, the IP address could be used to link you to your activity and thereby remove the main benefit of using a VPN.</p> <p>Be aware, then, that if you’re using the standard implementation of WireGuard, it’s likely your IP address is being logged for at least the duration of your session.</p> <p>Thankfully, <b>most commercial VPN services that support WireGuard have implemented workarounds</b> to minimize these privacy risks. Some examples include:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://nordvpn.com/de/blog/nordlynx-protocol-wireguard/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">NordVPN:</a> NordVPN has combined WireGuard with its proprietary Double Network Address Translation (NAT) technology to create NordLynx. Instead of storing your static IP address until the server reboots, NordLynx assigns a unique dynamic IP address to each VPN tunnel, such that each session has a different IP address that only lasts as long as the session.</li> <li><a href="https://mullvad.net/en/help/why-wireguard/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Mullvad:</a> To maximize privacy when using WireGuard, Mullvad deletes your IP address from its servers after 10 minutes of inactivity. As an extra step, Mullvad also suggests you use its Multihop feature to route your traffic through two or more servers when using WireGuard.</li> <li><a href="https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/general/using-wireguard-for-privacy-protection/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">IVPN:</a> IVPN deletes your IP address after three minutes of inactivity. It also randomly generates a new IP address every 24 hours, to avoid issues around using a static IP address.</li> </ul> <p>These mitigations will be enough for most users. However, if you are in a strict censorship country or a <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/are-vpns-legal/">country where officials may try to prosecute VPN users</a>, it’s probably not a risk worth taking.</p> <p>We’d also recommend checking with your VPN provider which mitigations they have in place for WireGuard users, if you’re concerned about your privacy.</p> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="data-usage" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Data Usage</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> WireGuard uses much less data than OpenVPN. Choose WireGuard if your internet access has a data cap, or if you’re charged based on the amount of bandwidth you consume.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: WireGuard</b></p> </div> <p>Using a VPN always increases the total amount of data you consume. That’s because the tunneling process sends additional information over the internet, which leads to an increase in data usage.</p> <p>Data overhead can affect the speed of your VPN. If you’re on a cell phone contract, you might also spend more money or reach your data limit sooner.</p> <p>The VPN protocol you use actually impacts how big the data overhead is. Our research found that WireGuard consumes far less data than OpenVPN:</p> <p><picture><source media="(max-width: 768px)" srcset="https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2024/05/m-vpn-protocols-data-consumption-guides.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F05%2Fd-vpn-protocols-data-consumption-guides.png&w=1920&q=80" alt="" width="1480" height="1080" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1498510"></picture></p> <p>WireGuard adds just 4.53% to your data consumption, while OpenVPN UDP has a large overhead of 17.23%. When using OpenVPN TCP, this overhead is even greater, at 19.96%.</p> <p>WireGuard actually has the smallest data overhead of any VPN protocol we’ve tested, including IKEv2 and PPTP. By contrast, OpenVPN has the largest.</p> <p>To test each protocol’s data usage, we used the Linux WireGuard and OpenVPN applications and calculated how much additional data they were adding to our connection, compared to not using a VPN. </p> <p>For each test, we copied a 209MB test file between two virtual servers. We conducted each test three times, and worked out the average data increase.</p> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="mobility" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Mobility</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> Unlike OpenVPN, WireGuard copes impressively well with regular network changes. It’s also faster and more privacy-friendly than IKEv2, which is the default protocol for most VPN apps on mobile.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: WireGuard</b></p> </div> <p>Devices today frequently move between mobile and WiFi networks. A good VPN protocol needs to be able to make that switch efficiently and effectively.</p> <p><b>WireGuard is far better than OpenVPN for mobility.</b> It handles network changes seamlessly, whereas OpenVPN has historically struggled when users regularly switch between networks. </p> <p>Many VPN services have actually opted to use a different protocol, IKEv2, for mobile devices.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F04%2FExpressVPN-App-on-macOS-amp-iOS-scaled.webp&w=1920&q=80" alt="Testing ExpressVPN's apps for macOS & iOS" width="2560" height="1704" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1465744"></p> <p>IKEv2 is a reasonably good VPN protocol, but it is closed source and some people have concerns that it may have been compromised by the NSA. Instead, WireGuard presents a new, open-source solution to the problem of which VPN protocol to use on mobile.</p> <p>If you’re using a VPN while on the move, we strongly recommend using WireGuard rather than OpenVPN.</p> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="bypassing-censorship" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">Bypassing Censorship</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> OpenVPN is the better choice for bypassing censorship. It enables you to use port 443, which is very difficult for censorship systems to block. Use OpenVPN (TCP) if you’re trying to access the free, global internet from within countries like China, Iran, and the UAE.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: OpenVPN</b></p> </div> <p>OpenVPN and WireGuard are both very reliable VPN protocols that deliver a stable internet connection under most circumstances.</p> <p>However, only <b>OpenVPN natively supports TCP, which is helpful for bypassing strict internet blocks</b>. This is because TCP connections can use port 443, the same port regular HTTPS traffic uses.</p> <p>It’s highly unlikely that censorship systems in countries like China, Russia, and Turkey would block port 443, because it would halt essential activities like online banking and shopping.</p> <p>In short, <b>OpenVPN is more effective at bypassing censorship than WireGuard</b>, because WireGuard natively doesn’t support TCP.</p> <div id="attachment_301668" style="width: 410px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img aria-describedby="caption-attachment-301668" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-301668" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F05%2Fastrillvpn-stealthvpn-macos.png&w=750&q=80" alt="Screenshot of Astrill's macOS client." width="400" height="475"><p id="caption-attachment-301668" class="wp-caption-text">Astrill VPN offers OpenWeb, OpenVPN, StealthVPN, and WireGuard protocols.</p></div> <p>We usually recommend using UDP whenever possible because it’s usually faster, more efficient, and equally stable when used within a VPN tunnel. However, for bypassing firewalls and circumventing censorship, a TCP protocol is preferable.</p> <p>This is reflected in the option that VPN services default to when you try to connect in China.</p> <p>We found that, in almost every case, when a VPN provider offers both WireGuard and OpenVPN, the service will default to using the OpenVPN protocol when you try to connect from within China.</p> <p>We also tested a few <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/best-vpn/china/">VPN services that we know work well in China</a> to see whether OpenVPN or WireGuard was better at bypassing the Great Firewall of China:</p> <ul> <li>Astrill VPN was able to beat the censorship using <b>both</b> OpenVPN and WireGuard.</li> <li>Private Internet Access (PIA) was only able to connect when using <b>OpenVPN</b>, and failed using WireGuard.</li> </ul> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="vpn-&-device-compatibility" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">VPN & Device Compatibility</h2><div><div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--green"> <p><span style="color: #083D3A;"><b>SUMMARY:</b></span> OpenVPN has been around for almost two decades and is natively supported within almost every VPN app. WireGuard is currently being integrated into more and more VPNs, but your chosen VPN provider is still more likely to support OpenVPN. This is especially the case if you’re using a VPN on your router.</p> </div> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p align="center"><b>Winner: OpenVPN</b></p> </div> <p>OpenVPN is natively supported by almost every commercial VPN service, whereas WireGuard is much less widely available.</p> <p>WireGuard is catching up fast, though. Despite only being released in 2015, the protocol has already been implemented into many leading VPNs – often across both desktop and mobile apps.</p> <p>Here’s an overview of which protocols are supported on 10 of the most popular VPNs:</p> <table class="table-default table-not-stacked"> <thead> <tr> <th style="min-width: 125px;">VPN Protocol</th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>ExpressVPN</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>NordVPN</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>CyberGhost</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>IPVanish</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>Surfshark</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>PrivateVPN</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>PIA</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>Windscribe</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>Proton VPN</b></th> <th style="min-width: 125px;"><b>Astrill</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td data-header="VPN Protocol"><b>OpenVPN</b></td> <td data-header="ExpressVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="NordVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="CyberGhost"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="IPVanish"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Surfshark"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="PrivateVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="PIA"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Windscribe"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Proton VPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Astrill"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header="VPN Protocol"><b>WireGuard</b></td> <td data-header="ExpressVPN"><span style="color: #c64742;">✗</span></td> <td data-header="NordVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="CyberGhost"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="IPVanish"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Surfshark"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="PrivateVPN"><span style="color: #c64742;">✗</span></td> <td data-header="PIA"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Windscribe"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Proton VPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> <td data-header="Astrill"><span style="color: #147f77;">✓</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="spacer"> </p><p>Traditionally, most VPNs use OpenVPN as their default protocol, particularly on desktop. However, we’re now seeing an increasing number of providers switch their allegiance to WireGuard.</p> <p>For example, CyberGhost now uses WireGuard by default on Android and iOS, and NordVPN uses its NordLynx version of WireGuard as the default in most of its apps.</p> <div class="block-highlighted block-highlighted--light"> <p>NOTE: To use a VPN on your router, you’ll likely still have to use OpenVPN. Only a few VPNs, like Mullvad and Proton VPN, offer WireGuard at the router-level.</p> </div> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper btf"><section id="what-are-openvpn-and-wireguard" class="jsx-2580530280 block-text ut-row"><h2 class="heading-2">What Are OpenVPN and WireGuard?</h2><div><p>OpenVPN and WireGuard are two <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/vpn-protocols/">types of VPN protocol</a>. A VPN protocol is technology used to create a secure tunnel between your device and a VPN server. In other words, a VPN protocol is a key element to <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/how-does-a-vpn-work/">how a VPN works</a>.</p> <p>You can use both OpenVPN and WireGuard independently to create your own VPN connection. However, they’re more commonly used as part of <a href="https://www.top10vpn.com/best-vpn/">personal VPN services</a>.</p> <p>Here’s an overview of each protocol’s main features:</p> <table class="table-default table-not-stacked"> <thead> <tr> <th style="min-width: 250px;"></th> <th style="min-width: 255px;"><strong>OpenVPN</strong></th> <th style="min-width: 255px;"><strong>WireGuard</strong></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Initial Release</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN">2001</td> <td data-header="WireGuard">2015</td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Open Source</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">Yes</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Yes</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Code Length</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #c64742;">70,000+ Lines</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">~4,000 Lines</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Speed</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #a16902;">Moderate</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Very Fast</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Data Usage</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #c64742;">High</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Very Low</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Security & Encryption</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">Very Strong</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Very Strong</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>Privacy</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #a16902;">Needs Configuration</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #a16902;">Needs Configuration</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-header=""><b>VPN & Device Compatibility</b></td> <td data-header="OpenVPN"><span style="color: #147f77;">Widely Supported</span></td> <td data-header="WireGuard"><span style="color: #147f77;">Widely Supported</span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3>OpenVPN</h3> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-94987" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2019%2F11%2FOpenVPN-logo.png&w=750&q=80" alt="" width="419" height="131"></p> <p>The original OpenVPN software was created in 2001 by James Yonan.</p> <p>Yonan made OpenVPN to ensure his connection was private while travelling through Central Asia and using Asian and Russian internet connections.</p> <p>Today, Yonan is the CTO of <a href="https://openvpn.net/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">OpenVPN Inc.</a> The company provides business-to-business services as well as running OpenVPN.</p> <p>The company’s CEO and founder is Francis Dinha, who grew up in Iraq and shares Yonan’s concerns about staying private from state surveillance.</p> <p>The OpenVPN software has now been downloaded more than 60 million times, and almost every VPN today employs the protocol.</p> <p>OpenVPN is available under an open-source license, which means anyone can view its underlying code.</p> <p>For over a decade, OpenVPN has been considered the pinnacle of VPN security. However, with the release of WireGuard, there is a new contender for that top spot.</p> <h3>WireGuard</h3> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-80401" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2019%2F08%2FWireGuardLogo-min.png&w=640&q=80" alt="WireGuard Logo" width="349" height="62"></p> <p>WireGuard was created by Jason A. Donenfeld from <a href="https://www.edgesecurity.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Edge Security</a>, and had its first release in 2015.</p> <p>WireGuard is designed to improve upon existing VPN protocols by being simpler, faster, and easier to use.</p> <p>Unlike OpenVPN, WireGuard is “cryptographically opinionated,” to use Donenfeld’s words. That means he’s selected one solution for each aspect of the VPN’s security.</p> <p>As a result, WireGuard includes less choice than OpenVPN, but it’s also far less complex.</p> <p>Like OpenVPN, WireGuard is also open source.</p> <p>Despite only being released in September 2015, WireGuard has already been incorporated into a number of VPN services. NordVPN, for example, built its proprietary NordLynx protocol on top of it.</p> </div></section></div><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper"><div class="feedback-wrapper ut-row"><div style="height:27.5px;margin:0 auto calc(var(--base-unit) * 30)"></div></div></div></div><hr class="jsx-3150998698"/><div class="jsx-3150998698 container-row ut-wrapper"><section class="jsx-2580530280 block-text"></section><div data-swiftype-index="false" class="jsx-3150998698 related-articles"><h2 class="heading-4">Related guides</h2><ul class="jsx-3150998698"><li class="jsx-3150998698"><img alt="illustration of a man putting a message into a secure network of pipes, protecting it from the unprotected data outside of the pipes" loading="lazy" width="279" height="189" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2020%2F03%2FVPN-encryption-protocols-hero-768x521.png&w=320&q=75 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2020%2F03%2FVPN-encryption-protocols-hero-768x521.png&w=600&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2020%2F03%2FVPN-encryption-protocols-hero-768x521.png&w=600&q=75"/><p class="jsx-3150998698 heading-5"><a href="/what-is-a-vpn/vpn-protocols/" class="jsx-3150998698">VPN Protocols Explained: Which One Is Best?</a></p></li><li class="jsx-3150998698"><img alt="Can a VPN be hacked header image" loading="lazy" width="279" height="189" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F06%2FWhy-Does-My-VPN-Keep-Disconnecting-2-768x521.jpg&w=320&q=75 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F06%2FWhy-Does-My-VPN-Keep-Disconnecting-2-768x521.jpg&w=600&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F06%2FWhy-Does-My-VPN-Keep-Disconnecting-2-768x521.jpg&w=600&q=75"/><p class="jsx-3150998698 heading-5"><a href="/guides/can-a-vpn-be-hacked/" class="jsx-3150998698">Can a VPN Be Hacked?</a></p></li><li class="jsx-3150998698"><img alt="VPN Obfuscation Header Image" loading="lazy" width="279" height="189" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F07%2FVPN-Obfuscation-768x521.jpg&w=320&q=75 1x, /_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F07%2FVPN-Obfuscation-768x521.jpg&w=600&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F07%2FVPN-Obfuscation-768x521.jpg&w=600&q=75"/><p class="jsx-3150998698 heading-5"><a href="/guides/vpn-obfuscation/" class="jsx-3150998698">What Is VPN Obfuscation?</a></p></li></ul></div></div><span class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 tooltip-toast-group"><span class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 tooltip-toast large"><i class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 arrow"></i><span class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 tooltip-toast-wrapper"><span class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 flex no-header"><span class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 tooltip-toast-content"></span><button aria-label="Close" class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 button-text"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859 icon-cross"><use xlink:href="#svg-cross" class="jsx-2378246354 jsx-3313091859"></use></svg></button></span></span></span></span><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.top10vpn.com/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},"headline":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN","image":["https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2021/06/WireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg"],"datePublished":"2021-05-24T09:24:24.000Z","dateModified":"2024-08-02T16:57:34.000Z","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"JP Jones","url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/about/vpn-experts/jpjones/","sameAs":[],"image":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2022/12/expertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg"}],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Top10VPN","publishingPrinciples":"https://www.top10vpn.com/about/how-we-review-vpns/","logo":"https://www.top10vpn.com/static/images/logo-raster.png"},"description":"OpenVPN was released in 2001 and is traditionally seen as the industry’s gold standard. But the new WireGuard VPN protocol has burst onto the scene since its release in 2015, and is now threatening to take that crown away from OpenVPN.\nIn this in-depth guide, we compare OpenVPN and WireGuard to see which VPN protocol you should use.\nOur extensive lab tests reveal which of the protocols is best in seven key areas, including security, speed, privacy, ease of use, and more.\nWe’ll also reveal how these protocols came into being, giving you background information on who’s behind them, and explain the differences in how they work.\n\nSummary Table: WireGuard vs OpenVPN\nHere’s a quick summary of how OpenVPN and WireGuard compare in each key category:\n\n\n\nCategory\nWinner\n\n\n\n\n\nSpeed\nWireGuard\nWireGuard is twice as fast as OpenVPN, if implemented correctly.\n\n\nSecurity & Encryption\nTie\nNeither protocol has any known security vulnerabilities.\n\n\nPrivacy & Logging\nOpenVPN\nOpenVPN can easily be configured to be logless, whereas VPNs need to include mitigations to ensure user privacy when using WireGuard.\n\n\nData Usage\nWireGuard\nOpenVPN adds a data overhead of up to 20%, whereas WireGuard uses just 4% more data (compared with not using a VPN).\n\n\nMobility\nWireGuard\nWireGuard offers a more reliable connection for mobile users than OpenVPN because it handles network changes better.\n\n\n\nBypassing Censorship\nOpenVPN\nOpenVPN is better at bypassing censors (e.g. the Great Firewall of China) because it can use TCP port 443.\n\n\nVPN & Device Compatibility\nOpenVPN\nOpenVPN is currently supported by many more VPNs, across many more devices, than WireGuard.\n\n\n\n","inLanguage":"en"}</script></main><footer id="footer" data-swiftype-index="false" class="jsx-4062602538 footer"><div class="jsx-4062602538 container-row footer-trio"><div class="jsx-4062602538 footer-company"><div class="jsx-4062602538 logo"><img alt="Top10VPN" loading="lazy" width="184" height="26" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/static/images/logo.svg"/></div><p class="jsx-4062602538">We've been testing and reviewing VPN services since 2016. We also publish VPN research and advice to help protect your internet privacy and security.</p></div><div class="jsx-4062602538 footer-about"><p class="jsx-4062602538 heading-5">About</p><ul class="jsx-4062602538"><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/about/">About Us</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/about/vpn-experts/">Our VPN Experts</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/about/how-we-review-vpns/">Our Review Process</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/about/how-we-make-money/">Our Business Model</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/research-grant/">Research Opportunities</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/about/press/">Press</a></li></ul></div><div class="jsx-4062602538 footer-contact"><p class="jsx-4062602538 heading-5">Contact</p><ul class="jsx-4062602538 footer-contacts"><li class="jsx-4062602538"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 32 32" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-mail"><path fill="#000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M24 8H7.3a2 2 0 00-2 2v12.5c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h16.5c1.2 0 2.1-.9 2.1-2V10C26 8.9 25 8 24 8zM7.3 12.1l8.3 5.2 8.2-5.2v10.4H7.4V12zm0-2l8.3 5.1 8.2-5.1H7.4z" clip-rule="evenodd" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg>hello@top10vpn.com</li></ul><ul class="jsx-4062602538 footer-social"><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="https://twitter.com/top10vpn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="jsx-4062602538"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-twitter"><path fill="#000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 24a12 12 0 1 0 0-24 12 12 0 0 0 0 24Zm5.6-18-4 4.8 4.4 6.5h-3.3l-3-4.4L8 17.3H7l4.3-5L7 6h3.3l2.8 4.2L16.7 6h1Zm-5.8 5.7.4.6 3 4.3h1.5L13 11.4l-.4-.7-2.8-4H8.3l3.5 5Z" clip-rule="evenodd" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg><span class="jsx-4062602538 visually-hidden">Twitter</span></a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/top10vpn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="jsx-4062602538"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-linkedin"><path fill="#000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 24a12 12 0 1 0 0-24 12 12 0 0 0 0 24Zm3.7-7H18v-4c0-2-.4-3.6-2.8-3.6-1 0-1.8.7-2.1 1.2v-1h-2.2V17h2.3v-3.7c0-1 .1-1.9 1.3-1.9s1.2 1.1 1.2 2V17ZM7 7.3a1.3 1.3 0 1 0 2.6 0 1.3 1.3 0 0 0-2.6 0ZM9.4 17H7.2V9.6h2.2V17Z" clip-rule="evenodd" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg><span class="jsx-4062602538 visually-hidden">LinkedIn</span></a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@top10vpn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="jsx-4062602538"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-youtube"><path fill="#000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 24a12 12 0 1 0 0-24 12 12 0 0 0 0 24Zm6.7-15c-.2-.7-.6-1.1-1.2-1.3-1.1-.3-5.5-.3-5.5-.3s-4.4 0-5.5.3c-.6.2-1 .6-1.2 1.2C5 10 5 12.3 5 12.3s0 2.3.3 3.4A2 2 0 0 0 6.5 17c1.1.3 5.5.3 5.5.3s4.4 0 5.5-.3a2 2 0 0 0 1.2-1.3c.3-1 .3-3.4.3-3.4s0-2.3-.3-3.4Zm-8.1 5.4 3.6-2-3.6-2.1v4.1Z" clip-rule="evenodd" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg><span class="jsx-4062602538 visually-hidden">YouTube</span></a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="https://top10vpn.substack.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="jsx-4062602538"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-substack"><path fill="#000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12 24a12 12 0 1 0 0-24 12 12 0 0 0 0 24Zm5-17.3H7v1.4h10V6.7Zm0 5.1H7v6.3l5-2.8 5 2.8v-6.3Zm0-2.5H7v1.4h10V9.3Z" clip-rule="evenodd" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg><span class="jsx-4062602538 visually-hidden">Substack</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="jsx-4062602538 footer-small-print container-row"><div class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a><a href="/cookie-policy/">Cookie Policy</a><a href="/terms-conditions/">Terms of Use</a><a href="/code-of-conduct/">Code of Conduct</a><a href="/responsible-disclosure-policy/">Responsible Disclosure</a><div class="jsx-4062602538 language-selector"><button class="jsx-4062602538 language-selector-toggle"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 14 14" class="jsx-4062602538"><path fill="#000" d="M7 0a7 7 0 1 1 0 14A7 7 0 0 1 7 0Zm.3.6v3h2.3a8 8 0 0 0-.5-1.2C8.6 1.4 8 .7 7.3.6Zm-.6 0C6 .7 5.4 1.3 5 2.4a8 8 0 0 0-.5 1.2h2.3v-3Zm2 .2c.4.3.7.8 1 1.3l.5 1.5h2.3A6.5 6.5 0 0 0 8.7.8ZM5.3.8c-1.6.4-3 1.5-3.8 2.8h2.3l.6-1.5c.2-.5.5-1 .9-1.3Zm7.5 3.4h-2.5c.2.8.3 1.6.3 2.5h2.8c0-.9-.2-1.7-.6-2.5Zm-3 0H7.3v2.5H10c0-.9-.2-1.7-.3-2.5Zm-3 0H4.1C4.1 5 4 5.8 4 6.7h2.8V4.2Zm-3.1 0H1.2C.8 5 .6 5.8.6 6.7h2.8c0-.9 0-1.7.3-2.5Zm9.7 3h-2.8c0 1 0 1.8-.3 2.6h2.5c.4-.8.6-1.6.6-2.5Zm-3.3 0H7.3v2.6h2.5c.1-.8.3-1.6.3-2.5Zm-3.4 0H4c0 1 .2 1.8.3 2.6h2.5V7.3Zm-3.3 0H.6c0 1 .2 1.8.6 2.6h2.5c-.2-.8-.3-1.6-.3-2.5Zm9.1 3.2h-2.3l-.6 1.5c-.2.5-.6 1-.9 1.3 1.6-.4 3-1.5 3.8-2.8Zm-2.9 0H7.3v3c.7-.1 1.3-.8 1.8-1.8l.5-1.2Zm-2.9 0H4.4l.5 1.2c.5 1 1.1 1.7 1.8 1.8v-3Zm-2.9 0H1.5a6.5 6.5 0 0 0 3.8 2.8c-.4-.3-.7-.8-1-1.3l-.5-1.5Z" class="jsx-4062602538"></path></svg><span class="jsx-4062602538">English</span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18" height="18" class="jsx-4062602538 icon-chevron-down"><use xlink:href="#svg-chevron" class="jsx-4062602538"></use></svg></button><ul class="jsx-4062602538 language-popup"><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">English</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/es/guias/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Español</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/it/guide/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Italiano</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/pl/przewodniki/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Polski</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/pt/" class="jsx-4062602538">Português</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/sv/guider/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Svenska</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/fr/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Français</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/nl/gidsen/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Nederlands</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/de/leitfaden/wireguard-vs-openvpn/" class="jsx-4062602538">Deutsch</a></li><li class="jsx-4062602538"><a href="/ko/" class="jsx-4062602538">한국어</a></li></ul></div></div><p class="jsx-4062602538">Top10VPN.com is operated by PrivacyCo Ltd. | © 2016-2025. All rights reserved.</p></div></footer></div></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"pageProps":{},"data":{"ui":{"comparisonBasket":{"compare_selected_vpns":"Compare selected VPNs","comparison_tool_preview":"Comparison Tool Preview ({{fe_current_providers_length}} of {{fe_max_providers}})","select_max_providers":"Max of {{fe_max_providers}} providers reached 😀","ph_se_add_provider":"Add provider","se_added":"Added","se_hint":"Search for a VPN Provider, e.g. ExpressVPN, NordVPN, CyberGhost","close":"Close","overall_rating":"Overall Rating","add_to_compare":"Add to compare","added_to_compare":"Added to compare","se_nothing_found":"Nothing found"},"tableSheets":{"expand":"Expand Table","close_fullscreen":"Close Fullscreen"},"apps":{"amazon_firetv":"Amazon Fire TV","android":"Android","androidtv":"Android TV","appletv":"Apple TV","chrome":"Chrome","chromeos":"ChromeOS","chromecast":"Chromecast","edge":"Microsoft Edge","firefox":"Firefox","ios":"iOS","linux":"Linux","mac":"Mac","macos":"macOS","nintendo":"Nintendo","opera":"Opera","playstation":"PlayStation","roku":"Roku","router":"Router","safari":"Safari","smarttv":"Smart TV","windows":"Windows","xbox":"Xbox"},"breadcrumbs":{"about_us":"About Us","best_vpn":"Best VPN","guides":"Guides","vpn_setup":"VPN Setup","what_is_a_vpn":"What Is a VPN?","tools":"Tools"},"cards":{"btn_visit_providername":"Visit {{fe_providername}}","btn_visit_site":"Visit Site","pros":"Pros","cons":"Cons","see_all_categories":"See all ratings","see_fewer_ratings":"See fewer ratings","see_all_features":"See all features","see_less_features":"See less features","plusmore":"+more","see_all_plans":"See all plans","tooltip_download_speed":"Based on 100Mbps local test connection","btn_end_of_card_cta":"or read our \u003ca href=\"/reviews/{{fe_providerslug}}/\"\u003efull {{fe_providername}} Review\u003c/a\u003e.","key_data":{"heading":"{{fe_providername}} Key Data","key_summary_table_labels":{"data_cap":"Data Cap","top_download_speed":"Local Download Speed","logging_policy":"Logging Policy","leaks":"Data Leaks","jurisdiction":"Jurisdiction","servers":"Servers","ip_addresses":"IP Addresses","countries":"Countries with Servers","us_netflix":"US Netflix","torrenting":"Torrenting","simultaneous_connections":"Simultaneous Connections","works_in_china":"Works In China?","support":"Support","pricing_plans":"Pricing Plans","moneyback_guarantee":"Money-Back Guarantee","website":"Official Website","free_trial":"Free Trial","compatible_with":"Compatible with"},"key_summary_table_values":{"logging_policy":{"zero_logs":"No Logs","anonymous_server_usage":"No Identifying Data","some_user_logs":"Some User Logs","intrusive":"Intrusive Logging","unknown":"Unknown"},"leaks":{"no":"No","yes":"Yes"},"torrenting":{"no":"No","partially":"Partially","restricted":"Restricted","permitted":"Permitted","unlimited":"Unlimited"},"works_in_china":{"no":"No","unreliable":"Unreliable","yes":"Yes"},"trial_period_unit":{"hour":"Hour","hours":"Hours","day":"Day","days":"Days","month":"Month","months":"Months","none":"None"},"moneyback_guarantee_unit_values":{"hours":"hours","days":"days","months":"months","none":"None"},"trial_period_payment_info":{"no_payment_info":"No Payment Info Required","payment_info":"Payment Info Required"},"periodunit_moneyback_guarantee":"{{fe_num}} {{fe_unit}} Money-Back Guarantee","period_day_moneyback_guarantee":"{{fe_num}}-day Money-Back Guarantee","yes":"Yes","no":"No","not_disclosed":"Not disclosed"},"type":{"premium":"Paid","free":"Free"}}},"general":{"close":"Close","yes":"Yes","none":"None","no":"No","undisclosed":"Undisclosed"},"header":{"updated":"Updated {{date}}","about_authors":"About authors","additional_research":"Additional Research by {{fe_authorname}}","additional_testing":"Additional Testing by {{fe_authorname}}","fact_checked":"Fact-checked by {{fe_authorname}}","disclaimer":"Top10VPN is editorially independent. We may \u003ca href=\"/about/how-we-make-money/\"\u003eearn commissions\u003c/a\u003e if you buy a VPN via our links.","localised_message":"","read_full_bio":"Read full bio"},"marginals":{"header":{"other":{"skip_to_main_content":"Skip to main content"},"best_vpn":{"heading":"BEST VPN","popular":{"subheading":"Popular","items":[{"name":"Best VPN Services","uri":"/best-vpn/"},{"name":"Best Free VPNs","uri":"/best-vpn/free/"},{"name":"Best VPN Free Trials","uri":"/best-vpn/free-trials/"},{"name":"Best Cheap VPNs","uri":"/best-vpn/cheap-vpns/"},{"name":"Best Streaming VPNs","uri":"/best-vpn/streaming/"}]},"by_location":{"subheading":"By Location","items":[{"name":"USA","uri":"/best-vpn/usa/"},{"name":"UK","uri":"/best-vpn/uk/"},{"name":"Canada","uri":"/best-vpn/canada/"},{"name":"India","uri":"/best-vpn/india-vpn/"}]},"by_device_os":{"subheading":"By Device/OS","items":[{"name":"Windows","uri":"/best-vpn/windows/"},{"name":"Mac","uri":"/best-vpn/mac/"},{"name":"iPhone (iOS)","uri":"/best-vpn/iphone/"},{"name":"Android","uri":"/best-vpn/android/"}]},"btn_text":"See all categories","btn_url":"/best-vpn/#hub-cards"},"vpn_reviews":{"heading":"VPN REVIEWS","popular":{"subheading":"Popular \u003cspan class=\"attr\"\u003eReviews\u003c/span\u003e","items":[{"name":"ExpressVPN","uri":"/reviews/expressvpn/"},{"name":"NordVPN","uri":"/reviews/nordvpn/"},{"name":"Private Internet Access","uri":"/reviews/private-internet-access/"},{"name":"Surfshark","uri":"/reviews/surfshark/"},{"name":"IPVanish","uri":"/reviews/ipvanish/"},{"name":"CyberGhost","uri":"/reviews/cyberghost/"},{"name":"PrivateVPN","uri":"/reviews/privatevpn/"}]},"free_vpns":{"subheading":"Free VPN\u003cspan class=\"hidden-xs\"\u003es\u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"attr\"\u003eReviews\u003c/span\u003e","items":[{"name":"Proton VPN","uri":"/reviews/protonvpn/"},{"name":"Windscribe","uri":"/reviews/windscribe/"},{"name":"PrivadoVPN","uri":"/reviews/privadovpn/"},{"name":"Hotspot Shield","uri":"/reviews/hotspot-shield/"},{"name":"TunnelBear","uri":"/reviews/tunnelbear/"},{"name":"ZoogVPN","uri":"/reviews/zoogvpn/"},{"name":"Hide.me","uri":"/reviews/hide-me/"}]},"btn_text":"See all VPN reviews","btn_url":"/reviews/"},"what_is_a_vpn":{"show":true,"heading":"WHAT IS A VPN","items":[{"name":"What Is a VPN?","uri":"/vpn-explained/"},{"name":"How Does a VPN Work?","uri":"/what-is-a-vpn/how-does-a-vpn-work/"},{"name":"What Is a VPN Used For?","uri":"/what-is-a-vpn/what-are-vpns-used-for/"},{"name":"Are VPNs Really Worth It?","uri":"/what-is-a-vpn/are-vpns-worth-it/"},{"name":"Types of VPN","uri":"/what-is-a-vpn/vpn-types/"}],"btn_text":"See all guides","btn_url":"/vpn-explained/#seeallguides"},"tools":{"show":true,"heading":"TOOLS","items":[{"name":"VPN Comparison Tool","uri":"/tools/vpn-comparison/"},{"name":"IP Leak Test","uri":"/tools/do-i-leak/"},{"name":"VPN Speed Comparison","uri":"/best-vpn/speed/#vpn-speed-comparison-tool"},{"name":"What's My IP Address?","uri":"/tools/what-is-my-ip/"},{"name":"What's My DNS Server?","uri":"/tools/what-is-my-dns-server/"}],"btn_text":"See all tools","btn_url":"/tools/"},"learn":{"show":true,"heading":"GUIDES","items":[{"name":"How to Setup \u0026 Use a VPN","uri":"/vpn-setup/"},{"name":"How to Hide Your IP Address","uri":"/guides/hide-your-ip-address/"},{"name":"How to Change Your VPN Location","uri":"/guides/change-vpn-location/"},{"name":"How to Check Your VPN Is Working","uri":"/guides/is-my-vpn-working/"},{"name":"How to Change Netflix Region","uri":"/guides/how-to-change-netflix-region/"}],"btn_text":"See all guides","btn_url":"/guides/"},"research":{"show":true,"heading":"RESEARCH","read_our_investigations":"Read our investigations","items":[{"name":"VPN Demand Statistics","uri":"/research/vpn-demand-statistics/"},{"name":"The Cost of Internet Shutdowns","uri":"/research/cost-of-internet-shutdowns/"},{"name":"The Dangers of Free VPNs","uri":"/research/free-vpn-investigations/"}]},"about":{"show":true,"show_bottom_button":false,"heading":"ABOUT","items":[{"uri":"/about/","name":"About Us"},{"uri":"/about/how-we-review-vpns/","name":"How We Review"},{"uri":"/about/vpn-experts/","name":"Our VPN Experts"},{"uri":"/about/how-we-make-money/","name":"How We Make Money"},{"uri":"/about/press/","name":"Press"}],"btn_text":"","btn_url":"/about/"}},"footer":{"mid":{"lhs_text":"We've been testing and reviewing VPN services since 2016. We also publish VPN research and advice to help protect your internet privacy and security.","contact":{"email":"hello@top10vpn.com","heading":"Contact","youtube":{"title":"YouTube","url":"https://www.youtube.com/@top10vpn"}},"about_header":"About","about":[{"name":"About Us","uri":"/about/"},{"name":"Our VPN Experts","uri":"/about/vpn-experts/"},{"name":"Our Review Process","uri":"/about/how-we-review-vpns/"},{"name":"Our Business Model","uri":"/about/how-we-make-money/"},{"name":"Research Opportunities","uri":"/research-grant/"},{"name":"Press","uri":"/about/press/"}]},"lower":{"legal":[{"name":"Privacy Policy","uri":"/privacy-policy/"},{"name":"Cookie Policy","uri":"/cookie-policy/"},{"name":"Terms of Use","uri":"/terms-conditions/"},{"name":"Code of Conduct","uri":"/code-of-conduct/"},{"name":"Responsible Disclosure","uri":"/responsible-disclosure-policy/"}],"company_info":"Top10VPN.com is operated by PrivacyCo Ltd. | © 2016-{{fe_year}}. All rights reserved."},"back_to_top":{"back_to_top":"Back to top"},"cookie_bar":{"uses_cookies":"By using our website you give consent to the use of cookies. \u003ca href=\"/cookie-policy/\"\u003eDetails\u003c/a\u003e.","btn_txt":"OK"}}},"paths":{"about":"about","best_vpn":"best-vpn","guides":"guides","reviews":"reviews","vpn_setup":"vpn-setup","what_is_a_vpn":"what-is-a-vpn","tools":"tools","vpn_comparison":"vpn-comparison","vpn_experts":"vpn-experts"},"related_articles":"Related guides","supporting_authors":{"additional_testing":"Additional Testing by {{fe_authorname}}","additional_research":"Additional Research by {{fe_authorname}}","fact_checked":"Fact-checked by {{fe_authorname}}"},"thumbs_feedback":{"main_prompt":"Was this content helpful?","feedback_reason":"What is the reason for your feedback?","textarea_placeholder":"Please tell us what you like or dislike on this page","btn_cancel":"Cancel","btn_submit":"Submit feedback","success_message":"Thanks for your feedback!","leave_trustpilot_review":"Leave us a review on \u003ca href=\"https://uk.trustpilot.com/review/www.top10vpn.com?b=MTQ1NTcyNzU1NDczN3w1NmM0YTNjMjAwMDBmZjAwMDkzYzVmMDc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eTrustpilot\u003c/a\u003e"},"table_of_contents":"Table of Contents","see_all":"See all"},"placeholders":{"totalProductCount":{"value":61,"format":"number"},"totalProviderCount":{"value":61,"format":"number"},"totalUserReviews":{"value":4749,"format":"number"},"totalUserReviewsCount":{"value":4749,"format":"number"},"globalProviderCount":{"value":49,"format":"number"},"globalProductCount":{"value":61,"format":"number"},"androidtvvpncount":{"value":35,"format":"number"}},"breadcrumbs":{"path":[],"page_name":null},"seo":{"title":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?","metadesc":"OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide.","canonical":"","twitter":{"title":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?","image":null,"description":"OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide."},"opengraph":{"title":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Is WireGuard Better Than OpenVPN?","image":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2021/06/WireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg","description":"OpenVPN and WireGuard are the two best VPN protocols available, but which is better and which should you use? Find out in this direct comparison guide."},"robots":{"noindex":false,"nofollow":false},"hreflang":[{"lang":"en","href":"/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"x-default","href":"/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"es","href":"/es/guias/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"nl","href":"/nl/gidsen/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"it","href":"/it/guide/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"pl","href":"/pl/przewodniki/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"sv","href":"/sv/guider/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"fr","href":"/fr/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"},{"lang":"de","href":"/de/leitfaden/wireguard-vs-openvpn/"}]},"xr_data":{"config":{"primary":"USD","additional":["GBP","AUD","CAD","EUR","SGD"]},"content":{"body":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"/currency-conversions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\"\u003eConverted price\u003c/a\u003e in other popular currencies:\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"rates":[{"currency":"AUD","rate":1.610567},{"currency":"CAD","rate":1.444444},{"currency":"EUR","rate":0.961222},{"currency":"GBP","rate":0.794219},{"currency":"SGD","rate":1.351053},{"currency":"USD","rate":1}]},"authors":{"main_author":{"first_name":"JP","last_name":"Jones","display_format":"{{fe_forename}} {{fe_surname}}","photo":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2022/12/expertbio-JP-small-opt.jpeg","alt":"JP Jone's profile image"},"slug":"jpjones","expert":{"is_expert":true,"snippet_clean":"JP Jones is our CTO. He has over 25 years of software engineering and networking experience, and oversees all technical aspects of our VPN testing process."}},"additional_authors":[],"supporting_authors":[]},"chapters":[{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Speed","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e WireGuard is a much faster protocol than OpenVPN. If you’re doing anything speed-sensitive, such as gaming or streaming, we recommend using WireGuard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: WireGuard\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe connected to NordVPN servers around the world using either the OpenVPN or WireGuard, and recorded our connection speeds:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cpicture\u003e\u003csource media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2024/08/m-verticalbar-wireguard-vs-openvpn-speed-comparison-guides.png\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F08%2Fd-wireguard-vs-openvpn-speed-comparison-guides.png\u0026w=1920\u0026q=80\" alt=\"Bar chart showing WireGuard is consistently faster than OpenVPN\" width=\"1480\" height=\"1179\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1576780\" /\u003e\u003c/picture\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur results found \u003cb\u003eWireGuard was consistently over 75% quicker than OpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e, no matter where in the world we were connecting to, and on different devices. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn shorter-distance connections, the difference was even more pronounced, with WireGuard running at almost triple the speed of OpenVPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur test results also match other tests done by \u003ca href=\"https://nordvpn.com/blog/one-very-strong-reason-to-be-excited-about-nordlynx/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNordVPN\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://www.wireguard.com/performance/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWireGuard\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWireGuard also establishes a connection much quicker than OpenVPN.\u003c/b\u003e This is important because if the connection is lost or the VPN tunnel breaks for some reason, you want your VPN to reconnect fast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F03%2FNordVPN-Speed-Test-on-macOS-2.webp\u0026w=1920\u0026q=80\" alt=\"NordVPN Speed Test on macOS\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1664\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1426042\" data-mobileimg=\"true\"/\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2018/08/wireguard-vpn-review-fast-connections-amaze-but-windows-support-needs-to-happen/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eArs Technica study\u003c/a\u003e found that an OpenVPN connection can take as long as 8 seconds to initiate, whereas WireGuard connections take around 100 milliseconds.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, OpenVPN is significantly slower than WireGuard on our high speed internet connection. However, \u003cb\u003eif you’re using a VPN with a 100Mbps connection or less, your speed loss won’t be so noticeable.\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Speed","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Encryption \u0026 Security","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e WireGuard and OpenVPN are both very secure VPN protocols with strong encryption. Which is better for encryption and security mostly comes down to personal preference.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you’re wary of newer technologies or like to have more control over your security settings, then OpenVPN is the better option for you. If you like the idea of an efficient, streamlined codebase, then go for WireGuard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: No clear winner. It’s a tie.\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"table-default table-stacked\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWireGuard\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eEncryption Ciphers \u0026amp; Authentication Protocols\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003eAES, Blowfish, Camellia, ChaCha20, Poly1305 \u0026#038; more\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003eChaCha20, Poly1035\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003ePerfect Forward Secrecy\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eSupported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eSupported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eKnown Vulnerabilities\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eNone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eNone\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"spacer\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN lets you use a wide range of encryption ciphers and authentication algorithms, while WireGuard just has a fixed set for each release.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis means that, if a security vulnerability is found in an algorithm, OpenVPN can be quickly configured to use something else. Whereas WireGuard would require a software update across all devices. This ensures there are no devices ever using insecure code.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are currently \u003cb\u003eno known security vulnerabilities\u003c/b\u003e in both WireGuard and OpenVPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN uses the OpenSSL library for encryption, which was first released in 1998 and has been \u003cb\u003ethoroughly tested over a long period of time\u003c/b\u003e. The library supports a wide range of encryption ciphers, including \u003cb\u003eAES\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eBlowfish\u003c/b\u003e, and \u003cb\u003eChaCha20\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard, created in 2015, doesn’t offer a choice of encryption. Instead, it forces you to use \u003cb\u003eChaCha20\u003c/b\u003e for encryption and \u003cb\u003ePoly1305\u003c/b\u003e for authentication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, WireGuard requires much less code than OpenVPN: roughly 4,000 lines of code compared to 70,000 (at least).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis smaller footprint makes \u003cb\u003eWireGuard much easier for security researchers to audit\u003c/b\u003e and verify WireGuard’s code than OpenVPN’s. It also makes WireGuard’s possible attack surface much smaller than OpenVPN’s.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, less code considerably reduces the possibility of bugs occurring in WireGuard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAre New Encryption Algorithms Safe?\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSecurity researchers prefer encryption technology that has been around for a while. This is because newer algorithms may sometimes feature vulnerabilities that just haven’t been identified yet. It’s therefore often safer to go with a more tried-and-tested option.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_832832\" style=\"width: 948px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"\u003e\u003cimg aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-832832\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2023%2F01%2Fwindscribe-wireshark-packet-sniffing.png\u0026w=1800\u0026q=80\" alt=\"Analyzing Windscribe\u0026#039;s encryption using Wireshark\" width=\"938\" height=\"634\" class=\"size-full wp-image-832832\" /\u003e\u003cp id=\"caption-attachment-832832\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"\u003eUsing Wireshark, we verified Windscribe\u0026#8217;s connections are encrypted.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this case, \u003cb\u003eOpenVPN is by far the most tried-and-tested option\u003c/b\u003e. It was released decades before WireGuard, and the AES cipher it uses is almost a decade older than the ChaCha20 and Poly1035 algorithms that WireGuard uses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn practice, however, WireGuard’s relative immaturity doesn’t appear to be a huge security risk. There are three main reasons for this:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cb\u003eWireGuard’s minimal codebase means it can be audited very quickly.\u003c/b\u003e This mitigates a lot of the concerns about the protocol’s lack of rigorous testing, because experts can audit it much faster than OpenVPN’s code.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cb\u003eChaCha20 is very secure.\u003c/b\u003e The ‘20’ in ‘ChaCha20’ means there are 20 rounds of encryption to protect the data. In 2008, ChaCha7 (with seven rounds) was broken, but ChaCha8 remains \u003ca href=\"https://security.googleblog.com/2019/02/introducing-adiantum-encryption-for.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eunbroken to this day\u003c/a\u003e. So you can be confident that ChaCha20 offers a high level of security.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cb\u003eEndorsements from Linux and Google.\u003c/b\u003e \u003ca href=\"http://lkml.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/1808.0/02472.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eLinus Torvalds, original creator of Linux, said:\u003c/a\u003e “Can I just once again state my love for [WireGuard]… Maybe the code isn’t perfect, but I’ve skimmed it, and compared to the horrors that are OpenVPN and IPSec, it’s a work of art.” WireGuard has since been included in the Linux kernel, which represents strong support for its security credentials. Google also switched to using ChaCha20 and Poly1305 for \u003ca href=\"https://security.googleblog.com/2014/04/speeding-up-and-strengthening-https.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eencrypting traffic on its Android devices in 2014\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Encryption \u0026 Security","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Privacy \u0026 Logging","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e Despite what other websites say, both OpenVPN and WireGuard record IP addresses by default. However, they can easily be configured to not store your IP address, using a variety of methods. Configuring OpenVPN to avoid logging is easier than WireGuard, though. If provided by a trustworthy no-logs VPN, both protocols are equally private.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: OpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"table-default table-stacked\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"width: 26%;\"\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"width: 37%;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eLogging\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"width: 37%;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eMitigations\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Logging\"\u003eDefault verbosity setting stores real IP addresses\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Mitigations\"\u003eMinor server configuration, diskless servers\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWireGuard\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Logging\"\u003eDefault configuration stores IP addresses \u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Mitigations\"\u003eDouble NAT, diskless servers\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"spacer\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn essential feature of a safe VPN service is that it \u003cb\u003edoesn’t store any personally-identifiable information\u003c/b\u003e about you. This also applies to the VPN protocol being used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen configuring OpenVPN servers, a VPN service must choose the server’s logging level (also known as “file verbosity”). It starts from level zero, which records very little information, to level 9, which records a lot of sensitive information.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn our research, we found \u003ca href=\"https://github.com/OpenVPN/openvpn/blob/master/sample/sample-config-files/server.conf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOpenVPN’s default configuration is set to level 3\u003c/a\u003e verbosity, which \u003cb\u003elogs real IP addresses and usernames\u003c/b\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, it is \u003cb\u003eextremely easy for VPNs to configure the server to\u003c/b\u003e lower the logging level to zero, and avoid recording real IP addresses. This can also be done by configuring the server to regularly wipe all information. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBear in mind, though, without a third-party audit, it’s hard to tell whether this has been done.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_1576906\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"\u003e\u003cimg aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1576906\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1576906\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F08%2Fopenvpn-logging-default-d.webp\u0026w=900\u0026q=80\" alt=\"OpenVPN's default code\" width=\"500\" height=\"413\" /\u003e\u003cp id=\"caption-attachment-1576906\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"\u003eOpenVPN’s GitHub documentation shows “verb 3” logging is the default.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSimilarly, \u003cb\u003eWireGuard requires permitted IP addresses to be stored\u003c/b\u003e on the server until the server reboots.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is concerning from a privacy standpoint, because if the server is compromised, the IP address could be used to link you to your activity and thereby remove the main benefit of using a VPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBe aware, then, that if you’re using the standard implementation of WireGuard, it’s likely your IP address is being logged for at least the duration of your session.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThankfully, \u003cb\u003emost commercial VPN services that support WireGuard have implemented workarounds\u003c/b\u003e to minimize these privacy risks. Some examples include:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://nordvpn.com/de/blog/nordlynx-protocol-wireguard/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNordVPN:\u003c/a\u003e NordVPN has combined WireGuard with its proprietary Double Network Address Translation (NAT) technology to create NordLynx. Instead of storing your static IP address until the server reboots, NordLynx assigns a unique dynamic IP address to each VPN tunnel, such that each session has a different IP address that only lasts as long as the session.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://mullvad.net/en/help/why-wireguard/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMullvad:\u003c/a\u003e To maximize privacy when using WireGuard, Mullvad deletes your IP address from its servers after 10 minutes of inactivity. As an extra step, Mullvad also suggests you use its Multihop feature to route your traffic through two or more servers when using WireGuard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/general/using-wireguard-for-privacy-protection/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eIVPN:\u003c/a\u003e IVPN deletes your IP address after three minutes of inactivity. It also randomly generates a new IP address every 24 hours, to avoid issues around using a static IP address.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese mitigations will be enough for most users. However, if you are in a strict censorship country or a \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/are-vpns-legal/\"\u003ecountry where officials may try to prosecute VPN users\u003c/a\u003e, it’s probably not a risk worth taking.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe’d also recommend checking with your VPN provider which mitigations they have in place for WireGuard users, if you’re concerned about your privacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Privacy \u0026 Logging","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Data Usage","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e WireGuard uses much less data than OpenVPN. Choose WireGuard if your internet access has a data cap, or if you’re charged based on the amount of bandwidth you consume.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: WireGuard\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUsing a VPN always increases the total amount of data you consume. That’s because the tunneling process sends additional information over the internet, which leads to an increase in data usage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData overhead can affect the speed of your VPN. If you’re on a cell phone contract, you might also spend more money or reach your data limit sooner.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe VPN protocol you use actually impacts how big the data overhead is. Our research found that WireGuard consumes far less data than OpenVPN:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cpicture\u003e\u003csource media=\"(max-width: 768px)\" srcset=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2024/05/m-vpn-protocols-data-consumption-guides.png\"\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F05%2Fd-vpn-protocols-data-consumption-guides.png\u0026w=1920\u0026q=80\" alt=\"\" width=\"1480\" height=\"1080\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1498510\" /\u003e\u003c/picture\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard adds just 4.53% to your data consumption, while OpenVPN UDP has a large overhead of 17.23%. When using OpenVPN TCP, this overhead is even greater, at 19.96%.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard actually has the smallest data overhead of any VPN protocol we’ve tested, including IKEv2 and PPTP. By contrast, OpenVPN has the largest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo test each protocol’s data usage, we used the Linux WireGuard and OpenVPN applications and calculated how much additional data they were adding to our connection, compared to not using a VPN. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor each test, we copied a 209MB test file between two virtual servers. We conducted each test three times, and worked out the average data increase.\u003c/p\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Data Usage","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Mobility","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e Unlike OpenVPN, WireGuard copes impressively well with regular network changes. It’s also faster and more privacy-friendly than IKEv2, which is the default protocol for most VPN apps on mobile.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: WireGuard\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDevices today frequently move between mobile and WiFi networks. A good VPN protocol needs to be able to make that switch efficiently and effectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWireGuard is far better than OpenVPN for mobility.\u003c/b\u003e It handles network changes seamlessly, whereas OpenVPN has historically struggled when users regularly switch between networks. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany VPN services have actually opted to use a different protocol, IKEv2, for mobile devices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2024%2F04%2FExpressVPN-App-on-macOS-amp-iOS-scaled.webp\u0026w=1920\u0026q=80\" alt=\"Testing ExpressVPN\u0026#039;s apps for macOS \u0026amp; iOS\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1704\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1465744\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIKEv2 is a reasonably good VPN protocol, but it is closed source and some people have concerns that it may have been compromised by the NSA. Instead, WireGuard presents a new, open-source solution to the problem of which VPN protocol to use on mobile.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you’re using a VPN while on the move, we strongly recommend using WireGuard rather than OpenVPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Mobility","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"Bypassing Censorship","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e OpenVPN is the better choice for bypassing censorship. It enables you to use port 443, which is very difficult for censorship systems to block. Use OpenVPN (TCP) if you’re trying to access the free, global internet from within countries like China, Iran, and the UAE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: OpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN and WireGuard are both very reliable VPN protocols that deliver a stable internet connection under most circumstances.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, only \u003cb\u003eOpenVPN natively supports TCP, which is helpful for bypassing strict internet blocks\u003c/b\u003e. This is because TCP connections can use port 443, the same port regular HTTPS traffic uses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s highly unlikely that censorship systems in countries like China, Russia, and Turkey would block port 443, because it would halt essential activities like online banking and shopping.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn short, \u003cb\u003eOpenVPN is more effective at bypassing censorship than WireGuard\u003c/b\u003e, because WireGuard natively doesn’t support TCP.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_301668\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"\u003e\u003cimg aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-301668\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-301668\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2022%2F05%2Fastrillvpn-stealthvpn-macos.png\u0026w=750\u0026q=80\" alt=\"Screenshot of Astrill's macOS client.\" width=\"400\" height=\"475\" /\u003e\u003cp id=\"caption-attachment-301668\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"\u003eAstrill VPN offers OpenWeb, OpenVPN, StealthVPN, and WireGuard protocols.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe usually recommend using UDP whenever possible because it’s usually faster, more efficient, and equally stable when used within a VPN tunnel. However, for bypassing firewalls and circumventing censorship, a TCP protocol is preferable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is reflected in the option that VPN services default to when you try to connect in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe found that, in almost every case, when a VPN provider offers both WireGuard and OpenVPN, the service will default to using the OpenVPN protocol when you try to connect from within China.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also tested a few \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/best-vpn/china/\"\u003eVPN services that we know work well in China\u003c/a\u003e to see whether OpenVPN or WireGuard was better at bypassing the Great Firewall of China:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAstrill VPN was able to beat the censorship using \u003cb\u003eboth\u003c/b\u003e OpenVPN and WireGuard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrivate Internet Access (PIA) was only able to connect when using \u003cb\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e, and failed using WireGuard.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"Bypassing Censorship","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"VPN \u0026 Device Compatibility","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--green\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #083D3A;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUMMARY:\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e OpenVPN has been around for almost two decades and is natively supported within almost every VPN app. WireGuard is currently being integrated into more and more VPNs, but your chosen VPN provider is still more likely to support OpenVPN. This is especially the case if you’re using a VPN on your router.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWinner: OpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN is natively supported by almost every commercial VPN service, whereas WireGuard is much less widely available.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard is catching up fast, though. Despite only being released in 2015, the protocol has already been implemented into many leading VPNs – often across both desktop and mobile apps.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere’s an overview of which protocols are supported on 10 of the most popular VPNs:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"table-default table-not-stacked\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003eVPN Protocol\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eExpressVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eNordVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eCyberGhost\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eIPVanish\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSurfshark\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003ePrivateVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003ePIA\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWindscribe\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eProton VPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eAstrill\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"VPN Protocol\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"ExpressVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"NordVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"CyberGhost\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"IPVanish\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Surfshark\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"PrivateVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"PIA\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Windscribe\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Proton VPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Astrill\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"VPN Protocol\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eWireGuard\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"ExpressVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #c64742;\"\u003e✗\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"NordVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"CyberGhost\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"IPVanish\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Surfshark\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"PrivateVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #c64742;\"\u003e✗\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"PIA\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Windscribe\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Proton VPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Astrill\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e✓\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"spacer\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTraditionally, most VPNs use OpenVPN as their default protocol, particularly on desktop. However, we’re now seeing an increasing number of providers switch their allegiance to WireGuard.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor example, CyberGhost now uses WireGuard by default on Android and iOS, and NordVPN uses its NordLynx version of WireGuard as the default in most of its apps.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"block-highlighted block-highlighted--light\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNOTE: To use a VPN on your router, you’ll likely still have to use OpenVPN. Only a few VPNs, like Mullvad and Proton VPN, offer WireGuard at the router-level.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"VPN \u0026 Device Compatibility","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"},{"__typename":"UT_Chapters_Type_DefaultChapter","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"What Are WireGuard \u0026 OpenVPN?","show_jumplink":true},"content":"\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN and WireGuard are two \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/vpn-protocols/\"\u003etypes of VPN protocol\u003c/a\u003e. A VPN protocol is technology used to create a secure tunnel between your device and a VPN server. In other words, a VPN protocol is a key element to \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/what-is-a-vpn/how-does-a-vpn-work/\"\u003ehow a VPN works\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou can use both OpenVPN and WireGuard independently to create your own VPN connection. However, they’re more commonly used as part of \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/best-vpn/\"\u003epersonal VPN services\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere’s an overview of each protocol’s main features:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"table-default table-not-stacked\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 250px;\"\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 255px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 255px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWireGuard\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eInitial Release\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e2001\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e2015\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eOpen Source\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eYes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eYes\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eCode Length\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #c64742;\"\u003e70,000+ Lines\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003e~4,000 Lines\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSpeed\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #a16902;\"\u003eModerate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eVery Fast\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eData Usage\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #c64742;\"\u003eHigh\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eVery Low\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSecurity \u0026#038; Encryption\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eVery Strong\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eVery Strong\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003ePrivacy\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #a16902;\"\u003eNeeds Configuration\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #a16902;\"\u003eNeeds Configuration\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eVPN \u0026#038; Device Compatibility\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"OpenVPN\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eWidely Supported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"WireGuard\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eWidely Supported\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-94987\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2019%2F11%2FOpenVPN-logo.png\u0026w=750\u0026q=80\" alt=\"\" width=\"419\" height=\"131\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe original OpenVPN software was created in 2001 by James Yonan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYonan made OpenVPN to ensure his connection was private while travelling through Central Asia and using Asian and Russian internet connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eToday, Yonan is the CTO of \u003ca href=\"https://openvpn.net/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eOpenVPN Inc.\u003c/a\u003e The company provides business-to-business services as well as running OpenVPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe company’s CEO and founder is Francis Dinha, who grew up in Iraq and shares Yonan’s concerns about staying private from state surveillance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe OpenVPN software has now been downloaded more than 60 million times, and almost every VPN today employs the protocol.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN is available under an open-source license, which means anyone can view its underlying code.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor over a decade, OpenVPN has been considered the pinnacle of VPN security. However, with the release of WireGuard, there is a new contender for that top spot.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eWireGuard\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-80401\" src=\"/_next/image/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top10vpn.com%2Fimages%2F2019%2F08%2FWireGuardLogo-min.png\u0026w=640\u0026q=80\" alt=\"WireGuard Logo\" width=\"349\" height=\"62\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard was created by Jason A. Donenfeld from \u003ca href=\"https://www.edgesecurity.com/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eEdge Security\u003c/a\u003e, and had its first release in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard is designed to improve upon existing VPN protocols by being simpler, faster, and easier to use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike OpenVPN, WireGuard is “cryptographically opinionated,” to use Donenfeld’s words. That means he’s selected one solution for each aspect of the VPN’s security.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, WireGuard includes less choice than OpenVPN, but it’s also far less complex.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike OpenVPN, WireGuard is also open source.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite only being released in September 2015, WireGuard has already been incorporated into a number of VPN services. NordVPN, for example, built its proprietary NordLynx protocol on top of it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","heading_settings":{"content":"What Are OpenVPN and WireGuard?","level":2,"looks_like":2,"custom_id":""},"highlight_chapter":false,"type":"chapter"}],"colour_scheme":"B8C6FC","components_data":{"box_cta":[],"video":[{"type":"youtube","caption":"WireGuard is significantly faster than OpenVPN on Proton VPN.","id":"6205397637aee","url":"https://youtu.be/n5V-zPTppKo","poster_image":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2022/02/OpenVPN-vs-WireGuard-Poster.jpeg"},"mobile_poster_image":{"url":null},"mobile_url":"","show_schema":true,"description":"In this video we put both OpenVPN UDP and WireGuard protocols to the test, back-to-back, on our 350Mbps broadband test connection.","title":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Which Is Faster on Proton VPN?","duration":168,"publish_date":"2022-02-10T00:00:00.000Z"}],"guide_links":[],"hub_cards":null,"tableSheets":[],"collapsible_content":null,"why_trust_us":{"title":"Why Trust Us?","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe\u0026#8217;re fully independent and have been reviewing VPNs since 2016. Our advice is based on our own testing results and is unaffected by financial incentives. Learn \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/about/\"\u003ewho we are\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://www.top10vpn.com/about/how-we-review-vpns/\"\u003ehow we test VPNs\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","show_stats":true,"stats":[{"name":"VPNs Tested","value":"61"},{"name":"Total Hours of Testing","value":"30,000+"},{"name":"Combined Years of Experience","value":"50+"}]}},"external_utils":{"load_hotjar":false,"load_oim":false,"oim_campaign":"","oim_campaign_mobile":""},"intro_chapter":{"heading":"","content":"\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN was released in 2001 and is traditionally seen as the industry’s gold standard. But the new WireGuard VPN protocol has burst onto the scene since its release in 2015, and is now threatening to take that crown away from OpenVPN.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this in-depth guide, we \u003cb\u003ecompare OpenVPN and WireGuard\u003c/b\u003e to see which VPN protocol you should use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur extensive lab tests reveal which of the protocols is best in seven key areas, including \u003cb\u003esecurity\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003espeed\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eprivacy\u003c/b\u003e, \u003cb\u003eease of use\u003c/b\u003e, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe’ll also reveal how these protocols came into being, giving you background information on who’s behind them, and explain the differences in how they work.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-why-trust-us-stats=\"\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSummary Table: WireGuard vs OpenVPN\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere’s a quick summary of how OpenVPN and WireGuard compare in each key category:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"table-default table-not-stacked\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCategory\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003cth style=\"min-width: 125px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWinner\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSpeed\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eWireGuard\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard is twice as fast as OpenVPN, if implemented correctly.\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSecurity \u0026#038; Encryption\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #a16902;\"\u003eTie\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeither protocol has any known security vulnerabilities.\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrivacy \u0026#038; Logging\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN can easily be configured to be logless, whereas VPNs need to include mitigations to ensure user privacy when using WireGuard.\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eWireGuard\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN adds a data overhead of up to 20%, whereas WireGuard uses just 4% more data (compared with not using a VPN).\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMobility\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eWireGuard\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWireGuard offers a more reliable connection for mobile users than OpenVPN because it handles network changes better.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBypassing Censorship\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN is better at bypassing censors (e.g. the Great Firewall of China) because it can use TCP port 443.\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Category\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVPN \u0026#038; Device Compatibility\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd data-header=\"Winner\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #147f77;\"\u003eOpenVPN\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOpenVPN is currently supported by many more VPNs, across many more devices, than WireGuard.\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n","chapter_jumplinks":{"label":"","show_jumplink":false}},"main_image":{"show_image":true,"image":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2021/06/WireGuard-vs-OpenVPN.jpg","alt":"an OpenVPN cyclist racing against a WireGuard cyclist","width":1180,"height":800}},"references":"","related_articles":[{"title":"VPN Protocols Explained: Which One Is Best?","url":"/what-is-a-vpn/vpn-protocols/","image":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2020/03/VPN-encryption-protocols-hero-768x521.png","alt":"illustration of a man putting a message into a secure network of pipes, protecting it from the unprotected data outside of the pipes","width":768,"height":521}},{"title":"Can a VPN Be Hacked?","url":"/guides/can-a-vpn-be-hacked/","image":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2022/06/Why-Does-My-VPN-Keep-Disconnecting-2-768x521.jpg","alt":"Can a VPN be hacked header image","width":768,"height":521}},{"title":"What Is VPN Obfuscation?","url":"/guides/vpn-obfuscation/","image":{"url":"https://www.top10vpn.com/images/2022/07/VPN-Obfuscation-768x521.jpg","alt":"VPN Obfuscation Header Image","width":768,"height":521}}],"title":"WireGuard vs OpenVPN","tldr":{"heading":"Our Verdict","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe more recent WireGuard protocol outperforms OpenVPN in speed by a significant margin and is more efficient, using 15% less data. It also handles network transitions more smoothly and maintains robust security. However, OpenVPN has a proven track record, is more privacy-friendly, and is supported by more VPNs. \u003c/p\u003e\n"},"updated_date":"2024-08-02T16:57:34.000Z","published_date":"2021-05-24T09:24:24.000Z","view_password":"","recaptchaSiteKeyV3":"6Ld6xwAVAAAAAJFsy3_JH2x9-p2xrLHhrVsepqTW","slug":"wireguard-vs-openvpn","embed":null}},"url":{"route":"/guides/[slug]","pathname":"/guides/[slug]","query":{"slug":"wireguard-vs-openvpn"},"asPath":"/guides/wireguard-vs-openvpn/","isFallback":false,"basePath":"","locale":"en","locales":["en","es","it","pl","pt","sv","fr","nl","de","ko"],"defaultLocale":"en","isReady":true,"isPreview":false,"isLocaleDomain":false},"showBanner":false,"vFlag":false,"variant":false,"GA4":"G-4F248Z2SQ6","fpTestsPercentage":"0","__N_SSP":true},"page":"/guides/[slug]","query":{"slug":"wireguard-vs-openvpn"},"buildId":"eba613bb9ce2136c91543a121112b4bfd932a7f4","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gssp":true,"appGip":true,"locale":"en","locales":["en","es","it","pl","pt","sv","fr","nl","de","ko"],"defaultLocale":"en","scriptLoader":[]}</script><script defer="" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-4F248Z2SQ6"></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('set', 'url_passthrough', true); gtag('consent', 'default', { 'ad_storage': 'granted', 'ad_user_data': 'granted', 'ad_personalization': 'granted', 'analytics_storage': 'granted', 'security_storage': 'granted', }); gtag('config','AW-951368176'); gtag('config','G-J4RT6V6VSW'); gtag('config','G-4F248Z2SQ6'); // TEMP: Collecting data on dark mode preference if (window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches) { window.gtag("event", "dark_mode_preference", { value: "dark", send_to: "G-4F248Z2SQ6", }); } else if (window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').matches) { window.gtag("event", "dark_mode_preference", { value: "light", send_to: "G-4F248Z2SQ6", }); } else { window.gtag("event", "dark_mode_preference", { value: "no-preference", send_to: "G-4F248Z2SQ6", }); } // End TEMP </script><noscript><div style="display:inline"><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" alt="" src="//googleads.g.doubleclick.net/pagead/viewthroughconversion/951368176/?guid=ON&script=0"/></div></noscript></body></html>