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Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostantarktika" title="Ostantarktika – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ostantarktika" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="شرق القارة القطبية الجنوبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شرق القارة القطبية الجنوبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Ant%C3%A1rtida_Oriental" title="L'Antártida Oriental – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="L'Antártida Oriental" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99rqi_Antarktida" title="Şərqi Antarktida – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şərqi Antarktida" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Усходняя Антарктыда – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Усходняя Антарктыда" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%A0rtida_Oriental" title="Antàrtida Oriental – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Antàrtida Oriental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%AD_Antarktida" title="Východní Antarktida – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Východní Antarktida" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostantarktika" title="Ostantarktika – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ostantarktika" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%A1rtida_Oriental" title="Antártida Oriental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Antártida Oriental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orienta_Antarkto" title="Orienta Antarkto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Orienta Antarkto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekialdeko_Antartika" title="Ekialdeko Antartika – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ekialdeko Antartika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جنوبگان خاوری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنوبگان خاوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctique_oriental" title="Antarctique oriental – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Antarctique oriental" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%82%A8%EA%B7%B9" title="동남극 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동남극" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1" title="Արևելյան Անտարկտիդա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արևելյան Անտարկտիդա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="पूर्वी अंटार्कटिका – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पूर्वी अंटार्कटिका" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarktika_Timur" title="Antarktika Timur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antarktika Timur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antartide_Orientale" title="Antartide Orientale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Antartide Orientale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97_%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="מזרח אנטארקטיקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מזרח אנטארקטיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="აღმოსავლეთი ანტარქტიდა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აღმოსავლეთი ანტარქტიდა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrumantarkt%C4%ABda" title="Austrumantarktīda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Austrumantarktīda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Источен Антарктик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Источен Антарктик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oost-Antarctica" title="Oost-Antarctica – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oost-Antarctica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5" title="東南極 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="東南極" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98st-Antarktis" title="Øst-Antarktis – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Øst-Antarktis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aust-Antarktis" title="Aust-Antarktis – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aust-Antarktis" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antartic_Orientau" title="Antartic Orientau – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Antartic Orientau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarktyda_Wschodnia" title="Antarktyda Wschodnia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Antarktyda Wschodnia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant%C3%A1rtida_Oriental" title="Antártida Oriental – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Antártida Oriental" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Восточная Антарктида – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Восточная Антарктида" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Antarctica" title="East Antarctica – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="East Antarctica" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%A1_Antarkt%C3%ADda" title="Východná Antarktída – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Východná Antarktída" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%A4-Etel%C3%A4manner" title="Itä-Etelämanner – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itä-Etelämanner" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96stantarktis" title="Östantarktis – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Östantarktis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Antarktika" title="Doğu Antarktika – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğu Antarktika" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Східна Антарктида – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Східна Антарктида" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_ch%C3%A2u_Nam_C%E1%BB%B1c" title="Đông châu Nam Cực – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đông châu Nam Cực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E6%B4%B2" title="東南極洲 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="東南極洲" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E6%B4%B2%E6%9D%B1%E9%83%A8" title="南極洲東部 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="南極洲東部" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%83%A8%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%B4%B2" title="东部南极洲 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="东部南极洲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q866405#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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.ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/East_Antarctica" title="Special:EditPage/East Antarctica">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22East+Antarctica%22">"East Antarctica"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22East+Antarctica%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22East+Antarctica%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22East+Antarctica%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22East+Antarctica%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22East+Antarctica%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Part of Antarctica that lies within the Eastern Hemisphere</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antarctica.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Antarctica.svg/330px-Antarctica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Antarctica.svg/495px-Antarctica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Antarctica.svg/660px-Antarctica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption>Map of Antarctica with Eastern Antarctica seen to the right.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg/220px-Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="540" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg/330px-Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg/440px-Sea_Ice_and_Icebergs_off_East_Antarctica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1954" data-file-height="4800" /></a><figcaption>Image of a variety of ice types off the coast of East Antarctica.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>East Antarctica</b>, also called <b>Greater Antarctica</b>, constitutes the majority (two-thirds) of the <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctic</a> <a href="/wiki/Continent" title="Continent">continent</a>, lying primarily in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a> south of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>, and separated from <a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a>. It is generally greater in elevation than West Antarctica, and includes the <a href="/wiki/Gamburtsev_Mountain_Range" title="Gamburtsev Mountain Range">Gamburtsev Mountain Range</a> in the center. The geographic <a href="/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole">South Pole</a> is located within East Antarctica. </p><p>Apart from small areas of the coast, East Antarctica is permanently covered by ice and it has relatively low <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, with only a small number of species of terrestrial plants, animals, <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lichen" title="Lichen">lichens</a>. The coasts are the breeding ground for various seabirds and penguins, and the <a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">leopard seal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weddell_seal" title="Weddell seal">Weddell seal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elephant_seal" title="Elephant seal">elephant seal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crabeater_seal" title="Crabeater seal">crabeater seal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ross_seal" title="Ross seal">Ross seal</a> breed on the surrounding pack ice in summer. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location_and_description">Location and description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location and description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg/220px-Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg/330px-Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg/440px-Map_of_Transantarctic_Mountains.jpg 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Geographical map of Antarctica</figcaption></figure> <p>Almost completely covered in thick, permanent ice, East Antarctica comprises <a href="/wiki/Coats_Land" title="Coats Land">Coats Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enderby_Land" title="Enderby Land">Enderby Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kemp_Land" title="Kemp Land">Kemp Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mac._Robertson_Land" title="Mac. Robertson Land">Mac. Robertson Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Elizabeth_Land" title="Princess Elizabeth Land">Princess Elizabeth Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II Land">Wilhelm II Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_Land" title="Queen Mary Land">Queen Mary Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilkes_Land" title="Wilkes Land">Wilkes Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_V_Land" title="George V Land">George V Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oates_Land" title="Oates Land">Oates Land</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Land" title="Victoria Land">Victoria Land</a>. All but a small portion of this region lies within the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere" title="Eastern Hemisphere">Eastern Hemisphere</a>, a fact that has suggested the name. The name has been in existence for more than 110 years (Balch, 1902; Nordenskjöld, 1904), but its greatest use followed the <a href="/wiki/International_Geophysical_Year" title="International Geophysical Year">International Geophysical Year</a> (1957–58) and explorations disclosing that the <a href="/wiki/Transantarctic_Mountains" title="Transantarctic Mountains">Transantarctic Mountains</a> provide a useful regional separation of East Antarctica and <a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a>. The name was approved in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Committee_on_Antarctic_Names" title="Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names">Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names</a> (US-ACAN) in 1962. East Antarctica is generally higher than West Antarctica, and is considered the coldest place on <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>. </p><p>The subglacial <a href="/wiki/Gamburtsev_Mountain_Range" title="Gamburtsev Mountain Range">Gamburtsev Mountain Range</a>, about the size of the European Alps, in the center of East Antarctica, are believed to have been the nucleation site for the <a href="/wiki/East_Antarctic_Ice_Sheet" title="East Antarctic Ice Sheet">East Antarctic Ice Sheet</a>, just underneath <a href="/wiki/Dome_A" title="Dome A">Dome A</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Very little of East Antarctica is not covered with <a href="/wiki/Ice" title="Ice">ice</a>. The small areas that remain free of ice (<a href="/wiki/Antarctic_oasis" title="Antarctic oasis">Antarctic oasis</a>), including the <a href="/wiki/McMurdo_Dry_Valleys" title="McMurdo Dry Valleys">McMurdo Dry Valleys</a> inland, constitute a <a href="/wiki/Tundra" title="Tundra">tundra-type</a> <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a> region known as <b>Maudlandia</b> Antarctic <a href="/wiki/Desert" title="Desert">desert</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a>. There are no trees or shrubs, as only very limited plant life can survive here; the flora consists of <a href="/wiki/Lichen" title="Lichen">lichens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">moss</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a> that are adapted to the cold and wind, and cling to rocks. </p><p>The coasts are home to <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penguin" title="Penguin">penguins</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">seals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">Pinnipeds</a>), which feed in the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_penguin" title="Emperor penguin">emperor penguin</a>, which famously breeds in the cold, dark <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a> winter. </p><p>Seabirds of the coast include southern fulmar <i>(<a href="/wiki/Fulmarus_glacialoides" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulmarus glacialoides">Fulmarus glacialoides</a>)</i>, the scavenging southern giant petrel <i>(<a href="/wiki/Macronectes_giganteus" class="mw-redirect" title="Macronectes giganteus">Macronectes giganteus</a>)</i>, Cape petrel <i>(<a href="/wiki/Daption_capense" class="mw-redirect" title="Daption capense">Daption capense</a>)</i>, snow petrel <i>(<a href="/wiki/Pagodroma_nivea" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagodroma nivea">Pagodroma nivea</a>)</i>, the small Wilson's storm-petrel <i>(<a href="/wiki/Oceanites_oceanicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanites oceanicus">Oceanites oceanicus</a>)</i>, the large south polar skua <i>(<a href="/wiki/Catharacta_maccormicki" class="mw-redirect" title="Catharacta maccormicki">Catharacta maccormicki</a>)</i>, and Antarctic petrel <i>(<a href="/wiki/Thalassoica_antarctica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thalassoica antarctica">Thalassoica antarctica</a>)</i>. </p><p>The seals of the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Ocean" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic Ocean">Antarctic Ocean</a> include <a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">leopard seal</a> <i>(Hydrurga leptonyx)</i>, <a href="/wiki/Weddell_seal" title="Weddell seal">Weddell seal</a> <i>(Leptonychotes weddellii)</i>, the huge <a href="/wiki/Southern_elephant_seal" title="Southern elephant seal">southern elephant seal</a> <i>(Mirounga leonina)</i>, <a href="/wiki/Crabeater_seal" title="Crabeater seal">crabeater seal</a> <i>(Lobodon carcinophagus)</i> and <a href="/wiki/Ross_seal" title="Ross seal">Ross seal</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ommatophoca_rossii" class="mw-redirect" title="Ommatophoca rossii">Ommatophoca rossii</a></i>). </p><p> There are no large land animals but <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nematode" title="Nematode">nematodes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Springtail" title="Springtail">springtails</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mite" title="Mite">mites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Midge" title="Midge">midges</a> live on the mosses and lichens.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Macronectes giganteus"><img alt="Macronectes giganteus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg/120px-Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg/180px-Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg/240px-Macronectes_giganteus_-East_Falkland_-flying-8b-4c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="828" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Southern_giant_petrel" title="Southern giant petrel">Macronectes giganteus</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_(Hydrurga_leptonyx)_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hydrurga leptonyx"><img alt="Hydrurga leptonyx" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg/120px-Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg/180px-Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg/240px-Antarctic_Sound-2016-Brown_Bluff%E2%80%93Leopard_seal_%28Hydrurga_leptonyx%29_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3951" data-file-height="2634" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Leopard_seal" title="Leopard seal">Hydrurga leptonyx</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mirounga leonina"><img alt="Mirounga leonina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg/120px-2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg/180px-2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg/240px-2021-06_Amsterdam_Island_-_Southern_elephant_seal_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5196" data-file-height="2923" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Southern_elephant_seal" title="Southern elephant seal">Mirounga leonina</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Threats_and_preservation">Threats and preservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Threats and preservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The remote and extremely cold bulk of Antarctica remains almost entirely untouched by human intervention. The area is protected by the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Antarctic Treaty System</a> which bans industrial development, waste disposal and nuclear testing, while the <a href="/wiki/Barwick_Valley" title="Barwick Valley">Barwick Valley</a>, one of the Dry Valleys, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Rittmann" title="Mount Rittmann">Mount Rittmann</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cryptogam_Ridge" title="Cryptogam Ridge">Cryptogam Ridge</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Melbourne" title="Mount Melbourne">Mount Melbourne</a> are specially protected areas for their undisturbed plant life. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctic_craton" class="mw-redirect" title="East Antarctic craton">East Antarctic craton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Polar plateau">Polar plateau</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/an1102">"Maudlandia Antarctic desert"</a>. <i>Terrestrial Ecoregions</i>. World Wildlife Fund.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrestrial+Ecoregions&rft.atitle=Maudlandia+Antarctic+desert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fecoregions%2Fan1102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Antarctica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usgs.gov/information-policies-and-instructions/copyrights-and-credits">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/2020/https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=gnispq:5:::NO::P5_ANTAR_ID:4247">"East Antarctica"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">Geographic Names Information System</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geographic+Names+Information+System&rft.atitle=East+Antarctica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F2020%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fgeonames.usgs.gov%2Fapex%2Ff%3Fp%3Dgnispq%3A5%3A%3A%3ANO%3A%3AP5_ANTAR_ID%3A4247&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Antarctica" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Antarctica&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/East_Antarctica#Q866405" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:East Antarctica">East Antarctica</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>World Wildlife Fund, C. M. Hogan, S. Draggan. (2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eoearth.org/article/Marielandia_Antarctic_tundra"><i>Marielandia Antarctic tundra.</i></a> in C. J. Cleveland, ed., <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Earth" title="Encyclopedia of Earth">Encyclopedia of Earth</a>. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, DC</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antarctica_topics" title="Template:Antarctica topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antarctica_topics" title="Template talk:Antarctica topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antarctica_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antarctica topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antarctica392" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Antarctica" title="Geography of Antarctica">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_sea_ice" title="Antarctic sea ice">Antarctic sea ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Antarctica" title="Climate of Antarctica">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Antarctica" title="Climate change in Antarctica">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Antarctica_heat_wave" title="2024 Antarctica heat wave">Heat waves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_ice_shelves" title="List of Antarctic ice shelves">Ice shelves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Antarctica" title="Geology of Antarctica">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_glaciers_in_the_Antarctic" title="List of glaciers in the Antarctic">Glaciers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ultras_of_Antarctica" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ultras of Antarctica">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra#Antarctic" title="Tundra">Tundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Antarctica" title="List of volcanoes in Antarctica">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_realm" title="Antarctic realm">Biogeographic realm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Peninsula" title="Antarctic Peninsula">Antarctic Peninsula</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctic_Ice_Sheet" title="East Antarctic Ice Sheet">ice sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Antarctic_Shield" title="East Antarctic Shield">shield</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Antarctica" title="Extreme points of Antarctica">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Floristic_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic Floristic Kingdom">Floristic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pole" title="South Pole">South Pole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_magnetic_pole" title="South magnetic pole">South magnetic pole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctica" title="West Antarctica">West Antarctica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Antarctic_Ice_Sheet" title="West Antarctic Ice Sheet">ice sheet</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bodies of Water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Antarctic/Southern Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_CECs" title="Lake CECs">Lake CECs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_Lake_(Antarctica)" title="Mercer Lake (Antarctica)">Lake Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Vostok" title="Lake Vostok">Lake Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Antarctica" title="List of rivers of Antarctica">List of rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMurdo_Sound" title="McMurdo Sound">McMurdo Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Sea" title="Ross Sea">Ross Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddell_Sea" title="Weddell Sea">Weddell Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_flora" title="Antarctic flora">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_microorganism" title="Antarctic microorganism">Microorganisms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Antarctica" title="Wildlife of Antarctica">Wildlife</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Antarctica" title="List of birds of Antarctica">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Antarctica" title="List of mammals of Antarctica">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_krill" title="Antarctic krill">Krill</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Antarctica_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Antarctica" title="History of Antarctica">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_expeditions" title="List of Antarctic expeditions">Expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_Age_of_Antarctic_Exploration" title="Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration">Heroic Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica_during_World_War_II" title="Antarctica during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonization_of_Antarctica" title="Colonization of Antarctica">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_Antarctica" title="List of years in Antarctica">Years</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Managers_of_National_Antarctic_Programs" title="Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs">Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_activity_in_the_Antarctic" title="Military activity in the Antarctic">Military activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Antarctic_Program" title="National Antarctic Program">National programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_Antarctica" title="Territorial claims in Antarctica">Territorial claims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Treaty_System" title="Antarctic Treaty System">Treaty System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antarctica_Day" title="Antarctica Day">Antarctica Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_English" title="Antarctic English">Antarctic English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Antarctica" title="Crime in Antarctica">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Antarctica" title="Demographics of Antarctica">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Antarctica" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Antarctica">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_field_camps" title="Antarctic field camps">Field camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefighting_in_Antarctica" title="Firefighting in Antarctica">Firefighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Antarctica" class="mw-redirect" title="Flags of Antarctica">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_gateway_cities" title="Antarctic gateway cities">Gateway cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwinter_Day" title="Midwinter Day">Midwinter Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Protected_Area" title="Antarctic Protected Area">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Antarctica" title="Religion in Antarctica">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_stations_in_Antarctica" title="Research stations in Antarctica">Research stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Antarctica" title="Telecommunications in Antarctica">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Antarctica" title="Time in Antarctica">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Antarctica" title="Tourism in Antarctica">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Antarctica" title="Transport in Antarctica">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Antarctica" title="Women in Antarctica">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Famous explorers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roald_Amundsen" title="Roald Amundsen">Roald Amundsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_E._Byrd" title="Richard E. Byrd">Richard E. Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Mawson" title="Douglas Mawson">Douglas Mawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ui-te-Rangiora" title="Ui-te-Rangiora">Ui-te-Rangiora</a> (legendary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clark_Ross" title="James Clark Ross">James Clark Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Robert Falcon Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Shackleton" title="Ernest Shackleton">Ernest Shackleton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Antarctica" title="Category:Antarctica">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Antarctica" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Antarctica">Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Antarctica-related_articles" title="Index of Antarctica-related articles">Index</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geography_of_East_Antarctica76" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:East_Antarctica" title="Template:East Antarctica"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:East_Antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:East Antarctica (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:East_Antarctica" title="Special:EditPage/Template:East Antarctica"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geography_of_East_Antarctica76" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Geography of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Antarctica</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coats_Land" title="Coats Land">Coats Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enderby_Land" title="Enderby Land">Enderby Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_V_Land" title="George V Land">George V Land</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_V_Coast" title="George V Coast">George V Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9l%C3%A9e_Subglacial_Trench" title="Zélée Subglacial Trench">Zélée Subglacial Trench</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemp_Land" title="Kemp Land">Kemp Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac._Robertson_Land" title="Mac. Robertson Land">Mac. Robertson Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oates_Land" title="Oates Land">Oates Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Elizabeth_Land" title="Princess Elizabeth Land">Princess Elizabeth Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_Land" title="Queen Mary Land">Queen Mary Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Martha_Coast" title="Princess Martha Coast">Princess Martha Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Astrid_Coast" title="Princess Astrid Coast">Princess Astrid Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Ragnhild_Coast" title="Princess Ragnhild Coast">Princess Ragnhild Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harald_Coast" title="Prince Harald Coast">Prince Harald Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Olav_Coast" title="Prince Olav Coast">Prince Olav Coast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Land" title="Victoria Land">Victoria Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II Land">Wilhelm II Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkes_Land" title="Wilkes Land">Wilkes Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major ice shelves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amery_Ice_Shelf" title="Amery Ice Shelf">Amery Ice Shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekstrom_Ice_Shelf" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekstrom Ice Shelf">Ekstrom Ice Shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riiser-Larsen_Ice_Shelf" title="Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf">Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shackleton_Ice_Shelf" title="Shackleton Ice Shelf">Shackleton Ice Shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyeykov_Ice_Shelf" title="Voyeykov Ice Shelf">Voyeykov Ice Shelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ice_Shelf" title="West Ice Shelf">West Ice Shelf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seas and major islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davis_Sea" title="Davis Sea">Davis Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Island" title="Mill Island">Mill Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Urville_Sea" title="D'Urville Sea">D'Urville Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Haakon_VII_Sea" title="King Haakon VII Sea">King Haakon VII Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawson_Sea" title="Mawson Sea">Mawson Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masson_Island" title="Masson Island">Masson Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Sea" title="Ross Sea">Ross Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carney_Island" title="Carney Island">Carney Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotia_Sea" title="Scotia Sea">Scotia Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ocean" title="Southern Ocean">Southern Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sturge_Island" title="Sturge Island">Sturge Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weddell_Sea" title="Weddell Sea">Weddell Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Earth&#039;s_polar_regions75" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polar_regions" title="Template:Polar 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