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Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:L235" title="User:L235">‪L235‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <div class="user-block colocation-webhost" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; background-color: #ffefd5; border: 1px solid #AAA; padding: 0.7em;"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/40px-Server-multiple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/60px-Server-multiple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Server-multiple.svg/80px-Server-multiple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><b>The <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a> that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a <a href="/wiki/Web_hosting_service" title="Web hosting service">web host provider</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colocation_centre" title="Colocation centre">colocation provider</a>.</b> To prevent abuse, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked</a> from editing Wikipedia. <div style="border-top: 1px solid #AAA; clear: both">You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Open_proxies" title="Wikipedia:Open proxies">proxy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Virtual_private_network" title="Virtual private network">VPN</a>. <p><b>We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit.</b> For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in. </p><p>If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption#Requesting_and_granting_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">request an IP block exemption</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">appeal this block</a> by adding the following text on your <a href="/wiki/Help:Talk_pages" title="Help:Talk pages">talk page</a>: <code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Unblock" title="Template:Unblock">unblock</a>|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. <i>Place any further information here.</i> ~~~~}}</code>. <b>You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated.</b> Your IP address can be determined <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Get_my_IP_address?withJS=MediaWiki:Get-my-ip.js">here</a></b></span>. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Unblock_Ticket_Request_System" title="Wikipedia:Unblock Ticket Request System">unblock ticket request system</a>. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.</div></div> <p><span class="sysop-show" style="font-size: 85%;"><span style="border:#707070 solid 1px;background-color:#ffe0e0;padding:2px"><b>Administrators:</b></span> The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IP_block_exemption" title="Wikipedia:IP block exemption">IP block exemption</a> user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CheckUser" title="Wikipedia:CheckUser">CheckUser</a> needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SPI#Quick_CheckUser_requests" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SPI">SPI Quick Checkuser Requests</a>. <b>Unblocking</b> an IP or IP range with this template <b>is highly discouraged</b> without at least contacting the blocking administrator.</span> </p> </div></div> </div> <p>This block will expire on 18:23, 24 August 2026. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even when blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit your <a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Special:MyTalk">user talk page</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Emailing_users" title="Wikipedia:Emailing users">email</a> administrators and other editors. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>For information on how to proceed, please read the <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block#Common_questions" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">FAQ for blocked users</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Appealing_a_block" title="Wikipedia:Appealing a block">guideline on block appeals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_appealing_blocks" title="Wikipedia:Guide to appealing blocks">guide to appealing blocks</a> may also be helpful. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li><li class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"> <div id="mw-blocked-text" style="border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, ivory); color: inherit; padding: 1.5em; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 26px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stop_hand_nuvola.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/50px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/75px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f1/Stop_hand_nuvola.svg/100px-Stop_hand_nuvola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="240" /></a></span><b> This IP address range has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">globally blocked</a>.</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: 18px;">This does not affect your ability to <i>read</i> Wikipedia pages.</span></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><b>Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong.</b> Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div> <p>This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis. </p><p>The IP address or range 8.222.128.0/17 has been globally <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Blocking_policy" title="Wikipedia:Blocking policy">blocked</a> by <a href="/wiki/User:Jon_Kolbert" title="User:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a> for the following reason(s): </p> <div style="padding:10px; background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:inherit; border:1px #666 solid;"> <p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </p> </div> <p>This block will expire on 15:12, 27 August 2028. Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Navbox |name = Heads of state and government of Africa |state = {{{state|autocollapse}}} |title = Heads of state and government of Africa |listclass = hlist |group1 = [[Heads of state]] |list1 = {{Navbox|subgroup |group1 = [[United Nations|UN]] [[Member states of the United Nations|member states]] |list1 = * [[President of Algeria|Algeria]] * [[President of Angola|Angola]] * [[President of Benin|Benin]] * [[President of Botswana|Botswana]] * [[List of heads of state of Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] * [[President of Burundi|Burundi]] * [[President of Cameroon|Cameroon]] * [[List of presidents of Cape Verde|Cape Verde]] * [[List of heads of state of the Central African Republic|Central African Republic]] * [[List of heads of state of Chad|Chad]] * [[List of heads of state of the Comoros|Comoros]] * [[President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] * [[List of presidents of the Republic of the Congo|Republic of the Congo]] * [[List of presidents of Djibouti|Djibouti]] * [[President of Egypt|Egypt]] * [[List of presidents of Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea]] * [[List of heads of state of Eritrea|Eritrea]] * [[List of monarchs of Eswatini|Eswatini]] * [[President of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] * [[President of Gabon|Gabon]] * [[President of the Gambia|The Gambia]] * [[President of Ghana|Ghana]] * [[List of presidents of Guinea|Guinea]] * [[List of presidents of Guinea-Bissau|Guinea-Bissau]] * [[List of heads of state of Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]] * [[President of Kenya|Kenya]] * [[List of monarchs of Lesotho|Lesotho]] * [[President of Liberia|Liberia]] * [[List of heads of state of Libya|Libya]] * [[List of presidents of Madagascar|Madagascar]] * [[President of Malawi|Malawi]] * [[List of heads of state of Mali|Mali]] * [[List of heads of state of Mauritania|Mauritania]] * [[President of Mauritius|Mauritius]] * [[King of Morocco|Morocco]] * [[List of presidents of Mozambique|Mozambique]] * [[President of Namibia|Namibia]] * [[List of heads of state of Niger|Niger]] * [[President of Nigeria|Nigeria]] * [[List of presidents of Rwanda|Rwanda]] * [[List of presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe|São Tomé and Príncipe]] * [[President of Senegal|Senegal]] * [[List of presidents of Seychelles|Seychelles]] * [[President of Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone]] * [[President of Somalia|Somalia]] * [[President of South Africa|South Africa]] * [[List of heads of state of South Sudan|South Sudan]] * [[List of heads of state of Sudan|Sudan]] * [[President of Tanzania|Tanzania]] * [[List of presidents of Togo|Togo]] * [[President of Tunisia|Tunisia]] * [[President of Uganda|Uganda]] * [[President of Zambia|Zambia]] * [[President of Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] |group2 = Other states |list2 = * ''[[President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]'' * ''[[List of presidents of Somaliland|Somaliland]]'' }} |group2 = [[Heads of government]] |list2 = {{Navbox|subgroup |group1 = UN member states |list1 = * [[Prime Minister of Algeria|Algeria]] * [[President of Angola|Angola]] * [[President of Benin|Benin]] * [[President of Botswana|Botswana]] * [[List of prime ministers of Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] * [[Prime Minister of Burundi|Burundi]] * [[Prime Minister of Cameroon|Cameroon]] * [[List of prime ministers of Cape Verde|Cape Verde]] * [[List of heads of government of the Central African Republic|Central African Republic]] * [[List of prime ministers of Chad|Chad]] * [[List of heads of state of the Comoros|Comoros]] * [[Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]] * [[List of prime ministers of the Republic of the Congo|Republic of the Congo]] * [[List of Prime Ministers of Djibouti|Djibouti]] * [[Prime Minister of Egypt|Egypt]] * [[List of prime ministers of Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea]] * [[List of heads of state of Eritrea|Eritrea]] * [[List of prime ministers of Eswatini|Eswatini]] * [[Prime Minister of Ethiopia|Ethiopia]] * [[Prime Minister of Gabon|Gabon]] * [[President of the Gambia|The Gambia]] * [[President of Ghana|Ghana]] * [[List of prime ministers of Guinea|Guinea]] * [[List of prime ministers of Guinea-Bissau|Guinea-Bissau]] * [[List of heads of government of Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]] * [[President of Kenya|Kenya]] * [[List of prime ministers of Lesotho|Lesotho]] * [[President of Liberia|Liberia]] * [[List of heads of government of Libya|Libya]] * [[Prime Minister of Madagascar|Madagascar]] * [[President of Malawi|Malawi]] * [[List of prime ministers of Mali|Mali]] * [[List of prime ministers of Mauritania|Mauritania]] * [[Prime Minister of Mauritius|Mauritius]] * [[President of the Government of Morocco|Morocco]] * [[List of prime ministers of Mozambique|Mozambique]] * [[Prime Minister of Namibia|Namibia]] * [[List of prime ministers of Niger|Niger]] * [[President of Nigeria|Nigeria]] * [[Prime Minister of Rwanda|Rwanda]] * [[List of prime ministers of São Tomé and Príncipe|São Tomé and Príncipe]] * [[Prime Minister of Senegal|Senegal]] * [[List of presidents of Seychelles|Seychelles]] * [[President of Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone]] * [[List of prime ministers of Somalia|Somalia]] * [[President of South Africa|South Africa]] * [[List of heads of state of South Sudan|South Sudan]] * [[List of heads of government of Sudan|Sudan]] * [[President of Tanzania|Tanzania]] * [[List of prime ministers of Togo|Togo]] * [[Head of Government of Tunisia|Tunisia]] * [[Prime Minister of Uganda|Uganda]] * [[President of Zambia|Zambia]] * [[President of Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] |group2 = Other states |list2 = * ''[[Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]'' * ''[[List of presidents of Somaliland|Somaliland]]'' }} |group3 = Defunct states<br />and governments |list3 = * Ashanti Empire ** [[List of rulers of Asante|Monarch]] * Benin ** [[List of prime ministers of Benin|Prime Minister]] * Burundi ** [[List of kings of Burundi|King]] * Central African Empire ** [[Emperor of Central Africa|Emperor]] * Dahomey ** [[King of Dahomey|King]] * Egypt ** [[Muhammad Ali dynasty]] *** [[List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty|Monarch]] * Ethiopia ** [[Emperor of Ethiopia|Emperor]] *** [[List of emperors of Ethiopia|list]] * The Gambia ** [[Prime Minister of the Gambia|Prime Minister]] * Ghana ** [[Prime Minister of Ghana|Prime Minister]] * Kenya ** [[Prime Minister of Kenya|Prime Minister]] * Kingdom of Kongo ** [[Manikongo|Monarch]] *** [[List of rulers of Kongo|list]] * Malawi ** [[Prime Minister of Malawi|Prime Minister]] * Merina Kingdom ** [[List of Imerina monarchs|Monarch]] * Nigeria ** [[Prime Minister of Nigeria|Prime Minister]] * Orange Free State ** [[State President of the Orange Free State|State President]] * Rwanda ** [[List of kings of Rwanda|King]] * South African Republic ** [[State President of the South African Republic|State President]] * South Africa ** [[Governor-General of South Africa|Governor-General]] ** [[State President of South Africa|State President]] ** [[Prime Minister of South Africa|Prime Minister]] * Tunisia ** [[List of beys of Tunis|Bey]] * Zanzibar ** [[List of sultans of Zanzibar|Sultan]] ** [[List of heads of government of Zanzibar|Prime Minister]] * Zambia ** [[Prime Minister of Zambia|Prime Minister]] * Zimbabwe ** [[Prime Minister of Zimbabwe|Prime Minister]] * Zulu Kingdom ** [[List of Zulu kings|King]] }}<noinclude> {{Documentation |content = {{collapsible option}} [[Category:Africa political leader navigational boxes| ]] }} </noinclude> </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Collapsible_option" title="Template:Collapsible option">Template:Collapsible option</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Collapsible_option&action=edit" title="Template:Collapsible option">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a 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