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It features a total height of 18 m and a diameter of over 4 m. The modules are in an advanced stage of fabrication and testing by the US ITER Project Office (USIPO) and its subcontractor General Atomics (GA). A qualification module mockup at one to one scale but of reduced height was wound and Vacuum Pressure Impregnated (VPI) by GA to validate final manufacturing, using tooling and processes fully representative of a series module. The module was submitted to a thermal cycle down to the temperature of 4.5 K at which the coils will be cooled by supercritical helium. During plasma operation, the CS modules are subjected to a complex combination of static and dynamic forces. The understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the CS module coils is of paramount importance to analyse and predict the overall response of the CS stack. To this purpose, an extensive programme of investigation of the module mockup has been defined and applied. This allowed assessing, through examination and testing of a large number of VPI conductor array samples extracted from the mockup, the soundness of the coil through advanced non-destructive examination techniques including X-ray microtomography, dimensional metrology measurements and micro-optical observations. Moreover, additional testing of physical and mechanical properties carried out at room and cryogenic temperature allowed the behaviour of the conductor stacks to be assessed. The paper summarises the results of these investigations and their interpretation through mechanical analyses based on the individual properties of the coil constituents. Sgobba, Stefano; Aviles Santillana, Ignacio; Lourenço, Sandra Sophie; Guinchard, Michael; De Frutos, Oscar Sacristan; Jong, Cornelis; Libeyre, Paul; Schild, Thierry; Gaxiola, Enrique; Bennet, José; Mayri, Christophe; Smith, John; Everitt, David; Freudenberg, Kevin" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Coils, Strain measurement, Conductors, Testing, Position measurement, Insulation, Windings, ITER CS, superconducting fusion magnets, thermal contraction, VPI conductor arrays" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="IEEE : Examination and Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of the ITER Central Solenoid Module Coils" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Sgobba, Stefano" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Gaxiola, Enrique" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lourenço, Sandra Sophie" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Schild, Thierry" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Aviles Santillana, Ignacio" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Guinchard, Michael" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Jong, Cornelis" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Bennet, José" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Everitt, David" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="De Frutos, Oscar Sacristan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Freudenberg, Kevin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mayri, Christophe" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Libeyre, Paul" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Smith, John" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1109/TASC.2022.3147732" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="IEEE Trans. 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The modules are in an advanced stage of fabrication and testing by the US ITER Project Office (USIPO) and its subcontractor General Atomics (GA). A qualification module mockup at one to one scale but of reduced height was wound and Vacuum Pressure Impregnated (VPI) by GA to validate final manufacturing, using tooling and processes fully representative of a series module. The module was submitted to a thermal cycle down to the temperature of 4.5 K at which the coils will be cooled by supercritical helium. During plasma operation, the CS modules are subjected to a complex combination of static and dynamic forces. The understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the CS module coils is of paramount importance to analyse and predict the overall response of the CS stack. To this purpose, an extensive programme of investigation of the module mockup has been defined and applied. This allowed assessing, through examination and testing of a large number of VPI conductor array samples extracted from the mockup, the soundness of the coil through advanced non-destructive examination techniques including X-ray microtomography, dimensional metrology measurements and micro-optical observations. Moreover, additional testing of physical and mechanical properties carried out at room and cryogenic temperature allowed the behaviour of the conductor stacks to be assessed. The paper summarises the results of these investigations and their interpretation through mechanical analyses based on the individual properties of the coil constituents." property="og:description" /> <meta content="IEEE" property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="sv">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=sv&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2805758%3Fln%3Dsv" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=sv">Sök</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=sv">Skicka in</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=sv">Hjälp</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=sv">Personifiera</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=sv">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=sv">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=sv">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=sv">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=sv" class="navtrail">Hem</a> > Examination and Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of the ITER Central Solenoid Module Coils </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2805758/?ln=sv">Information </a></li><li class="disabled"><a>Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2805758"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Examination and Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of the ITER Central Solenoid Module Coils</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Göm" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Visa alla 14 författare" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Sgobba%2C%20Stefano&ln=sv">Sgobba, Stefano</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Aviles%20Santillana%2C%20Ignacio&ln=sv">Aviles Santillana, Ignacio</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Louren%C3%A7o%2C%20Sandra%20Sophie&ln=sv">Lourenço, Sandra Sophie</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Guinchard%2C%20Michael&ln=sv">Guinchard, Michael</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=De%20Frutos%2C%20Oscar%20Sacristan&ln=sv">De Frutos, Oscar Sacristan</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Jong%2C%20Cornelis&ln=sv">Jong, Cornelis</a> (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Libeyre%2C%20Paul&ln=sv">Libeyre, Paul</a> (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Schild%2C%20Thierry&ln=sv">Schild, Thierry</a> (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Gaxiola%2C%20Enrique&ln=sv">Gaxiola, Enrique</a> (Euratom, St. Paul Lez Durance) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bennet%2C%20Jos%C3%A9&ln=sv">Bennet, José</a> (CEA, DEN, Saclay)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mayri%2C%20Christophe&ln=sv">Mayri, Christophe</a> (CEA, DEN, Saclay) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Smith%2C%20John&ln=sv">Smith, John</a> (General Atomics, San Diego) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Everitt%2C%20David&ln=sv">Everitt, David</a> (Oak Ridge, U.S. ITER) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Freudenberg%2C%20Kevin&ln=sv">Freudenberg, Kevin</a> (Oak Ridge, U.S. ITER)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2022</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">5</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2022.3147732"><i>IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.</i> 32 (2022) 4200605</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2851932">27th International Conference on Magnet Technology (MT-27)</a>, Fukuoka, Japan, 15 - 19 Nov 2021, pp.4200605</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2022.3147732" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1109/TASC.2022.3147732</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">The ITER Central Solenoid (CS) consists of a stack of six independent coil packs called modules. It features a total height of 18 m and a diameter of over 4 m. The modules are in an advanced stage of fabrication and testing by the US ITER Project Office (USIPO) and its subcontractor General Atomics (GA). A qualification module mockup at one to one scale but of reduced height was wound and Vacuum Pressure Impregnated (VPI) by GA to validate final manufacturing, using tooling and processes fully representative of a series module. The module was submitted to a thermal cycle down to the temperature of 4.5 K at which the coils will be cooled by supercritical helium. During plasma operation, the CS modules are subjected to a complex combination of static and dynamic forces. The understanding of the mechanical behaviour of the CS module coils is of paramount importance to analyse and predict the overall response of the CS stack. To this purpose, an extensive programme of investigation of the module mockup has been defined and applied. This allowed assessing, through examination and testing of a large number of VPI conductor array samples extracted from the mockup, the soundness of the coil through advanced non-destructive examination techniques including X-ray microtomography, dimensional metrology measurements and micro-optical observations. Moreover, additional testing of physical and mechanical properties carried out at room and cryogenic temperature allowed the behaviour of the conductor stacks to be assessed. The paper summarises the results of these investigations and their interpretation through mechanical analyses based on the individual properties of the coil constituents.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">publication: © IEEE 2022</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2060007">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Journalen skapades 2022-04-02, och modifierades senast 2023-03-29</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=sv&p=recid%3A2805758&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Similar records</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <br/> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=sv&recid=2805758">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Exportera <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/hx?ln=sv">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/hm?ln=sv">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/xm?ln=sv">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/xd?ln=sv">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/xe?ln=sv">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/xn?ln=sv">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2805758/export/xw?ln=sv">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2805758/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2805758', addEmail: true, title: "Examination and Characterization of Physical and Mechanical Properties of the ITER Central Solenoid Module Coils", description: "The ITER Central Solenoid (CS) consists of a stack of six independent coil packs called modules. 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This allowed assessing, through examination and testing of a large number of VPI conductor array samples extracted from the mockup, the soundness of the coil through advanced non-destructive examination techniques including X-ray microtomography, dimensional metrology measurements and micro-optical observations. Moreover, additional testing of physical and mechanical properties carried out at room and cryogenic temperature allowed the behaviour of the conductor stacks to be assessed. 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