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Central African Empire - Wikipedia

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<li id="toc-Proclamation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proclamation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Proclamation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proclamation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overthrow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overthrow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Overthrow</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overthrow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>International response</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_response-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Barracuda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Operation Barracuda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation_Barracuda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Central African Empire</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89" title="إمبراطورية إفريقيا الوسطى – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إمبراطورية إفريقيا الوسطى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88" title="اوْرتا آفریقا ایمپراتورلوغو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوْرتا آفریقا ایمپراتورلوغو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Централноафриканска империя – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Централноафриканска империя" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalaeriezh_Kreizafrikan" title="Impalaeriezh Kreizafrikan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Impalaeriezh Kreizafrikan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_Centreafric%C3%A0" title="Imperi Centreafricà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imperi Centreafricà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99edoafrick%C3%A9_c%C3%ADsa%C5%99stv%C3%AD" title="Středoafrické císařství – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Středoafrické císařství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zentralafrikanisches_Kaiserreich" title="Zentralafrikanisches Kaiserreich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zentralafrikanisches Kaiserreich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_centroafricano" title="Imperio centroafricano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imperio centroafricano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr-Afrika_Imperio" title="Centr-Afrika Imperio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Centr-Afrika Imperio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika_Erdiko_Inperioa" title="Afrika Erdiko Inperioa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Afrika Erdiko Inperioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="امپراتوری آفریقای مرکزی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپراتوری آفریقای مرکزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_centrafricain" title="Empire centrafricain – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empire centrafricain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="중앙아프리카 제국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중앙아프리카 제국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekaisaran_Afrika_Tengah" title="Kekaisaran Afrika Tengah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kekaisaran Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0-Afr%C3%ADkukeisarad%C3%A6mi%C3%B0" title="Mið-Afríkukeisaradæmið – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mið-Afríkukeisaradæmið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Centrafricano" title="Impero Centrafricano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impero Centrafricano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrin%C4%97s_Afrikos_Imperija" title="Centrinės Afrikos Imperija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Centrinės Afrikos Imperija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9p-afrikai_Cs%C3%A1sz%C3%A1rs%C3%A1g" title="Közép-afrikai Császárság – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közép-afrikai Császárság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Afrika_Tengah" title="Empayar Afrika Tengah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empayar Afrika Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraal-Afrikaans_Keizerrijk" title="Centraal-Afrikaans Keizerrijk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Centraal-Afrikaans Keizerrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="中央アフリカ帝国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中央アフリカ帝国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_sentralafrikanske_keiserriket" title="Det sentralafrikanske keiserriket – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det sentralafrikanske keiserriket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markaziy_Afrika_Imperiyasi" title="Markaziy Afrika Imperiyasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Markaziy Afrika Imperiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesarstwo_%C5%9Arodkowoafryka%C5%84skie" title="Cesarstwo Środkowoafrykańskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cesarstwo Środkowoafrykańskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Centro-Africano" title="Império Centro-Africano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Centro-Africano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Центральноафриканская империя – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Центральноафриканская империя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Empire" title="Central African Empire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Central African Empire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strzodkowoafrika%C5%84ske_Cys%C5%8Frstwo" title="Strzodkowoafrikańske Cysŏrstwo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Strzodkowoafrikańske Cysŏrstwo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keski-Afrikan_keisarikunta" title="Keski-Afrikan keisarikunta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keski-Afrikan keisarikunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralafrikanska_kejsard%C3%B6met" title="Centralafrikanska kejsardömet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Centralafrikanska kejsardömet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="จักรวรรดิแอฟริกากลาง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดิแอฟริกากลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Afrika_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Orta Afrika İmparatorluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Orta Afrika İmparatorluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Центральноафриканська імперія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Центральноафриканська імперія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="وسطی افریقی سلطنت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وسطی افریقی سلطنت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Trung_Phi" title="Đế quốc Trung Phi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đế quốc Trung Phi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="中非帝國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中非帝國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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.ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Central African Empire</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Empire centrafricain</i></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1976–1979</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Central African Empire"><img alt="Flag of Central African Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div style="padding: 2px 0px 3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Standard_of_Bokassa_I_(1976%E2%80%931979).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Imperial_Standard_of_Bokassa_I_%281976%E2%80%931979%29.svg/125px-Imperial_Standard_of_Bokassa_I_%281976%E2%80%931979%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" 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Dignité, Travail"<br />("Unity, Dignity, Duty")</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b>&#160;"<a href="/wiki/La_Renaissance" title="La Renaissance">La Renaissance</a>"<br />("The Renaissance")</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Central_African_Empire_in_its_region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Central African Empire"><img alt="Location of Central African Empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Central_African_Empire_in_its_region.svg/250px-Central_African_Empire_in_its_region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Central_African_Empire_in_its_region.svg/375px-Central_African_Empire_in_its_region.svg.png 1.5x, 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Church in the Central African Republic">Catholicism</a> (official) <br /> <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Islam in the Central African Republic">Sunni Islam</a> (minority)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary">parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> (<i>de jure</i>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a> under a <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship" title="Military dictatorship">military dictatorship</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Central_Africa" title="Emperor of Central Africa">Emperor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">&#160;</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;1976–1979 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Bokassa I</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of government of the Central African Republic">Prime&#160;Minister</a></th><td class="infobox-data">&#160;</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;1976–1978 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ange-F%C3%A9lix_Patass%C3%A9" title="Ange-Félix Patassé">Ange-Félix Patassé</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;1978–1979 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Ma%C3%AFdou" title="Henri Maïdou">Henri Maïdou</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Establishment</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="#Proclamation">Proclamation</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1976</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Bokassa_I_and_Catherine" title="Coronation of Bokassa I and Catherine">Coronation of Bokassa I</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1977</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">•&#160;<a href="/wiki/Operation_Caban" title="Operation Caban">Overthrow</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">21 September 1979</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">•&#160;Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">622,984&#160;km<sup>2</sup> (240,535&#160;sq&#160;mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">Central African CFA franc</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CF" title="ISO 3166-2:CF">CF</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Central African Empire</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Empire centrafricain</i>) was established on 4 December 1976 when the then-President of the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Jean-Bédel Bokassa</a>, declared himself <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Central_Africa" title="Emperor of Central Africa">Emperor of Central Africa</a>. The empire would fall less than three years later when French and Central African forces overthrew Bokassa and re-established the Central African Republic on 21 September 1979. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proclamation">Proclamation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Proclamation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Central_African_Empire" title="Special:EditPage/Central African Empire">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Central+African+Empire%22">"Central African Empire"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Central+African+Empire%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Central+African+Empire%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Central+African+Empire%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Central+African+Empire%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Central+African+Empire%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In September 1976, President Jean-Bédel Bokassa dissolved the government of the Central African Republic and replaced it with the Central African Revolutionary Council. On 4 December 1976, at the ruling <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Social_Evolution_of_Black_Africa" title="Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa">MESAN</a> party congress, Bokassa instituted a new constitution, converted back to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> after briefly converting to Islam earlier in the year, and declared the country to be a monarchy. He had himself <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Bokassa_I_and_Catherine" title="Coronation of Bokassa I and Catherine">crowned Emperor of Central Africa</a> on 4 December 1977. </p><p>Bokassa's full title was "Emperor of Central Africa by the Will of the Central African People, United within the National Political Party, the MESAN" and used the style "His Imperial Majesty". His regalia, lavish coronation ceremony, and regime were largely inspired by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>, who had converted the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">French First Republic</a> into the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a>. The coronation ceremony was estimated to cost his country roughly <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$20,000,000</span> (<a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">XAF</a>12,230,000,000,00 in modern values), one-third of the country's budget and all of France's aid for that year. </p><p>Bokassa justified his actions by claiming that creating a monarchy would help Central Africa "stand out" from the rest of the continent, and earn the world's respect. Despite invitations, no foreign leaders attended the event. Many <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (July 2023)">like whom?</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> thought Bokassa was insane and compared his egotistical extravagance with that of <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Ugandan</a> dictator <a href="/wiki/Idi_Amin" title="Idi Amin">Idi Amin</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1968_Central_African_Empire_(30249402783).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg/220px-1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg/330px-1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg/440px-1968_Central_African_Empire_%2830249402783%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1402" data-file-height="964" /></a><figcaption>Prefectures of the empire (1978)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overthrow">Overthrow</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Overthrow"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Category:History of the Central African Republic">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="History of the Central African Republic"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">History of the</span></li><li>Central African Republic</li></ul></div></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c. 1910 map of French-ruled Ubangi-Shari"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Oubangui-Chari.jpg/200px-Oubangui-Chari.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Oubangui-Chari.jpg/300px-Oubangui-Chari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Oubangui-Chari.jpg/400px-Oubangui-Chari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="466" /></span></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; border:none;;color: var(--color-base)">Early history</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left; line-height:1.4em; padding:.5em .6em 0 .5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanem_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanem Empire">Kanem Empire</a> <div style="float:right;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;700–1380</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Saharan_slave_trade" title="Trans-Saharan slave trade">Trans-Saharan slave trade</a> <div style="float:right;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8201;1500–1600</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bagirmi" title="Sultanate of Bagirmi">Sultanate of Bagirmi</a> <div style="float:right;">1522–1897</div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadai_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Wadai Empire">Wadai Empire</a> <div style="float:right;">1635–1909</div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; border:none;;color: var(--color-base)">Colonial period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left; line-height:1.4em; padding:.5em .6em 0 .5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/French_Congo" title="French Congo">French Congo</a> <div style="float:right;">1882–1910</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/French_Chad" title="French Chad">French Chad</a> <div style="float:right;">1900–1960</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a> <div style="float:right;">1903–1958</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/French_Cameroon" title="French Cameroon">French Cameroon</a> <div style="float:right;">1918–1960</div><hr /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonisation_of_Africa#French_Empire" title="Decolonisation of Africa">Decolonization</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Kongo-Wara_rebellion" title="Kongo-Wara rebellion">Kongo-Wara rebellion</a> <div style="float:right;">1928–1931</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville_Conference" title="Brazzaville Conference">Brazzaville Conference</a> <div style="float:right;">1944<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_D%C3%A9mocratique_Africain" title="Rassemblement Démocratique Africain">African Democratic Rally</a> <div style="float:right;">1946–1958</div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; border:none;;color: var(--color-base)">Independence</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left; line-height:1.4em; padding:.5em .6em 0 .5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Bokassa period</a> <div style="float:right;">1966–1979</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Saint-Sylvestre_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Saint-Sylvestre coup d&#39;état">Bokassa coup d'état</a> <div style="float:right;">1966<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Empire</a> <div style="float:right;">1976–1979</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Bokassa_I_and_Catherine" title="Coronation of Bokassa I and Catherine">Coronation of Bokassa I</a> <div style="float:right;">1977<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Central_Africa" title="Emperor of Central Africa">Emperor of Central Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Caban" title="Operation Caban">Operation Caban</a> <div style="float:right;">1979<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barracuda" title="Operation Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</a> <div style="float:right;">1979–1981</div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1981 Central African Republic coup d&#39;état">Kolingba coup d'état</a> <div style="float:right;">1981<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Central_African_Republic_coup_attempt" title="1982 Central African Republic coup attempt">Patassé coup attempt</a> <div style="float:right;">1982<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee; border:none;;color: var(--color-base)">Current period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left; line-height:1.4em; padding:.5em .6em 0 .5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Central_African_general_election" title="1993 Central African general election">General election</a> <div style="float:right;">1993<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic#Patassé" title="History of the Central African Republic">Heightened tensions</a> <div style="float:right;">1993–1998</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Bangui_Agreements" title="Bangui Agreements">Bangui Peace Accords</a> <div style="float:right;">1997<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic">United Nations Mission</a> <div style="float:right;">1998<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Bush War</a> <div style="float:right;">2004–2007</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/2001_Central_African_Republic_coup_attempt" title="2001 Central African Republic coup attempt">Kolingba coup attempt</a> <div style="float:right;">2001<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/2003_Central_African_Republic_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2003 Central African Republic coup d&#39;état">Bozizé coup d'état</a> <div style="float:right;">2003<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Civil War</a> <div style="float:right;">2012–<span style="visibility:hidden">0000</span></div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_conflict_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Central African Republic conflict (2013–2014)">Conflict under Djotodia</a> <div style="float:right;">2013–2014</div></li> <li><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bangui_(2013)" title="Battle of Bangui (2013)">Fall of Bangui</a> <div style="float:right;">2013<span style="visibility:hidden">–0000</span></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="font-size:88%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Category:History of the Central African Republic">Category</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="extiw" title="c:Category:History of the Central African Republic">Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Central_African_Republic" title="Portal:Central African Republic">Portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Template:History of the Central African Republic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Template talk:History of the Central African Republic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of the Central African Republic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>By January 1979, French support for Bokassa had eroded after riots in <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a> led to a massacre of civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeredith1997230_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeredith1997230-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Between 17 and 19 April, a number of high school students were arrested after they had protested against wearing the expensive, government-required school uniforms; an estimated 100 were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emperor Bokassa personally participated in the massacre, where he was reported beating dozens of children to death with his own cane.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> The massive press coverage which followed the deaths of the students opened the way for a successful coup which saw French troops in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barracuda" title="Operation Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</a> restore former president <a href="/wiki/David_Dacko" title="David Dacko">David Dacko</a> to power while Bokassa was away in <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> meeting with <a href="/wiki/Gaddafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaddafi">Gaddafi</a> on 20 September 1979. </p><p>Bokassa's overthrow by the French government was called "France's last colonial expedition" by veteran French diplomat and regime change architect <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Foccart" title="Jacques Foccart">Jacques Foccart</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> refused to have France intervene in this manner again.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Operation Barracuda began the night of 20 September and ended early the next morning. An undercover commando squad from the French intelligence agency <a href="/wiki/SDECE" class="mw-redirect" title="SDECE">SDECE</a>, joined by the <a href="/wiki/1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment" title="1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment">1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment</a> led by Colonel Brancion-Rouge, landed by <a href="/wiki/Transall_C-160" title="Transall C-160">Transall C-160</a>, and managed to secure <a href="/wiki/Bangui_M%27Poko_International_Airport" title="Bangui M&#39;Poko International Airport">Bangui M'Poko International Airport</a>. Upon arrival of two more transport aircraft, a message was sent to Colonel Degenne to come in with eight <a href="/wiki/A%C3%A9rospatiale_Puma" class="mw-redirect" title="Aérospatiale Puma">Puma helicopters</a> and Transall aircraft, which took off from <a href="/wiki/N%27Djam%C3%A9na" class="mw-redirect" title="N&#39;Djaména">N'Djaména</a> military airport in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBokassa200632_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBokassa200632-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 12:30&#160;p.m. on September 21, 1979, the pro-French Dacko proclaimed the fall of the Central African Empire. David Dacko remained president until he was overthrown on September 1, 1981, by General <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Kolingba" title="André Kolingba">André Kolingba</a>. </p><p>Bokassa died on November 3, 1996, in the Central African Republic. In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Serge_Bokassa" title="Jean-Serge Bokassa">Jean-Serge Bokassa</a>, who was seven years old when the Emperor was overthrown, stated his father's reign was "indefensible".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_response">International response</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: International response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France's_role"><span id="France.27s_role"></span>France's role</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: France&#039;s role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Jean-Bédel Bokassa</a> took control of the <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a>, the French president at the time, <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>, did not want to engage with the new leader, refusing to receive him and calling him a "bloody idiot."<sup id="cite_ref-:03_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After heavy advising from his chief of staff, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Foccart" title="Jacques Foccart">Jacques Foccart</a>, De Gaulle finally met Bokassa in 1969, three years after he came into power.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After Charles De Gaulle died and <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a> exited office, <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d&#39;Estaing">Valery Giscard d'Estaing</a> took office in 1974. Giscard d'Estaing and Bokassa engaged in correspondence and with Giscard d'Estaing's administration, France and the Central African Empire became close allies.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> When Bokassa declared that he was going to be hosting a coronation for himself as the emperor of the new Central African Empire, many of the novelties that attributed to the luxurious event came from France. This included an imperial crown as well as a golden throne in the shape of an eagle. After various allegations against Bokassa including the beating of school children as well as cannibalism,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> France intervened with two operations that sought to remove Bokassa from office, the final one being <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barracuda" title="Operation Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_Valéry_Giscard"><span id="President_Val.C3.A9ry_Giscard"></span>President Valéry Giscard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: President Valéry Giscard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d&#39;Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d&#39;Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> became the President of France in May 1974,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> where his relationship with <a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Bokassa</a> was more interactive than previous administrations. During his first visit to the country in 1970, Bokassa presented him with diamonds and ivory carvings.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Giscard advised Bokassa to avoid a ceremony on the scale of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> due to the Central African Empire's financial situation; however, though Bokassa ignored Giscard d'Estaing's warning, Giscard d'Estaing was the first to congratulate Bokassa on the transition to Empire. Their relationship made news on 10 October 1979 when a newspaper named the <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Canard_encha%C3%AEn%C3%A9" title="Le Canard enchaîné">Le Canard enchaîné</a></i> broke a story about Bokassa giving thirty carats of diamonds to Giscard d'Estaing and accused him of giving Giscard d'Estaing a plethora of gifts on his visits to the empire. These included elephant tusks, ivory carved objects as well as precious stones estimated to be worth one million francs.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This scandal was later called "Diamondgate"<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> or the <a href="/wiki/Diamonds_Affair" title="Diamonds Affair">Diamonds Affair</a> scandal which contributed to Giscard d'Estaing losing the presidency in the <a href="/wiki/1981_French_presidential_election" title="1981 French presidential election">1981 elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Operation Barracuda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barracuda" title="Operation Barracuda">Operation Barracuda</a></div> <p>Operation Barracuda was initiated in 1979 after the death of several school children after a protest that was shut down with many students imprisoned in Ngaraba.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> France severed ties with Bokassa, and began to plan his excommunication when the emperor began working with <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:03_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> the Libyan leader. Operation Barracuda entailed French soldiers entering the country <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Jean-B%C3%A9del_Bokassa" title="Jean-Bédel Bokassa">Bokassa</a> was on a trip to Libya and instating <a href="/wiki/David_Dacko" title="David Dacko">David Dacko</a>, who had been exiled to Paris,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> as the new leader. France cut off all humanitarian aid for media presence and then later sent French troops into <a href="/wiki/Bangui" title="Bangui">Bangui</a>, the nation's capital, to install David Dacko as the new leader.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Dacko stayed in a hotel in France, where he was exiled, awaiting the call to be transported into the nation as soon as Bokassa made himself unavailable.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Leaders from <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</a> (then <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>) all agreed to the idea as well as to aid the French in transport and military support for Operation Barracuda.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This operation's success effectively ended the Central African Empire and reintroduced the Central African Republic.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Sylvestre_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Saint-Sylvestre coup d&#39;état">Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="History of the Central African Republic">History of the Central African Republic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeredith1997230-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeredith1997230_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeredith1997">Meredith 1997</a>, p.&#160;230.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946313,00.html">"AFRICA: Papa in the Dock"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 11 June 1979<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Time&amp;rft.atitle=AFRICA%3A+Papa+in+the+Dock&amp;rft.date=1979-06-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C946313%2C00.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene2012" class="citation magazine cs1">Greene, B. (12 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/news/slideshows/5-most-notorious-african-warlords?slide=5">"5 Most Notorious African Warlords, Jean-Bédel Bokassa"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. News">U.S. News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=U.S.+News&amp;rft.atitle=5+Most+Notorious+African+Warlords%2C+Jean-B%C3%A9del+Bokassa&amp;rft.date=2012-03-12&amp;rft.aulast=Greene&amp;rft.aufirst=B.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fnews%2Fslideshows%2F5-most-notorious-african-warlords%3Fslide%3D5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:03-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:03_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarayannisLombard2015" class="citation book cs1">Carayannis, Tatiana; Lombard, Louisa, eds. (15 July 2015). <i>Making sense of the Central African Republic</i>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78360-381-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78360-381-7"><bdi>978-1-78360-381-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1004968881">1004968881</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Making+sense+of+the+Central+African+Republic&amp;rft.pub=Bloomsbury&amp;rft.date=2015-07-15&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1004968881&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-78360-381-7&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBokassa200632-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBokassa200632_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBokassa2006">Bokassa 2006</a>, p.&#160;32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson2009" class="citation news cs1">Thomson, M. (2 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7803421.stm">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Good old days' under Bokassa?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=%27Good+old+days%27+under+Bokassa%3F&amp;rft.date=2009-01-02&amp;rft.aulast=Thomson&amp;rft.aufirst=M.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fafrica%2F7803421.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCartwrightTitley1998" class="citation journal cs1">Cartwright, John; Titley, Brian (1998). "Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa". <i>Canadian Journal of African Studies</i>. <b>32</b> (2): 433. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F486174">10.2307/486174</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0008-3968">0008-3968</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/486174">486174</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+African+Studies&amp;rft.atitle=Dark+Age%3A+The+Political+Odyssey+of+Emperor+Bokassa&amp;rft.volume=32&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=433&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.issn=0008-3968&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F486174%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F486174&amp;rft.aulast=Cartwright&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft.au=Titley%2C+Brian&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelly2013" class="citation news cs1">Melly, Paul (2 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-25183377">"Why is France sending troops to Africa again?"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Why+is+France+sending+troops+to+Africa+again%3F&amp;rft.date=2013-12-02&amp;rft.aulast=Melly&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-25183377&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valery-Giscard-dEstaing">"Valéry Giscard d'Estaing | president of France"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&amp;rft.atitle=Val%C3%A9ry+Giscard+d%27Estaing+%7C+president+of+France&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FValery-Giscard-dEstaing&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1981/03/11/world/france-s-president-says-he-sold-bokassa-jewels.html">"France's President Says He Sold Bokassa Jewels"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Reuters. 11 March 1981. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=France%27s+President+Says+He+Sold+Bokassa+Jewels&amp;rft.date=1981-03-11&amp;rft.issn=0362-4331&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1981%2F03%2F11%2Fworld%2Ffrance-s-president-says-he-sold-bokassa-jewels.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/09/24/archives/bokassa-successor-says-dictator-killed-children-in-april-massacre.html">"Bokassa Successor Says Dictator Killed Children in April Massacre"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 24 September 1979. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Bokassa+Successor+Says+Dictator+Killed+Children+in+April+Massacre&amp;rft.date=1979-09-24&amp;rft.issn=0362-4331&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F09%2F24%2Farchives%2Fbokassa-successor-says-dictator-killed-children-in-april-massacre.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrench1996" class="citation news cs1">French, Howard W. (4 November 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/04/world/jean-bedel-bokassa-75-ruled-the-central-african-republic.html">"Jean-Bedel Bokassa, 75, Ruled The Central African Republic"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Jean-Bedel+Bokassa%2C+75%2C+Ruled+The+Central+African+Republic&amp;rft.date=1996-11-04&amp;rft.issn=0362-4331&amp;rft.aulast=French&amp;rft.aufirst=Howard+W.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F11%2F04%2Fworld%2Fjean-bedel-bokassa-75-ruled-the-central-african-republic.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaxter2011" class="citation book cs1">Baxter, Peter (2011). <i>France in Centrafrique: from Bokassa and Operation Barracuda to the days of EUFOR</i>. Helion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907677-37-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907677-37-3"><bdi>978-1-907677-37-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/751804918">751804918</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=France+in+Centrafrique%3A+from+Bokassa+and+Operation+Barracuda+to+the+days+of+EUFOR&amp;rft.pub=Helion&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F751804918&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-907677-37-3&amp;rft.aulast=Baxter&amp;rft.aufirst=Peter&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBokassa2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bokassa, J. (2006). <i>Les diamants de la trahison</i> (in French). Paris: Pharos. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782756900742" title="Special:BookSources/9782756900742"><bdi>9782756900742</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+diamants+de+la+trahison&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Pharos&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=9782756900742&amp;rft.aulast=Bokassa&amp;rft.aufirst=J.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrabb1978" class="citation journal cs1">Crabb, J. C. (1978). "The Coronation of Emperor Bokassa". <i><a href="/wiki/Africa_Today" title="Africa Today">Afr. Today</a></i>. <b>25</b> (3): 25–44. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4185788">4185788</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Afr.+Today&amp;rft.atitle=The+Coronation+of+Emperor+Bokassa&amp;rft.volume=25&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=25-44&amp;rft.date=1978&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4185788%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Crabb&amp;rft.aufirst=J.+C.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeredith1997" class="citation book cs1">Meredith, M. (1997). <i>The State of Africa</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Free_Press_(publisher)" title="Free Press (publisher)">Free Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780743268424" title="Special:BookSources/9780743268424"><bdi>9780743268424</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+State+of+Africa&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Free+Press&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.isbn=9780743268424&amp;rft.aulast=Meredith&amp;rft.aufirst=M.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACentral+African+Empire" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Carayannis, Tatiana, and Lombard, Louisa. <i>Making Sense of the Central African Republic</i>. London: Zed Books, 2015.</li> <li>Baxter, Peter. France in Centrafrique&#160;: From Bokassa and Operation Barracuda to the Days of EUFOR. Africa@War; v. 2. Solihull, West Midlands&#160;: Pinetown, South Africa: Helion&#160;; 30° South Publishers, 2011.</li> <li>Titley, E. Brian. <i>Dark Age the Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa</i>. Canadian Electronic Library. Canadian Publishers Collection. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1997.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_African_Empire&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a 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href="/wiki/List_of_current_non-sovereign_monarchs" title="List of current non-sovereign monarchs">List of current non-sovereign monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchy_referendums" title="List of monarchy referendums">List of monarchy referendums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">Constitutional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diarchy" title="Diarchy">Diarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elective_monarchy" title="Elective monarchy">Elective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_monarchy" title="Federal monarchy">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_monarchy" title="Hereditary monarchy">Hereditary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-sovereign_monarchy" title="Non-sovereign monarchy">Non-sovereign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">Personal union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">Regency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdication" title="Abdication">Abdication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_monarchy" title="Abolition of monarchy">Abolition of monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristocracy_(class)" title="Aristocracy (class)">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_monarchy" title="Criticism of monarchy">Criticism of monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratization" title="Democratization">Democratization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonization" title="Decolonization">Decolonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Head of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legitimacy_(political)" title="Legitimacy (political)">Legitimacy (political)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oligarchy" title="Oligarchy">Oligarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">Order of succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-proclaimed_monarchy" title="Self-proclaimed monarchy">Self-proclaimed monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Titles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chhatrapati" title="Chhatrapati">Chhatrapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor" title="Emperor">Emperor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King" title="King">King</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_regnant" title="Queen regnant">Queen regnant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_regnant" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince regnant">Prince regnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja" title="Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_(title)" title="Khan (title)">khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah" title="Shah">Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Africa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchies_in_Africa" title="Monarchies in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngwenyama" title="Ngwenyama">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Lesotho" title="List of monarchs of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Morocco" title="King of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_constituent_African_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current constituent African monarchs">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchies_in_Asia" title="Monarchies in Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Bahrain" title="King of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Bhutan" title="King of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sultans_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sultans of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Cambodia" title="Monarchy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Jordan" title="List of kings of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_of_Kuwait" title="Emir of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Oman" title="List of rulers of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_of_Qatar" title="Emir of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Thailand" title="Monarchy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="President of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_non-sovereign_Asian_monarchs" title="List of current non-sovereign Asian monarchs">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchies_in_Europe" title="Monarchies in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Co-Princes_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-Princes of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Belgium" title="Monarchy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Denmark" title="Monarchy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Monarchy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Luxembourg" title="Monarchy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Monaco" title="Monarchy of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Norway" title="Monarchy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain" title="Monarchy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereigns_of_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereigns of Vatican City State">Vatican City (Holy See)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchies_in_Oceania" title="Monarchies in Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Tonga" title="List of monarchs of Tonga">Tonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Bahamas" title="Monarchy of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Belize" title="Monarchy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Grenada" title="Monarchy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Jamaica" title="Monarchy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Monarchy in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Niuean_monarchs" title="List of Niuean monarchs">Niue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Monarchy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Monarchy of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Monarchy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Tuvalu" title="Monarchy of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_monarchy" title="Abolition of monarchy">Former</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_Emirate" title="Adamawa Emirate">Adamawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankole" title="Ankole">Ankole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Aussa" title="Sultanate of Aussa">Aussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barotseland" title="Barotseland">Barotseland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Bagirmi" title="Sultanate of Bagirmi">Bagirmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanem%E2%80%93Bornu_Empire" title="Kanem–Bornu Empire">Bornu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Burundi" title="Kingdom of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahomey" title="Dahomey">Dahomey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Kingdom of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Empire" title="Ghana Empire">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gomma" title="Kingdom of Gomma">Gomma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gumma" title="Kingdom of Gumma">Gumma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kaffa" title="Kingdom of Kaffa">Kaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kongo" title="Kingdom of Kongo">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Libya" title="Kingdom of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Luba" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Luba">Luba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merina_Kingdom" title="Merina Kingdom">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Empire" title="Mali Empire">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte#History" title="Mayotte">Maore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maravi" title="Maravi">Maravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moh%C3%A9li#History" title="Mohéli">Mwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjouan#Early_and_colonial_history" title="Anjouan">Ndzuwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Comore#History" title="Grande Comore">Ngazidja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rwanda" title="Kingdom of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilluk_Kingdom" title="Shilluk Kingdom">Shilluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Refreshment" title="Islands of Refreshment">Islands of Refreshment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tunisia" title="Kingdom of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wituland" title="Wituland">Wituland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassoulou_Empire" title="Wassoulou Empire">Wassoulou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeke_Kingdom" title="Yeke Kingdom">Yeke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Zanzibar" title="Sultanate of Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Zimbabwe" title="Kingdom of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_kingdoms_in_pre-colonial_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kingdoms in pre-colonial Africa">and other</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Araucan%C3%ADa_and_Patagonia" title="Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia">Araucanía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_Empire" title="Aztec Empire">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Brazil" title="Empire of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_of_Haiti" title="Second Empire of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Mexican_Empire" title="Second Mexican Empire">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosquito_Coast" title="Mosquito Coast">Miskito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_(Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands)" title="Suriname (Kingdom of the Netherlands)">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Talamanca" title="Kingdom of Talamanca">Talamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Trinidad" title="Principality of Trinidad">Trinidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">Thirteen Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Afghanistan" title="Kingdom of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idrisid_Emirate_of_Asir" title="Idrisid Emirate of Asir">Asir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Bukhara" title="Emirate of Bukhara">Bukhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty" title="Konbaung dynasty">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_(historical_polity)" title="Cebu (historical polity)">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihab_dynasty" title="Shihab dynasty">Chehab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_China" title="Monarchy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapitan_Kingdom" title="Dapitan Kingdom">Dapitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Hejaz</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_monarchies" title="List of Indonesian monarchies">Indonesia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Iran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Qajar_Iran" title="Qajar Iran">Qajar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Kingdom of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Jabal_Shammar" title="Emirate of Jabal Shammar">Jabal Shammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathiri" title="Kathiri">Kathiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Khiva" title="Khanate of Khiva">Khiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumul_Khanate" title="Kumul Khanate">Kumul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kurdistan" title="Kingdom of Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Laos" title="Kingdom of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahra_Sultanate" title="Mahra Sultanate">Mahra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maldivian_monarchs" title="List of Maldivian monarchs">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogd_Khanate_of_Mongolia" title="Bogd Khanate of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Najran" title="Principality of Najran">Najran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nepal" title="Kingdom of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qu%27aiti" title="Qu&#39;aiti">Qu'aiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Kingdom" title="Ryukyu Kingdom">Ryukyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Sarawak</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shan_States" title="Shan States">Shan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sikkim" title="Kingdom of Sikkim">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_monarchy" title="Sinhalese monarchy">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sip_Song_Chau_Tai" title="Sip Song Chau Tai">Sip Song Chau Tai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Kingdom_of_Syria" title="Arab Kingdom of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_(1912%E2%80%931951)" title="Tibet (1912–1951)">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikdom_of_Upper_Asir" title="Sheikdom of Upper Asir">Upper Asir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Yafa" title="Upper Yafa">Upper Yafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Vietnam" title="List of monarchs of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_of_South_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Emirates of South Arabia">Emirates of South Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_South_Arabia" title="Federation of South Arabia">South Arabia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Kingdom_(1928%E2%80%931939)" title="Albanian Kingdom (1928–1939)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aragon" title="Kingdom of Aragon">Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Asturias" title="Kingdom of Asturias">Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria" title="Kingdom of Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bosnia" title="Kingdom of Bosnia">Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Brittany" title="Duchy of Brittany">Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Catalonia" title="Principality of Catalonia">Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Corsica_(1736)" title="Kingdom of Corsica (1736)">Corsica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Cyprus" title="Kingdom of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Finland_(1918)" title="Kingdom of Finland (1918)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia" title="Kingdom of Galicia">Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Granada" title="Emirate of Granada">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hanover" title="Kingdom of Hanover">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iceland" title="Kingdom of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Imereti" title="Kingdom of Imereti">Imereti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ireland" title="Monarchy of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kartli-Kakheti" title="Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti">Kartli-Kakheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lithuania_(1918)" title="Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Majorca" title="Kingdom of Majorca">Majorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Montenegro" title="Kingdom of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_of_Neuch%C3%A2tel#History" title="Canton of Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1720%E2%80%931861)" title="Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)">Piedmont-Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Poland–Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Samos" title="Principality of Samos">Samos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Savoy" title="Duchy of Savoy">Savoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tavolara" title="Kingdom of Tavolara">Tavolara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Kingdom of the Two Sicilies">Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany" title="Grand Duchy of Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Baltic_Duchy" title="United Baltic Duchy">United Baltic Duchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Valencia" title="Kingdom of Valencia">Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Kingdom of Württemberg">Württemberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abemama" title="Abemama">Abemama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bora_Bora" title="Kingdom of Bora Bora">Bora Bora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Easter_Island" title="King of Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Fiji" title="Kingdom of Fiji">Kingdom of Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Kingdom" title="Hawaiian Kingdom">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huahine" title="Huahine">Huahine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangareva" title="Mangareva">Mangareva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niuē-Fekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuku_Hiva" title="Nuku Hiva">Nuku Hiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Raiatea" title="List of monarchs of Raiatea">Raiatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Iti" title="Rapa Iti">Rapa Iti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Rarotonga" title="Kingdom of Rarotonga">Rarotonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimatara" title="Rimatara">Rimatara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rurutu" title="Rurutu">Rurutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahuata" title="Tahuata">Tahuata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tahiti" title="Kingdom of Tahiti">Tahiti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commonwealth realms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Barbados" title="Monarchy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ceylon_(1948%E2%80%931972)" title="Monarchy of Ceylon (1948–1972)">Ceylon</a> (Sri Lanka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Fiji" title="Monarchy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Gambia" title="Queen of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Ghana" title="Queen of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Guyana" title="Queen of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">India</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_princely_states_of_British_India_(alphabetical)" title="List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)">princely states</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State</a> / <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Kenya" title="Queen of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Malawi" title="Queen of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Malta" title="Queen of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Mauritius" title="Queen of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Nigeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Pakistan" title="Monarchy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Rhodesia" title="Queen of Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Queen of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_South_Africa" title="Monarchy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Tanganyika" title="Queen of Tanganyika">Tanganyika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Queen of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Uganda" title="Queen of Uganda">Uganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central_African_Republic_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Template:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Template talk:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Central_African_Republic_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Central African Republic topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_African_Republic_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a>&#160;articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="History of the Central African Republic">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ubangi-Shari" title="Ubangi-Shari">Ubangi-Shari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Equatorial_Africa" title="French Equatorial Africa">French Equatorial Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo-Wara_rebellion" title="Kongo-Wara rebellion">Kongo-Wara rebellion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Central African Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Bush_War" title="Central African Republic Bush War">Bush War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_conflict_(2013%E2%80%932014)" title="Central African Republic conflict (2013–2014)">2013–2014</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Arms of the Central African Republic"><img alt="Arms of the Central African Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="713" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Geography of the Central African Republic">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Template:Borders of the Central African Republic">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of cities in the Central African Republic">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of ecoregions in the Central African Republic">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of mountains of the Central African Republic">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of rivers of the Central African Republic">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Wildlife of the Central African Republic">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Politics of the Central African Republic">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Subdivisions of the Central African Republic">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in the Central African Republic">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Elections in the Central African Republic">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Foreign relations of the Central African Republic">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human rights in the Central African Republic">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Law enforcement in the Central African Republic">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Armed_Forces" title="Central African Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Council_of_Ministers" title="Central African Republic Council of Ministers">Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Central_African_Republic)" title="National Assembly (Central African Republic)">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of political parties in the Central African Republic">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of state of the Central African Republic">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of heads of government of the Central African Republic">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic#Agriculture" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="List of banks in the Central African Republic">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_CFA_franc" title="Central African CFA franc">CFA franc <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_the_Central_African_Republic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Mining industry of the Central African Republic">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Telecommunications in the Central African Republic">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Tourism in the Central African Republic">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Transport in the Central African Republic">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Category:Society of the Central African Republic">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Child_marriage_in_the_Central_African_Republic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Child marriage in the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Demographics of the Central African Republic">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Education in the Central African Republic">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Health in the Central African Republic">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Human trafficking in the Central African Republic">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Languages of the Central African Republic">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Central African Republic">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Polygamy in the Central African Republic">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Prostitution in the Central African Republic">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of the Central African Republic">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cinema of the Central African Republic">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Coat of arms of the Central African Republic">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Cuisine of the Central African Republic">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Flag of the Central African Republic">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Football in the Central African Republic">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Media_of_the_Central_African_Republic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Media of the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Music of the Central African Republic">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Public holidays in the Central African Republic">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Outline of the Central African Republic">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of Central African Republic–related topics">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Central_African_Republic" title="Category:Central African Republic">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Central_African_Republic" title="Portal:Central African Republic">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189988#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189988#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189988#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/153240133">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcWyy8jqdTgTTdVXqGmBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134320-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78060052">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007547862105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐849f99967d‐k9mjd Cached time: 20241123000628 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.067 seconds Real time usage: 1.533 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 7053/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 215773/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 22525/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 33/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 92027/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 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