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آفٹرلائف ٹیکنالوجی کے ذریعے مرحومین سے بات ممکن، مگر کیسے؟ - Opinions - Dawn News Urdu
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box/title title --> <h2 dir="auto" data-layout="story" data-id="1240665" class="story__title text-4xl mb-5 font-semibold "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1240665/" class="story__link ">آفٹرلائف ٹیکنالوجی کے ذریعے مرحومین سے بات ممکن، مگر کیسے؟</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div dir="auto" class=" mb-4 "><span dir="auto" class="story__byline text-5 py-2 text-red-100 dark:text-red-100 hover:text-blue-600 "><a class="story__byline__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208/https://www.dawnnews.tv/authors/3106/arif-perdana">عارف پردانہ</a></span><span class="divider "></span><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time py-2 text-red-100 dark:text-red-100 "><span class="timestamp--label">شائع</span> <span class="timestamp--time timeago" title="2024-08-23T16:24:52+05:00"><span class="timestamp__calendar">23 اگست 2024</span> <span class="timestamp__time">04:24pm</span></span></span> </div> <div class="mb-3.5"> <div class="slideshow 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ہے کہ آپ کے مرحوم والد کا ڈیجیٹل بوٹ تیار ہے۔ اپنے مردہ پیاروں سے بات کرنے کا یہ ورچول طریقہ (خواہ ورچول ریئلیٹی ہیڈ سیٹ کے ذریعے) ایک سائنس فکشن فلم میں قدم رکھنے جیسا ہے جو سنسنی خیز اور قدرے خوفناک دونوں ہی ہے۔</p> <p>جب آپ اپنے والد کے ڈیجیٹل ورژن سے بات کریں گے تو آپ خود کو جذبات کے رولر کوسٹر پر سوار پائیں گے۔ ایسے رازوں اور کہانیوں پر سے پردہ اٹھے گا جنہیں آپ جانتے بھی نہیں اور اس سے مرحوم کی حقیقی شخصیت سے جس سے آپ واقفیت رکھتے ہیں، وہ سب بدل جائے گا۔</p> <p>یہ کوئی تصوراتی یا فرضی منظرنامہ نہیں۔ موت کے بعد کی زندگی سے متعلق آفٹڑ لائف ڈیجیٹل انڈسٹری ترقی کررہی ہے۔ بہت سی کمپنیز نے وعدہ کیا ہے کہ وہ مردہ لوگوں کے ڈیجیٹل استعمال کی بنیاد پر انہیں ورچول طور پر زندہ کرسکتے ہیں۔</p> <p>مصنوعی ذہانت (اے آئی) چیٹ بوٹس اور ورچوول اوتار سے لے کر ہولوگرام تک، یہ ٹیکنالوجی تسلی اور پریشانی دونوں کا ایک عجیب امتزاج پیش کرتی ہے۔ یہ ہمیں گہرے ذاتی تجربات سے منسلک کرکے ماضی اور حال، یادداشت اور حقیقت کے درمیان کی لکیروں کو دھندلا دیتا ہے۔</p> <p>جیسے جیسے یہ منفرد ڈیجیٹل صنعت ترقی پا رہی ہے ویسے ویسے یہ نمایاں اخلاقی اور جذباتی چیلجز کو جنم دیتی ہے۔ ان میں رضامندی، رازداری اور زندہ شخص پر نفسیاتی اثرات کے خدشات شامل ہیں۔</p> <p>مردوں کو ڈیجیٹل طور پر زندہ کرنا اب کوئی فرضی خیال نہیں رہا لیکن اب ہم اس سے متعلق خدشات سے کیسے نمٹیں گے؟</p> <h1><a id="ڈیجیٹل-آفٹر-لائف-انڈسٹری-کیا-ہے" href="#ڈیجیٹل-آفٹر-لائف-انڈسٹری-کیا-ہے" class="heading-permalink" aria-hidden="true" title="Permalink"></a>ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف انڈسٹری کیا ہے؟</h1> <p>ورچوول ریئلیٹی اور اے آئی ٹیکنالوجز کی وجہ سے اب اپنے مرحومین کو ڈیجیٹل دنیا میں زندہ کرنا ممکن ہے۔ مذکورہ انڈسٹری کی کمپنیاں مردہ افراد کے سوشل میڈیا پوسٹس، ای میلز، ٹیکسٹ میسجز اور صوتی ریکارڈنگ سے ڈیٹا استعمال کرتی ہیں تاکہ ایسے ڈیجیٹل پرسنز بنائیں جو زندہ لوگوں کے ساتھ بات چیت کرسکیں۔</p> <p>ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف انڈسٹری میں کھلاڑیوں یعنی سروسز فراہم کرنے والی کمپنیز کی تعداد بڑھ رہی ہے۔</p> <p>ہیئرآفٹر اے آئی کمپنی صارفین کو اپنی زندگی میں اسٹوریز اور پیغامات ریکارڈ کرنے کی اجازت دیتا ہے جن تک رسائی ان کے مرنے کے بعد ان کے پیاروں کی دی جاتی ہے۔ ایک اور کمپنی مائی وشز میں یہ صلاحیت ہے کہ وہ موت کے بعد طے شدہ پیغامات بھیجتا ہے جو شخص نے اپنی زندگی میں ریکارڈ کیے ہوتے ہیں۔</p> <p>ہینسن روبوٹکس نے روبوٹک ڈھانچے بنائے ہیں جو مرنے والے کی یادوں اور شخصیت کی خصوصیات کو استعمال کرتے ہوئے لوگوں کے ساتھ بات چیت کرتے ہیں۔</p> <p> <figure class="media sm:w-full w-full media--stretch "> <div class="media__item "><picture><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208im_/https://i.dawn.com/large/2024/08/23135425a47d9d5.jpg?r=135427" alt="ان ٹیکنالوجیز کے ذریعے آپ مرنے کے بعد بھی اپنے پیاروں سے رابطے میں رہ سکتے ہیں—تصویر: میٹا اے آئی"/></picture></div> <figcaption class="media__caption ">ان ٹیکنالوجیز کے ذریعے آپ مرنے کے بعد بھی اپنے پیاروں سے رابطے میں رہ سکتے ہیں—تصویر: میٹا اے آئی</figcaption> </figure></p> <p>پروجیکٹ دسمبر اپنے صارفین کو اپنے مرحوم پیاروں سے ڈیپ اے آئی کے ذریعے ٹیکسٹ میسجز پر باتیں کرنے کا موقع دیتا ہے۔</p> <p>ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف انڈسٹری میں پیداواری اے آئی بھی اہم کردار ادا کرتا ہے۔ یہ ٹیکنالوجیز انتہائی حقیقت پسندانہ اور انٹرایکٹو ڈیجیٹل شخصیات کی تخلیق کرتی ہیں۔ لیکن اتنی زیادہ حقیقت پسندی سچ اور فرضی کے درمیان لکیر کو دھندلا کرسکتی ہے۔ یہ صارف کے لیے نیا تجربہ ضرور ہوسکتا ہے لیکن ان کے لیے جذباتی اور نفسیاتی پریشانی کا سبب بھی بن سکتا ہے۔</p> <h1><a id="ٹیکنالوجی-کا-غلط-استعمال" href="#ٹیکنالوجی-کا-غلط-استعمال" class="heading-permalink" aria-hidden="true" title="Permalink"></a>ٹیکنالوجی کا غلط استعمال</h1> <p>کمپنیز کی ان خدمات کے ذریعے لوگوں کو اپنے پیاروں کو کھو دینے کے غم سے سنبھلنے کا موقع مل سکتا ہے اور وہ اپنے خیال میں مرنے کے بعد بھی ان سے رابطے میں رہ سکتے ہیں۔ اپنے پیاروں کی آواز سننا یا ورچول طور پر انہیں دیکھنا سکون پہنچا سکتا ہے اور انہیں کھو دینے کے نقصان سے سنبھلنے میں معاون ثابت ہوسکتا ہے۔</p> <p>ہم میں سے کچھ لوگوں کے لیے اپنے مرحومین کی یہ ورچول صورت تھراپی کا کام بھی کرسکتی ہے۔ یہ ہمیں مرنے کے بعد بھی محسوس کرواتی ہیں کہ وہ ہمارے آس پاس ہیں اور نئی مثبت یادیں بنانے کا موقع بھی فراہم کرتی ہیں۔</p> <p>اسی طرح کچھ لوگوں کے لیے یہ جذباتی تاثر منفی بھی ہوسکتا ہے اور غم کم ہونے کے بجائے اس میں شدت آسکتی ہے۔ پیاروں کی اے آئی تشکیل سے اگر نہ چاہتے ہوئے بھی سامنا ہورہا ہے تو اس سے زندہ شخص کی نفسیات کو نقصان پہنچنے کا خدشہ ہے۔ اسے ’ڈیجیٹل خوف‘ بھی کہا جاسکتا ہے۔</p> <p>اس ٹیکنالوجی کے ارد گرد دیگر اہم مسائل اور اخلاقی خدشات میں رضامندی، خود مختاری اور رازداری شامل ہیں۔</p> <p>مثال کے طور پر کیا پتا مردہ شخص نے اجازت ہی نہ دی ہو کہ اس کے ڈیٹا کو مرنے کے بعد اسے ڈیجیٹل طور پر زندہ کرنے کے لیے استعمال کیا جائے۔</p> <p>یہاں یہ بھی رسک ہے کہ ڈیٹا کا غلط استعمال ہوسکتا ہے یا اس میں ہیرا پھیری کی جاسکتی ہے۔ کمپنیز کمرشل فوائد کے لیے بھی ان کا غلط استعمال کرسکتی ہیں اور انہیں اشتہارات یا سروسز فراہم کرنے والی مصنوعات کی طرح بھی استعمال کرسکتے ہیں۔</p> <p>ڈیجیٹل طریقے سے وہ پیغامات بھیجے جا سکتے ہیں یا وہ رویے تخلیق کیے جاسکتے ہیں جو مرحوم کی شخصیت کے بالکل منافی ہو۔</p> <p> <figure class="media sm:w-full w-full media--stretch "> <div class="media__item "><picture><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208im_/https://i.dawn.com/large/2024/08/23135201b6e98b9.gif?r=135427" alt="ورچول ہیڈ سیٹ کے ذریعے اپنے مرحومیں سے ملاقات ممکن ہے"/></picture></div> <figcaption class="media__caption ">ورچول ہیڈ سیٹ کے ذریعے اپنے مرحومیں سے ملاقات ممکن ہے</figcaption> </figure></p> <h1><a id="نگرانی-کی-ضرورت-ہے" href="#نگرانی-کی-ضرورت-ہے" class="heading-permalink" aria-hidden="true" title="Permalink"></a>نگرانی کی ضرورت ہے</h1> <p>تیزی سے ترقی پاتی اس انڈسٹری کے حوالے سے لاحق خدشات کو دور کرنے کے لیے ہمیں اپنے قانونی ڈھانچے کو اپ گریڈ کرنا ہوگا۔ ہمیں ڈیجیٹل اسٹیٹ پلاننگ جیسے مسائل کو حل کرنے کی ضرورت ہے جو مرنے والے کے ڈیجیٹل ڈیٹا اور میموری کی ملکیت کی وراثت کس کو ملے گی، یہ طے کرے۔</p> <p>یوروپی یونین کا جنرل ڈیٹا پروٹیکشن ریگولیشن (جی ڈی پی آر) پوسٹ مارٹم رازداری کے حقوق کو تسلیم کرتا ہے لیکن اسے نفاذ میں چیلنجز کا سامنا ہے۔</p> <p>سوشل میڈیا پلیٹ فارمز متوفی صارفین کے ڈیٹا تک رسائی کو کنٹرول کرتے ہیں،۔ اکثر ورثا کی خواہشات کے خلاف کچھ شقیں معاملات کو پیچیدہ بناتی ہیں۔ پلیٹ فارم کے محدود طریقے جی ڈی پی آر کے نفاذ میں رکاوٹ ہیں۔ جامع تحفظ مطالبہ کرتا ہے کہ انسانی حقوق سے ہم آہنگ، معاہدہ کے قوانین کا از سر نو جائزہ لیا جائے۔</p> <p>ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف انڈسٹری پیاروں کی یادوں کو تحفظ فراہم کرنے کی پیشکش کرتی ہے اور زندہ لوگوں کو ایک طرح سے تسلی دیتی ہے لیکن ساتھ ہی یہ اخلاقی اور جذباتی خدشات کو بھی جنم دیتی ہے۔ ضابطوں اور اخلاقی اصولوں کو نافذ کرکے زندہ اور مردہ دونوں کا احترام کیا جاسکتا ہے تاکہ ڈیجیٹل دنیا میں اپنے مرحومین کو امر کرنے کو یقینی بنایا جاسکے اور انسانیت کو بھی ٹھیس نہ پہنچے۔</p> <h1><a id="ہم-کیا-کرسکتے-ہیں" href="#ہم-کیا-کرسکتے-ہیں" class="heading-permalink" aria-hidden="true" title="Permalink"></a>ہم کیا کرسکتے ہیں؟</h1> <p> <figure class="media sm:w-full w-full media--stretch "> <div class="media__item "><picture><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208im_/https://i.dawn.com/large/2024/08/23135805c27c6d2.jpg" alt="اس ٹیکنالوجی کے منفی اثرات بھی مرتب ہوتے ہیں"/></picture></div> <figcaption class="media__caption ">اس ٹیکنالوجی کے منفی اثرات بھی مرتب ہوتے ہیں</figcaption> </figure></p> <p>محققین نے کئی اخلاقی ضوابط تجویز کیے ہیں۔ کچھ سفارشات میں شامل ہیں کہ لوگوں کے مرنے سے پہلے ڈیجیٹل پرسنز بنانے کے حوالے سے انہیں آگاہ کیا جائے اور ان سے دستاویزی رضامندی لی جائے، کمزور لوگوں کی حفاظت کے لیے عمر کی پابندیاں لگائی جائیں، شفافیت اور مضبوط ڈیٹا کی رازداری اور حفاظتی اقدامات کو یقینی بنانے کے لیے واضح اقدامات کیے جائیں۔</p> <p>آثارِ قدیمہ میں اخلاقی فریم ورک سے اخذ کرتے ہوئے، 2018ء کے ایک مطالعہ نے مرحومین کی ڈیجیٹل شخصیت کو برقرار دینے کی تجویز پیش کی ہے اور دوبارہ ورچول تخلیق میں ضوابط بھی تجویز کیے ہیں۔</p> <p>اخلاقی اور ریگولیٹری حل تیار کرنے کے لیے پالیسی سازوں، آفٹرلاٗف انڈسٹری اور ماہرین تعلیم کے درمیان بات چیت بہت ضروری ہے۔ سروسز فراہم کرنے والی کمپنیز کو صارفین کے لیے ڈیجیٹل شخصیات کے ساتھ تعاملات کو احترام کے ساتھ ختم کرنے کے طریقے بھی پیش کرنے چاہئیں۔</p> <p>محتاط اور ذمہ دارانہ ترقی کے ذریعے ہم ایک ایسا مستقبل تشکیل دے سکتے ہیں جہاں ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف ٹیکنالوجیز مردہ پیاروں کا احترام کریں۔</p> <p>جب ہم اس نئی ٹیکنالوجی، نئی دنیا میں جارہے ہیں تو ممکنہ خطرات اور اخلاقی مخمصوں کے خلاف اپنے پیاروں کے ساتھ جڑنے کے فوائد میں توازن برقرار رکھنا بہت ضروری ہے۔</p> <p>ایسا کرکے ہم اس بات کو یقینی بنا سکتے ہیں کہ ڈیجیٹل آفٹر لائف انڈسٹری اس طریقے سے ترقی کرے جو مرحومین کی یادوں کا بھی احترام کرے اور زندہ لوگوں کی جذباتی بہبود میں بھی معاون ثابت ہو۔</p> <hr/> <p>یہ تحریر انگریزی میں <strong><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240823122208/https://www.dawn.com/news/1849830/technology-the-talking-dead">پڑھیے</a></strong>۔</p> </div> <div class="grid grid-flow-col justify-start -mx-4 mt-3 px-10 py-3 gap-4 sm:gap-10" style="background:rgba(70,70,70,0.1)"> <a class="outline-none social js-social-whatsapp hover:text-green-500" target="_blank" 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