CINXE.COM

宁夏回族自治区 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>宁夏回族自治区 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"8d3ef95b-3b78-4b04-86b2-325247ff0035","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"宁夏回族自治区","wgTitle":"宁夏回族自治区","wgCurRevisionId":84412521,"wgRevisionId":84412521,"wgArticleId":457,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["含有非数字formatnum参数的页面","引文格式1错误:日期","Webarchive模板archiveis链接","使用多个图像且自动缩放的页面","使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面","含有明確引用中文的條目","含有漢語拼音的條目","含有威妥瑪拼音的條目","含有非中文內容的條目","含有閩南語的條目","含有閩東語的條目","含有吳語的條目","含有粵語的條目","含有客家話的條目","包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目", "包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目","包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目","包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目","中国自治区","宁夏","華西","回族自治地方","1958年建立的行政區劃"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"宁夏回族自治区","wgRelevantArticleId":457,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":100000 ,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q57448","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents" ,"ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&amp;modules=ext.gadget.large-font&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/1200px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/800px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/640px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="宁夏回族自治区 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-宁夏回族自治区 rootpage-宁夏回族自治区 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早期历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早期历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>早期历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早期历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-春秋战国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#春秋战国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>春秋战国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-春秋战国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-秦、汉时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#秦、汉时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>秦、汉时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-秦、汉时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-魏晋南北朝时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#魏晋南北朝时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>魏晋南北朝时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-魏晋南北朝时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-隋、唐五代时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#隋、唐五代时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>隋、唐五代时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-隋、唐五代时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-北宋、西夏时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北宋、西夏时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>北宋、西夏时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北宋、西夏时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-元时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#元时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>元时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-元时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-明清时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#明清时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>明清时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-明清时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-明朝" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#明朝"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8.1</span> <span>明朝</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-明朝-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-清朝" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#清朝"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8.2</span> <span>清朝 </span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-清朝-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-民国时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#民国时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>民国时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-民国时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-辛亥宁夏起义" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#辛亥宁夏起义"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.1</span> <span>辛亥宁夏起义</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-辛亥宁夏起义-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-甘宁分省" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#甘宁分省"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.2</span> <span>甘宁分省</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-甘宁分省-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-马家军统治" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马家军统治"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.3</span> <span>马家军统治</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马家军统治-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華人民共和国时期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華人民共和国时期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>中華人民共和国时期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華人民共和国时期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>地理</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地理子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-地形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>地形</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-山脉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#山脉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>山脉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-山脉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-河流和灌渠" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#河流和灌渠"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>河流和灌渠</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-河流和灌渠-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-天然河流" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天然河流"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>天然河流</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天然河流-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人工灌渠" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人工灌渠"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>人工灌渠</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人工灌渠-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-四至" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#四至"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>四至</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-四至-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>人口</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-人口-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关人口子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-人口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-民族" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#民族"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>民族</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-民族-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-汉族" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#汉族"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>汉族</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-汉族-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-回族" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#回族"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>回族</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-回族-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-佛教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#佛教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>佛教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-佛教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-儒教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#儒教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>儒教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-儒教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-伊斯兰教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#伊斯兰教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>伊斯兰教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-伊斯兰教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基督宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基督宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>基督宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基督宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-祆教、景教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#祆教、景教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>祆教、景教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-祆教、景教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>行政区划</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-经济" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#经济"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>经济</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-经济-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关经济子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-经济-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-农业、牧业和渔业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#农业、牧业和渔业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>农业、牧业和渔业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-农业、牧业和渔业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-农业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#农业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>农业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-农业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-种植业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#种植业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>种植业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-种植业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-牧业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#牧业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>牧业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-牧业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-渔业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#渔业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.4</span> <span>渔业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-渔业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交通" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交通"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>交通</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-交通-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关交通子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-交通-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-航空" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#航空"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>航空</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-航空-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-公路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#公路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>公路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-公路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-国道" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国道"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>国道</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国道-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-高速公路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#高速公路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>高速公路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-高速公路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-铁路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#铁路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>铁路</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-铁路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>人物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>教育</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-旅遊" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#旅遊"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>旅遊</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-旅遊-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-友好省区" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#友好省区"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>友好省区</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-友好省区-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-主要领导" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主要领导"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>主要领导</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-主要领导-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">宁夏回族自治区</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。103种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">103种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="نينغشيا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نينغشيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsya-Huey_Muxtar_Rayonu" title="Ninsya-Huey Muxtar Rayonu – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ninsya-Huey Muxtar Rayonu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Нінся-Хуэйскі аўтаномны раён – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нінся-Хуэйскі аўтаномны раён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-хуейски автономен регион – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нинся-хуейски автономен регион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="নিংশিয়া – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিংশিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཉིང་ཤ་ཧུའི་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉིང་ཤ་ཧུའི་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ACng-h%C3%A2" title="Nìng-hâ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nìng-hâ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Huizu_Zizhiqu" title="Ningxia Huizu Zizhiqu – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ningxia Huizu Zizhiqu" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C3%B1%C5%9F%C3%A2_Huy_Muhtar_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Niñşâ Huy Muhtar Bölgesi – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Niñşâ Huy Muhtar Bölgesi" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning-sia" title="Ning-sia – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ning-sia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%AC" title="Νινγκσιά – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νινγκσιά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%9Djao" title="Ningŝjao – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ningŝjao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Hui_Eskualde_Autonomoa" title="Ningxia Hui Eskualde Autonomoa – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ningxia Hui Eskualde Autonomoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگ‌شیا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نینگ‌شیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F" title="寧夏 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="寧夏" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A8n-ha" title="Nèn-ha – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nèn-ha" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%94" title="נינגשיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נינגשיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निंगशिया – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निंगशिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninghszia-Huj_Auton%C3%B3m_Ter%C3%BClet" title="Ninghszia-Huj Autonóm Terület – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ninghszia-Huj Autonóm Terület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1-%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A5%D5%B5" title="Նինսյա-Հուեյ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նինսյա-Հուեյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiono_autonoma_Ningxia_Huizu" title="Regiono autonoma Ningxia Huizu – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Regiono autonoma Ningxia Huizu" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="寧夏回族自治区 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="寧夏回族自治区" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ნინსია-ხუეი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნინსია-ხუეი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia_Hui" title="Ningxia Hui – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ningxia Hui" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F" title="Нинся – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нинся" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%9D%EC%83%A4_%ED%9B%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%A1%B1_%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%EA%B5%AC" title="닝샤 후이족 자치구 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="닝샤 후이족 자치구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningsia" title="Ningsia – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ningsia" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsjas_Hueju_autonomais_re%C4%A3ions" title="Ninsjas Hueju autonomais reģions – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ninsjas Hueju autonomais reģions" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нингсја – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нингсја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="നിൻഗ്സിയ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിൻഗ്സിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%8F_-_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82%D3%A9%D3%A9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ниншя - Хотонгийн өөртөө засах орон – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ниншя - Хотонгийн өөртөө засах орон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निंग्स्या – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="निंग्स्या" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگ‌شیا – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نینگ‌شیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="निङ्जिया – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="निङ्जिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-Хуэйы автономон район – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нинся-Хуэйы автономон район" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ننگزیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ننگزیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninxi%C3%A1" title="Ninxiá – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ninxiá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нинся-Хуэйский автономный район" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ننگشيا – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ننگشيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%A1ja" title="Ningšja – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ningšja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Нингсја – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нингсја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B7%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="நின்ஷியா தன்னாட்சிப் பகுதி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நின்ஷியா தன்னாட்சிப் பகுதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Нинсиа – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нинсиа" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2" title="เขตปกครองตนเองหนิงเซี่ยหุย – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เขตปกครองตนเองหนิงเซี่ยหุย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ning%C5%9Fia_Huy_%C3%96zerk_B%C3%B6lgesi" title="Ningşia Huy Özerk Bölgesi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ningşia Huy Özerk Bölgesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D2%A3%D1%87%D3%99-%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%85%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Ниңчә-Хуэй мөхтәри районы – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ниңчә-Хуэй мөхтәри районы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%89%DA%AD%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AE%DB%87%D9%8A%D8%B2%DB%87_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%87%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89" title="نىڭشيا خۇيزۇ ئاپتونۇم رايونى – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نىڭشيا خۇيزۇ ئاپتونۇم رايونى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Нінся-Хуейський автономний район – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нінся-Хуейський автономний район" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نینگشیا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نینگشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninsya-Xuey_muxtor_rayoni" title="Ninsya-Xuey muxtor rayoni – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ninsya-Xuey muxtor rayoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninh_H%E1%BA%A1" title="Ninh Hạ – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ninh Hạ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ningxia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="宁夏回族自治区 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="宁夏回族自治区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Нинша – 卡尔梅克语" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Нинша" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡尔梅克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ნინსია-ჰუეი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნინსია-ჰუეი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ningzha_Veizcuz_Swcigih" title="Ningzha Veizcuz Swcigih – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ningzha Veizcuz Swcigih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" title="寧夏回族自治區 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="寧夏回族自治區" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAng-h%C4%81_H%C3%B4e-cho%CC%8Dk_Ch%C5%AB-t%C4%AB-khu" title="Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F" title="寧夏 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="寧夏" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q57448#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;oldid=84412521" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&amp;page=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;id=84412521&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25A4%258F%25E5%259B%259E%25E6%2597%258F%25E8%2587%25AA%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E5%258C%25BA"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25A4%258F%25E5%259B%259E%25E6%2597%258F%25E8%2587%25AA%25E6%25B2%25BB%25E5%258C%25BA"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" hreflang="zh"><span>维基新闻</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" hreflang="zh"><span>维基导游</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q57448" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科,自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">&#160;&#160;</span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>宁夏</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法,请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="宁夏 (消歧义)">宁夏 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67735281">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:23em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap"><span class="fn org">宁夏回族自治区</span><br /><span class="nickname" style="font-size:78%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81" class="mw-disambig" title="宁">寧</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#cddeff; font-weight:bold;"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="省级行政区">自治區</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:282px;max-width:282px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:95px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/127px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/191px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg/254px-Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8064" data-file-height="6048" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:149px;max-width:149px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:95px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/147px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/221px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/294px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4218" data-file-height="2740" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:119px;max-width:119px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg/117px-%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg/176px-%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg/234px-%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E7%BA%A2%E5%86%9B%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%A6%86%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%BA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:159px;max-width:159px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg/157px-Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg/236px-Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg/314px-Xumishan_Grottoes_98.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:102px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG/137px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG" decoding="async" width="137" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG/206px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG/274px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1_%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%9F.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:102px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Qingtongxia,_Wuzhong,_Ningxia,_China_-_panoramio_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/137px-Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/206px-Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/274px-Qingtongxia%2C_Wuzhong%2C_Ningxia%2C_China_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div>从左上到右下为:<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5" title="西夏王陵">西夏王陵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E6%99%AF%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中卫市沙坡头景区">中卫市沙坡头景区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="须弥山石窟">须弥山石窟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1%E6%B0%B4%E5%BA%93" title="青铜峡水库">青铜峡</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_in_China_(%2Ball_claims_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="宁夏回族自治区的位置"><img alt="宁夏回族自治区的位置" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/250px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/375px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/500px-Ningxia_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a></span><br /><small>宁夏回族自治区的位置</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">坐标:<span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;params=38.46654_N_106.27056_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">38°28′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">106°16′14″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">38.46654°N 106.27056°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.46654; 106.27056</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="世界政區索引">国家</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">語源</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">取「<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">夏地</a>安宁」之意</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省会列表">首府</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="銀川市">銀川市</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">最大城市</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="銀川市">銀川市</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">行政区划</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><b></b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="地级行政区">地级行政区</a>5个、​<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="县级行政区">县级行政区</a>22个、​<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="乡级行政区">乡级行政区</a>232个</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">政府<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%9A%E5%A7%94%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0" title="自治区党委书记">自治区党委书记</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%BA" title="梁言顺">梁言顺</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="人民代表大会制度">人大常委会</a>主任</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%BA" title="梁言顺">梁言顺</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;自治区主席</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E9%9B%A8%E6%B5%A6" title="张雨浦">张雨浦</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="中国人民政治协商会议">政协</a>主席</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9B%8D" title="陈雍">陈雍</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">面积<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;总计</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">66,400平方公里</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">面积排名</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区土地面积列表">第27名</a>(土地面积)<br />占全国0.692%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">人口<span style="font-weight:normal">(2022)</span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;总计</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">728万人</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;排名</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国各省级行政区人口列表">第31名</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="人口密度">密度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">95人/平方公里</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;密度排名</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国各省级行政区人口密度列表">第28名</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;占全国<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.440%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E5%92%8C%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%87" title="总和生育率">生育率</a><span style="font-weight:normal;">(2010)</span><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.36(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E5%92%8C%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%87%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国各省级行政区总和生育率表">第10名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">族群<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中國民族列表">民族</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a>(65.4%),<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>(33.9%)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">&#160;•&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国语言列表">方言</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="漢語">漢語</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E9%93%B6%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="兰银官话">兰银官话</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="中原官话">中原官话</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%8C%BA" title="时区">时区</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="北京时间">北京时间</a>(<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166码</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CN" title="ISO 3166-2:CN">CN-NX</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码">行政区划代码</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="">64</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">GDP<span style="font-weight:normal;">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%B8%81" title="人民币">¥</a>5,069.57亿元<br /><b>$</b>753.72亿美元(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区地区生产总值列表">第29名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">• 人均</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">¥69225元<br /><b>$</b>10292美元(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中国大陆省级行政区人均地区生产总值列表">第15名</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">• 占全国</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区地区生产总值列表">0.43%</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="HDI">HDI</a><span style="font-weight:normal;">(2014)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.727(<span style="background:#D3FF00;">&#160;高&#160;</span>)<br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:forestgreen">高</span></span>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区人类发展指数列表">第21名</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">網站</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nx.gov.cn">http://www.nx.gov.cn</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align:left; font-size:small; line-height:1.5em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67735281"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #b0c4de;"><b>宁夏回族自治区</b></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" title="繁体字">繁体字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; width: 50%;"><span lang="zh-hant"> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A7" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:寧">寧</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:夏">夏</a> </span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%80%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%97" title="简化字">简化字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; width: 50%;"><span lang="zh-hans"> <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AE%81" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:宁">宁</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8F" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:夏">夏</a> </span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="小儿经">小儿经</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><div style="float: right;"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" title="中文文本">نٍشيَا</span>&#8206;</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%B5%E6%94%BF%E5%BC%8F%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="郵政式拼音">郵政式拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><span lang="zh-latn"> Ningsia </span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed skin-nightmode-reset-color"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc">标音</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官话">官话</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="現代標準漢語">現代標準漢語</a>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="汉语拼音">汉语拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="zh-latn-pinyin"> Níngxià </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%A6%A5%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="威妥瑪拼音">威妥瑪拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="zh-latn-wadegile"> Ning-hsia </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官话">其他官话</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="小儿经">小儿经</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><div style="float: right;"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" title="中文文本">نٍشيَا</span>&#8206;</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="南京官话">南京官话</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%8C%96%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88#輸入法方案" title="南京話拉丁化方案">拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="cmn-latn"> lin<sup>2</sup>xa<sup>4</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="闽语">闽语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A9%B1%E5%AD%97" title="白話字">白話字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="nan-latn-pehoeji"> Lêng-hā </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="潮州話">潮州話</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="潮州話拼音方案">拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="nan-latn"> Lêng-hiā </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E6%9D%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="閩東語">閩東語</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1%E5%AD%97" title="平話字">平話字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="cdo-latn"> Nìng-hâ </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吴语">吴语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吴语">拉丁化</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="wuu-latn"> nyin<sup>平</sup>ya<sup>去</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="粤语">粤语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%B8%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="香港語言學學會粵語拼音方案">粵拼</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="yue-latn-jyutping"> ning<sup>4</sup>haa<sup>6</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="客家话">客語</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="客家話拼音方案">客家话拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="hak-latn"> Nèn-ha </span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: small;">全称</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%97" title="繁体字">繁体字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; width: 50%;"><span lang="zh-hant"> 寧夏回族自治區 </span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; white-space: nowrap; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%80%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%97" title="简化字">简化字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><span style="font-size: 1rem; width: 50%;"><span lang="zh-hans"> 宁夏回族自治区 </span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="小儿经">小儿经</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width: 50%; text-align: left;"><div style="float: right;"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" title="中文文本">نٍشيَا خُوِذُوْ ذِجِثُوْ</span>&#8206;</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: small; width: 50%;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed skin-nightmode-reset-color"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc">标音</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官话">官话</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="現代標準漢語">現代標準漢語</a>)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="汉语拼音">汉语拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="zh-latn-pinyin"> Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="官话">其他官话</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="小儿经">小儿经</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><div style="float: right;"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" title="中文文本">نٍشيَا خُوِذُوْ ذِجِثُوْ</span>&#8206;</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="南京官话">南京官话</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%8C%96%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88#輸入法方案" title="南京話拉丁化方案">拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="cmn-latn"> lin<sup>2</sup>xa<sup>4</sup> huei<sup>2</sup>zu<sup>5</sup> zy<sup>4</sup>zhr<sup>4</sup>qü<sup>1</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="闽语">闽语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A9%B1%E5%AD%97" title="白話字">白話字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="nan-latn-pehoeji"> Lêng-hā Hôe-cho̍k Chū-tī-khu </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="潮州話">潮州話</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="潮州話拼音方案">拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="nan-latn"> Lêng-hiā Huê-tsôk Tsĕu-tī-khu </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%A9%E6%9D%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="閩東語">閩東語</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%A9%B1%E5%AD%97" title="平話字">平話字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="cdo-latn"> Nìng-hâ Huòi-cŭk Cê̤ṳ-dê-kṳ̆ </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吴语">吴语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吴语">拉丁化</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="wuu-latn"> nyin<sup>平</sup>ya<sup>去</sup> we<sup>平</sup>zoh<sup>入</sup> zy<sup>去</sup>zy<sup>去</sup>chiu<sup>平</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="粤语">粤语</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%B8%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="香港語言學學會粵語拼音方案">粵拼</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="yue-latn-jyutping"> ning<sup>4</sup>haa<sup>6</sup> wui<sup>4</sup>zuk<sup>6</sup> zi<sup>6</sup>zi<sup>6</sup>keoi<sup>1</sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9; font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="客家话">客語</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; width: 50%; white-space: nowrap;">-&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%A9%B1%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="客家話拼音方案">客家话拼音</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 50%;;"><span lang="hak-latn"> Nèn-ha Fui-tshu̍k Tshṳ-tshṳ-khî </span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></tbody></table> <p><b>寧夏回族自治区</b>,简称<b>寧</b>,是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西北地区">西北地區</a>的一个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">少数民族自治区</a>,位于<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a>上游<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97" title="河套">河套</a>的一部分。宁夏东邻<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西省</a>,西部、北部接<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a>,南部与<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a>相连。宁夏占全国陆地总面积的0.69%,是中国面积最小的省级<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="民族自治地方">民族自治地方</a>。宁夏下辖五个地级市,首府<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川</a>,是中国西北地区重要的中心城市<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。元初在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>故地置<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" title="西夏中興行省">西夏中兴行省</a>,取“夏地安宁”之意,始有“宁夏”地名。 </p><p>2019年宁夏回族自治区常住人口694.66万人,城镇人口为415.81万人,城镇化率为59.86%。宁夏回族自治区是一个多民族聚居的地方,有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%97%8F" title="蒙古族">蒙古族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F" title="满族">满族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%B9%A1%E6%97%8F" title="东乡族">东乡族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E6%8B%89%E6%97%8F" title="撒拉族">撒拉族</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%97%8F" title="藏族">藏族</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%89%E6%97%8F" title="保安族">保安族</a>等。自治區人民政府駐<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a>解放西街361号。 </p><p>宁夏地形从西南向东北逐渐倾斜,丘陵沟壑林立,地形分为三大板块:北部引黄灌区、中部干旱带、南部山区。其中宁夏北部引黄灌区又称<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>,是黄河上游的第一大平原,属于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="河套平原">河套平原</a>的一部分,开发于秦朝,以43%的面积集中了宁夏60%的人口、80%的城镇和82%的城镇人口,创造了90%以上的GDP和财政收入。中部干旱带、南部山区经济滞后,<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BA" title="西海固">西海固</a>是宁夏回族自治区南部的一个地区,是宁夏西吉县、海原县和固原县三县县名首字的简称。西海固地区被联合国世界粮食计划署确定为全球最不适宜人类居住的地区之一,也是中国最干旱的地区<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>宁夏地区历史悠久,是汉族的原居地之一和古代东亚农业的主要发祥地之一,是中国古代重要的军事战略要地和粮食产区。丝绸之路也在这里留下了众多名胜古迹和灿烂文化,亚洲各民族文化的交流地。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB" title="贺兰山岩画">贺兰山岩画</a>是中国北方岩画的代表,表现了原始游牧先民的生活、祭祀和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E8%85%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="图腾">图腾</a>崇拜。1923年,宁夏灵武<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E%E6%B2%9F%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="水洞沟遗址">水洞沟遗址</a>发掘获得大量石器和少量动物化石,首次证明中国有<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="旧石器时代">旧石器时代</a>遗址存在,这批遗址被德日进等人称作“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="河套文化(页面不存在)">河套文化</a>”。宁夏彭阳县发现的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B2%B3%E5%A1%AC%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="姚河塬遗址">姚河塬遗址</a>是商周时期的封国遗址,出土的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87" title="甲骨文">甲骨文</a>和青铜器,推翻了之前历史学界关于“周人文化未过陇山(<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>)”的论断。 </p><p>先秦时期,“秦霸西戎”,秦惠王击败<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E6%B8%A0%E6%88%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="义渠戎">义渠戎</a>占领宁夏南部,并在宁夏修筑多段<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="秦长城">秦长城</a>。秦始皇时期<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC%E6%94%BB%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战">秦蒙恬攻匈奴之戰</a>后,宁夏全境并入中原王朝,属于北地郡属地,西汉属于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E9%83%A1" title="北地郡">北地郡</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E9%83%A1" title="安定郡">安定郡</a>,北周属<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="原州">原州</a>,隋朝属<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%88%E6%AD%A6%E9%83%A1" title="靈武郡">灵武郡</a>,唐属<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>,辖区广大。西夏属<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%BA%86%E5%BA%9C" title="兴庆府">兴庆府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B9%B3%E5%BA%9C" title="西平府">西平府</a>等。元属<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" title="西夏中興行省">西夏中兴行省</a>,为元朝一级行政区划。宁夏有战国、秦、汉、隋、明等中国古代几乎所有朝代修筑的大量长城、关隘和城堡,全长1507.9公里,其中固原境内战国时期秦长城和盐池、灵武境内的隋长城十分珍贵,宁夏又被称为“长城博物馆”。 </p><p>宁夏面积虽小,但太阳能、风能、煤炭、石膏、天然气等能源资源丰富,也是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B0%94%E4%B8%9C%E8%BE%93" title="西气东输">西气东输</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%94%B5%E4%B8%9C%E9%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="西电东送">西电东送</a>的重要枢纽。宁夏煤炭储量占全国第5位,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E8%A5%BF%E7%85%A4" title="太西煤">太西煤</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>区的侏罗纪<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%83%9F%E7%85%A4" title="无烟煤">无烟煤</a>,在国际上被称之为“煤中之王”,与越南鸿基煤齐名。宁夏的石膏矿藏量居全国第一。宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%9C%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="宁东能源化工基地">宁东能源化工基地</a>是中国重要的能源化工基地,建成世界单产规模最大的煤制石油项目。宁夏是中国首个省级新能源综合示范区,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>风电和光伏的装机占比位居全国第三。宁夏-山东±660千伏直流工程是世界首个±660千伏电压等级的直流输电工程,宁夏灵州至绍兴±800千伏特高压直流输电工程每年向浙江输电500亿千瓦时,沙湖750千伏变电站则承担着伊克昭-临沂±800千伏直流输电工程外送伊克昭换流站电源点的重任。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="宁夏历史">宁夏历史</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早期历史"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E6.9C.9F.E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>早期历史</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:早期历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E%E6%B2%9F%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="水洞沟遗址">水洞沟遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BD%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="鸽子山遗址">鸽子山遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%9C%E5%9B%AD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="菜园遗址">菜园遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB" title="贺兰山岩画">贺兰山岩画</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%B2%A9%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="大麥地岩畫">大麦地岩画</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg/220px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg/330px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg/440px-%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4208" /></a><figcaption>贺兰山岩画太阳神</figcaption></figure> <p>早在4万年前的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A7%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="旧石器时代">旧石器时代</a>晚期,人类就在宁夏这块土地上繁衍生息。宁夏处于远古人类大迁徙的地理通道上,旧石器时代、旧新石器过渡时代、新石器时代的遗址都有在宁夏发现。有代表性的遗址有水洞沟遗址、<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BD%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="鸽子山遗址">鸽子山遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%9C%E5%9B%AD%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="菜园遗址">菜园遗址</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB" title="贺兰山岩画">贺兰山岩画</a>等。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E%E6%B2%9F%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="水洞沟遗址">水洞沟遗址</a>自1923年先后由法、中、苏、美等国家的考古学家进行了6次发掘,从距今4万年的旧石器时代晚期初段至1万年以后的新石器时代都有发现,被誉为“中国有旧石器时代考古的发源地”。1923年夏,法国古生物学家、神学家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%97%A5%E8%BF%9B" title="德日进">德日进</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E5%BF%97%E8%8F%AF" title="桑志華">桑志华</a>首次发掘水洞沟遗址,经过研究,首次证明中国有旧石器时代遗址存在,后把水洞沟称为“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="河套文化(页面不存在)">河套文化</a>”。水洞沟遗址发现有典型的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%92%E7%93%A6%E5%A8%84%E5%93%87%E7%9F%B3%E5%8F%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="勒瓦娄哇石叶(页面不存在)">勒瓦娄哇石叶</a>工业,被视为东西方文化与人群交流的直接证据<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。近年来持续发掘的结果表明,水洞沟的部分当地人是石器时代亚洲、欧洲混血人类的后代。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BD%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="鸽子山遗址">鸽子山遗址</a>处于<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>东麓,是中国重要的旧石器时代晚期的古人类遗址。其文化面貌为发达的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A4%E9%9D%A2%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="两面器(页面不存在)">两面器</a>加工技术和典型的细石器工艺,文化层年代大约为距今12700~10200年。2014年9月至10月,发掘出晚<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世">更新世</a>末期,该地区古人类遗留的大量磨盘、磨棒、装饰品、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%93%E5%88%B6%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="打制石器">打制石器</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%A8%E5%88%B6%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8" title="磨制石器">磨制石器</a>、烧石、种子等的文化堆积<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,大量、完好的火塘表明鸽子山人熟练掌握了取火技术,大量作物种子表明鸽子山人掌握熟练的农耕技巧<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,全景展现了旧时代晚期宁夏古人类的生存画卷。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="春秋战国"><span id=".E6.98.A5.E7.A7.8B.E6.88.98.E5.9B.BD"></span>春秋战国</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:春秋战国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%88%8E" title="西戎">西戎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%8B%84" title="北狄">北狄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B2%B3%E5%A1%AC%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="姚河塬遗址">姚河塬遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E6%B8%A0%E6%88%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="义渠戎">义渠戎</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E6%B0%8F%E6%88%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="乌氏戎(页面不存在)">乌氏戎</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%90%E8%A1%8D%E6%88%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="朐衍戎">朐衍戎</a></div> <p>宁夏地区陆续发现了西周时期的孙家庄文化遗址、姚河塬文化遗址,表明西周早期宁夏南部地区已属周朝疆域。西周时期,宁夏南部有<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8" title="西周">西周</a>王室的封国<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E5%9B%BD" title="薛国">薛国</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="都城">都城</a>在今彭阳姚河源,为目前发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D" title="周朝">周朝</a>最西北的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="封国">封国</a>。 </p><p>春秋时期的宁夏分属于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E6%B8%A0" title="义渠">义渠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%B0%8F" title="烏氏">乌氏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%90%E8%A1%8D" class="mw-disambig" title="朐衍">朐衍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%84%E5%A4%B7" title="緄夷">緄夷</a>等西戎部落方国。西戎諸國的势力十分强大,对中原王朝构成威胁。固原地区的春秋战国时期墓地出土了各类生产生活用具、兵器、车马器和装饰品等青铜文化遗物,揭示出古代游牧民族生活的繁荣景象<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%83%A0%E6%96%87%E7%8E%8B" title="秦惠文王">秦惠文王</a>时期(前337一前311年)在宁夏南部设置<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E6%B0%8F%E5%8E%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="乌氏县(页面不存在)">乌氏县</a>(在今宁夏固原市原州区南),后在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%98%AD%E8%A5%84%E7%8E%8B" title="秦昭襄王">秦昭襄王</a>三十六年(前271年)彻底灭义渠后置北地郡,固原所在区域属北地郡。 </p><p>秦昭襄王三十五年(前272年),宣太后诱杀义渠王于甘泉宫,接着发兵攻打义渠,在宁夏南部增设<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%82%A3%E5%8E%BF_(%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD)" title="朝那县 (秦国)">朝那县</a>。秦军击溃<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E6%B8%A0%E6%88%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="义渠戎">义渠戎</a>占据宁夏大部,宁夏北部的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>地区首次纳入秦国版图,但并未设立城池守护<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。之后匈奴乘机又占据了宁夏中北部。 </p><p>为防御戎、匈奴等势力骚扰,秦于公元前306年至公元前251年数次战争攻灭义渠戎后,在宁夏南部修筑<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%98%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%A6%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="战国秦长城(页面不存在)">战国秦长城</a>。战国秦长城在宁夏境内经过西吉、固原、彭阳3县,全长约174公里,其中部分秦长城在明朝又被修缮利用<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="秦、汉时期"><span id=".E7.A7.A6.E3.80.81.E6.B1.89.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>秦、汉时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:秦、汉时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC%E6%94%BB%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战">秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%89%E5%B7%9E%E5%88%BA%E5%8F%B2%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="凉州刺史部">凉州刺史部</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%97%9C" title="蕭關">萧关</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E9%83%A1" title="安定郡">安定郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E9%83%A1" title="北地郡">北地郡</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a></div> <p>秦始皇二十七年(前220年)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,秦始皇首巡北地郡,经<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%9D%E9%82%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="朝那(页面不存在)">朝那</a>湫(今宁夏回族自治区彭阳县古城镇西)<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E7%A6%85" title="封禅">封禅</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>秦始皇三十三年,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC%E6%94%BB%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战">秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战</a>后从匈奴手中夺取<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC" title="蒙恬">蒙恬</a>在宁夏平原中北部设立军事建制浑怀障,置<b>浑怀都尉</b>,开始屯田戍边<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>西汉惠帝四年(公元前191年),置灵州县,作为行政建制管理宁夏北部,于灵州县北建“河奇苑”和“号非苑”两马苑,以牧马<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>公元前114年,汉武帝为加强西北边地军事防御,在宁夏南部固原置安定郡,建<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%B9%B3%E5%9F%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="高平城(页面不存在)">高平城</a>,因其城坚池深,史称“高平第一城”。汉武帝元鼎五年(前112年)十月,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="汉武帝">汉武帝</a>越陇山<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>,出<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%97%9C" title="蕭關">萧关</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="固原">固原</a>东南),首次巡视安定郡(今宁夏固原),检查边防,又沿宁夏中南部的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a>谷北上,狩猎于“新秦中”(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>、内蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="包头">包头</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E5%B1%AF" title="軍屯">军屯</a>区域)史学家<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="司马迁">司马迁</a>随从巡视<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>西汉元鼎五年(公元前112年)在<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="银川平原">银川平原</a>筑<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B8%E5%86%9C%E5%9F%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="典农城(页面不存在)">典农城</a>,<b>典农</b>即为“规范农业生产”之意。汉成帝阳朔年间(前24~前21年),北地郡上河典农都尉冯参,在今银川东郊修建了北典农城。另筑有南典农城,在今宁夏青铜峡市邵岗与玉泉营之间。汉武帝时期大举开发宁夏农业,迁关东之民70万户安置于<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%A5%97&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东套(页面不存在)">东套</a>。西汉设置田官,开挖河渠用以灌溉<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>汉代宁夏南部<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>地区出现了一些豪强家族,如安定梁氏、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E7%9A%87%E7%94%AB%E6%B0%8F" title="安定皇甫氏">安定皇甫氏</a>等,不少宗族子弟位列公卿。 </p><p>西汉末期到东汉初期,在北地郡、安定郡等沿边各郡相继安置了大批归附的羌民,宁夏形成农牧混杂、民族混居的情况。公元57年,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89%E4%B8%8E%E7%BE%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="东汉与羌的战争">东汉与羌的战争</a>爆发。东汉永元十四年(102年),安定郡(今宁夏固原)数百羌民叛乱。永初二年(108年),羌族部落头领滇零攻占北地郡(今宁夏吴忠西南),同年滇零在北地郡称帝。永初五年(111年),因羌乱势大,东汉政府无力有效管辖,便下诏将边塞四郡(北地郡、安定郡、上郡、陇西郡)迁往关内。将北地郡的郡治富平县迁往池阳(今陕西泾阳县西北),史称“边塞四郡内迁”。滇零称帝后,羌族士兵频繁出兵进攻掠夺三辅,一度占领大片凉州、并州的土地。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89%E4%B8%8E%E7%BE%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="东汉与羌的战争">东汉与羌的战争</a>长达半个多世纪,造成宁夏地区北地郡、安定郡人口锐减,永和五年(公元140 年)的户籍数据表明,北地郡六城经历羌乱后,户仅3100多,口仅18000余,人口仅为西汉人口北地郡的(户64000,口21万有余)的8.5%<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="魏晋南北朝时期"><span id=".E9.AD.8F.E6.99.8B.E5.8D.97.E5.8C.97.E6.9C.9D.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>魏晋南北朝时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:魏晋南北朝时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E7%8E%8B%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="八王之乱">八王之乱</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%A6%E5%87%89%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="秦凉之变(页面不存在)">秦凉之变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%84%E9%AA%A8%E5%BE%8B%E9%95%87" title="薄骨律镇">薄骨律镇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%AD%8F" title="西魏">西魏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F" title="北魏">北魏</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8" title="北周">北周</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD" title="三国">三国</a>时期,宁夏南部属于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%AD%8F" title="曹魏">魏国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E9%83%A1" title="安定郡">安定郡</a>。 </p><p>西晋初年,由于中原战乱频发,无暇西顾,鲜卑、匈奴大量内迁宁夏,高平川(今宁夏中部、南部的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a>流域)一带,就有<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%91" title="鲜卑">鲜卑</a>人部众万余。 </p><p>晋泰始四年至于五年(268—269)间,凉州(今宁夏、甘肃、内蒙古西部地区)连年大旱,数十万人饥荒。大将胡烈屯兵于高平川(今宁夏固原市<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a>流域),派兵进占<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E7%94%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="麦田">麦田</a>(约今宁夏中卫大麦地一带)的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%91" title="河西鮮卑">河西鲜卑</a>聚居地。胡烈没有进行赈灾和安抚,其高压处理使得凉州汉族和匈奴、鲜卑等族矛盾激化。 </p><p>泰始六年(270年)河西鲜卑秃发部首领<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="樹機能">树机能</a>起兵抗西晋,秦凉之变开始,斩杀胡烈于万斛堆(约今宁夏中卫和甘肃靖远一带)。随后氐、羌、匈奴等部皆叛。咸宁五年(279年)十二月,大将马隆杀秃发树机能,凉州方平定,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%A6%E5%87%89%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="秦凉之变(页面不存在)">秦凉之变</a>结束。 </p><p>晉惠帝元康元年(291年),「八王之亂」開始,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B6%BC%E5%B7%9E%E7%89%A7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="涼州牧(页面不存在)">涼州牧</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E8%BB%8C" title="張軌">張軌</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%9A%E9%83%A1" title="安定郡">安定郡</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%8F%E6%B0%8F%E7%B8%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="烏氏縣(页面不存在)">烏氏縣</a>人,今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="寧夏">寧夏</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市">固原市</a>)占有凉州,領兵平定<a href="/wiki/%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鮮卑">鮮卑</a>,成为前涼的奠基者,他重视教育,减免赋税,恢复生产。永嘉之亂後,中原和關中地區的很多百姓流入涼州。320年,前涼建国,为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="十六國">十六國</a>之一,追<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E8%BB%8C" title="張軌">張軌</a>为凉太祖。宁夏属于前涼的北地郡和安定郡。 </p><p>此后,宁夏南部属于<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="雍州">雍州</a>,先后被<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E8%B6%99" class="mw-redirect" title="後趙">後趙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%A7%A6" title="前秦">前秦</a>占领。宁夏北部属于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>铁弗部。 </p><p>后秦弘始八年(407年),后秦安北将军、阳川侯<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%9E%E5%8B%83%E5%8B%83" title="赫连勃勃">赫连勃勃</a>扣押<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E7%84%B6" title="柔然">柔然</a>可汗送给后秦的八千匹马,然后假装在高平川(今宁夏南清水河)狩猎,袭杀后秦高平公<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%92%E5%BC%88%E5%B9%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="沒弈干">没弈干</a>。随后,赫连勃勃于高平城(宁夏固原)公开反叛<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E7%A7%A6" title="后秦">后秦</a>。义熙三年(407年)赫连勃勃以高平城为根据地<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,建立<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-disambig" title="大夏">大夏</a>。宁夏全境属于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-disambig" title="大夏">大夏</a>,重要城池包括高平城(今宁夏固原)、薄骨律城(即灵州,今宁夏吴忠西北)、饮汗城(今宁夏银川)。赫连勃勃在饮汗城(今银川)以东营建丽子园,作为避暑园林。 </p><p>公元431年,大夏國為北魏所滅,宁夏全境并入北魏。薄骨律鎮(今宁夏吴忠西北)鎮將刁雍,开艾山渠,灌溉农田。 </p><p>535年,西魏建立,宁夏全境并入西魏。后并入北周。 </p><p>建德三年(公元574年),周武帝遷二萬戶於麗子園(今銀川掌政一帶),在今宁夏銀川市设置懷遠縣和懷遠郡。周宣政元年,周武帝迁江左数万人于灵州,因为“其江左之人,崇礼好学,习俗相化,因谓之‘塞北江南’”,宁夏此后又有‘塞北江南’的别称(578年)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="隋、唐五代时期"><span id=".E9.9A.8B.E3.80.81.E5.94.90.E4.BA.94.E4.BB.A3.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>隋、唐五代时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:隋、唐五代时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E5%8E%9F%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="泾原节度使">泾原节度使</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="原州都督府">原州都督府</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%90%E8%97%A9%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="唐藩战争(页面不存在)">唐藩战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%94%E5%9F%8E" title="河外五城">河外五城</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG/220px-%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG/330px-%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG/440px-%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E5%BA%A7%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E5%83%8F.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>宁夏固原须弥山石窟中的一座菩萨像。须弥山石窟在唐代有大规模开凿</figcaption></figure> <p>隋文帝开皇元年(581年)改宁夏北部的临河郡为新昌郡。大业三年(607年)改灵州设置灵武郡,将原新昌郡和普乐郡废去,下设回乐县、弘静县、怀远县、灵武县、鸣沙县、丰安县,管理宁夏中部和北部。 </p><p>隋文帝开皇三年(583年)废平高郡,复设原州(今宁夏固原),下辖平高郡、长城郡,管理宁夏中南部和甘肃东南部。 </p><p>从581年起,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="隋文帝">隋文帝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E7%82%80%E5%B8%9D" title="隋炀帝">隋炀帝</a>在今<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E5%8C%97" title="陕北">陕北</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>6次下令修筑长城以防卫<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5" class="mw-disambig" title="突厥">突厥</a>,现存隋长城长度的90%处于现宁夏境内。前后动用了128万人,607年在筑长城的过程中10天内就死了近60万人<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>611年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%AB%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%98" title="隋末民变">隋末民变</a>爆发,隋朝以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B7%9E" title="夏州">夏</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵</a>州(今陕北和宁夏)一线为北方边界,而<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97" title="河套">河套</a>(今属内蒙)则被突厥占据<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>唐属<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>管辖。经过<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%81%93%E5%AE%97" title="李道宗">李道宗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%BB%81%E6%84%BF" title="张仁愿">张仁愿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%85%83%E6%8C%AF" title="郭元振">郭元振</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%99%99" title="王晙">王晙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BF%A0%E5%97%A3" title="王忠嗣">王忠嗣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E4%BB%AA" title="郭子仪">郭子仪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%89%E5%BC%BC" title="李光弼">李光弼</a>等数代<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>的治理,因战乱荒废的宁夏灌溉设施被疏通开浚,新开<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%BE%95%E6%B8%A0" title="唐徕渠">唐徕渠</a>,使宁夏地区成为唐王朝的重要的军粮供应产地<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。唐太宗<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E4%B8%96%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="李世民">李世民</a>于贞观二十年(646年)巡幸<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>,令建廨舍(即“屯田办事机构”),开置屯田。<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%88%99%E5%A4%A9" title="武则天">武则天</a>天授年间(690~692年)<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%84%E5%B8%88%E5%BE%B7" title="娄师德">娄师德</a>督理屯田,“(娄师德)往还灵、夏,检验屯田,收率既多,京坻遽积”,因屯田有功,被擢升为宰相。朔方节度使屯田占二百四十七屯,由隶属军队的“军置营田使”、“军置营田副使”和地方“道置屯田使”、“屯田使”管理<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。朔方军军屯总数约唐朝总军屯数的4分之一,是唐朝最富庶的军镇之一。 </p><p>武则天万岁通天初年(696年),建<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E5%AE%89%E5%86%9B" title="丰安军">丰安军</a>城(今宁夏中宁石空镇);唐玄宗先天元年(712年),朔方军大总管郭元振筑<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E8%BF%9C%E5%86%9B" title="定远军">定远军</a>城(今宁夏平罗姚伏镇),以防卫敌寇。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="朔方軍">朔方军</a>领兵6.4万,南与关中平原接壤,北尽唐帝国之北部边界,负责唐帝国北部、西北部的军事,一度管辖7军府、25州之地和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8C%97%E9%83%BD%E6%8A%A4%E5%BA%9C" title="安北都护府">安北都护府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%BA%8E%E9%83%BD%E6%8A%A4%E5%BA%9C" title="单于都护府">单于都护府</a>,一度是唐朝面积最大的军镇。天宝十四载(755年)十二月,唐朝朔方节度使郭子仪发动<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E4%BB%AA%E5%87%BB%E5%8F%9B%E5%86%9B%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="郭子仪击叛军之战">郭子仪击叛军之战</a>,是唐朝军队获得的首次大胜利。天宝十五载(756),唐玄宗入蜀。7月,太子<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E4%BA%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="李亨">李亨</a>北出<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%97%9C" title="蕭關">萧关</a>,在宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>登基为唐肃宗,改元至德。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="朔方軍">朔方军</a>是拥立唐肃宗和平定安史之乱的重要力量,所谓“朔方天下劲兵,灵州用武之处“。至德二载(757年)夏、秋,经<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%94%B6%E5%A4%8D%E4%B8%A4%E4%BA%AC%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="唐收复两京之战">唐收复两京之战</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="朔方軍">朔方军</a>为主力的联军收复唐两京<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89" title="长安">长安</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="洛阳">洛阳</a>。 </p><p>唐后期,将朔方军分割为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>(即<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E7%9B%90%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="灵盐节度使">灵盐节度使</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AF%E6%AD%A6%E5%86%9B" title="振武军">振武军</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E7%B6%8F%E7%AF%80%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="夏綏節度使">夏绥</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E9%9A%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="定难军">定难军</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E7%BF%94%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="凤翔节度使">凤翔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A0%E5%AE%81%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="邠宁节度使">邠宁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E5%8E%9F%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="泾原节度使">泾原</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%BE%B7%E5%86%9B" title="天德军">天德军</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%9C%E5%9D%8A%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="鄜坊节度使">鄜坊</a>等8个较小的节度使,称为<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%AC%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%85%AB%E9%95%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="京西北八镇(页面不存在)">京西北八镇</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,引发了五代西北地区的割据。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E9%9A%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="定难军">定难军</a>节度使后来成为西夏。 </p><p>唐晚期,吐蕃蚕食占据宁夏中部、南部,占据<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="原州">原州</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="北宋、西夏时期"><span id=".E5.8C.97.E5.AE.8B.E3.80.81.E8.A5.BF.E5.A4.8F.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>北宋、西夏时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:北宋、西夏时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%BB%85%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="蒙古滅西夏之戰">蒙古灭西夏之战</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png/220px-%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png/330px-%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png/440px-%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B%E7%96%86%E5%9F%9F%E5%9B%BE%EF%BC%88%E7%AE%80%EF%BC%89.png 2x" data-file-width="1118" data-file-height="1009" /></a><figcaption>公元1111年,北宋、辽、西夏三国并立疆域图</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png/220px-Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png/330px-Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png/440px-Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia.png 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption>蒙古灭西夏之战示意图</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg/220px-Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg/330px-Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg/440px-Folio_from_the_Auspicious_Tantra_of_All-Reaching_Union.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1314" data-file-height="975" /></a><figcaption>西夏文《吉祥遍至口和本续》,1990年出土于宁夏贺兰山拜寺口方塔。目前世界上发现的最早的木活字印刷品,印刷时间不晚于12世纪下半叶</figcaption></figure> <p>党项族原居青藏高原东北,为了躲避唐中后期日渐强大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E8%95%83" title="吐蕃">吐蕃</a>,几经辗转迁到陕西北部、内蒙古鄂尔多斯一带。唐僖宗时,党项部首领<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%81%AD" title="李思恭">李思恭</a>被朝廷封为<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E9%9A%BE%E5%86%9B%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="定难军节度使">定难军节度使</a>,赐姓李,封“夏国公”。 </p><p>982年(北宋太平兴国七年),李继捧迫入<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="开封">开封</a>,并向北宋交祖先故地。李继迁率部叛宋。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%97" title="宋真宗">宋真宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%B8%E5%B9%B3" title="咸平">咸平</a>初年,李继迁先后攻占怀远(今宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a>东)等河西三镇。咸平五年(1002年)3月,李继迁破<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>,改灵州名为<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B9%B3%E5%BA%9C" title="西平府">西平府</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。灵州自唐朝便是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E8%8A%82%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%BF" title="朔方节度使">朔方节度使</a>驻地,处于宁夏平原的腹地,李继迁将党项族统治中心迁至宁夏地区。<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>李继迁之子李德明,前期采用“依辽附宋”的方略。宋朝封李德明“西平王”,后又封夏国公。岁赐银、绢、钱、茶,并允许在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%89%E5%86%9B" title="保安军">保安军</a>设立<a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%B7%E5%A0%B4" title="榷場">榷场</a>。李德明西向进兵,陆续占领<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" title="河西走廊">河西走廊</a>。天禧四年(1020年),李德明派遣大臣<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BA%E6%89%BF%E7%8F%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="贺承珍(页面不存在)">贺承珍</a>营造城阙宫殿,迁都于<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="兴州">兴州</a>(今银川)。他对外仍向宋、辽称臣。数年间,西攻吐蕃、回鹘,夺取<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%87%89%E5%BA%9C" title="西凉府">西凉府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="甘州">甘州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="瓜州">瓜州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="沙州">沙州</a>等地。其势力范围扩展至<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E9%97%A8%E5%85%B3" title="玉门关">玉门关</a>及整个<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" title="河西走廊">河西走廊</a>。 </p><p>公元1038年,党项族首领<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%83%E6%98%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="李元昊">李元昊</a>,以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>为中心,建立大夏国,史称<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>。定都<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%BA%86%E5%BA%9C" title="兴庆府">兴庆府</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a>市)。他首先弃李姓,自称嵬名氏,改宋明道年号为显道,并开始使用西夏自己的年号。在其后几年内他建宫殿,立文武班,规定官民服饰,定兵制,立军名,创造西夏文,并颁布<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BF%E9%AB%AE%E4%BB%A4" title="禿髮令">秃发令</a>。并派大军战胜吐蕃完全占领<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" title="河西走廊">河西走廊</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B3%E6%B9%9F%E8%B0%B7%E5%9C%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="河湟谷地(页面不存在)">河湟谷地</a>。这样,元昊已拥有夏、银、绥、宥、静、灵、会、胜、甘、凉、瓜、沙、肃数州之地,即宁夏北部,甘肃大部,陕西北部、青海东部以及内蒙古西部地区。国土“东尽黄河,西界玉门,南接萧关,北抵大漠”,“方二万余里”,形成了和宋、辽、金政权三足鼎立的局面<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>西夏先后在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%A4%8F%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="宋夏战争">宋夏战争</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E5%A4%8F%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="遼夏戰爭">辽夏战争</a>中获胜,形成三国鼎立的局面。夏毅宗到崇宗时期,大权掌握在梁氏母党手中。西夏因为皇党与母党的对峙而内乱。金朝崛起后,西夏改臣服金朝。西夏天盛年间出现盛世,史称<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%87%E4%BB%81%E4%B9%8B%E6%B2%BB" title="崇仁之治">崇仁之治</a>。 </p><p>1206年,<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古帝國">蒙古帝國</a>正式成立,发动第一次对西夏的战争。1207年成吉思汗發動第二次征夏戰,進攻<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%A1%E7%BE%85%E5%AD%A9%E5%9F%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="斡羅孩城(页面不存在)">斡羅孩城</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="内蒙古">内蒙古</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" class="mw-disambig" title="乌拉特">乌拉特</a>中后旗西境),但因西夏軍隊的抗擊而以失敗告終。蒙古第三次征夏,夏襄宗向<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%9C%9D" title="金朝">金朝</a>皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E9%A2%9C%E6%B0%B8%E6%B5%8E" title="完颜永济">完颜永济</a>求救,但完颜永济不理之,更以盟國為蒙古所攻擊為為樂而拒絕幫助。襄宗給予蒙古大量賠款及接受蒙古「附蒙伐金」的條件,蒙古才接納其求和。<sup id="cite_ref-西夏後期歷史_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-西夏後期歷史-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>1217年,因為西夏拒絕協助<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%90%89%E6%80%9D%E6%B1%97" title="成吉思汗">成吉思汗</a>西征<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%89%8C%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1" title="花剌子模">花剌子模</a>,成吉思汗发动第四次征夏战。1224年,蒙古的大將<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9B%E9%B2%81" title="孛鲁">孛魯</a>自東西攻擊西夏,攻占<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="银州">銀州</a>。1225年,成吉思汗西征歸來後便立刻入侵西夏沙洲,西夏名将籍辣思义守城,成吉思汗围困沙洲半年没有攻下。1226年冬,西夏大将嵬名令公帶領援軍協助抗敵,两军在黄河冰面和两岸滩涂展开大战,但最後仍然失敗,嵬名令公戰敗身亡其7岁幼子因拒不投降也被屠杀<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1227年(保义二年),末帝<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%9D%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="李睍">李睍</a>出城投降,西夏正式宣告滅亡。蒙古兵大肆破坏西夏王陵,将地面建筑全部毁灭,石碑砸碎,并大规模盗掘了<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E9%99%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="西夏陵">西夏陵</a>。长达22年的蒙古灭西夏之战结束。1227年10月,随蒙古军迁徙的西夏末帝及其随从按照成吉思汗遗命于萨里川被<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%96%E9%9B%B7" title="拖雷">拖雷</a>斩杀。西夏历经十帝,享国一百八十九年。 </p><p>经历多年战乱,宁夏北部人口大幅下降,约不到20万。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="元时期"><span id=".E5.85.83.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>元时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:元时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>元初在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>故地置<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" title="西夏中興行省">西夏中兴行省</a>(又称宁夏行省,取「<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">夏</a>地安宁」意得省名,始有“宁夏”地名),以西夏故都为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="中興府">中兴府</a>,改<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="宁夏路">宁夏路</a>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" title="西夏中興行省">西夏中兴行省</a>管辖范围包括现在的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>全境、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83" class="mw-redirect" title="甘肃">甘肃</a>中东部、内蒙古河套地区、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="青海">青海</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="西宁">西宁</a>所在的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B9%9F%E6%B0%B4%E8%B0%B7%E5%9C%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="湟水谷地(页面不存在)">湟水谷地</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%A3%E6%B2%99%E5%B7%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="鸣沙州(页面不存在)">鸣沙州</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%94%E7%90%86%E5%B7%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="应理州(页面不存在)">应理州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%B9%E5%B7%9E" title="山丹州">山丹州</a>(行省直隶)、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%81%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="西宁州">西宁州</a>(吐番青唐城,至元二十三年,置西宁州等处拘榷课程所)、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%80%E5%89%8C%E6%B5%B7%E8%B7%AF" title="兀剌海路">兀剌海路</a>等地<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>元至元元年(1264年),科学家<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%88%E6%95%AC" title="郭守敬">郭守敬</a>与<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%94%86%E8%84%B1%E9%A2%9C%E5%89%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="唆脱颜前(页面不存在)">唆脱颜前</a>在宁夏视察河渠水道,负责修复<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>附近因长期战乱而破坏淤塞的渠道。<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%88%E6%95%AC" title="郭守敬">郭守敬</a>提出建滚水坝以减弱水势,在渠道引水处筑堰以提高水位,建渠首进水闸以保证渠道有充足水量,建退水闸以调节流量等技术方案,为水利工程之创新,共修复疏浚兴、灵、应理、鸣沙等四州主干渠12条、支渠68条,使<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>9万余顷土地恢复了灌溉。这次修复的沿河渠道坝闸,设计精细,品質坚固,直到明代中期还在继续使用<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>至元二十四年(1287年)将西夏中兴行省并入<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%85%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="甘肅行省">甘肃行省</a>,于宁夏设<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BA%9C%E8%B7%AF" title="宁夏府路">宁夏府路</a>,<b>宁夏</b>由此得名,沿用至今。<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="明清时期"><span id=".E6.98.8E.E6.B8.85.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>明清时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:明清时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg/220px-Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg/330px-Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg/440px-Ming_Dynasty_Administrative_division.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3348" data-file-height="2542" /></a><figcaption>明朝省份圖</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="明朝"><span id=".E6.98.8E.E6.9C.9D"></span>明朝</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:明朝"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>明设<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8D%AB" title="宁夏卫">宁夏卫</a>,属<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%BD%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E4%BD%BF%E5%8F%B8" title="陕西都指挥使司">陕西都指挥使司</a>。宁夏在明朝长城沿线的军事防御系统中十分重要,明朝在宁夏的边防线与如今宁夏回族自治区北部省界重合。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%95%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏镇(页面不存在)">宁夏镇</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%95%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="固原镇(页面不存在)">固原镇</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E8%BE%B9" title="九边">九边</a>重镇。 </p><p>明朝西北部设立延绥、宁夏、甘肃三边,由于战线漫长,无法相互顾及协同作战,于弘治十年设立“总督陕西三边军务”,简称三边总督,“总督陕西、甘肃、延绥、宁夏军务”,节制调度三边的兵马协同作战。嘉靖四年起,三边总督成为定设,初称提督军务。嘉靖七年改为三边总制。十九年避讳“制”字,改为三边总督,在固原开府,防秋时期驻宁夏<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E9%A9%AC%E6%B1%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="花马池(页面不存在)">花马池</a>。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GreatWallChina4.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GreatWallChina4.png/220px-GreatWallChina4.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GreatWallChina4.png/330px-GreatWallChina4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/GreatWallChina4.png/440px-GreatWallChina4.png 2x" data-file-width="934" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>明代长城。宁夏的明长城可分为河东边墙、河西边墙和内边长城三部分</figcaption></figure> <p>宁夏镇建于建文四年八月,是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E8%BE%B9" title="九边">九边</a>重镇第二个建立的军镇。镇守宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E5%85%B5%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="总兵官">总兵官</a>一人,旧设,驻镇城。协守副总兵一人,(亦旧设,同驻镇城。)分守参将四人,(曰东路右参将,曰西路左参将,曰<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>左参将,曰北路平虏城参将。)游击将军三人,入卫游击一人,(万历八年革)守备三人,备御领班二人,(万历九年革,坐营中军官二人,管理镇城都司一人,领班都司二人)(万历九年革)管理<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%B1%AF%E7%94%B0%E9%83%BD%E5%8F%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="水利屯田都司(页面不存在)">水利屯田都司</a>一人 <sup id="cite_ref-#1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>固原镇镇守陕西总兵官一人,旧驻会城,后移驻固原。分守副总兵一人,(洮泯副总兵,万历六年改设,驻洮州。)分守参将五人,(曰河州参将,曰兰州参将,曰靖虏参将,曰陕西参将,曰阶文西固参将。)游击将军四人,坐营中军官二人,守备八人<sup id="cite_ref-#1_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="清朝"><span id=".E6.B8.85.E6.9C.9D"></span>清朝&#160;</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:清朝 "><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%97%A9%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="三藩之乱">三藩之乱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E8%89%AF%E6%A0%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="赵良栋">赵良栋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E7%94%98%E5%9B%9E%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="陕甘回变">陕甘回变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%AE%97%E6%A3%A0%E6%94%B6%E5%A4%8D%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86" title="左宗棠收复新疆">左宗棠收复新疆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="庚子事变">庚子事变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E7%A6%8F%E7%A5%A5" title="董福祥">董福祥</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%86%9B" title="甘军">甘军</a></div> <p>宁夏在清朝属<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%85%E7%9C%81_(%E6%B8%85)" class="mw-redirect" title="甘肅省 (清)">甘肃省</a>宁夏府、固原州。固原州驻扎<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%9D%E8%A5%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%9D%A3" title="陝西提督">陕西提督</a>。 </p><p>1674年(康熙十三年),陕西提督<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%BE%85%E8%87%A3" title="王辅臣">王辅臣</a>反叛响应<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%97%A9%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="三藩之乱">三藩之乱</a>,引发宁夏兵变,被<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E8%89%AF%E6%A0%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="赵良栋">赵良栋</a>平定。随着<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="清朝统一战争">清朝统一战争</a>的结束,宁夏成为内陆地区,农业生产和人口迅速恢复。 </p><p>清康熙十五年(公元1676年),清廷从黑龙江派八旗兵驻防宁夏,在宁夏府城临时驻守。清雍正(1723~1735年)之初,满洲八旗骑兵5000人奉命来宁夏府城外东北5里处(今银川兴庆区满春乡)筑城戍守,名为宁夏旧满城。乾隆三年,宁夏发生剧烈地震,旧满城被毁,乾隆四年,清廷在今银川新城重建满城。满营官兵及其家属、工匠共约12000余人,均住满营城中。由<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%87%E8%BB%8D" title="寧夏將軍">宁夏将军</a>一名(从一品)、副都统两名管理。 </p><p>康熙到雍正三朝,宁夏府水利同知<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%85%A8%E8%87%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王全臣(页面不存在)">王全臣</a>、兵部侍郎<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%99%BA" title="通智">通智</a>、宁夏府知府<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%BD%E5%BB%B7%E5%BD%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="纽廷彩(页面不存在)">纽廷彩</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="银川平原">银川平原</a>维修的旧渠有6条,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%AE%81%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="卫宁平原">卫宁平原</a>维修的旧渠有11条。银川平原新修3条渠道,卫宁平原新修5条渠道。嘉庆十七年,宁夏平原人口达到139.2万。 </p><p>清朝前中期,宁夏地区习武之风发达,“兵不骄,民不诈,士气彬雅而耻竞讼。重耕牧,尚质朴,信然诺,有古道存焉<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>”,名将频出。大多出身汉族行伍世家,如宁夏府的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%96%E9%BE%99" title="马世龙">马世龙</a>家族、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E8%89%AF%E6%A0%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="赵良栋">赵良栋</a>家族等,自明朝末年起数代为将;青铜峡附近的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%AD%A6%E8%90%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="广武营(页面不存在)">广武营</a>仅为一座百余户的小型堡寨,出了4位<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E7%9D%A3" title="提督">提督</a>。清朝甘肃省出了三名武状元,一名榜眼,四名探花。其中三名<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%8B%80%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="武狀元">武状元</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E6%96%87%E7%84%95" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="张文焕">张文焕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%AF" title="马会伯">马会伯</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E5%A6%82%E6%9F%8F_(%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="李如柏 (清朝)(页面不存在)">李如柏</a>都出自宁夏,另有三名榜眼及探花。 </p><p>同治元年(1862年)哲合忍耶教门<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%8C%96%E9%BE%8D" title="馬化龍">马化龙</a>举兵于宁夏金积堡(今属宁夏吴忠市西南),杀宁夏道台侯云登、知府吕际韶、知县赵长庚,破坏寺庙平、道观、书院。1863年十月,马化龙攻灵州城(今宁夏灵武),“屠戮二万余人”,灵州知府、县令全部被灭门。1869年九月,馬化龍的回軍在<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">靈州</a>再次屠殺漢民十餘萬人,而漢民的財產及婦女被回軍據為己有,州府衙门、汉族祠堂、书院、佛寺、道观全部被毁。<sup id="cite_ref-ref01-112_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref01-112-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>同治十年(1871年),陕甘回乱在宁夏地区被左宗棠、李鸿章、刘锦棠平定。同治陕甘回乱(1862年-1873年)造成了宁夏人口锐减、田地荒芜。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg/220px-Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg/330px-Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Ma_Jia_Jun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="356" /></a><figcaption>民国时期的马家军骑兵</figcaption></figure> <p>清朝末年,宁夏固原汉族将领<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E7%A6%8F%E7%A5%A5" title="董福祥">董福祥</a>创立<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E5%86%9B" title="甘军">甘军</a>,与<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E4%B8%96%E5%87%AF" title="袁世凯">袁世凯</a>所部新建陆军、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%82%E5%A3%AB%E6%88%90" title="聂士成">聂士成</a>所部武毅军并称“北洋三军”。参与平定<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E7%94%98%E5%9B%9E%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="陕甘回变">陕甘回变</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E5%AE%97%E6%A3%A0%E6%94%B6%E5%A4%8D%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86" title="左宗棠收复新疆">左宗棠收复新疆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="庚子事变">庚子事变</a>等重要事件,深刻影响了西北局势。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%AE%B6%E5%86%9B" title="马家军">马家军</a>的各个派系(“甘马”、“青马”、“宁马”三支)都源于董福祥的甘军。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="民国时期"><span id=".E6.B0.91.E5.9B.BD.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>民国时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:民国时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="辛亥宁夏起义"><span id=".E8.BE.9B.E4.BA.A5.E5.AE.81.E5.A4.8F.E8.B5.B7.E4.B9.89"></span>辛亥宁夏起义</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:辛亥宁夏起义"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1911年10月10日武昌<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">辛亥革命</a>首义后,10月22日,西安光复。陕西革命军政府民军都督<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E4%BA%91%E5%B1%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="张云山(页面不存在)">张云山</a>传帖敦促宁夏革命党人和哥老会组织起义,陕西革命军作为策应。11月9日,宁夏县知县陈元骧下令昼夜巡查,搜捕革命党人与哥老会众。11月9日,与此同时<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E7%94%98%E6%80%BB%E7%9D%A3" title="陕甘总督">陕甘总督</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="长庚">长庚</a>、陕西巡抚<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E5%85%81" title="升允">升允</a>,当即抽调西军帮统<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%BA%92" title="马麒">马麒</a>所部马步七营,前往宁夏剿办起义军。11月15日晚以巡防续补五营为主力,革命党在银川、灵州、平罗、中卫各地同时起义。11月16日,哥老会在银川暴动,驻宁清军标营千总李敬忠率队镇压,会众溃散。17日,革命党<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E7%99%BB%E4%BA%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="高登云(页面不存在)">高登云</a>率部攻克灵武城,成为当时甘肃省境内第一个光复革命的县,宁夏起义军军心大振,11月19日夜再次发动起义,兵分7路成功攻克宁夏府城<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>11月23日,孙廷寿、吕锡有等人筹组宁夏临时革命政府。随后,宁夏革命军政府在原府城道台衙门前宣告成立,推举原宁夏道台孙廷寿为大元帅(未到任),刘先质为宁夏革命起义军督指挥,刘华堂为副指挥,革命军下设5标(相当于团)及四路防军。同时颁布《新政大纲》和《临时政纲》,以此布告安民,宣传民主革命之意。为巩固胜利果实,宁夏军政府立即照会山西和陕西军政府大都督阎锡山、张凤翔,希冀“嗣后相助,以利军事”。 </p><p>12月中旬马麒部进抵青铜峡<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%BF%E6%AD%A6%E8%90%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="广武营(页面不存在)">广武营</a>,并于17日攻占广武,夺取<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="青铜峡">青铜峡</a>黄河峡口,19日与满营清军会合,三面包围宁夏府城。清军屡次强攻不克宁夏府城后,策反原清军管带牟宪章等人,城门洞开,遂克银川。随后清军攻克周围堡寨,起义军溃散。12月20日清军直扑灵州,灵州虽城池高大但此时已成孤城,被迫之下起义军议和勿伤百姓,高登云率部撤离灵州,而清军入城后却不守信用,杀害民众3,000多人<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>民国元年(1912年)1月,改宁夏府为宁夏道。1912年2月22日,清帝退位,甘肃通电承认共和,马麒向升允提出停战言和要求,西军由<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BA%9C" title="宁夏府">宁夏府</a>撤回<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="兰州">兰州</a>。 </p><p>民国元年(1912年)5月,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A6%8F%E7%A5%A5" title="馬福祥">马福祥</a>被<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B4%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="北洋政府">北洋政府</a>任命为宁夏镇总兵,其部队被称为“昭武军”。1913年7月,马福祥在黄河上的大船上诱捕了后套地区<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%BA%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%8E%9B" title="旺丹尼玛">旺丹尼玛</a>,得到<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E4%B8%96%E5%87%AF" title="袁世凯">袁世凯</a>赏识,特改任马为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%8A%A4%E5%86%9B%E4%BD%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏护军使(页面不存在)">宁夏护军使</a>,驻宁夏府,统领宁夏全境,节制蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉善旗">阿拉善旗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%AE%A1%E6%97%97" title="乌审旗">乌审旗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%97%97" title="鄂托克旗">鄂托克旗</a>三旗。 </p><p>民国二年(1913年),改<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%81%93" title="宁夏道">宁夏道</a>名为朔方道,治宁夏府城,领宁夏县、宁朔县、中卫县、平罗县、灵武县、金积县、盐池县、镇戎县共8县。 </p><p>1920年12月16日,发生<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87" title="海原大地震">海原大地震</a>,为里氏8.5级特大地震,该地震释放的能量相当于11.2个唐山大地震,造成宁夏、甘肃、陕西、山西等地71个县共234117人口死亡<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。其中,宁夏境内死亡人数共计147,271人<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1921年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E5%AE%BE" title="马鸿宾">马鸿宾</a>任宁夏镇守使。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="甘宁分省"><span id=".E7.94.98.E5.AE.81.E5.88.86.E7.9C.81"></span>甘宁分省</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:甘宁分省"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:105px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_(disputed_territories)_Ningsia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg/136px-Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="136" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg/204px-Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg/272px-Republic_of_China_edcp_location_map_%28disputed_territories%29_Ningsia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">中華民國時期的寧夏省</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:105px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg/148px-%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg/222px-%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg/296px-%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%A4%BE1936%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8A%E8%A2%96%E7%8F%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B--26%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2152" data-file-height="1540" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">亞新地學社1936年《袖珍中華全圖》的寧夏省地圖</div></div></div></div></div> <p>1925年3月,甘肃督军<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E6%B4%AA%E6%B6%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="陆洪涛">陆洪涛</a>瘫痪引发甘肃局势混乱,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%B5%E7%A5%BA%E7%91%9E" title="段祺瑞">段祺瑞</a>任命<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E7%8E%89%E7%A5%A5" title="冯玉祥">冯玉祥</a>为西北边防督办兼甘肃督办。1925年9月,冯玉祥所部的国民军,从<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="包头">包头</a>出发经<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>向<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83" class="mw-redirect" title="甘肃">甘肃</a>进军。国民军入甘,开始酝酿<b>甘宁分省</b>。 </p><p>民国十七年(1928年)10月17日,民国中央政府决议将宁夏道(即朔方道)旧属八县(即宁夏县、宁朔县、平罗县、中卫县、灵武县、金积县、盐池县和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%BF%9C%E5%8E%BF" title="平远县">平远县</a>)和宁夏护军使辖地(即阿拉善厄鲁特旗和额济纳土尔扈特旗,今内蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E7%9B%9F" title="阿拉善盟">阿拉善盟</a>阿拉善旗、额济纳旗)合并建为<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華人民共和國)">宁夏省</a>。从<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%85%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="甘肅省 (中華民國)">甘肅省</a>析置<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華民國)">寧夏省</a>,使宁夏成为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期">中華民國大陸時期</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%8C%97" title="塞北">塞北四省</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B2%B3%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="熱河省 (中華民國)">熱河省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="察哈爾省 (中華民國)">察哈爾省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%8F%E9%81%A0%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="綏遠省 (中華民國)">綏遠省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華民國)">寧夏省</a>)之一。民国十八年(1929年)1月,将阿拉善东部的磴口划置<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B4%E5%8F%A3%E5%8E%BF" title="磴口县">磴口县</a>。 </p><p>1929年4月13日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%BB%B2%E8%8B%B1" title="马仲英">马仲英</a>率部由阿拉善越<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>进攻银川,洗劫银川,宁夏省政府主席门致中毫无防备,逃往中卫。随后<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%BB%B2%E8%8B%B1" title="马仲英">马仲英</a>北攻平罗、石嘴山,遭驻防的骑兵师苏雨生部顽强抵抗,不能攻破。<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%B8%BF%E6%98%8C" title="吉鸿昌">吉鸿昌</a>奉冯玉祥之命,率33师由凉州抵达中卫,冯玉祥命<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%B8%BF%E6%98%8C" title="吉鸿昌">吉鸿昌</a>3日内收复宁夏。吉鸿昌身先士卒,率军军激战数日,击败了马仲英的骑兵部队,收复宁夏。 </p><p>为稳定形势,7月24日,<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E7%8E%89%E7%A5%A5" title="冯玉祥">冯玉祥</a>委任吉鸿昌为第10军军长兼宁夏省主席。吉鸿昌任宁夏省主席期间整饬了军队和吏治,兴修水利,开办报纸,致力于汉回团结,提出了“开发大西北”的口号。1930年4月,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="中原大战">中原大战</a>爆发,吉鸿昌奉命率部离开宁夏,出潼关参战。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JiHongChang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/JiHongChang.jpg/180px-JiHongChang.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/JiHongChang.jpg/270px-JiHongChang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/JiHongChang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption>照片上方为吉鸿昌1929年任宁夏省主席期间的题字:“公正纯洁,为做事而做官,训练民众,使知五权运用,政治注重下层,工作适合一般民众需要。”落款为“己巳夏,主席吉鸿昌”</figcaption></figure> <p>1931年,兰州<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%98" title="雷马事变">雷马事变</a>爆发,甘肃省主席马鸿宾被囚,后在各方斡和之下返回宁夏。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="马家军统治"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E5.AE.B6.E5.86.9B.E7.BB.9F.E6.B2.BB"></span>马家军统治</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:马家军统治"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1932年8月,蒋介石委任<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>为宁夏省主席。<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E5%AE%BE" title="马鸿宾">马鸿宾</a>共同驻扎宁夏,产生矛盾。民国二十二年(1933年)9月,划中卫县东部为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" title="中宁县">中宁县</a>,民国三十年(1941年)4月1日,划宁夏、宁朔两县为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" title="永宁县">永宁县</a>,平罗县北增为<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%86%9C%E5%8E%BF" title="惠农县">惠农县</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E4%B9%90%E5%8E%BF" title="陶乐县">陶乐县</a>,并将宁夏县改名为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%BF" title="贺兰县">贺兰县</a>。 </p><p>1934年1月,爆发“<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%92%E5%AD%99%E4%B9%8B%E5%BD%B9" title="四马拒孙之役">四马拒孙之役</a>”,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E5%AE%BE" title="马鸿宾">马鸿宾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%A5%E8%8A%B3" title="马步芳">马步芳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%A5%E9%9D%92" title="马步青">马步青</a>率领的马家军联军瓦解<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E6%AE%BF%E8%8B%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="孙殿英">孙殿英</a>率领的第四十一军。1934年3月,孙殿英战败,所属部队大部分被马家军和晋绥军收编。战役导致宁夏当地经济和百姓生活遭到严重毁坏,灾民达45万人。 </p><p>民国三十三年(1944年)4月,增设<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a>。此时宁夏领二旗九县:<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉善旗">阿拉善旗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9D%E6%B5%8E%E7%BA%B3%E6%97%97" title="额济纳旗">额济纳旗</a>;宁夏县、宁朔县、平罗县、中卫县、灵武县、金积县、盐池县、镇戎县(后改为预旺县、再改为同心县)、磴口县。增设香山、居延、紫湖三个<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BE%E6%B2%BB%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="设治局">设治局</a>。民国三十六年(1947年),宁夏地方政府置银川市。此后,直到解放前夕,全区共增设达13县,1市、3设治局。 </p><p>民国三十八年(1949年)9月23日,解放軍攻佔宁夏全境。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華人民共和国时期"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9B.BD.E6.97.B6.E6.9C.9F"></span>中華人民共和国时期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:中華人民共和国时期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg/200px-PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg/300px-PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg/400px-PLA_entering_Yinchuan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>解放軍進入銀川</figcaption></figure> <p>1952年2月,中央军事委员会主席毛泽东发布主席令,批准中国人民解放军西北军区独立一师转为中国人民解放军农业建设第一师,剿匪以及开垦贺兰山的荒滩。1950年11月,从十九兵团调入政治干部400名,与陕北独立一师二团1,200名官兵汇编,又从宁夏地方保安部队(县中队)吸收了200多名新兵,合编为中国人民解放军西北独立一师,下辖三个团,共计6,007名官兵。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/200px-%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/300px-%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/400px-%E5%BB%BA%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%8E%E9%9B%99%E5%AD%90%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%A8%93_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2232" /></a><figcaption>2011年<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="銀川">銀川</a>建設中的大樓</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CamelsinTengger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/CamelsinTengger.jpg/200px-CamelsinTengger.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/CamelsinTengger.jpg/300px-CamelsinTengger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/CamelsinTengger.jpg/400px-CamelsinTengger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>駱駝探險的觀光業</figcaption></figure> <p>1954年<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華人民共和國)">宁夏省</a>撤销,北部的「<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E9%9C%8D%E7%A2%A9%E7%89%B9%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E6%97%97" title="阿拉善霍碩特特別旗">阿拉善霍硕特特别旗</a>」與「<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8D%E6%BF%9F%E7%B4%8D%E8%88%8A%E5%9C%9F%E7%88%BE%E6%89%88%E7%89%B9%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E6%97%97" title="額濟納舊土爾扈特特別旗">額濟納舊土爾扈特特別旗</a>」(即現在的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E7%9B%9F" title="阿拉善盟">阿拉善盟</a>)歸入<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="內蒙古自治區">內蒙古自治區</a>,其余部分并入<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a>,宁夏属县属<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E4%B8%93%E5%8C%BA" title="银川专区">银川专区</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1954年,青铜峡大坝成为中國<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="mw-disambig" title="第一个五年计划">第一個五年計劃</a>的重點建設項目、也是黃河流域有史以来的第二座水利樞紐工程。1955年11月开始组织勘測設計。1956年8月,毕业于<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇聯動力學院(页面不存在)">蘇聯動力學院</a>的水利学家<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E5%AE%97%E5%A0%AF" title="萬宗堯">萬宗堯</a>擔任水電部青銅峽樞紐工程項目設計總工程師。大坝裝機26萬千瓦,投資2.64億元,裝機8台、27.2萬千瓦,年發電量12.85億度。共有军民两万余人参加劳动。河西唐徠渠、河東的秦渠、漢渠均被攔河大壩截斷。1960年2月24日实现截流。1966年完成三期工程混凝土澆築。1967年12月26日开始发电。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlshaaUul.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AlshaaUul.jpg/240px-AlshaaUul.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AlshaaUul.jpg/360px-AlshaaUul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/AlshaaUul.jpg/480px-AlshaaUul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2747" data-file-height="1775" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%80%E8%98%AD%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="賀蘭山">賀蘭山</a>一處觀光瞭望台</figcaption></figure> <p>1958年10月25日宁夏回族自治区成立,<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E4%B8%93%E5%8C%BA" title="银川专区">银川专区</a>撤销,宁夏各县直属自治区。宁夏为中国的五大省级<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">少数民族自治区</a>之一。少数民族回族信仰伊斯兰教。 </p><p>1959年,铁道部建成青銅峽<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E9%93%81%E6%A1%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="黄河铁桥">黃河鐵橋</a>,是寧夏回族自治區境內第一座黃河大橋,此前两岸渡河仅有浮桥及筏渡。 </p><p>1961年10月,建立“贺兰山军马场”,隶属于解放军总后勤部军马部,为中国8个军马场之一,为国家提供军马。 </p><p>1965年起,由于美苏<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="冷战">冷战</a>的威胁,中国开始实施<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%BA%BF%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE" title="三线建设">三线建设</a>,从1965年初开始,由沿海和内地陆续向宁夏整体搬迁或合并创建了一批大中型工业企业,来自沈阳、石家庄、上海、青岛、北京、大连等地的仪表、机械、轴承、稀有金属、橡胶、拖拉机、机床、试验机等工厂和设备先后在宁夏落地,<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="石嘴山">石嘴山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="青铜峡">青铜峡</a>等工业基地优先建设,用于备战。随之迁徙的工程师、工人、技术员等工业移民及其家属也落户宁夏,总计20余万人,形成了<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E4%BA%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="石炭井(页面不存在)">石炭井</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%9D%E7%AE%95%E6%B2%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="汝箕沟(页面不存在)">汝箕沟</a>等小型移民城市<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1965年9月12日,中共中央、国务院以中发(1965)570号文件批复,同意宁夏回族自治区建立农业建设第十三师,采取军垦形式,开垦荒地,建设农场,发展生产。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8B%E4%B9%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="上山下乡">上山下乡</a>期间,先后接收北京知识青年3,806名,其中2,206人分配到一团,1,515人分配到二团,83人分配到三团;天津知识青年1528人,分配到三团;银川知识青年400多人,分配到一团和三团。十三师共有人口17,095名,开垦耕地13.59万亩。 </p><p>1968年8月28日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%B5%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="水电部">水电部</a>黄河青铜峡大坝发生<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="青铜峡事件">青铜峡事件</a>,该事件中由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%94%9F" title="康生">康生</a>支持的群眾組織「大聯籌」试图夺取大坝控制权,中國人民解放軍186團為守護寧夏青銅峽大壩,双方开枪造成军民死伤234人,是西北地区<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%9D%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="文革">文革</a>的一次恶性冲突。 </p><p>1969年爆发<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="中苏边界冲突">中苏边界冲突</a>,中国全面加强中苏、中蒙边界的防御和备战。1969年7月5日,中共中央[1969] 36号文件关于变更内蒙古自治区行政区划的规定,将内蒙古自治区的阿拉善左旗划归宁夏回族自治区。12月,<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E5%86%9B%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="兰州军区">兰州军区</a>会同甘肃省、宁夏回族自治区两方商定,将由内蒙古自治区划归甘肃的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E5%8F%B3%E6%97%97" title="阿拉善右旗">阿拉善右旗</a>所属的5个公社(巴彦诺尔公、阿拉腾敖包、乌力吉、笋布尔和塔木素)划属宁夏<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,由<a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏回族自治区</a>直辖上述地区,并负责四百余公里的国境线的对<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a>防御任务,宁夏面积突然增大约12万平方千米,达17万平方千米。 </p><p>1970年3月10日,经中共中央、国务院批准,原宁夏回族自治区农建笫十三师改编为兰州军区生产建设兵团农建第五师,下辖5个团,加上家属共2万8千余人,主要任务就是"抓革命、促生产、促工作、促战备"。1972年实现全师粮油自给,从1973年开始向国家上缴部分粮食。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg/240px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg/360px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg/480px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%8E%89%E7%9A%87%E9%98%81.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="712" /></a><figcaption>修繕後的玉皇阁</figcaption></figure> <p>1972年~1975年,宁夏文物工作者正式发掘<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E9%99%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="西夏陵">西夏陵</a>,开始相关考古研究工作。 </p><p>1974年6月24日,撤销兰州军区生产建设兵团农建第五师并取消部队番号。 </p><p>1979年7月1日,中共中央、国务院将宁夏回族自治区管辖的阿拉善左旗(连同原属阿拉善右旗的5个公社)从7月1日起划归内蒙古自治区管辖<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1949年至1978年,宁夏经历三次大规模的行政区划划分,其中<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9D%E6%B5%8E%E7%BA%B3%E6%97%97" title="额济纳旗">额济纳旗</a>、阿拉善地區、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B4%E5%8F%A3%E5%8E%BF" title="磴口县">磴口县</a>先后划归<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a>,新增由甘肃省划归的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="固原">固原</a>地区,面积由27万平方公里减少到6.6万平方公里,并失去边境线成为内陆省区。相比1949年中华人民共和国成立前寧夏省的版圖,宁夏回族自治区要小80%的主要原因是<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a>的区域被扩大了。 </p><p>2019年12月29日,宁夏第一辆<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="高铁">高铁</a>C8201次列车从<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%AB%99" title="银川站">银川站</a>出发,结束没有<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="高铁">高铁</a>的历史。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86"></span>地理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:地理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏地理(页面不存在)">宁夏地理</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg/220px-%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg/330px-%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg/440px-%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%BE%8A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>宁夏贺兰山上的国家二级保护动物贺兰山岩羊</figcaption></figure> <p>宁夏位于东經104°17′至107°40′,北纬35°14′至39°22′,面积6.6万平方公里,山地高原占60%多,最高峰苏峪口北海拔3556米,年均气温5-9度,与<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西省</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a>接壤。 </p><p>宁夏地处中国东部季风区、西北干旱区和青藏高原区三大自然区域的交汇地带,黄河干流自南而北穿行于宁夏中北部。这种特殊的地理位置,导致了宁夏自然环境具有显著的过渡性、复杂性和不均衡性的独特面貌。大体上说,宁夏由南向北地势呈阶梯状下降,气温和蒸发量递增,降水量递减。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地形"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.BD.A2"></span>地形</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:地形"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E8%BD%AC%E5%BC%AF_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4218" data-file-height="2740" /></a><figcaption>宁夏沙坡头黄河大转弯。富饶的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BE%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0" title="腾格里沙漠">腾格里沙漠</a>的交界</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%9C%9F%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="黄土高原">黄土高原</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BA" title="西海固">西海固</a></div> <p>宁夏地形地形分为三大板块:北部引黄灌区、中部干旱带、南部山区。 </p><p>宁夏北部引黄灌区位于<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E4%B8%A4%E5%B2%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="黄河两岸(页面不存在)">黄河两岸</a>,又称<b>宁夏川</b>或<b>川区</b>,包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="银川平原">银川平原</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%AE%81%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="卫宁平原">卫宁平原</a>两部分,西靠贺兰山。灌溉农业发达,自6世纪起即有“塞北江南”的美称<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,盛产水稻、小麦、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%9E%B8%E6%9D%9E" title="宁夏枸杞">宁夏枸杞</a>、硒砂瓜、葡萄、甘草,也是中国西北最大的水产养殖基地。 </p><p>中部干旱带干旱少雨,水源缺乏,古称“八百里瀚海”,春秋季常发沙尘暴。畜牧业发达,出产著名的宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A9%E7%BE%8A" title="滩羊">滩羊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%8A" title="中卫山羊">中卫山羊</a>。2002年,宁夏实施草原禁牧封育,生态有明显改善。 </p><p>南部山区,又称<b>西海固地区</b>,面积3.04万平方公里,占宁夏总面积的58.8%<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,地处黄土高原丘陵沟壑地带,山高坡陡,水源不足,水土流失严重,1972年被联合国粮食开发署确定为最不适宜人类生存的地区之一。南部山区境内的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>古称陇山,是中国重要的地理分界,黄土高原上一个“绿色岛屿”,具有重要的水源涵养功能。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>腹地水源充沛,森林覆盖率达80%以上,是渭河与泾河的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%B0%B4%E5%B2%AD" title="分水岭">分水岭</a>,是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E6%B2%B3" title="泾河">泾河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%AB%E8%8A%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="葫芦河">葫芦河</a>等水系的发源地。80年代起进行六盘山退耕还林、封山育林,经过多年退耕还林野猪、金钱豹等野生动物身影再现。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="山脉"><span id=".E5.B1.B1.E8.84.89"></span>山脉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:山脉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="青铜峡">青铜峡</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%9B%E9%A6%96%E5%B1%B1%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%EF%BC%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="牛首山(宁夏)(页面不存在)">牛首山(宁夏)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="罗山">罗山</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E5%B1%B1%E5%B3%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="黑山峡(页面不存在)">黑山峡</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="河流和灌渠"><span id=".E6.B2.B3.E6.B5.81.E5.92.8C.E7.81.8C.E6.B8.A0"></span>河流和灌渠</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:河流和灌渠"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia,_Ningxia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg/220px-Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg/330px-Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg/440px-Temple_of_the_Mother_Goddess_of_the_Yellow_River_in_Qingtongxia%2C_Ningxia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="451" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%B3%BD%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="青銅峽市">青銅峽市</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%A5%BC" title="中华黄河楼">中華黃河楼</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="天然河流"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E7.84.B6.E6.B2.B3.E6.B5.81"></span>天然河流</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:天然河流"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E6%B2%B3" title="泾河">泾河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%AB%E8%8A%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="葫芦河">葫芦河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="苦水河">苦水河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%8E%89%E6%B2%B3" title="祖厉河">祖厉河</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="人工灌渠"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.B7.A5.E7.81.8C.E6.B8.A0"></span>人工灌渠</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:人工灌渠"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BC%95%E9%BB%84%E5%8F%A4%E7%81%8C%E5%8C%BA%E6%B8%A0%E9%81%93" title="Template:宁夏引黄古灌区渠道">Template:宁夏引黄古灌区渠道</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%B8%A0" title="秦渠">秦渠</a>,相传开凿于秦朝。至少从北魏即有记录,古称“北地东渠”、“七级渠”。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%B8%A0" title="汉渠">汉渠</a>,相传开凿于汉朝。北魏《水经注》引《地理志》:“河水别出为河沟,东至富平,北入河。”</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%89%E5%BB%B6%E6%B8%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="汉延渠(页面不存在)">汉延渠</a>,东汉顺帝永建四年(公元129年),由<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9C" title="郭璜">郭璜</a>主持穿凿。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%BE%95%E6%B8%A0" title="唐徕渠">唐徕渠</a>,在西汉<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%A6%84%E6%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="光禄渠">光禄渠</a>基础上唐代<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%88%99%E5%A4%A9" title="武则天">武则天</a>年间继续开凿,全长322公里。灌田90万亩,面积居宁夏平原14条大渠之首。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%B8%A0" title="昊王渠">昊王渠</a>,西夏<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%83%E6%98%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="李元昊">李元昊</a>开凿,元代<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%88%E6%95%AC" title="郭守敬">郭守敬</a>重修。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%88%A9%E6%B8%A0" title="美利渠">美利渠</a>,明嘉靖四十一年(1562年),宁夏巡抚<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%B9%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="毛鹏">毛鹏</a>令中卫文武官兵,带本卫丁夫三千人开凿新口,连接旧渠道,建进退水闸各一座<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E6%B8%85%E6%B8%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="大清渠(页面不存在)">大清渠</a>,清康熙四十八年(1709年)大理寺卿、兵部侍郎<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E6%99%BA" title="通智">通智</a>主持开凿。在今宁夏汉、唐二渠之间。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%86%9C%E6%B8%A0" title="惠农渠">惠农渠</a>,清雍正四年(1726年)凿渠引水,北流三百里,下入西河(今石嘴山惠农区西河桥处)。雍正七年(1729年)工成,共溉田二万余顷。乾隆五年(1740年),又引渠至平罗县市口堡入黄河,与西河别流。计长一百三十余里,溉田四千五百余顷。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E6%B8%A0" class="mw-disambig" title="民生渠">民生渠</a>,民国23年(1934年),<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>主持开凿。渠长75公里,灌溉面积20万亩。原名云亭渠取自宁夏省主席马鸿逵父亲马福祥的字,1949年改为民生渠。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="气候"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏地处黄河水系,地势南高北低,呈阶梯状下降,全区属<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B8%A6" title="温带">温带</a>大陆性干旱、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B9%B2%E6%97%B1%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="半干旱气候">半干旱气候</a>。北部引黄灌区日照充足,蒸发强烈,昼夜温差大,全年日照达3000小时,<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E9%9C%9C%E6%9C%9F" title="无霜期">无霜期</a>150天左右,是中国日照和太阳辐射最充足的地区之一。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="四至"><span id=".E5.9B.9B.E8.87.B3"></span>四至</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="编辑章节:四至"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>宁夏回族自治区四至 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>方位</th> <th>地点</th> <th>坐标 </th></tr> <tr> <td>北</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市">石嘴山市</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%86%9C%E5%8C%BA" title="惠农区">惠农区</a>河滨街道</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;params=39.38170_N_106.74690_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">39°22′54″N</span> <span class="longitude">106°44′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">39.38170°N 106.74690°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">39.38170; 106.74690</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>东</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠市</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E6%B1%A0%E5%8E%BF" title="盐池县">盐池县</a>盐州路街道</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;params=37.84300_N_107.65250_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">37°50′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">107°39′09″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">37.84300°N 107.65250°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.84300; 107.65250</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>南</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市">固原市</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E6%BA%90%E5%8E%BF" title="泾源县">泾源县</a>新民乡</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;params=35.23880_N_106.35920_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">35°14′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">106°21′33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">35.23880°N 106.35920°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">35.23880; 106.35920</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>西</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫市</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%8C%BA" title="沙坡头区">沙坡头区</a>干塘镇</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&amp;pagename=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;params=37.42130_N_104.28420_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">37°25′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">104°17′03″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">37.42130°N 104.28420°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">37.42130; 104.28420</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人口"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3"></span>人口</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="编辑章节:人口"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="宁夏回族自治区民族构成列表">宁夏回族自治区民族构成列表</a></div> <p>2022年末全区常住人口728万人,比上年末增加3万人。 其中城镇常住人口483万人,占常住人口比重(常住人口城镇化率)为66.34%,比上年末提高0.3个百分点。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto; font-size:smaller; text-align:right"> <caption>宁夏回族自治区民族构成(2020年第七次全国人口普查)<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>民族名称 </th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F" title="满族">满族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E6%97%8F" title="苗族">苗族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%97%8F" title="蒙古族">蒙古族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F" title="土家族">土家族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E4%BE%9D%E6%97%8F" title="布依族">布依族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F" title="壮族">壮族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%97%8F" title="藏族">藏族</a></th> <th width="55"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%9D%E6%97%8F" title="彝族">彝族</a></th> <th width="55">其他民族 </th></tr> <tr> <th>人口数 </th> <td>4,612,964</td> <td>2,523,581</td> <td>28,016</td> <td>11,090</td> <td>9,499</td> <td>3,215</td> <td>2,480</td> <td>1,583</td> <td>1,481</td> <td>1,411</td> <td>7,334 </td></tr> <tr> <th>占总人口比例(%) </th> <td>64.05</td> <td>35.04</td> <td>0.39</td> <td>0.15</td> <td>0.13</td> <td>0.04</td> <td>0.03</td> <td>0.02</td> <td>0.02</td> <td>0.02</td> <td>0.10 </td></tr> <tr> <th>占少数民族人口比例(%) </th> <td>-</td> <td>97.45</td> <td>1.08</td> <td>0.43</td> <td>0.37</td> <td>0.12</td> <td>0.10</td> <td>0.06</td> <td>0.06</td> <td>0.05</td> <td>0.28 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>宁夏 2018 年常驻人口为 6,881,123 人,总户数为 2,219,867 户<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。其中,2018 年城镇人口为 4,051,605 人,城镇人口比例为 58.88%<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。在 2018 年,宁夏汉族人口为 4308198人,比重为62.61%<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。最大的少数民族为回族,2018 年有 2,514,913人,占人口的 36.55%<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。其他少数民族在 2018 年占自治区人口的 0.84%<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="民族"><span id=".E6.B0.91.E6.97.8F"></span>民族</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="编辑章节:民族"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tongxin_mosque.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/220px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/330px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Tongxin_mosque.JPG/440px-Tongxin_mosque.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA" title="同心清真大寺">同心清真大寺</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="汉族"><span id=".E6.B1.89.E6.97.8F"></span>汉族</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=27" title="编辑章节:汉族"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏的现在的主体民族是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a>,目前约占宁夏总人口的2/3。 </p><p>2017年发现的彭阳<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B2%B3%E5%A1%AC%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="姚河塬遗址">姚河塬遗址</a>显示,在西周时期,华夏民族已经在宁夏设置封国。秦惠文王十一年(西元前327年)滅烏氏戎後,設烏氏縣(今宁夏固原市南),并在宁夏中南部修筑<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="秦长城">秦长城</a>。秦始皇三十二年(前215年),秦帝国发动<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC%E6%94%BB%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战">秦蒙恬攻匈奴之战</a>,大将<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E6%81%AC" title="蒙恬">蒙恬</a>带领30万大军在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%B1%B1" title="阴山">阴山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>一线击败了匈奴,攻占今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>,号“新秦中”,蒙恬带领士兵在宁夏驻军屯田,增修长城,秦始皇多次迁徙关东人口共数万户于宁夏。 </p><p>汉武帝元狩三年(前120年),迁山东70万户于宁夏,安置地后的衣、食和住房,全部取之国库,并供应农具、种子,以扶持移民进行农业开发和牧马。<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。三国魏正始元年(240年),匈奴休屠部内附魏国,安置于西川县(今宁夏盐池大罗山)。 </p><p>北魏太和初年迁山东历下之民2万户于浑怀障(今银川东北)。<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>北魏太平真君五年(444年),大将<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%81%E9%9B%8D" title="刁雍">刁雍</a>在富平(今吴忠市西南)西南艾山(今青铜峡)开艾山渠,共灌田4万余顷,开渠后3年即可向今内蒙古五原每年运送军粮60万斛<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。建德三年(574年),迁二万户于怀远郡(今银川)。宣政元年(578年)三月,北周大将王轨攻打江南的陈国,俘斩三万余人。北周将三万人安置到灵州境内。这些士兵原籍都在长江流域,“崇礼尚学”。江东士兵带来江南风俗,宁夏从此又号“塞北江南”<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。唐朝将“昭武九姓”安置在宁夏的“六胡州”。<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>西夏时期,宁夏主要人口为汉族、党项族和吐蕃。党项族地位较高。西夏末(公元1227年),成吉思汗亡于宁夏六盘山,蒙古对宁夏地区人口实施了惨烈的屠杀,西夏遗民流亡他处。<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>1268年(至元五年),元世祖忽必烈下诏令西夏时外逃的避难者归还本籍,并设西夏惠民局、西夏营田司、西夏中兴等处新附军万户府等机构收容安置,从湖北等地迁来万余移民到宁夏,宁夏的党项族逐渐融入汉族之中。 </p><p>明朝初年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="洪武大移民">洪武大移民</a>,将部分江南吴、楚地区的人口迁往<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E8%BE%B9" title="九边">九边</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%95%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏镇(页面不存在)">宁夏镇</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E9%95%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="固原镇(页面不存在)">固原镇</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。清朝,移民屯垦造成人口的大量增加,雍正三年,在宁夏府西建<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%97%97%E9%A9%BB%E9%98%B2%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="八旗驻防城">八旗驻防城</a>(满城),驻扎满族士兵近万人。清代<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E5%BA%86" title="嘉庆">嘉庆</a>十七年,宁夏北部人口达139.2万余,是1960年代之前的宁夏人口高峰。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="回族"><span id=".E5.9B.9E.E6.97.8F"></span>回族</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=28" title="编辑章节:回族"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>首要少数民族是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>:约占宁夏总人口的1/3,同时占全国回族人口的1/5。回族通用汉语,不同地区持不同方言。目前回族人口主要分布在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="固原">固原</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠市</a>,占宁夏回族人口的83.2%。寧夏回族的一部分是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>跟随<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古">蒙古</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%AE%E4%BA%BA" title="色目人">色目人</a>的后裔,元朝蒙古人<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="安西王">安西王</a>(安西王府遗址在今宁夏固原原州区开城村)<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%9A%BE%E7%AD%94" title="阿难答">阿难答</a>的推行下,他的十余万<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古">蒙古</a>部下大部分皈依伊斯兰教,并使之流传于西北地区。 </p><p>元亡后留居内地的蒙古人“土达”也有相当部分被回回人伊斯兰化。这些明代以来的西域回回人和其它非汉群体逐步汉化和伊斯兰化,成为了今天回族的主要先民。清代中后期,当地其他民族如汉族也存在改信伊斯兰教的情形,但没有明确历史记载存在规模化的非穆斯林皈依现象。汉人(非穆斯林)等族群融入回回人群主要通过通婚及收养等方式。“回回”定居宁夏的历史约有600多年。在民国时期,居住在中國內地包括宁夏的穆斯林群體則被中華民國政府稱之為內地回民、內地回教同胞、內地生活習慣特殊之國民等,并未划为独立民族。至中華人民共和國建立之後,回族被確立為一種民族。 </p><p>1940年,宁夏北部回族人口447848人,占总人口的20.9%。1947年宁夏南部回族人口155896人,占总人口44.5%。2010年全国人口普查数据显示,全区拥有回族人口186.25万,占全国回族总人口的18.9%。<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="第五次全国人口普查">第五次全國人口普查</a>结果:2000年11月1日,总人口548.64万人,性别比(以女性为100)105.26。其中,汉族359.06万人,占总人口比重为65.45%;回族186.24002万人,占总人口比总为33.95%。(源自《宁夏统计年鉴-2008》)截止到2017年末,宁夏回族自治区的总人口为682万人。 </p><p>由于中國官方對<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="漢族">漢族</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" class="mw-redirect" title="计划生育政策">計劃生育政策</a>,占人口大多數的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="漢族">漢族</a>的生育率小幅下降。但因为中國少数民族在生育等政策上的優惠,中国的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>人口的增长速度几乎等同于全國平均增长速度,致使其在总人口中的比重少许增大。宁夏回族自治区1997年与1949年比较,<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a>人口增长3.9倍,同期<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a>人口增长为3.7倍。回族人口在总人口中的比重由约32%上升到约34%;其他少数民族人口增长25倍,在总人口中的比重由0.08%上升到0.49%<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>宗教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=29" title="编辑章节:宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black"> <div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#FF99FF"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 1357.8473333352px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:80.269258453846px 59.639300358653px 0 0; border-top-color:DarkRed"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkRed"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>寧夏宗教(2010) </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkRed; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%96%93%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="中國民間信仰">中國民間信仰</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="無宗教">無宗教</a>(64.83%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a><sup id="cite_ref-2010-Islam_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010-Islam-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(34%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF99FF; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督宗教">基督宗教</a><sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>(1.17%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>宁夏历史上民族众多,丝绸之路贸易发达,宗教极为繁盛。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99" title="景教">景教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%86%E6%95%99" title="祆教">祆教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>等宗教先后在宁夏地区流行。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="佛教"><span id=".E4.BD.9B.E6.95.99"></span>佛教</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=30" title="编辑章节:佛教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏漢族主要信仰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%96%93%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="中國民間宗教">中國民間宗教</a>,佛教通过<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E7%BB%B8%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="丝绸之路">丝绸之路</a>传到宁夏。魏晋南北朝时期建造的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%AE%9D%E5%A1%94" title="海宝塔">海宝塔</a>及其寺院表明早在魏晋时期宁夏就有一定规模的佛教寺院。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="须弥山石窟">须弥山石窟</a>开凿于北魏孝文帝时期,须弥山大佛建造于唐朝武则天时期,为唐代建造的规模最大的大佛。唐代宁夏佛教繁盛,多位高僧在灵州传教,<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%BD%97" title="新罗">新罗</a>王子<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="無漏">无漏</a>在贺兰山百草谷修行<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>密宗在唐代传至宁夏,密宗<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%A9%BA" title="不空">不空</a>法师在<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%82%83%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="唐肃宗">唐肃宗</a>讲授秘密法。<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E7%A9%BA%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="不空法师(页面不存在)">不空法师</a>弟子“六哲”之一的元皎就是灵武人。 </p><p>西夏时期,佛教成为西夏国教,举国崇佛,仅<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%BA%86%E5%BA%9C" title="兴庆府">兴庆府</a>建有十多座寺院,西夏皇族在<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E5%A4%A9%E5%AF%BA%E5%A1%94" title="承天寺塔">承天寺塔</a>地宫藏有金棺银椁佛骨舍利。西夏的佛教印刷业发达,贺兰山佛祖院拥有八十余部大藏经全套西夏文雕版,1991年在<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E5%AF%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%96%B9%E5%A1%94%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="拜寺口方塔遗址">拜寺口方塔遗址</a>发现的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%A5%A5%E9%81%8D%E8%87%B3%E5%8F%A3%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%AC%E7%BB%AD" title="吉祥遍至口和本续">吉祥遍至口和本续</a>》是世界现存最早的木刻活字印刷品,印刷于西夏后期。 </p><p>明到清前期,前朝遗迹得以重修,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%A8%E5%9C%9F%E5%AE%97_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="淨土宗 (中國)">净土宗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E6%B5%8E%E5%AE%97" title="临济宗">临济宗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E5%AE%97" title="禅宗">禅宗</a>(牛首山寺)和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">密宗</a>均有发展。 </p><p>1941年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E5%BF%83%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="释心道">释心道</a>法师(1905-1968)任银川西塔<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E5%A4%A9%E5%AF%BA" class="mw-disambig" title="承天寺">承天寺</a>方丈,开坛讲经,为一时之盛。 </p><p>文化大革命期间,佛教发展停滞,宁夏佛教重要寺院银川承天寺被自治区文化部门强行占据,僧侣遭到驱逐,以供应寺院地毯为生的宁夏手工地毯织造业也因此逐渐消亡,地方佛教界人士多方呼吁,但地方文化部门至今不归还。<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="儒教"><span id=".E5.84.92.E6.95.99"></span>儒教</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=31" title="编辑章节:儒教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>西夏<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E6%95%99_(%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99)" class="mw-redirect" title="儒教 (宗教)">儒教</a>也十分发达,在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="夏仁宗">夏仁宗</a>统治期间曾发布诏令,在各州府建立<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%BA%99" title="孔庙">孔庙</a>祭祀<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90" title="孔子">孔子</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="夏仁宗">夏仁宗</a>尊孔子为“文宣帝”<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。西夏中后期开设科举,有童子科、进士科。宗室子亦可应举,夏神宗遵顼早年即由科举出身,且是廷试第一。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a>不仅从<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>引进、购买<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="儒家经典">儒家经典</a>,而且还用西夏文翻译儒家的主要经典《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BA%E8%AF%AD" title="论语">论语</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90" title="孟子">孟子</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="孝经">孝经</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%94%E9%9B%85" title="尔雅">尔雅</a>》等,并依据汉文典籍编译而成《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E5%8F%B2%E6%9D%82%E6%8A%84&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="经史杂抄(页面不存在)">经史杂抄</a>》、《新集慈孝传》、《德行集》,甚至<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="西夏人">西夏人</a>自己编纂了《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%A3%E7%AB%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%B5%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="圣立立海(页面不存在)">圣立立海</a>》、《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%86%E9%94%A6%E6%88%90%E5%AF%B9%E8%B0%9A%E8%AF%AD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="新集锦成对谚语(页面不存在)">新集锦成对谚语</a>》等著作。随着儒学教育的发展,儒家的政治理念、道德观念被编入字典<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。譬如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AA%A8%E5%8B%92%E8%8C%82%E6%89%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="骨勒茂才(页面不存在)">骨勒茂才</a>编于西夏后期《<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%AA%E6%B1%89%E5%90%88%E6%97%B6%E6%8E%8C%E4%B8%AD%E7%8F%A0" title="番汉合时掌中珠">番汉合时掌中珠</a>》这样记载:阴阳和合,仁义忠信,五常六艺,孝顺父母,六亲和合,学习圣典,立身行道,世间扬名,行行禀德,国人敬爱,万人取则,恤治民庶。君子有礼,小人失道。 </p><p>明清时期,银川设立有<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BA%99" class="mw-disambig" title="文庙">文庙</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%94%E6%96%B9%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="朔方书院(页面不存在)">朔方书院</a>,朔方书院为科举考试之处,文庙供奉孔、孟、颜、曾及孔门弟子牌位,文廟每年農曆九月二十八日孔聖人誕辰,為祭孔之日。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%99" title="中卫高庙">中卫高庙</a>和灵武高庙都供奉有孔子塑像。1943年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>聘请张鸿鼎、杨叔坚、李干丞和范振绪四位<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%B0%E6%9E%97" class="mw-disambig" title="翰林">翰林</a>来银川编修方志,设立宁夏儒学会,面向全市学生教授<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E4%B9%A6%E4%BA%94%E7%BB%8F" title="四书五经">四书五经</a>、书画篆刻、易经卜辞和编写秦腔剧本<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="伊斯兰教"><span id=".E4.BC.8A.E6.96.AF.E5.85.B0.E6.95.99"></span>伊斯兰教</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=32" title="编辑章节:伊斯兰教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YinchuanMosque2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/YinchuanMosque2.jpg/250px-YinchuanMosque2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/YinchuanMosque2.jpg/375px-YinchuanMosque2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/YinchuanMosque2.jpg/500px-YinchuanMosque2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2494" data-file-height="1865" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="銀川">銀川</a>永宁中华回乡文化园的清真寺</figcaption></figure> <p>寧夏回族主要信仰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a>在宁夏约有600年历史。目前的主要流派是带有神秘主义倾向的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%8F%B2%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="苏菲主义">苏菲主义</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%A6" title="门宦">门宦</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%A6" title="门宦">门宦</a>的组织特点是对教主(“穆勒什德”)的绝对服从和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B4%87%E6%8B%9C" title="个人崇拜">个人崇拜</a>。 </p><p>清朝前期(十八世纪中期),<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E9%81%B2" title="馬來遲">马来迟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%98%8E%E5%BF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="马明心">马明心</a>等人从阿拉伯朝觐求学带回<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%A6" title="门宦">门宦</a>学说并流传于西北,并逐渐发展壮大。清朝西北地区的<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%A6" title="门宦">门宦</a>是一种有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%95%99%E6%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="原教旨主義">原教旨主义</a>倾向的宗教组织形式,门宦内部实行政教合一的制度,相对于<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>的回族已经<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="汉化">汉化</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E5%84%92%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%8F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="以儒传经(页面不存在)">以儒传经</a>思想更为激进,对教民控制力和剥削程度都很强。清朝前期和中期,清朝皇帝对伊斯兰教持宽容态度,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%9D" title="雍正帝">雍正帝</a>认为:“回民之在中国,……即皆为国家赤子也。朕临御天下,一视同仁,岂忍令回民独处德化之外”<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>宁夏的苏非主义派别中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%90%88%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6" title="哲合忍耶">哲合忍耶</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%98%8E%E5%BE%B7%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="嘎德忍耶(页面不存在)">嘎德忍耶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%A4%AB%E8%80%B6" title="虎夫耶">虎夫耶</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%93%E5%B8%83%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="库布忍耶(页面不存在)">库布忍耶</a>为主流,被称为“四大门宦”。也有其他影响较小的门宦,如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%9D%E5%BD%A9%E5%9D%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="九彩坪(页面不存在)">九彩坪</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%AE%A6" title="门宦">门宦</a>。激进派别和保守派别(被称为“底格目”)中历史上常有冲突。影响最大的是<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%90%88%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6" title="哲合忍耶">哲合忍耶</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%A4%AB%E8%80%B6" title="虎夫耶">虎夫耶</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%90%88%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6" title="哲合忍耶">哲合忍耶</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%98%8E%E5%BE%B7%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="嘎德忍耶(页面不存在)">嘎德忍耶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%A4%AB%E8%80%B6" title="虎夫耶">虎夫耶</a>在历史上常有冲突,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%93%E5%B8%83%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="库布忍耶(页面不存在)">库布忍耶</a>是相对温和的教派,提倡躬耕自足<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>宁夏较大的清真寺被称为“海义”(罕以)寺,下辖数座到十多座清真寺(“梢麻”)。各个门宦设置有互相独立的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E5%A0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="道堂(页面不存在)">道堂</a>,作为本门宦<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A8%87" title="阿訇">阿訇</a>的进修之所,如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E6%A1%A5%E9%81%93%E5%A0%82" title="板桥道堂">板桥道堂</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%BF%E4%B9%90%E5%BA%9C%E9%81%93%E5%A0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="鸿乐府道堂(页面不存在)">鸿乐府道堂</a>。清朝同治<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E7%94%98%E5%9B%9E%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="陕甘回变">陕甘回变</a>,在<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%90%88%E5%BF%8D%E8%80%B6" title="哲合忍耶">哲合忍耶</a>第五代教长<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%8C%96%E9%BE%8D" title="馬化龍">马化龙</a>的带领下,回族军队对<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BA%9C" title="宁夏府">宁夏府</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a>)、吴忠堡(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="吴忠">吴忠</a>)、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E" title="灵州">灵州</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="灵武">灵武</a>)的汉族官员和民众进行了多次屠杀<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,如1869年9月的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%B5%E5%B7%9E%E5%B1%A0%E5%9F%8E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="灵州屠城(页面不存在)">灵州屠城</a>,馬化龍的回軍在靈州再次屠殺漢民十餘萬人,而漢民的財產及婦女被回軍據為己有,州府衙门、汉族祠堂、书院、佛寺、道观全部被毁<sup id="cite_ref-cass01_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cass01-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>民国时期,回族出现一批宗教改革者,倡导宗教现代化和学习汉语,提出中阿并举的治学方针,如宁夏省主席<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%B8%BF%E9%80%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="马鸿逵">马鸿逵</a>和回族学者<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%B5%A9%E5%B1%B1" title="虎嵩山">虎嵩山</a>,可惜未能持续下去。文化大革命期间,宁夏很多的清真寺被拆除或移作他用。1980年代起,大部分清真寺陆续重建,但不少重建的清真寺没有按照原样重建,与原来的中国建筑风格没什么关系,如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="清华大学">清华大学</a>建筑系毕业的回族建筑师姚复兴设计建造的银川<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%85%B3%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA" title="南关清真大寺">南关清真寺</a>。这种建筑风格和类型的突变引发了当地汉回民族争议和冲突事件,如2012年<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>和2018年的韦州清真寺警民冲突事件<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>根據2010年的調查,寧夏穆斯林占該省人口的34%<sup id="cite_ref-2010-Islam_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010-Islam-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> 。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="基督宗教"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E7.9D.A3.E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>基督宗教</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=33" title="编辑章节:基督宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>约<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>初年,基督宗教由西征返回的蒙古士兵带到<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>。13世纪,<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>旅行家<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97" title="马可·波罗">马可·波罗</a>(Marco Polo)在他的游记中有记载宁夏银川有3个基督教<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%82%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="聂斯托利派">聂斯托利派</a>教堂<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。13世纪的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>旅行家<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%8F%AD%C2%B7%E6%89%AB%E9%A9%AC" title="拉班·扫马">拉班·扫马</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="馬古斯">马古斯</a>前往耶路撒冷的途中途经宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,受到了城内基督徒的热烈欢迎并接受了城内基督徒的礼物,这一事迹记录在波斯文写本《拉班·扫马和马克西行记》之中。<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1864年,由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%95%99%E5%BB%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马教廷">罗马教廷</a>批准,把中国长城以北的内蒙古地区划为“圣母圣心会”的传教区域。其范围包括当时的热河省、察哈尔省、绥远省和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏">宁夏</a>、陕北等地。1877年1月6日晚,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E5%9C%B0%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="中國內地會">中国内地会</a>(China Inland Mission)<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%95%99%E5%A3%AB" title="传教士">传教士</a>义世敦(G.F.Eston)和巴道格(George Parker)到达宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E5%BE%B7%E5%8E%BF" title="隆德县">隆德县</a>,这是基督教首次进入宁夏传教<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,于1885年建立银川传教站。巴道格(George Parker)于1883年在宁夏巡回布道。1887年,巴道格(George Parker)、T.Hutton、J.H.Sturman和何洛宾在银川建立<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A6%E7%89%87" title="鸦片">鸦片</a>戒毒所,以吸引信众。1889年,第一批宁夏基督徒<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E6%B4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="受洗">受洗</a>,共4名。1895年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E9%81%93%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="宣道會">宣道会</a>进入宁夏传教,在宁夏建立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="中卫">中卫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="平罗">平罗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a>3个传教站,在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E5%B7%A6%E6%97%97" title="阿拉善左旗">阿拉善左旗</a>王爷府建立一个传教站,向<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%97%8F" title="蒙古族">蒙古人</a>传教<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1901年,平罗下营子天主教会为获得土地作为教产,勒令因躲避1892年和1900年<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8E%E5%A5%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="后套地区(页面不存在)">后套地区</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B1%E7%81%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="旱灾">旱灾</a>而<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="移民">移民</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E7%BD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="平罗">平罗</a>的农民放弃土地回到原籍(今内蒙古<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="包头">包头</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="九原">九原</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="乌海">乌海</a>等地),引发了教民与非教民之间的矛盾。1901年11月13日(1901年12月23日)夜,宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E7%BD%97%E5%8E%BF" title="平罗县">平罗县</a>下营子多名天主教外国传教士被<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%89%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="义和团">义和团</a>民龙占海等人屠杀,下营子教堂被焚的事件,被称为“下营子教案”,朝野震惊。法国驻华公使要求清朝<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E8%A1%99%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="总理衙门">总理衙门</a>严惩凶手,清廷将前任平罗知县王树槐、现任平罗知县李含菁、平罗营参将易庆安革职,并赔偿下营子教堂4.2万两白银。龙占海于1902年3月被<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%A9%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="斩首">斩首</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1985年,银川只有一处基督教活动点,教徒235人。<sup id="cite_ref-YCDFZ_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YCDFZ-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2000年,建立<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="西夏区基督教堂(页面不存在)">西夏区基督教堂</a>, 这是银川市<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a>后重建的第一个正规教堂。<sup id="cite_ref-He2016_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-He2016-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2004年中國綜合社會調查,寧夏基督徒占总人口的1.17%。<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="祆教、景教"><span id=".E7.A5.86.E6.95.99.E3.80.81.E6.99.AF.E6.95.99"></span>祆教、景教</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=34" title="编辑章节:祆教、景教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%86%E6%95%99" title="祆教">祆教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99" title="景教">景教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%89%B9%E5%8F%B2%E6%B0%8F%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F%E5%A2%93%E8%91%AC%E7%BE%A4" title="粟特史氏家族墓葬群">粟特史氏家族墓葬群</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E9%9A%8B%E5%94%90%E5%A2%93%E5%9C%B0" title="固原北朝隋唐墓地">固原北朝隋唐墓地</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A2%91" title="大秦景教流行中国碑">大秦景教流行中国碑</a></div> <p>宁夏历史上还有众多的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%86%E6%95%99" title="祆教">祆教</a>和基督教<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99" title="景教">聂斯托利派</a>教徒。 </p><p>北朝时期,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%86%E6%95%99" title="祆教">祆教</a>由粟特商人和<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%AD%E6%AD%A6%E4%B9%9D%E5%A7%93" title="昭武九姓">昭武九姓</a>通过丝绸之路传来,粟特人与灵州、固原的本地汉人通婚。 </p><p>在隋唐时期,宁夏粟特后裔兴盛,不少为望族并担任高官,如原州左二监监牧使兼<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BF%E8%83%AA%E5%AF%BA" title="鸿胪寺">鸿胪寺</a>直中书省翻译朝会史诃耽是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%9B%BD" title="史国">史国</a>国王后裔,平凉郡都尉骠骑将军<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E7%B4%A2%E5%B2%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="史索岩(页面不存在)">史索岩</a>的妻子安娘是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="安息">安息</a>王室后裔。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E9%9A%8B%E5%94%90%E5%A2%93%E5%9C%B0" title="固原北朝隋唐墓地">固原北朝隋唐墓地</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%89%B9%E5%8F%B2%E6%B0%8F%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F%E5%A2%93%E8%91%AC%E7%BE%A4" title="粟特史氏家族墓葬群">粟特史氏家族墓葬群</a>显示粟特后裔虽然保留了一定的祆教传统,但同时也受到其他宗教的影响,而且服饰已完全汉化,出土壁画中已经有汉人形像。 </p><p>在唐朝至元朝,宁夏有着活跃的<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99" title="景教">聂斯托利派</a>信仰。在著名的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A7%A6%E6%99%AF%E6%95%99%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A2%91" title="大秦景教流行中国碑">大秦景教流行中国碑</a>中记载了唐肃宗在宁夏灵州重新修建景教寺院的事迹。<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="行政区划"><span id=".E8.A1.8C.E6.94.BF.E5.8C.BA.E5.88.92"></span>行政区划</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=35" title="编辑章节:行政区划"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏回族自治区现辖5个<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E5%B8%82" title="地级市">地级市</a>,下设9个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="市辖区">市辖区</a>、2个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E5%B8%82" title="县级市">县级市</a>、11个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF" title="县">县</a>;243个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="乡级行政区">乡级行政区</a>,包括103<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6%E9%95%87" title="行政建制镇">镇</a>,90<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1" title="乡">乡</a>,50<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E5%8A%9E%E4%BA%8B%E5%A4%84" title="街道办事处">街道</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>地级市:<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市">石嘴山市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市">固原市</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫市</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><b>宁夏回族自治区行政区划图</b> </th> <th rowspan="2">区划代码<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th> <th rowspan="2">区划名称 </th> <th rowspan="2">汉语拼音 </th> <th rowspan="2">面积<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span><br />(平方公里) </th> <th rowspan="2">常住人口<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><br />(2020年普查) </th> <th rowspan="2">政府驻地 </th> <th colspan="3">县级行政区划<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th width="45">市辖区 </th> <th width="45">县级市 </th> <th width="45">县 </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><div style="position: relative" class="center"> <div role="img" class="nounderlines noresize" style="width: 380px; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: var(--background-color-base,#ffffff); color:inherit; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/380px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="588" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/570px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg/760px-Administrative_Division_Ningxia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:201.62886597938px; top:152.61855670103px"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市"><span style="color: black;"><b>银川市</b></span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:221.21649484536px; top:58.59793814433px"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市"><span style="color: black;"><b>石嘴山市</b></span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:240.80412371134px; top:274.0618556701px"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市"><span style="color: black;"><b>吴忠市</b></span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:195.75257731959px; top:485.60824742268px"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市"><span style="color: black;"><b>固原市</b></span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:115.44329896907px; top:336.74226804124px"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市"><span style="color: black;"><b>中卫市</b></span></a></div> </div> </div></td></tr> <tr style="font-weight: bold"> <th>640000</th> <th>宁夏回族自治区 </th> <td>Níngxià Huízú Zìzhìqū </td> <td>51,947.84</td> <td>7,202,654</td> <td>银川市</td> <td>9</td> <td>2</td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightblue"> <td colspan="10" style="text-align:center;"><b>— <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E5%B8%82" title="地级市">地级市</a> —</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th>640100</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a> </th> <td>Yínchuān Shì </td> <td>6,942.86</td> <td>2,859,074</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%87%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="金凤区">金凤区</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>1</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640200</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市">石嘴山市</a> </th> <td>Shízuǐshān Shì </td> <td>4,074.47</td> <td>751,389</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%A6%E5%8F%A3%E5%8C%BA" title="大武口区">大武口区</a></td> <td>2</td> <td></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640300</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠市</a> </th> <td>Wúzhōng Shì </td> <td>16,757.59</td> <td>1,382,713</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E9%80%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="利通区">利通区</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>1</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640400</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市">固原市</a> </th> <td>Gùyuán Shì </td> <td>10,522.79</td> <td>1,142,142</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E%E5%8C%BA" title="原州区">原州区</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <th>640500</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫市</a> </th> <td>Zhōngwèi Shì </td> <td>13,650.14</td> <td>1,067,336</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%8C%BA" title="沙坡头区">沙坡头区</a></td> <td>1</td> <td></td> <td>2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="经济"><span id=".E7.BB.8F.E6.B5.8E"></span>经济</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=36" title="编辑章节:经济"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="宁夏回族自治区经济">宁夏回族自治区经济</a></div> <p>根据<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#数据类型" title="中华人民共和国国内生产总值">初步核算</a>的结果,2010年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="宁夏回族自治区地区生产总值">宁夏GDP总量</a>达到1,643.41亿元,位居<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区地区生产总值列表">全国第廿九位</a>,比上年增长13.5%。分产业看,第一产业完成增加值160.28亿元,增长7.0%;第二产业完成增加值833.16亿元,增长16.0%,第三产业完成增加值649.97亿元,增长11.6%。按年平均人口计算,人均GDP达到26860元,居全国第十七位<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。由於天然條件惡劣,宁夏擁有著名貧困區<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BA" title="西海固">西海固</a>。 </p><p>与其他<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省市区</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="中华人民共和国经济">经济发展</a>相比,宁夏属于中等发展速度的省级行政区;二产业所占比重较大;人均GDP属于中等偏后。1979-2007年29年,按绝对数比较,2007年<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="宁夏回族自治区地区生产总值">宁夏GDP总量</a>为1978年的64.17倍;按不变价格推算(以同期全国平均物价水平为基准),GDP年平均增长率9.5%,低于同期全国9.8%的平均水平,年均增长率次于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="山西省地区生产总值">山西</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="安徽省地区生产总值">安徽</a>等15个省份居16位。1995年,宁夏GDP总量正式超过青海稳居<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8E%86%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="中国省级行政区历年地区生产总值列表(页面不存在)">第29位</a>。GDP总量的发展,1988年突破50亿元,1993年突破100亿元,2004年突破500亿元,2008年突破1000亿元。人均GDP的发展,1988年首次突破1千元(全国1987年突破1千元),2000年突破5千元(全国1995年突破5千元),2005年突破1万元(全国2003年突破1万元)。 </p><p>2007年,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="宁夏回族自治区地区生产总值">宁夏GDP总量</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC#数据类型" title="中华人民共和国国内生产总值">最终核实数</a>)达到834.16亿元,与上年相比增幅达到13.9%,GDP占全国总量的0.31%;其中<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="第一产业">第一产业</a>97.9亿元,占GDP比重11.74%;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="第二产业">第二产业</a>420.28亿元,占50.38%;<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="第三产业">第三产业</a>315.98亿元,占37.88%;人均GDP为13,743元,次于<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="陕西省地区生产总值">陕西</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="青海省地区生产总值">青海</a>等22<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省市区</a>居第23位<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。经济结构中,二、三产业占有较大比重。以2007年为例,二产业占GDP比重次于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="江西省地区生产总值">江西</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="内蒙古自治区地区生产总值">内蒙</a>等14<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省区</a>居全国第15位,三产业占GDP比重次于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="云南省地区生产总值">云南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="甘肃省地区生产总值">甘肃</a>等17省居第18位。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="农业、牧业和渔业"><span id=".E5.86.9C.E4.B8.9A.E3.80.81.E7.89.A7.E4.B8.9A.E5.92.8C.E6.B8.94.E4.B8.9A"></span>农业、牧业和渔业</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=37" title="编辑章节:农业、牧业和渔业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%9E%B8%E6%9D%9E" title="宁夏枸杞">宁夏枸杞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%8A" title="中卫山羊">中卫山羊</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A9%E7%BE%8A" title="滩羊">滩羊</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="农业"><span id=".E5.86.9C.E4.B8.9A"></span>农业</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=38" title="编辑章节:农业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg/250px-Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg/375px-Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Yellowrivermap_copy_copy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>宁夏平原属于河套平原的一部分,又称“西套”</figcaption></figure> <p>宁夏现有耕地1650万亩,人均2.8亩,居全国第2位<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。宁夏平原灌区种稻始于6世纪后半叶。宁夏平原沿河两岸,地势平坦,享黄河之利,旱涝无虞,又有“天下黄河富宁夏”之称<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。自秦朝开始,共开凿大的河渠13条,截止2008年,银川平原各时期修建的干支渠总数已达3000多条,总长度7000多公里<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="种植业"><span id=".E7.A7.8D.E6.A4.8D.E4.B8.9A"></span>种植业</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=39" title="编辑章节:种植业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png/220px-%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png/330px-%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png/440px-%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%A8%BB%E7%94%B0%E9%A3%8E%E5%85%89.png 2x" data-file-width="1286" data-file-height="1204" /></a><figcaption>宁夏平原稻田风光</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏平原">宁夏平原</a>光照充足,土壤肥沃,四季分明,十分适宜瓜果的栽培。北魏郦道元所著《水经注》中记载,宁夏平原“桑果余林仍列洲上”。唐朝诗人韦蟾的《送卢潘尚书之灵武》写到:“贺兰山下果园成,塞北江南旧有名。” </p><p>宁夏栽培枸杞已有500多年的历史,处于清水河和黄河洪泛区交汇的宁夏中宁县出产的枸杞为最佳,明朝弘治年间就已被列为贡果,分为“朝玉、贡果、大栋、魁元”四个品级。多年来,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%9E%B8%E6%9D%9E" title="宁夏枸杞">宁夏枸杞</a>一直以品质纯正、产量丰盈而居全国之冠,也是中药、食补领域的上品。1730年,第三代<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E5%85%AC%E7%88%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="阿蓋爾公爵">阿蓋爾公爵</a>阿齊巴爾德·坎貝爾将宁夏枸杞引入英國<sup id="cite_ref-grin_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grin-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,进入植物学视野。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a>东麓以其独特的地理、气候和土壤优势,已成为中国乃至全球酿酒葡萄最佳种植区之一。20世纪80年代初,宁夏在贺兰山东麓大面积引种葡萄成功。1982年,中国农林科学院果木研究所研究员吴德玲来宁夏考察并指导葡萄种植1000多亩。1985年,开始生产干红、干白葡萄酒,从而真正开始了宁夏的现代葡萄酒生产。1989年正式出品了"玉泉牌"葡萄酒,是宁夏第一瓶葡萄酒<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2011年底,由法国举办的中法葡萄酒盲品比赛中,前4名被宁夏贺兰山东麓产区葡萄酒包揽。2018年,贺兰山东麓葡萄酒在柏林葡萄酒大奖赛冬季赛中国区比赛获得金奖20枚,银奖3枚。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="牧业"><span id=".E7.89.A7.E4.B8.9A"></span>牧业</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=40" title="编辑章节:牧业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏有天然草场4000多万亩,是全国十大牧区之一<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。宁夏北部河套平原古称“河曲丰旷之野”,水草丰美,西汉时期就设立苑马监“河奇苑”、”号非苑“,放牧战马<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>宁夏南部<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a>谷地带自秦朝开始就是战马供应产地,唐朝初年,唐朝监牧以原州(今宁夏固原市)为中心,以原州刺史为都监牧使,下管四个监牧使,称为四监使。诸使共管五十监<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。贞观二十年(646年)十月,唐太宗李世民来到六盘山原州的瓦亭关(今宁夏固原市泾源县大湾乡瓦亭村)视察马政,表现了对战马培育养殖的重视。 </p><p>宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A9%E7%BE%8A" title="滩羊">滩羊</a>生长在宁夏东部和中部,是罕见的独特的盐渍化土壤地带,对滩羊肉的品质起到至关重要的影响,其肉质鲜美,不膻不腥,是公认的优质羊肉。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%8A" title="中卫山羊">中卫山羊</a>培育成型于15世纪,是全中国知名的畜种,裘皮质量上乘,是全世界唯一的白色裘皮山羊。在宁夏与内蒙古交界地带,历史上饲养了大批<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%96%84%E9%AA%86%E9%A9%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拉善骆驼(页面不存在)">阿拉善骆驼</a>,古称“河西驼”,阿拉善骆驼体型高大、精力充沛,耐饥渴,可负重150-300千克,是人们在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E7%BB%B8%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="丝绸之路">丝绸之路</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8C%B6%E5%8F%B6%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="茶叶之路(页面不存在)">茶叶之路</a>进行贸易运输的重要伙伴<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。西夏时期饲养数十万峰骆驼,用于运输,并在战时配备给正规军使用<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="渔业"><span id=".E6.B8.94.E4.B8.9A"></span>渔业</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=41" title="编辑章节:渔业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>宁夏平原,河渠纵横,黄河故道留下大量湖泊,有“七十二连湖”之称。人均水产品占有量达27.7公斤,居西北地区首位,养殖有黄河鲤鱼、黄河鲶鱼、螃蟹、甲鱼等。且有70%以上的水产品销往陕、甘、青、蒙、新、藏等周边省区。<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="交通"><span id=".E4.BA.A4.E9.80.9A"></span>交通</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=42" title="编辑章节:交通"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YichuanDrumTower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/YichuanDrumTower.jpg/220px-YichuanDrumTower.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/YichuanDrumTower.jpg/330px-YichuanDrumTower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/YichuanDrumTower.jpg/440px-YichuanDrumTower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2463" data-file-height="1756" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="銀川市">銀川市</a>大鼓樓</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YinChuan_airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/220px-YinChuan_airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/330px-YinChuan_airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YinChuan_airport.jpg/440px-YinChuan_airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>銀川機場</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="航空"><span id=".E8.88.AA.E7.A9.BA"></span>航空</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=43" title="编辑章节:航空"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E6%B2%B3%E4%B8%9C%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="银川河东国际机场">银川河东国际机场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="中卫沙坡头机场">中卫沙坡头机场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="固原六盘山机场">固原六盘山机场</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="公路"><span id=".E5.85.AC.E8.B7.AF"></span>公路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=44" title="编辑章节:公路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="国道"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E9.81.93"></span>国道</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=45" title="编辑章节:国道"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_109(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_109%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/109%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="109国道">109国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_110(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_110%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/110%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="110国道">110国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_211(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_211%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/211%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="211国道">211国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_307(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_307%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/307%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="307国道">307国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_309(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_309%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/309%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="309国道">309国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_312(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_312%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/312%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="312国道">312国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_327(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_327%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/327%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="327国道">327国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_338(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_338%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/338%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="338国道">338国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_341(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_341%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/341%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="341国道">341国道</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kokudou_344(China).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg/35px-Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg/53px-Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg/70px-Kokudou_344%28China%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="68" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/344%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%93" title="344国道">344国道</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="高速公路"><span id=".E9.AB.98.E9.80.9F.E5.85.AC.E8.B7.AF"></span>高速公路</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=46" title="编辑章节:高速公路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G6"><img alt="G6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg/22px-China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg/33px-China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg/44px-China_Expwy_G6_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E8%97%8F%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="京藏高速公路">京藏高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G20"><img alt="G20" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg/27px-China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg/41px-China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg/54px-China_Expwy_G20_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%B6%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="青银高速公路">青银高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G22"><img alt="G22" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg/27px-China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg/41px-China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg/54px-China_Expwy_G22_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%85%B0%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="青兰高速公路">青兰高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G69"><img alt="G69" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg/27px-China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg/41px-China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg/54px-China_Expwy_G69_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E7%99%BE%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="银百高速公路">银百高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G70"><img alt="G70" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg/27px-China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg/41px-China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg/54px-China_Expwy_G70_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E9%93%B6%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="福银高速公路">福银高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G85"><img alt="G85" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg/27px-China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg/41px-China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg/54px-China_Expwy_G85_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E6%98%86%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="银昆高速公路">银昆高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G1816"><img alt="G1816" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg/37px-China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg/56px-China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg/74px-China_Expwy_G1816_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E7%8E%9B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="乌玛高速公路">乌玛高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G1817"><img alt="G1817" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg/37px-China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg/56px-China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg/74px-China_Expwy_G1817_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E9%93%B6%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="乌银高速公路">乌银高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G2004"><img alt="G2004" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg/37px-China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg/56px-China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg/74px-China_Expwy_G2004_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="301" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E7%BB%95%E5%9F%8E%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="银川绕城高速公路(页面不存在)">银川绕城高速</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G2012"><img alt="G2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg/37px-China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg/56px-China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg/74px-China_Expwy_G2012_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="283" /></a></span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E6%AD%A6%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="定武高速公路">定武高速</a></li> <li>省级高速:<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S10_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E7%9F%B3%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="平石高速公路(页面不存在)">平石高速公路</a>、<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S30_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E9%9D%92%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="古青高速公路(页面不存在)">古青高速公路</a>、<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S40_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%8C%E6%B5%B7%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="萌海高速公路(页面不存在)">萌海高速公路</a>、<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S50_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%A8%E6%B5%B7%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="寨海高速公路(页面不存在)">寨海高速公路</a>、<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S60_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BA%E8%A5%BF%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="固西高速公路(页面不存在)">固西高速公路</a>、<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg/27px-Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg/41px-Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg/54px-Ningxia_Expwy_S70_sign_no_name.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="283" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%92%E5%BD%AD%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="青彭高速公路(页面不存在)">青彭高速公路</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="铁路"><span id=".E9.93.81.E8.B7.AF"></span>铁路</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=47" title="编辑章节:铁路"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%85%B0%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="包兰线">包兰线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="干武线">干武线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="宝中线">宝中线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%AD%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="太中线">太中线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E9%93%B6%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="定银线">定银线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%B1%9D%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="平汝线">平汝线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%85%B0%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="银兰高速铁路">银兰高速铁路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E8%A5%BF%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="银西高速铁路">银西高速铁路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E9%93%B6%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="包银高速铁路">包银高速铁路</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=48" title="编辑章节:文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg/220px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg/330px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg/440px-%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>宁夏银川当代美术馆及周围黄河湿地</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%8D%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="历史文化名城">历史文化名城</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="银川">银川</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="灵武">灵武</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="中卫">中卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="固原">固原</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="彭阳">彭阳</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="吴忠">吴忠</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E6%B1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="盐池">盐池</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人物"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E7.89.A9"></span>人物</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=49" title="编辑章节:人物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主分类:<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E4%BA%BA" title="Category:宁夏人">宁夏人</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="教育"><span id=".E6.95.99.E8.82.B2"></span>教育</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=50" title="编辑章节:教育"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="宁夏大学">寧夏大學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北方民族大学">北方民族大學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8C%BB%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="宁夏医科大学">寧夏醫科大學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B8%88%E8%8C%83%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏师范学院">寧夏师范学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="宁夏理工学院">寧夏理工學院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="银川能源学院">银川能源学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="宁夏大学新华学院">宁夏大学新华学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="中国矿业大学银川学院">中国矿业大学银川学院</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="旅遊"><span id=".E6.97.85.E9.81.8A"></span>旅遊</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=51" title="编辑章节:旅遊"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shapotou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Shapotou.jpg/220px-Shapotou.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Shapotou.jpg/330px-Shapotou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Shapotou.jpg/440px-Shapotou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>宁夏<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫市</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%8C%BA" title="沙坡头区">沙坡頭區</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg/220px-%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg/330px-%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg/440px-%E6%B8%85%E6%99%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%92%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>清晨的贺兰山和西夏王陵</figcaption></figure> <p>著名旅遊风景区有:沙湖(5A)、中卫<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E6%99%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="中卫市沙坡头旅游景区">沙坡头</a>(5A)、中华回乡文化园(4A)、镇北堡西部影视城(5A)、六盘山国家森林公园、黄沙古渡、固原须弥山石窟、西吉火石寨旅游区,隆德六盘山长征纪念亭、牛首山、贺兰山滚钟口风景区、贺兰山苏峪口保护区(4A)、贺兰山岩画(4A)、青铜峡一百零八塔等。 </p><p>在地方特色产品方面,宁夏一度有“宁夏五宝”的说法:红宝-<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%B8%E6%9D%9E" title="枸杞">枸杞</a>、黄宝-<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%8D%89" title="甘草">甘草</a>、蓝宝-贺兰石、白宝-滩羊皮、黑宝-<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%8F%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="发菜">发菜</a>(由于发菜2000年起被禁止开采<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,现已将黑宝改为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E8%A5%BF%E7%85%A4" title="太西煤">太西煤</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="友好省区"><span id=".E5.8F.8B.E5.A5.BD.E7.9C.81.E5.8C.BA"></span>友好省区</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=52" title="编辑章节:友好省区"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国"><img alt="蒙古国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国">蒙古国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%BD%A6%E6%B4%AA%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E7%9C%81" title="巴彦洪戈尔省">巴彦洪戈尔省</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯"><img alt="俄罗斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="俄罗斯联邦">俄罗斯联邦</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E8%B4%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%B9%E7%96%86%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="外贝加尔边疆区">外贝加尔边疆区</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗"><img alt="伊朗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%8C%B2%E6%BA%AB%E7%9C%81" title="加茲溫省">加兹温省</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%AE%81" title="贝宁"><img alt="贝宁" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/22px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/33px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/44px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%AE%81" title="贝宁">贝宁</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%A4%E7%9C%81" title="博爾古省">博尔古省</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚"><img alt="叙利亚" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">叙利亚</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%A3%AB%E9%9D%A9%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="大马士革省">大马士革省</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="義大利"><img alt="義大利" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E9%82%A3%E7%9C%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="拉丁那省(页面不存在)">拉丁那省</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="義大利"><img alt="義大利" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="坎帕尼亚大区">坎帕尼亚大区</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本"><img alt="日本" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%9B%E6%A0%B9%E5%8E%BF" title="岛根县">岛根县</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国"><img alt="大韩民国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国">韩国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%B0%9A%E5%8C%97%E9%81%93" title="庆尚北道">庆尚北道</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利"><img alt="匈牙利" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="佩斯州">佩斯州</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="主要领导"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E8.A6.81.E9.A2.86.E5.AF.BC"></span>主要领导</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=53" title="编辑章节:主要领导"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党宁夏回族自治区委员会">中国共产党宁夏回族自治区委员会</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="宁夏行政长官列表">宁夏行政长官列表</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; text-align:center"> <caption>宁夏回族自治区四大机构现任领导人 </caption> <tbody><tr class="nowrap"> <th>机构 </th> <th style="width:18%"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Danghui.svg/25px-Danghui.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Danghui.svg/38px-Danghui.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Danghui.svg/50px-Danghui.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党宁夏回族自治区委员会">中国共产党<br />宁夏回族自治区委员会</a> </th> <th style="width:18%"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="中华人民共和国国徽"><img alt="中华人民共和国国徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/25px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/38px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/50px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="宁夏回族自治区人民代表大会">宁夏回族自治区人民代表大会</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="宁夏回族自治区人民代表大会常务委员会">常务委员会</a> </th> <th style="width:18%"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="中华人民共和国国徽"><img alt="中华人民共和国国徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/25px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/38px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/50px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="宁夏回族自治区人民政府">宁夏回族自治区人民政府</a> </th> <th style="width:18%"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg/25px-Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg/38px-Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg/50px-Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="540" /></span></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%8F%E5%95%86%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国人民政治协商会议宁夏回族自治区委员会">中国人民政治协商会议<br />宁夏回族自治区委员会</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>职务</th> <th>书记</th> <th>主任</th> <th>主席</th> <th>主席 </th></tr> <tr> <th>姓名 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%82%91%E9%A3%9E" title="李邑飞">李邑飞</a><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E9%9B%A8%E6%B5%A6" title="张雨浦">张雨浦</a><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9B%8D" title="陈雍">陈雍</a><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>民族 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F" title="汉族">汉族</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F" title="回族">回族</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F" title="满族">满族</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>籍贯 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">云南省</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%B4%B1%E5%B8%82" title="普洱市">普洱市</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东省</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" title="济南市">济南市</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="辽宁">辽宁</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%95%87" class="mw-redirect" title="北镇">北镇</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>出生日期 </th> <td>1964年1月(60歲)</td> <td></td> <td>1962年8月(62歲)</td> <td>1966年10月(58歲) </td></tr> <tr> <th>就任日期 </th> <td>2024年6月</td> <td></td> <td>2022年5月</td> <td>2023年1月 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=54" title="编辑章节:注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">土地面积为<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="第二次全国土地调查">第二次全国土地调查</a>结果数据。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">常住人口为2020年<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="第七次全国人口普查">第七次全国人口普查</a>数据。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=55" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-09/12/content_5107579.htm">国务院关于银川市城市总体规划的批复</a>. 中国政府网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2016-10-10</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161022215336/http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-09/12/content_5107579.htm">存档</a>于2016-10-22).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E6%80%BB%E4%BD%93%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E5%A4%8D&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Fzhengce%2Fcontent%2F2016-09%2F12%2Fcontent_5107579.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nx.gov.cn/ssjn/nxgk/201707/t20170720_280065.html#t2">宁夏概况</a>. 宁夏回族自治区人民政府. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-01-02</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518091540/http://www.nx.gov.cn/ssjn/nxgk/201707/t20170720_280065.html#t2">存档</a>于2020-05-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nx.gov.cn%2Fssjn%2Fnxgk%2F201707%2Ft20170720_280065.html%23t2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2019-08/08/c_1210233480.htm">宁夏新能源利用率达97%以上</a>. 新华网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-03-15</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190814160456/http://www.xinhuanet.com/power/2019-08/08/c_1210233480.htm">存档</a>于2019-08-14).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%96%B0%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E7%8E%87%E8%BE%BE97%25%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fpower%2F2019-08%2F08%2Fc_1210233480.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">宁夏文物考古研究所. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nxkg.org.cn/index.php?m=content&amp;c=index&amp;a=show&amp;catid=26&amp;id=692">水洞沟遗址2019年发掘项目验收纪要</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-06-17</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200618022121/http://www.nxkg.org.cn/index.php?m=content&amp;c=index&amp;a=show&amp;catid=26&amp;id=692">存档</a>于2020-06-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E%E6%B2%9F%E9%81%97%E5%9D%802019%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%91%E6%8E%98%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E9%AA%8C%E6%94%B6%E7%BA%AA%E8%A6%81&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nxkg.org.cn%2Findex.php%3Fm%3Dcontent%26c%3Dindex%26a%3Dshow%26catid%3D26%26id%3D692&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">郭家龙; 王惠民; 彭菲. 宁夏鸽子山遗址发掘旧石器时代末期遗存. 中国文物报. 2015年5月22日.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%B8%BD%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80%E5%8F%91%E6%8E%98%E6%97%A7%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E6%9C%AB%E6%9C%9F%E9%81%97%E5%AD%98&amp;rft.au=%E5%BD%AD%E8%8F%B2&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E6%83%A0%E6%B0%91&amp;rft.au=%E9%83%AD%E5%AE%B6%E9%BE%99&amp;rft.date=2015-05-22&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">马文锋; 凌雁. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaogu.cn/cn/kaoguyuandi/kaogusuibi/2017/0904/59454.html">鸽子山考古验收记</a>. 宁夏日报. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-06-17</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200618043009/http://www.kaogu.cn/cn/kaoguyuandi/kaogusuibi/2017/0904/59454.html">存档</a>于2020-06-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%B8%BD%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E9%AA%8C%E6%94%B6%E8%AE%B0&amp;rft.au=%E5%87%8C%E9%9B%81&amp;rft.au=%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%87%E9%94%8B&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kaogu.cn%2Fcn%2Fkaoguyuandi%2Fkaogusuibi%2F2017%2F0904%2F59454.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nxbwg.com/a/85.html">朔色长天——第二部分 / 西戎春秋</a>. 宁夏博物馆. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-07-13</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200713131240/https://www.nxbwg.com/a/85.html">存档</a>于2020-07-13).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%9C%94%E8%89%B2%E9%95%BF%E5%A4%A9%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%83%A8%E5%88%86+%2F+%E8%A5%BF%E6%88%8E%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nxbwg.com%2Fa%2F85.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史记·卷110·匈奴列传·第五十》:秦昭王时,义渠戎王与宣太后乱,有二子。宣太后诈而杀义渠戎王于甘泉,遂起兵伐残义渠。于是秦有陇西、北地、上郡,築长城以拒胡。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">王仁芳. 宁夏明长城资源调查中三则新发现. 中国文物科学研究. 2012年, (3): 14-17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%98%8E%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%89%E5%88%99%E6%96%B0%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E4%BB%81%E8%8A%B3&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&amp;rft.pages=14-17&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史记·卷六·秦始皇本纪》:“二十七年,巡陇西、北地,出鸡头山,过回中”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史记·封禅书》:“湫渊,祠朝那。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《汉书·地理志》: “浑怀都尉,治塞外浑怀障。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">颜师古《水经注》:“二苑皆在(灵洲)北焉。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《史记·卷三〇·平准书》:“上北出萧关,从数万骑,猎新秦中,以勒边兵而归。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《汉书·匈奴列传》:“自朔方以西至令居,往往通渠,置田官。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《后汉书·郡国志五》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晋书·卷一百三十·载记第三十》:其年,讨鲜卑薛干等三部,破之,降众万数千。进讨姚兴三城已北诸戍,斩其将杨丕、姚石生等。诸将谏固险,不从,又复言于勃勃曰:“陛下将欲经营宇内,南取长安,宜先固根本,使人心有所凭系,然后大业可成。高平险固,山川沃饶,可以都也。”勃勃曰:“卿徒知其一,未知其二。吾大业草创,众旅未多,姚兴亦一时之雄,关中未可图也。且其诸镇用命,我若专固一城,彼必并力于我,众非其敌,亡可立待。吾以云骑风驰,出其不意,救前则击其后,救后则击其前,使彼疲于奔命,我则游食自若,不及十年,岭北、河东尽我有也。待姚兴死后,徐取长安。姚泓凡弱小儿,擒之方略,已在吾计中矣。昔轩辕氏亦迁居无常二十余年,岂独我乎!”于是侵掠岭北,岭北诸城门不昼启。兴叹曰:“吾不用黄儿之言,以至于此!”黄儿,姚邕小字也。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《太平御览·卷一百六十四·州郡部十·关西道·灵州》:“周宣政二年(应为周宣政元年,578年)破陈将吴明彻,迁其人于灵州。其江左之人,崇礼好学,习俗相化,因谓之‘塞北江南’”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(开皇元年)时发稽胡筑长城,汾州胡千余人,在涂亡叛。帝召冲问计,对曰:“夷狄之性,易为反覆,皆由牧宰不称之所致。臣请以理绥静,可不劳兵而定。”帝然之,命冲绥怀叛者,月余皆至,并赴长城之役……乃与故齐营州刺史高宝宁合兵为寇。隋主患之,敕缘边修保障,峻长城。《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7175" class="extiw" title="s:資治通鑑/卷175">资治通鉴·卷第一百七十五</a>》<br />(开皇五年)隋主使司农少卿崔仲方发丁三万,于朔方,灵武筑长城,东距河,西至绥州,绵历七百里,以遏胡寇……(开皇六年)复令崔仲方发丁十五万。于朔方以东,缘边险要,筑数十城……(开皇七年)发丁男十万余人修长城,二旬而罢。《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7176" class="extiw" title="s:資治通鑑/卷176">资治通鉴·卷第一百七十六</a>》<br />(大业三年)发丁男百余万筑长城,西距榆林,东至紫河,一旬而罢,死者十五六……(大业四年)秋七月辛巳,发丁男二十余万筑长城,自榆谷而东。《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="隋书">隋书</a>·<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E4%B9%A6/%E5%8D%B73" class="extiw" title="s:隋书/卷3">本纪第三</a>》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">。丰州司马唐休璟上言,以为:「丰州阻河为固,居贼冲要,自秦、汉已来,列为郡县,土宜耕牧。隋季丧乱,迁百姓于宁、庆二州,致胡虏深侵,以灵、夏为边境。《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7203" class="extiw" title="s:資治通鑑/卷203">资治通鉴·卷第二百三</a>》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《元和郡县图志》:“(贺兰)山之东,(黄)河之西,有平田数千顷,可引水灌溉。如尽收地利,足以赡给军储。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">宁志新. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/41454177.pdf">唐朝营田使初探</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 厦门大学学报 (哲社版). 1997年, (2) <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-07-19</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200817193010/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/41454177.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2020-08-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E8%90%A5%E7%94%B0%E4%BD%BF%E5%88%9D%E6%8E%A2&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%81%E5%BF%97%E6%96%B0&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%8E%A6%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5+%28%E5%93%B2%E7%A4%BE%E7%89%88%EF%BC%89&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F41454177.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">唐长孺《唐书兵志笺正·穆宗即位赦·京西、京北及振武、天德八道节度及都防御使》:振武、天德加以凤翔、邠宁、泾原、鄜坊、夏绥、灵盐并关内朔方所分,所谓八道节度也。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《西夏书事·卷六》:咸平六年春正月,保吉建都西平。此西夏建都之始。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史纪事本末》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/04/08/4/Document/391871/391871.htm">宁夏回族自治区的历史</a>. 国务院新闻办公室门户网站. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-06-04</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200604203341/http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/04/08/4/Document/391871/391871.htm">存档</a>于2020-06-04).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scio.gov.cn%2Fztk%2Fdtzt%2F04%2F08%2F4%2FDocument%2F391871%2F391871.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-西夏後期歷史-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-西夏後期歷史_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《西夏王國與東方金字塔》〈第四章 嬗變:從興盛到滅國〉 第122頁-第148頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">吴广成《西夏书事》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《新元史/卷048》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201151927/http://slt.nx.gov.cn/pub/NXSLBWG/ZCNR/QQLY/">郭公疏浚(元代水利)</a>. 宁夏水利博物馆. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-06-19</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slt.nx.gov.cn/pub/NXSLBWG/ZCNR/QQLY/">原始内容</a>存档于2020-12-01).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E9%83%AD%E5%85%AC%E7%96%8F%E6%B5%9A%EF%BC%88%E5%85%83%E4%BB%A3%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fslt.nx.gov.cn%2Fpub%2FNXSLBWG%2FZCNR%2FQQLY%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111109130335/http://www.tcm100.com/ShuJuKu/GuJinDiMingDuiZhao/zzDiMing825.htm">宁夏</a>. Tcm100.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-08-14</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm100.com/ShuJuKu/GuJinDiMingDuiZhao/zzDiMing825.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2011-11-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Tcm100.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tcm100.com%2FShuJuKu%2FGuJinDiMingDuiZhao%2FzzDiMing825.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-#1-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-#1_32-0"><sup><b>32.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-#1_32-1"><sup><b>32.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">明史·志第五十二·职官五</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《康熙朔方广武志》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref01-112-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ref01-112_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">李恩涵。同治年間陝甘回民事變中的主要戰役,第112頁。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">马伟. 举义宁夏:辛亥宁夏事纪. 新消息报.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%BE%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%EF%BC%9A%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E4%BA%8B%E7%BA%AA&amp;rft.au=%E9%A9%AC%E4%BC%9F&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E6%96%B0%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">王勇. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xhgmw.com/m/view.php?aid=761">宁夏起义</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-01-14</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311140323/http://www.xhgmw.com/m/view.php?aid=761">存档</a>于2021-03-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E5%8B%87&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xhgmw.com%2Fm%2Fview.php%3Faid%3D761&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1922年《地学杂志》第八、九期</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">张思源. 1920年海原大地震死亡人数考析. 西夏研究. 2013年第1期: 117-120.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=1920%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%B7%E5%8E%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B0%E8%80%83%E6%9E%90&amp;rft.au=%E5%BC%A0%E6%80%9D%E6%BA%90&amp;rft.chron=2013%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC1%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&amp;rft.pages=117-120&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinataiwan.org/zt/szzt/zzqcjz/xj/xzgk/200909/t20090903_990172.htm">宁夏回族自治区的历史</a>. Chinataiwan.org. 2009-09-03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-08-14</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100529170920/http://www.chinataiwan.org/zt/szzt/zzqcjz/xj/xzgk/200909/t20090903_990172.htm">存档</a>于2010-05-29).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&amp;rft.date=2009-09-03&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Chinataiwan.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinataiwan.org%2Fzt%2Fszzt%2Fzzqcjz%2Fxj%2Fxzgk%2F200909%2Ft20090903_990172.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banyuetan.org/tpgj/detail/20210726/1000200033137851627291026462909034_1.html">在这里,我们触摸宁夏工业历史</a>. 中共中央宣传部委托新华通讯社. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-11-02</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220311030237/http://www.banyuetan.org/tpgj/detail/20210726/1000200033137851627291026462909034_1.html">存档</a>于2022-03-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9C%A8%E8%BF%99%E9%87%8C%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E8%A7%A6%E6%91%B8%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AE%A3%E4%BC%A0%E9%83%A8%E5%A7%94%E6%89%98%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.banyuetan.org%2Ftpgj%2Fdetail%2F20210726%2F1000200033137851627291026462909034_1.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">中国社会科学网. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cssn.cn/zzx/zzxzt_zzx/nx/dsj/201808/t20180821_4546602_1.shtml">1968--1973年宁夏回族自治区大事记</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-11-02</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105163538/http://www.cssn.cn/zzx/zzxzt_zzx/nx/dsj/201808/t20180821_4546602_1.shtml">存档</a>于2021-11-05).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%BD%91&amp;rft.btitle=1968--1973%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E8%AE%B0&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cssn.cn%2Fzzx%2Fzzxzt_zzx%2Fnx%2Fdsj%2F201808%2Ft20180821_4546602_1.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cssn.cn/zzx/zzxzt_zzx/nx/dsj/201808/t20180821_4546590_1.shtml">1978--1983年宁夏回族自治区大事记</a>. 中国社会科学网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-11-02</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105085040/http://www.cssn.cn/zzx/zzxzt_zzx/nx/dsj/201808/t20180821_4546590_1.shtml">存档</a>于2021-11-05).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=1978--1983%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%8B%E8%AE%B0&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cssn.cn%2Fzzx%2Fzzxzt_zzx%2Fnx%2Fdsj%2F201808%2Ft20180821_4546590_1.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《太平御览·卷一百六十四·州郡部十·关西道·灵州》:周破陈将吴明彻,迁其人于灵州。其江左之人,崇礼好学,习俗相化,因谓之‘塞北江南’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">唐朝韦蟾《送卢潘尚书之灵武》:“贺兰山下果园成,塞北江南旧有名。” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">杨文笔. 宁夏南部山区“都哇师”的类型、传承与功能. 《文化遗产》. 2010 年, (第 1 期): 117-124 页.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E5%B1%B1%E5%8C%BA%E2%80%9C%E9%83%BD%E5%93%87%E5%B8%88%E2%80%9D%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E3%80%81%E4%BC%A0%E6%89%BF%E4%B8%8E%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%A8%E6%96%87%E7%AC%94&amp;rft.chron=2010+%E5%B9%B4&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=%E7%AC%AC+1+%E6%9C%9F&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.pages=117-124+%E9%A1%B5&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(明)王业《美利渠记》:行兵粮道臬佥谢公移檄改浚,委参将傅良材,防卫综理屯田;都指挥张麟图,提调宁夏前卫指挥王范,职管工本;卫指痒何天衢、冯世勋职赞襄,命丁三千人以赴工。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230601081335/https://tj.nx.gov.cn/tjsj_htr/tjgb_htr/202304/t20230426_4046882.html">宁夏回族自治区统计局</a>. tj.nx.gov.cn. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-10-07</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tj.nx.gov.cn/tjsj_htr/tjgb_htr/202304/t20230426_4046882.html">原始内容</a>存档于2023-06-01).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=tj.nx.gov.cn&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftj.nx.gov.cn%2Ftjsj_htr%2Ftjgb_htr%2F202304%2Ft20230426_4046882.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">国务院第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm">中国人口普查年鉴-2020</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-07-26</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230512190635/http://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/pcsj/rkpc/7rp/zk/indexch.htm">存档</a>于2023-05-12).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E5%B0%8F%E7%BB%84%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4&amp;rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B4-2020&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fsj%2Fpcsj%2Frkpc%2F7rp%2Fzk%2Findexch.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_49-0"><sup><b>49.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_49-1"><sup><b>49.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_49-2"><sup><b>49.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_49-3"><sup><b>49.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_49-4"><sup><b>49.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">宁夏自治区统计局、国家统计局宁夏调查总队. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nxdata.com.cn/files_nx_pub/html/tjnj/2019/indexfiles/indexch.htm?1=1">宁夏统计年鉴(2019)</a>. 中国统计出版社、北京数通电子出版社. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200709021230/http://nxdata.com.cn/files_nx_pub/html/tjnj/2019/indexfiles/indexch.htm?1=1">存档</a>于2020-07-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E3%80%81%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B4%EF%BC%882019%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE%E3%80%81%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E6%95%B0%E9%80%9A%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnxdata.com.cn%2Ffiles_nx_pub%2Fhtml%2Ftjnj%2F2019%2Findexfiles%2Findexch.htm%3F1%3D1&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">司马迁《史记·平淮书》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">郦道元《水经注·河水注》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《魏书·刁雍传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《册府元龟》引《太平寰宇记》:“后周宣政二年破陈将吴明彻,迁其人于灵州。其江左(东)之人尚礼好学,习俗相化,因谓之塞北江南。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《新唐书·地理志》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《续资治通鉴》:灭西夏,蒙古尽克夏城邑,其民穿凿土石,以避锋镝,免者百无一二,白骨蔽野。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明世宗实录》:“徙他方之民以实宁夏,其中吴楚人最多。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">国家民委网站. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/guoqing/2015-03/18/content_2835611.htm">回族人口</a>. 中国政府网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-03-10</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190401120156/http://www.gov.cn/guoqing/2015-03/18/content_2835611.htm">存档</a>于2019-04-01).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&amp;rft.au=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%B0%91%E5%A7%94%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%BD%91&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Fguoqing%2F2015-03%2F18%2Fcontent_2835611.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100628202606/http://www.nx.xinhuanet.com/special/no1/2006-03/03/content_6377154.htm">宁夏人口情况</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2010-05-19</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nx.xinhuanet.com/special/no1/2006-03/03/content_6377154.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2010-06-28).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nx.xinhuanet.com%2Fspecial%2Fno1%2F2006-03%2F03%2Fcontent_6377154.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010-Islam-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2010-Islam_59-0"><sup><b>59.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010-Islam_59-1"><sup><b>59.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Min Junqing. <i>The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China</i>. JISMOR, 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf">2010 Islam by province, page 29</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170427140204/https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>). Data from: Yang Zongde, <i>Study on Current Muslim Population in China</i>, Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wang2015-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_60-0"><sup><b>60.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_60-1"><sup><b>60.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">China General Social Survey 2004. Report by: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1">Xiuhua Wang (2015, p. 15)</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《神僧传·卷八·永乐御制神僧传序及无漏何解》:释无漏。姓金氏。新罗国王之次子也。少附海舰达于中华。欲游五竺礼佛八塔。既渡沙漠涉于阗已西。至葱岭入大伽蓝。……群僧语之曰。观师化缘合在唐土。心存化物所利滋多。足倦游方空加闻见不可强化。师所知乎。漏意其贤圣之言必无唐发。如是却回。临行谓漏曰。逢兰即住。所还之路山名兰。乃马前记遂入其中。得贺兰山白草谷结茅栖止。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">贊寧《宋高僧传·卷一》:“至德初,鑾駕在靈武、鳳翔。空常密奉表起居,肅宗亦密遣使者求祕密法。洎收京反正之日,事如所料”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">赵朴初《正本清源:赵朴初谈寺观的属性、职能和归属》:宁夏银川承天寺是西夏时所建的古刹,历来是宁夏佛教徒进行宗教活动的场所,“文革”前由中国佛教协会理事戒成法师主持该寺。“文革”中僧人被逐,寺庙被文物部门充做博物馆。近几年来,自治区佛教界的代表联名上诉自治区的领导部门和国务院主管部门,强烈要求归还承天寺。自治区宗教局也向自治区人民政府写了报告,要求归还该寺做佛教徒的宗教活动场所。但自治区文化厅在给宗教局的答复意见中指责宗教局“被宗教界人士的意见左右”,“不顾历史事实”,“编造谎言”,“附会中央1982年19号文件”,“欺骗政府,制造索要承天寺的借口”,等等,拒不归还。可是文物部门却在那里做什么呢?他们将僧人拒之山门之外,却在这个庄严古刹的大殿前开辟游乐场所,设置碰碰车。请看照片。这哪里是保护文物?完全是践踏文物,亵渎宗教,不择手段地捞钱!</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.douban.com/group/topic/79964495/">文物部门占据的上千座寺观</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-01-19</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518091525/https://www.douban.com/group/topic/79964495/">存档</a>于2020-05-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E9%83%A8%E9%97%A8%E5%8D%A0%E6%8D%AE%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%83%E5%BA%A7%E5%AF%BA%E8%A7%82&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.douban.com%2Fgroup%2Ftopic%2F79964495%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史·夏國傳》:尊孔子為文宣帝,令州郡悉立廟祀,殿庭宏敞,並如帝制。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史·夏国传下》:“尊孔子为文宣帝。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">李华瑞. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sinoss.net/qikan/uploadfile/2012/0606/20120606103056107.pdf">关于西夏儒学研究中的几个问题</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 西夏学. 2010 年 9 月, <b>第 6 辑</b>: 109–115 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-05-27</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200528144424/https://www.sinoss.net/qikan/uploadfile/2012/0606/20120606103056107.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2020-05-28).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%84%92%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%AA%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98&amp;rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E5%8D%8E%E7%91%9E&amp;rft.chron=2010+%E5%B9%B4+9+%E6%9C%88&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A6&amp;rft.pages=109-115&amp;rft.volume=%E7%AC%AC+6+%E8%BE%91&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinoss.net%2Fqikan%2Fuploadfile%2F2012%2F0606%2F20120606103056107.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">郭永龍. 趣聞寧夏. 旅游教育出版社. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787563715671" title="Special:网络书源/9787563715671"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787563715671</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%83%AD%E6%B0%B8%E9%BE%8D&amp;rft.btitle=%E8%B6%A3%E8%81%9E%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787563715671&amp;rft.pub=%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《清世宗实录·卷 94》:“回民之在中国,其来已久,但既为国家编氓,即皆为国家赤子也。朕临御天下,一视同仁,岂忍令回民独处德化之外……至回民之为一教,乃其先代相沿之土俗,亦犹中国之大,五方风气不齐,习尚因之各异,其来已久矣。历观前代,亦未通行禁约,强其画一也。“</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">孙振玉; 孙嫱. 伊斯兰教与构建和谐回族社会. 中央编译局. 2015年6月11日.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E5%AD%99%E5%AB%B1&amp;rft.au=%E5%AD%99%E6%8C%AF%E7%8E%89&amp;rft.btitle=%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%90%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A&amp;rft.date=2015-06-11&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宁灵厅志草》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cass01-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cass01_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">黄正林。<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jds.cass.cn/Item/7752_2.aspx">同治回民事变后黄河上游区域的人口与社会经济</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160609231438/http://jds.cass.cn/Item/7752_2.aspx">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>),《史学月刊》2008年第10期。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese_news/2012/01/120102_china_ningxia_clash">宁夏据报发生警民冲突事件</a>. BBC News. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2013-02-19</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518091534/https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese_news/2012/01/120102_china_ningxia_clash">存档</a>于2020-05-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%8D%AE%E6%8A%A5%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E8%AD%A6%E6%B0%91%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fzhongwen%2Fsimp%2Fchinese_news%2F2012%2F01%2F120102_china_ningxia_clash&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfi.fr/cn/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD/20180810-%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E9%9F%A6%E5%B7%9E%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA%E6%88%90%E4%B8%BA%E8%AD%A6%E6%B0%91%E5%AF%B9%E5%B3%99%E8%88%9E%E5%8F%B0%E8%88%86%E8%AE%BA%E6%8B%85%E5%BF%83%E9%85%BF%E8%A1%80">宁夏同心韦州清真大寺成为警民对峙舞台舆论担心酿血</a>. 法国国际广播电台. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-11-10</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200518091541/http://www.rfi.fr/cn/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD/20180810-%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E9%9F%A6%E5%B7%9E%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA%E6%88%90%E4%B8%BA%E8%AD%A6%E6%B0%91%E5%AF%B9%E5%B3%99%E8%88%9E%E5%8F%B0%E8%88%86%E8%AE%BA%E6%8B%85%E5%BF%83%E9%85%BF%E8%A1%80">存档</a>于2020-05-18).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E9%9F%A6%E5%B7%9E%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AF%BA%E6%88%90%E4%B8%BA%E8%AD%A6%E6%B0%91%E5%AF%B9%E5%B3%99%E8%88%9E%E5%8F%B0%E8%88%86%E8%AE%BA%E6%8B%85%E5%BF%83%E9%85%BF%E8%A1%80&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.fr%2Fcn%2F%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259B%25BD%2F20180810-%25E5%25AE%2581%25E5%25A4%258F%25E5%2590%258C%25E5%25BF%2583%25E9%259F%25A6%25E5%25B7%259E%25E6%25B8%2585%25E7%259C%259F%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%25AF%25BA%25E6%2588%2590%25E4%25B8%25BA%25E8%25AD%25A6%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%25AF%25B9%25E5%25B3%2599%25E8%2588%259E%25E5%258F%25B0%25E8%2588%2586%25E8%25AE%25BA%25E6%258B%2585%25E5%25BF%2583%25E9%2585%25BF%25E8%25A1%2580&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《马可·波罗游记》:宁夏王国,仍属于唐古多省,受大汗的管治。这个区域中有许多城市和城堡,最重要的城市叫作卡拉沙。居民大都是偶像崇拜者,可是聂斯托利派的基督教教徒同样有三个教堂。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[英]阿·克·穆尔《一五五零年前的中国基督教史》第161页:”大概在宁夏,中兴(府)位于黄河岸。“</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%E6%B1%97%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="伊尔汗国">伊尔汗国</a>佚名著,朱炳旭译《拉班·扫马和马克西行记》第三章:他们从科尚前往唐古特之城(Tangut,即西夏。唐古特之城即今宁夏银川),该城百姓得知此二人要前往耶路撒冷,不分男女老幼,都出城前去迎接。唐古特之民都是热忱的信徒,他们思想纯洁。他们送给两僧各种礼物,随后一大群人护送他们上路,哭泣道:“上帝选择你们为他的荣耀服务,愿他与你们同在,阿门。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">宁夏通志编纂委员会. 宁夏通志•民族宗教卷. 北京: 方志出版社. 2010: 305. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787802388314" title="Special:网络书源/9787802388314"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787802388314</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%E7%BC%96%E7%BA%82%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%E2%80%A2%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%8D%B7&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787802388314&amp;rft.pages=305&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E6%96%B9%E5%BF%97%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">刘继华. 基督教與伊斯蘭教在寧夏的早期相遇–兼論晚清時期基督教在寧夏的傳播. 北方民族大学学报. 2014, (2): 303.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E8%88%87%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E7%9B%B8%E9%81%87%E2%80%93%E5%85%BC%E8%AB%96%E6%99%9A%E6%B8%85%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9A%84%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E7%BB%A7%E5%8D%8E&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft.pages=303&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">中国第一历史档案馆; 北京师范大学历史系. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.it/books/about/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%89%8D%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%B4%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%98%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E5%8F%B2.html?id=ReuEAAAAIAAJ&amp;redir_esc=y">辛亥革命前十年间民变档案史料</a>. 中华书局. 1988 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-05-28</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200528144437/https://books.google.it/books/about/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%89%8D%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%B4%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%98%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E5%8F%B2.html?id=ReuEAAAAIAAJ&amp;redir_esc=y">存档</a>于2020-05-28).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86&amp;rft.au=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%88%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E7%B3%BB&amp;rft.btitle=%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%89%8D%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E9%97%B4%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%98%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E5%8F%B2%E6%96%99&amp;rft.date=1988&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.it%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2F%25E8%25BE%259B%25E4%25BA%25A5%25E9%259D%25A9%25E5%2591%25BD%25E5%2589%258D%25E5%258D%2581%25E5%25B9%25B4%25E9%2597%25B4%25E6%25B0%2591%25E5%258F%2598%25E6%25A1%25A3%25E6%25A1%2588%25E5%258F%25B2.html%3Fid%3DReuEAAAAIAAJ%26redir_esc%3Dy&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YCDFZ-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-YCDFZ_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web">银川市地方志办公室. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gospeltimes.breadoflife.cn/index.php/portal/article/index/id/36718">宁夏银川市基督教历史简介</a>. 银川方志网&amp;福音时报. 2016-09-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%BF%97%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B&amp;rft.date=2016-09-29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E6%96%B9%E5%BF%97%E7%BD%91%26%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgospeltimes.breadoflife.cn%2Findex.php%2Fportal%2Farticle%2Findex%2Fid%2F36718&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-He2016-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-He2016_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">何夕 (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gospeltimes.breadoflife.cn/article/index/id/36368">宁夏首府银川基督教堂之一——西夏区基督教堂</a>. 福音时报. 2016-09-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E4%BD%95%E5%A4%95&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%A6%96%E5%BA%9C%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%80%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82&amp;rft.date=2016-09-21&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgospeltimes.breadoflife.cn%2Farticle%2Findex%2Fid%2F36368&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《大秦景教流行中国碑》:肃宗文明皇帝,于灵武等五郡,重立㬌寺。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xzqh.mca.gov.cn/statistics/2022.html">中华人民共和国2022年行政区划统计表</a>. 中华人民共和国民政部. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-09-22</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230922204513/http://xzqh.mca.gov.cn/statistics/2022.html">存档</a>于2023-09-22).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD2022%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E8%A1%A8&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxzqh.mca.gov.cn%2Fstatistics%2F2022.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113603/http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html">中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码</a>. 中华人民共和国民政部. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-08-18</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html">原始内容</a>存档于2015-04-02).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles2.mca.gov.cn%2Fcws%2F201502%2F20150225163817214.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tj.nx.gov.cn/tjsj_htr/tjgb_htr/202105/t20210525_2854299.html">宁夏回族自治区第七次全国人口普查公报(第二号)</a>. 宁夏回族自治区统计局. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2021-09-22</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211022133906/http://tj.nx.gov.cn/tjsj_htr/tjgb_htr/202105/t20210525_2854299.html">存档</a>于2021-10-22).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftj.nx.gov.cn%2Ftjsj_htr%2Ftjgb_htr%2F202105%2Ft20210525_2854299.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">中华人民共和国民政部. 《中国民政统计年鉴2014》. 中国统计出版社. August 2014. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-5037-7130-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-5037-7130-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-7-5037-7130-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8&amp;rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B42014%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2014-08&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-7-5037-7130-9&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">宁夏回族自治区2010年GDP初步核算数:来源于<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nxtj.gov.cn/tjgb/201103240013.htm">2010年宁夏回族自治区国民经济和社会发展统计公报</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120118195111/http://www.nxtj.gov.cn/tjgb/201103240013.htm">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2007年度<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">各省级行政区</a>GDP数据来源于<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://219.235.129.54/cx/table/table.jsp">国家统计数据库,《2007年地区生产总值(摘要版)》</a> <a href="/wiki/Archive.is" title="Archive.is">Archive.is</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20080510120443/http://219.235.129.54/cx/table/table.jsp">存檔</a>,存档日期2008-05-10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">宁夏回族自治区人民政府网站. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neac.gov.cn/seac/c102560/201809/1127471.shtml">宁夏回族自治区概况</a>. 国家民委网站. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-10-24</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201219163340/http://www.neac.gov.cn/seac/c102560/201809/1127471.shtml">存档</a>于2020-12-19).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.au=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%B0%91%E5%A7%94%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neac.gov.cn%2Fseac%2Fc102560%2F201809%2F1127471.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史》:“其地饶五谷,尤宜稻麦”的记载</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">姜雪城. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2008-09/22/content_1101774.htm">宁夏辉煌50年</a>. 中央政府门户网站. 新华社. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-05-30</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080925010428/http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2008-09/22/content_1101774.htm">存档</a>于2008-09-25).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%BE%89%E7%85%8C50%E5%B9%B4&amp;rft.au=%E5%A7%9C%E9%9B%AA%E5%9F%8E&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Fjrzg%2F2008-09%2F22%2Fcontent_1101774.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grin-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grin_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109045754/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?22939">GRIN Taxonomy for <i>Lycium barbarum</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network(页面不存在)">Germplasm Resources Information Network</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-10-24</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?22939">原始内容</a>存档于2013-11-09).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=GRIN+Taxonomy+for+Lycium+barbarum&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+Agriculture+Germplasm+Resources+Information+Network&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ars-grin.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fnpgs%2Fhtml%2Ftaxon.pl%3F22939&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.duzui360.com/?p=968">宁夏葡萄酒“蝶变” 树贺兰山东麓产区形象</a>. 读醉. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-10-24</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311140457/http://www.duzui360.com/?p=968">存档</a>于2021-03-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E9%85%92%E2%80%9C%E8%9D%B6%E5%8F%98%E2%80%9D+%E6%A0%91%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E9%BA%93%E4%BA%A7%E5%8C%BA%E5%BD%A2%E8%B1%A1&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E8%AF%BB%E9%86%89&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.duzui360.com%2F%3Fp%3D968&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgham/chn/zgzt/xbdkf/t228203.htm">宁夏回族自治区概况</a>. 中华人民共和国驻汉堡总领馆. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-07-14</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717041701/https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgham/chn/zgzt/xbdkf/t228203.htm">存档</a>于2020-07-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%A9%BB%E6%B1%89%E5%A0%A1%E6%80%BB%E9%A2%86%E9%A6%86&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fmprc.gov.cn%2Fce%2Fcgham%2Fchn%2Fzgzt%2Fxbdkf%2Ft228203.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">:“灵洲,惠帝四年(公元前191年)置。有河奇苑、号非苑,莽曰令周。师古曰:'苑谓马牧也。水中可居曰洲。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《元和郡县图志》:“监牧,贞观中自京师赤岸泽移马牧于秦、渭二州之北,会州之南,兰州狄道之西,置监牧使以掌其事。仍以原州刺史为都监牧使,以管四使。南使在原州西南一百八十里,西使在临洮军西二百二十里,北使寄理原州城内,东宫使寄理原州城内。天宝中,诸使共有五十监:南使管十八监;西使管十六监;北使管七监;东宫使管九监</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">陈耀林, 金利华. 铅华黛色:华雅斋藏闺秀书画集. 北京: Beijing Book Co. Inc. 2018. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7531092077" title="Special:网络书源/7531092077"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;7531092077</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%99%88%E8%80%80%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%8C+%E9%87%91%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%8E&amp;rft.btitle=%E9%93%85%E5%8D%8E%E9%BB%9B%E8%89%B2%3A%E5%8D%8E%E9%9B%85%E6%96%8B%E8%97%8F%E9%97%BA%E7%A7%80%E4%B9%A6%E7%94%BB%E9%9B%86&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=7531092077&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=Beijing+Book+Co.+Inc.&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史》:“西夏凡正军给长生马、驼各一</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hnnzh.com/plus/view.php?aid=201">宁夏回族自治区农业概况</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2020-10-24</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311140550/http://hnnzh.com/plus/view.php?aid=201">存档</a>于2021-03-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhnnzh.com%2Fplus%2Fview.php%3Faid%3D201&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.sina.com.cn/china/2000-07-14/107639.html">国务院禁采禁售发菜令今天生效</a>. 南方网. 2000-07-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-06-05</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152514/http://news.sina.com.cn/china/2000-07-14/107639.html">存档</a>于2019-06-05).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E7%A6%81%E9%87%87%E7%A6%81%E5%94%AE%E5%8F%91%E8%8F%9C%E4%BB%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%A4%A9%E7%94%9F%E6%95%88&amp;rft.date=2000-07-14&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.sina.com.cn%2Fchina%2F2000-07-14%2F107639.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://finance.sina.com.cn/news/2000-07-18/42041.html">中国最大发菜集散市场关闭</a>. 新浪财经. 2000-07-18 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-06-05</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190605152508/http://finance.sina.com.cn/news/2000-07-18/42041.html">存档</a>于2019-06-05).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%8F%91%E8%8F%9C%E9%9B%86%E6%95%A3%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E5%85%B3%E9%97%AD&amp;rft.date=2000-07-18&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffinance.sina.com.cn%2Fnews%2F2000-07-18%2F42041.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">靳赫; 任玮. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2018-09/11/c_1123414101.htm">宁夏“五宝”之变</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%A4%BE" title="新华社">新华社</a>. 2018-09-11 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2019-06-05</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200403070910/http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2018-09/11/c_1123414101.htm">存档</a>于2020-04-03).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.au=%E9%9D%B3%E8%B5%AB%3B+%E4%BB%BB%E7%8E%AE&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E2%80%9C%E4%BA%94%E5%AE%9D%E2%80%9D%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98&amp;rft.date=2018-09-11&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018-09%2F11%2Fc_1123414101.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lhttps://xinwen.bjd.com.cn/content/s667e3741e4b06541a2dedc02.html">李邑飞任宁夏回族自治区党委书记</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E6%9D%8E%E9%82%91%E9%A3%9E%E4%BB%BB%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%9A%E5%A7%94%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flhttps%3A%2F%2Fxinwen.bjd.com.cn%2Fcontent%2Fs667e3741e4b06541a2dedc02.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ldzl.people.com.cn/dfzlk/front/personPage4201.htm">张雨浦 简历</a>. 人民网地方领导资料库. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2022-05-06</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817181915/https://ldzl.people.com.cn/dfzlk/front/personPage4201.htm">存档</a>于2022-08-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%BC%A0%E9%9B%A8%E6%B5%A6+%E7%AE%80%E5%8E%86&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%E5%BA%93&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fldzl.people.com.cn%2Fdfzlk%2Ffront%2FpersonPage4201.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nxzx.gov.cn/zxgk/zxld/202301/t20230115_678366.html">陈雍 简历</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;rft.btitle=%E9%99%88%E9%9B%8D+%E7%AE%80%E5%8E%86&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nxzx.gov.cn%2Fzxgk%2Fzxld%2F202301%2Ft20230115_678366.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=56" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相关的多媒体资源:<b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ningxia?uselang=zh">宁夏回族自治区</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nx.gov.cn/">宁夏回族自治区人民政府</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20221004122845/https://www.nx.gov.cn/">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=57" title="编辑章节:参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="Portal:中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xixia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xixia.jpg/32px-Xixia.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xixia.jpg/48px-Xixia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Xixia.jpg/64px-Xixia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" title="Portal:宁夏">宁夏主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="宁夏历史">宁夏历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="河套文化(页面不存在)">河套文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F" title="西夏">西夏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" title="西夏中興行省">西夏中兴行省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華人民共和國)">寧夏省 (中華人民共和國)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華民國)">寧夏省 (中華民國)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%81%93" title="宁夏道">宁夏道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BA%9C" title="宁夏府">宁夏府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%BA%9C%E8%B7%AF" title="宁夏府路">宁夏府路</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <table class="noprint metadata" style="border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; background: #f8f9fa; text-align: center; width:80%; font-size:80%; margin:0.5em auto"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:0%; padding-right:5px" rowspan="5"><figure class="mw-halign-center skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/50px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/75px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/100px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a><br /> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a> </td> <td style="width:0%; padding-left:5px" rowspan="5"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/50px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/75px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Compass_rose_pale.svg/100px-Compass_rose_pale.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="width:33%"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="北"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/17px-North.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/26px-North.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/North.svg/34px-North.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span></span> </td> <td style="width:33%" rowspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="西"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/17px-West.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/26px-West.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/West.svg/34px-West.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span><figcaption>西</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:0%; text-align: center" nowrap="nowrap">&#160; <b>宁夏回族自治区</b> &#160; </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="東"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Boxed_East_arrow.svg/17px-Boxed_East_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Boxed_East_arrow.svg/26px-Boxed_East_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Boxed_East_arrow.svg/34px-Boxed_East_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span><figcaption>東</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="南"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/17px-South.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/26px-South.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/South.svg/34px-South.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="17" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a> </td> <td style="width:33%"><br /> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西省</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:","}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:";"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=&amp;#124;link=&amp;#124;class=notpageimage_中华人民共和国一级行政区" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级行政区"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template talk:中华人民共和国省级行政区"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中华人民共和国省级行政区"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x20px&amp;#124;border_&amp;#124;alt=&amp;#124;link=&amp;#124;class=notpageimage_中华人民共和国一级行政区" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">一级行政区</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="中华人民共和国首都">首都</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京市</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">23 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="省 (中華人民共和國)">省</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E7%9C%81" title="辽宁省">辽宁省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81" title="吉林省">吉林省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江省">黑龙江省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江苏省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建省</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">广东省</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a><sup>1</sup>&#160;<sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">贵州省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">云南省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81" title="青海省">青海省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)"><span style="color:grey;">台湾省</span></a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_blank_province_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="中国国旗"><img alt="中国国旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/100px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/150px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/200px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">5 <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="自治区">自治区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">广西壮族自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏自治区</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏回族自治区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆维吾尔自治区</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">4 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82" title="直辖市">直辖市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重庆市</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap">2 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="特别行政区">特别行政区</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/25px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/38px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/50px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港特别行政区</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Macau.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/25px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/38px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/50px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳门特别行政区</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"><div>注1:<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)">台湾省</a>絕大部分(钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿除外),<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建省</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="金門群島">金門</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%96%E5%88%97%E5%B3%B6" title="馬祖列島">馬祖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%9D%B5%E9%84%89" title="烏坵鄉">烏坵</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">广东省</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="東沙群島">東沙</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="南沙群島">南沙群島</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%B3%B6" title="太平島">太平島</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B4%B2%E7%A4%81" title="中洲礁">中洲礁</a>现由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>实际控制。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)">台湾省</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A3%E9%AD%9A%E8%87%BA%E5%88%97%E5%B6%BC" title="釣魚臺列嶼">钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿</a>现由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>双重控制。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A9%E5%88%B6%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="一國兩制臺灣方案">一國兩制臺灣方案</a>中有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%88%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="台湾特别行政区">台湾特别行政区构想</a>。參阅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B5%B7%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80" class="mw-redirect" title="台海現狀">台海現狀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%B2%B8%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="兩岸問題">兩岸問題</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%93%E9%B1%BC%E5%B2%9B%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%99%84%E5%B1%9E%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" class="mw-redirect" title="钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿主权问题">钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿主权问题</a>。 <p>注2:<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a>部分区域现由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律宾</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a>实际控制,參阅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E8%AF%B8%E5%B2%9B" title="南海诸岛">南海诸岛</a>。 </p><p>注3:<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏自治区</a>部分区域现由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E4%B8%B9" title="不丹">不丹</a>实际控制,參阅<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="中印边界问题">中印边界问题</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%8D%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="中不边界争议">中不边界争议</a>。 </p><p>注4:本模板行政区划参考中国政府网2005年6月15日公布的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/guoqing/2005-09/13/content_5043917.htm">中华人民共和国行政区划</a>。 </p> 参阅:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">中华人民共和国行政区划</a>、<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动">省级以上行政区变动</a>、<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%89%AF%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国副省级行政区">副省级行政区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表">县级以上行政区列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="中华人民共和国省级行政区领导人">中华人民共和国省级行政区领导人</a>。<br /><hr /><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">区划</a>索引:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="Template:中华人民共和国行政区划单位">单位</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码">代码</a>)</small>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级行政区">省级</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动">史</a>)</small>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%89%AF%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国副省级行政区"><small>(副省级)</small></a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国地级以上行政区">地级</a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表">县级</a>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:北京行政区划">京</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:天津行政区划">津</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河北行政区划">冀</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山西行政区划">晋</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:内蒙古行政区划">蒙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:辽宁行政区划">辽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:吉林行政区划">吉</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:黑龙江行政区划">黑</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:上海行政区划">沪</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江苏行政区划">苏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:浙江行政区划">浙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:安徽行政区划">皖</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:福建行政区划">闽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江西行政区划">赣</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山东行政区划">鲁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河南行政区划">豫</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖北行政区划">鄂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖南行政区划">湘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广东行政区划">粤</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广西行政区划">桂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:海南行政区划">琼</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:重庆行政区划">渝</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:四川行政区划">川</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:贵州行政区划">贵</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:云南行政区划">云</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:西藏行政区划">藏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:陕西行政区划">陕</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:甘肃行政区划">甘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:青海行政区划">青</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:宁夏行政区划">宁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:新疆行政区划">新</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%80" title="Template:香港十八區">港</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Template:澳門行政區劃">澳</a>|<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)">台</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="中国共产党解放区及中华人民共和国省级及以上或直辖行政区变动" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template talk:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中国共产党解放区及中华人民共和国省级及以上或直辖行政区变动" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="中国共产党">中国共产党</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%BA" title="解放区">解放区</a>及中华人民共和国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省级及以上或直辖行政区</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92#区划沿革" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">变动</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E5%8F%8A%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8%E6%83%85%E5%86%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="中华人民共和国省级及以上行政区变动情况(页面不存在)">变动情况</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已撤销<br />6 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="大行政区">大行政区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="华北行政委员会">华北行政区 (1948–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="东北大行政区">东北行政区 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="华东行政委员会">华东行政区 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中南大行政区">中南行政区 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="西北行政委员会">西北行政区 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="西南行政委员会">西南行政区 (1949–1954)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">撤销後复设<br />2 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="直辖市 (中华人民共和国)">直辖市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市"><u>天津市</u> (1949–1958; 1967–)</a> <small><i>(1958-1967属河北省省辖市)</i></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市"><u>重庆市</u> (1949–1954; 1997–)</a> <small><i>(1954-1997属四川省省辖市)</i></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已撤销<br />11 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="直辖市 (中华人民共和国)">直辖市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="沈阳市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)"><u>沈阳市</u> (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%8D%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="鞍山市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)">鞍山市 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%9A%E9%A1%BA%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="抚顺市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)">撫順市 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E6%BA%AA%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="本溪市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)">本溪市 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="南京市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)"><u>南京市</u> (1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="武汉市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)">武汉市 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="西安市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)"><u>西安市</u> (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="广州市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)"><u>广州市</u> (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%82" title="旅大市">旅大市 (1950–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%E6%BB%A8%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="哈尔滨市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)"><u>哈尔滨市</u> (1953–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E6%98%A5%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B4%E8%BE%96%E5%B8%82)" title="长春市 (中华人民共和国直辖市)">長春市 (1953–1954)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已撤销<br />14 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="省 (中華人民共和國)">省</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="东北大行政区">东北区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8D%80)" title="遼北省 (解放區)"><u>遼北省</u> (1945–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%BA)" title="合江省 (解放区)"><u>合江省</u> (1945–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8D%80)" title="安東省 (解放區)"><u>安東省</u> (1945–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A9%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%BA)" title="嫩江省 (解放区)"><u>嫩江省</u> (1945–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="松江省 (中华人民共和国)"><u>松江省</u> (1945–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%8F%E5%AF%A7%E7%9C%81" title="綏寧省">綏寧省 (1945–1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="吉江省">吉江省 (1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="吉辽省">吉辽省 (1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%88%E5%AE%89%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8D%80)" title="興安省 (解放區)"><u>興安省</u> (1946–1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="辽南省">辽南省 (1946–1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%AB%A9%E6%B1%9F%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江嫩江联合省">黑嫩省 (1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A1%E4%B8%B9%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%BA)" title="牡丹江省 (解放区)">牡丹江省 (1947–1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="辽东省">辽东省 (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="辽西省">辽西省 (1949–1954)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华北地区">华北区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%8F%E9%81%A0%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="綏遠省 (中華人民共和國)"><u>绥远省</u> (1949–1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="察哈爾省 (中華人民共和國)"><u>察哈尔省</u> (1945-1946; 1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B2%B3%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="熱河省 (中華人民共和國)"><u>热河省</u> (1945–1955)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E7%9C%81" title="平原省">平原省 (1949–1952)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="西南大行政区">西南区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BA%B7%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="西康省 (中华人民共和国)"><u>西康省</u> (1950–1955)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已撤销<br />11 <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="行政区 (中华人民共和国)">省级行署区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%BD%B2%E5%8C%BA" title="旅大行署区">旅大行署区 (1949–1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="陕南行政区">陕南行政区 (1948–1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="陕北行政区">陕北行政区 (1949–1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="苏北行政区">苏北行政区 (1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="苏南行政区">苏南行政区 (1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%96%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="皖北行政区">皖北行政区 (1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%96%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="皖南行政区">皖南行政区 (1949–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="川东行政区">川东行政区 (1950–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="川南行政区">川南行政区 (1950–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="川西行政区">川西行政区 (1950–1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="川北行政区">川北行政区 (1950–1952)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已撤銷直辖<br />1 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%85%AC%E7%BD%B2" title="地区行政公署">地區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E9%83%BD%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7)" title="昌都地区 (省级)">昌都地區 (1950–1955)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">调整组建<br />5 <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">自治区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="内蒙古自治政府"><u>内蒙古自治政府</u> (1947–1949)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="廣西省 (中華人民共和國)"><u>廣西省</u> (1950–1958)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西僮族自治區 (1958–1965) → 廣西壯族自治區</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華人民共和國)"><u>寧夏省</u> (1949–1954)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E4%B8%93%E5%8C%BA" title="银川专区">甘肅省銀川專區 (1954–1958)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">寧夏回族自治區</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="新疆省 (中华人民共和国)"><u>新疆省</u> (1949–1955)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆維吾爾自治區</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="西藏地方"><u>西藏地方</u> (1950–1965)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏自治區</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">新設置<br />3 <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省級行政區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%B4%96%E4%B8%93%E5%8C%BA" title="琼崖专区">廣東省瓊崖專區 (1949–1950)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="海南行政区">廣東省海南行政區 (1950–1988)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong_%281959%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="英屬香港"><i>香港<small>(英)</small></i> (1841–1997)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港特別行政區</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg/22px-Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg/33px-Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg/44px-Bandeira_do_Leal_Senado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="葡屬澳門"><i>澳门<small>(葡)</small></i> (1557–1999)</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/22px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/33px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/44px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門特別行政區</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">曾拟设<br />1 <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省級行政區</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%B3%A1%E7%9C%81" title="三峡省">三峡省 (1984)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"><div><b>收录标准</b>:1949年起<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="中华人民共和国政府">中华人民共和国政府</a>调整的省级以上行政区(括注变动年份)和1949年前<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="中国共产党">中共</a>在東北、華北<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%8C%BA" title="解放区">解放区</a>設置的省份。<br /><b>注</b>:加<u>下划线</u>者是<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%8E%9F%E6%B3%95%E7%90%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:中華民國原法理行政區劃">中华民国法理行政区划</a>下的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省级行政区</a>;<i>斜体</i>者为其他国家的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">海外领土</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="殖民地">殖民地</a>。<hr /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">参见:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8F%98%E6%9B%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国县级以上行政区划变更列表">中华人民共和国县级以上行政区划变更列表</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8F%98%E6%9B%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国县级以下行政区划变更列表">中华人民共和国县级以下行政区划变更列表</a></div> <hr /><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">区划</a>索引:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="Template:中华人民共和国行政区划单位">单位</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码">代码</a>)</small>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级行政区">省级</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动">史</a>)</small>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%89%AF%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国副省级行政区"><small>(副省级)</small></a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国地级以上行政区">地级</a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表">县级</a>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:北京行政区划">京</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:天津行政区划">津</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河北行政区划">冀</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山西行政区划">晋</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:内蒙古行政区划">蒙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:辽宁行政区划">辽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:吉林行政区划">吉</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:黑龙江行政区划">黑</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:上海行政区划">沪</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江苏行政区划">苏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:浙江行政区划">浙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:安徽行政区划">皖</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:福建行政区划">闽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江西行政区划">赣</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山东行政区划">鲁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河南行政区划">豫</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖北行政区划">鄂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖南行政区划">湘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广东行政区划">粤</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广西行政区划">桂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:海南行政区划">琼</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:重庆行政区划">渝</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:四川行政区划">川</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:贵州行政区划">贵</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:云南行政区划">云</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:西藏行政区划">藏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:陕西行政区划">陕</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:甘肃行政区划">甘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:青海行政区划">青</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:宁夏行政区划">宁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:新疆行政区划">新</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%80" title="Template:香港十八區">港</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Template:澳門行政區劃">澳</a>|<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)">台</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="宁夏回族自治区行政区划" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:宁夏行政区划"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template talk:宁夏行政区划"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:宁夏行政区划"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="宁夏回族自治区行政区划" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏回族自治区</a>行政区划</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><div>国别:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a><span class="nowrap">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="首府">首府</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;background:#ececec;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E5%B8%82" title="地级市">地级市</a>(5)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#ececec;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="县级行政区">县级行政区</a>(22,含9个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" title="市辖区">市辖区</a>、2个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E5%B8%82" title="县级市">县级市</a>、11个<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BF" title="县">县</a>)</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Ningxia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/China_Ningxia.svg/160px-China_Ningxia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/China_Ningxia.svg/240px-China_Ningxia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/China_Ningxia.svg/320px-China_Ningxia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%BA%86%E5%8C%BA" title="兴庆区">兴庆区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%87%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="金凤区">金凤区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%8C%BA" title="西夏区">西夏区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%82" title="灵武市">灵武市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" title="永宁县">永宁县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%BF" title="贺兰县">贺兰县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市">石嘴山市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%A6%E5%8F%A3%E5%8C%BA" title="大武口区">大武口区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%86%9C%E5%8C%BA" title="惠农区">惠农区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E7%BD%97%E5%8E%BF" title="平罗县">平罗县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E9%80%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="利通区">利通区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%AF%BA%E5%A0%A1%E5%8C%BA" title="红寺堡区">红寺堡区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C%E5%B3%A1%E5%B8%82" title="青铜峡市">青铜峡市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E6%B1%A0%E5%8E%BF" title="盐池县">盐池县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E5%8E%BF" title="同心县">同心县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%B8%82" title="固原市">固原市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%B7%9E%E5%8C%BA" title="原州区">原州区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%90%89%E5%8E%BF" title="西吉县">西吉县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E5%BE%B7%E5%8E%BF" title="隆德县">隆德县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BE%E6%BA%90%E5%8E%BF" title="泾源县">泾源县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E9%98%B3%E5%8E%BF" title="彭阳县">彭阳县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫市</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%8C%BA" title="沙坡头区">沙坡头区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" title="中宁县">中宁县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8E%9F%E5%8E%BF" title="海原县">海原县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><div> <ul><li>另请参阅:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表">中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E4%B9%A1%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="宁夏回族自治区乡级以上行政区列表">宁夏回族自治区乡级以上行政区列表</a><br /><hr /><div class="center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="中华人民共和国行政区划">区划</a>索引:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="Template:中华人民共和国行政区划单位">单位</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码">代码</a>)</small>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级行政区">省级</a><small>(<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%8F%98%E5%8A%A8" title="Template:中华人民共和国省级以上行政区变动">史</a>)</small>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%89%AF%E7%9C%81%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国副省级行政区"><small>(副省级)</small></a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="Template:中华人民共和国地级以上行政区">地级</a>&gt;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E7%BA%A7%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国县级以上行政区列表">县级</a>:<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:北京行政区划">京</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:天津行政区划">津</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河北行政区划">冀</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山西行政区划">晋</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:内蒙古行政区划">蒙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:辽宁行政区划">辽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:吉林行政区划">吉</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:黑龙江行政区划">黑</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:上海行政区划">沪</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江苏行政区划">苏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:浙江行政区划">浙</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:安徽行政区划">皖</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:福建行政区划">闽</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:江西行政区划">赣</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:山东行政区划">鲁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:河南行政区划">豫</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖北行政区划">鄂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:湖南行政区划">湘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广东行政区划">粤</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:广西行政区划">桂</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:海南行政区划">琼</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:重庆行政区划">渝</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:四川行政区划">川</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:贵州行政区划">贵</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:云南行政区划">云</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:西藏行政区划">藏</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:陕西行政区划">陕</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:甘肃行政区划">甘</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:青海行政区划">青</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:宁夏行政区划">宁</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:新疆行政区划">新</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%80" title="Template:香港十八區">港</a>|<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Template:澳門行政區劃">澳</a>|<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)">台</a></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="黄河沿岸主要城市" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="Template:黄河沿岸城市"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="Template talk:黄河沿岸城市"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:黄河沿岸城市"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="黄河沿岸主要城市" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a>沿岸主要城市</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #ececec; vertical-align: text-top; text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%80%E7%BA%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA" title="中国一级行政区">省区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background: #ececec; vertical-align: text-top; text-align: center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>沿岸<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6" title="中华人民共和国城市建制">大型城市</a>(流向→)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg/400px-%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg/600px-%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg/800px-%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%9F%9F%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="兰州市">兰州</a></b> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%93%B6%E5%B8%82" title="白银市">白银</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%AB%E5%B8%82" title="中卫市">中卫</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%BF%A0%E5%B8%82" title="吴忠市">吴忠</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川</a></b></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%98%B4%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="石嘴山市">石嘴山</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="乌海市">乌海</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%82" title="鄂尔多斯市">鄂尔多斯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%BD%A6%E6%B7%96%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%82" title="巴彦淖尔市">巴彦淖尔</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%B4%E5%B8%82" title="包头市">包头</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%92%8C%E6%B5%A9%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%82" title="呼和浩特市">呼和浩特</a></b>(上中游分界)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BB%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="忻州市">忻州</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E6%A2%81%E5%B8%82" title="吕梁市">吕梁</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E6%B1%BE%E5%B8%82" title="临汾市">临汾</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="运城市">运城</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%86%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%82" title="榆林市">榆林</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="延安市">延安</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AD%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" title="渭南市">渭南</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%97%A8%E5%B3%A1%E5%B8%82" title="三门峡市">三门峡</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%82" title="洛阳市">洛阳</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E6%BA%90%E5%B8%82" title="济源市">济源</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E4%BD%9C%E5%B8%82" title="焦作市">焦作</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%91%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="郑州市">郑州</a></b>(中下游分界)</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B9%A1%E5%B8%82" title="新乡市">新乡</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%81%E5%B8%82" title="开封市">开封</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%AE%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%82" title="濮阳市">濮阳</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="泰安市">泰安</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%8A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="聊城市">聊城</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="德州市">德州</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" title="济南市">济南</a></b></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A8%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="滨州市">滨州</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%84%E5%8D%9A%E5%B8%82" title="淄博市">淄博</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%90%A5%E5%B8%82" title="东营市">东营</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="中國地理大區" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: khaki;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80" title="Template:中國地理大區"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80" title="Template talk:中國地理大區"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中國地理大區"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中國地理大區" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80" title="中國地理大區">中國地理大區</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style=";background:#D8000F; color:#FFFFFF;"><div id="中华人民共和国的分区" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国"><span style="color:white;">中华人民共和国</span></a>的分区</div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg/300px-Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg/450px-Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg/600px-Regions_of_China_Names_Chinese_Simp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><table><tbody><tr><td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DAEA7B; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华北地区">华北</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">內蒙古</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8092D4; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国东北地区">东北</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E7%9C%81" title="辽宁省">辽宁</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81" title="吉林省">吉林</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江省">黑龙江</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#99C1FB; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华东地区">华东</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江苏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="山东省">山东</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD)" title="台湾省 (中华人民共和国)"><span style="color:grey;">台湾</span></a><sup><small>1</small></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FADB4C; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国中南地区">中南</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">广东</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">广西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCA9E9; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西南地区">西南</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重庆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">贵州</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">云南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFCB78; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西北地区">西北</a></b></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陕西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肃</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81" title="青海省">青海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="left"><b>註:</b>分区包括中华人民共和国主张但未实际管辖的行政区域。 <p><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> 基于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%B0%E7%8A%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="台海现状">台海现状</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾地区">台湾地区</a>(含<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="臺灣島">臺灣島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%8E%E6%B9%96%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="澎湖群島">澎湖群島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%96%80%E7%B8%A3" title="金門縣">金门</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%96%E5%88%97%E5%B3%B6" title="馬祖列島">马祖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="东沙群岛">东沙群島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="太平岛">太平岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%81%98" title="中灘">中灘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B4%B2%E7%A4%81" title="中洲礁">中洲礁</a>等地)实际仍由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="中華民國政府">中華民國政府</a>管辖。涉及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" title="一个中国">一个中国</a>的议题,详见<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="臺灣問題">臺灣問題</a>;关于涉及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%A4%96%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣外島">台湾离岛</a>的相关争议,详见<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="福建省 (中華民國)">福建省 (中華民國)</a>、高雄<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%97%E6%B4%A5%E5%8D%80" title="旗津區">旗津區</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%88%88%E9%87%8C_(%E6%97%97%E6%B4%A5%E5%8D%80)" title="中興里 (旗津區)">中興里</a>。涉及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%AE" title="南沙群岛主权争议">南沙群岛主权争议</a>的内容,详见<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%89%E7%AB%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="南海争端">南海争端</a>。涉及<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%93%E9%B1%BC%E5%B2%9B%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%99%84%E5%B1%9E%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿">钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿</a>之争议,见<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%93%E9%B1%BC%E5%B2%9B%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%99%84%E5%B1%9E%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" class="mw-redirect" title="钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿主权问题">钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿主权问题</a>。 </p> <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="藏南地區">藏南地區</a>現由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>實際管轄,中印两国另有其他领土争议,詳見<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="中印边界问题">中印边界问题</a>。</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style=";background:#002864;color:white"><div id="中華民國的分區" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期"><span style="color:white;">中華民國</span></a>的分區</div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg/300px-%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg/450px-%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg/600px-%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%80.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><table><tbody><tr><td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#AAFFAA; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华中地区"><b>華中</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%98%87%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="江蘇省 (中華民國)">江蘇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="浙江省 (中華民國)">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="安徽省 (中華民國)">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="江西省 (中華民國)">江西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="湖北省 (中華民國)">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="湖南省 (中華民國)">湖南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="四川省 (中華民國)">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="南京市 (中華民國)">南京市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="上海市 (中華民國)">上海市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E6%85%B6%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="重慶市 (中華民國)">重慶市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%8F%A3%E5%B8%82" title="漢口市">漢口市</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#AAFFFF; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华南地区"><b>華南</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81_(1912%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941949%E5%B9%B4)" title="福建省 (1912年—1949年)">福建</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%9C%81" title="臺灣省">臺灣</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="廣東省 (中華民國)">廣東</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="廣西省 (中華民國)">廣西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="雲南省 (中華民國)">雲南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="貴州省 (中華民國)">貴州</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="海南特別行政區">海南特別行政區</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="廣州市 (中華民國)">廣州市</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFAA; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华北地区"><b>華北</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="河北省 (中華民國)">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="山東省 (中華民國)">山東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="河南省 (中華民國)">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="山西省 (中華民國)">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%9D%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="陝西省 (中華民國)">陝西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%85%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="甘肅省 (中華民國)">甘肅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="北平市 (中華民國)">北平市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B3%B6%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="青島市 (中華民國)">青島市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="天津市 (中華民國)">天津市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="西安市 (中華民國)">西安市</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFD4AA; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%8C%97" title="塞北"><b>塞北</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%A4%8F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="寧夏省 (中華民國)">寧夏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%8F%E9%81%A0%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="綏遠省 (中華民國)">綏遠</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%9F%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="察哈爾省 (中華民國)">察哈爾</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E6%B2%B3%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="熱河省 (中華民國)">熱河</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="蒙古地方">蒙古地方</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFAAAA; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B0%E7%9C%81%E5%8D%80%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="東北新省區方案"><b>東北</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E5%AF%A7%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="遼寧省 (中華民國)">遼寧</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="安東省 (中華民國)">安東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="遼北省 (中華民國)">遼北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="吉林省 (中華民國)">吉林</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="松江省 (中華民國)">松江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="合江省 (中華民國)">合江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%8D%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="黑龍江省 (中華民國)">黑龍江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A9%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="嫩江省">嫩江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%88%E5%AE%89%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="興安省 (中華民國)">興安</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%A3%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="大連市 (中華民國)">大連市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%E6%BF%B1%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="哈爾濱市 (中華民國)">哈爾濱市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%80%8B%E9%99%BD%E5%B8%82_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="瀋陽市 (中華民國)">瀋陽市</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#D4AAFF; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西部地区"><b>西部</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BA%B7%E7%9C%81" title="西康省">西康</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="青海省 (中華民國)">青海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="新疆省 (中華民國)">新疆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="西藏地方">西藏地方</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="left"><b>註:</b>此為1949年以前<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="中華民國政府">中華民國政府</a>統治<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆">中国大陆</a>時所使用的分區,現已不再適用;關於當今實際統治之<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="臺灣地區">臺灣地區</a>,詳見<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="中華民國行政區劃">中華民國行政區劃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣行政區劃">台灣行政區劃</a>。 <p><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> 1912年中華民國成立之时台湾仍为<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%9C%B0_(%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B)" title="外地 (大日本帝國)">屬土</a>,1945年日本戰敗投降後中華民國接收並統治至今,詳見<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%85%89%E5%BE%A9" title="臺灣光復">臺灣光復</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="臺灣問題">臺灣問題</a>。 </p><p><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> 即原<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4" title="外蒙古">外蒙古</a>地區;1946年起<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙古人民共和國">蒙古</a>已成為受國際普遍承認之獨立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="主權國家">主權國家</a>,2012年5月中華民國政府發布之新聞稿重申<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国">蒙古</a>并非<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="中華民國憲法">憲法</a>「固有之疆域」;1921年蒙古恢復獨立的同時,<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%8A%AA%E4%B9%8C%E6%A2%81%E6%B5%B7" title="唐努乌梁海">唐努乌梁海</a>地區大部獨立為<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%93%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="圖瓦人民共和國">唐努-圖瓦</a>,1944年被<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>吞并,<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯解體">蘇聯解體</a>後<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E7%93%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="图瓦共和国">圖瓦</a>成為<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%B8%BB%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯聯邦主體">俄羅斯聯邦主體</a>。 </p> <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> 廣東省的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a>彼時分别為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">英國</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>殖民地,詳見<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="英屬香港">英屬香港</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E5%B1%AC%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="葡屬澳門">葡屬澳門</a>。</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style=";"><div id="其他的分區方式" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">其他的分區方式</div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Economic_Sector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/China_Economic_Sector.svg/300px-China_Economic_Sector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/China_Economic_Sector.svg/450px-China_Economic_Sector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/China_Economic_Sector.svg/600px-China_Economic_Sector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%B2%B3%E5%9B%9B%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="山河四省"><b>中原</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="山東省">山東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陝西</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="华西"><b>華西</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重慶</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陝西</a></i> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">雲南</a></i> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">貴州</a></i></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97" title="江南"><b>江南</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江蘇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a></i> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a></i></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="华中地区"><b>華中</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a></i></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%AD%E5%8D%97" title="岭南"><b>岭南</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">廣東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国东南地区"><b>東南</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap">(<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="福建省 (中華民國)">金馬</a>) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣省">台灣</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">廣東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台北市">台北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82" title="新北市">新北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%83%E5%9C%92%E5%B8%82" title="桃園市">桃園</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E4%B8%AD%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台中市">台中</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台南市">台南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%9B%84%E5%B8%82" title="高雄市">高雄</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#bdbdbd; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="港澳台地区"><b>港澳台</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="港澳地區"><b>港澳</b></a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81_(8%E5%8C%BA)" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码 (8区)">地區</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="香港特別行政區">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="澳門特別行政區">澳門</a>) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣地區"><b>台灣</b></a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81_(7%E5%8C%BA)" title="中华人民共和国行政区划代码 (7区)">地區</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣省">台灣省</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B)" title="福建省 (中華民國)">福建省(金馬)</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台北市">台北市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82" title="新北市">新北市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%83%E5%9C%92%E5%B8%82" title="桃園市">桃園市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E4%B8%AD%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台中市">台中市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="台南市">台南市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%9B%84%E5%B8%82" title="高雄市">高雄市</a>)</span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆"><b>大陸</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="山東省">山東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陝西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">内蒙古自治区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏回族自治区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江省">黑龍江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81" title="吉林省">吉林</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E7%9C%81" title="辽宁省">遼寧</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江蘇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">廣東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">雲南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">貴州</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">广西壮族自治区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81" title="青海省">青海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏自治区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆维吾尔自治区</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海市</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重庆市</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#990099; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中国东北经济区"><b>大東北</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江省">黑龍江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81" title="吉林省">吉林</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E7%9C%81" title="辽宁省">遼寧</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">內蒙古</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E4%B8%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="蒙东地区">東部</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#336699; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E9%83%A8%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BA" title="中国东部经济区"><b>東部沿海</b></a></div></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="山東省">山東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江蘇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">廣東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国中西部地区"><b>中西</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#339999; color:black;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BA" title="中国中部经济区"><b>中部</b></a></div>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a>)<br /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#333399; color:white;">&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西部地区"><b>西部</b></a></div>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">內蒙古西部</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重慶</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">貴州</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">雲南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陝西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81" title="青海省">青海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">寧夏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆</a>)</span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="中国西北地区"><b>蒙新</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="内蒙古自治区">內蒙古</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">寧夏</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%82%83%E7%9C%81" title="甘肃省">甘肅</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="新疆维吾尔自治区">新疆</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="青藏地区"><b>青藏</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%9C%81" title="青海省">青海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="西藏自治区">西藏</a></span></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="中國南方"><b>南方</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81" title="江苏省">江蘇</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="江西省">江西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E7%9C%81" title="福建省">福建</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省">湖北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖南省">湖南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81" title="广东省">廣東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="广西壮族自治区">廣西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="云南省">雲南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81" title="贵州省">貴州</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="上海市">上海</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82" title="重庆市">重慶</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="澳門特別行政區">澳門</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="香港特別行政區">香港</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣地區">台灣</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="中國北方"><b>北方</b></a></td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="黑龙江省">黑龍江</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E7%9C%81" title="吉林省">吉林</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BD%E5%AE%81%E7%9C%81" title="辽宁省">遼寧</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="山東省">山東</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="河南省">河南</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="陕西省">陝西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81" title="山西省">山西</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="河北省">河北</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82" title="天津市">天津</a> </span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: khaki;"><div>另见:<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="中国地理">中国地理</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="宁夏专题" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ningxia_topics" title="Template:Ningxia topics"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ningxia_topics" title="Template talk:Ningxia topics"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Ningxia_topics" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Ningxia topics"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="宁夏专题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">宁夏</a>专题</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B8%82" title="银川市">银川市</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省会列表">首府</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" title="Category:宁夏">总体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="宁夏历史">历史</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏政治(页面不存在)">政治</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#经济">经济</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#地理">地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#宁夏" title="中华人民共和国城市列表">城市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1" title="贺兰山">贺兰山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%A5%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="河套平原">河套平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="银川平原">银川平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E5%AE%81%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="卫宁平原">卫宁平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BE%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0" title="腾格里沙漠">腾格里沙漠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%AB%E8%8A%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="葫芦河">葫芦河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%B0%B4%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="清水河">清水河</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="宁夏高等学校列表">教育</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="宁夏大学">宁夏大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北方民族大学">北方民族大学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏文化(页面不存在)">文化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%85%94" title="秦腔">秦腔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%84%BF" title="花儿">花儿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86" title="银川当代美术馆">银川当代美术馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="宁夏回族自治区博物馆">宁夏博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="宁夏回族自治区图书馆">宁夏图书馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E5%8E%9F%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="固原博物馆">固原博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86_(%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D)" title="西夏博物馆 (银川)">西夏博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B6%E5%B7%9D%E9%9F%A9%E7%BE%8E%E6%9E%97%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="银川韩美林艺术馆(页面不存在)">银川韩美林艺术馆</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%8F%9C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏菜(页面不存在)">饮食</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%9C" title="清真菜">清真菜</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%8F%9C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="西北菜(页面不存在)">西北菜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">旅游景点</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E7%8E%8B%E9%99%B5" title="西夏王陵">西夏王陵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9D%A1%E5%A4%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="沙坡头">沙坡头</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%9B%98%E5%B1%B1" title="六盘山">六盘山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%BF%E5%A4%A9%E5%AF%BA%E5%A1%94" title="承天寺塔">承天寺塔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%AE%9D%E5%A1%94" title="海宝塔">海宝塔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A3%E7%BF%A0%E6%B9%96" title="鸣翠湖">鸣翠湖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A3%E5%BA%9C" title="董府">董府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E" title="长城">长城</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E%E6%B2%9F%E9%81%97%E5%9D%80" title="水洞沟遗址">水洞沟遗址</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BB%E5%BC%A5%E5%B1%B1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="须弥山石窟">须弥山石窟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BA%E5%85%B0%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%A9%E7%94%BB" title="贺兰山岩画">贺兰山岩画</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%B2%A9%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="大麥地岩畫">大麦地岩画</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%B9%96" class="mw-disambig" title="沙湖">沙湖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宁夏语言(页面不存在)">语言</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E9%93%B6%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="兰银官话">兰银官话</a> (北部)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B6%E5%90%B4%E7%89%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="银吴片(页面不存在)">银吴片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8E%9F%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="中原官话">中原官话</a> (南部)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E9%99%87%E7%89%87" title="秦陇片">秦陇片</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="经济">经济</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E6%B2%BF%E9%BB%84%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BA" title="宁夏沿黄经济区">宁夏沿黄经济区</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" title="Category:宁夏">分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ningxia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ningxia">共享资源</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57448#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094074">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094074">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00915722">日本</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ningxia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/df146381-8c0e-4f40-b201-83555fa4753d">MusicBrainz area</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐gm8xq Cached time: 20241124092826 Cache expiry: 570706 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.933 seconds Real time usage: 2.378 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 22898/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 571848/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 51476/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 34/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 194741/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.715/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 22233212/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1688.957 1 -total 56.35% 951.809 9 Template:Infobox 23.29% 393.395 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 21.31% 359.982 2 Template:Infobox_Chinese/Chinese 20.74% 350.288 1 Template:中华人民共和国一级行政区信息框 20.41% 344.645 1 Template:Infobox_settlement 17.33% 292.702 1 Template:Reflist 11.43% 193.103 22 Template:Lang 10.67% 180.156 22 Template:Category_handler 9.08% 153.303 6 Template:Navbox --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key zhwiki:pcache:idhash:457-0!canonical!zh and timestamp 20241124092826 and revision id 84412521. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=宁夏回族自治区&amp;oldid=84412521">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=宁夏回族自治区&amp;oldid=84412521</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>:​<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA" title="Category:中国自治区">中国自治区</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F" title="Category:宁夏">宁夏</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%8F%AF%E8%A5%BF" title="Category:華西">華西</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="Category:回族自治地方">回族自治地方</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1958%E5%B9%B4%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83" title="Category:1958年建立的行政區劃">1958年建立的行政區劃</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类:​<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%9D%9E%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97formatnum%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有非数字formatnum参数的页面">含有非数字formatnum参数的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%EF%BC%9A%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%9F" title="Category:引文格式1错误:日期">引文格式1错误:日期</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BFarchiveis%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:Webarchive模板archiveis链接">Webarchive模板archiveis链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%A4%9A%E4%B8%AA%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E4%B8%94%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E7%BC%A9%E6%94%BE%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用多个图像且自动缩放的页面">使用多个图像且自动缩放的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8WikiMiniAtlas%E5%B0%8F%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面">使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%98%8E%E7%A2%BA%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有明確引用中文的條目">含有明確引用中文的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有漢語拼音的條目">含有漢語拼音的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%A8%81%E5%A6%A5%E7%91%AA%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有威妥瑪拼音的條目">含有威妥瑪拼音的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有非中文內容的條目">含有非中文內容的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%96%A9%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有閩南語的條目">含有閩南語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%96%A9%E6%9D%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有閩東語的條目">含有閩東語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%90%B3%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有吳語的條目">含有吳語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有粵語的條目">含有粵語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%A9%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有客家話的條目">含有客家話的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNFdata%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNDL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目">包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABMusicBrainz_area%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目">包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年9月30日 (星期一) 14:10。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享 署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供,附加条款亦可能应用。(请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>)<br /> Wikipedia&#174;和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标;维基&#8482;是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-fhqv7","wgBackendResponseTime":254,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.933","walltime":"2.378","ppvisitednodes":{"value":22898,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":571848,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":51476,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":34,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":194741,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1688.957 1 -total"," 56.35% 951.809 9 Template:Infobox"," 23.29% 393.395 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese"," 21.31% 359.982 2 Template:Infobox_Chinese/Chinese"," 20.74% 350.288 1 Template:中华人民共和国一级行政区信息框"," 20.41% 344.645 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 17.33% 292.702 1 Template:Reflist"," 11.43% 193.103 22 Template:Lang"," 10.67% 180.156 22 Template:Category_handler"," 9.08% 153.303 6 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.715","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":22233212,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gm8xq","timestamp":"20241124092826","ttl":570706,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u5b81\u590f\u56de\u65cf\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q57448","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q57448","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-03-22T14:34:38Z","dateModified":"2024-09-30T14:10:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/16\/Western_Xia_mausoleums_32.jpg","headline":"\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5340"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10