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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_dottrina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_dottrina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>La dottrina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_dottrina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Le_opere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Le_opere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Le opere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_opere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 4 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prad%C5%BE%C5%88%C3%A1p%C3%A1ramit%C3%A1_s%C3%BAtra" title="Pradžňápáramitá sútra - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pradžňápáramitá sútra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81-s%C5%ABtra" title="Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prajñāpāramitā-sūtra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mah%C4%81praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra" title="Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mahāprajñāpāramitā Sūtra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1t-nh%C3%A3-ba-la-m%E1%BA%ADt-%C4%91a_kinh" title="Bát-nhã-ba-la-mật-đa kinh - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bát-nhã-ba-la-mật-đa kinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q58287971#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni relative a questa pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussione</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambia versione linguistica" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">italiano</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visite"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=history" title="Versioni precedenti di questa pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Strumenti</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Altre opzioni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azioni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra"><span>Leggi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit" title="Modifica questa pagina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit" title="Modifica il wikitesto di questa pagina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica wikitesto</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=history"><span>Cronologia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&oldid=138519689" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&id=138519689&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPraj%25C3%25B1%25C4%2581p%25C4%2581ramit%25C4%2581_S%25C5%25ABtra"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPraj%25C3%25B1%25C4%2581p%25C4%2581ramit%25C4%2581_S%25C5%25ABtra"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81+S%C5%ABtra"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q58287971" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81s%C5%ABtra&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Prajñāpāramitāsūtra">Prajñāpāramitāsūtra</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p><i><b>Prajñāpāramitāsūtra</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Lingua_sanscrita" title="Lingua sanscrita">sanscrito</a>; <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" class="mw-redirect" title="Devanagari">devanagari</a>: प्रज्ञा पारमिता, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_cinese" title="Lingua cinese">cinese</a>: 般若波羅蜜多經 <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a> Bōrě bōluómì duō jīng, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_giapponese" title="Lingua giapponese">giapponese</a> 般若経, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tibetana" title="Lingua tibetana">tibetano</a> ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པའི་མདོ་, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_coreana" title="Lingua coreana">coreano</a>: 반야경, <a href="/wiki/Lingua_vietnamita" title="Lingua vietnamita">vietnamita</a>: <i>Bát Nhã Ba La Mật Đa</i>) ovvero <i>Sutra della perfezione della saggezza</i> o <i>Sutra della conoscenza trascendente</i> è il nome dato ad un insieme di trentotto <a href="/wiki/Sutra_buddisti" class="mw-redirect" title="Sutra buddisti">sutra buddisti</a>, i più antichi dei quali risalgono al I secolo a.C.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mentre i più tardi arrivano al <a href="/wiki/VII_secolo_d.C." class="mw-redirect" title="VII secolo d.C.">VII secolo d.C.</a>, che sono, unitamente al <i><a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Loto" title="Sutra del Loto">Sutra del Loto</a></i>, al fondamento del <a href="/wiki/Buddismo_Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" title="Buddismo Mahāyāna">Buddismo Mahāyāna</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG/220px-Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="463" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG/330px-Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG/440px-Prajnaparamita_Java_Front.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1348" data-file-height="2835" /></a><figcaption>La statua di Prajñāpāramitā; la <i><a href="/wiki/Bodhisattva" title="Bodhisattva">bodhisattva</a></i> della conoscenza trascendente (<a href="/wiki/Singhasari" title="Singhasari">Singhasari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giava" title="Giava">Giava</a>)</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origini">Origini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Origini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Origini"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il nome dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> deriva dall'insieme di alcuni termini <a href="/wiki/Sanscriti" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanscriti">sanscriti</a>: </p> <ul><li><i>prajñā</i> = sapienza;</li> <li><i>pāram</i> = al di là;</li> <li><i>itā</i> = lei che è andata.</li></ul> <p>Quindi si potrebbe tradurre come sutra della 'sapienza trascendente' (intendendo quest'ultimo termine nel significato di "non mondano"). Non si conosce il nome dei loro autori; secondo la tradizione buddista <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahāyāna">Mahāyāna</a> si tratta di insegnamenti dispensati dal <a href="/wiki/Buddha_Shakyamuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Shakyamuni">Buddha Shakyamuni</a> stesso ad alcuni discepoli scelti (<a href="/wiki/Ananda_(Custode_del_Dharma)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ananda (Custode del Dharma)">Ānanda</a> e <a href="/wiki/Subh%C5%ABti" title="Subhūti">Subhūti</a>) sul "Picco dell'Avvoltoio" (sans. <i><a href="/wiki/G%E1%B9%9Bdhrak%C5%AB%E1%B9%ADaparvata" title="Gṛdhrakūṭaparvata">Gṛdhrakūṭaparvata</a></i>) a <a href="/wiki/R%C4%81jagaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rājagaha">Rājagaha</a> (oggi <a href="/wiki/Rajgir" title="Rajgir">Rajgir</a>, in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>). In alcuni casi, come per il <i><a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Cuore" title="Sutra del Cuore">Sutra del Cuore</a></i>, gli insegnamenti sono sempre emanati dal BuddhaShakyamuni ma effettivamente esposti dal <a href="/wiki/Bodhisattva" title="Bodhisattva">bodhisattva</a> <a href="/wiki/Avalokite%C5%9Bvara" title="Avalokiteśvara">Avalokiteśvara</a>. La totalità degli studiosi annovera tuttavia queste tradizioni come 'leggendarie'. </p><p>I <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> compaiono progressivamente dal I secolo a.C. nell'<a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> meridionale per spostarsi verso quella occidentale e infine verso Nord. <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81g%C4%81rjuna" title="Nāgārjuna">Nāgārjuna</a> nel II secolo d.C. avviò lo studio sistematico della letteratura dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i>, anche se nelle sue opere non vengono citati, fondando così, di fatto, la prima grande scuola di tradizione <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahāyāna">Mahāyāna</a>, la <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81dhyamika" class="mw-redirect" title="Mādhyamika">Mādhyamika</a>. Va sottolineato che i <i>Prajñāpāramitā</i> irrigano e alimentano il complesso delle pratiche religiose di derivazione <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">cinese</a> e <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">tibetana</a> sia quelle <a href="/wiki/Liturgia" title="Liturgia">liturgiche</a> che quelle contemplative. I <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> sono oggi conservati nel <a href="/wiki/Canone_cinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone cinese">Canone cinese</a> (sezione <i><a href="/wiki/B%C5%8Dr%C4%9Bb%C3%B9" title="Bōrěbù">Bōrěbù</a></i>) e nel <a href="/wiki/Canone_tibetano" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone tibetano">Canone tibetano</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_dottrina">La dottrina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione La dottrina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: La dottrina"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La dottrina di questi sutra parte dalle sei perfezioni (<a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ramit%C4%81" title="Pāramitā">pāramitā</a>) descritte nelle biografie del <a href="/wiki/Buddha_Shakyamuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Shakyamuni">Buddha Shakyamuni</a>. Esse vengono interpretate e riassunte nell'ultima e più importante di esse: la saggezza (<i><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81" title="Prajñā">prajñā</a></i>). Così la realizzazione della perfezione della saggezza (<i>Prajñāpāramitā</i>) che corrisponde alla vacuità (<i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C5%ABnyat%C4%81" title="Śūnyatā">śūnyatā</a></i>) ovvero alla insostanzialità (<i>abhāva</i>) dei fenomeni in quanto impermanenti (<i><a href="/wiki/Anitya" title="Anitya">anitya</a></i>) e interdipendenti (<i><a href="/wiki/Prat%C4%ABtyasamutp%C4%81da" title="Pratītyasamutpāda">pratītyasamutpāda</a></i>) è considerata in grado di realizzare la buddhità (<i><a href="/wiki/Buddhat%C4%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhatā">buddhatā</a></i>) e l'illuminazione (<i><a href="/wiki/Bodhi" title="Bodhi">bodhi</a></i>).<br /> Nei trentotto testi che costituiscono l'insieme dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> la dottrina della <a href="/wiki/Vacuit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacuità">vacuità</a> riveste un ruolo fondamentale. Si può sostenere che fin dai <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> più antichi, l'estensore degli stessi, che potrebbe voler riportare degli insegnamenti dello stesso <a href="/wiki/Buddha_Shakyamuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Shakyamuni">Buddha Shakyamuni</a> non accolti negli <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%80gama-Nik%C4%81ya" class="mw-redirect" title="Āgama-Nikāya">Āgama-Nikāya</a></i>, accompagni la dottrina della vacuità con la <a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ramit%C4%81" title="Pāramitā">pāramitā</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81" title="Prajñā">prajñā</a></i> ritenuta l'ultima e la più importante già nelle scuole del <a href="/wiki/Buddismo_dei_Nik%C4%81ya" title="Buddismo dei Nikāya">Buddismo dei Nikāya</a> (scuola <a href="/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Sarvāstivāda">Sarvāstivāda</a>). Nel complesso la letteratura dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> elenca venti tipi di <a href="/wiki/Vacuit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacuità">vacuità</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sanscrito" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanscrito">sanscrito</a> <i>viṃśati śunyātā</i>): </p> <ol><li>Vacuità degli organi di senso (<i>adhyatana śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dei fenomeni percepiti (<i>bahirdhā śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità degli organi di senso e dei fenomeni percepiti (<i>adhyatanabahirdhā śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità della vacuità (<i>śūnyatā śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dello spazio (<i>mahā śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dell'assoluto (<i>paramārtha śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dei fenomeni condizionati (<i>saṃskṛta śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dei fenomeni non condizionati (<i>asaṃskṛta śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità di ciò che è al di là dell'eterno e del nulla (<i>atyanta śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità di ciò né inizia né termina, del <a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a> (<i>anavaraga śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità di ciò che degli insegnamenti che vanno accolti (<i>anavakara śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dell'intima natura dei fenomeni (<i>prakṛti śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità di qualsiasi fenomeno o <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a> (<i>sarvadharma śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità delle caratteristiche di ogni singolo <a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a> (<i>svalakṣaṇa śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dell'inconcepibile (<i>anupalambha śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dei fenomeni privi di identità (<i>abhāvasvabhāva śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dei fenomeni che posseggono delle sostanzialità (<i>bhāva śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità di ciò che è privo di sostanzialità (<i>abhāva śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità dell'identità (<i>svabhāva śūnyatā</i>).</li> <li>Vacuità della natura trascendente (<i>parabhāva śūnyatā</i>).</li></ol> <p>Tali "<a href="/wiki/Vacuit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacuità">vacuità</a>" stanno ad indicare che ogni forma, esistenza o non esistenza, è vacuità e ogni vacuità è ognuna di queste. Così come recita uno dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> più noti, il <i>Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra</i> (Il <a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Cuore" title="Sutra del Cuore">Sutra del Cuore</a> della perfezione di saggezza): «Qui, O Sariputra, la forma è vacuità e la vacuità è forma; la vacuità non differisce dalla forma, la forma non differisce dalla vacuità; qualsivoglia cosa sia forma, quella è vacuità; qualsivoglia cosa sia vacuità, quella è forma».<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'insieme del corpus scritturale dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> sembrerebbe contenere una serrata critica alla dottrina dei <i><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">dharma</a></i> intesi come costituenti ultimi della realtà, propria delle scuole del <a href="/wiki/Buddismo_dei_Nik%C4%81ya" title="Buddismo dei Nikāya">Buddismo dei Nikāya</a>, segnatamente della scuola <a href="/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Sarvāstivāda">Sarvāstivāda</a>. Tali dottrine assegnavano esistenza reale ai costituenti (<i>dharma</i>) dei fenomeni, anche se le stesse denunciavano la "vacuità" del soggetto che questi fenomeni percepiva, ovvero negavano la soggettività, l'io individuale (dottrina dell'<i><a href="/wiki/An%C4%81tman" title="Anātman">anātman</a></i>) dello stesso soggetto. Questa "doppia vacuità" (vacuità del soggetto percipiente e dei fenomeni percepiti) pronunciata dai <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> andava a dunque a criticare i contenuti <i><a href="/wiki/Abhidharmici" class="mw-redirect" title="Abhidharmici">abhidharmici</a></i> della scuola <a href="/wiki/Sarv%C4%81stiv%C4%81da" title="Sarvāstivāda">Sarvāstivāda</a>, la quale giungeva a sostenere la presenza, nel soggetto che percepisce, di un <i>dharma</i> particolare, il <i>prapti</i>, che fungeva da ricettacolo per la sua retribuzione <a href="/wiki/Karmica" class="mw-redirect" title="Karmica">karmica</a>. </p><p>È chiaro che la dottrina della <a href="/wiki/Vacuit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacuità">vacuità</a> dei <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> ha dei precisi fondamenti, come abbiamo visto, negli stessi <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%80gama-Nik%C4%81ya" class="mw-redirect" title="Āgama-Nikāya">Āgama-Nikāya</a></i>, tuttavia essa intende radicalizzare questi fondamenti e indicarli come il cuore (<i>hṛd</i>) della dottrina del <a href="/wiki/Buddha_Shakyamuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha Shakyamuni">Buddha Shakyamuni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buddhadharma" title="Buddhadharma">Buddhadharma</a>). In un altro famoso <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i>, il <i>Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione della saggezza che recide come un diamante, o più brevemente <i><a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_diamante" class="mw-redirect" title="Sutra del diamante">Sutra del diamante</a></i>) si giunge, peraltro coerentemente con questi insegnamenti, a sostenere che «per quanto innumerevoli siano gli esseri in tal modo guidati verso il Nirvana proprio nessun essere è stato guidato verso il Nirvana. Perché? Se in un bodhisattva dovesse intervenire la nozione di un <i>essere</i>, egli non potrebbe venire chiamato bodhisattva. E perché? Non si dovrà chiamare bodhisattva colui nel quale interviene la nozione di un essere, o la nozione di un'anima vivente o di una persona».<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Le_opere">Le opere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Le opere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Le opere"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tra i principali <i>Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra</i> troviamo: </p> <ul><li>L'<i>Aṣṭa-sāhasrikāprajñā-pāramitā</i> (Sutra della perfezione della saggezza in ottomila stanze): è il prajnaparamita più antico, composto probabilmente nel I secolo a.C., fu tradotto in cinese nel 172 d.C. da <a href="/wiki/Lokak%E1%B9%A3ema" title="Lokakṣema">Lokakṣema</a> (<a href="/wiki/T.D." class="mw-redirect" title="T.D.">T.D.</a> 224).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Il <i>Śatasāhasrikāprajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione della saggezza in centomila stanze).</li> <li>Il <i>Pañcaviṃśati-sāhasrikā-prajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra perfezione della saggezza in venticinquemila stanze).</li> <li>L'<i>Aṣṭādaśa-sāhasrikā-prajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione della saggezza in diciottomila stanze).</li> <li>Il <i>Daśa-sāhasrikā-prajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione della saggezza in diecimila stanze).</li> <li>Il <i>Prajñāpāramitā ratnaguṇasaṃcayagāthā</i> (Sutra condensato della perfezione della saggezza).</li> <li>Il <i>Saptaśatika- prajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione di saggezza in settecento righe).</li> <li>Il <i>Pañcaśatika- prajñā-pāramitāsūtra</i> (Sutra della perfezione di saggezza in cinquecento righe).</li> <li>Il <i>Prajnaparamita- arasadhika- sutra</i> (Sutra della perfezione di saggezza in cinquanta righe).</li> <li>Il <i>Prajñāpāramitā-naya-śatapañcaśatikā</i> (Sutra della perfezione di saggezza in centocinquanta metodi).</li> <li>Il <i>Pañcaviṃśatika- prajñāpāramitā-mukha</i> (Venticinque porte della perfezione della saggezza).</li> <li>Lo <i>Svalpākṣara-prajñāparamitā</i> (La perfezione della saggezza in poche parole).</li> <li>Il <i><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_Sarvatath%C4%81gatam%C4%81t%C4%81_Ek%C4%81k%E1%B9%A3ar%C4%81" title="Prajñāpāramitā Sarvatathāgatamātā Ekākṣarā">Prajñāpāramitā Sarvatathāgatamātā Ekākṣarā</a></i> (La perfezione della saggezza in una lettera madre dei Tathagata).</li> <li>Il <i>Kauśika prajñāpāramitā</i> (La perfezione della saggezza per Kausika).</li> <li>Il <i>Suvikrāntavikrāmi-paripṛcchā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra</i> (Le domande di Suvrikantavikramin).</li> <li>Il <i><a href="/wiki/Vajracchedika_praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_s%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vajracchedika prajñāpāramitā sūtra">Vajracchedika prajñāpāramitā sūtra</a></i> (Il <a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Diamante" title="Sutra del Diamante">Sutra del Diamante</a> che recide).</li> <li>Il <i><a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Cuore" title="Sutra del Cuore">Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya sūtra</a></i> (Il <a href="/wiki/Sutra_del_Cuore" title="Sutra del Cuore">Sutra del Cuore</a> della perfezione di saggezza).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Raniero Gnoli, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797009856"><span style="font-style:italic;">Testi buddisti in sanscrito</span></a>, UTET, 1983, pp. 10-11, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-02-03869-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/88-02-03869-4">88-02-03869-4</a>.<br /><div class="cite-q">«Gli antichi testi non erano più sufficienti a questo nuovo atteggiamento spirituale. Accanto ad essi, che non furono, s'intende, affatto rifiutati, cominciarono ad apparire, verso il I secolo a.C., nuove opere, attribuite allo Svegliato. Son queste i cosiddetti testi della Prajñā Pāramitā (Perfezione della Gnosi), la massima delle «virtù»»</div></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/Sanscrito" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanscrito">sanscrito</a>: «Iha Sariputra rupam sunyata sunyataiva rupam, rupan na prithak sunyata sunyataya na prithag rupam yad rupam sa sunyata ya sunyata tad rupam evam eva vedana samjna samskara vijnanam».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vajracchedikā-prajñāpāramitā-sūtra</i>, 3. Da notare come questa dottrina, costantemente ribadita in tutta la letteratura <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahāyāna">Mahāyāna</a> di interpretazione <a href="/wiki/Madhyamaka" title="Madhyamaka">Madhyamaka</a>, renda improponibile parlare, per questi insegnamenti, nei termini comuni di "trasmigrazione" o "reincarnazione". Infatti se non esiste un "essere", un'"anima" o una "persona", dopo la morte cosa si potrebbe reincarnare o trasmigrare?</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Occorre precisare che non tutti gli studiosi considerano questo come il <i>Prajnaparamitasutra</i> più antico: Mario Piantelli (in: Mario Piantelli. <i>Il Buddismo indiano</i> in Giovanni Filoramo -a cura di-, <i>Buddismo</i>. Bari, Laterza, 2001, pag.109) ritiene che tale sia lo <i>Aryaprajnaparamitaratnagunasancayagatha</i> (Strofe del cumulo di pregi che sono le gemme della Nobile Perfezione della Conoscenza) riportato nel <a href="/wiki/Canone_tibetano" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone tibetano">Canone tibetano</a> (ma ne conserviamo una più antica edizione in <a href="/wiki/Sanscrito_ibrido" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanscrito ibrido">sanscrito ibrido</a>); d'altronde Edward Conze (in: Edward Conze, <i>The Prajnaparamita Literature</i> Gravenhage, Mouton, 1960, pag.11) riferisce che il testo citato, successivamente da Piantelli, sia un riassunto in versi dell'<i>Astasahasrika prajnaparamitasutra</i>; sempre Conze (in: <i>The Development of Prajnaparamita Thought</i>, rist. in E. Conze <i>Thirty Years of Buddhist Studies</i> Oxford, Cassirer, 1967 pagg. 123-47) sostiene che i primi due capitoli dello <i>Aryaprajnaparamitaratnagunasancayagatha</i> rappresentino l'origine dei capitoli 3-28 dell'<i>Astasahasrika prajnaparamitasutra</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Raniero Gnoli (a cura di), <span style="font-style:italic;">Testi buddisti</span>, Milano, Mondadori, 2009 <abbr title="Data di edizione originale">[1983]</abbr>, p. 662.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddismo_Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" title="Buddismo Mahāyāna">Buddismo Mahāyāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canone_cinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone cinese">Canone cinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C5%8Dr%C4%9Bb%C3%B9" title="Bōrěbù">Bōrěbù</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canone_tibetano" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone tibetano">Canone tibetano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamika" class="mw-redirect" title="Madhyamika">Madhyamika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cittamatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Cittamatra">Cittamatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81g%C4%81rjuna" title="Nāgārjuna">Nāgārjuna</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81_S%C5%ABtra&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source 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title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sutramahayana&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Letteratura <a href="/wiki/Mahayana" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahayana">buddhista mahāyāna</a> raccolta nei <a href="/wiki/Canone_buddhista" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone buddhista">Canoni</a> <a href="/wiki/Canone_cinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone cinese">cinese</a> e <a href="/wiki/Canone_tibetano" class="mw-redirect" title="Canone tibetano">tibetano</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Bardo_T%C3%B6dr%C3%B6l_Chenmo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bardo Tödröl Chenmo">Bardo Tödröl Chenmo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Buddh%C4%81vata%E1%B9%83sakas%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhāvataṃsakasūtra">Buddhāvataṃsakasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A0sh%C3%A8ngq%C7%90x%C3%ACnl%C3%B9n" title="Dàshèngqǐxìnlùn">Dàshèngqǐxìnlùn (大乘起信論, Trattato sul risveglio della fede secondo il Mahāyāna)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ek%C4%81k%E1%B9%A3ar%C4%ABm%C4%81t%C4%81praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81s%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekākṣarīmātāprajñāpāramitāsūtra">Ekākṣarīmātāprajñāpāramitāsūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81ra%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Davy%C5%ABhas%C5%ABtra" title="Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra">Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/K%E1%B9%A3itigarbhas%C5%ABtra" title="Kṣitigarbhasūtra">Kṣitigarbhasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/La%E1%B9%85k%C4%81vat%C4%81ras%C5%ABtra" title="Laṅkāvatārasūtra">Laṅkāvatārasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81sa%E1%B9%83nip%C4%81tas%C5%ABtra" title="Mahāsaṃnipātasūtra">Mahāsaṃnipātasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81vairocan%C4%81bhisa%E1%B9%83bodhi" title="Mahāvairocanābhisaṃbodhi">Mahāvairocanābhisaṃbodhi</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na_Mah%C4%81parinirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87as%C5%ABtra" title="Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra">Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81s%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Prajñāpāramitāsūtra">Prajñāpāramitāsūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81h%E1%B9%9Bdayas%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Prajñāpāramitāhṛdayasūtra">Prajñāpāramitāhṛdayasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ratnak%C5%AB%E1%B9%ADas%C5%ABtra" title="Ratnakūṭasūtra">Ratnakūṭasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ratnagotravibh%C4%81ga" title="Ratnagotravibhāga">Ratnagotravibhāga</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Saddharmapu%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dar%C4%ABkas%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra">Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83dhinirmocanas%C5%ABtra" title="Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra">Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%ABm%C4%81l%C4%81dev%C4%ABsi%E1%B9%83han%C4%81das%C5%ABtra" title="Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra">Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C5%ABra%E1%B9%83gamas%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Śūraṃgamasūtra">Śūraṃgamasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/%C5%9A%C5%ABra%E1%B9%83gamasam%C4%81dhis%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra">Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sutra_della_Meditazione_del_Bodhisattva_Samantabhadra" title="Sutra della Meditazione del Bodhisattva Samantabhadra">Sutra della Meditazione del Bodhisattva Samantabhadra (觀普賢菩薩行法經)</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tath%C4%81gatagarbhas%C5%ABtra" title="Tathāgatagarbhasūtra">Tathāgatagarbhasūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vajracchedikapraj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81s%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vajracchedikaprajñāpāramitāsūtra">Vajracchedikaprajñāpāramitāsūtra</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vimalak%C4%ABrtinirde%C5%9Bas%C5%ABtra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vimalakīrtinirdeśasūtra">Vimalakīrtinirdeśasūtra</a></td><td rowspan="1" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Buddhismo Mahāyāna"><img alt="Buddhismo Mahāyāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/80px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/120px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg/160px-Sacred_lotus_Nelumbo_nucifera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2312" data-file-height="2119" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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