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class="title-container container" style="background-image: url(https://humanrightstracker.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Against-Torture-matthew-ansley-1189637-unsplash.jpg);"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-9 col-xl-7"> <h1 class="entry-title"><span>Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT)</span></h1> <div> <span class="post-type-icon"><i class="treaty-icon"></i>UN treaty</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container content-container"> <div class="row" > <div class="col-md-12"> <p><a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cat.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CAT is an international human rights treaty adopted in 1984</a>. The UK ratified (agreed to follow) CAT in 1988. By ratifying CAT, the UK agrees to prevent acts of torture in connection with activities that include: <ul> <li>returning, expelling or extraditing someone to another country where there are real grounds to believe he or she will face torture</li> <li>arrest, detention and imprisonment</li> <li>interrogation</li> <li>the training of police (civil or military), medical staff, public officials and anyone else who may be involved in the arrest, detention and questioning of a person</li> </ul></p> </div> </div> <div class="row" > <div class="col-md-12"> <h2 class="">How the treaty is monitored</h2> <p>The implementation of CAT is monitored by the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/cat/pages/catindex.aspx">United Nations (UN) Committee Against Torture</a>. Around every five years, the Committee reviews how well each state is putting into practice the rights in CAT. <a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/TreatyBodyExternal/Countries.aspx?CountryCode=GBR&Lang=EN">Find out more about the previous review cycles</a>. There are six stages to the treaty cycle – see CAT treaty cycle below for further information about each stage. <h2>Engagement and participation</h2> Civil society organisations and other stakeholders can engage throughout the treaty monitoring cycle. <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/CAT/Pages/NGOsNHRIs.aspx">The UN has provided information on how to participate</a>. We have produced a <a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/our-work/our-research/civil-society-organisations-and-international-human-rights-research-summary-0?return-url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.equalityhumanrights.com%2Fsearch%3Fkeys%3Dguide%2Bfor%2Bcivil%2Bsociety">guide for civil society</a> with information on how to participate. We aim to support civil society organisations to understand and engage with the monitoring process. For instance, we may host webinars or roundtable discussions, commission organisations to produce reports on behalf of wider civil society, or provide financial assistance to increase participation in UN oral evidence sessions. We will commission up to a maximum of one civil society project per cycle. We most recently provided funding to Redress as part of the previous reporting cycle to produce <a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCAT%2FCSS%2FGBR%2F34420&Lang=en">a joint civil society report</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row" > <div class="col-md-12"> <h2>Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT) treaty cycle</h2> The CAT review cycle is currently at stage 3: stakeholders respond to list of issues. Reporting to the Committee Against Torture takes place under the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/treaty-bodies/cat/reporting-guidelines#:~:text=Simplified%20reporting%20procedure&text=In%20the%20simplified%20procedure%2C%20the,a%20list%20of%20issues').">simplified reporting procedure</a>. The timings given below are estimates and may change, particularly as a result of delays and backlogs at the UN. Timings may also change due to <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/TB/HRTD/CoFacilitationProcess/outcomes/Written-contribution-co-facilitators.docx">UN plans to move to a predictable eight-year review cycle</a> for all treaty bodies. Deadlines for submission of evidence may be confirmed by the UN at short notice, so stakeholders wishing to submit are advised to prepare in advance. <div class="static-cycle treaty-cycle container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 offset-md-4 col-sm-12 stages accordion" id="stages-accordion-current-stage"> <a id="stage-1" class="stage-name cycle-6-1" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-1" href="#cycle-6-1"><span><h3>1. Stakeholders report on progress</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-1" class="stage-details collapse "> <ul> <li>No information</li> </ul> </div> <a id="stage-2" class="stage-name cycle-6-2" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-2" href="#cycle-6-2"><span><h3>2. UN publishes list of issues</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-2" class="stage-details collapse "> <span><ul> <li><a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2fC%2fGBR%2fQPR%2f7&Lang=en">UN List of Issues (May 2022)</a></li> </ul></span> </div> <a id="stage-3" class="stage-name current cycle-6-3" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-3" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-3" href="#cycle-6-3"><span><h3>3. Stakeholders respond to list of issues</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-3" class="stage-details collapse show"> <span><ul> <li><a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FGBR%2F7&Lang=en">UK state report (August 2023)</a></li> <li>Stakeholders who want to respond to the List of Issues should plan to submit their reports around four weeks before the UK is examined</li> </ul></span> </div> <a id="stage-4" class="stage-name cycle-6-4" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-4" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-4" href="#cycle-6-4"><span><h3>4. UN examines the government</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-4" class="stage-details collapse "> <span><ul> <li>Based on the current timetable, we estimate that the UN examination will take place in early 2025 at the earliest</li> </ul></span> </div> <a id="stage-5" class="stage-name cycle-6-5" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-5" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-5" href="#cycle-6-5"><span><h3>5. UN publishes recommendations</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-5" class="stage-details collapse "> <span><ul> <li><a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2fC%2fGBR%2fCO%2f6&Lang=en">Previous UN recommendations to the UK (June 2019)</a></li> <li>Based on the current timetable, we estimate that the UN will publish its new recommendations to the UK in 2025</li> <li><a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/?posts_per_page=10&s=&un_treaties%5B%5D=convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading-treatment-cat&post_types%5B%5D=un_recommendation&from%5Bday%5D=&from%5Bmonth%5D=&from%5Byear%5D=&to%5Bday%5D=&to%5Bmonth%5D=&to%5Byear%5D=">Search our Human Rights Tracker for all CAT recommendations in plain English and Welsh</a></li> </ul></span> </div> <a id="stage-6" class="stage-name cycle-6-6" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#stagecycle-6-6" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stagecycle-6-6" href="#cycle-6-6"><span><h3>6. Government implements recommendations</h3><span><i class="fas fa-caret-down"></i><i class="fas fa-caret-up"></i></span></span> </a> <div id="stagecycle-6-6" class="stage-details collapse "> <span><ul> <li><a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2fC%2fGBR%2fFCO%2f6&Lang=en">UK state follow-up report to the UN’s last set of recommendations (August 2020)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/human-rights/britain-and-convention-against-torture">Our follow-up report on the Government’s progress in implementing the UN recommendations (May 2020)</a></li> <li><a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/overarching-progress/">Search our Human Rights Tracker for our assessments of Government progress in implementing its international obligations</a></li> </ul></span> </div> <div id="cycle-6-3" class="cycle-image blank-cycle-image cycle-6_3"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row" > <div class="col-md-6 column-view"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <h2 class="header-icon icon-info">Optional protocols</h2> <p><a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/OPCAT.aspx">CAT has one Optional Protocol</a>. This is an additional treaty that establishes the UN Sub-committee on Prevention of Torture and national preventive mechanisms (NPMs). Under this Optional Protocol, governments must set up NPMs to monitor the treatment of people deprived of their liberty, with a view to strengthening protection against torture and ill-treatment. This has been ratified by the government and there is a <a href="https://www.nationalpreventivemechanism.org.uk/">UK National Preventive Mechanism</a>. Find out more about the <a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/how-to-monitor-human-rights-2/optional-protocol-to-the-convention-against-torture-opcat/">Optional Protocol</a>. <h2>Declaration under Article 22</h2> Governments can make a declaration under Article 22 of CAT. This agrees to let people make individual complaints to the Committee Against Torture if they believe their rights have been violated. It can only be used when all domestic channels have been exhausted. The UK has not made a declaration.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 column-view"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <h2 class="header-icon icon-comments">General comments</h2> <p><a href="https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/treatybodyexternal/TBSearch.aspx?Lang=en&TreatyID=1&DocTypeID=11">The Committee Against Torture has issued a number of General Comments on CAT</a>. These provide further detail on how it should be interpreted. The comments cover issues such as the obligation of the State to take effective measures to prevent torture and the right of victims of torture and ill-treatment to obtain redress.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="updated"> Last updated on 01/11/2024 </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <script> (function() { if (location.hash !== undefined && document.getElementById(location.hash.substr(1)).getAttribute('aria-expanded') == 'false') { document.getElementById(location.hash.substr(1)).click(); } })(); </script> </div> <footer id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="search-cta"> <a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/?s=" aria-label="Search the tracker now"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i>Search the tracker now </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-912"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/accessibility-statement" class="nav-link">Accessibility statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-428" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-428"><a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/contact-us/" class="nav-link">Contact us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-911"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/terms-use" class="nav-link">Terms of use</a></li> <li id="menu-item-905" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-905"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/privacy-notice" class="nav-link">Privacy notice</a></li> <li id="menu-item-913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-913"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/corporate-reporting/equality-and-diversity/welsh-language-standards" class="nav-link">Welsh language standards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-914" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-914"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/complaint-policy-and-procedure" class="nav-link">Complaint policy and procedure</a></li> <li id="menu-item-915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-915"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/freedom-information-act-policy" class="nav-link">Freedom of Information Act policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-423" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-423"><a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/cookies-policy/" class="nav-link">Cookies policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-916"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/website-feedback" class="nav-link">Website feedback</a></li> <li id="menu-item-439" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-439"><a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en" class="nav-link">Learn more about the Equality and Human Rights Commission</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2157" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2157"><a href="https://humanrightstracker.com/en/report-a-broken-link/" class="nav-link">Report a broken link</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery("#language_switcher").on("change", function() { location.href = jQuery(this).val() }); 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