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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philadelphia_and_Pennsylvania_Associators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Philadelphia and Pennsylvania Associators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philadelphia_and_Pennsylvania_Associators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associators_in_American_Revolutionary_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associators_in_American_Revolutionary_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Associators in American Revolutionary War</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Associators_in_American_Revolutionary_War-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Associators in American Revolutionary War subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Associators_in_American_Revolutionary_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_Patriot_Associators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Patriot_Associators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>American Patriot Associators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Patriot_Associators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Province_of_Pennsylvania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Pennsylvania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Province of Pennsylvania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Pennsylvania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Loyalist_Associators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Loyalist_Associators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>British Loyalist Associators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Loyalist_Associators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Province_of_Georgia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Georgia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Province of Georgia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Georgia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_Massachusetts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Massachusetts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Province of Massachusetts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Massachusetts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_Maryland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Maryland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Province of Maryland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Maryland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_New_Jersey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_New_Jersey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Province of New Jersey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_New_Jersey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_New_York" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_New_York"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Province of New York</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_New_York-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_Pennsylvania_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Pennsylvania_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Province of Pennsylvania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Pennsylvania_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Province_of_Rhode_Island" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Province_of_Rhode_Island"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>Province of Rhode Island</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Province_of_Rhode_Island-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Loyalist_Associators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Loyalist_Associators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.8</span> <span>Other Loyalist Associators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Loyalist_Associators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Associators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Associators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable Associators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Associators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Associators</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg/300px-Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg/450px-Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg/600px-Paxton_Boys_march_on_Philadelphia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3770" data-file-height="2678" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A 1764 illustration of the Pennsylvania Associators assembling in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> after news of the <a href="/wiki/Paxton_Boys" title="Paxton Boys">Paxton Boys</a> marching on the city</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1689-1784</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/British_America" title="British America">British America</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Great Britain"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data">colonial militia, <a href="/wiki/Military_volunteer" title="Military volunteer">independent volunteers</a>, military association, <a href="/wiki/Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="Refugees">refugees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partisan_(military)" title="Partisan (military)">partisans</a>, (<a href="/wiki/Auxiliaries" title="Auxiliaries">auxiliary troops</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dragoons" class="mw-redirect" title="Dragoons">dragoons</a> (mounted infantry), artillery</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">company-regiment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Revolution_(Maryland)" title="Protestant Revolution (Maryland)">Maryland Protestant Rebellion</a> (1689) <p><a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a> (1744-1748) <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a> (1754-1763) </p> <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> (1775-1783)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Maryland" title="List of colonial governors of Maryland">Maryland Colonial Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_Blakiston" title="Nehemiah Blakiston">Nehemiah Blakiston</a></li> <li>Colonel <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Blucke" title="Stephen Blucke">Stephen Blucke</a></li> <li>Captain <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Joseph Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Tye" title="Colonel Tye">Colonel Tye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Maryland" title="List of colonial governors of Maryland">Maryland Colonial Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Coode_(Governor_of_Maryland)" title="John Coode (Governor of Maryland)">John Coode</a></li> <li>Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Oliver_De_Lancey_(American_loyalist)" title="Oliver De Lancey (American loyalist)">Oliver De Lancey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a></li> <li>Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Skinner" title="Cortlandt Skinner">Cortlandt Skinner</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg/240px-Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg/360px-Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Battle_of_the_Severn_Cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="331" /></a><figcaption>English <a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Maryland" title="Province of Maryland">Province of Maryland</a>, known as "Protestant associators", revolted in the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Revolution_(Maryland)" title="Protestant Revolution (Maryland)">Maryland Protestant Rebellion</a>; this was part of the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Glorious Revolution</a> of 1689. They were led by <a href="/wiki/John_Coode_(Governor_of_Maryland)" title="John Coode (Governor of Maryland)">John Coode</a>, who overthrew the colonial <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholic</a> government within the colony</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/200px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/300px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png/400px-Feke_-_Benjamin_Franklin.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="952" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, in 1747, during <a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a>, wrote and published the pamphlet, <i>Plain Truth</i>, calling for a voluntary association to defend <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg/200px-Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg/300px-Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg/400px-Joseph_Brant_painting_by_George_Romney_1776_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1881" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Joseph Brant</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> led <a href="/wiki/Brant%27s_Volunteers" title="Brant's Volunteers">Brant's Volunteers</a> an irregular British Loyalist associators unit, of mixed <a href="/wiki/Mohawk_people" title="Mohawk people">Mohawk</a> Indians and white soldiers raised during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> who fought on the British side in the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">Province of New York</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg/275px-2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg/413px-2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg/550px-2nd_Batallion_Associators_Pennsylvania_National_Guard_U.S._Army_Patch_Insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1310" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption>2nd Battalion, "Associators", <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania National Guard">Pennsylvania National Guard</a>, <a href="/wiki/111th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="111th Infantry Regiment (United States)">U.S. Army 111th Infantry Regiment</a> insignia patch</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Associators</b> were members of 17th- and 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">volunteer military associations</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies" title="Thirteen Colonies">British American thirteen colonies</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="British Canada">British Colony of Canada</a>. These were more commonly known as Maryland Protestant, Pennsylvania, and American Patriot and British Loyalist colonial <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militias</a>. But unlike militias, the associator <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_military" title="Volunteer military">military volunteers</a> were exempt from regular mandatory military service. Other names used to describe associators were "<b><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_associations" class="mw-redirect" title="Voluntary associations">Associations</a></b>", "<b>Associated</b>", "<b><a href="/wiki/Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="Refugees">Refugees</a></b>", "<b>Volunteers</b>", and "<b><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(military)" title="Partisan (military)">Partisans</a></b>". </p><p>The term <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Non-Associator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non-Associator (page does not exist)">Non-Associators</a></i> was applied to American colonists who refused to support and sign "military association" <a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">charters</a>. They were not affiliated with associators, or would choose instead, to pay a fine and suffer possible retaliation. During the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, some associator units were said to operate more like, or were in fact loose-knit criminal gangs, taking advantage of the disruption of warfare. </p><p>The present-day <a href="/wiki/111th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="111th Infantry Regiment (United States)">U.S. Army 111th Infantry Regiment</a> <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Army_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania Army National Guard">Pennsylvania Army National Guard</a>'s 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, <a href="/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="28th Infantry Division (United States)">28th Infantry Division</a> is nicknamed the "Associators", helping to preserve the volunteer associators' ancestral legacy in Pennsylvania. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maryland_Protestant_Associators">Maryland Protestant Associators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Maryland Protestant Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Revolution_(Maryland)" title="Protestant Revolution (Maryland)">Protestant Revolution (Maryland)</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Coode_(Governor_of_Maryland)" title="John Coode (Governor of Maryland)">John Coode</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_Blakiston" title="Nehemiah Blakiston">Nehemiah Blakiston</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philadelphia_and_Pennsylvania_Associators">Philadelphia and Pennsylvania Associators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Philadelphia and Pennsylvania Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During <a href="/wiki/King_George%27s_War" title="King George's War">King George's War</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>, in 1747, wrote and published the pamphlet, "Plain Truth", calling for a <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_association" title="Voluntary association">voluntary association</a> to defend <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>. This was in line with his earlier formation of volunteer fire-companies. This organization was formed and approved by the council and the officers would be commissioned by the Council President.<sup id="cite_ref-Newland_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1755 these groups were re-established in response to <a href="/wiki/Edward_Braddock" title="Edward Braddock">Braddock</a>'s defeat.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/103rd_Engineer_Battalion_(United_States)" title="103rd Engineer Battalion (United States)">103rd Engineer Battalion (United States)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/111th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="111th Infantry Regiment (United States)">U.S. Army 111th Infantry Regiment</a> <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Army_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania Army National Guard">Pennsylvania Army National Guard</a>'s 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team, <a href="/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="28th Infantry Division (United States)">28th Infantry Division</a>, nicknamed the "Associators", traces their lineages to these Pennsylvania Associators. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associators_in_American_Revolutionary_War">Associators in American Revolutionary War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Associators in American Revolutionary War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Patriot_Associators">American Patriot Associators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: American Patriot Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_militia_units_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="List of United States militia units in the American Revolutionary War">List of United States militia units in the American Revolutionary War</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Pennsylvania">Province of Pennsylvania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Province of Pennsylvania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1776, Pennsylvania, Patriot, volunteer, military groups, in the tradition of earlier, colonial, associator militias, used the name the <a href="/wiki/111th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="111th Infantry Regiment (United States)">Pennsylvania Associators</a> and in 1777, were renamed the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania National Guard">Pennsylvania State Militia</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanover_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanover Associators (page does not exist)">Hanover Associators</a> (1774)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bucks_County_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bucks County Associators (page does not exist)">Bucks County Associators</a> (1775-1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancaster_County_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lancaster County Associators (page does not exist)">Lancaster County Associators</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northumberland_County_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northumberland County Associators (page does not exist)">Northumberland County Associators</a> (1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artillery_Battalion,_Pennsylvania_Militia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artillery Battalion, Pennsylvania Militia (page does not exist)">Artillery Battalion, Pennsylvania Militia</a> (Philadelphia) (1747)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Battalion_of_Philadelphia_County_Militia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Battalion of Philadelphia County Militia (page does not exist)">4th Battalion of Philadelphia County Militia</a> (1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philadelphia_Brigade_of_Militia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philadelphia Brigade of Militia (page does not exist)">Philadelphia Brigade of Militia</a> (1747)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Battalion,_Philadelphia_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Battalion, Philadelphia Associators (page does not exist)">2nd Battalion, Philadelphia Associators</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Battalion,_Philadelphia_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Battalion, Philadelphia Associators (page does not exist)">3rd Battalion, Philadelphia Associators</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Loyalist_Associators">British Loyalist Associators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: British Loyalist Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_British_units_in_the_American_Revolutionary_War" title="List of British units in the American Revolutionary War">List of British units in the American Revolutionary War</a></div> <p>Many Loyalist <a href="/wiki/Irregular_military" title="Irregular military">irregulars</a> who fought with the British in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> were "associators". These units were sometimes commissioned by the commander in chief but could also be commissioned by the commander of a <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> or a royal colonial governor. They received no pay, and often no uniforms; they were usually issued provisions, but relied on labor or <a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">looting</a> to earn money. Loyalist Associators often served in mixed-race units, composed of whites, escaped slaves, and even American Indians. </p><p>Perhaps one of the most famous Loyalist associators was <a href="/wiki/Colonel_Tye" title="Colonel Tye">Colonel Tye</a>, a former slave and leader of the infamous "Black Brigade". He was the first known black officer in North American military history. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Georgia">Province of Georgia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Province of Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Augusta_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augusta Associators (page does not exist)">Augusta Associators</a> (<a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta</a>) (1781)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Massachusetts">Province of Massachusetts</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Province of Massachusetts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyal_American_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyal American Association (page does not exist)">Loyal American Association</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>) (1775-1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyal_Associated_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyal Associated Refugees (page does not exist)">Loyal Associated Refugees</a> (1779)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyal_Irish_Volunteers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyal Irish Volunteers (page does not exist)">Loyal Irish Volunteers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>) (1775-1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pepperell%27s_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pepperell's Corps (page does not exist)">Pepperell's Corps</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>) (1779-?)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_North_British_Volunteers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal North British Volunteers (page does not exist)">Royal North British Volunteers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>) (1775-1776)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Maryland">Province of Maryland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Province of Maryland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maryland_Royal_Retaliators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maryland Royal Retaliators (page does not exist)">Maryland Royal Retaliators</a> (raised in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>) (1780-1781)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_New_Jersey">Province of New Jersey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Province of New Jersey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Franklin" title="William Franklin">Associated Loyalists</a> (also known as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Governor_Franklin%27s_Associated_Loyalists&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Governor Franklin's Associated Loyalists (page does not exist)">Governor Franklin's Associated Loyalists</a>) (1780–1782)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Black_Brigade_(Loyalist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Black Brigade (Loyalist) (page does not exist)">Black Brigade</a><sup id="cite_ref-Newland_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Black_Pioneers_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Black_Pioneers-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Black_Loyalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Loyalists">Black Loyalists</a>) led by Colonel Tye and later, Colonel <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Blucke" title="Stephen Blucke">Stephen Blucke</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth County</a>) (1779-1783)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=King%E2%80%99s_Militia_Volunteers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King’s Militia Volunteers (page does not exist)">King’s Militia Volunteers</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Monmouth_County,_New_Jersey" title="Monmouth County, New Jersey">Monmouth County</a>) (1779–1780)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Robbers" title="Pine Robbers">Pine Robbers</a> (outlaw gangs) (<a href="/wiki/Pine_Barrens_(New_Jersey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pine Barrens (New Jersey)">New Jersey Pine Barrens</a>) (1776–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bacon_(Loyalist)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Bacon (Loyalist)">Refugees</a> (unit of New Jersey Royal Governor <a href="/wiki/William_Franklin" title="William Franklin">William Franklin</a>'s Associated Loyalists and <a href="/wiki/Pine_Robbers" title="Pine Robbers">Pine Robbers</a> gang) (<a href="/wiki/Pine_Barrens_(New_Jersey)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pine Barrens (New Jersey)">New Jersey Pine Barrens</a>), (<a href="/wiki/Ocean_County,_New_Jersey" title="Ocean County, New Jersey">Ocean County</a>) (1780–1782)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_New_York">Province of New York</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Province of New York"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_American_Regiment" title="King's American Regiment">Associated Refugees</a> (also known as the <a href="/wiki/King%27s_American_Regiment" title="King's American Regiment">King's American Regiment</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>) (1776-1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brant%27s_Volunteers" title="Brant's Volunteers">Brant's Volunteers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_New_York" title="Province of New York">New York</a>) (1777-1779)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Lancey%27s_Brigade" title="De Lancey's Brigade">De Lancey's Refugees</a> (also known as "Cowboys" and part of <a href="/wiki/De_Lancey%27s_Brigade" title="De Lancey's Brigade">De Lancey's Brigade</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>) (1776-1783)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hatfield%27s_Company_of_Partisans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hatfield's Company of Partisans (page does not exist)">Hatfield's Company of Partisans</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Partisan_(military)" title="Partisan (military)">partisans</a> <a href="/wiki/Irregulars" class="mw-redirect" title="Irregulars">irregulars</a> led by Captain <a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Hatfield,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Cornelius Hatfield, Jr.">Cornelius Hatfield, Jr.</a>, and part of the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Volunteers_(Skinner%27s_Greens)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey Volunteers (Skinner's Greens)">New Jersey Volunteers (Skinner's Greens)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>) (1779-1782)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazard%27s_Corps_of_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazard's Corps of Refugees (page does not exist)">Hazard's Corps of Refugees</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>) (1780–1782)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyal_Refugee_Volunteers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyal Refugee Volunteers (page does not exist)">Loyal Refugee Volunteers</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a>) (1779–1782)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Pennsylvania_2">Province of Pennsylvania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Province of Pennsylvania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doan_Outlaws" title="Doan Outlaws">Doan Gang</a> (outlaws) (<a href="/wiki/Bucks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Bucks County, Pennsylvania">Bucks County</a>) (1774–1783)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Province_of_Rhode_Island">Province of Rhode Island</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Province of Rhode Island"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loyal_Newport_Associators&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loyal Newport Associators (page does not exist)">Loyal Newport Associators</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (also known as the Loyal Newport Volunteers) (<a href="/wiki/Newport,_Rhode_Island" title="Newport, Rhode Island">Newport</a>) (1777–1779)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_Loyalist_Associators">Other Loyalist Associators</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other Loyalist Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robins_Company_of_Partisans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robins Company of Partisans (page does not exist)">Robins Company of Partisans</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Partisan_(military)" title="Partisan (military)">partisan</a> <a href="/wiki/Irregulars" class="mw-redirect" title="Irregulars">irregulars</a>) (1780-1782?)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharp%27s_Refugee_Marines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharp's Refugee Marines (page does not exist)">Sharp's Refugee Marines</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Marines" title="Marines">marines</a> - naval infantry force) (1779)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Stewart%27s_Company_of_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Stewart's Company of Refugees (page does not exist)">James Stewart's Company of Refugees</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1780-1781)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzal_Ward%27s_Company_of_Refugees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzal Ward's Company of Refugees (page does not exist)">Uzal Ward's Company of Refugees</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1780-1783)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Associators">Notable Associators</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable Associators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_Blakiston" title="Nehemiah Blakiston">Nehemiah Blakiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Blucke" title="Stephen Blucke">Stephen Blucke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Etter" title="Peter Etter">Peter Etter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Joseph Brant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonel_Tye" title="Colonel Tye">Colonel Tye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coode_(Governor_of_Maryland)" title="John Coode (Governor of Maryland)">John Coode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_De_Lancey_(American_loyalist)" title="Oliver De Lancey (American loyalist)">Oliver De Lancey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doan_Outlaws" title="Doan Outlaws">Doan Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harpe Brothers">Harpe Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Skinner" title="Cortlandt Skinner">Cortlandt Skinner</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_troops_in_the_French_and_Indian_Wars" title="Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars">Provincial troops in the French and Indian Wars</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Newland-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Newland_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newland_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Newland, Samuel J. <i>The Pennsylvania Militia: Defending the Commonwealth and the nation, 1669-1870</i>, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Military and Veterans Affairs (2002), pp. 36-45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4sRR_FAZ2_gC&pg=PA358"><i>The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Volume 26</i></a>. 1902<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pennsylvania+Magazine+of+History+and+Biography%2C+Volume+26&rft.date=1902&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4sRR_FAZ2_gC%26pg%3DPA358&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=arI0HSFXwLkC&pg=PA420">Jonathan D. Sutherland, <i>African Americans at War</i>, ABC-CLIO, 2003, pp. 420–421, accessed May 4, 2010</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Black_Pioneers-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Black_Pioneers_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Black Loyalists: Our History, Our People</i>. Canada's Digital Collection. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rlist/rlist.htm">"Loyalist Institute: List of Loyalist Regiments"</a>. <i>www.royalprovincial.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royalprovincial.com&rft.atitle=Loyalist+Institute%3A+List+of+Loyalist+Regiments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalprovincial.com%2Fmilitary%2Frlist%2Frlist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rhist/kmilvol/kmvnot1.htm">"Loyalist Institute: King's Militia Volunteers, Jail Break Notice"</a>. <i>www.royalprovincial.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royalprovincial.com&rft.atitle=Loyalist+Institute%3A+King%27s+Militia+Volunteers%2C+Jail+Break+Notice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalprovincial.com%2Fmilitary%2Frhist%2Fkmilvol%2Fkmvnot1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdelberg1997" class="citation book cs1">Adelberg, Michael S. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kXDyC76jyisC&dq=King%E2%80%99s+Militia+Volunteers&pg=PA139"><i>Roster of the People of Revolutionary Monmouth County (New Jersey)</i></a>. Genealogical Publishing Com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780806346779" title="Special:BookSources/9780806346779"><bdi>9780806346779</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roster+of+the+People+of+Revolutionary+Monmouth+County+%28New+Jersey%29&rft.pub=Genealogical+Publishing+Com&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780806346779&rft.aulast=Adelberg&rft.aufirst=Michael+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkXDyC76jyisC%26dq%3DKing%25E2%2580%2599s%2BMilitia%2BVolunteers%26pg%3DPA139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rhist/hazard/hclist.htm">"Loyalist Institute: Index to Hazard's Corps of Refugees History"</a>. <i>www.royalprovincial.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royalprovincial.com&rft.atitle=Loyalist+Institute%3A+Index+to+Hazard%27s+Corps+of+Refugees+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalprovincial.com%2Fmilitary%2Frhist%2Fhazard%2Fhclist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=24stDwAAQBAJ&q=Hazard%27s+Corps+of+Refugees">David M. Griffin, <i>Lost British Forts of Long Island</i>. Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2017. p. 93.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rhist/lrv/lrvlist.htm">"Loyalist Institute: Index to Loyal Refugee Volunteers History"</a>. <i>www.royalprovincial.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royalprovincial.com&rft.atitle=Loyalist+Institute%3A+Index+to+Loyal+Refugee+Volunteers+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalprovincial.com%2Fmilitary%2Frhist%2Flrv%2Flrvlist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Todd Braisted, <i>Thomas Ward and the Loyal Refugee Volunteers at Bergen Neck, 1779-1782</i>. 1999.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PA8AQAAMAAJ&dq=Loyal+Refugee+Volunteers">Alexander Fraser, <i>United Empire Loyalists: Enquiry Into the Losses and Services in Consequence of Their Loyalty. Evidence in the Canadian Claims, Ontario. Department of Public Records and Archives</i>. Ottawa, ON: L.K. Cameron, 1905. p. 654–655.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James J. Gigantino, <i>The American Revolution in New Jersey: Where the Battlefront Meets the Home Front Rivergate Regionals Collection</i>. Rutgers, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2015. p. 73, 81, 83, 202, 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rhist/lnassoc/lnalist.htm">"Loyalist Institute: Index to Loyal Newport Associators History"</a>. <i>www.royalprovincial.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.royalprovincial.com&rft.atitle=Loyalist+Institute%3A+Index+to+Loyal+Newport+Associators+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalprovincial.com%2Fmilitary%2Frhist%2Flnassoc%2Flnalist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAssociators" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HmUFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA286">Abiel Holmes, <i>The annals of America: from the discovery by Columbus in the year 1492, to the year 1826, Volume 1</i>. Cambridge, UK: Hilliard and Brown, 1829 p. 286.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/amloyalists00sabirich">Lorenzo Sabine, <i>The American Loyalists; or, Biographical sketches of adherents to the British crown in the war of the revolution; alphabetically arranged; with a preliminary historical essay</i>. Boston: C.C. Little and J. Brown, 1847. pp. 63, 269.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fl0EAAAAYAAJ&dq=thomas+vernon+loyal+newport+associators&pg=PA749">Samuel Greene Arnold, <i>1701-1790 Volume 2 of History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations</i>. Providence, RI: Preston & Rounds, 1899. p 749.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/descendantsoftho03reed">William Field Reed, <i>The Descendants of Thomas Durfee of Portsmouth, R.I.</i>, Volume 1. Washington D.C.: Gibson Bros., Printers, 1900 p. 207-208.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biographicalske00sabigoog">Lorenzo Sabine, <i>Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution</i>, Volume 3. Carlisle, MA: Applewood Books, 2009. p. 581.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KRRSfy7eVoIC">Theodore Savas and J. David Dameron, <i>Guide to the Battles of the American Revolution</i>. Savas Beatie LLC, 2006. p. xliii.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mo4wDQAAQBAJ&dq=loyalists+in+newport&pg=PT321">Thomas N. Ingersoll, <i>The Loyalist Problem in Revolutionary New England</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2016.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uR13CQAAQBAJ&dq=loyalists+in+newport&pg=PT37">Christian M. McBurney, <i>Spies in Revolutionary Rhode Island</i>. Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2014.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/diaryofthomasver00vern">Thomas Vernon, <i>he diary of Thomas Vernon, a loyalist, banished from Newport by the Rhode Island general assembly in 1776</i>. Providence, R.I.: S. S. Rider, 1881.</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Farrelly, Maura Jane. <i>Papist Patriots: The Making of an American Catholic Identity</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.</li> <li>Newland, Samuel J. <i>The Pennsylvania Militia: Defending the Commonwealth and the nation, 1669-1870</i>. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Military and Veterans Affairs, 2002.</li> <li>Ryan, William R. <i>The World of Thomas Jeremiah: Charles Town on the Eve of the American Revolution</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.</li> <li>Seymour, Joseph. <i>The Pennsylvania Associators, 1747-1777</i>. Yardley, PA: Westholme Publishing, 2012.</li> <li>Verenna, Thomas. "Explaining Pennsylvania's Militia", <i>Journal of the American Revolution</i>, June 17, 2014.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rlist/rlist.htm">List of British Loyalist Associators - The On-Line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Associators&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cynthiaswope.com/withinthevines/amrevolution/assoctr.html">History of (Pennsylvania) Associators and the Military Association 1775-1777 - The Associators of the Revolution</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/The-Pennsylvania-Associators-1747-1777-359518067391816/The">Pennsylvania Associators, 1747-1777 - (Facebook)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalprovincial.com/military/rlist/rlist.htm">List of British Loyalist Associators - The On-Line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trailofourancestors.com/revwar.htm">"Loyalist Muster Rolls" Revolutionary War Oaths of Allegiance and Non-Associators</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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Congress">Second Continental Congress (1775–1776)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founding of the<br />United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Join,_or_Die" title="Join, or Die"><i>Join, or Die.</i> (1754 political cartoon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Plan" title="Albany Plan">Albany Plan of Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Congress" title="Albany Congress">Albany Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchinson_letters_affair" title="Hutchinson letters affair">Hutchinson letters affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Secret_Correspondence" title="Committee of Secret Correspondence">Committee of Secret Correspondence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Five" title="Committee of Five">Committee of Five</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_men_are_created_equal" title="All men are created equal">"...to be self-evident"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Declaration_of_Independence" title="United States Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Treaty" title="Model Treaty">Model Treaty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_alliance" title="Franco-American alliance">Franco-American alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_(France%E2%80%93United_States)" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce (France–United States)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alliance_(1778)" title="Treaty of Alliance (1778)">Treaty of Alliance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Peace_Conference" title="Staten Island Peace Conference">Staten Island Peace Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Constitution_of_1776" title="Pennsylvania Constitution of 1776">1776 Pennsylvania Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertas_Americana" title="Libertas Americana">Libertas Americana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Paris, 1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Delegate, 1787 Constitutional Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pennsylvania#Government" title="Province of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Postmaster_General" title="United States Postmaster General">Postmaster General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inventions,<br />other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin%27s_electrostatic_machine" title="Franklin's electrostatic machine">Franklin's electrostatic machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifocals" title="Bifocals">Bifocals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_stove" title="Franklin stove">Franklin stove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_harmonica#Franklin's_armonica" title="Glass harmonica">Glass armonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Stream#History" title="Gulf Stream">Gulf Stream exploration, naming, and chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_rod" title="Lightning rod">Lightning rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_experiment" title="Kite experiment">Kite experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pay_it_forward" title="Pay it forward">Pay it forward</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Associators</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/111th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="111th Infantry Regiment (United States)">111th Infantry Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junto_(club)" title="Junto (club)">Junto club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_Company_of_Philadelphia" title="Library Company of Philadelphia">Library Company of Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Hospital" title="Pennsylvania Hospital">Pennsylvania Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_and_College_of_Philadelphia" title="Academy and College of Philadelphia">Academy and College of Philadelphia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Contributionship" title="Philadelphia Contributionship">Philadelphia Contributionship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Fire_Company" title="Union Fire Company">Union Fire Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_American_currency" title="Early American currency">Early American currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Currency_dollar_coin" title="Continental Currency dollar coin">Continental Currency dollar coin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fugio_cent" title="Fugio cent">Fugio cent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_the_United_States#Early_postal_history" title="Postage stamps and postal history of the United States">United States Postal Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_street_lighting_in_the_United_States" title="History of street lighting in the United States">Street lighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Abolition_Society" title="Pennsylvania Abolition Society">President, Pennsylvania Abolition Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Neuf_S%C5%93urs" title="Les Neuf Sœurs">Master, Les Neuf Sœurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church_Burial_Ground" title="Christ Church Burial Ground">Gravesite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Papers_of_Benjamin_Franklin" title="The Papers of Benjamin Franklin">The Papers of Benjamin Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founders_Online" title="Founders Online">Founders Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silence_Dogood" title="Silence Dogood">Silence Dogood letters (1722)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Dissertation_on_Liberty_and_Necessity,_Pleasure_and_Pain" title="A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain"><i>A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain</i> (1725)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Busy-Body_(pen_name)" title="The Busy-Body (pen name)">The Busy-Body columns (1729)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pennsylvania_Gazette" title="The Pennsylvania Gazette"><i>The Pennsylvania Gazette</i> (1729–1790)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_American_publishers_and_printers" title="Early American publishers and printers">Early American publishers and printers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_Richard%27s_Almanack" title="Poor Richard's Almanack"><i>Poor Richard's Almanack</i> (1732–1758)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Drinker%27s_Dictionary" title="The Drinker's Dictionary">The Drinker's Dictionary (1737)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advice_to_a_Friend_on_Choosing_a_Mistress" title="Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress">"Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress" (1745)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Speech_of_Polly_Baker" title="The Speech of Polly Baker">"The Speech of Polly Baker" (1747)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observations_Concerning_the_Increase_of_Mankind,_Peopling_of_Countries,_etc." title="Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, etc."><i>Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, etc.</i> (1751)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experiments_and_Observations_on_Electricity" title="Experiments and Observations on Electricity"><i>Experiments and Observations on Electricity</i> (1751)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Birch#Copies_of_Franklin_letters" title="Thomas Birch">Birch letters (1755)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_to_Wealth" title="The Way to Wealth"><i>The Way to Wealth</i> (1758)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Chronicle" title="Pennsylvania Chronicle"><i>Pennsylvania Chronicle</i> (1767)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Rules_By_Which_A_Great_Empire_May_Be_Reduced_To_A_Small_One" class="extiw" title="s:Rules By Which A Great Empire May Be Reduced To A Small One"><i>Rules by Which a Great Empire May Be Reduced to a Small One</i> (1773)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_removal#Benjamin_Franklin" title="Indian removal">Proposed alliance with the Iroquois (1775)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Letter_to_a_Royal_Academy" title="A Letter to a Royal Academy"><i>A Letter to a Royal Academy</i> (1781)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_savage#Benjamin_Franklin's_Remarks_Concerning_the_Savages_of_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble savage"><i>Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America</i> (1784)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Morals_of_Chess" title="The Morals of Chess">"The Morals of Chess" (1786)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/An_Address_to_the_Public" class="extiw" title="s:An Address to the Public"><i>An Address to the Public</i> (1789)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Plan_for_Improving_the_Condition_of_the_Free_Blacks" class="extiw" title="s:A Plan for Improving the Condition of the Free Blacks"><i>A Plan for Improving the Condition of the Free Blacks</i> (1789)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Autobiography_of_Benjamin_Franklin" title="The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin"><i>The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin</i> (1771–1790, pub. 1791)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagatelles_and_Satires" title="Bagatelles and Satires"><i>Bagatelles and Satires</i> (pub. 1845)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_American_newspapers#The_New_England_Courant" title="History of American newspapers">Franklin as a journalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin%27s_phonetic_alphabet" title="Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet">Franklin's phonetic alphabet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Benjamin_Franklin" title="Bibliography of Benjamin Franklin">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Court" title="Franklin Court">Franklin Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_House" title="Benjamin Franklin House">Benjamin Franklin House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology">Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Parkway" title="Benjamin Franklin Parkway">Benjamin Franklin Parkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_National_Memorial" title="Benjamin Franklin National Memorial">Benjamin Franklin National Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Institute" title="Franklin Institute">Franklin Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Institute_Awards" title="Franklin Institute Awards">awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Medal" title="Franklin Medal">medal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Medal_(American_Philosophical_Society)" title="Benjamin Franklin Medal (American Philosophical Society)">Benjamin Franklin Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Medal_(Royal_Society_of_Arts)" title="Benjamin Franklin Medal (Royal Society of Arts)">Royal Society of Arts medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Washington" title="The Apotheosis of Washington">Depicted in <i>The Apotheosis of Washington</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_to_the_56_Signers_of_the_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence">Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(painting)" title="Treaty of Paris (painting)">Treaty of Paris</a></i> (1783 painting)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Drawing_Electricity_from_the_Sky" title="Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky">Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky</a></i> (1816 painting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_War_Door" title="Revolutionary War Door">Revolutionary War Door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Boston)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Boston)">Boston statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Chicago)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Chicago)">Chicago statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Columbus,_Ohio)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Columbus, Ohio)">Columbus, Ohio, statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(University_of_Pennsylvania)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (University of Pennsylvania)">University of Pennsylvania statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Portland,_Oregon)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Portland, Oregon)">Portland, Oregon, statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(San_Francisco)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (San Francisco)">San Francisco statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Stanford_University)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Stanford University)">Stanford University statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Benjamin_Franklin_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Statue of Benjamin Franklin (Washington, D.C.)">Washington D.C. statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial#Exterior" title="Jefferson Memorial">Jefferson Memorial pediment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refunding_Certificate" title="Refunding Certificate">Refunding Certificate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_half_dollar" title="Franklin half dollar">Franklin half dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_one-hundred-dollar_bill" title="United States one-hundred-dollar bill">One-hundred-dollar bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_silver_dollar" title="Benjamin Franklin silver dollar">Franklin silver dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Franklin_Issues" title="Washington–Franklin Issues">Washington–Franklin stamps</a> <ul><li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Benjamin_Franklin_on_stamps" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Benjamin Franklin on stamps">other stamps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_named_for_Benjamin_Franklin" title="List of places named for Benjamin Franklin">Cities, counties, schools named for Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_College" title="Benjamin Franklin College">Benjamin Franklin College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Field" title="Franklin Field">Franklin Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Franklin_(New_Hampshire)" title="Mount Franklin (New Hampshire)">Mount Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Franklin" title="State of Franklin">State of Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Ben_(MLS_supporters_association)" title="Sons of Ben (MLS supporters association)">Sons of Ben (Philadelphia Union)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Franklin" title="USS Franklin">Ships named USS <i>Franklin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Franklin_effect" title="Ben Franklin effect">Ben Franklin effect</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_in_popular_culture" title="Benjamin Franklin in popular culture">In popular culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_and_Me" title="Ben and Me"><i>Ben and Me</i> (1953 short)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Franklin_in_Paris" title="Ben Franklin in Paris"><i>Ben Franklin in Paris</i> (1964 musical play)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(musical)" title="1776 (musical)"><i>1776</i> (1969 musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(film)" title="1776 (film)">1972 film</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_(miniseries)" title="Benjamin Franklin (miniseries)"><i>Benjamin Franklin</i> (miniseries)</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_More_Perfect_Union_(film)" title="A More Perfect Union (film)"><i>A More Perfect Union</i> (1989 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty!" title="Liberty!"><i>Liberty!</i> (1997 documentary series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty%27s_Kids" title="Liberty's Kids"><i>Liberty's Kids</i> (2002 animated series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_(2002_TV_series)" title="Benjamin Franklin (2002 TV series)"><i>Benjamin Franklin</i> (2002 documentary series)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(miniseries)" title="John Adams (miniseries)"><i>John Adams</i> (2008 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty_(miniseries)" title="Sons of Liberty (miniseries)"><i>Sons of Liberty</i> (2015 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_(film)" title="Benjamin Franklin (film)"><i>Benjamin Franklin</i> (2022 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_(miniseries)" title="Franklin (miniseries)"><i>Franklin</i> (2024 miniseries)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enlightenment" title="American Enlightenment">American Enlightenment</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New-England_Courant" title="The New-England Courant">The New-England Courant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Museum_(magazine)" title="The American Museum (magazine)"><i>The American Museum</i> magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">patriots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syng_inkstand" title="Syng inkstand">Syng inkstand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Read" title="Deborah Read">Deborah Read (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Franklin" title="William Franklin">William Franklin (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Folger_Franklin" title="Francis Folger Franklin">Francis Franklin (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Franklin_Bache" title="Sarah Franklin Bache">Sarah Franklin Bache (daughter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Temple_Franklin" title="William Temple Franklin">William Franklin (grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Bache" title="Benjamin Franklin Bache">Benjamin F. Bache (grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Franklin_Bache" title="Louis Franklin Bache">Louis F. Bache (grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bache_Jr." title="Richard Bache Jr.">Richard Bache Jr. (grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_A._Harwood" title="Andrew A. Harwood">Andrew Harwood (great-grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dallas_Bache" title="Alexander Dallas Bache">Alexander Bache (great-grandson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Franklin" title="Josiah Franklin">Josiah Franklin (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Franklin_(printer)" title="James Franklin (printer)">James Franklin (brother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Franklin_Mecom" title="Jane Franklin Mecom">Jane Mecom (sister)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Morrell_Folger" title="Mary Morrell Folger">Mary Morrell Folger (grandmother)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Folger_(Nantucket_settler)" title="Peter Folger (Nantucket settler)">Peter Folger (grandfather)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bache" title="Richard Bache">Richard Bache (son-in-law)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Smith_Franklin" title="Ann Smith Franklin">Ann Smith Franklin (sister-in-law)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span 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hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:John_Dickinson" title="Template:John Dickinson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:John_Dickinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:John Dickinson (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:John_Dickinson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:John Dickinson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="John_Dickinson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson" title="John Dickinson">John Dickinson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of governors of Pennsylvania">5th President of Pennsylvania, 1782–1785</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Delaware" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Delaware">5th President of Delaware, 1781–1783</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress" title="Second Continental Congress">Second Continental Congress, 1775–1776, 1779–1781</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Continental_Congress" title="First Continental Congress">First Continental Congress, 1774</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stamp_Act_Congress" title="Stamp Act Congress">Stamp Act Congress, 1765</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding of the</a><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Rights_and_Grievances" title="Declaration of Rights and Grievances">Declaration of Rights and Grievances (1765)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_from_a_Farmer_in_Pennsylvania" title="Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"><i>Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania</i> (1767, 1768)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Liberty_Song" title="The Liberty Song">"The Liberty Song" (1768</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_we_stand,_divided_we_fall#Use_in_U.S._history" title="United we stand, divided we fall">United we stand, divided we fall)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petition_to_the_King" title="Petition to the King">Petition to the King (1774)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Association" title="Continental Association">Signee, Continental Association (1774)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_correspondence" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee of correspondence">Pennsylvania Committee of Correspondence (1774–1776)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_to_the_inhabitants_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters to the inhabitants of Canada">"Letter to the inhabitants of the Province of Quebec" (1774)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive_Branch_Petition" title="Olive Branch Petition">Olive Branch Petition (1775)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms</a> (<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">co-wrote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Causes_and_Necessity_of_Taking_Up_Arms" title="Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms">1775)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Secret_Correspondence" title="Committee of Secret Correspondence">Committee of Secret Correspondence (1775–1776)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Treaty" title="Model Treaty">Model Treaty committee (1776)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union (1776, drafting committee chairman)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Convention_(1786)" title="Annapolis Convention (1786)">President, Annapolis Convention (1786)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Convention_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Convention (United States)">Delegate, Constitutional Convention (1787)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brigadier General, Pennsylvania militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Mutiny_of_1783" title="Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783">Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Constitution_of_1792" title="Delaware Constitution of 1792">Delaware Constitution of 1792</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and homes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Norris_Dickinson" title="Mary Norris Dickinson">Mary Norris Dickinson</a> <small>(wife)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_Dickinson" title="Philemon Dickinson">Philemon Dickinson</a> <small>(brother)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson#Early_life_and_education" title="John Dickinson">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson_House" title="John Dickinson House">Poplar Hall home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Norris_Dickinson#Fair_Hill_estate" title="Mary Norris Dickinson">Fair Hill estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_Meetinghouse_(Wilmington,_Delaware)" title="Friends Meetinghouse (Wilmington, Delaware)">Friends Burial Ground</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dickinson_College" title="Dickinson College">Dickinson College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University_-_Dickinson_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania State University - Dickinson Law">Dickinson School of Law, Pennsylvania State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dickinson_High_School" title="John Dickinson High School">John Dickinson High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(musical)" title="1776 (musical)"><i>1776</i> (1969 musical,</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(film)" title="1776 (film)">1972 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(miniseries)" title="John Adams (miniseries)"><i>John Adams</i> (2008 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Liberty_(miniseries)" title="Sons of Liberty (miniseries)"><i>Sons of Liberty</i> (2015 miniseries)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claymont_Stone_School" title="Claymont Stone School">Claymont Stone School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers</a></li></ul></li></ul> 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