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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"The Mocking of Christ" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Mocking_of_Christ_(disambiguation)" title="The Mocking of Christ (disambiguation)">The Mocking of Christ (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg/200px-Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg/300px-Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg/400px-Mathis_Gothart_Gr%C3%BCnewald_062.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3754" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mocking_of_Christ_(Gr%C3%BCnewald)" title="The Mocking of Christ (Grünewald)">The Mocking of Christ</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald" title="Matthias Grünewald">Matthias Grünewald</a>, c. 1505</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>mocking of Jesus</b> occurred several times, after his <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">trial</a> and before his <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Canonical_gospel" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical gospel">canonical gospels</a> of the New Testament. It is considered part of the <a href="/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion (Christianity)">passion</a> of Jesus. </p><p>According to the gospel narratives, <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a> had <a href="/wiki/Jesus_predicts_his_death" title="Jesus predicts his death">predicted</a> that he would be mocked (Matthew 20:19, Mark 10:34, and Luke 18:32). The mocking of Christ took place in three stages: immediately following his trial, immediately following his condemnation by <a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pontius Pilate</a>, and when he was being crucified. </p><p>The New Testament narratives of Jesus being mocked are filled with <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">irony</a>, while the mockery focuses on the prophetic and kingly roles of Jesus.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_stage">First stage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: First stage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg/220px-The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg/330px-The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg/440px-The_Mocking_of_Christ_LACMA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7326" data-file-height="5140" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_van_Honthorst" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerrit van Honthorst">Gerrit van Honthorst</a>, <i>The Mocking of Christ</i>, c. 1617</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">condemnation of Jesus by the Sanhedrin</a>, some spat on him (Mark 14:65). He was blindfolded and beaten, and then mocked: "Prophesy! Who hit you?" (Luke 22:63). This was done by those men who "held Jesus" (Luke 22:63, <a href="/wiki/KJV" class="mw-redirect" title="KJV">King James Version</a>). The <a href="/wiki/New_International_Version" title="New International Version">New International Version</a> translates this as "the men who were guarding Jesus", but <a href="/wiki/Joel_B._Green" title="Joel B. Green">Joel B. Green</a> takes the phrase to refer to the "Chief priests, the officers of the temple police, and the elders" mentioned in verse 52.<sup id="cite_ref-Green_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Green suggests that Jesus suffers the mockery that is typical of prophets, and that his suffering suggests his "solidarity with God's agents who speak on God's behalf and are rejected."<sup id="cite_ref-Green_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Susan R. Garrett sees Mark's inclusion of the mockery as an example of irony, since Jesus is indeed a <a href="/wiki/Prophet" title="Prophet">prophet</a>, at the very moment his prophecy that <a href="/wiki/Denial_of_Peter" title="Denial of Peter">Peter would deny him</a> was being fulfilled.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prophetic assignment is not always portrayed as positive in the Bible,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and prophets were often the target of persecution and opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_stage">Second stage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Second stage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg/220px-Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg/330px-Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Jesus_Mocked_by_the_Soldiers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="377" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a>, <i>Jesus Mocked by the Soldiers</i>, c. 1865</figcaption></figure> <p>After his condemnation by <a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pontius Pilate</a>, Jesus was <a href="/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">flogged</a> and mocked by <a href="/wiki/Legionary" title="Legionary">Roman soldiers</a>. They clothed him with a "purple" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Mark#15:17" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Mark">Mark 15:17</a>) or "scarlet" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#27:28" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 27:28</a>) robe symbolizing a royal gown since purple was a <a href="/wiki/Tyrian_purple" title="Tyrian purple">royal color</a>, put a <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">crown of thorns</a> on his head symbolizing a royal crown, and put a staff in his hand symbolizing a scepter. They knelt before him and said, "Hail, king of the Jews!" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#27:29" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 27:29</a>). This was done as a mockery of Jesus's kingship. After this, they spat on him, and struck him on the head with the staff repeatedly.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Peter_Leithart" title="Peter Leithart">Peter Leithart</a> notes that at the end of the scene, the soldiers "reverse the whole coronation with an anti-coronation. They spit in contempt instead of kneeling in reverence, pull the scepter from Jesus's hand and beat His crowned head with it, strip off the scarlet robe and replace it with Jesus's own robe." Leithart goes on to suggest that, at this point, the Romans "remove the veil of irony and reveal what they really think" about the Jews and their God.<sup id="cite_ref-Leithart_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leithart-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robert J. Miller suggests that the gospel account is deeply <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">ironic</a> since Jesus is exercising his kingship through submission and suffering: "the Roman <a href="/wiki/Legionary" title="Legionary">legionnaires</a> have unwittingly furthered God's secret purposes by dressing Jesus up as a king."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, the irony operates on two levels. <a href="/wiki/James_L._Resseguie" title="James L. Resseguie">James L. Resseguie</a> points out that there is <a href="/wiki/Verbal_irony" class="mw-redirect" title="Verbal irony">verbal irony</a> in the way the soldiers "mock Jesus as a dismal failure and a pretend king" (that is, the soldiers are themselves being ironic) as well as <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_irony" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic irony">dramatic irony</a> in that the readers "know that the acclamation rings true in ways that the soldiers could not possibly understand."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Luke 23:11 also mentions that "<a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod</a> and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked him" (<a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">New Revised Standard Version</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Third_stage">Third stage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Third stage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg/220px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg/330px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg/440px-Hendrick_ter_Brugghen_-_Die_Verspottung_Christi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hendrick_ter_Brugghen" title="Hendrick ter Brugghen">Hendrick ter Brugghen</a>, <i>The Mocking of Christ</i>, c. 1625</figcaption></figure> <p>Jesus was also mocked while he was <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">on the cross</a>. According to Mark 15:29–30, this was done by those who passed by and hurled insults at him and told him to come down from the cross. Mark 15:31–32 points out that "the chief priests and the teachers of the law" also mocked him among themselves, saying: "He saved others, but he can’t save himself! Let this Messiah, this king of Israel, come down now from the cross, that we may see and believe." Finally, those crucified with Jesus also heaped insults at him (Mark 15:32). </p><p>Luke 23:36–37 mentions mocking by Roman soldiers: "The soldiers also mocked him, coming up and offering him sour wine, and saying, 'If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!'" (<a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">New Revised Standard Version</a>). In Matthew 27:42 people, priest and the elders mock Jesus, and shout at him while he is hanging on the cross: "He saved others; let Him save Himself if He is the Christ, the chosen of God."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Luke 23:39, one criminal on his left who hung there together with Jesus on the cross, hurled insults at Jesus: "Aren't you the Messiah? Save yourself and us!"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thus, whereas the first stage involves mockery by Jews, and the second stage mockery by gentiles, the third stage has both together.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leithart notes that at this point "Jews and Gentiles, governors and criminals, scribes and commoners, all humanity joins in a single chorus of blasphemy."<sup id="cite_ref-Leithart_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leithart-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Timothy C. Gray notes that in the Gospel of Mark, the mocking of Jesus on the cross "takes up the two charges leveled against Jesus at his trial": firstly, that Jesus "threatened the temple with destruction" (14:58 and 15:29); secondly, that Jesus "claimed to be the Messiah" (14:61–62 and 15:31–32).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theological_significance">Theological significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Theological significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg/180px-Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg/270px-Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg/360px-Mateo_Cerezo_d._J._001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2087" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mateo_Cerezo" title="Mateo Cerezo">Mateo Cerezo</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ecce_Homo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecce Homo">Ecce Homo</a></i>, 1650</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#dcf5dc;">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#dcf5dc;">Death and Resurrection of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entombment of Christ"><img alt="Entombment of Christ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/150px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/225px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/300px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="574" data-file-height="864" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">Arrest</a></b></li> <li><b>Trials</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">Sanhedrin trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_at_Herod%27s_court" title="Jesus at Herod's court">Herod's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilate%27s_court" title="Pilate's court">Pilate's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">Flagellation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">Crown of thorns</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion and Death</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus#Biblical_accounts" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Biblical accounts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Overview_of_resurrection_appearances_in_the_Gospels_and_Paul" title="Overview of resurrection appearances in the Gospels and Paul">overview</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_me_tangere" title="Noli me tangere">Noli me tangere</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance" title="Road to Emmaus appearance">Road to Emmaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Monday" title="Holy Monday">Holy Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Tuesday" title="Holy Tuesday">Holy Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Wednesday" title="Holy Wednesday">Holy Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_Thursday" title="Maundy Thursday">Maundy Thursday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Good Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Saturday" title="Holy Saturday">Holy Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter Sunday</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Significance</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">Session of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish eschatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian eschatology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Visions of Jesus</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vision_theory_of_Jesus%27_appearances" title="Vision theory of Jesus' appearances">Vision theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(spirituality)" title="Vision (spirituality)">Visions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_experience" title="Religious experience">Religious experience</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Empty tomb theories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_body_hypothesis" title="Stolen body hypothesis">Stolen body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swoon_hypothesis" title="Swoon hypothesis">Swoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_body_hypothesis" title="Lost body hypothesis">Lost body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substitution_hypothesis" title="Substitution hypothesis">Twin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instrument_of_Jesus%27_crucifixion" title="Instrument of Jesus' crucifixion">Instrument of crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_darkness" title="Crucifixion darkness">Crucifixion darkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Conversion of Paul the Apostle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_Jesus%27s_death" title="Islamic views on Jesus's death">Islamic view</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <small><small><b>Portals: </b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/16px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/24px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/32px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1993" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible</a></small></small></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Death_of_Jesus" title="Template:Death of Jesus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Death_of_Jesus" title="Template talk:Death of Jesus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Death_of_Jesus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Death of Jesus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Peter_Leithart" title="Peter Leithart">Peter Leithart</a> argues that in the person of Jesus, God himself was mocked. He suggests that "for Matthew, the cross is mainly about man’s mockery of God," and notes that while Paul says in <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Galatians" title="Epistle to the Galatians">Galatians</a> 6:7 that "God is not mocked", this is precisely because God <i>has</i> been mocked.<sup id="cite_ref-Leithart_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leithart-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many Christians see the suffering of Jesus as being <a href="/wiki/Redemption_(theology)" title="Redemption (theology)">redemptive</a>. Francis Foulkes argues that the emphasis in the New Testament is on Jesus's suffering and death being "for us".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this way, some Christians see the mockery that Jesus endured as being borne on their behalf. For example, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Bliss" title="Philip Bliss">Philip Bliss</a> wrote in his hymn, "Hallelujah! What a Savior": </p> <blockquote><div class="poem"> <p>Bearing shame and scoffing rude,<br /> In my place condemned He stood;<br /> Sealed my pardon with His blood.<br /> Hallelujah! What a Savior!<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>The mockery of Jesus is also seen by many Christians in the servant songs, such as in Isaiah 50:6 where </p> <blockquote><div class="poem"> <p>I gave my back to those who strike,<br /> and my cheeks to those who pull out the beard;<br /> I hid not my face from disgrace and spitting. </p> </div></blockquote> <p>Which is in remarkable contrast with the forward looking following verse, Isaiah 50:7 </p> <blockquote><div class="poem"> <p>Because the Sovereign Lord helps me,<br /> I will not be disgraced.<br /> Therefore have I set my face like flint,<br /> and I know I will not be put to shame. </p> </div></blockquote> <p>The scene when Jesus was mocked while he was on the cross, is also a manifestation of the mercy of God through Jesus, who himself is mocked, humiliated and in pain. Two men were crucified at the same time as Jesus, one on his right hand and one on his left (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#27:38" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 27:38</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Mark#15:27" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Mark">Mark 15:27–28,32</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#23:33" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 23:33</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John#19:18" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/John">John 19:18</a>), which <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a> interprets as fulfillment of the <a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">prophecy</a> of <a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt1053.htm#12">53:12</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a> and Mark, respectively, both of the "thieves" mocked Jesus (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#27:44" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 27:44</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Mark#15:32" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Mark">Mark 15:32</a>); Luke however, mentions that: </p> <blockquote> <p><sup>39</sup> Now one of the criminals hanging there reviled Jesus, saying, "Are you not the Messiah? Save yourself and us." <sup>40</sup> The other, however, rebuking him, said in reply, "Have you no fear of God, for you are subject to the same condemnation? <sup>41</sup> And indeed, we have been condemned justly, for the sentence we received corresponds to our crimes, but this man has done nothing criminal." <sup>42</sup> Then he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom." <sup>43</sup> He replied to him, "Amen I say to you today you will be with me in Paradise." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2023:39–43">23:39–43</a> </p> </blockquote> <p>Jesus promised to <a href="/wiki/Penitent_thief" title="Penitent thief">this thief</a> that he will be with him in the Paradise, right in front of those who were mocking him. God saves through Jesus, because God is full of mercy, a mercy revealed through Jesus Christ, who says to a thief: "Today you will be with me in Paradise."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">Flagellation of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">Crown of thorns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecce_homo" title="Ecce homo">Ecce homo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larry Chouinard, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uSuWJVwYxPAC&pg=PA487">Matthew</a> (1997), p. 487.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David L. Tiede, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G8D_zbAOXMoC&pg=PA398">Luke</a> (1988), p. 398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Green-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Green_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Green_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Joel_B._Green" title="Joel B. Green">Joel B. Green</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wzRVN2S8cVgC&pg=PA789">The Gospel of Luke</a></i> (1997), p. 789.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Susan R. Garrett, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ycCaqeuxVJEC&pg=PA118">The Temptations of Jesus in Mark's Gospel</a> (1998), p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commentary on Jeremiah, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Isaiah (Commentary), <a href="/wiki/John_Goldingay" title="John Goldingay">John Goldingay</a>, Hendrickson, 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commentary on Isaiah 6:8–13, The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">’’Jeremiah (Prophet)’’, The Anchor Bible Dictionary Volume 3, Doubleday, 1992</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27">"Matthew 27"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matthew+27&rft.pub=Bible+Gateway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblegateway.com%2Fpassage%2F%3Fsearch%3DMatthew%2B27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leithart-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leithart_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leithart_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leithart_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Leithart" title="Peter Leithart">Peter Leithart</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.credenda.org/index.php/Church/god-is-mocked.html">God is Mocked</a>, <a href="/wiki/Credenda/Agenda" title="Credenda/Agenda">Credenda/Agenda</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert J. Miller, <i>The Complete Gospels</i> (1994), p. 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Resseguie" title="James L. Resseguie">James L. Resseguie</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8JOdz84lmUQC&pg=PA74">Narrative Criticism of the New Testament: An Introduction</a> (2005), p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biblehub.com/matthew/27-42.htm">"Matthew 27:42"</a>. Bible Hub<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matthew+27%3A42&rft.pub=Bible+Hub&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fmatthew%2F27-42.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23">"The Crucifixion of Jesus, Luke 23"</a>. Bible Gateway<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Crucifixion+of+Jesus%2C+Luke+23&rft.pub=Bible+Gateway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblegateway.com%2Fpassage%2F%3Fsearch%3DLuke%2B23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Klaas_Schilder" title="Klaas Schilder">Klaas Schilder</a>, <i>Christ on Trial</i> (1939), p. 177.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Timothy C. Gray, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IINN-m6YIGMC&pg=PA181">The Temple in the Gospel of Mark: A Study in Its Narrative Role</a></i> (2008), p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis Foulkes, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/bakers-evangelical-dictionary/death-of-christ.html">Death of Christ</a>, <i>Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hymntime.com/tch/htm/h/a/l/halwasav.htm">The Cyber Hymnal: <i>Hallelujah! What a Savior</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/markdroberts/2007/04/the-eleventh-station-jesus-promises-his-kingdom-to-the-good-thief.html">"The Eleventh Station: Jesus Promises His Kingdom to the Good Thief"</a>. Beliefnet. 4 April 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Eleventh+Station%3A+Jesus+Promises+His+Kingdom+to+the+Good+Thief&rft.pub=Beliefnet&rft.date=2007-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beliefnet.com%2Fcolumnists%2Fmarkdroberts%2F2007%2F04%2Fthe-eleventh-station-jesus-promises-his-kingdom-to-the-good-thief.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPejović1993" class="citation journal cs1">Pejović, Roksanda (1993). "The Mocking of Christ and other scenes from the cycle of <i>The sufferings of Christ</i> as illustrated by musical instruments in southern-European art". <i>New Sound</i> (2): <span class="nowrap">71–</span>93. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0354-818X">0354-818X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Sound&rft.atitle=The+Mocking+of+Christ+and+other+scenes+from+the+cycle+of+The+sufferings+of+Christ+as+illustrated+by+musical+instruments+in+southern-European+art&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E71-%3C%2Fspan%3E93&rft.date=1993&rft.issn=0354-818X&rft.aulast=Pejovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Roksanda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBallester2018" class="citation journal cs1">Ballester, Jordi (2018). "Trumpets, Heralds and Minstrels: Their relation to the Image of Power and Representation in the Fourteenth- and Fifteenth-Century Catalano-Aragonese Painting". <i>Music in Art</i>. <b>43</b> (<span class="nowrap">1–</span>2): <span class="nowrap">5–</span>19. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1522-7464">1522-7464</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+in+Art&rft.atitle=Trumpets%2C+Heralds+and+Minstrels%3A+Their+relation+to+the+Image+of+Power+and+Representation+in+the+Fourteenth-+and+Fifteenth-Century+Catalano-Aragonese+Painting&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1%E2%80%93%3C%2Fspan%3E2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5-%3C%2Fspan%3E19&rft.date=2018&rft.issn=1522-7464&rft.aulast=Ballester&rft.aufirst=Jordi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMocking+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mocking_of_Christ" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mocking of Christ">Mocking of Christ</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&oldid=1266460088">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mocking_of_Jesus&oldid=1266460088</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Passion_of_Jesus" title="Category:Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 31 December 2024, at 18:45<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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