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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Original commission members (circa 1937)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Original_commission_members_(circa_1937)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Board_of_Commissioners_(present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Board_of_Commissioners_(present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Board of Commissioners (present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Board_of_Commissioners_(present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language_diversity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language_diversity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Language diversity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language_diversity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Endangered_Filipino_Languages_List" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Endangered_Filipino_Languages_List"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Endangered Filipino Languages List</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Endangered_Filipino_Languages_List-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Commission on the Filipino Language</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino" title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino" title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comisi%C3%B3n_de_la_Lengua_Filipina" title="Comisión de la Lengua Filipina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Comisión de la Lengua Filipina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komision_iti_Pagsasao_a_Filipino" title="Komision iti Pagsasao a Filipino – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Komision iti Pagsasao a Filipino" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino" title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino" title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q508768#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&params=14.59873_N_120.99753_E_dim:30_region:PH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°35′55″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°59′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.59873°N 120.99753°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.59873; 120.99753</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Philippine government agency that regulates the Filipino national language</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Commission on the Filipino Language</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_(KWF).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg/120px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg/180px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg/240px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_%28KWF%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:7785San_Miguel,_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg/220px-7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg/330px-7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg/440px-7785San_Miguel%2C_Manila_Roads_Landmarks_49.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a></span><br />Facade of official headquarters</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">November 13, 1936<span class="noprint">; 88 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1936-11-13</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-GovPH-CA184_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GovPH-CA184-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (first formation)<br />August 14, 1991<span class="noprint">; 33 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1991-08-14</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-RA7104_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RA7104-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (present form)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Government of the Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel,_Manila" title="San Miguel, Manila">San Miguel, Manila</a>, Philippines<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&params=14.59873_N_120.99753_E_dim:30_region:PH_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">14°35′55″N</span> <span class="longitude">120°59′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">14.59873°N 120.99753°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">14.59873; 120.99753</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_peso" title="Philippine peso">₱</a>107.53 million (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Arthur P. Casanova, Chairperson</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Comm. Benjamin M. Mendillo, Jr., Commissioner for Finance and Administration</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Comm. Milet Abduhraman, Commissioner for Programs and Projects</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Atty. Marites A. Barrios-Taran, Director General</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent department</th><td class="infobox-data">Office of the President</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key documents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1991/ra_7104_1991.html">Republic Act No. 7104</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mirror.officialgazette.gov.ph/downloads/2022/03mar/20211206-IRR-RA-11106-RRD.pdf">Republic Act No. 11106</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kwf.gov.ph">kwf<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ph</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508768#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg/220px-KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg/330px-KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg/440px-KWF_HistoricalMarker_Manila.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1771" data-file-height="2515" /></a><figcaption>Official historical marker</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg/220px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg/330px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg/440px-Komisyon_sa_Wikang_Filipino_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a><figcaption>Alternate logo used on official social media pages</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Commission on the Filipino Language</b> (<b>CFL</b>),<sup id="cite_ref-RA7104_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RA7104-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also referred to as the <b><span title="Filipino-language text"><span lang="fil" style="font-style: normal;">Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino</span></span></b> (<b>KWF</b>),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the official regulating body of the <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino language</a> and the official <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">government</a> institution tasked with developing, preserving, and promoting the various local <a href="/wiki/Philippine_languages" title="Philippine languages">Philippine languages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission was established in accordance with the 1987 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution of the Philippines</a>. </p><p>Established by Republic Act No. 7104 in 1991,<sup id="cite_ref-RA7104_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RA7104-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the commission is a replacement for the <b>Institute of Philippine Languages</b> (<b>IPL</b>; <i>Linangan ng mga Wika sa Pilipinas</i>) that was set up in 1987 which was a replacement of the older <b>Institute of National Language</b> (<b>INL</b>; <i>Surian ng Wikang Pambansa</i>), established in 1937 as the first government agency to foster the development of a Philippine national language.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1st_National_Assembly_of_the_Philippines" title="1st National Assembly of the Philippines">1st National Assembly of the Philippines</a> passed Commonwealth Act No. 184 of 1936, establishing the Institute of National Language (<i>Surian ng Wikang Pambansa</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-GovPH-CA184_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GovPH-CA184-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 12, 1937, President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> appointed the members to compose the INL. By virtue of Executive Order No. 134 issued and signed by President Quezon on December 30, 1937, approved the adoption of Tagalog as the basis of the national language, and declared and proclaimed the national language based on Tagalog, as the national language of the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-eo134_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eo134-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quezon himself was born & raised in <a href="/wiki/Baler,_Aurora" title="Baler, Aurora">Baler, Aurora</a>, which is a native Tagalog-speaking area. In 1938, the INL was dissolved and replaced with the National Language Institute. Its purpose was to prepare for the nationwide teaching of the <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Tagalog-based national language</a> (<i>Wikang Pambansa na batay/base sa Tagalog</i>) by creating a dictionary and a grammar book with a standardized orthography. In the school year of 1940–1941, the teaching of the <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">national language</a> (<i>wikang pambansa</i>), with its new standardized orthography, was set by law in the fourth year of all high schools in both public and private schools throughout the country.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tagalog-based national language was taught in school only as one of the subject areas in 1940, but was not adapted as the medium of instruction. </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese occupiers</a> encouraged the use of the national language rather than English in schools. The Tagalog-based national language was, therefore, propagated not only in education but also in mass media and in official communication. The census for 1948 reported that 7,126,913 people or 37.11% of the population spoke the language, representing an increase of 11.7% from the 1939 figure of 4,068,565. Of these seven million people, 47.7% learnt it as a second language.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current commission was established by Republic Act No. 7104 of 1991,<sup id="cite_ref-RA7104_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RA7104-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> replacing the Institute of Philippine Languages (IPL) that was previously set up in January 1987 (Executive Order No. 117);<sup id="cite_ref-GovPH-EO117_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GovPH-EO117-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> itself, a replacement of the older Institute of National Language (INL), established in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2018, the KWF announced in its newsletter <i>Diyaryo Filipino</i> (<i>Filipino Newspaper</i>) its bringing online a National Dictionary in compliance with the commission's <i>Ortograpiyang Pambansa</i> (National Orthography) of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the same October 2018 newsletter, also in the works (in experimental and pilot-testing stage) is an official spellcheck in accordance with the <i>Ortograpiyang Pambansa</i> (<i>National Orthography</i>) and the <i>Manwal sa Masinop na Pagsulat</i> (<i>Manual to Provident/Neat/Careful Writing</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Original_commission_members_(circa_1937)"><span id="Original_commission_members_.28circa_1937.29"></span>Original commission members (circa 1937)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Original commission members (circa 1937)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_C._de_Veyra" title="Jaime C. de Veyra">Jaime C. de Veyra</a> (Waray-Waray Visayan), Chairman<sup id="cite_ref-eo134_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eo134-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Santiago A. Fonacier (Ilocano), Member</li> <li>Casimiro F. Perfecto (Bicolano), Member</li> <li>Felix S. Salas Rodriguez (Hiligaynon Visayan), Member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filemon_Sotto" title="Filemon Sotto">Filemon Sotto</a> (Cebuano Visayan), Member</li> <li>Cecilio López (Tagalog), Member and Secretary</li> <li>Hadji Butu (Moro), Member</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Board_of_Commissioners_(present)"><span id="Board_of_Commissioners_.28present.29"></span>Board of Commissioners (present)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Board of Commissioners (present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Arthur P. Casanova (Chairman)</li> <li>Jose Kervin Cesar B. Calabias (Languages of Northern Cultural Communities)</li> <li>Jesus C. Insilada (<a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>)</li> <li>Hope Sabanpan Yu (<a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>)</li> <li>Melchor E. Orpilla (<a href="/wiki/Pangasinan_language" title="Pangasinan language">Pangasinan</a>)</li> <li>Reggie O. Cruz (<a href="/wiki/Kapampangan_language" title="Kapampangan language">Kapampangan</a>)</li> <li>Benjamin M. Mendillo Jr. (<a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelita_Abdurahman" title="Carmelita Abdurahman">Carmelita C. Abdurahman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Waray_language" title="Waray language">Waray</a>)</li> <li>Abraham P. Sakili (Languages of Muslim Mindanao)</li> <li>Christian T. N. Aguado (Languages of Southern Cultural Communities)</li> <li>Marites A. Barrios-Taran (Director-General)</li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language_diversity">Language diversity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Language diversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Philippines is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world. With 175 distinct native languages (sometimes incorrectly termed <i>dialects</i>), it has about 3% of the world's languages, yet only 0.2% of Earth's land area, making the Philippines 15 times more diverse than average in terms of language diversity.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ethnologue, a compendium of world languages, notes that 28 Philippine languages are in trouble, up from 13 in 2016. Eleven languages are dying, and several are already extinct. The Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages has identified the Philippines as being one of the top 10 <i>"language hotspots"</i> of the world, which means that the Philippines has a wealth of languages but such languages are being lost at a rate faster than those languages can be documented properly.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ethnologue's estimates are conservative, as many linguists have noted that many endangered languages in the Philippines. All 32 Negrito languages of the Philippines are endangered (Headland, 2003), and the <span title="Filipino-language text"><span lang="fil" style="font-style: normal;">Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino</span></span> has identified approximately 50 endangered languages.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Endangered_Filipino_Languages_List">Endangered Filipino Languages List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Endangered Filipino Languages List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2015 study by the Commission updated the list of endangered languages in the Philippines. The Commission noted that there are 37 languages in the country that are now endangered, mostly <a href="/wiki/Aeta_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeta languages">Aeta languages</a> in <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Visayas" title="Visayas">Visayas</a>, notably <a href="/wiki/Negros_Occidental" title="Negros Occidental">Negros Occidental</a>. The Kinarol-an language Barangay Carol-an, Kabankalan, Negros Occidental was considered as extinct as it was no longer being used in casual conversations. The study also noted that the Inagtâ Isaróg language of Goa, Ocampo and Tigaon in Camarines Sur had only one remaining speaker in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Árta language of Nagtipunan, Quirino is considered nearly extinct as only 11 persons are speaking the language. Languages that are moribund (near extinction) include: the Inatá language of Cadiz City, Negros Occidental; Álta language of Aurora, Nueva Ecija; and Ayta Magbukun language of Abucay, Bataan. The Ayta Magbukun has at least 114 practicing families, while the others range from only 29 to 113 persons.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the threatened languages with more than a thousand speakers remaining are Álta Kabulowán of Gabaldon, Nueva Ecija; Ayta Mag-Indí of Pampanga and Zambales; and Gubatnón Mangyán of Magsaysay, Occidental Mindoro.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Those that have lessening usage include Inagta Irayá of Buhi, Camarines Sur; Binaták of Palawan; Manidé of Camarines Norte; Ayta Kadí of Quezon Province; Ayta Ambalá of Zambales and Bataan; Ayta Mag-antsi of Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, and Zambales; Ténap (Agta Dupaningan) of Cagayan and Isabela; Bolinaw of Pangasinan; Agta Dumagat Casiguran of Isabela and Aurora; and Agtâ Dumagat Umíray of Aurora and Quezon Province.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Part also of the list are languages which the KWF consider as under threat and needing further studies. These are Manobo Kalamansíg of Sultan Kudarat; Ratagnón Mangyán of Occidental Mindoro; Îguwák of Nueva Vizcaya; Karáw of Benguet; Tagabulos of Aurora, Bulacan, and Quezon Province; Bangon Mangyán of Oriental Mindoro; Manobo Ilyanen of Cotabato; Gâdang of Mountain Province; Kalamyanën of Palawan; Tadyawan Mangyán of Oriental Mindoro; Finallíg of Barlig, Mountain Province; Menuvú of Bukidnon; Tawbuwíd Mangyán of Occidental and Oriental Mindoro; Manóbo Arománën of Cotabato; Manóbo Tigwahánon of Bukidnon; and Abéllen of Tarlac. Also listed under threat is the Irungdungan (Agta Isirigan) of Cagayan but the KWF observes a rising number of speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Commission, with the much-needed cooperation and initiated of provincial and local governments, embarked on a landmark project on language revitalization in Abucay, Bataan in 2018, helping the Ayta Magbukun communities in the town's village of Bangkal through Bahay Wika where young members of the ethnic group are being taught of their language by two elders.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One major criticism of the commission is that it supposedly fails in its goal of further developing the Filipino language.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is grounded in the fact that Filipino is essentially <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a>, a fact acknowledged by former Commissioner, Ricardo María Durán Nolasco, and with an impoverished technical and scientific vocabulary, at that, which relies heavily on foreign borrowings and, often, constructions. It is often left to the <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities and colleges in the Philippines">universities</a> to develop their own respective terminologies for each field, leading to a lack of uniformity and general public disuse. </p><p>It is argued that current state of the Filipino language is contrary to the intention of Republic Act (RA) No. 7104 that requires that the national language be developed and enriched by the lexicon of the country's other languages.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 1, 2024, the coalitions of <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Federation_of_the_Deaf" title="Philippine Federation of the Deaf">Philippine Federation of the Deaf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Concerned_Teachers" title="Alliance of Concerned Teachers">Alliance of Concerned Teachers</a> staged a <a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">protest</a>-rally at <a href="/wiki/Liwasang_Bonifacio" title="Liwasang Bonifacio">Liwasang Bonifacio</a> against the CFL-Arthur P. Casanova, for the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_retention" title="Cultural retention">cultural retention</a> of <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Sign_Language" title="Filipino Sign Language">Filipino Sign Language</a> (Republic Act 11106).<sup id="cite_ref-ra11106_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ra11106-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The members said the FSL Unit of the CFL abolition will effectively <a href="/wiki/Layoff" title="Layoff">layoff</a> the deaf personnel, “thus, depriving Deaf Filipinos of their language rights and violating the mandate of RA 7104.”<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy" title="Language policy">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_languages" title="Philippine languages">Philippine languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_alphabet" title="Filipino alphabet">Filipino alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_orthography" title="Filipino orthography">Filipino orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentro_ng_Wikang_Filipino" title="Sentro ng Wikang Filipino">Sentro ng Wikang Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayan_Academy_of_Arts_and_Letters" title="Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters">Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Defunct language regulators</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Bicolana" class="extiw" title="bcl:Academia Bicolana">Academia Bicolana</a></li> <li><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanghiran_san_Binisaya" class="extiw" title="war:Sanghiran san Binisaya">Sanghiran san Binisaya</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In other <a href="/wiki/Philippine_languages" title="Philippine languages">Philippine languages</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cebuano_language" title="Cebuano language">Cebuano</a>: <i lang="ceb">Komisyon sa Pinulongang Filipino</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bikol_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Bikol language">Central Bikol</a>: <i lang="bcl">Komisyon sa Tataramon na Filipino</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_language" title="Hiligaynon language">Hiligaynon</a>: <i lang="hil">Komisyon sa Panghambal nga Filipino</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilocano_language" title="Ilocano language">Ilocano</a>: <i lang="ilo">Komision iti Pagsasao a Filipino</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapampangan_language" title="Kapampangan language">Kapampangan</a>: <i lang="pam">Komisyun king Amanung Filipinu</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangasinan_language" title="Pangasinan language">Pangasinan</a>: <i lang="pag">Komisyon na Salitan Filipino</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waray_language" title="Waray language">Waray</a>: <i lang="war">Komisyon ha Yinaknan nga Filipino</i></li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GovPH-CA184-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GovPH-CA184_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GovPH-CA184_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=CFL+slammed+over+plan+to+abolish+sign+language+unit&rft.date=2024-06-01&rft.aulast=Marcelo&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2024%2F06%2F01%2F2359572%2Fcfl-slammed-over-plan-abolish-sign-language-unit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommission+on+the+Filipino+Language" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_on_the_Filipino_Language&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" 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