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control</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: price control"> <meta name="keywords" content="price control"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="price control"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11765</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: price control</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11765</span> The Effect of Oil Price Uncertainty on Food Price in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goodness%20C.%20Aye">Goodness C. Aye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the effect of the volatility of oil prices on food price in South Africa using monthly data covering the period 2002:01 to 2014:09. Food price is measured by the South African consumer price index for food while oil price is proxied by the Brent crude oil. The study employs the GARCH-in-mean VAR model, which allows the investigation of the effect of a negative and positive shock in oil price volatility on food price. The model also allows the oil price uncertainty to be measured as the conditional standard deviation of a one-step-ahead forecast error of the change in oil price. The results show that oil price uncertainty has a positive and significant effect on food price in South Africa. The responses of food price to a positive and negative oil price shocks is asymmetric. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20price%20volatility" title="oil price volatility">oil price volatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20price" title=" food price"> food price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bivariate" title=" bivariate"> bivariate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GARCH-in-mean%20VAR" title=" GARCH-in-mean VAR"> GARCH-in-mean VAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric" title=" asymmetric"> asymmetric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28399/the-effect-of-oil-price-uncertainty-on-food-price-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11764</span> A Theory and Empirical Analysis on the Efficency of Chinese Electricity Pricing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianlin%20Wang">Jianlin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiajia%20Zhao"> Jiajia Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper applies the theory and empirical method to examine the relationship between electricity price and coal price, as well as electricity and industry output, for China during Jan 1999-Dec 2012. Our results indicate that there is no any causality between coal price and electricity price under other factors are controlled. However, we found a bi-directional causality between electricity consumption and industry output. Overall, the electricity price set by China’s NDRC is inefficient, which lead to the electricity supply shortage after 2004. It is time to reform electricity price system for China’s reformers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity%20price" title="electricity price">electricity price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20price" title=" coal price"> coal price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20supply" title=" power supply"> power supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9560/a-theory-and-empirical-analysis-on-the-efficency-of-chinese-electricity-pricing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11763</span> Intended-Actual First Asking/Offer Price Discrepancies and Their Impact on Negotiation Behaviour and Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liuyao%20Chai">Liuyao Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colin%20Clark"> Colin Clark</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of 574 participants in a simulated two-person distributive negotiation revealed that the first price 245 (42.7%) of these participants actually asked/offered for the item under negotiation (a used car) differed from the first price they previously stated they intended to ask/offer during their negotiation. This discrepancy between a negotiator’s intended first asking/offer price and his/her actual first asking/offer price had a significant and economically consequential impact on both the course and the outcomes of the negotiations studied. Participants whose actual first price remained the same as their intended first price tended to secure better negotiation outcomes. Moreover, participants who changed their intended first price tended to obtain relatively lower outcomes regardless of whether their modified first announced price had created a negotiating position that was ‘stronger’ or ‘weaker’ than if they had opened with their intended first price. Subsequent investigation of over twenty negotiation behaviours and pre-negotiation perceptual variables within this dataset indicated that the three types of first price announcers—i.e. intended first asking/offer price ‘weakeners’, ‘maintainers’ and ‘strengtheners’— comprised persons who tended to have significantly different pre-negotiation perceptions and behaved in systematically different ways during their negotiation. Typically, the most negative, outcome-compromising consequences of changing, weakening or strengthening an intended first price occurred at the very beginning of a negotiation when participants exchanged their actual first asking/offer prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20communication" title="business communication">business communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negotiation" title=" negotiation"> negotiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasion" title=" persuasion"> persuasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intended%20first%20asking%2Foffer%20prices" title=" intended first asking/offer prices"> intended first asking/offer prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bargaining" title=" bargaining"> bargaining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24182/intended-actual-first-askingoffer-price-discrepancies-and-their-impact-on-negotiation-behaviour-and-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11762</span> Study of NGL Feed Price Calculation for a Typical NGL Fractionation Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simin%20Eydivand">Simin Eydivand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ghanadieslami"> Ali Ghanadieslami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Amiri"> Reza Amiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural gas liquids (NGLs) are light hydrocarbons that are dissolved in associated or non‐associated natural gas in a hydrocarbon reservoir and are produced within a gas stream. There are different ways to calculate the price of NGL. In this study, a spreadsheet calculation method is used for calculation of NGL price with an attractive economy of IRR 25%. For a typical NGL Plant with 3,200,000 t/y capacity of investment and operation of 90% capacity to have IRR 25%, the price of NGL is calculated 277 $/t. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas%20liquid" title="natural gas liquid">natural gas liquid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NGL" title=" NGL"> NGL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPG" title=" LPG"> LPG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price" title=" price"> price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NGL%20fractionation" title=" NGL fractionation"> NGL fractionation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NF" title=" NF"> NF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment" title=" investment"> investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IRR" title=" IRR"> IRR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NPV" title=" NPV"> NPV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33705/study-of-ngl-feed-price-calculation-for-a-typical-ngl-fractionation-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11761</span> General Framework for Price Regulation of Container Terminals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Yildiz">Murat Yildiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burcu%20Yildiz"> Burcu Yildiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Price Cap Regulation is a form of economic regulation designed in the 1980s in the United Kingdom. Price cap regulation sets a cap on the price that the utility provider can charge. The cap is set according to several economic factors, such as the price cap index, expected efficiency savings and inflation. It has been used by several countries as a regulatory regime in several sectors. Container port privatization is still in early stages in some countries. Lack of a general framework can be an impediment to privatization. This paper aims a general framework to comprising decisions to be made for variables which are able to accommodate the variety of container terminals. Several approaches that may be needed as well as a passage between approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Price%20Cap%20Regulation" title="Price Cap Regulation">Price Cap Regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ports%20privatization" title=" ports privatization"> ports privatization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=container%20terminal%20price%20regime" title=" container terminal price regime"> container terminal price regime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earning%20sharing" title=" earning sharing"> earning sharing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46297/general-framework-for-price-regulation-of-container-terminals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11760</span> Price Control: A Comprehensive Step to Control Corruption in the Society</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zia%20Ullah%20Baig">Muhammad Zia Ullah Baig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiq%20Uz%20Zama"> Atiq Uz Zama</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The motivation of the project is to facilitate the governance body, as well as the common man in his/her daily life consuming product rates, to easily monitor the expense, to control the budget with the help of single SMS (message), e-mail facility, and to manage governance body by task management system. The system will also be capable of finding irregularities being done by the concerned department in mitigating the complaints generated by the customer and also provide a solution to overcome problems. We are building a system that easily controls the price control system of any country, we will feeling proud to give this system free of cost to Indian Government also. The system is able to easily manage and control the price control department of government all over the country. Price control department run in different cities under City District Government, so the system easily run in different cities with different SMS Code and decentralize Database ensure the non-functional requirement of system (scalability, reliability, availability, security, safety). The customer request for the government official price list with respect to his/her city SMS code (price list of all city available on website or application), the server will forward the price list through a SMS, if the product is not available according to the price list the customer generate a complaint through an SMS or using website/smartphone application, complaint is registered in complaint database and forward to inspection department when the complaint is entertained, the inspection department will forward a message about the complaint to customer. Inspection department physically checks the seller who does not follow the price list, but the major issue of the system is corruption, may be inspection officer will take a bribe and resolve the complaint (complaint is fake) in that case the customer will not use the system. The major issue of the system is to distinguish the fake and real complain and fight for corruption in the department. To counter the corruption, our strategy is to rank the complain if the same type of complaint is generated the complaint is in high rank and the higher authority will also notify about that complain, now the higher authority of department have reviewed the complaint and its history, the officer who resolve that complaint in past and the action against the complaint, these data will help in decision-making process, if the complaint was resolved because the officer takes bribe, the higher authority will take action against that officer. When the price of any good is decided the market/former representative is also there, with the mutual understanding of both party the price is decided, the system facilitate the decision-making process. The system shows the price history of any goods, inflation rate, available supply, demand, and the gap between supply and demand, these data will help to allot for the decision-making process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20control" title="price control">price control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goods" title=" goods"> goods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government" title=" government"> government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inspection" title=" inspection"> inspection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=department" title=" department"> department</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer" title=" customer"> customer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15560/price-control-a-comprehensive-step-to-control-corruption-in-the-society" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11759</span> The Influence of Oil Price Fluctuations on Macroeconomics Variables of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Mujaljal">Khalid Mujaljal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Alhajhoj"> Hassan Alhajhoj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper empirically investigates the influence of oil price fluctuations on the key macroeconomic variables of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using unrestricted VAR methodology. Two analytical tools- Granger-causality and variance decomposition are used. The Granger-causality test reveals that almost all specifications of oil price shocks significantly Granger-cause GDP and demonstrates evidence of causality between oil price changes and money supply (M3) and consumer price index percent (CPIPC) in the case of positive oil price shocks. Surprisingly, almost all specifications of oil price shocks do not Granger-cause government expenditure. The outcomes from variance decomposition analysis suggest that positive oil shocks contribute about 25 percent in causing inflation in the country. Also, contribution of symmetric linear oil price shocks and asymmetric positive oil price shocks is significant and persistent with 25 percent explaining variation in world consumer price index till end of the period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger%20causality" title="Granger causality">Granger causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20prices%20changes" title=" oil prices changes"> oil prices changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabian%20economy" title=" Saudi Arabian economy"> Saudi Arabian economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variance%20decomposition" title=" variance decomposition"> variance decomposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7014/the-influence-of-oil-price-fluctuations-on-macroeconomics-variables-of-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11758</span> Price Regulation in Domestic Market: Incentives to Collude in the Deregulated Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Avdasheva">S. Avdasheva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Tsytsulina"> D. Tsytsulina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many regulated industries over the world price cap as a method of price regulation replaces cost-plus pricing. It is a kind of incentive regulation introduced in order to enhance productive efficiency by strengthening sellers’ incentives for cost reduction as well as incentives for more efficient pricing. However pricing under cap is not neutral for competition in the market. We consider influence on competition on the markets where benchmark for cap is chosen from when sellers are multi-market. We argue that the impact of price cap regulation on market competition depends on the design of cap. More specifically if cap for one (regulated) market depends on the price of the supplier in other (non-regulated) market, there is sub-type of price cap regulation (known in Russian tariff regulation as ‘netback minus’) that enhance incentives to collude in non-regulated market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20regulation" title="price regulation">price regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title=" competition"> competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collusion" title=" collusion"> collusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20966/price-regulation-in-domestic-market-incentives-to-collude-in-the-deregulated-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11757</span> Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity of Residential Prices in Guangzhou: An Actual Study Based on Point of Interest Geographically Weighted Regression Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zichun%20Guo">Zichun Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Guangzhou's house price has long been lower than the other three major cities; with the gradual increase in Guangzhou's house price, the influencing factors of house price have gradually been paid attention to; this paper tries to use house price data and POI (Point of Interest) data, and explores the distribution of house price and influencing factors by applying the Kriging spatial interpolation method and geographically weighted regression model in ArcGIS. The results show that the interpolation result of house price has a significant relationship with the economic development and development potential of the region and that different POI types have different impacts on the growth of house prices in different regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POI" title="POI">POI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house%20price" title=" house price"> house price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20heterogeneity" title=" spatial heterogeneity"> spatial heterogeneity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangzhou" title=" Guangzhou"> Guangzhou</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185907/analysis-of-spatial-heterogeneity-of-residential-prices-in-guangzhou-an-actual-study-based-on-point-of-interest-geographically-weighted-regression-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11756</span> The Non-Uniqueness of Partial Differential Equations Options Price Valuation Formula for Heston Stochastic Volatility Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Ibrahim">H. D. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chinwenyi"> H. C. Chinwenyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Danjuma"> T. Danjuma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An option is defined as a financial contract that provides the holder the right but not the obligation to buy or sell a specified quantity of an underlying asset in the future at a fixed price (called a strike price) on or before the expiration date of the option. This paper examined two approaches for derivation of Partial Differential Equation (PDE) options price valuation formula for the Heston stochastic volatility model. We obtained various PDE option price valuation formulas using the riskless portfolio method and the application of Feynman-Kac theorem respectively. From the results obtained, we see that the two derived PDEs for Heston model are distinct and non-unique. This establishes the fact of incompleteness in the model for option price valuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Black-Scholes%20partial%20differential%20equations" title="Black-Scholes partial differential equations">Black-Scholes partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ito%20process" title=" Ito process"> Ito process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=option%20price%20valuation" title=" option price valuation"> option price valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20differential%20equations" title=" partial differential equations"> partial differential equations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131307/the-non-uniqueness-of-partial-differential-equations-options-price-valuation-formula-for-heston-stochastic-volatility-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11755</span> The Relations between Spatial Structure and Land Price</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Hun%20Cho">Jung-Hun Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae-Heon%20Moon"> Tae-Heon Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Hak%20Lee"> Jin-Hak Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Land price contains the comprehensive characteristics of urban space, representing the social and economic features of the city. Accordingly, land price can be utilized as an indicator, which can identify the changes of spatial structure and socioeconomic variations caused by urban development. This study attempted to explore the changes in land price by a new road construction. Methodologically, it adopted Space Syntax, which can interpret urban spatial structure comprehensively, to identify the relationship between the forms of road networks and land price. The result of the regression analysis showed the ‘integration index’ of Space Syntax is statistically significant and has a strong correlation with land price. If the integration value is high, land price increases proportionally. Subsequently, using regression equation, it tried to predict the land price changes of each of the lots surrounding the roads that are newly opened. The research methods or study results have the advantage of predicting the changes in land price in an easy way. In addition, it will contribute to planners and project managers to establish relevant polices and smoothing urban regeneration projects through enhancing residents’ understanding by providing possible results and advantages in their land price before the execution of urban regeneration and development projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20syntax" title="space syntax">space syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20regeneration" title=" urban regeneration"> urban regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structure" title=" spatial structure"> spatial structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=official%20land%20price" title=" official land price"> official land price</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56584/the-relations-between-spatial-structure-and-land-price" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11754</span> Price to Earnings Growth (PEG) Predicting Future Returns Better than the Price to Earnings (PE) Ratio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindrianasari%20Stefanie">Lindrianasari Stefanie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminah%20Khairudin"> Aminah Khairudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the ability of Price to Earnings Ratio and PEG Ratio in predicting future stock returns issuers. The samples used in this study are stocks that go into LQ45. The main contribution is to assign empirical evidence if the PEG Ratio can provide optimum return compared to Price to Earnings Ratio. This study used a sample of the entire company into the group LQ45 with the period of observation. The data used is limited to the financial statements of a company incorporated in LQ45 period July 2013-July 2014, using the financial statements and the position of the company's closing stock price at the end of 2010 as a reference benchmark for the growth of the company's stock price compared to the closing price of 2013. This study found that the method of PEG Ratio can outperform the method of PE ratio in predicting future returns on the stock portfolio of LQ45. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20to%20earnings%20growth" title="price to earnings growth">price to earnings growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20to%20earnings%20ratio" title=" price to earnings ratio"> price to earnings ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20returns" title=" future returns"> future returns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20price" title=" stock price"> stock price</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16670/price-to-earnings-growth-peg-predicting-future-returns-better-than-the-price-to-earnings-pe-ratio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11753</span> Sentiment Analysis of Social Media on the Cryptocurrency Price</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Sadraoui">Tarek Sadraoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahlem%20Nasr%20Othman"> Ahlem Nasr Othman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our research deal with studying and testing the effects of social media on the cryptocurrency price during the period 2020-2023. The rise of the phenomena of cryptocurrency in the world raises questions about the importance of sentiment analysis of social media on the price of the cryptocurrency. Using panel data, we show that the positive and negative twits have a positive and statistically significant impact on the price of the cryptocurrency, and neutral twits have exerted a negative and significant effect on the cryptocurrency price. Specifically, we determine the causal relationship, short-term and long-term relationship with ARDL approach between the cryptocurrency price and social media using the Granger causality test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title="social media">social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Twitter" title=" Twitter"> Twitter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Google%20trend" title=" Google trend"> Google trend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel" title=" panel"> panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptocurrency" title=" cryptocurrency"> cryptocurrency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167434/sentiment-analysis-of-social-media-on-the-cryptocurrency-price" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11752</span> The Carbon Trading Price and Trading Volume Forecast in Shanghai City by BP Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Zhiyuan">Liu Zhiyuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Zongdi"> Sun Zongdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the BP neural network model is established to predict the carbon trading price and carbon trading volume in Shanghai City. First of all, we find the data of carbon trading price and carbon trading volume in Shanghai City from September 30, 2015 to December 23, 2016. The carbon trading price and trading volume data were processed to get the average value of each 5, 10, 20, 30, and 60 carbon trading price and trading volume. Then, these data are used as input of BP neural network model. Finally, after the training of BP neural network, the prediction values of Shanghai carbon trading price and trading volume are obtained, and the model is tested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carbon%20trading%20price" title="Carbon trading price">Carbon trading price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20trading%20volume" title=" carbon trading volume"> carbon trading volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20neural%20network%20model" title=" BP neural network model"> BP neural network model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanghai%20City" title=" Shanghai City"> Shanghai City</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69753/the-carbon-trading-price-and-trading-volume-forecast-in-shanghai-city-by-bp-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11751</span> The Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Tehran Stock Exchange Index during Economic and Oil Sanctions between January 2006 and December 2012</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Movahedizadeh">Hamed Movahedizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annuar%20Md%20Nassir"> Annuar Md Nassir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Karimimalayer"> Mehdi Karimimalayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navid%20Samimi%20Sedeh"> Navid Samimi Sedeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Bagherpour"> Ehsan Bagherpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to evaluate Tehran’s Stock Exchange (TSE) performance regarding with impact of four macroeconomic factors including world crude Oil Price (OP), World Gold Price (GP), Consumer Price Index (CPI) and total Supplied Oil by Iran (SO) from January 2006 to December 2012 that Iran faced with economic and oil sanctions. Iran's exports of crude oil and lease condensate reduced to roughly 1.5 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2012, compared to 2.5 million bbl/d in 2011 due to hard sanctions. Monthly data are collected and subjected to a battery of tests through ordinary least square by EViews7. This study found that gold price and oil price are positively correlated with stock returns while total oil supplied and consumer price index have negative relationship with stock index, however, consumer price index tends to become insignificant in stock index. While gold price and consumer price index have short run relationship with TSE index at 10% of significance level this amount for oil price is significant at 5% and there is no significant short run relationship between supplied oil and Tehran stock returns. Moreover, this study found that all macroeconomic factors have long-run relationship with Tehran Stock Exchange Index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20price%20index" title="consumer price index">consumer price index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20price" title=" gold price"> gold price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomic" title=" macroeconomic"> macroeconomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20price" title=" oil price"> oil price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanction" title=" sanction"> sanction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplied%20oil" title=" supplied oil"> supplied oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3992/the-impact-of-macroeconomic-factors-on-tehran-stock-exchange-index-during-economic-and-oil-sanctions-between-january-2006-and-december-2012" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11750</span> Price Heterogeneity in Establishing Real Estate Composite Price Index as Underlying Asset for Property Derivatives in Russia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Matyukhin">Andrey Matyukhin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Russian official statistics have been showing a steady decline in residential real estate prices for several consecutive years. Price risk in real estate markets is thus affecting various groups of economic agents, namely, individuals, construction companies and financial institutions. Potential use of property derivatives might help mitigate adverse consequences of negative price dynamics. Unless a sustainable price indicator is developed, settlement of such instruments imposes constraints on counterparties involved while imposing restrictions on real estate market development. The study addresses geographical and classification heterogeneity in real estate prices by means of variance analysis in various groups of real estate properties. In conclusion, we determine optimal sample structure of representative real estate assets with sufficient level of price homogeneity. The composite price indicator based on the sample would have a higher level of robustness and reliability and hence improving liquidity in the market for property derivatives through underlying standardization. Unlike the majority of existing real estate price indices, calculated on country-wide basis, the optimal indices for Russian market shall be constructed on the city-level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20homogeneity" title="price homogeneity">price homogeneity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=property%20derivatives" title=" property derivatives"> property derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate%20price%20index" title=" real estate price index"> real estate price index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate%20price%20risk" title=" real estate price risk"> real estate price risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84668/price-heterogeneity-in-establishing-real-estate-composite-price-index-as-underlying-asset-for-property-derivatives-in-russia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11749</span> Stock Price Prediction Using Time Series Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumit%20Sen">Sumit Sen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohan%20Khedekar"> Sohan Khedekar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umang%20Shinde"> Umang Shinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivam%20Bhargava"> Shivam Bhargava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has been undertaken to investigate whether the deep learning models are able to predict the future stock prices by training the model with the historical stock price data. Since this work required time series analysis, various models are present today to perform time series analysis such as Recurrent Neural Network LSTM, ARIMA and Facebook Prophet. Applying these models the movement of stock price of stocks are predicted and also tried to provide the future prediction of the stock price of a stock. Final product will be a stock price prediction web application that is developed for providing the user the ease of analysis of the stocks and will also provide the predicted stock price for the next seven days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Autoregressive%20Integrated%20Moving%20Average" title="Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average">Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deep%20Learning" title=" Deep Learning"> Deep Learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long%20Short%20Term%20Memory" title=" Long Short Term Memory"> Long Short Term Memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Time-series" title=" Time-series"> Time-series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137402/stock-price-prediction-using-time-series-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11748</span> Price Promotions and Inventory Decisions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Hadjinicola">George Hadjinicola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Soteriou"> Andreas Soteriou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the relationship between the number of price promotions that a firm should conduct per year and the level of safety stocks that the firm should maintain. Price promotions result in temporary sales increases, which affect the operations function through (1) an increase in the quantities demanded and (2) an increase in safety stocks required to maintain the desired service level. We propose a modeling framework where both price promotions and improved service levels, operationalized through higher safety stocks, can affect sales. We treat the annual number of promotions as a decision variable. We identify market conditions where the operations function, through improved safety stocks, can complement price promotions or even play the leading role in sales increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20promotions" title="price promotions">price promotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20stocks" title=" safety stocks"> safety stocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%2Foperations%20interface" title=" marketing/operations interface"> marketing/operations interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168984/price-promotions-and-inventory-decisions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11747</span> Co-Integration Model for Predicting Inflation Movement in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salako%20Rotimi">Salako Rotimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oshungade%20Stephen"> Oshungade Stephen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojewoye%20Opeyemi"> Ojewoye Opeyemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The maintenance of price stability is one of the macroeconomic challenges facing Nigeria as a nation. This paper attempts to build a co-integration multivariate time series model for inflation movement in Nigeria using data extracted from the abstract of statistics of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) from 2008 to 2017. The Johansen cointegration test suggests at least one co-integration vector describing the long run relationship between Consumer Price Index (CPI), Food Price Index (FPI) and Non-Food Price Index (NFPI). All three series show increasing pattern, which indicates a sign of non-stationary in each of the series. Furthermore, model predictability was established with root-mean-square-error, mean absolute error, mean average percentage error, and Theil’s unbiased statistics for n-step forecasting. The result depicts that the long run coefficient of a consumer price index (CPI) has a positive long-run relationship with the food price index (FPI) and non-food price index (NFPI). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title="economic">economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series" title=" series"> series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868/co-integration-model-for-predicting-inflation-movement-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11746</span> A Study on Characteristics of Hedonic Price Models in Korea Based on Meta-Regression Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minseo%20Jo">Minseo Jo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors in the hedonic price models, that has significance impact in determining the price of apartments. There are many variables employed in the hedonic price models and their effectiveness vary differently according to the researchers and the regions they are analysing. In order to consider various conditions, the meta-regression analysis has been selected for the study. In this paper, four meta-independent variables, from the 65 hedonic price models to analysis. The factors that influence the prices of apartments, as well as including factors that influence the prices of apartments, regions, which are divided into two of the research performed, years of research performed, the coefficients of the functions employed. The covariance between the four meta-variables and p-value of the coefficients and the four meta-variables and number of data used in the 65 hedonic price models have been analyzed in this study. The six factors that are most important in deciding the prices of apartments are positioning of apartments, the noise of the apartments, points of the compass and views from the apartments, proximity to the public transportations, companies that have constructed the apartments, social environments (such as schools etc.). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hedonic%20price%20model" title="hedonic price model">hedonic price model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20price" title=" housing price"> housing price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-regression%20analysis" title=" meta-regression analysis"> meta-regression analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title=" characteristics"> characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17128/a-study-on-characteristics-of-hedonic-price-models-in-korea-based-on-meta-regression-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11745</span> Targeted Effects of Subsidies on Prices of Selected Commodities in Iran Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayedramin%20Hashemianesfehani">Sayedramin Hashemianesfehani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Hossein%20Hosseinilargani"> Seyed Hossein Hosseinilargani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we attempt to realize that to what extent the increase in selected commodities in Iran Market is originated from the implementation of the targeted subsidies law. Hence, an econometric model based on existing theories of increasing and transferring prices in order to transferring inflation is developed. In other words, world price index and virtual variables defined for targeted subsidies has significant and positive impact on the producer price index. The obtained results indicated that the targeted subsidies act in Iran has influential long and short-term impacts on producer price indexes. Finally, world prices of dairy products and dairy price with respect to major parameters is carried out to obtain some managerial ‎results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=econometric%20models" title="econometric models">econometric models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeted%20subsidies" title=" targeted subsidies"> targeted subsidies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20price%20index%20%28CPI%29" title=" consumer price index (CPI)"> consumer price index (CPI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=producer%20price%20index%20%28PPI%29" title=" producer price index (PPI)"> producer price index (PPI)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33574/targeted-effects-of-subsidies-on-prices-of-selected-commodities-in-iran-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11744</span> Application of the Quantile Regression Approach to the Heterogeneity of the Fine Wine Prices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles-Olivier%20Am%C3%A9d%C3%A9e-Manesme">Charles-Olivier Amédée-Manesme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benoit%20Faye"> Benoit Faye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Le%20Fur"> Eric Le Fur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the heterogeneity of the Bordeaux Legends 50 wine market price segment is addressed. For this purpose, quantile regression is applied – with market segmentation based on wine bottle price quantile – and the hedonic price of wine attributes is computed for various price segments of the market. The approach is applied to a major privately held data set which consists of approximately 30,000 transactions over the 2003–2014 period. The findings suggest that the relative hedonic prices of several wine attributes differ significantly among deciles. In particular, the elasticity coefficient of the expert ratings shows strong variation among prices. If - as suggested in the literature - expert ratings have a positive influence on wine price on average, they have a clearly decreasing impact over the quantiles. Finally, the lower the wine price, the higher the potential for price appreciation over time. Other variables such as chateaux or vintage are also shown to vary across the distribution of wine prices. While enhancing our understanding of the complex market dynamics that underlie Bordeaux wines’ price, this research provides empirical evidence that the QR approach adequately captures heterogeneity among wine price ranges, which simultaneously applies to wine stock, vintage and auctions’ house. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hedonics" title="hedonics">hedonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20segmentation" title=" market segmentation"> market segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantile%20regression" title=" quantile regression"> quantile regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneity" title=" heterogeneity"> heterogeneity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wine%20economics" title=" wine economics"> wine economics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70068/application-of-the-quantile-regression-approach-to-the-heterogeneity-of-the-fine-wine-prices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11743</span> The Impact of Trading Switch on Price and Liquidity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bel%20Abed%20Ines%20Mariem">Bel Abed Ines Mariem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different stock markets keep changing their exchange structure for the only purpose of improving the functioning of their markets. This paper investigates the effects of the transfer from one trading category to another in the Tunisian Stock Exchange on market price and liquidity. The sample consists of 40 securities transferred from call auction to continuous auction and conversely during the period between 2004 and 2013. The methodology used is the event study. Empirical results show an interesting phenomenon observed; stocks transferred to the call system have experienced an improvement on their price and liquidity especially for less liquid ones. However, price and liquidity for stocks transferred from call system to continuous system have decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20auction" title=" call auction"> call auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20auction" title=" continuous auction"> continuous auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price" title=" price"> price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidity%20and%20event%20study" title=" liquidity and event study"> liquidity and event study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056/the-impact-of-trading-switch-on-price-and-liquidity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11742</span> Influence Analysis of Macroeconomic Parameters on Real Estate Price Variation in Taipei, Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Li">Li Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Hsuan%20Chu"> Kai-Hsuan Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well known that the real estate price depends on a lot of factors. Each house current value is dependent on the location, room number, transportation, living convenience, year and surrounding environments. Although, there are different experienced models for housing agent to estimate the price, it is a case by case study without overall dynamic variation investigation. However, many economic parameters may more or less influence the real estate price variation. Here, the influences of most macroeconomic parameters on real estate price are investigated individually based on least-square scheme and grey correlation strategy. Then those parameters are classified into leading indices, simultaneous indices and laggard indices. In addition, the leading time period is evaluated based on least square method. The important leading and simultaneous indices can be used to establish an artificial intelligent neural network model for real estate price variation prediction. The real estate price variation of Taipei, Taiwan during 2005 ~ 2017 are chosen for this research data analysis and validation. The results show that the proposed method has reasonable prediction function for real estate business reference. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20estate%20price" title="real estate price">real estate price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least-square" title=" least-square"> least-square</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grey%20correlation" title=" grey correlation"> grey correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomics" title=" macroeconomics"> macroeconomics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100459/influence-analysis-of-macroeconomic-parameters-on-real-estate-price-variation-in-taipei-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100459.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11741</span> Computer-Assisted Management of Building Climate and Microgrid with Model Predictive Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinko%20Le%C5%A1i%C4%87">Vinko Lešić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Va%C5%A1ak"> Mario Vašak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anita%20Martin%C4%8Devi%C4%87"> Anita Martinčević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marko%20Gulin"> Marko Gulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Star%C4%8Di%C4%87"> Antonio Starčić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hrvoje%20Novak"> Hrvoje Novak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With 40% of total world energy consumption, building systems are developing into technically complex large energy consumers suitable for application of sophisticated power management approaches to largely increase the energy efficiency and even make them active energy market participants. Centralized control system of building heating and cooling managed by economically-optimal model predictive control shows promising results with estimated 30% of energy efficiency increase. The research is focused on implementation of such a method on a case study performed on two floors of our faculty building with corresponding sensors wireless data acquisition, remote heating/cooling units and central climate controller. Building walls are mathematically modeled with corresponding material types, surface shapes and sizes. Models are then exploited to predict thermal characteristics and changes in different building zones. Exterior influences such as environmental conditions and weather forecast, people behavior and comfort demands are all taken into account for deriving price-optimal climate control. Finally, a DC microgrid with photovoltaics, wind turbine, supercapacitor, batteries and fuel cell stacks is added to make the building a unit capable of active participation in a price-varying energy market. Computational burden of applying model predictive control on such a complex system is relaxed through a hierarchical decomposition of the microgrid and climate control, where the former is designed as higher hierarchical level with pre-calculated price-optimal power flows control, and latter is designed as lower level control responsible to ensure thermal comfort and exploit the optimal supply conditions enabled by microgrid energy flows management. Such an approach is expected to enable the inclusion of more complex building subsystems into consideration in order to further increase the energy efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price-optimal%20building%20climate%20control" title="price-optimal building climate control">price-optimal building climate control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microgrid%20power%20flow%20optimisation" title=" Microgrid power flow optimisation"> Microgrid power flow optimisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20model%20predictive%20control" title=" hierarchical model predictive control"> hierarchical model predictive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficient%20buildings" title=" energy efficient buildings"> energy efficient buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20market%20participation" title=" energy market participation"> energy market participation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30873/computer-assisted-management-of-building-climate-and-microgrid-with-model-predictive-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11740</span> An Application of the Single Equation Regression Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Ashiquer%20Rahman">S. K. Ashiquer Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, oil has become more influential in almost every economic sector as a key material. As can be seen from the news, when there are some changes in an oil price or OPEC announces a new strategy, its effect spreads to every part of the economy directly and indirectly. That’s a reason why people always observe the oil price and try to forecast the changes of it. The most important factor affecting the price is its supply which is determined by the number of wildcats drilled. Therefore, a study about the number of wellheads and other economic variables may give us some understanding of the mechanism indicated by the amount of oil supplies. In this paper, we will consider a relationship between the number of wellheads and three key factors: the price of the wellhead, domestic output, and GNP constant dollars. We also add trend variables in the models because the consumption of oil varies from time to time. Moreover, this paper will use an econometrics method to estimate parameters in the model, apply some tests to verify the result we acquire, and then conclude the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price" title="price">price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20output" title=" domestic output"> domestic output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNP" title=" GNP"> GNP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend%20variable" title=" trend variable"> trend variable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildcat%20activity" title=" wildcat activity"> wildcat activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183570/an-application-of-the-single-equation-regression-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11739</span> Reasons of Change in Security Prices and Price Volatility: An Analysis of the European Carbon Futures Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boulis%20M.%20Ibrahim">Boulis M. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iordanis%20A.%20Kalaitzoglou"> Iordanis A. Kalaitzoglou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A micro structural pricing model is proposed in which price components account for learning by incorporating changing expectations of the trading intensity and the risk level of incoming trades. An analysis of European carbon futures transactions finds expected trading intensity to increase the information component and decrease the liquidity component of price changes, but at different rates. Among the results, the expected persistence in trading intensity explains the majority of the auto correlations in the level and the conditional volatility of price changes, helps predict hourly patterns in the bid–ask spread and differentiates between the impact of buy versus sell and continuing versus reversing trades. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emission%20allowances" title="CO2 emission allowances">CO2 emission allowances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20microstructure" title=" market microstructure"> market microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duration" title=" duration"> duration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20discovery" title=" price discovery"> price discovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14938/reasons-of-change-in-security-prices-and-price-volatility-an-analysis-of-the-european-carbon-futures-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14938.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11738</span> Government Intervention in Land Market </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waqar%20Ahmad%20Bajwa">Waqar Ahmad Bajwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the land market, there are two kinds of government intervention. First one is the control of development and second is the supply of land. In the both intervention Government has a lot of benefits. In development control the government designation of conservation areas and the effects of growth controls which may increase the price of land. On other hand Government also apply charge fee on land. The second type of intervention is to increase the supply of land, either by direct action or indirect action, as in the Pakistan, by obligatory purchase or important domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20of%20control" title="supply of control">supply of control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20development" title=" control of development"> control of development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20fee" title=" charge fee"> charge fee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20control" title=" land control"> land control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78717/government-intervention-in-land-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11737</span> An Analysis of Oil Price Changes and Other Factors Affecting Iranian Food Basket: A Panel Data Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niloofar%20Ashktorab">Niloofar Ashktorab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negar%20Ashktorab"> Negar Ashktorab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oil exports fund nearly half of Iran’s government expenditures, since many years other countries have been imposed different sanctions against Iran. Sanctions that primarily target Iran’s key energy sector have harmed Iran’s economy. The strategic effects of sanctions might be reduction as Iran adjusts to them economically. In this study, we evaluate the impact of oil price and sanctions against Iran on food commodity prices by using panel data method. Here, we find that the food commodity prices, the oil price and real exchange rate are stationary. The results show positive effect of oil price changes, real exchange rate and sanctions on food commodity prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20price" title="oil price">oil price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20basket" title=" food basket"> food basket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanctions" title=" sanctions"> sanctions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data" title=" panel data"> panel data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4834/an-analysis-of-oil-price-changes-and-other-factors-affecting-iranian-food-basket-a-panel-data-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11736</span> Factors Influencing the Housing Price: Developers’ Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernawati%20Mustafa%20Kamal">Ernawati Mustafa Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnanywati%20Hassan"> Hasnanywati Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atasya%20Osmadi"> Atasya Osmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The housing industry is crucial for sustainable development of every country. Housing is a basic need that can enhance the quality of life. Owning a house is therefore the main aim of individuals. However, affordability has become a critical issue towards homeownership. In recent years, housing price in the main cities has increased tremendously to unaffordable level. This paper investigates factors influencing the housing price from developer’s perspective and provides recommendation on strategies to tackle this issue. Online and face-to-face survey was conducted on housing developers operating in Penang, Malaysia. The results indicate that (1) location; (2) macroeconomics factor; (3) demographic factors; (4) land/zoning and; (5) industry factors are the main factors influencing the housing price. This paper contributes towards better understanding on developers’ view on how the housing price is determined and form a basis for government to help tackle the housing affordability issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors%20influence" title="factors influence">factors influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house%20price" title=" house price"> house price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20developers" title=" housing developers"> housing developers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41899/factors-influencing-the-housing-price-developers-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> 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