CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "worldwide.espacenet.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8eb14315be51193a',cH: '4dxqykOFj7HE0CRm0w5BGFmHwuJwI0J.vVKHDo3orvs-1733037074-1.2.1.1-TT6CUS6LUoKyBAXbKWwPBG3T9YspMGbNrXK10sJDpD5G021WJaoWCimYG3.wyLqc',cUPMDTk: "\/patent\/search?q=pn%3DUS6436185&called_by=EuropeanRegister&__cf_chl_tk=g2lNJjb6e0HdpgUl__E.WrNUC.XqCdOlaayVSxfU0dI-1733037074-1.0.1.1-TQEokkyhWhkAw537skU19.lxJT3aKG.HKGUquRGrmxs",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1733037074',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/patent\/search?q=pn%3DUS6436185&called_by=EuropeanRegister&__cf_chl_f_tk=g2lNJjb6e0HdpgUl__E.WrNUC.XqCdOlaayVSxfU0dI-1733037074-1.0.1.1-TQEokkyhWhkAw537skU19.lxJT3aKG.HKGUquRGrmxs",md: "Uxn2G316Fnz9cJgd0KZPJKzkUhBDa2VfLGBvRXSndVI-1733037074-1.2.1.1-UChOHlOZ3q4Eb_lRDmIHCO1lyCRHqz8DHMSJhpAkXinRMxu32p17y.FDNsEZqyeZBwQXexecZb4QLwJgrfQyED3eDUXrS_8_eG6vIlKipaWJE4X56qPqZ_XkY2hloqO7GBo5cDqyhLWGzpX0fmwc3VEpO7FO7A3kBMOhcSK8F9GA1UHRxPAGKRUJdRnJ.wZFntI5ENNZ9dEOiv.D_Rc5z3lGVtQRL8hOnzSy9MQxGd5Sc9wfJ39fRQuB6xL7CtTqF0bgpoBGpM4HHe.zUsMbgD0tEtEs6h0T8ME6uV.luReq3pgpR7ye65QXBcRCGuoX.GhJil6o2EXcmcouVpMVlwuoEX972xEYkgK66DrmkYEEzxL0NOT3pDh3ABb1P_eeQ0iHI1GemL.HF_eTrgMi_AZyCIIJVMCIb1CjWtB5X4fenKWFKl9DePWwRMyzLN.ITUxBqHNPO6PxVvi_sNFbdVfdNcu3zBS_BVsCJzMYBsAnEY5oXii6OMIvzS.AtJ8Vvv_99EG8exOoCNNg6KtmnjkjfLhPBtJqUqgorVJn1AZzp_P4aq98qbArGgmWSsUuBgeataGJB6ZdDb9hJbDWw_Jh3vaDUDPtRjiWuR6ZETB9YKjB5T1Ts8RduSto6xFDLS_69sik7mpgnS5zSRBtPqKWm6KCi8On2.C2aMjWMvsl8l7i.YIa0x42QpeVBHKAg.p._D3Ko9HmPj7_7btPmN6HYeZifRHpn03AaqKc_Cu5bz1xnHH1GSOgkqQm9MegUNKBWWvhTw86mFZlg.8h4IUeAfBWv_uW47tqwK6mC98hVADnITRkQEoJPMVg.7HUU9FJ_xkRib3kP3yvNLaACDr6FXIbd_CoAiUuzUSLbQv0tiqd4jvvmLFFeKEjToiisEpELGl5JojHsoEF33.oudvVoSMRaoMjNHHK.Qoxy8u6NsjWdPxf6E7d7sHqZ_dWjK749I99YLZb5A9e8X27LfLxoW85DERFkl90d7RLwDNHLPkO16rPd2K9HXLwDiWEIhhm5C0n.TkcqUctE5_l9w_zl17tucZlwnN6eJh.SIRZTa3npuAitEx1A5nL1D_RjP9U8IHl1HSpHs_LCuM8Q9LOswzquUgLFVUgZAgJWAeyTZQRtoC8yLpUDSglyr8wbk7WWtMxjCWT2aXPotOB_JZrakvKasco_kRHRAqXkzdSRnE0jV30abpFKYg6cQg.Meop84V3fWVQ0tB9Vk7DTYqW7dKQ3c1MsGISiMQwN56yFthF1DEZh2mzl0XFzl0PCknF8Bfb2.VSjdPGR.A85SIw8UzGRKVgDP0w4B80B0aQs8AHR0mdKWjvqvzKAwaIGq4D4m3xH2CXNLhDsZBpwsHuvUfSv54R8dwQANJWGiN9vL8v22fcHzW_hzHqnEi7l3yTT2C7mulv0wAm.44eK6UufbMHAxh6SbHLznpS7AhgfDZQsqNgb1VIigAK0nvpKSYIehqnNldEhVBfBlMAENpIbIQuqMwsZQsA1OI7HTVPfPL6HLENBz85kIhJjZuSsEzI2DB0AAa4DUcT8fzv3SVm.ZwcfUB.W0Oq.DqIsPKW.cJSOcbKuHrkZLyqU3w_JaSjSz3vm.vvCGu4bskN06SHX9y0wOc65LaZVBmVvSLBfp_OIZ0Qd7ig51d9BV3Q._klnpVcNNdtDGkZVIfe3uvkQZKuGT.yto3.qA8o5seij.Rz6MKhBP0e1z7AD01_n6rvE2j8j8Zce1aqRfZrpOSl_RV8dwq0Lhr0cBXqeWvf5ggV.4R.Zm1B3asTxqqJR1jCUEDu1I92vONcAU0WDsZFlr4UcAj.ol472jPpnkDAFdM4ZUTpCdWELoUt9NhrcSDbhkWTccIJkP4WdmC0EpFyQUh.cfasYrEL8OxrqTp1equxgPxv5eBcWzg4WjXPHglDFg7fx.DRzZH9.Wsqxct_WYqbtehD2iUeg8KJMqFsbGZrs2zkBMHAi6i.ScH.nkV9Inav3GSk6zKBIwCJ16_F6RS6_0jAFQOlveRGHvyLZ6xj9jrVGCOEqCp1xNcIIpGNZBTxwFUBEPI95DtsZC27ycXceGO2usNUJZDFOH0CxaE7QfLa18gYpImpvmXcYXYNcxQcuFGM6e_Ek1g.qKKlaINucitLo0R7M2MQJsIsCGD.9I8nZAfZl9gx3H0mrhZzdqLu2nWF8NIJPjqS1TME5Ut0dvv8EFwYdGaPtWc1LNXCbESEAPCW3x0fKVQFVmW4qGu4zt.vRqPnMNGjPRJkLymj7k6fzdlddnSeUgTBkiERGfPXECIHk6gM1kU7KriO3G0h.AMr7q_yVQUeMgyCIMOdhgE3gQQRAQULyOdlEkQPVXBsMl.AXOscxBGqwUk56RHsFQprXVz33yklOd5Boafba4OX_APgX.mV8QGAS9yfI0cd7axpzrAIG2gi4dAHOlDhCLH2nLi3YxbgkWOX9q8ig8yU.NKBZ2cR__N8ScSKifrEXSwZuCoYdNyFM8GOopC5Bq45KW_fiMYNI2Udl5vvZeHRNZ9pEEbDWUhYIPods8deVBNFrvcwC1gTb9oZJXl2c4jMXLQAS8VdoxSfdYWh3LdWaZa8q6dOsCIG2B__9IrJibO5bfvxheaTYjftb24RE5Wb4ZOU1zFAln20lTnkKjlJ8y9EFtd6PXZD.UFczJxE4e4SSi7YpnF.5Im0IQDD2fPMPa_snemmyMRsj.Rk4EDJFlj8AxiXOydGpMp69PYeXPXLaHeTfyspZEoC3PpsCoRKqz1nlTmwmrTerWCzAhrthEIUTDjgbS1Ou9L..KgDAUkCFhJ8z_gpYJCK2eO84el23VKxSmPkhSxMFYNPn76kAmNdmCU_24vwOzmIvICYzNS8Qbzb.hr6J7QF68IvgiDOJg6xxhJ8t8.q19hYhzogvozEuUaEsYBE.Y.y7Zt_96bPaUeRT4sEdhCghpVG8MR.Ad9eYCB5BlhSGNlb1WLJ59eKbZ7ynjedS8gsJ3e_3CpmjYb6CNldCWGjHMZtRFeH_B1F5Yn9cA",mdrd: "a7X.uJG7J0oP7UEWoQfcXrP95g7w6O4iCsBM0ggBtfc-1733037074-1.2.1.1-lqFTTKoCQfIwOUk0.kITYj2wsWWu3MtGMMwyFaTU_suN0yqdsNtuAHMG5vvxyjC81KUST1HAWVnop1a8XYkRpxTCPBwy4bALrX6AqZG_73vtp3y6jJBdFSQllPu68NjjOWGfLlix1gKTCynIYVMJGnjjUPi22tbRuF.7PtPW82S2kteoXi.O9o_ASV7H2ifiXgxvty0Ok4UeeERpP8MnlkL3YRt1CJdcIQBqeZltmaTKX9qW1YFWUUWWFC.r9yn7phjze8PRJHrwSA5Fc0GHK8_5GFqS9KDbqlxQwLAIsLj7NDQTBMxyUB3ICDbEH2CIsrf.t94iHjWwCx.7fOJ0tdaEnTKqniqx0lAOiwcYwl2wu4Q_pWpohWq31dchh_D_ryH_rwcsUUyt98XqLYOxaQwR92FV9o4dUiCuw4TEO9RKyF7dvjYWKV91POxkM.fPokqiHXoRg8yRUniyvy2wSO8TtV1FvgjfojyWwow4_aqhbi0B9rwFgzeQnGn4zBCEOac_Ij6akH4hMq672FOgoPQCi1oHgAQ8thwseOOYfo.bWXPJJtiTuG1ENrvAGw7y4RLZPrgSO.qGk2Lmob5yOedCUn4ZmN1aXH8SIhFjJpKm4RUOwaf.0RAb1lyWu3JPEAAs2duR2Z7J6NgP9J5DsyIkKsMPpf7JTn6bbQH4b7RmnGsBmI.HflKRggpusJbcaUuC2wNB9jzmUhyh8IH.7DRMH_h4HkpR5S3PpD5ecVB4.snSynx1DnTFoz1cAKIWQa0VSvLB5LvIuxTbwGMFsKyO9CMqRx8_DcCAaV1ULJI58XMVI.SE2WvKszFEK.UIMD2xnj_ciTJfV8Snj1FPYA0IoUvK.uXwA7Go2fIjV1xuqWjR5Q5EV0hvvGb4NVEUGKLvgoQxff2Z5iXDOovGlsOx19ds4oPcppY6V8P3zBxBUBxUj5LWjqwBzr42myDiPcUNbnhl04nwz557fRlxBMytV5whsGb4PrDeKmSL30bxsTA0jjw3uMdDsmzz1Cuc9526nP_7_f5u7aBZHubAnENklbDoPaI5JiqawHObosgAiQTb7e_J_TmGcpshvxFmCa6MdEushE_Jg0eTkumVV8npnjgXOr35xEVZwK4WRByXoBtfIHSKG91Wvuh2lZswsaWDfwgzrd1OcDcb98a0YpV63ZztQkzvErgfE9V1RxTYCAqHy1y3seX_hUbA0JWzjlX9QvPWIS7xsvRZOlALLG0vUelhRy8xnmMwr0LRqvMLa.2270LZEB4EHdDhbx6R13H4DW64go1SoI9hAGmgiEdqQ3Adgtm2jlVPOjRBqTXVeIMZYKbdq5ZYoFopxashRHywehz54SKPpiRRHpNmATrM48SQoKrcognY_xTjYZUxNpfppWg4P5Z1dCWKJOxrMnpknm2qsFejpcdXdZoue8wY29d3TLh3zDbXkx6.qYDBbv.jlUEXqG1.GnS_aLvqYxPsEQjVMaHn4tlh4nU1PiKwr4vje0r4i.tuuUwBa3ql_mTCQCZauEVS95HK7.ZqbrKg3k6KjhnuiNFdcgLsQzwtjozWQbd5.6azh8Iyap8a4PF9vTqSMB.RRMY9RHLUhTkXLa71BE5FLFZkok2b9ZqQrNkQQiQClMpjInzO4kCBCJZafwzCbJQw4fb16uaCbJrDhYKgRq6XkNOvZ3aoc5A1MZLhR9JahswZbK57detSH5MUofvmJhSDnvg2CAvBwJQSau901jxrkPHz4_25grmI.v_jUC0T0yxShXoUsULHnLfksj_p0VJsKRrkgKKv.Ew8ct1zaUuw7Fekf8G3Bd29HJKgdCs9VQZwpURajZtaHsutSpT_2DBrgr73PD29P0v9uXDI2UekSiefzj1rvcGfNDeBTmKYxg_bhbkrBrzqJXeJYNWbvCfmwVBXNaI_MA9Juyf1boXdHBf1CM9fRoDE2..ZTJtzkC.T6orjII0CkqrseXHX0pTwCidt9GWgRUrzEqUGZQWuGOOjrB.GVQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8eb14315be51193a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/patent\/search?q=pn%3DUS6436185&called_by=EuropeanRegister&__cf_chl_rt_tk=g2lNJjb6e0HdpgUl__E.WrNUC.XqCdOlaayVSxfU0dI-1733037074-1.0.1.1-TQEokkyhWhkAw537skU19.lxJT3aKG.HKGUquRGrmxs" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>