CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91c6e08ad89b405c',cH: 'VkQBKF9beGZiJH.OjNRrCwmlzrbvqFZLkRXMU2VwkHg-1741316788-1.2.1.1-da3pH3to24N24DoRT7uqozC96yoeAEV.DILCk7OnAhU2C1XunujzNZQA2b7oPTeJ',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=homogeneous%20friction&__cf_chl_tk=0WoS0PVXx9qK8NAEnMWmh1r4CZBFMR_5gFgnjJKy9AI-1741316788-1.0.1.1-8B9vwxc.SLTEoK0nos3lmKqowpKpyA2HH2KJ48YZR9c",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741316788',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=homogeneous%20friction&__cf_chl_f_tk=0WoS0PVXx9qK8NAEnMWmh1r4CZBFMR_5gFgnjJKy9AI-1741316788-1.0.1.1-8B9vwxc.SLTEoK0nos3lmKqowpKpyA2HH2KJ48YZR9c",md: "8xQrklW5AxtPvf1d8NGqBKQPHM6XKdxnqx6tt3y5ctw-1741316788-1.2.1.1-JHTdi.loprlproRKf.BaZCEOO_FpK1gZO_EsEYbJDsxEa0J.T2cUw9e6S7aFpJ8XjVhQ45a05_RslC6LZurDIq2BJZ6cfg3Mexl9TkYW_pfuONtgWpkMNcPClqrvcrRM0WXFLfEzH4ZgPw7NHQltEVO8wLVdivhaMc1RwFX2WRzJQ02UUiGABTXr9JFSOAE8JkaduC9cfYYSjP0eESFb9J5cNiuDo02yWCNt_08rM_H6DWsj_GNZ0IKnoFaJ2VHEXK9JQLLFXvxITohIGnKkbDA1Wgn0VdzD3Atcn5c04GimjJHb2bpxiE2XlK24GEOHZApO.0UvjmJTEZobdMiouIUEu6f9pa.Z8hDm828PavRhhrfH1XzY33lkOlFlVLpMalxxyPd_zy4QqJ7PM36cI6jN3V43BJ0y.hk5M2xwMvWrYeQGVl6Wxuph6tDwiK7rXQtz0462LaVhcaQG7Mtoji6O6l0_jGPpwCbtASED.iItEpxP8osZ5bO.3.G4Yb6mhZm0tjzqb.xGWRfL_G2P84oOtK6YENFGSvVcZj4rzRzYHWVJiFoJZgN8JRFXPYiiXYr_EvZJp1UmsG3r3M7WtOE3P9Sb41pI6qzZwbzPPIvLyeJnDtHHy2kSayX.SVySN1esoltDtmv7T19cr6kBcsWDBK44lpjgw6FPEUjwA9iR2suWY112QukIlsLUTljVhGIS.ec3WnhZWRttqe.pVkWd77V01WrawwZ8QKk7bHoNOi19WZqgcw89W__DPeJRxWycuz2XnSALHd3mBc3.AjXDM7a_U7c.l0ySGAZk.0MJmUs9lUoGxgkDLY2stNr0V1EH6ERQOG8zAmjdxDwn3lICfZxIIoGAI._a6qEUlripC_c_FVjc3w93AlDZzXT5bmj9rudybC5grXE_ooTylzj.kEFm.0EHjoySXlwyR7z1uKf47xRsivaU6pvcq3vwMY88VXWjXt_DpyPOF.d4h.QaXpMF2OaAyHqIkszP0nodSxOFM3m4ksQ9Hx1WZaFDbFeC7D6LBcFIIIZgqZwa._sKBZCWFE0efjPaeTI7RNLkfXGwOCRBhg.DK.L6MzdrSOxc1IPY2QKxAlrlqyee.j.XGTol4gGAKTD6GoEXBGDk4.AN1Qw3Tx5X.rUa2dxLovBbBxsmyLapjY51FvYFoBMMWqbbrStBfMNEAW5IdruicPHiO11hjqXSz5P_bPCjWY04RgvHq63aebfmFeF0zq0B0IPlq5dvVZ83TGUW5oqoMMRm9EFZbUc1rthoMxrjQ_kEq9_GstXW6yXNJgIbh9VOKJwTIEXeBw017NiN0NE",mdrd: "DW8HuxKqMJXglHGJ_YgJaZOX3M6g.gcw0cpWBRJ8qvQ-1741316788-1.2.1.1-Tg9oewiM0cX621YmMoCZ4PgCp6wkVHnCl8R2O_xjRZQ97SUgN6UVax6XQCaM_Pjy5xGSXFVyc6abNQOmBtEMjyYGMGMk92L3aqWaid0pHA.q4MtIR9kJ0aUAiOKuiKqZ6DUKhVk8nKHqEskj6g9yopyQaJgymnUg2uyf8Z.1kPNp3o_exKYuUJjAz_ac6CiHruL1bA.Q4mwJt48prkRIq1vnkKzUSbkbn93m0q2B2j7xDB9yrxoelbycJUShKwsN6R227JT_YrOw0FuFMopwywSIKKmEHpg7MiLE670d.yKODiUD_NRnoh32HTA24GfWs739Oznt1SQSHGSFp19O53HASt2g4m0rcCRkO7UAmOlnpmvTb3cfZbqHwGdHw7578Kl2nCkE8hNwbXgh.ghrWLMkMPg2pKZ6K9VmZ40s0BGMBaqEvH57wKqKyBKV2T0NF1sJmIogQ.nr7qsTvrZI5HS3yFqqTVsIieXkRMkYB4U0XpreH8w6qvM5yui6XG.8NfNvrCz_pOrF6kTmlARJ_SKuL_S5jx9Fe_eR0Fka3yvvq2KeI58oGA7pL.WWDNBsElTgAhMTx4wSZWeEP8f4gZCahRgvR5eibegaftP0B7QypPPHnkqz8oQTVoWEq4mSuiNmuVUDSSfPfKwHJKpTbmEJevZpPWQFW9xZbNr8DTJ.a3XQ.MbZEJ3FXrlvwHoy9SsBKOOHVdtLuIc6n4BPLLg3C_0hVvre0B_QPqscCgmYmt8YJ3kq.0MUS0g.Oj2Rld0PK1MiVdu0Uk2rjXJFTWwBhM0KvcQ2gSvGHhuHrx470WowV.KRIWlOetuijwmUpNQMEtfRqcreyJLbU69YMGbUS.0MhazCtmxIsl7IcNGx1yTFN3L7TRPAY1bfQA53mPrc8hkgKwrMAcD1f8x1R3LIxqIa3kE8cDQT.PfRGrz69JAxcxJkXQ1SFtuG1FJiuJhEss_1DF5BxXq1d2E421_8nCs0o3bgdX5tCHjTVvzNYSf4ZjCcDt9pmF05oS48_0Cd3V3iZ2wpeMgSUSTGQcRmOGKpeWbfH7g_cxIwOxTUGw.v0CkgNVgRBBAQc0F0c_orOk8Yn.jZyblV.qNOvHq4EGfLw_l3LRGpXfrPJO2kThlQ.VnOI3kTTc3UPpl50d8AwKsWA5KTuu7M1g1wnghFAI7FhYsfI3mFQ9QsL8_juaOxdpQ8QfmutuKDEIKzzFlH0GOAH4qC689uw3nW_7G1U5_0Nz0cNLNlkw2HRr3S5DhRN52Q9c6wzEGh6Wb_PHqQJqT8n8ebLHm5bjLqXoKNrs2XhqGHINQt9DUpzs5brxUSd32fVoIiTrBGbDjeb4hYj.aZAO01NUpdfH6q4yxLvB2iHNh8iYHbt0kGiSy7gdEW1VZQs4nD5BMRn6kHJP5dMK6PBlxL6fuHLSGLHkmKenCfyu2eRg7oXbLU0frXPzrr7Qp86NZjlsuP9lxUp_9eVQMeNhPUXLQNhYln2iwQHewxSH8EuggRrq6nLgc6U7w7CE8uhfHrb5D9FxUD6CVDoz8zZ5VVrtACHYmCB2EQz40lUV5ArYUpdGHlE7QMLOdF24dsdj15Jy1CNIrcjLVDnGI5CdtsWySmcOTfOhhSGai1w2INZmh5HqR90ztNgkxu8oAD3bBogT9Taet4WCFcfMD5uFkNeoh7T8z2CadWP.Ca5c_ZKgccetr11rTGr76rWX3WYBA_YmzhvLAjhOStv5RhrnEIpGPUX6kOCZZjhO_GR66.Q5SDk2vT6AcfveQ4cU65pnFuGXsX9SQYZr6.pfsnDhcweUA1bj1vXYH1cS0yNfkr_RxKQsigN.hQLs2f9g4WLHR1DKQuvSi71wY8X44PNPTqC4IsxptM3._T8Uh45zTRBM1AWld36NArmXJUN66uFDdn6p0Yvfn3mRSmx3I1q.0TG97jl.e7Vt7F69RPZrCq0yRwQwfVZFlAI0RbbPmEwE4WiSEljGrc"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91c6e08ad89b405c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=homogeneous%20friction&__cf_chl_rt_tk=0WoS0PVXx9qK8NAEnMWmh1r4CZBFMR_5gFgnjJKy9AI-1741316788-1.0.1.1-8B9vwxc.SLTEoK0nos3lmKqowpKpyA2HH2KJ48YZR9c" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>