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news campaigns in the Philippines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coverage_of_fake_news_campaigns_in_the_Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shutdown_order_by_the_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shutdown_order_by_the_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Shutdown order by the Securities and Exchange Commission </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shutdown_order_by_the_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Notable features </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable features subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mood_Meter_feature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mood_Meter_feature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Mood Meter feature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mood_Meter_feature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lighthouse_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lighthouse_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Lighthouse platform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lighthouse_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rappler+" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rappler+"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Rappler+ </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rappler+-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Agos </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newsbreak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newsbreak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Newsbreak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newsbreak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Legal issues </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legal issues subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Revocation_of_certificate_of_incorporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revocation_of_certificate_of_incorporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Revocation of certificate of incorporation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revocation_of_certificate_of_incorporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyberlibel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyberlibel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Cyberlibel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyberlibel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_cases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Tax cases </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ownership_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ownership_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Ownership structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ownership_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies_and_criticisms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies_and_criticisms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Controversies and criticisms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies_and_criticisms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" 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mw-first-heading">Rappler</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%B1" title="راپلر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راپلر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="ラップラー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラップラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rappler" title="Rappler – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Rappler" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Rappler</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Rappler_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/Rappler_logo.svg/150px-Rappler_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/Rappler_logo.svg/225px-Rappler_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/Rappler_logo.svg/300px-Rappler_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="83" data-file-height="93" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">January 1, 2012; 13 years ago (2012-01-01)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a><a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cheche_Lazaro" title="Cheche Lazaro">Cheche Lazaro</a><a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Glenda Gloria<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Chay Hofileña<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Lilibeth Frondoso<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Gemma Mendoza<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marites_Da%C3%B1guilan_Vitug" class="mw-redirect" title="Marites Dañguilan Vitug">Marites Dañguilan Vitug</a><a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Raymund Miranda<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Manuel Ayala<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nix_Nolledo" title="Nix Nolledo">Nico Jose Nolledo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">Unit B, 3/F, North Wing Estancia Offices, <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Commons" title="Capitol Commons">Capitol Commons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ortigas_Center" title="Ortigas Center">Ortigas Center</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">Philippines</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Natashya Gutierrez (President)</li><li>Maria Ressa (CEO)</li><li>Jon Dayao (CTO)</li><li>Glenda Gloria (Executive Editor)</li><li>Chay Hofileña (Managing Editor)</li></ul></div><a href="#cite_note-futureProofs-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Peso" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Peso">PHP</a>139.47 million (<a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">FY</a> 2015)<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">PHP-38.35 million (FY 2015)<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">Rappler Holdings Corporation (98.8%)<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a> Others (1.2%)<a href="#cite_note-financial-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Rappler Holdings Corporation</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/">www.rappler.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14903716#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> Rappler (<a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of the words "rap" and "ripple")<a href="#cite_note-celebratedPhilippineNewsBoss-3">[3]</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Philippines" title="Mass media in the Philippines">Filipino</a> <a href="/wiki/Online_news" class="mw-redirect" title="Online news">online news</a> website based in <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a>, the Philippines. It was founded by <a href="/wiki/2021_Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="2021 Nobel Peace Prize">2021 Nobel Peace Prize</a> laureate <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> along with a group of fellow Filipino journalists as well as technopreneurs. It started as a <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> page named MovePH in August 2011<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> and evolved into a website on January 1, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-aboutrappler-5">[5]</a> In 2018, agencies under the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Philippines" title="Government of the Philippines">Philippine government</a> initiated legal proceedings against Rappler.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Rappler and its staff alleged it was being targeted for its revelations of corruption by government and elected officials, the usage of bots and trolls favoring <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a>'s administration,<a href="#cite_note-propagandaWarWeaponizingInternet-7">[7]</a> and documenting the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">Philippine drug war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guardianCyberLibel-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnnWhatIsRappler-9">[9]</a> In October 2021, Rappler co-founder Ressa, alongside Russian journalist <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Muratov" title="Dmitry Muratov">Dmitry Muratov</a>, was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> for safeguarding freedom of expression in their homelands.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> With the idea of professional journalists using social media and crowd sourcing for news distribution,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Rappler was started in 2011 by Filipino journalist <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> along with her entrepreneur and journalist friends.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> Brainstorming for the company began some time in 2010 when Maria Ressa was writing her second book, From Bin Laden to Facebook. Other key people involved in its conceptualization and creation were former <a href="/wiki/Newsbreak_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Newsbreak (magazine)">Newsbreak</a> head and <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News_Channel" title="ABS-CBN News Channel">ABS-CBN News Channel</a> managing editor Glenda Gloria, journalist and <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_De_Manila_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Ateneo De Manila University">Ateneo De Manila University</a> professor Chay Hofileña, former <a href="/wiki/TV_Patrol" title="TV Patrol">TV Patrol</a> executive producer Lilibeth Frondoso, Philippine Internet pioneer <a href="/wiki/Nix_Nolledo" title="Nix Nolledo">Nix Nolledo</a>, Internet entrepreneur Manuel I. Ayala, and former <a href="/wiki/NBC_Universal_Global_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="NBC Universal Global Networks">NBC Universal Global Networks Asia-Pacific</a> managing director Raymund Miranda.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Rappler first went public as a <a href="/wiki/Beta_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta version">beta version</a> website on January 1, 2012, the same day that the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a> published a Rappler piece that broke the story of (then) Philippine Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Renato_Corona" title="Renato Corona">Renato Corona</a> being awarded a <a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas" title="University of Santo Tomas">University of Santo Tomas</a> doctoral degree without a required dissertation.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The site officially launched at its #MoveManila event at the <a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_University" title="Far Eastern University">Far Eastern University</a> in Manila on January 12, 2012.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coverage_of_fake_news_campaigns_in_the_Philippines">Coverage of fake news campaigns in the Philippines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Coverage of fake news campaigns in the Philippines">edit</a>]</div> In 2016, Rappler began to be critical of the <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte_presidential_campaign,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodrigo Duterte presidential campaign, 2016">Duterte</a>-led government of the Philippines, which had just taken office in 2016, and its controversial <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Drug War">war on drugs</a> after Rappler noticed a network of paid followers and dummy accounts on <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> spreading <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a> related to Duterte.<a href="#cite_note-pbs-17">[17]</a> On January 11, 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission</a> revoked Rappler's license to operate as a "mass media" entity, for allegedly violating the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines" title="Constitution of the Philippines">Constitution's</a> Foreign Equity Restrictions in Mass Media by being wholly foreign-owned.<a href="#cite_note-SECruling-18">[18]</a> Rappler then sought a petition for review from the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals</a> on January 28, but was rejected on July 26, 2018, finding no grave abuse of discretion on the part of the SEC. Many journalistic organizations and committees saw the act as intimidation meant to silence opposition and control freedom of the press.<a href="#cite_note-CAaffirms-19">[19]</a> On October 26, 2017, Rappler became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Poynter_Institute" title="Poynter Institute">Poynter Institute</a>'s International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN). This led to Facebook tapping Rappler and <a href="/wiki/Vera_Files" title="Vera Files">Vera Files</a> in April 2018 to be its Philippine partners on its worldwide <a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">fact-checking</a> program, in part because of their participation in the IFCN.<a href="#cite_note-:2-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> Under the program, false news stories will appear lower on users' news feeds and lower the chances of people seeing those stories.<a href="#cite_note-:2-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> The program, according to a Facebook executive, "is one of the ways we hope to better identify and reduce the reach of false news that people share on our platform."<a href="#cite_note-:3-21">[21]</a> A spokesperson for the Philippine government backed the fact-checking program but protested Facebook's partnership with Rappler.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shutdown_order_by_the_Securities_and_Exchange_Commission">Shutdown order by the Securities and Exchange Commission</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Shutdown order by the Securities and Exchange Commission">edit</a>]</div> On June 29, 2022, Maria Ressa released a statement stating that the Philippine government has ordered that Rappler be shut down.<a href="#cite_note-:9-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> The shutdown order came right as the former President Rodrigo Duterte was set to leave office. The <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission</a> stated that it decided to uphold the shut down order due to the findings of its own investigation and that of the courts finding Rappler's funding model to be unconstitutional. Ressa commented on the ruling and called them "intimidation tactics". She also stated that they will continue to exhaust all legal remedies to fight the ruling. She also noted that Rappler will continue to operate due to the order only being executory on approval of a court.<a href="#cite_note-:9-24">[24]</a><blockquote>"This is intimidation. These are political tactics. We refuse to succumb to them. We're not going to voluntarily give up our rights. And we really shouldn't. I continue to appeal for that because when you give up your rights, you're never going to get them back." – Maria Ressa<a href="#cite_note-:9-24">[24]</a></blockquote> On August 9, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals</a> Special 7th Division promulgated a <a href="/wiki/July_23" title="July 23">July 23</a> decision overturning the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission</a>'s order in 2018 to shut down Rappler on foreign ownership grounds, citing "grave abuse of discretion" and other legal and constitutional violations by the former.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In effect the CA, in granting Rappler's <a href="/wiki/Certiorari" title="Certiorari">certiorari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Writ_of_prohibition" title="Writ of prohibition">prohibition</a> directed the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">SEC</a> to restore Rappler, Inc. and Rappler Holdings Corporation's <a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_Incorporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Certificate of Incorporation">certificate of Incorporation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_features">Notable features</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable features">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mood_Meter_feature">Mood Meter feature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mood Meter feature">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rappler_Mood_Meter.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Rappler_Mood_Meter.png/200px-Rappler_Mood_Meter.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Rappler_Mood_Meter.png/300px-Rappler_Mood_Meter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Rappler_Mood_Meter.png 2x" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Rappler Mood Meter displaying the feedback of an article's readers</figcaption></figure> "Mood Meter" is a <a href="/wiki/Web_widget" title="Web widget">web widget</a> embedded on each of Rappler's blogs and articles.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> It appears as colored bubbles showing the way people react to Rappler's stories.<a href="#cite_note-ftrappler-29">[29]</a> Readers are prompted to choose their response from eight different emotional reactions. The ten stories that received the most reactions in the last 48-hour period would appear on the Mood Navigator.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The Rappler Mood Meter, which is similar to Facebook Reactions,<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> won the Bronze Medal for Brand Experience at the 2012 Boomerang Awards sponsored by the Internet Media Marketing Association of the Philippines.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lighthouse_platform">Lighthouse platform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lighthouse platform">edit</a>]</div> In 2020, Rappler launched its new content delivery and community engagement platform with several features such as <a href="/wiki/WCAG" class="mw-redirect" title="WCAG">WCAG 2.0 AA compliance</a>, content moderation through topics, <a href="/wiki/Liveblogging" title="Liveblogging">live blogs</a>, and premium subscriptions.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Rappler also allows private use of its new software platform for other organizations.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rappler+">Rappler+</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Rappler+">edit</a>]</div> Rappler+ is an exclusive membership program of Rappler launched in 2019. Aside from weekly newsletters, members get access to investigative reports, research data, industry reports, and e-books produced by the digital media and investigative journalism firm.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agos">Agos</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Agos">edit</a>]</div> Agos is a crowdsourcing platform focused on disaster risk reduction and mitigation using digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and social media.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newsbreak">Newsbreak</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Newsbreak">edit</a>]</div> Rappler traces part of its roots to Newsbreak, an investigative news magazine established in 2001 and noted for its coverage of political and social issues in the Philippines. Several of Rappler’s co-founders were previously part of Newsbreak, bringing their investigative and editorial expertise to Rappler’s pioneering online news approach.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_issues">Legal issues</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Legal issues">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Rappler cases</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Revocation_of_certificate_of_incorporation">Alleged ownership irregularities</a>: <ul><li>Securities and Exchange Commission: In re: Rappler Inc. and Rappler Holdings Corporation (SP Case No. 08-17-001)</li> <li>Court of Appeals: Rappler Inc. v. <abbr title="Securities and Exchange Commission">SEC</abbr> (CA-G.R. SP No. 154292)</li> <li>Pasig City <abbr title="Regional Trial Court">RTC</abbr> Branch 265: People of the Philippines v. Maria Ressa (R-PSG-19-00737-CR)</li></ul> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Cyberlibel">Alleged defamation</a>: <ul><li>Manila <abbr title="Regional Trial Court">RTC</abbr> Branch 46: <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Philippines_v._Santos,_Ressa_and_Rappler" title="People of the Philippines v. Santos, Ressa and Rappler">People of the Philippines v. Santos, Ressa and Rappler</a> (R-MNL-19-01141-CR)</li></ul> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Tax_cases">Alleged tax evasion</a>: <ul><li>Pasig City <abbr title="Regional Trial Court">RTC</abbr> Branch 165: People of the Philippines v. Rappler Holdings Corp. (R-PSG-18-02983-CR)</li> <li>Court of Tax Appeals: People of the Philippines v. Rappler Holdings Corp. and Maria Ressa (<abbr title="Criminal">Crim.</abbr> Case No. O-679)</li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rappler_cases" title="Template:Rappler cases"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rappler_cases" title="Template talk:Rappler cases"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rappler_cases" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rappler cases"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Many legal cases have been filed by various government agencies against Rappler since 2017; these cases are collectively considered by <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> as "judicial harassment."<a href="#cite_note-guardianCyberLibel-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-:10-39">[39]</a> Among other cases are cases alleging ownership irregularities and tax evasion.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-41">[41]</a> Both Ressa<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chel_Diokno" title="Chel Diokno">Chel Diokno</a>, a human rights attorney who represents Rappler, connect a statement made by President <a href="/wiki/Duterte" class="mw-redirect" title="Duterte">Duterte</a> regarding Rappler's ownership during his 2017 <a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation Address</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> to the outpour of legal cases against Rappler from all areas of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch of the Philippines">executive branch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> If all of the cases filed against Ressa related to her management of Rappler up to June 18, 2020, were to result in guilty verdicts after final appeal, and the <a href="/wiki/Sentence_(law)" title="Sentence (law)">sentences</a> were all to run <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/consecutive#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:consecutive">consecutively</a>, she would face around 100 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revocation_of_certificate_of_incorporation">Revocation of certificate of incorporation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Revocation of certificate of incorporation">edit</a>]</div> On January 11, 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_(Philippines)" title="Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)">Securities and Exchange Commission of the Philippines</a> (SEC) revoked Rappler's certificate of incorporation over Rappler's use of Philippine <a href="/wiki/Depositary_receipt" title="Depositary receipt">Depository Receipts</a> (PDRs). It said that the provisions of the PDR issued to <a href="/wiki/Omidyar_Network" title="Omidyar Network">Omidyar Network</a> by Rappler gave the American investment firm control over the local media firms' other PDR holders as well as its corporate policies, which the SEC says is a violation of the Constitution's provisions on foreign ownership and control.<a href="#cite_note-SECruling-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Rappler claimed that it was 100% Filipino owned and that Omidyar only invests in the media firm.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Despite the certificate revocation, SEC stated that Rappler could still operate since their decision was not final, pointing out that the media firm could also challenge the decision before the Court of Appeals within 15 days.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Malacañang Palace also suggested that Rappler authors can still continue to publish on their website as bloggers.<a href="#cite_note-bebloggersnalang-49">[49]</a> On February 28, Omidyar Network donated its Rappler PDRs to the editors and executives of Rappler.<a href="#cite_note-:8-50">[50]</a> Rappler alleged that the revocation of Rappler's certificate was an attack against the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom of press">freedom of the press</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-51">[51]</a> The <a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Journalists_of_the_Philippines" title="National Union of Journalists of the Philippines">National Union of Journalists of the Philippines</a> (NUJP), Foreign Correspondents Association of the Philippines (FOCAP) and the Philippine Press Institute (PPI) said the SEC ruling is part of a pattern of restricting criticism.<a href="#cite_note-:0-51">[51]</a> The National Press Club of the Philippines, on the other hand, supported the SEC decision.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-53">[53]</a> Other groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Center_for_Investigative_Journalism" title="Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism">Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Media_Freedom_and_Responsibility" title="Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility">Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility</a> also expressed concerns about the revocation and press freedom in the country in general.<a href="#cite_note-:4-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Members of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives, mostly from the opposition,<a href="#cite_note-:6-56">[56]</a> issued statements of concern, describing the SEC revocation of Rappler's license as "a loss for dissenting voices and free speech",<a href="#cite_note-:5-54">[54]</a> "pure harassment" and "straight out of the dictator's playbook",<a href="#cite_note-:6-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-54">[54]</a> and an "affront on press freedom."<a href="#cite_note-:6-56">[56]</a> Law advocacy group CenterLaw said the move was unconstitutional since the SEC denied Rappler due process. It also said the SEC's action was "tantamount to prior restraint" of "a known critic of the government's drug war."<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The Philippine government denied the claim, pointing out that President <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Duterte" title="Rodrigo Duterte">Rodrigo Duterte</a> could have used the armed forces to implement Rappler's closure, as done by various foreign governments, but did not.<a href="#cite_note-nocensorship-58">[58]</a> The chief presidential legal counsel defended the SEC, saying the SEC's job was simply to punish violators of the law.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> On March 8, 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Internal_Revenue_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Internal Revenue (Philippines)">Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)</a> filed criminal and tax evasion charges against Rappler Holdings Corp. before the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Philippines)" title="Department of Justice (Philippines)">Department of Justice (DoJ)</a> for allegedly evading ₱133 million in taxes.<a href="#cite_note-:12-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-41">[41]</a> Rappler's petition for review regarding the SEC's decision was subsequently rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeals_of_the_Philippines" title="Court of Appeals of the Philippines">Court of Appeals</a> on July 26, 2018, finding no grave abuse of discretion on the part of the SEC.<a href="#cite_note-CAaffirms-19">[19]</a> On June 29, 2022, Ressa released a statement during an international conference affirming that the SEC had upheld its earlier ruling to revoke Rappler's operating license. Ressa also stated that Rappler will file an appeal due to "proceedings that were highly irregular" in the SEC's decision.<a href="#cite_note-:9-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cyberlibel">Cyberlibel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cyberlibel">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Philippines_v._Santos,_Ressa_and_Rappler" title="People of the Philippines v. Santos, Ressa and Rappler">People of the Philippines v. Santos, Ressa and Rappler</a></div>The <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">National Bureau of Investigation</a> of the Philippines subpoenaed Ressa and a former Rappler reporter on January 18, 2018, in connection with an online libel complaint filed by private entrepreneur Wilfredo Keng. The complaint was for a 2012 article that reported that then Philippine Supreme Court Chief Justice <a href="/wiki/Renato_Corona" title="Renato Corona">Renato Corona</a> had been using a luxury vehicle owned by Keng.<a href="#cite_note-:1-61">[61]</a> The report also claimed that Keng was involved in human trafficking.<a href="#cite_note-:1-61">[61]</a> On March 8, 2018, the <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">National Bureau of Investigation</a> lodged before the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Philippines)" title="Department of Justice (Philippines)">Department of Justice (DoJ)</a> a <a href="/wiki/Cybercrime_Prevention_Act_of_2012" title="Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012">cyber libel</a> complaint against Rappler and its officers (<a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a>, former Rappler reporter Reynaldo Santos, Jr. who wrote the story, and directors and officers Manuel Ayala, Nico Jose Nolledo, Glenda Gloria, James Bitanga, Felicia Atienza, Dan Albert de Padua and Jose Maria G. Hofilena) in connection with a news article published in 2012 wherein citing in the complaint stated that “Unlike published materials on print, defamatory statements online, such as those contained in the libelous article written and published by subjects, [are]indubitably considered as a continuing crime until and unless the libelous article is actually removed or taken down. Otherwise, the same is a continuing violation of Section 4 (c) (4) of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012”.<a href="#cite_note-:12-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Ressa was arrested on February 13, 2019, and spent a night in jail before being able to bail herself out.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> The arrest was criticized by opposition and journalist groups, seeing the arrest as being <a href="/wiki/Political_trial" title="Political trial">politically motivated</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The trial began on July 23, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Ressa and Reynaldo Santos, Jr. <a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Philippines_v._Santos,_Ressa_and_Rappler" title="People of the Philippines v. Santos, Ressa and Rappler">were convicted</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cyberlibel" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyberlibel">cyberlibel</a> by Manila <a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Court</a> (RTC) Branch 46 on June 15, 2020, and sentenced to a maximum of six years in jail, along with being ordered to pay fines of ₱400,000 each.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Human rights and media freedom advocates have characterized the court decision as a blow to <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">freedom of the press</a> and democracy.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> After the verdict, Keng sued Ressa again for a different count of cyberlibel,<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> this time over a <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">tweet</a> she wrote on February 15, 2019, which contained a screenshot of the 2002 Philippine Star article discussed in<a href="#Santos_Jr.'s_article">§ Santos Jr.'s article</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:18-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Keng stated that by republishing the article "[Ressa] <a href="/wiki/Felony" title="Felony">feloniously</a> communicated the malicious imputations against me not only to her 350,000 Twitter followers, but to anyone who has access to the internet."<a href="#cite_note-:18-74">[74]</a> Keng later withdrew the cyberlibel complaint after reportedly losing interest in the case.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> On July 8, 2022, the Manila Regional Trial Court Branch 46 upheld the cyberlibel conviction of Ressa and Santos, sentencing them to serve a minimum of 6 months and 1 day to a maximum of 6 years, eight months and 20 days in jail.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tax_cases">Tax cases</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Tax cases">edit</a>]</div> On December 3, 2018, an <a href="/wiki/Arrest_warrant" title="Arrest warrant">arrest warrant</a> for Rappler's founder Maria Ressa was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a> police station, for alleged omissions in the VAT (<a href="/wiki/Value_added_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value added tax">value added tax</a>) filings of Rappler, in connection with People of the Philippines v. Rappler Holdings Corp. and Maria Ressa (R-PSG-18-02983-CR).<a href="#cite_note-arrest-79">[79]</a> However, her <a href="/wiki/Arraignment" title="Arraignment">arraignment</a> in this case was suspended as she filed a <a href="/wiki/Motion_to_quash" title="Motion to quash">motion to quash</a> the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_legal_terms#information" title="List of Philippine legal terms">information</a>,<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> and she was not arrested in connection with this warrant, as she posted bail in the amount of ₱60,000 the same day.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> As of January 2020, the case remains suspended, as the Pasig <abbr title="Regional Trial Court">RTC</abbr> has still not ruled on the motion.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> On March 29, 2019, Ressa was arrested again upon her arrival at <a href="/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport" title="Ninoy Aquino International Airport">Ninoy Aquino International Airport</a> from an overseas trip. The arrest warrant was issued by the Pasig <abbr title="Regional Trial Court">RTC</abbr> Branch 265 against Ressa in connection with yet another case she and members of Rappler's 2016 board are facing, this time for alleged violations of the Anti-Dummy Law (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_legal_terms#C.A." title="List of Philippine legal terms">C.A.</a> No. 108).<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-84">[84]</a> Ressa posted bail in the amount of ₱100,000 the same day.<a href="#cite_note-:7-84">[84]</a> In January 2023, a Philippine court acquitted Ressa and Rappler of tax evasion charges stemming from the 2018 case.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ownership_structure">Ownership structure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Ownership structure">edit</a>]</div> As of 2017, Rappler is owned primarily by Rappler Holdings Corporation, which is in turn owned by Dolphin Fire Group (31.2%), <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> (23.8%), Hatchd Group (17.9%), Benjamin So (17.9%), and 9.3 percent of minority shares.<a href="#cite_note-mediaownershipmonitor-86">[86]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:center; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Ownership of Rappler Holdings </caption> <tbody><tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/charts/">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Chart" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Chart">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> Rappler originally drew in funds through the issuance of Philippine Depository Receipts (PDR), which allowed foreign firms <a href="/wiki/Omidyar_Network" title="Omidyar Network">Omidyar Network</a> and North Base Media to invest in Rappler.<a href="#cite_note-mediaownershipmonitor-86">[86]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Philippine Depository Receipts (PDR) issued by Rappler<a href="#cite_note-pdr-87">[87]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Quantity </th> <th scope="col">Issue date </th> <th scope="col">Issue </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">264,601 </th> <td>May 29, 2015 </td> <td rowspan="2">NBM Rappler* </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">11,764,117 </th> <td>July 29, 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">7,217,257 </th> <td>October 2, 2015 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Omidyar_Network" title="Omidyar Network">Omidyar Network</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> On February 28, 2018, Omidyar Network donated its Rappler PDRs to the editors and executives of Rappler.<a href="#cite_note-:8-50">[50]</a> The 2020 revenue of Rappler is broken down as follows:<a href="#cite_note-faqRapplerIQFactCheck-88">[88]</a> <ul><li>Consultancies (43%)</li> <li>Direct advertising (22%)</li> <li>Grants (15%), detailed below</li> <li>Programmatic advertising (9%)</li> <li>Others (3%)</li></ul> Rappler receives grants for fact-checking, related research and initiatives to address online <a href="/wiki/Disinformation" title="Disinformation">disinformation</a> from organizations including:<a href="#cite_note-faqRapplerIQFactCheck-88">[88]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> as part of the Third Party Fact-Checker Program</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_Democracy" title="National Endowment for Democracy">National Endowment for Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Naumann_Foundation" title="Friedrich Naumann Foundation">Friedrich Naumann Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internews" title="Internews">Internews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meedan" title="Meedan">Meedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> News Initiative</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies_and_criticisms">Controversies and criticisms</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Controversies and criticisms">edit</a>]</div> In 2021, Rappler drew controversy and was criticized by Filipino netizens for the tone of its headline on the death of <a href="/wiki/Eli_Soriano" title="Eli Soriano">Eli Soriano</a>.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved October 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=r3.rappler.com&rft.atitle=Rappler+Plus+Membership+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fr3.rappler.com%2Fplus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://r3.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters">"#Agos"</a>. r3.rappler.com. Retrieved October 9, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=r3.rappler.com&rft.atitle=%23Agos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fr3.rappler.com%2Fmove-ph%2Fissues%2Fdisasters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/125889/rappler-a-new-social-news-network%5d(https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/125889/rappler-a-new-social-news-network">"Rappler:A new social news network"</a>. Phillipine Daily Inquirer. 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Retrieved June 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reporters+Without+Borders&rft.atitle=Philippines+%3A+Holding+the+line+against+Duterte%27s+attacks&rft.date=2020-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frsf.org%2Fen%2Fphilippines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/15/18/rapplers-incorporation-papers-revoked-by-sec">"Rappler's incorporation papers revoked by SEC"</a>. ABS-CBN News. January 15, 2018. Retrieved January 17, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Rappler%27s+incorporation+papers+revoked+by+SEC&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F01%2F15%2F18%2Frapplers-incorporation-papers-revoked-by-sec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.abs-cbn.com/business/04/17/18/subpoenas-sent-to-rapplers-ressa-bitanga-for-tax-raps">"Subpoenas sent to Rappler's Ressa, Bitanga for tax raps"</a>. ABS-CBN News. April 17, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Subpoenas+sent+to+Rappler%27s+Ressa%2C+Bitanga+for+tax+raps&rft.date=2018-04-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fbusiness%2F04%2F17%2F18%2Fsubpoenas-sent-to-rapplers-ressa-bitanga-for-tax-raps&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRita2020" class="citation web cs1">Rita, Joviland (June 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/742861/maria-ressa-contradicts-roque-claim-that-duterte-values-press-freedom/story/">"Maria Ressa contradicts Roque claim that Duterte values press freedom"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GMA_News_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="GMA News Online">GMA News Online</a>. Retrieved June 19, 2020. <q>After the SONA in July 2017, Ressa said the first subpoena was issued against them. 'Within a few months in January 2018, we received a shutdown order, a revocation of our permit or license to operate.' </q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=Maria+Ressa+contradicts+Roque+claim+that+Duterte+values+press+freedom&rft.date=2020-06-16&rft.aulast=Rita&rft.aufirst=Joviland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F742861%2Fmaria-ressa-contradicts-roque-claim-that-duterte-values-press-freedom%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://manilastandard.net/news/top-stories/242763/duterte-snipes-at-rappler.html">"Duterte snipes at Rappler"</a>. Manila Standard. July 25, 2017. Retrieved June 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard&rft.atitle=Duterte+snipes+at+Rappler&rft.date=2017-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmanilastandard.net%2Fnews%2Ftop-stories%2F242763%2Fduterte-snipes-at-rappler.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiokno2020" class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chel_Diokno" title="Chel Diokno">Diokno, Chel</a> (June 14, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNHDq_xVJGI&t=648">Forum on the cyber libel verdict against Maria Ressa, Rappler</a> (<a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> <a href="/wiki/Live_stream" class="mw-redirect" title="Live stream">live stream</a>). Rappler. 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Soon after that, a week later, Rappler received its first <a href="/wiki/Subpoena" title="Subpoena">subpoena</a>, and then that became a barrage of cases.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forum+on+the+cyber+libel+verdict+against+Maria+Ressa%2C+Rappler&rft.pub=Rappler&rft.date=2020-06-14&rft.aulast=Diokno&rft.aufirst=Chel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DoNHDq_xVJGI%26t%3D648&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoran2020" class="citation news cs1">Moran, Padraig (June 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-june-18-1.5616058/facing-possible-jail-time-totalling-100-years-journalist-maria-ressa-says-she-won-t-stop-fighting-for-justice-1.5617289">"Facing possible jail time totalling 100 years, journalist Maria Ressa says she won't stop fighting for justice"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>. 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Retrieved January 17, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Rappler%27s+incorporation+papers+revoked+by+SEC&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F01%2F15%2F18%2Frapplers-incorporation-papers-revoked-by-sec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCabuenas2018" class="citation news cs1">Cabuenas, John Viktor (January 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/companies/639763/rappler-can-still-continue-operating-says-regulator/story/">"Rappler can still continue operating, says SEC"</a>. GMA News. Retrieved January 17, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Rappler+can+still+continue+operating%2C+says+SEC&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft.aulast=Cabuenas&rft.aufirst=John+Viktor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fmoney%2Fcompanies%2F639763%2Frappler-can-still-continue-operating-says-regulator%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bebloggersnalang-49"><a href="#cite_ref-bebloggersnalang_49-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180118113749/http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/01/17/18/rappler-reporters-may-continue-to-cover-beats-as-bloggers-palace">"Rappler reporters may continue to cover beats as 'bloggers' – Palace …"</a>. January 18, 2018. 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Twitter. <a href="/wiki/ABS-CBN_News" class="mw-redirect" title="ABS-CBN News">ABS-CBN News</a>. 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Retrieved January 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Maria+Ressa%3A+Philippine+journalist+cleared+of+tax+evasion&rft.date=2023-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-64313648&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mediaownershipmonitor-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mediaownershipmonitor_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mediaownershipmonitor_86-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philippines.mom-rsf.org/en/owners/companies/detail/company/company/show/rappler-holdings-corporation/">"Media Ownership Monitor Philippines – Rappler Holdings Corp"</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Media+Ownership+Monitor+Philippines+%E2%80%93+Rappler+Holdings+Corp.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphilippines.mom-rsf.org%2Fen%2Fowners%2Fcompanies%2Fdetail%2Fcompany%2Fcompany%2Fshow%2Frappler-holdings-corporation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pdr-87"><a href="#cite_ref-pdr_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/2018Decision_RapplerIncandRapplerHoldingsCorp.pdf">"In re: Rappler Inc. and Rappler Holdings Corporation. SP Case No. 08-17-001"</a> (PDF). Securities and Exchange Commission. pp. 2–3. Retrieved January 17, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+re%3A+Rappler+Inc.+and+Rappler+Holdings+Corporation.+SP+Case+No.+08-17-001&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E2-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.pub=Securities+and+Exchange+Commission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov.ph%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F01%2F2018Decision_RapplerIncandRapplerHoldingsCorp.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-faqRapplerIQFactCheck-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-faqRapplerIQFactCheck_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-faqRapplerIQFactCheck_88-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/214420-frequently-asked-questions-fact-check-project/">"FAQ: All you need to know about Rappler IQ, Rappler's Fact Check Project"</a>. Rappler. October 18, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQ%3A+All+you+need+to+know+about+Rappler+IQ%2C+Rappler%27s+Fact+Check+Project&rft.pub=Rappler&rft.date=2018-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F214420-frequently-asked-questions-fact-check-project%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politics.com.ph/di-na-ginalang-patay-rappler-gets-hate-for-controversial-article-on-preacher-eli-soriano/">"'Di na ginalang patay! Rappler gets hate for 'controversial' article on preacher Eli Soriano |"</a>. February 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Di+na+ginalang+patay%21+Rappler+gets+hate+for+%27controversial%27+article+on+preacher+Eli+Soriano+%26%23124%3B&rft.date=2021-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.com.ph%2Fdi-na-ginalang-patay-rappler-gets-hate-for-controversial-article-on-preacher-eli-soriano%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newspapers.ph/2021/02/rappler-criticized-online-over-title-and-caption-in-a-report-on-death-of-eli-soriano/">"Rappler Criticized Online Over Title and Caption in a Report on Death of Eli Soriano"</a>. Philippine Newspaper. February 12, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Newspaper&rft.atitle=Rappler+Criticized+Online+Over+Title+and+Caption+in+a+Report+on+Death+of+Eli+Soriano&rft.date=2021-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewspapers.ph%2F2021%2F02%2Frappler-criticized-online-over-title-and-caption-in-a-report-on-death-of-eli-soriano%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abante.com.ph/walang-respeto-sa-namatay-rappler-kinuyog-sa-pambabastos-kay-bro-eli/">"Walang respeto sa namatay! Rappler kinuyog sa pambabastos kay Bro Eli"</a> [No respect for the deceased! Rappler joined in the insult to Bro Eli]. <a href="/wiki/Abante" title="Abante">Abante</a> (in Tagalog). February 12, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abante&rft.atitle=Walang+respeto+sa+namatay%21+Rappler+kinuyog+sa+pambabastos+kay+Bro+Eli&rft.date=2021-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abante.com.ph%2Fwalang-respeto-sa-namatay-rappler-kinuyog-sa-pambabastos-kay-bro-eli%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARappler" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rappler&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14903716#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://philippines.mom-rsf.org/en/media/online/">Media Ownership Monitor Philippines Online</a> by Vera Files and <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Newspapers/magazines_in_the_Metro_Manila_market208" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metro_Manila_newspapers" title="Template:Metro Manila newspapers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metro_Manila_newspapers" title="Template talk:Metro Manila newspapers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metro_Manila_newspapers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metro Manila newspapers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Newspapers/magazines_in_the_Metro_Manila_market208" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_published_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of newspapers published in Metro Manila">Newspapers/magazines</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> market</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>The market's newspapers and magazines are also sold in the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">nationwide</a> market.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadsheets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BusinessMirror" title="BusinessMirror">BusinessMirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BusinessWorld" title="BusinessWorld">BusinessWorld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Tribune_(Philippines)" title="Daily Tribune (Philippines)">Daily Tribune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Daily_Mirror" title="Global Daily Mirror">Global Daily Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaya_(newspaper)" title="Malaya (newspaper)">Malaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Standard" title="Manila Standard">Manila Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Manila_Times" title="The Manila Times">The Manila Times</a></li> <li>The Market Monitor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_News" title="United News">United News</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tabloids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abante" title="Abante">Abante</a></li> <li>Abante Tonite</li> <li>Agila ng Bayan</li> <li>Bagong Sagad Ngayon</li> <li>Bagong Toro</li> <li>Balita</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Communications_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Communications Group">Balita Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquirer_Bandera" title="Inquirer Bandera">Bandera</a></li> <li>Bistado</li> <li>Bulgar</li> <li>Diaryo Bomba</li> <li>Hataw</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquirer_Libre" title="Inquirer Libre">Inquirer Libre</a></li> <li>Kadyot</li> <li>People's Balita</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Journal" title="People's Journal">People's Journal</a></li> <li>People's Tonight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilipino_Mirror" title="Pilipino Mirror">Pilipino Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilipino_Star_Ngayon" title="Pilipino Star Ngayon">Pilipino Star Ngayon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinas_(Philippine_newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinas (Philippine newspaper)">Pinas</a></li> <li>Pinoy Parazzi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_Weekly" title="Pinoy Weekly">Pinoy Weekly</a></li> <li>PM</li> <li>Police Files Tonite</li> <li>Remate</li> <li>Saksi Ngayon</li> <li>Tempo</li> <li>The Daily Sun</li> <li>X-Files</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ating Alamin Gazette</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannawag" title="Bannawag">Bannawag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisaya_Magasin" title="Bisaya Magasin">Bisaya Magasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiligaynon_(magazine)" title="Hiligaynon (magazine)">Hiligaynon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwayway" title="Liwayway">Liwayway</a></li> <li>Philippine Panorama</li> <li>Philippines Graphic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jeepney_Magazine" title="The Jeepney Magazine">The Jeepney Magazine</a></li> <li>Women's Journal</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign language broadsheets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Commercial_News" title="Chinese Commercial News">Chinese Commercial News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Shimbun" title="Manila Shimbun">Manila Shimbun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Daily_News_(Philippines)" title="United Daily News (Philippines)">United Daily News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_News_(newspaper)" title="World News (newspaper)">World News</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Online-only_newspapers_and_news_portals_in_the_Metro_Manila_market98">Online-only newspapers and news portals in the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> market</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newspapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Manila Seoul</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunStar_Manila" title="SunStar Manila">SunStar Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">News portals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilyonaryo" title="Bilyonaryo">Bilyonaryo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewsWatch_Plus" title="NewsWatch Plus">NewsWatch Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politiko_(website)" title="Politiko (website)">Politiko</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rappler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Defunct_newspapers/magazines_in_the_Metro_Manila_market99">Defunct newspapers/magazines in the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> market</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadsheets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ang Kaibigan ng Bayan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulaklak_Magazine" title="Bulaklak Magazine">Bulaklak Magazine</a></li> <li>Business Star</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diario_de_Manila" title="Diario de Manila">Diario de Manila</a></li> <li>Diario Filipino</li> <li>Diario Uno</li> <li>El Debate</li> <li>Evening Star</li> <li>Kabayan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ilustraci%C3%B3n_Filipina" title="La Ilustración Filipina">La Ilustración Filipina</a></li> <li>La Vanguardia</li> <li>La Voz de Manila</li> <li>Mabuhay</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Chronicle" title="Manila Chronicle">Manila Chronicle</a></li> <li>Manila Meteor</li> <li>Midday</li> <li>Philippine Daily Globe</li> <li>Philippine Herald</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_Daily_Express" title="Philippines Daily Express">Philippines Daily Express</a></li> <li>Pilipino Star</li> <li>Taliba</li> <li>The Daily Globe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fookien_Times" title="The Fookien Times">The Fookien Times</a></li> <li>The Philippine Chronicle</li> <li>The Philippine Journal</li> <li>The Philippine Post</li> <li>The Tribune</li> <li>Times Journal</li> <li>Today</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tabloids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bagong Tiktik</li> <li>Balita sa Hapon</li> <li>Banat</li> <li>Bosero</li> <li>Headline</li> <li>Imbestigador</li> <li>Metro Times</li> <li>Opinyon</li> <li>People's Monitor</li> <li>Pinoy Times</li> <li>Remate Tonight</li> <li>RP Daily Exposé</li> <li>Sikat</li> <li>Taliba</li> <li>Tanod</li> <li>Toro</li> <li>Tumbok</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WE_Forum" title="WE Forum">WE Forum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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