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<meta name="description" content="Search results for: MEMS"> <meta name="keywords" content="MEMS"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" 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class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="MEMS"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 58</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: MEMS</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Mathematical Modeling of Switching Processes in Magnetically Controlled MEMS Switches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sergey%20M.%20Karabanov">Sergey M. Karabanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Suvorov"> Dmitry V. Suvorov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dmitry%20Yu.%20Tarabrin"> Dmitry Yu. Tarabrin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The operating principle of magnetically controlled microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switches is based on controlling the beam movement under the influence of a magnetic field. Currently, there is a MEMS switch design with a flexible ferromagnetic electrode in the form of a fixed-terminal beam, with an electrode fastened on a straight or cranked anchor. The basic performance characteristics of magnetically controlled MEMS switches (service life, sensitivity, contact resistance, fast response) are largely determined by the flexible electrode design. To ensure the stable and controlled motion of the flexible electrode, it is necessary to provide the optimal design of a flexible electrode.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20switch" title="MEMS switch">MEMS switch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnetic%20sensitivity" title=" magnetic sensitivity"> magnetic sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnetic%20concentrator." title=" magnetic concentrator."> magnetic concentrator.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/mathematical-modeling-of-switching-processes-in-magnetically-controlled-mems-switches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">732</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Valuation on MEMS Pressure Sensors and Device Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ong%20Kai%20Sheng"> Ong Kai Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEMS pressure sensor has been introduced and presented in this paper. The types of pressure sensor and its theory of operation are also included. The latest MEMS technology, the fabrication processes of pressure sensor are explored and discussed. Besides, various device applications of pressure sensor such as tire pressure-monitoring system, diesel particulate filter and others are explained. Due to further miniaturization of the device nowadays, the pressure sensor with nanotechnology (NEMS) is also reviewed. The NEMS pressure sensor is expected to have better performance as well as lower in its cost. It has gained an excellent popularity in many applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pressure%20sensor" title="Pressure sensor">Pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diaphragm" title=" diaphragm"> diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=automotive%0D%0Aapplication" title=" automotive application"> automotive application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biomedical%20application" title=" biomedical application"> biomedical application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NEMS." title=" NEMS."> NEMS.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/valuation-on-mems-pressure-sensors-and-device-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5686</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Three Dimensional MEMS Supercapacitor Fabricated by DRIE on Silicon Substrate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wei%20Sun">Wei Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ruilin%20Zheng"> Ruilin Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xuyuan%20Chen"> Xuyuan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Micro power sources are required to be used in autonomous microelectromechanical system (MEMS). In this paper,  we designed and fabricated a three dimensional (3D) MEMS supercapacitor, which is consisting of conformal silicon  dioxide/titanium/polypyrrole (PPy) layers on silicon substrate. At first, ''through-structure'' was fabricated on the silicon substrate by high-aspect-ratio deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) method, which enlarges the available surface area significantly. Then the SiO2/Ti/PPy layers grew sequentially on the ³through-structure´. Finally, the supercapacitor was investigated by electrochemical methods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supercapacitor" title=" Supercapacitor"> Supercapacitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DRIE" title=" DRIE"> DRIE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3D." title=" 3D."> 3D.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/three-dimensional-mems-supercapacitor-fabricated-by-drie-on-silicon-substrate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Mechanical Modeling Issues in Optimization of Dynamic Behavior of RF MEMS Switches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suhas%20K">Suhas K</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sripadaraja%20K"> Sripadaraja K</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper details few mechanical modeling and design issues of RF MEMS switches. We concentrate on an electrostatically actuated broad side series switch; surface micromachined with a crab leg membrane. The same results are extended to any complex structure. With available experimental data and fabrication results, we present the variation in dynamic performance and compliance of the switch with reference to few design issues, which we find are critical in deciding the dynamic behavior of the switch, without compromise on the RF characteristics. The optimization of pull in voltage, transient time and resonant frequency with regard to these critical design parameters are also presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microelectromechanical%20Systems%20%28MEMS%29" title="Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)">Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RadioFrequency%20MEMS" title=" RadioFrequency MEMS"> RadioFrequency MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modeling" title=" Modeling"> Modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Actuators" title=" Actuators"> Actuators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/mechanical-modeling-issues-in-optimization-of-dynamic-behavior-of-rf-mems-switches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1759</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Study of Fast Etching of Silicon for the Fabrication of Bulk Micromachined MEMS Structures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Swarnalatha">V. Swarnalatha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20V.%20Narasimha%20Rao"> A. V. Narasimha Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Pal"> P. Pal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research reports the investigation of fast etching of silicon for the fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures using silicon wet bulk micromachining. Low concentration tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) and hydroxylamine (NH<sub>2</sub>OH) are used as main etchant and additive, respectively. The concentration of NH<sub>2</sub>OH is varied to optimize the composition to achieve best etching characteristics such as high etch rate, significantly high undercutting at convex corner for the fast release of the microstructures from the substrate, and improved etched surface morphology. These etching characteristics are studied on Si{100} and Si{110} wafers as they are most widely used in the fabrication of MEMS structures as wells diode, transistors and integrated circuits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=KOH" title="KOH">KOH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=micromachining" title=" micromachining"> micromachining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=silicon" title=" silicon"> silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TMAH" title=" TMAH"> TMAH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wet%20anisotropic%20etching." title=" wet anisotropic etching."> wet anisotropic etching.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/study-of-fast-etching-of-silicon-for-the-fabrication-of-bulk-micromachined-mems-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Fabless Prototyping Methodology for the Development of SOI based MEMS Microgripper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20M.%20Usman%20Sani">H. M. Usman Sani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shafaat%20A.%20Bazaz"> Shafaat A. Bazaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nisar%20Ahmed"> Nisar Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, Fabless Prototyping Methodology is introduced for the design and analysis of MEMS devices. Conventionally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed before system level simulation. In our proposed methodology, system level simulation is performed earlier than FEA as it is computationally less extensive and low cost. System level simulations are based on equivalent behavioral models of MEMS device. Electrostatic actuation based MEMS Microgripper is chosen as case study to implement this methodology. This paper addresses the behavioral model development and simulation of actuator part of an electrostatically actuated Microgripper. Simulation results show that the actuator part of Microgripper works efficiently for a voltage range of 0-45V with the corresponding jaw displacement of 0-4.5425μm. With some minor changes in design, this range can be enhanced to 15μm at 85V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20Actuator" title="MEMS Actuator">MEMS Actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Behavioral%20Model" title=" Behavioral Model"> Behavioral Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CoventorWare" title="CoventorWare">CoventorWare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microgripper" title=" Microgripper"> Microgripper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SOIMUMPs" title=" SOIMUMPs"> SOIMUMPs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=System%20Level%20Simulation" title=" System Level Simulation"> System Level Simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/fabless-prototyping-methodology-for-the-development-of-soi-based-mems-microgripper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Studying the Dynamical Response of Nano-Microelectromechanical Devices for Nanomechanical Testing of Nanostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Zamani%20Kouhpanji">Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Characterizing the fatigue and fracture properties of nanostructures is one of the most challenging tasks in nanoscience and nanotechnology due to lack of a MEMS/NEMS device for generating uniform cyclic loadings at high frequencies. Here, the dynamic response of a recently proposed MEMS/NEMS device under different inputs signals is completely investigated. This MEMS/NEMS device is designed and modeled based on the electromagnetic force induced between paired parallel wires carrying electrical currents, known as Ampere’s Force Law (AFL). Since this MEMS/NEMS device only uses two paired wires for actuation part and sensing part, it represents highly sensitive and linear response for nanostructures with any stiffness and shapes (single or arrays of nanowires, nanotubes, nanosheets or nanowalls). In addition to studying the maximum gains at different resonance frequencies of the MEMS/NEMS device, its dynamical responses are investigated for different inputs and nanostructure properties to demonstrate the capability, usability, and reliability of the device for wide range of nanostructures. This MEMS/NEMS device can be readily integrated into SEM/TEM instruments to provide real time study of the fatigue and fracture properties of nanostructures as well as their softening or hardening behaviors, and initiation and/or propagation of nanocracks in them.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ampere%E2%80%99s%20force%20law" title="Ampere’s force law">Ampere’s force law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamical%20response" title=" dynamical response"> dynamical response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatigue%20and%20fracture%20characterization" title=" fatigue and fracture characterization"> fatigue and fracture characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=paired%20wire%20actuators%20and%20sensors" title=" paired wire actuators and sensors"> paired wire actuators and sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%2FNEMS%20devices." title=" MEMS/NEMS devices."> MEMS/NEMS devices.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/studying-the-dynamical-response-of-nano-microelectromechanical-devices-for-nanomechanical-testing-of-nanostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">985</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Designing and Analyzing Sensor and Actuator of a Nano/Micro-System for Fatigue and Fracture Characterization of Nanomaterials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Zamani%20Kouhpanji">Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents a MEMS/NEMS device for fatigue and fracture characterization of nanomaterials. This device can apply static loads, cyclic loads, and their combinations in nanomechanical experiments. It is based on the electromagnetic force induced between paired parallel wires carrying electrical currents. Using this concept, the actuator and sensor parts of the device were designed and analyzed while considering the practical limitations. Since the PWCC device only uses two wires for actuation part and sensing part, its fabrication process is extremely easier than the available MEMS/NEMS devices. The total gain and phase shift of the MEMS/NEMS device were calculated and investigated. Furthermore, the maximum gain and sensitivity of the MEMS/NEMS device were studied to demonstrate the capability and usability of the device for wide range of nanomaterials samples. This device can be readily integrated into SEM/TEM instruments to provide real time study of the mechanical behaviors of nanomaterials as well as their fatigue and fracture properties, softening or hardening behaviors, and initiation and propagation of nanocracks.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sensors%20and%20actuators" title="Sensors and actuators">Sensors and actuators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%2FNEMS%20devices" title=" MEMS/NEMS devices"> MEMS/NEMS devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fatigue%20and%20fracture%20nanomechanical%20testing%20device" title=" fatigue and fracture nanomechanical testing device"> fatigue and fracture nanomechanical testing device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=static%20and%20cyclic%20nanomechanical%20testing%20device." title=" static and cyclic nanomechanical testing device."> static and cyclic nanomechanical testing device.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/designing-and-analyzing-sensor-and-actuator-of-a-nanomicro-system-for-fatigue-and-fracture-characterization-of-nanomaterials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Research of Ring MEMS Rate Integrating Gyroscopes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hui%20Liu">Hui Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haiyang%20Quan"> Haiyang Quan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper To get the angle value with a MEMS rate gyroscope in some specific field, the usual method is to make an integral operation to the rate output, which will lead the error cumulating effect. So the rate gyro is not suitable. MEMS rate integrating gyroscope (MRIG) will solve this problem. A DSP system has been developed to implement the control arithmetic. The system can measure the angle of rotation directly by the control loops that make the sensor work in whole-angle mode. Modeling the system with MATLAB, desirable results of angle outputs are got, which prove the feasibility of the control arithmetic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rate%20gyroscope" title="Rate gyroscope">Rate gyroscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rate%20integrating%20gyroscope" title=" Rate integrating gyroscope"> Rate integrating gyroscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Whole%0Aangle%20mode" title=" Whole angle mode"> Whole angle mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB%20modeling" title=" MATLAB modeling"> MATLAB modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DSP%20control." title=" DSP control."> DSP control.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/research-of-ring-mems-rate-integrating-gyroscopes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Electrical Equivalent Analysis of Micro Cantilever Beams for Sensing Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20G.%20Sheeparamatti">B. G. Sheeparamatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20S.%20Kadadevarmath"> J. S. Kadadevarmath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microcantilevers are the basic MEMS devices, which can be used as sensors, actuators and electronics can be easily built into them. The detection principle of microcantilever sensors is based on the measurement of change in cantilever deflection or change in its resonance frequency. The objective of this work is to explore the analogies between mechanical and electrical equivalent of microcantilever beams. Normally scientists and engineers working in MEMS use expensive software like CoventorWare, IntelliSuite, ANSYS/Multiphysics etc. This paper indicates the need of developing electrical equivalent of the MEMS structure and with that, one can have a better insight on important parameters, and their interrelation of the MEMS structure. In this work, considering the mechanical model of microcantilever, equivalent electrical circuit is drawn and using force-voltage analogy, it is analyzed with circuit simulation software. By doing so, one can gain access to powerful set of intellectual tools that have been developed for understanding electrical circuits Later the analysis is performed using ANSYS/Multiphysics - software based on finite element method (FEM). It is observed that both mechanical and electrical domain results for a rectangular microcantlevers are in agreement with each other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electrical%20equivalent%20circuit%20analogy" title="Electrical equivalent circuit analogy">Electrical equivalent circuit analogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FEM%20analysis" title=" FEM analysis"> FEM analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=micro%20cantilevers" title=" micro cantilevers"> micro cantilevers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=micro%20sensors." title=" micro sensors."> micro sensors.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/electrical-equivalent-analysis-of-micro-cantilever-beams-for-sensing-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> A Micro-Watt Second Order Filter for a Chopper Stabilized MEMS Pressure Sensor Interface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arup%20K.%20George">Arup K. George</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wai%20Pan%20Chan"> Wai Pan Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhi%20Hui%20Kong"> Zhi Hui Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Minkyu%20Je"> Minkyu Je</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a low-power second-order filter for a continuous-time chopper stabilized capacitive sensor interface, integrated with a fully differential post-CMOS surface-micromachined MEMS pressure sensor. The circuit uses a single-ended folded-cascode operational amplifier and two GM-C filters connected in cascade. The circuit is realized in a 0.18 μm CMOS process and offers differential to single-ended conversion. The novelty of the scheme is the cascade of two GM-C filters to achieve a second-order filter while minimizing power dissipation. The simulated filter cutoff frequency is 1.14 kHz at common-mode voltage 1.65 V, operating from a 3.3 V supply while dissipating 172μW of power. The filter achieves an operating range of 1V for an output load of 1MOhm and 10pF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chopper%20Stabilization" title="Chopper Stabilization">Chopper Stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pressure%20Sensors" title=" Pressure Sensors"> Pressure Sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Low%20Pass%20Filter" title=" Low Pass Filter"> Low Pass Filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/a-micro-watt-second-order-filter-for-a-chopper-stabilized-mems-pressure-sensor-interface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> From Micro to Nanosystems: An Exploratory Study of Influences on Innovation Teams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Norbert%20Burger">Norbert Burger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thorsten%20Staake"> Thorsten Staake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>What influences microsystems (MEMS) and nanosystems (NEMS) innovation teams apart from technology complexity? Based on in-depth interviews with innovators, this research explores the key influences on innovation teams in the early phases of MEMS/NEMS. Projects are rare and may last from 5 to 10 years or more from idea to concept. As fundamental technology development in MEMS/NEMS is highly complex and interdisciplinary by involving expertise from different basic and engineering disciplines, R&D is rather a 'testing of ideas' with many uncertainties than a clearly structured process. The purpose of this study is to explore the innovation teams- environment and give specific insights for future management practices. The findings are grouped into three major areas: people, know-how and experience, and market. The results highlight the importance and differences of innovation teams- composition, transdisciplinary knowledge, project evaluation and management compared to the counterparts from new product development teams.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innovation%20teams" title="Innovation teams">Innovation teams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=early%20phases" title=" early phases"> early phases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microsystems" title=" Microsystems"> Microsystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanosystems" title=" Nanosystems"> Nanosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=technology%20developments." title=" technology developments."> technology developments.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/from-micro-to-nanosystems-an-exploratory-study-of-influences-on-innovation-teams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1640</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Earphone Style Wearable Device for Automatic Guidance Service with Position Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dawei%20Cai">Dawei Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a design of earphone style wearable device that may provide an automatic guidance service for visitors. With both position information and orientation information obtained from NFC and terrestrial magnetism sensor, a high level automatic guide service may be realized. To realize the service, a algorithm for position detection using the packet from NFC tags, and developed an algorithm to calculate the device orientation based on the data from acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensors called as MEMS. If visitors want to know some explanation about an exhibit in front of him, what he has to do is only move to the object and stands for a moment. The identification program will automatically recognize the status based on the information from NFC and MEMS, and start playing explanation content about the exhibit. This service should be useful for improving the understanding of the exhibition items and bring more satisfactory visiting experience without less burden. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wearable%20device" title="Wearable device">Wearable device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20sensor" title=" MEMS sensor"> MEMS sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ubiquitous%0D%0Acomputing" title=" ubiquitous computing"> ubiquitous computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=guide%20system." title=" guide system."> guide system.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/earphone-style-wearable-device-for-automatic-guidance-service-with-position-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">975</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Realization of Autonomous Guidance Service by Integrating Information from NFC and MEMS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dawei%20Cai">Dawei Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we present an autonomous guidance service by combinating the position information from NFC and the orientation information from 6 a 6 axis acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor. We developed an algorithm to calculate the device orientation  based on the data from acceleration and terrestrial magnetism sensor.With this function, a autonomous guidance service can be provided, according the visitors's position and orientation. This service may be convient for old people or disables or children.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NFC" title="NFC">NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ubiquitous%20Computing" title=" Ubiquitous Computing"> Ubiquitous Computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guide%20Sysem" title=" Guide Sysem"> Guide Sysem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS." title=" MEMS."> MEMS.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/realization-of-autonomous-guidance-service-by-integrating-information-from-nfc-and-mems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1656</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Functionally Graded MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Magnetic Tip Mass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Derayatifar">M. Derayatifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Packirisamy"> M. Packirisamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.B.%20Bhat"> R.B. Bhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Role of piezoelectric energy harvesters has gained interest in supplying power for micro devices such as health monitoring sensors. In this study, in order to enhance the piezoelectric energy harvesting in capturing energy from broader range of excitation and to improve the mechanical and electrical responses, bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester beam with magnetic mass attached at the end is presented. In view of overcoming the brittleness of piezo-ceramics, functionally graded piezoelectric layers comprising of both piezo-ceramic and piezo-polymer is employed. The nonlinear equations of motions are derived using energy method and then solved analytically using perturbation scheme. The frequency responses of the forced vibration case are obtained for the near resonance case. The nonlinear dynamic responses of the MEMS scaled functionally graded piezoelectric energy harvester in this paper may be utilized in different design scenarios to increase the efficiency of the harvester.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Energy%20harvesting" title="Energy harvesting">Energy harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=functionally%20graded%20piezoelectric%20material" title=" functionally graded piezoelectric material"> functionally graded piezoelectric material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnetic%20force" title=" magnetic force"> magnetic force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20piezoelectric" title=" MEMS piezoelectric"> MEMS piezoelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=perturbation%20method." title=" perturbation method."> perturbation method.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/functionally-graded-mems-piezoelectric-energy-harvester-with-magnetic-tip-mass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">910</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Design and Analysis of MEMS based Accelerometer for Automatic Detection of Railway Wheel Flat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rajib%20Ul%20Alam%20Uzzal">Rajib Ul Alam Uzzal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ion%20Stiharu"> Ion Stiharu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Waiz%20Ahmed"> Waiz Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents the modeling of a MEMS based accelerometer in order to detect the presence of a wheel flat in the railway vehicle. A haversine wheel flat is assigned to one wheel of a 5 DOF pitch plane vehicle model, which is coupled to a 3 layer track model. Based on the simulated acceleration response obtained from the vehicle-track model, an accelerometer is designed that meets all the requirements to detect the presence of a wheel flat. The proposed accelerometer can survive in a dynamic shocking environment with acceleration up to ±150g. The parameters of the accelerometer are calculated in order to achieve the required specifications using lumped element approximation and the results are used for initial design layout. A finite element analysis code (COMSOL) is used to perform simulations of the accelerometer under various operating conditions and to determine the optimum configuration. The simulated results are found within about 2% of the calculated values, which indicates the validity of lumped element approach. The stability of the accelerometer is also determined in the desired range of operation including the condition under shock.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20accelerometer" title="MEMS accelerometer">MEMS accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pitch%20plane%20vehicle" title=" Pitch plane vehicle"> Pitch plane vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wheel%0D%0Aflat." title=" wheel flat."> wheel flat.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/design-and-analysis-of-mems-based-accelerometer-for-automatic-detection-of-railway-wheel-flat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3073</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Navigation and Self Alignment of Inertial Systems using Nonlinear H∞ Filters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saman%20M.%20Siddiqui">Saman M. Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fang%20Jiancheng"> Fang Jiancheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro electromechanical sensors (MEMS) play a vital role along with global positioning devices in navigation of autonomous vehicles .These sensors are low cost ,easily available but depict colored noises and unpredictable discontinuities .Conventional filters like Kalman filters and Sigma point filters are not able to cope with nonwhite noises. This research has utilized H∞ filter in nonlinear frame work both with Kalman filter and Unscented filter for navigation and self alignment of an airborne vehicle. The system is simulated for colored noises and discontinuities and results are compared with not robust nonlinear filters. The results are found 40%-70% more robust against colored noises and discontinuities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=filtering" title="filtering">filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=integrated%20navigation" title=" integrated navigation"> integrated navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinearfiltering" title=" nonlinearfiltering"> nonlinearfiltering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=self%20alignment" title=" self alignment"> self alignment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/navigation-and-self-alignment-of-inertial-systems-using-nonlinear-h-filters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1795</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Robust Integrated Navigation of a Low Cost System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Saman%20M.%20Siddiqui">Saman M. Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fang%20Jiancheng"> Fang Jiancheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Robust nonlinear integrated navigation of GPS and low cost MEMS is a hot topic of research these days. A robust filter is required to cope up with the problem of unpredictable discontinuities and colored noises associated with low cost sensors. H∞ filter is previously used in Extended Kalman filter and Unscented Kalman filter frame. Unscented Kalman filter has a problem of Cholesky matrix factorization at each step which is a very unstable operation. To avoid this problem in this research H∞ filter is designed in Square root Unscented filter framework and found 50% more robust towards increased level of colored noises. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H%E2%88%9E%20filter" title="H∞ filter">H∞ filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GPS" title=" GPS"> GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear%20system" title=" Nonlinear system"> Nonlinear system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=robust%0D%0Asystem" title=" robust system"> robust system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Square%20root%20unscented%20filter." title=" Square root unscented filter."> Square root unscented filter.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/robust-integrated-navigation-of-a-low-cost-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1741</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Ruthenium Based Nanoscale Contact Coatings for Magnetically Controlled MEMS Switches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sergey%20M.%20Karabanov">Sergey M. Karabanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Suvorov"> Dmitry V. Suvorov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Magnetically controlled microelectromechanical system (MCMEMS) switches is one of the directions in the field of micropower switching technology. MCMEMS switches are a promising alternative to Hall sensors and reed switches. The most important parameter for MCMEMS is the contact resistance, which should have a minimum value and is to be stable for the entire duration of service life. The value and stability of the contact resistance is mainly determined by the contact coating material. This paper presents the research results of a contact coating based on nanoscale ruthenium films obtained by electrolytic deposition. As a result of the performed investigations, the deposition modes of ruthenium films are chosen, the regularities of the contact resistance change depending on the number of contact switching, and the coating roughness are established. It is shown that changing the coating roughness makes it possible to minimize the contact resistance.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Contact%20resistance" title="Contact resistance">Contact resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrode%20coating" title=" electrode coating"> electrode coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrolythic%20deposition" title=" electrolythic deposition"> electrolythic deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnetically%20controlled%20MEMS." title=" magnetically controlled MEMS. "> magnetically controlled MEMS. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/ruthenium-based-nanoscale-contact-coatings-for-magnetically-controlled-mems-switches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">821</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Low Cost IMU \ GPS Integration Using Kalman Filtering for Land Vehicle Navigation Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Othman%20Maklouf">Othman Maklouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdurazag%20Ghila"> Abdurazag Ghila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdulla"> Ahmed Abdulla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ameer%20Yousef"> Ameer Yousef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Land vehicle navigation system technology is a subject of great interest today. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a common choice for positioning in such systems. However, GPS alone is incapable of providing continuous and reliable positioning, because of its inherent dependency on external electromagnetic signals. Inertial Navigation is the implementation of inertial sensors to determine the position and orientation of a vehicle. As such, inertial navigation has unbounded error growth since the error accumulates at each step. Thus in order to contain these errors some form of external aiding is required. The availability of low cost Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) inertial sensors is now making it feasible to develop Inertial Navigation System (INS) using an inertial measurement unit (IMU), in conjunction with GPS to fulfill the demands of such systems. Typically IMU’s are very expensive systems; however this INS will use “low cost” components. Unfortunately with low cost also comes low performance and is the main reason for the inclusion of GPS and Kalman filtering into the system. The aim of this paper is to develop a GPS/MEMS INS integrated system, which is able to provide a navigation solution with accuracy levels appropriate for land vehicle navigation. The primary piece of equipment used was a MEMS-based Crista IMU (from Cloud Cap Technology Inc.) and a Garmin GPS 18 PC (which is both a receiver and antenna). The integration of GPS with INS can be implemented using a Kalman filter in loosely coupled mode. In this integration mode the INS error states, together with any navigation state (position, velocity, and attitude) and other unknown parameters of interest, are estimated using GPS measurements. All important equations regarding navigation are presented along with discussion.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IMU" title=" IMU"> IMU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kalman%20Filter." title=" Kalman Filter."> Kalman Filter.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/low-cost-imu-gps-integration-using-kalman-filtering-for-land-vehicle-navigation-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> An Active Mixer with Vertical Flow Placement via a Series of Inlets for Micromixing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pil%20Woo%20Heo">Pil Woo Heo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=In%20Sub%20Park"> In Sub Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Flows in a microchannel are laminar, which means that mixing depends on only inter-diffusion. A micromixer plays an important role in obtaining fast diagnosis results in the fields of m-TAS (total analysis system), Bio-MEMS and LOC (lab-on-a-chip).</p> <p>In this paper, we propose a new active mixer with vertical flow placement via a series of inlets for micromixing. This has two inlets on the same axis, one of which is located before the other. The sample input by the first inlet flows into the down-position, while the other sample by the second inlet flows into the up-position. In the experiment, the samples were located vertically in up-down positions in a micro chamber. PZT was attached below a chamber, and ultrasonic waves were radiated in the down to up direction towards the samples in the micro chamber in order to accelerate the mixing. The mixing process was measured by the change of color in a micro chamber using phenolphthalein and NaOH. The results of the experiment showed that the samples in the microchamber were efficiently mixed and that our new active mixer was superior to the horizontal type of active mixers in view of the grey levels and the standard deviation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Active%20mixer" title="Active mixer">Active mixer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vertical%20flow%20placement" title=" vertical flow placement"> vertical flow placement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microchannel" title=" microchannel"> microchannel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bio-MEMS" title=" bio-MEMS"> bio-MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LOC." title=" LOC."> LOC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/an-active-mixer-with-vertical-flow-placement-via-a-series-of-inlets-for-micromixing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1763</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Design and Fabrication of an Electrostatically Actuated Parallel-Plate Mirror by 3D-Printer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Mizuno">J. Mizuno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Takahashi"> S. Takahashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, design and fabrication of an actuated parallel-plate mirror based on a 3D-printer is described. The mirror and electrode layers are fabricated separately and assembled thereafter. The alignment is performed by dowel pin-hole pairs fabricated on the respective layers. The electrodes are formed on the surface of the electrode layer by Au ion sputtering using a suitable mask, which is also fabricated by a 3D-printer.For grounding the mirror layer, except the contact area with the electrode paths, all the surface is Au ion sputtered. 3D-printers are widely used for creating 3D models or mock-ups. The authors have recently proposed that these models can perform electromechanical functions such as actuators by suitably masking them followed by metallization process. Since the smallest possible fabrication size is in the order of sub-millimeters, these electromechanical devices are named by the authors as SMEMS (Sub-Milli Electro-Mechanical Systems) devices. The proposed mirror described in this paper which consists of parallel-plate electrostatic actuators is also one type of SMEMS devices. In addition, SMEMS is totally environment-clean compared to MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) fabrication processes because any hazardous chemicals or gases are utilized.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=parallel-plate%20mirror" title=" parallel-plate mirror"> parallel-plate mirror</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SMEMS" title=" SMEMS"> SMEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3D-printer." title=" 3D-printer."> 3D-printer.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/design-and-fabrication-of-an-electrostatically-actuated-parallel-plate-mirror-by-3d-printer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1810</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Nonlinear Structural Behavior of Micro- and Nano-Actuators Using the Galerkin Discretization Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hassen%20M.%20Ouakad">Hassen M. Ouakad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, the influence of van der Waals, as well as electrostatic forces on the structural behavior of MEMS and NEMS actuators, has been investigated using of a Euler-Bernoulli beam continuous model. In the proposed nonlinear model, the electrostatic fringing-fields and the mid-plane stretching (geometric nonlinearity) effects have been considered. The nonlinear integro-differential equation governing the static structural behavior of the actuator has been derived. An original Galerkin-based reduced-order model has been developed to avoid problems arising from the nonlinearities in the differential equation. The obtained reduced-order model equations have been solved numerically using the Newton-Raphson method. The basic design parameters such as the pull-in parameters (voltage and deflection at pull-in), as well as the detachment length due to the van der Waals force of some investigated micro- and nano-actuators have been calculated. The obtained numerical results have been compared with some other existing methods (finite-elements method and finite-difference method) and the comparison showed good agreement among all assumed numerical techniques.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NEMS" title=" NEMS"> NEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fringing-fields" title=" fringing-fields"> fringing-fields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mid-plane%20stretching" title=" mid-plane stretching"> mid-plane stretching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Galerkin%20method." title=" Galerkin method. "> Galerkin method. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/nonlinear-structural-behavior-of-micro-and-nano-actuators-using-the-galerkin-discretization-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Navigation and Guidance System Architectures for Small Unmanned Aircraft Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Roberto%20Sabatini">Roberto Sabatini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Celia%20Bartel"> Celia Bartel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anish%20Kaharkar"> Anish Kaharkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tesheen%20Shaid"> Tesheen Shaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Subramanian%20Ramasamy"> Subramanian Ramasamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Two multisensor system architectures for navigation and guidance of small Unmanned Aircraft (UA) are presented and compared. The main objective of our research is to design a compact, light and relatively inexpensive system capable of providing the required navigation performance in all phases of flight of small UA, with a special focus on precision approach and landing, where Vision Based Navigation (VBN) techniques can be fully exploited in a multisensor integrated architecture. Various existing techniques for VBN are compared and the Appearance-Based Navigation (ABN) approach is selected for implementation. Feature extraction and optical flow techniques are employed to estimate flight parameters such as roll angle, pitch angle, deviation from the runway centreline and body rates. Additionally, we address the possible synergies of VBN, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and MEMS-IMU (Micro-Electromechanical System Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors, and the use of Aircraft Dynamics Model (ADM) to provide additional information suitable to compensate for the shortcomings of VBN and MEMS-IMU sensors in high-dynamics attitude determination tasks. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is developed to fuse the information provided by the different sensors and to provide estimates of position, velocity and attitude of the UA platform in real-time. The key mathematical models describing the two architectures i.e., VBN-IMU-GNSS (VIG) system and VIGADM (VIGA) system are introduced. The first architecture uses VBN and GNSS to augment the MEMS-IMU. The second mode also includes the ADM to provide augmentation of the attitude channel. Simulation of these two modes is carried out and the performances of the two schemes are compared in a small UA integration scheme (i.e., AEROSONDE UA platform) exploring a representative cross-section of this UA operational flight envelope, including high dynamics manoeuvres and CAT-I to CAT-III precision approach tasks. Simulation of the first system architecture (i.e., VIG system) shows that the integrated system can reach position, velocity and attitude accuracies compatible with the Required Navigation Performance (RNP) requirements. Simulation of the VIGA system also shows promising results since the achieved attitude accuracy is higher using the VBN-IMU-ADM than using VBN-IMU only. A comparison of VIG and VIGA system is also performed and it shows that the position and attitude accuracy of the proposed VIG and VIGA systems are both compatible with the RNP specified in the various UA flight phases, including precision approach down to CAT-II.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Global%20Navigation%20Satellite%20System%20%28GNSS%29" title="Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)">Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lowcost%0D%0ANavigation%20Sensors" title=" Lowcost Navigation Sensors"> Lowcost Navigation Sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS%20Inertial%20Measurement%20Unit%20%28IMU%29" title=" MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)"> MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Unmanned%20Aerial%20Vehicle" title=" Unmanned Aerial Vehicle"> Unmanned Aerial Vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vision%20Based%20Navigation." title=" Vision Based Navigation."> Vision Based Navigation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/navigation-and-guidance-system-architectures-for-small-unmanned-aircraft-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Compact Optical Sensors for Harsh Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Branislav%20Timotijevic">Branislav Timotijevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yves%20Petremand"> Yves Petremand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Markus%20Luetzelschwab"> Markus Luetzelschwab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dara%20Bayat"> Dara Bayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laurent%20Aebi"> Laurent Aebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Optical miniaturized sensors with remote readout are required devices for the monitoring in harsh electromagnetic environments. As an example, in turbo and hydro generators, excessively high vibrations of the end-windings can lead to dramatic damages, imposing very high, additional service costs. A significant change of the generator temperature can also be an indicator of the system failure. Continuous monitoring of vibrations, temperature, humidity, and gases is therefore mandatory. The high electromagnetic fields in the generators impose the use of non-conductive devices in order to prevent electromagnetic interferences and to electrically isolate the sensing element to the electronic readout. Metal-free sensors are good candidates for such systems since they are immune to very strong electromagnetic fields and given the fact that they are non-conductive. We have realized miniature optical accelerometer and temperature sensors for a remote sensing of the harsh environments using the common, inexpensive silicon Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) platform. Both devices show highly linear response. The accelerometer has a deviation within 1% from the linear fit when tested in a range 0 – 40 g. The temperature sensor can provide the measurement accuracy better than 1 °C in a range 20 – 150 °C. The design of other type of sensors for the environments with high electromagnetic interferences has also been discussed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Accelerometer" title="Accelerometer">Accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=harsh%20environment" title=" harsh environment"> harsh environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20MEMS" title=" optical MEMS"> optical MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pressure%20sensor" title=" pressure sensor"> pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=temperature%20sensor." title=" temperature sensor. "> temperature sensor. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/compact-optical-sensors-for-harsh-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Formation of Round Channel for Microfluidic Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Zahra">A. Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20de%20Cesare">G. de Cesare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Caputo"> D. Caputo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Nascetti"> A. Nascetti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) polymer is a suitable material for biological and MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) designers, because of its biocompatibility, transparency and high resistance under plasma treatment. PDMS round channel is always been of great interest due to its ability to confine the liquid with membrane type micro valves. In this paper we are presenting a very simple way to form round shapemicrofluidic channel, which is based on reflow of positive photoresist AZ® 40 XT. With this method, it is possible to obtain channel of different height simply by varying the spin coating parameters of photoresist.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lab-on-Chip" title="Lab-on-Chip">Lab-on-Chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PDMS" title=" PDMS"> PDMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reflow" title=" Reflow"> Reflow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Round%20microfluidic%20channel." title=" Round microfluidic channel."> Round microfluidic channel.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/formation-of-round-channel-for-microfluidic-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998716.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3023</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Design of Angular Estimator of Inertial Sensor Using the Least Square Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ji%20Hoon%20Kim">Ji Hoon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hyung%20Gi%20Min"> Hyung Gi Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jae%20Dong%20Cho"> Jae Dong Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jae%20Hoon%20Jang"> Jae Hoon Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sung-Ha%20Kwon"> Sung-Ha Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eun%20Tae%20Jeung"> Eun Tae Jeung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Since MEMS gyro sensors measure not angle of rotation but angular rate, an estimator is designed to estimate the angles in many applications. Gyro and accelerometer are used to improve estimating accuracy of the angle. This paper presents a method of finding filter coefficients of the well-known estimator which is to get rotation angles from gyro and accelerometer data. In order to verify the performance of our method, the estimated angle is compared with the encoder output in a rotary pendulum system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gyro" title="gyro">gyro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=accelerometer" title=" accelerometer"> accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=estimator" title=" estimator"> estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=least%20square." title=" least square."> least square.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/design-of-angular-estimator-of-inertial-sensor-using-the-least-square-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1818</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Low Power Capacitance-to-Voltage Converter for Magnetometer Interface IC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dipankar%20Nag">Dipankar Nag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Choe%20Andrew%20Kunil"> Choe Andrew Kunil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kevin%20Chai%20Tshun%20Chuan"> Kevin Chai Tshun Chuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Minkyu%20Je"> Minkyu Je</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents the design and implementation of a fully integrated Capacitance-to-Voltage Converter (CVC) as the analog front-end for magnetometer interface IC. The application demands very low power solution operating in the frequency of around 20 KHz. The design adapts low power architecture to create low noise electronic interface for Capacitive Micro-machined Lorentz force magnetometer sensor. Using a 0.18-μm CMOS process, simulation results of this interface IC show that the proposed CVC can provide 33 dB closed loop gain, 20 nV/√Hz input referred noise at 20 KHz, while consuming 65 μA current from 1.8-V supply. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Analog%20front%20end" title="Analog front end">Analog front end</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Capacitance-to-Voltage%20Converter" title=" Capacitance-to-Voltage Converter"> Capacitance-to-Voltage Converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnetometer" title=" Magnetometer"> Magnetometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Recycling%20Folded%20Cascode." title=" Recycling Folded Cascode."> Recycling Folded Cascode.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/low-power-capacitance-to-voltage-converter-for-magnetometer-interface-ic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3689</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Low-Cost Inertial Sensors Modeling Using Allan Variance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Hussen">A. A. Hussen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20N.%20Jleta"> I. N. Jleta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers and gyroscopes are suitable for the inertial navigation system (INS) of many applications due to low price, small dimensions and light weight. The main disadvantage in a comparison with classic sensors is a worse long term stability. The estimation accuracy is mostly affected by the time-dependent growth of inertial sensor errors, especially the stochastic errors. In order to eliminate negative effects of these random errors, they must be accurately modeled. In this paper, the Allan variance technique will be used in modeling the stochastic errors of the inertial sensors. By performing a simple operation on the entire length of data, a characteristic curve is obtained whose inspection provides a systematic characterization of various random errors contained in the inertial-sensor output data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Allan%20variance" title="Allan variance">Allan variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=accelerometer" title=" accelerometer"> accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gyroscope" title=" gyroscope"> gyroscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stochastic%0D%0Aerrors." title=" stochastic errors."> stochastic errors.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/low-cost-inertial-sensors-modeling-using-allan-variance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Measurement of Acoustic Loss in Nano-Layered Coating Developed for Thermal Noise Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Cesarini">E. Cesarini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Lorenzini"> M. Lorenzini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Cardarelli"> R. Cardarelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Chao"> S. Chao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Coccia"> E. Coccia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Fafone"> V. Fafone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Minenkow"> Y. Minenkow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Nardecchia"> I. Nardecchia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20M.%20Pinto"> I. M. Pinto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Rocchi"> A. Rocchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Sequino"> V. Sequino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Taranto"> C. Taranto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Structural relaxation processes in optical coatings represent a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of gravitational waves detectors, MEMS, optical metrology and entangled state experiments. To face this problem, many research lines are now active, in particular the characterization of new materials and novel solutions to be employed as coatings in future gravitational wave detectors. Nano-layered coating deposition is among the most promising techniques. We report on the measurement of acoustic loss of nm-layered composites (Ti<sub>2</sub>O/SiO<sub>2</sub>), performed with the GeNS nodal suspension, compared with sputtered λ/4 thin films nowadays employed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mechanical%20measurement" title="Mechanical measurement">Mechanical measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20coating" title=" optical coating"> optical coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20noise." title=" thermal noise."> thermal noise.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004463/measurement-of-acoustic-loss-in-nano-layered-coating-developed-for-thermal-noise-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004463/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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