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<html> <head> <title>André-Marie Ampère</title> <meta name="googlebot" content="noodp"> <meta name="robots" content="noodp"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/silly-nndb-icon.png" /><style type="text/css">  </style></head> <body bgcolor=#ffffff> <center> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr><td valign=top><table width=550 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td bgcolor=white><table width="100%" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" background="/nndb.gif"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top"><a href="http://www.nndb.com/"><img src="/title.gif" width="260" height="50" border=0 alt="NNDB"></a></td> <td><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6"> <tr align="center"> <td width="25%" nowrap><b><font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">This is a beta version of NNDB</font></b></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" valign="middle"><b><font size="-1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <form action="http://search.nndb.com/search/nndb.cgi" method="get"> <input type="hidden" name="nndb" value="1"></input> <nobr>Search: <select name="omenu"> <option value="unspecified" selected>All Names</option> <option value="living">Living people</option> <option value="dead">Dead people</option> <option value="bands">Band Names</option> <option value="books">Book Titles</option> <option value="movies">Movie Titles</option> <option value="fulltext">Full Text</option> </select> for <input name="query" value="" size=24 maxlength=96> <input type=submit value="Search"> </font></b></nobr></form></td> </tr> </table>        </td></tr><tr><td bgcolor=red height=2></td></tr><map name=fool><area coords="102,0,240,14" href="/people/574/000097283/bibliography/" alt="bibliography"></map><tr bgcolor=F0F0F0><td bgcolor=F0F0F0 style="padding: 0px 15px 15px 15px;"><img src="/red-profile-2.gif" align="right" height=15 width=240 border=0 usemap=#fool><br clear="all"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=100%><tr><td bgcolor=F0F0F0><font size=+3 face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>André-Marie Ampère</b></font><p><img src="ampere-1.jpg" height=316 width=270 align=right hspace=10 vspace=10 alt="André-Marie Ampère"><b>Born:</b> <a href="/lists/539/000106221/" class=proflink>22-Jan</a>-<a href="/lists/774/000105459/" class=proflink>1775</a><br><b>Birthplace:</b> <a href="/geo/681/000080441/" class=proflink>Lyon, France</a><br><b>Died:</b> <a href="/lists/048/000106727/" class=proflink>10-Jun</a>-<a href="/lists/346/000106028/" class=proflink>1836</a><br><b>Location of death:</b> <a href="/geo/682/000080442/" class=proflink>Marseille, France</a><br><b>Cause of death:</b> unspecified<br><b>Remains:</b> Buried, <a href="/cemetery/626/000208002/" class="proflink">Cimeti鑢e de Montmartre, Paris, France</a><br><p><b>Gender:</b> Male<br><b>Race or Ethnicity:</b> White<br><b>Occupation:</b> <a href="/lists/629/000096341/" class=proflink>Physicist</a><p><b>Nationality:</b> France<br><b>Executive summary:</b> Explored electromagnetism<p>French physicist, was born at Pol閙ieux, near Lyons, on the 22nd of January 1775. He took a passionate delight in the pursuit of knowledge from his very infancy, and is reported to have worked out long arithmetical sums by means of pebbles and biscuit crumbs before he knew the figures. His father began to teach him Latin, but ceased on discovering the boy's greater inclination and aptitude for mathematical studies. The young Amp鑢e, however, soon resumed his Latin lessons, to enable him to master the works of <a href="/people/954/000048810/">Leonhard Euler</a> and Bernouilli. In later life he was accustomed to say that he knew as much about mathematics when he was eighteen as ever he knew; but his reading embraced nearly the whole round of knowledge -- history, travels, poetry, philosophy and the natural sciences. When Lyons was taken by the army of the Convention in 1793, the father of Amp鑢e, who, holding the office of <i>juge de paix</i>, had stood out resolutely against the previous revolutionary excesses, was at once thrown into prison, and soon after perished on the scaffold. This event produced a profound impression on his susceptible mind, and for more than a year he remained sunk in apathy. Then his interest was aroused by some letters on botany which fell into his hands, and from botany he turned to the study of the classic poets, and to the writing of verses himself. In 1796 he met Julie Carron, and an attachment sprang up between them, the progress of which he naively recorded in a journal (<i>Amorum</i>). In 1799 they were married. From about 1796 Amp鑢e gave private lessons at Lyons in mathematics, chemistry and languages; and in 1801 he removed to Bourg, as professor of physics and chemistry, leaving his ailing wife and infant son at Lyons. She died in 1804, and he never recovered from the blow. In the same year he was appointed professor of mathematics at the lyc閑 of Lyons. His small treatise, <i>Consid閞ations sur la th閛rie math閙atique du jeu</i>, which demonstrated that the chances of play are decidedly against the habitual gambler, published in 1802, brought him under the notice of <a href="/people/404/000097113/">Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Delambre</a>, whose recommendation obtained for him the Lyons appointment, and afterwards (1804) a subordinate position in the polytechnic school at Paris, where he was elected professor of mathematics in 1809. Here he continued to prosecute his scientific researches and his multifarious studies with unabated diligence. He was admitted a member of the Institute in 1814. It is on the service that he rendered to science in establishing the relations between electricity and magnetism, and in developing the science of electromagnetism, or, as he called it, electrodynamics, that Amp鑢e's fame mainly rests. On the 11th of September 1820 he heard of H. C. Oersted's discovery that a magnetic needle is acted on by a voltaic current. On the 18th of the same month he presented a paper to the Academy, containing a far more complete exposition of that and kindred phenomena. The whole field thus opened up he explored with characteristic industry and care, and developed a mathematical theory which not only explained the electromagnetic phenomena already observed but also predicted many new ones. His original memoirs on this subject may be found in the <i>Ann. Chim. Phys.</i> between 1820 and 1828. Late in life he prepared a remarkable <i>Essai sur la philosophie des sciences</i>. In addition, he wrote a number of scientific memoirs and papers, including two on the integration of partial differential equations. He died at Marseilles on the 10th of June 1836. The great amiability and childlike simplicity of Amp鑢e's character are well brought out in his <i>Journal et correspondance</i> (Paris, 1872). <p><b>Father:</b> (d. 1793 execution)<br><b>Wife:</b> Julie Carron (m. 1799, d. 1804, one son)<br><p>    Professor: Chemistry and Physics, Bourg-en-Bresse (1801-)<br>    Professor: <a href="/edu/946/000104634/">Mathematics, École Polytechnique, Paris (1809-)</a><br><p>    <a href="/lists/426/000072210/">Units of Measure</a> electric current<br><p> <br><br><p> <font size=-1>Do you know something we don't?</font><br> <font size=-1><a href="http://commentary.nndb.com/submit/feedback/?id=97283" rel="nofollow">Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile</a></font><br> <p> <br><br><p><font size=-1>Copyright ©2019 Soylent Communications</font><p> </td></tr></table> </td></tr> </table> </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="top" style="padding: 0px 0px 8px 25px;"></td></tr> </table> </center> </body> </html>