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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_rollout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_rollout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Digital rollout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_rollout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_switchover_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_switchover_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>The switchover process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_switchover_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-switchover" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-switchover"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Post-switchover</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-switchover-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digit_Al" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digit_Al"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Digit Al</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digit_Al-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_Self-Help_Relays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_Self-Help_Relays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Digital Self-Help Relays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_Self-Help_Relays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-switchover_reorganisation_and_HD" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-switchover_reorganisation_and_HD"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Post-switchover reorganisation and HD</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-switchover_reorganisation_and_HD-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_digital_terrestrial_channels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_digital_terrestrial_channels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of digital terrestrial channels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_digital_terrestrial_channels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Multiplexing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Multiplexing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Multiplexing</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Multiplexing-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Multiplexing subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Multiplexing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_multiplexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_multiplexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>The multiplexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_multiplexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_multiplexing_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_multiplexing_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Use of multiplexing technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_multiplexing_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Improvements_in_compression_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Improvements_in_compression_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Improvements in compression technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Improvements_in_compression_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Official_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Official sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Other sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22">"Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Digital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom</b> encompasses over 100 television, radio and interactive services broadcast via the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>'s terrestrial television network and receivable with a standard television set. The majority of <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial television</a> (DTT) services, including the five former <a href="/wiki/Analog_television" title="Analog television">analogue</a> channels, are broadcast <a href="/wiki/Free-to-air" title="Free-to-air">free-to-air</a>, and a further selection of encrypted <a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">pay TV</a> services (such as <a href="/wiki/Racing_TV" title="Racing TV">Racing TV</a>) are also available. <a href="/wiki/Freeview_(UK)" title="Freeview (UK)">Freeview</a> is the only DTT service since <a href="/wiki/Top_Up_TV" title="Top Up TV">Top Up TV</a> closed in 2013. </p><p>The digital broadcasting technology adopted in the UK is the <a href="/wiki/DVB-T" title="DVB-T">DVB-T</a> system (Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial) carrying compressed digital audio, video and other data in a combined transport stream, using <a href="/wiki/Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing"><abbr title="Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing">COFDM</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing</span> modulation. A total of eight national and one local 'multiplexes' are broadcast in the UK, guaranteed to reach over 90% of the country. Three of the multiplexes, carrying the free public service channels operated by the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>, <a href="/wiki/S4C" title="S4C">S4C</a> and <a href="/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel 5 (UK)">Channel 5</a>, are guaranteed wider coverage still, reaching 98.5% of the country including areas dependent on low-power local relays.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the UK, the <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Digital_switchover">switchover from analogue to digital TV</a> started on 17 October 2007 and was completed on 24 October 2012. Each group of regional transmitters had its analogue broadcasts switched off at a certain point between those dates. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Receiving_and_recording">Receiving and recording</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Receiving and recording"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TV_aerial_by_One_For_All.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/TV_aerial_by_One_For_All.jpg/220px-TV_aerial_by_One_For_All.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/TV_aerial_by_One_For_All.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="335" /></a><figcaption>DTT requires a loop aerial such as this One For All model, which are designed to receive the signals on the UHF band that DTT uses in the UK's airwaves</figcaption></figure> <p>Digital Terrestrial Television is commonly received by means of a compatible <a href="/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top box</a> or <a href="/wiki/Integrated_digital_television" title="Integrated digital television">integrated digital television</a> (IDTV), connected to an appropriate receiving antenna. In most cases, reception is possible using aerials originally used for analogue television. </p><p>Transmissions may be recorded in many ways – such as via the connection of a set-top-box to an existing 'analogue' <a href="/wiki/Videocassette_recorder" title="Videocassette recorder">video</a> or DVD recorder, or by the use of newer models of such recorders which have built-in digital tuners. However, the most common option is by the use of set-top-boxes which incorporate a hard disk drive, and allow the recording of the digital signal directly to disk, for later replay. Recording on such boxes, known as <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">Personal Video Recorders</a> or PVRs, is more convenient, as programmes may be easily selected for recording from an on-screen programme guide, with no need to specify explicit start and end times for recordings, and no need to program more than one piece of equipment. </p><p>Many television services which incorporate DTT channels in their service offering – e.g. Top Up TV, <a href="/wiki/EE_TV" title="EE TV">BT TV</a>, and <a href="/wiki/TalkTalk_TV" title="TalkTalk TV">TalkTalk Plus TV</a>, offer set top boxes with such a recording facility. Non-subscription DTT PVRs are also available and are often sold under the 'Freeview+' banner (formerly Freeview Playback.) </p><p>There also exist a variety of solutions to enable the viewing and recording of DTT programmes on personal computers, with various TV cards or USB tuners available for use with a variety of software packages, including <a href="/wiki/MythTV" title="MythTV">MythTV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Center" title="Windows Media Center">Windows Media Center</a>. Most cards or tuners include their own software in the package also. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digital Terrestrial Television provides many more channels. For some viewers it offers much improved reception compared to analogue broadcasts (although these had been entirely discontinued in the UK by 2012), including 16:9 <a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_widescreen" title="Anamorphic widescreen">anamorphic widescreen</a>. A number of interactive services are also offered. </p><p>An eight-day <a href="/wiki/Electronic_program_guide" title="Electronic program guide">Electronic Programme Guide</a> (EPG) is available and allows viewers to see programme descriptions and broadcast times well in advance. PVRs will make use of this facility allowing recording timers to be set. This Eight-Day EPG was not an original feature of the Digital Terrestrial system, therefore some early receivers, such as receivers originally made to operate with the <a href="/wiki/ITV_Digital" title="ITV Digital">ONdigital</a> service, will only display details of 'now and next' programme information. </p><p>A fourteen-day Top Up TV EPG was an alternative which was available to TUTV-branded PVRs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_and_launch">Development and launch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development and launch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digital terrestrial television launched in the UK on 15 November 1998, just after <a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">digital satellite television</a> on 1 October 1998. The technology required that the UK government license the broadcast of channels in six groups, or <a href="/wiki/Multiplex_(television)" title="Multiplex (television)">multiplexes</a> (abbreviated to 'mux') labelled 1, 2, A, B, C, and D.<sup id="cite_ref-1996055.htm_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996055.htm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Independent_Television_Commission" title="Independent Television Commission">Independent Television Commission</a> (ITC) allocated each existing analogue terrestrial channel half the capacity of a multiplex each. This meant the BBC got a multiplex to themselves (Multiplex 1), ITV and Channel 4 shared Multiplex 2 (though 3%<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the capacity was given to <a href="/wiki/Teletext_Ltd." title="Teletext Ltd.">Teletext Ltd.</a>) and Channel 5 and S4C shared Multiplex A. The remaining spectrum (Multiplexes B, C and D) was then auctioned off. A consortium made up of <a href="/wiki/Granada_plc" title="Granada plc">Granada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlton_Communications" title="Carlton Communications">Carlton</a> (members of the ITV network, which have now merged to form <a href="/wiki/ITV_plc" title="ITV plc">ITV plc</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">BSkyB</a> successfully bid for these licences, and set-up the subscription ONdigital service, though BSkyB left the consortium prior to launch. </p><p>The BBC made some use of its multiplex for three of its then four new television services; <a href="/wiki/BBC_Choice" title="BBC Choice">BBC Choice</a> (which had started on 23 September 1998 with four national variations), <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News (TV channel)">BBC News 24</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Parliament" title="BBC Parliament">BBC Parliament</a> (albeit in sound only). ITV initially used their space to house <a href="/wiki/ITV2" title="ITV2">ITV2</a> (from 7 December 1998) in England and Wales, You2 (later UTV2) in Northern Ireland and S2 in Scotland (now both ITV2), as well as <a href="/wiki/CITV" title="CITV">GMTV2</a> during the early mornings. Channel 4 used their space for subscription channels <a href="/wiki/Film4" title="Film4">FilmFour</a> and <a href="/wiki/E4_(TV_channel)" title="E4 (TV channel)">E4</a> which, although not part of ONdigital, would be paid for and were only available through an ONdigital subscription. Channel 4's nationwide coverage on 'mux' 2 enabled it to be received terrestrially throughout much of Wales for the first time in its history, where previously only S4C had been available. Consequently, S4C's digital service, 'S4C Digidol' carries only Welsh-language programming, in contrast to S4C analogue which also carries English-language programmes commissioned and transmitted by Channel 4 in other parts of the UK. </p><p>Channel 5 sold its half of Multiplex A to the owners of the other half of the multiplex, S4C, who set up a subsidiary called <a href="/wiki/S4C_Digital_Networks" title="S4C Digital Networks">S4C Digital Networks</a> (SDN) to manage the multiplex and rented most of it out to ONdigital as well as some space to the BBC who launched <a href="/wiki/BBC_Knowledge" title="BBC Knowledge">BBC Knowledge</a> on 1 June 1999, at a time when technical capabilities limited the number of stations it could carry on its own multiplex. S4C chose not to carry S4C Digidol and its newly launched digital Welsh Assembly station, <a href="/wiki/S4C_Dau" title="S4C Dau">S4C2</a> outside Wales, preferring to sell the space instead. Consequently, some ONdigital services were not available on Welsh transmitters. </p><p>While the BBC was seemingly concerned with delivering a service of good technical quality, other broadcasters chose to deliver a larger number of channels rather than optimise service reliability and picture quality.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ITV_Digital">ITV Digital</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: ITV Digital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/ITV_Digital" title="ITV Digital">ITV Digital</a></div> <p>ONdigital had problems from the start, and renaming the service <a href="/wiki/ITV_Digital" title="ITV Digital">ITV Digital</a> on 11 July 2001 failed to help the matter. All subscription services except E4 and FilmFour went off-air on 1 May 2002 after the consortium collapsed, explained as being due to paying too much for the television rights for <a href="/wiki/The_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="The Football League">The Football League</a>. However, the choice of 64QAM broadcast mode, the fact that at least 40% of homes would need new aerials to receive it, a high <a href="/wiki/Churn_rate" title="Churn rate">churn rate</a>, an insecure <a href="/wiki/Pirate_decryption" title="Pirate decryption">hackable</a> <a href="/wiki/Encryption" title="Encryption">encryption</a> system, the cost of having to provide free set-top boxes, and aggressive competition from BSkyB all contributed to ITV Digital's spiraling costs, before shareholders Granada and Carlton called a halt to the venture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freeview">Freeview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Freeview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Freeview_(UK)" title="Freeview (UK)">Freeview (UK)</a></div> <p>As ITV Digital had collapsed, the rights reverted to the regulator and the ITC invited bids for the space on Multiplexes B, C and D. The Freeview consortium was formed by the BBC, transmitter company <a href="/wiki/National_Grid_Wireless" class="mw-redirect" title="National Grid Wireless">National Grid Wireless</a> (known at the time as Crown Castle UK) and <a href="/wiki/BSkyB" class="mw-redirect" title="BSkyB">BSkyB</a>. This consortium (legal name DTV Services Ltd and trading under the "Freeview" brand) won and launched a new service. Dropping the failed ITV Digital business model, Freeview launched on 30 October 2002 with free television channels only, and made digital radio stations available on television receivers for the first time. </p><p>The BBC controlled one Multiplex (B) for its own services, and Crown Castle/National Grid the other two (C & D) for commercial services, though the Community Channel also operated on Multiplex B. The BBC's second multiplex has allowed it to televise BBC Parliament where it had previously only been available in sound, allowed BBC Knowledge and its successor, BBC4, to stop renting space from SDN for coverage, and allowed for special video screens in its interactive service BBCi, for use during sporting events such as <a href="/wiki/The_Championships,_Wimbledon" class="mw-redirect" title="The Championships, Wimbledon">Wimbledon</a> and carrying loops of news headlines and weather, (services already provided on digital satellite) </p><p>On 11 October 2005, ITV plc and Channel 4 joined the Freeview consortium and in the same year ITV plc also bought SDN and as such they gained control of Multiplex A. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Top_Up_TV">Top Up TV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Top Up TV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Top_Up_TV" title="Top Up TV">Top Up TV</a></div> <p>The space ITV Digital had rented on other multiplexes initially became empty again, but some were rented out to allow new channels to launch. In May 2004 Top Up TV was launched to provide subscription content in hitherto unused space on multiplex A, rented from <a href="/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel 5 (UK)">Channel 5</a><sup id="cite_ref-ITV2005-04-27_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITV2005-04-27-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and additional services transmitted by Channel 4 on their own capacity on Multiplex 2. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Classic Movies (UK)">TCM</a> purchased its own slot throughout England, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> from the multiplex owner, SDN, but rents from <a href="/wiki/Sit-up_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Sit-up Ltd">Sit-up Ltd</a> in Wales, timesharing with <a href="/wiki/Bid_tv" class="mw-redirect" title="Bid tv">bid tv</a>. Multiplex A is ultimately owned by ITV Plc via its SDN acquisition, but ITV only has involvement with Top Up TV channels via Channel 5.<sup id="cite_ref-ITV2005-04-27_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITV2005-04-27-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September of the same year, Top Up TV began operating solely on Multiplex A, as Channel 4 reclaimed the <a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" title="Bandwidth (signal processing)">bandwidth</a> on Multiplex 2 for its own services <a href="/wiki/More_4" class="mw-redirect" title="More 4">More 4</a>, E4, and most recently <a href="/wiki/Film4" title="Film4">Film4</a>. </p><p>In October 2006, Channel 5 launched two new free-to-air digital channels, <a href="/wiki/Five_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Life">Five Life</a> and <a href="/wiki/5_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="5 USA">Five US</a>, using capacity formerly leased out to Top Up TV.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This left Top Up TV with a reduced number of video streams. In November 2006, the company launched <i>Top Up TV Anytime</i>, a service which broadcasts overnight <i>"downloads"</i> which are recorded by a proprietary Top Up TV Anytime <a href="/wiki/Personal_video_recorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal video recorder">personal video recorder</a> (PVR). At the same time, they started reducing the linear service. </p><p>On 19 April 2006, Ofcom ruled that, on request of each <a href="/wiki/Multiplex_(TV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiplex (TV)">multiplex</a> operator, the '<a href="/wiki/Free-to-air" title="Free-to-air">free-to-air</a> channels only' requirement put in place at the launch of Freeview in 2002 may be lifted on Multiplex B, C and D. The effect of this ruling is that if a Mux operator requests the restriction to be lifted, their multiplex may carry pay TV services. Ofcom says that the digital television market has changed significantly since 2002. Consequently, it believes that this restriction is no longer required. </p><p>During the consultation, 9 of the 12 responses from broadcasters were in favour of removing the restriction. These included the BBC. The BBC agreed that the digital television market had changed substantially since 2002, and that Top Up TV probably could not afford the current cost of DTT slots anyway. The BBC suggested that the deregulation should be conditional on a number of further changes to regulation. These included that Ofcom changes the transmission mode of broadcast on all multiplexes from 16<a href="/wiki/QAM" class="mw-redirect" title="QAM">QAM</a> to 64QAM so more services could be squeezed onto the digital terrestrial platform. However, Ofcom rejected these suggestions, saying they were outside the scope of the consultation. </p><p>Out of the three that opposed, one was Channel 4, which has been putting in place a portfolio of free-to-air channels, among them Film4 which was made free-to-air across all platforms on 23 July 2006. Channel 4 argued that the number of free channels available has been the major driving force behind the massive success of the platform – there are now more than 10 million Freeview boxes in use. </p><p>A number of broadcasters requested that their replies were kept confidential. These include ITV and BSkyB. However, it is believed that ITV opposed the plan and BSkyB supported it.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to replies from broadcasters, there were 21 replies from individuals. Of these, 20 opposed the change. </p><p>The channels on Multiplexes B, C and D are those owned by the Freeview consortium and include the three Sky channels on the platform and the <a href="/wiki/UKTV" title="UKTV">UKTV</a> channels. However, Ofcom believes that in the short to medium term, it is unlikely existing free-to-air channels will convert to pay TV. This is because, firstly, Multiplex B is run by the BBC, which is not expected to request the removal of the free-to-air requirement. Secondly, due to the nature of the contracts the channel broadcasters hold with multiplex operators and content providers, it is unlikely a channel will be able to change to pay TV. </p><p>It was announced on 8 February 2007 that BSkyB intended to withdraw Sky Three, Sky News and Sky Sports News from the platform in the summer of 2007. BSkyB had said that it intended to replace them with 4 of its subscription channels. It also said that it would use an alternative (<a href="/wiki/MPEG4" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG4">MPEG4</a>) codec, which would enable a greater number of channels to be broadcast, but would require the purchase of new equipment for those who wished to receive the new service.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 October 2007 Ofcom said that the plans for a new subscription service raised competition concerns and may have to be scrapped.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008_update_issues">2008 update issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2008 update issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During 2008, a rolling programme of transmitter updates caused approximately 250,000 set-top boxes to stop working. Freeview had warned consumers in advance of the update, which was phased over a three-month period.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The problem affected a specific range of older units, and was caused by an increased Network Information Table (channel list) exceeding the memory available in some set-top boxes. This had been part of the specification that was available and implemented in the very early OnDigital boxes, but not in those using the SetPal chip set.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Affected consumers were advised to buy new set-top boxes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Digital_switchover">Digital switchover</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Digital switchover"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_digital_switchover.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/UK_digital_switchover.svg/300px-UK_digital_switchover.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="608" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/UK_digital_switchover.svg/450px-UK_digital_switchover.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/UK_digital_switchover.svg/600px-UK_digital_switchover.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1021" data-file-height="2070" /></a><figcaption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid black;background-color:#71C837; color:black;"> </span> Switchover complete</div></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Digital_switchover_dates_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Digital switchover dates in the United Kingdom">Digital switchover dates in the United Kingdom</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Summary">Summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The UK Government's intention was that <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial television</a> would completely replace <a href="/wiki/Analogue_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Analogue terrestrial television in the United Kingdom">analogue terrestrial television in the United Kingdom</a> by 24 October 2012. This process was known as "<a href="/wiki/Digital_Switchover" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Switchover">Digital Switchover</a>", or DSO. The industry association for digital television in the UK, <a href="/wiki/Digital_TV_Group" title="Digital TV Group">Digital TV Group</a>, was responsible for co-ordination between Freeview and other digital services. DTG licensed suitable equipment to bear the Digital Tick and Freeview Playback Logos<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to identify PVRs and other devices designed to work through switchover, and to raise awareness of DTT product quality and standards. Digital terrestrial television is broadcast using the <a href="/wiki/DVB-T" title="DVB-T">DVB-T</a> international standard for <a href="/wiki/Standard-definition" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard-definition">standard-definition</a> content and <a href="/wiki/DVB-T2" title="DVB-T2">DVB-T2</a> for <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high definition</a> content. </p><p>The digital switchover process involved discontinuing analogue terrestrial TV broadcasts, which in some areas allowed for greater signal strength and/or better coverage of digital multiplexes. The process concluded on 24 October 2012, when digital switchover completed in Northern Ireland (the same day as the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> also completed its digital switchover<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>In areas where analogue signals had terminated, older receiving equipment was likely to require replacement or upgrade. This process was subsidised by the UK Government for those on low incomes. Contracts for this operation were awarded to BSkyB in the Border Television region. Upgrading of analogue receiving equipment required a Freeview set-top box (or other DVB-T capable digital receiver). Where an analogue TV recording device was in use this ideally would require a separate Freeview set-top box, to replicate the previous functionality of recording and watching different programme sources. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The progress towards digital switchover in the UK was long. The then <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Culture,_Media_and_Sport" title="Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport">Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith,_Baron_Smith_of_Finsbury" title="Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury">Chris Smith</a>, announced in 1999 that the Government's intention was to achieve switchover "between 2006 and 2010". Work started in earnest with the setting up of the Digital Action Plan, a body working across industry, government and consumer groups to advise on the best way to meet the switchover target date. </p><p>By 2003, however, it was becoming clear that switchover could not start by 2006. In particular, the decision taken by the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> to call a <a href="/wiki/Regional_Radiocommunication_Conference" title="Regional Radiocommunication Conference">Regional Radiocommunication Conference</a> to establish a <a href="/wiki/Frequency_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Frequency plan">frequency plan</a> for digital broadcasting meant that in practice, substantive steps towards switchover would need to wait until after the conference's second session, due to be held in May and June 2006. </p><p>On 15 September 2005, addressing the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Television_Society" title="Royal Television Society">Royal Television Society</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, Smith's successor at the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Culture,_Media_and_Sport" title="Department for Culture, Media and Sport">DCMS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tessa_Jowell" title="Tessa Jowell">Tessa Jowell</a>, announced the go-ahead for switchover in the UK, coupled with support measures to ensure the disadvantaged are not left behind.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the day after Jowell's speech, an independent not-for-profit company, <a href="/wiki/Everyone_TV" title="Everyone TV">Digital UK (now Everyone TV)</a>, was established to co-ordinate the switchover process. Set up by the broadcasters and the commercial multiplex operators, Digital UK was required to co-ordinate the project and ensure that the public are kept informed about progress. </p><p>Local television broadcasters, including the BBC and ITV, actively encouraged viewers to upgrade to digital television. UK broadcasters were also under additional pressure to complete migration before the <a href="/wiki/London_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="London 2012">Olympic Games</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_rollout">Digital rollout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Digital rollout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British Government gave <a href="/wiki/Ofcom" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Digital_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UK">Digital UK</a> jointly the task of discontinuing analogue television broadcasting. The switch-off occurred on an ITV sub-region basis.<sup id="cite_ref-DigitalUK161006_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DigitalUK161006-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2005, a technical trial in <a href="/wiki/Ferryside_television_relay_station" title="Ferryside television relay station">Ferryside</a>, Wales, resulted in viewers losing three out of the four available analogue channels in favour of going digital, leaving only analogue <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two_Wales" title="BBC Two Wales">BBC Two Wales</a> until switchover at <a href="/wiki/Preseli_transmitting_station" title="Preseli transmitting station">Preseli</a> in August 2009 (at the time, <a href="/wiki/BBC_2W" title="BBC 2W">BBC 2W</a> on digital offered a different schedule to BBC Two Wales on analogue). </p><p>In October 2007, following a 15-month publicity and information campaign, and an early digital launch in August by Channel 5,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Whitehaven, Eskdale Green and Gosforth transmitters switched off analogue signals on the BBC Two frequency, and began broadcasting a temporary digital service for the main channels. On 14 November, all analogue signals were switched off, and the permanent three-multiplex digital service began (albeit with Channel 5 only on the Whitehaven transmitter, until 2009). Unfortunately, as had been feared, a small number of homes among the hills, which had received "fuzzy" analogue signals, particularly in Eskdale, were unable to receive a decodable Freeview signal.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The only other serious problem resulted from the "rescan" command in some models of set-top box defaulting to frequencies used by the nearest main transmitter, instead of the strongest digital signals; this could be overcome by using the "add channel" option to select channels one-by-one, and in the long term by corrections to the boxes' software.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2008, the full rolling programme started in the <a href="/wiki/Border_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Television">ITV Border</a> region at the Selkirk transmitter, with the Caldbeck transmitter switching a year later (Caldbeck was rebuilt, and broadcasts Scottish multiplexes as well as English ones to improve service to viewers north of the border; the nearby Sandale transmitter ceased to broadcast TV). The programme continued across the rest of the country, with the <a href="/wiki/ITV_Westcountry" title="ITV Westcountry">Westcountry</a> region, <a href="/wiki/ITV_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV Wales">Wales</a> and the <a href="/wiki/ITV_Granada" title="ITV Granada">Granada</a> region switching over in 2009. The <a href="/wiki/ITV_West" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV West">West</a>, <a href="/wiki/STV_North" class="mw-redirect" title="STV North">STV North</a>, <a href="/wiki/STV_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="STV Central">STV Central</a> regions and the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel Television">Channel Islands</a> followed in 2010; the <a href="/wiki/ITV_Central" title="ITV Central">Central</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITV_Yorkshire" title="ITV Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Anglia" title="ITV Anglia">Anglia</a> regions in 2011; and finally the <a href="/wiki/ITV_Meridian" title="ITV Meridian">Meridian</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITV_London" title="ITV London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITV_Tyne_Tees" title="ITV Tyne Tees">Tyne Tees</a> & <a href="/wiki/UTV_(TV_channel)" title="UTV (TV channel)">UTV</a> regions in 2012. </p><p>Many decisions had to be made, including what to do about people who may find the new technology confusing, or who have no desire to receive more than the four or five channels they originally had, and who may have been reluctant to buy a digital box to view the free channels. The government arranged for the BBC to administer a <a href="/wiki/Digital_Switchover_Help_Scheme_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Switchover Help Scheme (United Kingdom)">Digital Switchover Help Scheme</a> to ensure that groups such as the over-75s and recipients of disability benefits did not lose their television services when analogue transmissions were switched off. </p><p>Another issue was that the "98.5 per cent of the population" availability target could only be achieved "via rooftop aerials",<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Section 134 of the Communications Act 2003 sets out the principle "that no person should unreasonably be denied access to an electronic communications network or to electronic communications services".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is taken to mean that everyone has the right to mount a television aerial on their roof.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ofcom allocated frequencies for groups of households to provide "self-help" relay transmitters at their own expense (for analogue broadcasts there were some 200 of these, serving around 13,000 households), but suggested that in such cases, terrestrial TV may no longer be the most cost-effective solution.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_switchover_process">The switchover process</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: The switchover process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After several months of press publicity, leaflet drops, public meetings etc., captions started appearing on analogue broadcasts from the affected transmitters, warning viewers that the analogue service would shortly be switched off and that they would need to take action (for Whitehaven, the first large area to switch over, the captions started appearing some 5 months before the BBC Two analogue service was switched off<sup id="cite_ref-DigitalUK0114_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DigitalUK0114-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). At about the same time, details of the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Switchover_Help_Scheme_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Switchover Help Scheme (United Kingdom)">Switchover Help Scheme</a> were distributed. Although viewers who lived outside existing Freeview reception areas were unable to test any digital receiving equipment they had bought at this early stage, test-screens on <a href="/wiki/Ceefax" title="Ceefax">Ceefax</a> (BBC One & Two) and <a href="/wiki/Teletext" title="Teletext">Teletext</a> (ITV & C4/S4C) page 284 made it possible to determine whether they were likely to need a new aerial or a signal amplifier to receive digital transmissions. </p><p>Next, detailed information booklets were delivered to all households in the area (including many on the fringe who may have been receiving their TV from other transmitters- hence the importance of the on-screen warning captions). Two or three months later, the first stage of the switchover began with the analogue <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> replaced with the new BBC A multiplex.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At some locations, during the period between stage one and stage two, BBC One, ITV or Channel 4 moved to the analogue BBC Two frequency where that channel's frequency was required for the digital transmission of Multiplex 1. At the same time, captions appeared on the remaining analogue channels reminding viewers of the impending switchover. Finally, the second stage saw the remaining analogue transmissions switched off and the other high power multiplexes switched on. Initially, this occurred four weeks after stage one, but starting with the switchover at <a href="/wiki/Mendip_TV_Mast" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendip TV Mast">Mendip</a> in April 2010 onwards, this gap was reduced to two weeks. </p><p>Three multiplexes (BBC A, D3&4, BBC B) are for <a href="/wiki/Public_service_broadcasting_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom">public service broadcasting</a> and are broadcast from all transmitter sites. They contain around 25 TV channels, half a dozen radio stations and half a dozen text/interactive services. These include all the television channels from the BBC, some from ITV and Channel 4, Channel 5 and S4C (in Wales only). The other three multiplexes (SDN, Arqiva A, Arqiva B) are broadcast from main transmitter sites only and are operated by their respective commercial licence-holders. To reflect the slightly changed roles, the multiplex names were also changed:<sup id="cite_ref-muxchangeborder_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muxchangeborder-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Old multiplex name </th> <th>New multiplex name </th> <th>Owning company </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td>BBC A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td>D3&4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Digital_3%264" title="Digital 3&4">Digital 3&4</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A </td> <td>SDN </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S4C_Digital_Networks" title="S4C Digital Networks">S4C Digital Networks</a> (<a href="/wiki/ITV_plc" title="ITV plc">ITV plc</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>B </td> <td>BBC B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>C </td> <td>Arqiva A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arqiva" title="Arqiva">Arqiva</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>D </td> <td>Arqiva B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arqiva" title="Arqiva">Arqiva</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-switchover">Post-switchover</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Post-switchover"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The adoption of the technically superior <a href="/wiki/DVB-T#Basics" title="DVB-T">DVB-T</a> format occurred in each region at the date of switchover. This resulted in no reception for viewers with older '2k' only equipment, such as former ONdigital/ITV Digital boxes, and other incompatible IDTVs and set top boxes.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Meridian and Anglia regions, transmitters formed a <a href="/wiki/Single-frequency_network" title="Single-frequency network">single-frequency network</a> when they were converted to all-digital operation.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alternative post-switchover multiplex designations were used on internal documentation by the BBC switchover contractor Arqiva,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but changing the designations of the multiplexes requires changes to legislation<sup id="cite_ref-1996055.htm_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996055.htm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to the multiplex licences issued by Ofcom and is not in the current draft.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When digital switchover was complete, two new sub-bands of the <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> spectrum were clear (frequencies corresponding to channel ranges 31–40 and 63–69), leaving only channels 21–30 and 41–62 for digital television multiplexes. This "<a href="/wiki/Digital_dividend" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital dividend">digital dividend</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-ddroverview_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ddroverview-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> required millions of homes to upgrade their aerials to the wideband type to receive some or all of the Freeview multiplexes.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This spectrum is useful because of its trade-off between bandwidth and range. Following a consultation, in September 2011 Ofcom stated that an auction for the 600 MHz band will most likely lead to channels 31–37 being used for three new TV multiplexes; a reference transmission plan assumes two frequencies would be multiple-frequency networks, and channel 36 would be used as a national single-frequency network.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining reallocated frequencies can be re-used for other services, for example the provision of: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB-H" title="DVB-H">Mobile Television services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_broadband" title="Mobile broadband">wireless (mobile) broadband</a> services</li> <li>wider coverage for advanced services in remote and rural areas</li> <li>more multiplexes carrying more channels</li> <li>high definition (HD) services</li></ul> <p>The clearing and re-allocation of these channels of the spectrum for other services caused some controversy within technical industries, such as <a href="/wiki/Wireless_microphones" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless microphones">wireless microphones</a>, as Ofcom decided to clear channel 69 (854–862 MHz) to match the rest of Europe and make the facilitation of future services easier.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further re-allocations of the other freed analogue television channels have not yet occurred, but when implemented will require legislation changes. It is likely that if they are sold commercially, they will not only attract interest, but may be bought for millions of pounds due to the high demand for spectrum throughout most of Europe. Ofcom have published further information about the auctioned channel in an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111121155601/http://media.ofcom.org.uk/2010/08/05/ofcom-explains-how-government-funding-package-for-wireless-microphone-users-will-work/">announcement</a> on their website. </p><p>OFCOM released their consultation of the future of the 600 MHz and 700 MHz UHF bands beyond 2018 on 16 November 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This document recommends that the 600 MHz UHF band is allocated to DVB-T2 MPEG-4 Freeview HD services and Whitespace services, allowing a future migration of the existing 700 MHz Freeview allocation to 700 MHz mobile data services (synchronising the bandwidth usage with many other markets in Europe and globally). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digit_Al">Digit Al</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Digit Al"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Digit Al</b> is a robot character created for Digital UK in 2005, by <a href="/wiki/Abbott_Mead_Vickers_BBDO" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO">Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO</a> and voiced by the English comedy actor <a href="/wiki/Matt_Lucas_(comedian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matt Lucas (comedian)">Matt Lucas</a>, used in material publicising the digital switchover. It appeared in the public information programme run by <a href="/wiki/Digital_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UK">Digital UK</a> until 2012. The character was first transmitted simultaneously on about 100 television channels and on regional BBC television on 5 May 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_Self-Help_Relays">Digital Self-Help Relays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Digital Self-Help Relays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Terrestrial analogue relay stations have been repeating TV signals to areas not covered by broadcaster-owned transmitters since the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Independent Broadcasting Authority">Independent Broadcasting Authority</a> started licensing them in 1980. Recently self-help groups have had to look into upgrading their old analogue transmitters to digital ones. The first digital self-help relay was installed at Ladram Bay, Devon by Stuart Harse and Liam Kelly (broadcast engineers from Bristol). The system was designed by Mike Rea of Taylor Transmitters, Oldham UK. The Ladram Bay TV repeater broadcasts all six mux signals from the Stockland Hill transmitter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-switchover_reorganisation_and_HD">Post-switchover reorganisation and HD</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Post-switchover reorganisation and HD"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2011</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In March 2006, the development of a new second generation digital terrestrial broadcasting standard, <a href="/wiki/DVB-T2" title="DVB-T2">DVB-T2</a>, was agreed by the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a> Group. </p><p>The BBC, ITV, Channel 4, S4C and Channel 5 agreed with the regulator <a href="/wiki/Ofcom" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a> to convert one UK multiplex (B, or PSB3) to DVB-T2 to increase capacity for <a href="/wiki/HDTV" class="mw-redirect" title="HDTV">HDTV</a> (High Definition Television) via DTT.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first TV region to use the new standard was <a href="/wiki/Granada_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Granada Television">Granada</a> in November 2009 (with existing switched over regions being changed at the same time). It is expected that over time there will be enough DVB-T2 receivers sold to switch all DTT transmissions to DVB-T2, and <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_10" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 Part 10">MPEG-4 Part 10</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>From 27 October 2009, Multiplex B (PSB3) was cleared of SD channels in post DSO areas, which were moved to Multiplex 1 (PSB1). In pre DSO areas, Multiplex B continued to carry BBC Four, BBC Parliament, CBeebies, BBC Radio Stations and 301 until DSO. Former streams of 302 and News Multiscreen on Multiplex B were sublet to broadcasters other than the BBC for pre DSO areas only, and were not available at all in post DSO areas because of the new DVB-T2 HD multiplex as replacement. </p><p>On 3 April 2008, Ofcom published its final decision for the HDTV transmission format: DVB-T2 and MPEG-4.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially there were to be three HD services available: <a href="/wiki/BBC_HD" title="BBC HD">BBC HD</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITV_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="ITV HD">ITV HD</a>/<a href="/wiki/STV_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="STV (TV network)">STV HD</a> and <a href="/wiki/Channel_4_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="Channel 4 HD">Channel 4 HD</a>/S4C Clirlun.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Channel 5 HD was due to launch during 2010 but was unable to reach 'key criteria' to keep its slot.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spare allocation on multiplex B was handed over to the BBC, two years to the date when it was anticipated that further capacity on multiplex B would revert to the control of the BBC Trust. On 3 November 2010, <a href="/wiki/BBC_One_HD" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC One HD">BBC One HD</a> launched on Freeview HD.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is available in addition to the existing BBC HD channel. During 2011, <a href="/wiki/Ofcom" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a> gave the Commercial Public Service Broadcasters another opportunity to apply to provide an additional HD service from 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_digital_terrestrial_channels">List of digital terrestrial channels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of digital terrestrial channels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_DTT_channels_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of DTT channels in the United Kingdom">List of DTT channels in the United Kingdom</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Multiplexing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_multiplexes">The multiplexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: The multiplexes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Current multiplexes </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Mux name </th> <th class="wikitable" rowspan="2">Operator </th> <th colspan="2">Broadcast mode </th> <th colspan="2">Bit-rate </th> <th rowspan="2">Notes </th> <th rowspan="2">Non-exhaustive list of channels<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>pre-switchover </th> <th>post-switchover license name </th> <th>post-switchover operating name </th> <th class="wikitable">pre-switchover </th> <th class="wikitable">post-switchover </th> <th class="wikitable">pre-switchover </th> <th class="wikitable">post-switchover </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="1 !">Multiplex 1</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1 !">PSB1</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="1 !">BBC A</span> </td> <td>BBC </td> <td>16-<a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">QAM</a> </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>18 <a href="/wiki/Mbit/s" class="mw-redirect" title="Mbit/s">Mbit/s</a> </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td>Carries all non-HD BBC channels </td> <td>BBC1, BBC2, BBC4, BBC News, CBeebies </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="2 !">Multiplex 2</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">PSB2</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">D3&4</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Digital_3%264" title="Digital 3&4">Digital 3&4</a><br /><small>(an ITV / Channel 4 consortium)</small> </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td> </td> <td>ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5, ITV2, E4, Film4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">Multiplex A</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="4 !">COM4</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="4 !">SDN</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S4C_Digital_Networks" title="S4C Digital Networks">SDN</a><br /><small>(owned by ITV plc)</small> </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td>24 Mbit/s </td> <td> </td> <td>5STAR, 5USA, QVC, U&Drama, Legend, Great! Action </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="4 !">Multiplex B</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">PSB3</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="3 !">BBC B</span> </td> <td>BBC </td> <td>16-QAM </td> <td>256-QAM </td> <td>18 Mbit/s </td> <td>40 Mbit/s </td> <td><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">HD</a> services.<br />Transmits MPEG4 data using <a href="/wiki/DVB-T2" title="DVB-T2">DVB-T2</a> (rather than MPEG2/DVB-T as used on other multiplexes). </td> <td>BBC1 HD, BBC2 HD, ITV HD, Channel 4 HD, Channel 5 HD </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="5 !">Multiplex C</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5 !">COM5</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="5 !">ARQ A</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arqiva" title="Arqiva">Arqiva</a> </td> <td>16-QAM </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>18 Mbit/s </td> <td>27 Mbit/s </td> <td> </td> <td>Challenge, Sky Arts, Sky News, Food Network </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="6 !">Multiplex D</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6 !">COM6</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6 !">ARQ B</span> </td> <td>Arqiva </td> <td>16-QAM </td> <td>64-QAM </td> <td>18 Mbit/s </td> <td>27 Mbit/s </td> <td> </td> <td>Quest, Ideal World, Yesterday, Great! Movies </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Former multiplexes </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Mux name </th> <th rowspan="2">Operator </th> <th rowspan="2">Broadcast mode </th> <th rowspan="2">Bit-rate </th> <th rowspan="2">Notes </th> <th rowspan="2">Ceased </th></tr> <tr> <th>License name </th> <th>Operating name </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="8 !">COM8</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="8 !">ARQ D</span> </td> <td>Arqiva </td> <td>256-QAM </td> <td>40 Mbit/s </td> <td>HD services, MPEG4 </td> <td>22 June 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td>COM7 </td> <td>ARQ C </td> <td>Arqiva </td> <td>256-QAM </td> <td>40 Mbit/s </td> <td>HD services <p>MPEG4 DVB-T2 </p> </td> <td>30 June 2022 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2014, Ofcom decided to reallocate the frequency band used by COM7 and COM8 to make it available for mobile communications<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. This project, known as "700 MHz clearance", was intended to be complete by the second quarter of 2020;<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as of June 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the switch-off is largely complete but the remaining transmitter changes are postponed due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Channels broadcast on the COM8 multiplex were cleared by Arqiva on 22 June 2020, with some services moving to broadcast from COM7 or PSB3.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_multiplexing_technology">Use of multiplexing technology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Use of multiplexing technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Each multiplex is an error-protected <a href="/wiki/Bitstream" title="Bitstream">bitstream</a> of 24, 27 or 40 megabits per second, which can be used for almost any combination of digitally-encoded <a href="/wiki/Video_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Video compression">video</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">audio</a> and data. The DVB-T standard provides a multiplex service that can make trade-offs between the number of services and the picture and audio quality. </p> <ul><li>a number of services use the same <a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" title="Bandwidth (signal processing)">bandwidth</a> at different times. For example, <a href="/wiki/CBeebies" title="CBeebies">CBeebies</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a> currently use the same space in their multiplex, with CBeebies broadcasting from 6<span class="nowrap"> </span>am until 7<span class="nowrap"> </span>pm and BBC Four from 7<span class="nowrap"> </span>pm.</li> <li>some multiplexes allocate more bandwidth to services, providing a smaller number of higher-quality services.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Modulation" title="Modulation">modulation</a> of the multiplexes can be varied to squeeze higher <a href="/wiki/Digital_data" title="Digital data">digital</a> <a href="/wiki/Bitrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitrate">bitrates</a> out of the same portion of the <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum" title="Electromagnetic spectrum">electromagnetic spectrum</a>, but require a stronger signal for good reception. The modulation schemes used in the UK are, in order of bandwidth efficiency, each with a progressively higher bitrate, at the cost of progressively higher likelihood of signal degradation: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_phase-shift_keying" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrature phase-shift keying">QPSK</a> (only used for tests in the Oxford and London areas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">16-QAM</a> (no longer used as of digital switchover)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">64-QAM</a> (only used on the DVB-T multiplex)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">256-QAM</a> (only used on the DVB-T2 multiplex)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">1024-QAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrature_amplitude_modulation" title="Quadrature amplitude modulation">2048-QAM</a> (currently in development)</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd>By late 2009, multiplexes 2 and A used <b>64-QAM</b> and were consequently more prone to poor reception, while the other multiplexes used <b>16-QAM</b>. At switchover the transmission mode was changed from <b>16-QAM</b> to <b>64-QAM</b> on Multiplex 1 (PSB1),<sup id="cite_ref-muxchangeborder_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muxchangeborder-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> increasing the effective bandwidth of the multiplex. The switch to <b>64-QAM</b> mode also provided extra bandwidth on Multiplexes C (COM5) and D (COM6).</dd></dl> <dl><dd>By late 2012, the digital switchover was complete, with all DVB-T multiplexes using <b>64-QAM</b>. The switchover allowed the transmitters to broadcast at a higher power level, reducing the likelihood of reception errors when receiving <b>64-QAM</b> encoded broadcasts.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Multiplexes can make use of <a href="/wiki/Statistical_multiplexing" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistical multiplexing">statistical multiplexing</a> at the <a href="/wiki/MPEG" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG">MPEG</a> video coder whereby the bitrate allocated to a channel within the multiplex can vary dynamically depending on how difficult it is to code the picture content at that precise time, and how much demand there is for bandwidth from other channels. In this way, complex pictures with much detail may demand <a href="/wiki/Variable_bit_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Variable bit rate">a higher bitrate at one instant</a> and this can result in the bitrate allocated to another channel in the same multiplex being reduced if the second channel is currently transmitting pictures which are easier to encode, with less fine detail.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Improvements_in_compression_technology">Improvements in compression technology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Improvements in compression technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Developments in <a href="/wiki/Statistical_multiplexing" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistical multiplexing">statistical multiplexing</a>, improved compression technology, and, in some cases, an acceptance of lower quality or lower resolution broadcasts, allowed gradual increases in the number of services carried on digital terrestrial television multiplexes. </p><p>As the number of homes receiving digital terrestrial grew, the interest in new channel capacity increased. In 2005, the auction for two new slots on National Grid Wireless multiplex D resulted in broadcasters bidding high prices to gain bandwidth. ITV won the bidding for the first slot (on which it launched <a href="/wiki/Men_%26_Motors" title="Men & Motors">Men & Motors</a> on 2 May 2005, replaced by ITV Play and later ITV2+1), and Channel 4 the second. Channel 4 launched <a href="/wiki/E4_(channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="E4 (channel)">E4 +1</a> (not its new channel <a href="/wiki/More4" title="More4">More4</a>) on the multiplex when the slot became available on 1 June (E4 launched on Freeview on 27 May 2005). National Grid Wireless made an additional new slot available on Multiplex D using the new compression techniques. The 18-hour channel, running from 6<span class="nowrap"> </span>am to midnight<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, became available on 1 December 2005. Companies interested had until 1 November to submit their bids, with bids said to have reached £10 million, from an entry level of £5.5 million, with 12 separate bidders covering all sectors of broadcasting. This slot was won by <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>; it was occupied by <a href="/wiki/More4" title="More4">More4</a>+1 until live coverage of <a href="/wiki/Big_Brother_UK_series_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Brother UK series 7">Big Brother</a> replaced it on 18 May 2006. <a href="/wiki/Film4" title="Film4">Film4</a> took over the slot 23 July 2006. </p><p>Later compression technology, implemented in <a href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codecs</a> like MPEG4, <a href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</a> or <a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a>, can enable a substantial increase in either quality or capacity due to their increased efficiency, but use of such technologies would again require most viewers to purchase new reception equipment, since the vast majority of standard set-top boxes support only the older <a href="/wiki/MPEG2" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG2">MPEG2</a> encoding. BSkyB were the first to suggest such a move to increase the number of channels available within their own share of space using MPEG4 on a subscription service.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, BSkyB's proposals were ultimately shelved following regulatory delays.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The BBC, which ultimately broadcast high-definition television on Freeview in the DVB-T2 format adopted in 2009, initially considered an alternative method utilising spare capacity at night to allow the download of high definition programmes for later replay. In addition the BBC's Research and Development team invented a transmission method that doubles the effective bandwidth that could currently be delivered by each multiplex using "<a href="/wiki/Spatial_multiplexing" title="Spatial multiplexing">spatial multiplexing</a>". While conventional analogue and digital terrestrial television signals are transmitted either vertically or horizontally polarised (providing protection against interference from other distant signals which may be transmitted on the same frequency, but will usually be planned to use the opposite polarisation), the proposed technique would have involved using the same frequency to transmit two different signals at once, one vertically and one horizontally polarised. A special receiving aerial, containing both vertically and horizontally polarised elements, could receive both signals simultaneously and feed these to a suitable set top box, but would require new transmitters and receiving equipment and aerials; the technique was ultimately not adopted.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Digital television in the United Kingdom">Digital television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Up_TV" title="Top Up TV">Top Up TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EE_TV" title="EE TV">EE TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freesat" title="Freesat">Freesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="High-definition television in the United Kingdom">High-definition television in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_television_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of British television channels">List of British television channels</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/tv-research/no3factsheet.pdf">http://stakeholders.ofcom.org.uk/binaries/research/tv-research/no3factsheet.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=BSkyB+job+losses+expected+as+Picnic+is+shelved&rft.date=2008-09-12&rft.aulast=Sweney&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2008%2Fsep%2F12%2Fbskyb.television&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+terrestrial+television+in+the+United+Kingdom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_sites">Official sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Official sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131008060736/http://www.digitalswitchover.co.uk/">Digital Switchover UK</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/digital/index.shtml">BBC – Digital – Homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/digital/tv/switchover.shtml">BBC – Digital – Switchover</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freeview.co.uk/">Freeview official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.topuptv.com/">Top Up TV</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitaluk.co.uk/">DigitalUK</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070622023007/http://www.ofcom.org.uk/static/tvlicensing/dtt/main.htm">Ofcom's list of the current licensed digital television services</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ricability-digitaltv.org.uk/">Digital TV Consumer test reports</a> UK Government-funded website to support Digital Switchover</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sites">Other sites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Other sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wolfbane.com/ukdtt.htm">Details of all UK digital transmitters</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="UK_national_newspapers,_magazines,_and_other_periodicals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">UK national newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Newspapers(History,_Circulation)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of newspapers in the United Kingdom">Newspapers</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/History_of_British_newspapers" title="History of British newspapers">History</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_circulation" title="List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation">Circulation</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">Broadsheet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Telegraph" title="The Sunday Telegraph">The Sunday Telegraph</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Compact_(newspaper)" title="Compact (newspaper)">Compact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_(newspaper)" title="I (newspaper)">i</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle-market_newspaper" title="Middle-market newspaper">Middle-market</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mail_on_Sunday" title="The Mail on Sunday">The Mail on Sunday</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tabloid_(newspaper_format)" title="Tabloid (newspaper format)">Tabloid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mirror" title="Sunday Mirror">Sunday Mirror</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morning_Star_(British_newspaper)" title="Morning Star (British newspaper)">Morning Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_People" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sunday People">The Sunday People</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Star_(United_Kingdom)" title="Daily Star (United Kingdom)">Daily Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Star_Sunday" title="Daily Star Sunday">Daily Star Sunday</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Sport" title="Sunday Sport">Sunday Sport</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weekend_Sport_(tabloid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Weekend Sport (tabloid)">Weekend Sport</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midweek_Sport" class="mw-redirect" title="Midweek Sport">Midweek Sport</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magazines and<br />other periodicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_magazines_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of magazines in the United Kingdom">List of magazines in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_magazines_by_circulation#United_Kingdom" title="List of magazines by circulation">List of magazines by circulation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Radio_in_the_UK" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Radio in the United Kingdom">Radio in the UK</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#National_analogue_and_digital_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">National<br />stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio" title="BBC Radio">BBC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1" title="BBC Radio 1">BBC Radio 1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1Xtra" title="BBC Radio 1Xtra">BBC Radio 1Xtra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_2" title="BBC Radio 2">BBC Radio 2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_3" title="BBC Radio 3">BBC Radio 3</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4_Extra" title="BBC Radio 4 Extra">BBC Radio 4 Extra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_5_Live" title="BBC Radio 5 Live">BBC Radio 5 Live</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_5_Sports_Extra" title="BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra">BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_6_Music" title="BBC Radio 6 Music">BBC Radio 6 Music</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Asian_Network" title="BBC Asian Network">BBC Asian Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_World_Service" title="BBC World Service">BBC World Service</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_National_DAB" title="BBC National DAB">BBC National DAB</a> (multiplex)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Independent_National_Radio" title="Independent National Radio">Independent<br />/ commercial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Absolute_Radio_Network" title="Absolute Radio Network">Absolute Radio Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/British_Forces_Broadcasting_Service" title="British Forces Broadcasting Service">BFBS Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Capital_(radio_network)" title="Capital (radio network)">Capital</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Capital_Xtra" title="Capital Xtra">Capital Xtra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Classic_FM_(UK)" title="Classic FM (UK)">Classic FM</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Digital_One" title="Digital One">Digital One</a> (multiplex)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gold_(British_radio_network)" title="Gold (British radio network)">Gold</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio" title="Greatest Hits Radio">Greatest Hits Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Heart_(radio_network)" title="Heart (radio network)">Heart</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hits_Radio" title="Hits Radio">Hits Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jazz_FM_(UK)" title="Jazz FM (UK)">Jazz FM</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Network" title="Kiss Network">Kiss Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/LBC" title="LBC">LBC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/LBC_News" title="LBC News">LBC News</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Magic_(UK_radio_station)" title="Magic (UK radio station)">Magic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Magic_Classical" title="Magic Classical">Magic Classical</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Premier_Christian_Radio" title="Premier Christian Radio">Premier Christian Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/RNIB_Connect_Radio" title="RNIB Connect Radio">RNIB Connect Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sound_Digital" title="Sound Digital">Sound Digital</a> (multiplex)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Smooth_Radio_(2014)" title="Smooth Radio (2014)">Smooth Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Talksport" title="Talksport">talkSPORT</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Talkradio" title="Talkradio">TalkRadio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Times_Radio" title="Times Radio">Times Radio</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_Christian_Broadcasters" title="United Christian Broadcasters">UCB UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Radio_UK" title="Virgin Radio UK">Virgin Radio UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Radio_X_(United_Kingdom)" title="Radio X (United Kingdom)">Radio X</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Local_and_regional_analogue_and_digital_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">Regional<br />and local<br />stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Local_Radio" title="BBC Local Radio">BBC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#BBC_Local_Radio" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of BBC Local Radio stations</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Scotland" title="BBC Radio Scotland">BBC Radio Scotland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_nan_G%C3%A0idheal" title="BBC Radio nan Gàidheal">BBC Radio nan Gàidheal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Ulster" title="BBC Radio Ulster">BBC Radio Ulster</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Foyle" title="BBC Radio Foyle">BBC Radio Foyle</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Wales" title="BBC Radio Wales">BBC Radio Wales</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Cymru" title="BBC Radio Cymru">BBC Radio Cymru</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Cymru_2" title="BBC Radio Cymru 2">Cymru 2</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Local_Radio" title="Independent Local Radio">Independent<br />/ commercial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Community_radio_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of community radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Commercial_radio" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of local commercial radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Semi-national_analogue_and_digital_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of semi-national / regional analogue and digital radio stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Hospital_radio_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of hospital radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_radio_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pirate radio in the United Kingdom">Pirate radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restricted_Service_Licence" title="Restricted Service Licence">Restricted Service Licence</a> (RSL) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#RSL_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of RSL stations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Satellite_radio_stations" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of satellite radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom#Student_and_schools_radio" title="List of radio stations in the United Kingdom">List of student and schools radio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_House" title="Broadcasting House">Broadcasting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting_in_the_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="FM broadcasting in the UK">FM broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock10_(television_facility)" title="Dock10 (television facility)">Dock10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Academy" title="Radio Academy">Radio Academy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Academy_Awards" title="Radio Academy Awards">Radio Academy Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Independents_Group" title="Radio Independents Group">Radio Independents Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAJAR" title="RAJAR">RAJAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-listened-to_radio_programs" title="List of most-listened-to radio programs">Most listened to programmes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Television_in_the_UK" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Television in the United Kingdom">Television in the UK</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Principalchannels(List)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principal<br />channels<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_television_channels_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of television channels in the United Kingdom">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/BBC_Television" title="BBC Television">BBC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Three" title="BBC Three">BBC Three</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Four" title="BBC Four">BBC Four</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News (TV channel)">BBC News</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Parliament" title="BBC Parliament">BBC Parliament</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Alba" title="BBC Alba">BBC Alba</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BBC_Scotland_(TV_channel)" title="BBC Scotland (TV channel)">BBC Scotland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/CBBC" title="CBBC">CBBC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/CBeebies" title="CBeebies">CBeebies</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/ITV1" title="ITV1">ITV1</a>/<a href="/wiki/STV_(TV_channel)" title="STV (TV channel)">STV</a>/<a href="/wiki/UTV_(TV_channel)" title="UTV (TV channel)">UTV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/ITV2" title="ITV2">ITV2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/ITV3" title="ITV3">ITV3</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/ITV4" title="ITV4">ITV4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/ITVBe" title="ITVBe">ITVBe</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Channel_Four_Television_Corporation" title="Channel Four Television Corporation">Channel 4</a>/<a href="/wiki/S4C_Authority" title="S4C Authority">S4C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/S4C" title="S4C">S4C</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/E4_(TV_channel)" title="E4 (TV channel)">E4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/E4_Extra" title="E4 Extra">E4 Extra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Film4" title="Film4">Film4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/More4" title="More4">More4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/4seven" title="4seven">4seven</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Networks_UK_%26_Australia" title="Paramount Networks UK & Australia">Paramount</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Channel_5_(British_TV_channel)" title="Channel 5 (British TV channel)">Channel 5</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/5Star" title="5Star">5Star</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/5USA" title="5USA">5USA</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/5Select" title="5Select">5Select</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/5Action" title="5Action">5Action</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Comedy_Central_(British_TV_channel)" title="Comedy Central (British TV channel)">Comedy Central</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Comedy_Central_Extra" title="Comedy Central Extra">Comedy Central Extra</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/MTV_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="MTV (British and Irish TV channel)">MTV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/MTV_Music_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="MTV Music (British and Irish TV channel)">MTV Music</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/MTV_Hits_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="MTV Hits (British and Irish TV channel)">MTV Hits</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/MTV_80s_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="MTV 80s (British and Irish TV channel)">MTV 80s</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/MTV_90s_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="MTV 90s (British and Irish TV channel)">MTV 90s</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Nickelodeon (British and Irish TV channel)">Nickelodeon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nicktoons_(British_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicktoons (British TV channel)">Nicktoons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nick_Jr._(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Nick Jr. (British and Irish TV channel)">Nick Jr.</a></dd> <dd>Nick Jr. Too</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UK</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Challenge_(TV_channel)" title="Challenge (TV channel)">Challenge</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Arts" title="Sky Arts">Sky Arts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Atlantic" title="Sky Atlantic">Sky Atlantic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Cinema" title="Sky Cinema">Sky Cinema</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Comedy" title="Sky Comedy">Sky Comedy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Crime" title="Sky Crime">Sky Crime</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Documentaries" title="Sky Documentaries">Sky Documentaries</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_(European_TV_channel)" title="History (European TV channel)">Sky History</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/H2_(A%26E_Networks)" title="H2 (A&E Networks)">Sky History 2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Kids_(TV_channel)" title="Sky Kids (TV channel)">Sky Kids</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Max" title="Sky Max">Sky Max</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Mix" title="Sky Mix">Sky Mix</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Nature" title="Sky Nature">Sky Nature</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Replay" title="Sky Replay">Sky Replay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sci-Fi" title="Sky Sci-Fi">Sky Sci-Fi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Showcase" title="Sky Showcase">Sky Showcase</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Box_Office" title="Sky Box Office">Sky Sports Box Office</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sports_F1" title="Sky Sports F1">Sky Sports F1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sports_News" title="Sky Sports News">Sky Sports News</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sports_Racing" title="Sky Sports Racing">Sky Sports Racing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Sports" title="Sky Sports">Sky Sports</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sky_Witness_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sky Witness (TV channel)">Sky Witness</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/UKTV" title="UKTV">UKTV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Alibi" title="U&Alibi">U&Alibi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Dave" title="U&Dave">U&Dave</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Drama" title="U&Drama">U&Drama</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Eden" title="U&Eden">U&Eden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Gold" title="U&Gold">U&Gold</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26W" title="U&W">U&W</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U%26Yesterday" title="U&Yesterday">U&Yesterday</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery_EMEA" title="Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA">Warner Bros. Discovery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Animal_Planet_(British_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal Planet (British TV channel)">Animal Planet</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boomerang_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Boomerang (British and Irish TV channel)">Boomerang</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Network_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Cartoon Network (British and Irish TV channel)">Cartoon Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cartoonito_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Cartoonito (British and Irish TV channel)">Cartoonito</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/CNN_International" title="CNN International">CNN International</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Discovery Channel (British and Irish TV channel)">Discovery Channel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Discovery_History" title="Discovery History">Discovery History</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Science_(European_TV_channel)" title="Discovery Science (European TV channel)">Discovery Science</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Turbo" title="Discovery Turbo">Discovery Turbo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/DMAX_(British_TV_channel)" title="DMAX (British TV channel)">DMAX</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eurosport_1" title="Eurosport 1">Eurosport 1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eurosport_2" title="Eurosport 2">Eurosport 2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Food_Network" title="Food Network">Food Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/HGTV_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="HGTV (British and Irish TV channel)">HGTV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Investigation_Discovery_(European_TV_channel)" title="Investigation Discovery (European TV channel)">Investigation Discovery</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Quest_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quest (TV channel)">Quest</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Quest_Red" title="Quest Red">Quest Red</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Really_(TV_channel)" title="Really (TV channel)">Really</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/TLC_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="TLC (British and Irish TV channel)">TLC</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/TNT_Sports_(United_Kingdom)" title="TNT Sports (United Kingdom)">TNT Sports</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Narrative Entertainment UK Limited</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Great!_Action" title="Great! Action">Great! Action</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great!_Movies" title="Great! Movies">Great! Movies</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great!_Romance" title="Great! Romance">Great! Romance</a></dd> <dd>Great! Real</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Great!_TV" title="Great! TV">Great! TV</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pop_(British_and_Irish_TV_channel)" title="Pop (British and Irish TV channel)">Pop</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pop_Max" title="Pop Max">Pop Max</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services<br />and<br />platforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_iPlayer" title="BBC iPlayer">BBC iPlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_television_by_region#United_Kingdom" title="Cable television by region">cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_4_(VoD_service)" title="Channel 4 (VoD service)">Channel 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Digital television in the United Kingdom">digital</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">digital terrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_DTT_channels_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of DTT channels in the United Kingdom">List of channels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EE_TV" title="EE TV">EE TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freely" title="Freely">Freely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freesat" title="Freesat">Freesat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freesat%2B" title="Freesat+">Freesat+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeview_(UK)" title="Freeview (UK)">Freeview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="High-definition television in the United Kingdom">high-definition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_HD_channels_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of HD channels in the United Kingdom">List of channels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ITVX" title="ITVX">ITVX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STV_Player" title="STV Player">STV Player</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local television in the United Kingdom">local television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My5" title="My5">My5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Now_(streaming_service)" title="Now (streaming service)">Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount%2B" title="Paramount+">Paramount+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Player" title="Pop Player">Pop Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restricted_Service_Licence" title="Restricted Service Licence">Restricted Service Licence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_Kingdom#Satellite_television" title="Television in the United Kingdom">satellite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_free-to-air_channels_at_Astra_28.2%C2%B0E_(Ireland_and_the_United_Kingdom)" title="List of free-to-air channels at Astra 28.2°E (Ireland and the United Kingdom)">List of channels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Group" title="Sky Group">Sky Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freesat_from_Sky" title="Freesat from Sky">Freesat from Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Demand_(Sky)" title="On Demand (Sky)">On Demand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky%2B" title="Sky+">Sky+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky%2B_HD" title="Sky+ HD">Sky+ HD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkTalk_TV" title="TalkTalk TV">TalkTalk TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVPlayer" title="TVPlayer">TVPlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U_(streaming_service)" title="U (streaming service)">U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_TV" title="Virgin TV">Virgin Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FilmFlex" title="FilmFlex">FilmFlex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TiVo" title="TiVo">TiVo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%2B" title="V+">V+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouView" title="YouView">YouView</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analogue_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Analogue television in the United Kingdom">analogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analogue_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Analogue terrestrial television in the United Kingdom">analogue terrestrial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Store" title="BBC Store">BBC Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkTalk_TV_Store" title="TalkTalk TV Store">TalkTalk TV Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film4oD" title="Film4oD">Film4oD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Digital" title="Real Digital">Real Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Up_TV" title="Top Up TV">Top Up TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Studios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3_Mills_Studios" title="3 Mills Studios">3 Mills Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Cymru_Wales_New_Broadcasting_House" title="BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House">BBC Cymru Wales New Broadcasting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Elstree_Centre" title="BBC Elstree Centre">BBC Elstree Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Pacific_Quay" title="BBC Pacific Quay">BBC Pacific Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bottle_Yard_Studios" title="The Bottle Yard Studios">The Bottle Yard Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_House" title="Broadcasting House">Broadcasting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_House,_Belfast" title="Broadcasting House, Belfast">Broadcasting House, Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_House,_Bristol" title="Broadcasting House, Bristol">Broadcasting House, Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock10_(television_facility)" title="Dock10 (television facility)">Dock10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elstree_Studios_(Shenley_Road)" title="Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)">Elstree Studios (Shenley Road)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Street_Studios" title="Gas Street Studios">Gas Street Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Leeds_Studios" title="The Leeds Studios">The Leeds Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Maidstone_Studios" title="The Maidstone Studios">The Maidstone Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailbox_Birmingham" title="Mailbox Birmingham">Mailbox Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaCityUK" title="MediaCityUK">MediaCityUK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granada_Studios" title="Granada Studios">Old Granada Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Studios" title="Riverside Studios">Riverside Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roath_Lock" title="Roath Lock">Roath Lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sharp_Project" title="The Sharp Project">The Sharp Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Campus" title="Sky Campus">Sky Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Studios_Manchester" title="Space Studios Manchester">Space Studios Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_Centre,_London" title="Television Centre, London">Television Centre, London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_House,_Cardiff" title="Broadcasting House, Cardiff">Broadcasting House, Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickenson_Road_Studios" title="Dickenson Road Studios">Dickenson Road Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_Studios" title="Fountain Studios">Fountain Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hospital_Club" title="The Hospital Club">The Hospital Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_Grove_Studios" title="Lime Grove Studios">Lime Grove Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limehouse_Studios" title="Limehouse Studios">Limehouse Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_London_Studios" title="The London Studios">The London Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM-British_Studios" title="MGM-British Studios">MGM-British Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Broadcasting_House,_Manchester" title="New Broadcasting House, Manchester">New Broadcasting House, Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pebble_Mill_Studios" title="Pebble Mill Studios">Pebble Mill Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddington_Studios" title="Teddington Studios">Teddington Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_Centre,_Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Television Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne">Television Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_Centre,_Southampton" title="Television Centre, Southampton">Television Centre, Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Boat_Studios" title="Upper Boat Studios">Upper Boat Studios</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Television in Northern Ireland">Television in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Scotland" title="Television in Scotland">in Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Wales" title="Television in Wales">in Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_TV_channels_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of former TV channels in the United Kingdom">Defunct channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Television_Festival" title="Edinburgh International Television Festival">Edinburgh International Television Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_Kingdom#History" title="Television in the United Kingdom">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_British_television" title="List of years in British television">List of years</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of television stations in the United Kingdom">List of channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_the_United_Kingdom#Viewing_statistics" title="Television in the United Kingdom">Viewing statistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most_watched_television_broadcasts#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of most watched television broadcasts">Most-watched broadcasts</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Companies_and_organisations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Companies and organisations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major<br />companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascential" title="Ascential">Ascential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banijay_UK_Productions" title="Banijay UK Productions">Banijay UK Productions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauer_Media_Audio_UK" title="Bauer Media Audio UK">Bauer Media Audio UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing" title="Bloomsbury Publishing">Bloomsbury Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Group" title="BT Group">BT Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Four_Television_Corporation" title="Channel Four Television Corporation">Channel Four Television Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail_and_General_Trust" title="Daily Mail and General Trust">Daily Mail and General Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentsu_International" title="Dentsu International">Dentsu International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economist_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Economist Group">Economist Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMI_Music_Publishing" title="EMI Music Publishing">EMI Music Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_plc" title="Future plc">Future plc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Media_%26_Entertainment" title="Global Media & Entertainment">Global Media & Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Media_Group" title="Guardian Media Group">Guardian Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_Media_Group" title="Haymarket Media Group">Haymarket Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informa" title="Informa">Informa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITN" title="ITN">ITN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITV_plc" title="ITV plc">ITV plc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narrative_Capital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narrative Capital (page does not exist)">Narrative Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_World" title="National World">National World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_Broadcasting" title="News Broadcasting">News Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News_UK" title="News UK">News UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsquest" title="Newsquest">Newsquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_%26_Shell" title="Northern & Shell">Northern & Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_plc" title="Pearson plc">Pearson plc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Holdings" title="Press Holdings">Press Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reach_plc" title="Reach plc">Reach plc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELX" title="RELX">RELX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Group" title="Sky Group">Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STV_Group" title="STV Group">STV Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syco" class="mw-redirect" title="Syco">Syco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkTalk_Group" title="TalkTalk Group">TalkTalk Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Networks_UK_%26_Australia" title="Paramount Networks UK & Australia">Paramount Networks UK & Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Media_O2" title="Virgin Media O2">Virgin Media O2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company (UK) Ltd.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery_EMEA" title="Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA">Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arqiva" title="Arqiva">Arqiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_book_publishers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of largest book publishers of the United Kingdom">List of largest UK book publishers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government and<br />regulatory bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advertising_Standards_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Advertising Standards Authority (United Kingdom)">Advertising Standards Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Board" title="BBC Board">BBC Board</a> (formerly: <a href="/wiki/BBC_Trust" title="BBC Trust">BBC Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Board_of_Governors_of_the_BBC" title="Board of Governors of the BBC">Board of Governors of the BBC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">British Board of Film Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture,_Media_and_Sport_Committee" title="Culture, Media and Sport Committee">Culture, Media, and Sport Select Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Culture,_Media_and_Sport" title="Department for Culture, Media and Sport">Department for Culture, Media and Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Press_Standards_Organisation" title="Independent Press Standards Organisation">Independent Press Standards Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofcom" title="Ofcom">Ofcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Recognition_Panel" title="Press Recognition Panel">Press Recognition Panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S4C_Authority" title="S4C Authority">S4C Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry and<br />trades bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Academy_of_Film_and_Television_Arts" title="British Academy of Film and Television Arts">British Academy of Film and Television Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Phonographic_Industry" title="British Phonographic Industry">British Phonographic Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting,_Entertainment,_Cinematograph_and_Theatre_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and Theatre Union">Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and Theatre Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearcast" title="Clearcast">Clearcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_TV_Group" title="Digital TV Group">Digital TV Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equity_(trade_union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Equity (trade union)">Equity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everyone_TV" title="Everyone TV">Everyone TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_Against_Copyright_Theft" title="Federation Against Copyright Theft">Federation Against Copyright Theft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Publishers_Guild" title="Independent Publishers Guild">Independent Publishers Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Journalists" title="National Union of Journalists">National Union of Journalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Publishers_Association" title="The Publishers Association">The Publishers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Television_Society" title="Royal Television Society">Royal Television Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Independent_Broadcasting" title="United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting">United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Academy" title="BBC Academy">BBC Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Film_and_Television_School" title="National Film and Television School">National Film and Television School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Science_and_Media_Museum" title="National Science and Media Museum">National Science and Media Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Regional_and_student_media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regional and student media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Media in England <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Birmingham" title="Media in Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_London" title="Media in London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Manchester" title="Media in Manchester">Manchester</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Scotland" title="Media of Scotland">Media in Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Aberdeen" title="Media in Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Dundee" title="Media in Dundee">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Glasgow" title="Media in Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Wales" title="Media of Wales">Media in Wales</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Cardiff" title="Media in Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Student media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Student_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Student television in the United Kingdom">Student television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_student_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of student newspapers in the United Kingdom">Student press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Mass media in the United Kingdom">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_transmitter_and_major_relay_sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Television_transmitters_in_the_UK" title="Template:Television transmitters in the UK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Television_transmitters_in_the_UK" title="Template talk:Television transmitters in the UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Television_transmitters_in_the_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Television transmitters in the UK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_transmitter_and_major_relay_sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Television transmitter and major relay sites in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mendlesham_transmitting_station" title="Mendlesham transmitting station">Mendlesham</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Heath_transmitting_station" title="Sandy Heath transmitting station">Sandy Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury_transmitting_station" title="Sudbury transmitting station">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacolneston_transmitting_station" title="Tacolneston transmitting station">Tacolneston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_transmitting_station" title="Belmont transmitting station">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham_transmitting_station" title="Waltham transmitting station">Waltham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greater London</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Palace_television_station" title="Alexandra Palace television station">Alexandra Palace</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Croydon_transmitting_station" title="Croydon transmitting station">Croydon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_transmitting_station" title="Crystal Palace transmitting station">Crystal Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Burnhope_transmitting_station" title="Burnhope transmitting station">Burnhope</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatton_transmitting_station" title="Chatton transmitting station">Chatton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontop_Pike_transmitting_station" title="Pontop Pike transmitting station">Pontop Pike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldbeck_transmitting_station" title="Caldbeck transmitting station">Caldbeck</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sandale_transmitting_station" title="Sandale transmitting station">Sandale</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storeton_transmitting_station" title="Storeton transmitting station">Storeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Winter Hill transmitting station">Winter Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bluebell_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Bluebell Hill transmitting station">Bluebell Hill</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chillerton_Down_transmitting_station" title="Chillerton Down transmitting station">Chillerton Down</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_transmitting_station" title="Dover transmitting station">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannington_transmitting_station" title="Hannington transmitting station">Hannington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathfield_transmitting_station" title="Heathfield transmitting station">Heathfield</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Membury_transmitting_station" title="Membury transmitting station">Membury</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midhurst_transmitting_station" title="Midhurst transmitting station">Midhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_transmitting_station" title="Oxford transmitting station">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowridge_transmitting_station" title="Rowridge transmitting station">Rowridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehawk_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Whitehawk Hill transmitting station">Whitehawk Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrotham_transmitting_station" title="Wrotham transmitting station">Wrotham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Beacon Hill transmitting station">Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradon_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Caradon Hill transmitting station">Caradon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntshaw_Cross_transmitting_station" title="Huntshaw Cross transmitting station">Huntshaw Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendip_transmitting_station" title="Mendip transmitting station">Mendip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Hessary_Tor_transmitting_station" title="North Hessary Tor transmitting station">North Hessary Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redruth_transmitting_station" title="Redruth transmitting station">Redruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockland_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Stockland Hill transmitting station">Stockland Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washford_transmitting_station" title="Washford transmitting station">Washford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West Midlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lichfield_transmitting_station" title="Lichfield transmitting station">Lichfield</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridge_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Ridge Hill transmitting station">Ridge Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Coldfield_transmitting_station" title="Sutton Coldfield transmitting station">Sutton Coldfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wrekin_transmitting_station" title="The Wrekin transmitting station">The Wrekin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yorkshire and the Humber</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilsdale_transmitting_station" title="Bilsdale transmitting station">Bilsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emley_Moor_transmitting_station" title="Emley Moor transmitting station">Emley Moor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Holme_Moss_transmitting_station" title="Holme Moss transmitting station">Holme Moss</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver%27s_Mount" title="Oliver's Mount">Oliver's Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapton_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Tapton Hill transmitting station">Sheffield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scotland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angus_transmitting_station" title="Angus transmitting station">Angus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Black Hill transmitting station">Black Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bressay_transmitting_station" title="Bressay transmitting station">Bressay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigkelly_transmitting_station" title="Craigkelly transmitting station">Craigkelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darvel_transmitting_station" title="Darvel transmitting station">Darvel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durris_transmitting_station" title="Durris transmitting station">Durris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eitshal_transmitting_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eitshal transmitting station (page does not exist)">Eitshal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keelylang_Hill_transmitting_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keelylang Hill transmitting station (page does not exist)">Keelylang Hill</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kirk_o%27_Shotts_transmitting_station" title="Kirk o' Shotts transmitting station">Kirk o' Shotts</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock_More_transmitting_station" title="Knock More transmitting station">Knock More</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meldrum_transmitting_station" title="Meldrum transmitting station">Meldrum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mounteagle_transmitting_station" title="Mounteagle transmitting station">Mounteagle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemarkie_transmitting_station" title="Rosemarkie transmitting station">Rosemarkie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumster_Forest_transmitting_station" title="Rumster Forest transmitting station">Rumster Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkirk_transmitting_station" title="Selkirk transmitting station">Selkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skriaig_transmitting_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skriaig transmitting station (page does not exist)">Skriaig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torosay_transmitting_station" title="Torosay transmitting station">Torosay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arfon_transmitting_station" title="Arfon transmitting station">Arfon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaenplwyf_transmitting_station" title="Blaenplwyf transmitting station">Blaenplwyf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmel_transmitting_station" title="Carmel transmitting station">Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferryside_television_relay_station" title="Ferryside television relay station">Ferryside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverfordwest_transmitting_station" title="Haverfordwest transmitting station">Haverfordwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilvey_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Kilvey Hill transmitting station">Kilvey Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanddona_transmitting_station" title="Llanddona transmitting station">Llanddona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moel-y-Parc_transmitting_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Moel-y-Parc transmitting station">Moel-y-Parc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preseli_transmitting_station" title="Preseli transmitting station">Preseli</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/St_Hilary_transmitting_station" title="St Hilary transmitting station">St Hilary</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenvoe_transmitting_station" title="Wenvoe transmitting station">Wenvoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham-Rhos_transmitting_station" title="Wrexham-Rhos transmitting station">Wrexham-Rhos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mountain_transmitting_station" title="Black Mountain transmitting station">Black Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brougher_Mountain_transmitting_station" title="Brougher Mountain transmitting station">Brougher Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divis_transmitting_station" title="Divis transmitting station">Divis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limavady_transmitting_station" title="Limavady transmitting station">Limavady</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Londonderry_transmitting_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Londonderry transmitting station (page does not exist)">Londonderry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strabane_transmitting_station" title="Strabane transmitting station">Strabane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Channel Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fremont_Point_transmitting_station" title="Fremont Point transmitting station">Fremont Point</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_Platons" title="Les Platons">Les Platons</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Isle of Man</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglas_transmitting_station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglas transmitting station (page does not exist)">Douglas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> denotes a transmitter no longer used for transmitting television signals</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Digital terrestrial television in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Albania (page does not exist)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Austria (page does not exist)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Belarus (page does not exist)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Belgium (page does not exist)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Bosnia and Herzegovina (page does not exist)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Bulgaria" title="Digital terrestrial television in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Croatia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Croatia (page does not exist)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Cyprus" title="Digital terrestrial television in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Denmark" title="Digital terrestrial television in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Estonia" title="Digital terrestrial television in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Finland" title="Digital terrestrial television in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Greece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Greece (page does not exist)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Hungary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Hungary (page does not exist)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Iceland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Iceland (page does not exist)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Digital terrestrial television in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Latvia (page does not exist)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Lithuania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Lithuania (page does not exist)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Luxembourg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Luxembourg (page does not exist)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_North_Macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Norway (page does not exist)">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Portugal" title="Digital terrestrial television in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Romania (page does not exist)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Serbia (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Slovakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Slovakia (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Slovenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Slovenia (page does not exist)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Spain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Spain (page does not exist)">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Sweden" title="Digital terrestrial television in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Switzerland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Switzerland (page does not exist)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Turkey (page does not exist)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital terrestrial television in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital terrestrial television in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1246402852">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1246402852</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Digital_television_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Digital television in the United Kingdom">Digital television in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a 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