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id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-구성" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#구성"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>구성</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-구성-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-상처" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#상처"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>상처</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-상처-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>상처 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-상처-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-상처닫기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#상처닫기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>상처닫기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-상처닫기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">나무껍질</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 82개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas" title="Bas – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="لحاء – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لحاء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corteza" title="Corteza – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Corteza" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orakeskw" title="Orakeskw – 아티카메쿠어" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Orakeskw" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="아티카메쿠어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BD%C4%97ivie" title="Žėivie – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žėivie" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubak" title="Ubak – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ubak" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Кара (біялогія) – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кара (біялогія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babakan" title="Babakan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Babakan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Кора – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кора" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulipak" title="Kulipak – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kulipak" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2" title="বাকল – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাকল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kora" title="Kora – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kora" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escor%C3%A7a_(anatomia_vegetal)" title="Escorça (anatomia vegetal) – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escorça (anatomia vegetal)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borka" title="Borka – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Borka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%80" title="Хуйăр – 추바시어" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хуйăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="추바시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark_(plantedel)" title="Bark (plantedel) – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bark (plantedel)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinde" title="Rinde – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rinde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark_(botany)" title="Bark (botany) – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bark (botany)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbo%C5%9Delo" title="Arboŝelo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arboŝelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corteza" title="Corteza – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corteza" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puukoor" title="Puukoor – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Puukoor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azal_(botanika)" title="Azal (botanika) – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Azal (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="پوست درخت – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پوست درخت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarna" title="Kaarna – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaarna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89corce" title="Écorce – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Écorce" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skors" title="Skors – 서부 프리지아어" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skors" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="서부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BAsc" title="Rúsc – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rúsc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B9sg" title="Rùsg – 스코틀랜드 게일어" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rùsg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드 게일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casca_(bot%C3%A1nica)" title="Casca (botánica) – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Casca (botánica)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94_(%D7%91%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94)" title="קליפה (בוטניקה) – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קליפה (בוטניקה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="छाल – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="छाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kora_(biljke)" title="Kora (biljke) – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kora (biljke)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9reg" title="Kéreg – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kéreg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D6%87" title="Կեղև – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կեղև" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepagan" title="Pepagan – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pepagan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82" title="Коаст – 인귀시어" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Коаст" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="인귀시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rkur" title="Börkur – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Börkur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corteccia_(botanica)" title="Corteccia (botanica) – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corteccia (botanica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E7%9A%AE" title="樹皮 – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="樹皮" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klika" title="Klika – 자바어" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Klika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="자바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiginit" title="Tiginit – 커바일어" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tiginit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="커바일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86" title="ತೊಗಟೆ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತೊಗಟೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortex" title="Cortex – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cortex" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomposo_la_mwet%C3%A9" title="Lomposo la mweté – 링갈라어" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Lomposo la mweté" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="링갈라어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDiev%C4%97" title="Žievė – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žievė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miza" title="Miza – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Miza" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Чувтокерь – 엘즈야어" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чувтокерь" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="엘즈야어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schors" title="Schors – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schors" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bork" title="Bork – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bork" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" title="Bark – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bark" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusca" title="Rusca – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rusca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95_(%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8)" title="ਸੱਕ (ਵਨਸਪਤੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ) – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੱਕ (ਵਨਸਪਤੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kora" title="Kora – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kora" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAber" title="Súber – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Súber" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yura_qara" title="Yura qara – 케추아어" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yura qara" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="케추아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoar%C8%9B%C4%83_(%C8%9Besut)" title="Scoarță (țesut) – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scoarță (țesut)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="추천 항목"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Кора – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scorcia_(curteccia)" title="Scorcia (curteccia) – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scorcia (curteccia)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kora_(biljke)" title="Kora (biljke) – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kora (biljke)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" title="Bark – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bark" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borka" title="Borka – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Borka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubje" title="Lubje – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lubje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwati_reMuti" title="Gwati reMuti – 쇼나어" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Gwati reMuti" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="쇼나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Кора (ботаника) – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кора (ботаника)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" title="Bark – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bark" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gome" title="Gome – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Gome" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/paduh" title="paduh – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="paduh" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88" title="மரப்பட்டை – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மரப்பட்டை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/yulaq" title="yulaq – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="yulaq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="బెరడు – 텔루구어" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బెరడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="텔루구어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banakal" title="Banakal – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Banakal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridermis" title="Peridermis – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Peridermis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кора рослин – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кора рослин" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%CA%BBstloq" title="Poʻstloq – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Poʻstloq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cort%C3%A9cia_(bot%C3%A0nega)" title="Cortécia (botànega) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cortécia (botànega)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%8F_c%C3%A2y" title="Vỏ cây – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vỏ cây" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoice" title="Schoice – 왈론어" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Schoice" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="왈론어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%91%E7%9A%AE" title="树皮 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="树皮" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A2" title="קארע – 이디시어" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קארע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="이디시어" 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공용</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q184453" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg/300px-Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg/450px-Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg/600px-Detaching_inner_bark_of_pine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>소나무 껍질은 기근 때 구황식물로 사용되기도 했다.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>나무껍질</b> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B4%80%EB%8B%A4%EB%B0%9C" title="관다발">유관속</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%95%EC%84%B1%EC%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="형성층">형성층</a> 바깥부에 있는 모든 조직을 통틀어 부르는 명칭으로<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, 흔히 <b>수피</b>(樹皮)로도 부른다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="구성"><span id=".EA.B5.AC.EC.84.B1"></span>구성</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 구성"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>성숙한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EC%A4%84%EA%B8%B0" title="나무줄기">나무줄기</a>·내수피(<a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%B4%EA%B4%80" class="mw-redirect" title="체관">체관</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="코르크">주피</a>로 구성), 조피(맨 바깥부의 단단한 바깥나무껍질)로 구성되어 있다. 여기에서 주피와 조피는 나무의 수분손실을 방지하고, 바깥의 충격이나 병원균의 침입 시도를 막는 역할을 한다. </p><p>나무껍질에는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AD%87%EC%9E%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="나뭇잎">나뭇잎</a>에서 볼 수 있는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EA%B3%B5_(%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99)" title="기공 (식물학)">기공</a>처럼 숨을 쉴 수 있게 해주는 조직이 있는데, 그것은 바로 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EB%AA%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="피목">피목</a>이라 하며 다른 목질부분과는 달리 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EB%B3%80%EC%84%B8%ED%8F%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="공변세포">공변세포</a>처럼 비교적 세포가 엉성하게 배열되어 있다. 이들 배치는 작은 구멍들을 여럿 이루어 나무의 공기 유통을 원활하게 해준다. </p><p>어린 줄기에는 표피, <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%EC%B8%B5" title="피층">피층</a>, 1차 사부(체관)로 구성된다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="상처"><span id=".EC.83.81.EC.B2.98"></span>상처</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 상처"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>나무가 생장하면서 주변의 환경과 사물에 의해 여러 피해를 입는데, 그 중에서도 나무껍질은 꽤나 여러 종류의 피해를 맞이한다. 보통 차량 충돌, 볕뎀이나, 상렬, 가지치기 실수로 인한 부후에서 원인이 나오기도 하며 이외에도 여러 가지 생물적·기후적·인위적 상호작용으로 인해 줄기의 껍질이 벗겨지는 일들이 일어나는데, 이는 다음과 같다.<sup id="cite_ref-“1”_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“1”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <ul><li>인위적 원인 <ul><li>사람의 활동이나 탈것으로 인함(차량, 중장비, 예초기 등의 충돌 또는 접촉)</li> <li>큰 나무를 수송 차량에 실어 온반 중 생긴 기계 마찰</li> <li>큰 나무 이식 중 밧줄을 잘못 감거나, 잘못된 지주와 당김줄 설치</li></ul></li> <li>기상 원인 <ul><li>볕데기(피소): 남서쪽 목질부가 태양열로 인해 세로 방향으로 갈라지면서 수피가 벗겨진다. 주변에 타서 그을린 듯한 흔적이 있다.</li> <li>상렬: 남서쪽 수피와 목질부가 세로 방향으로 길게 갈라터지면서 수피가 벗겨짐</li> <li>풍해: 태풍 등으로 인한 광풍으로 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AD%87%EA%B0%80%EC%A7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="나뭇가지">나뭇가지</a>들이 부러지면서 수피가 벗겨짐</li> <li>관설해: 눈의 무게를 이기지 못한 나뭇가지들이 부러지면서 수피가 벗겨짐</li> <li>낙뢰해: 나무가 번개를 맞아 수피에 지그재그 모양의 상처가 생김</li></ul></li> <li>생물적 원인 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A3%A8" title="노루">노루</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%96%91" title="산양">산양</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%A7%EB%8F%BC%EC%A7%80" title="멧돼지">멧돼지</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%81%BC" title="토끼">토끼</a>의 식해로 인해 수피가 벗겨짐.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="상처닫기"><span id=".EC.83.81.EC.B2.98.EB.8B.AB.EA.B8.B0"></span>상처닫기</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 상처닫기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>나무껍질은 나무의 일부가 형성층까지 파괴될 정도로 심각할 피해를 입었을 때에 여러 해가 걸릴 정도로 느리지만 상처를 복구하려고 시도하려 하지만 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC" title="동물">동물</a>처럼 일부 일어버린 부분을 완전히 메꾸는 것이 아닌, 일명 '상처닫기'를 통해 '치유'하려는 시도를 한다.<sup id="cite_ref-“1”_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“1”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 형성층의 일종인 유합조직(캘러스)이 상처 주변에서 발달하여 부풀어 올라 말 그대로 상처 부위를 덮고 다시 수피와 목질부로 변형되어 병원균의 침투를 막는다.<sup id="cite_ref-“1”_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“1”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 그러나, 이 상처 부위가 너무 크거나 나무 위쪽을 향해 있어 물이 자주 고이게 되면 나무의 부후가 시작되어 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B0%ED%8C%A1%EC%9D%B4" title="곰팡이">곰팡이</a>나 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%EC%84%AF" title="버섯">버섯</a>이 피게 되어 심하면 고사하게 된다. 수피의 상처가 아무는 속도는 나무의 건강과 밀접한 관계가 있는데, 나무의 건강이 좋고 활동량도 많을수록 상처가 주변부에 생긴 유합조직의 생장의 활성화가 촉진받는 반면, 나무의 활동성이 떨어지고 힘이 약한 나무는 유합조직의 발달 또한 약해져 건강목에 비해 수 배에서 수 십 배나 차이가 날 정도로 치유 속도가 떨어져 병원균의 침입이 쉬워진다.<sup id="cite_ref-“1”_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“1”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EC%A4%84%EA%B8%B0" title="나무줄기">나무줄기</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%AD%87%EA%B0%80%EC%A7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="나뭇가지">나뭇가지</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Raven, Peter H; Evert, Ray F; Curtis, Helena (1981). 《Biology of Plants》 (영어). New York, N.Y.: Worth Publishers. 641쪽. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/0-87901-132-7" title="특수:책찾기/0-87901-132-7"><bdi>0-87901-132-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8_%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80_%EC%84%BC%ED%84%B0" title="온라인 컴퓨터 도서관 센터">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/222047616">222047616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biology+of+Plants&rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y.&rft.pages=641&rft.pub=Worth+Publishers&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F222047616&rft.isbn=0-87901-132-7&rft.aulast=Raven&rft.aufirst=Peter+H&rft.au=Evert%2C+Ray+F&rft.au=Curtis%2C+Helena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-“1”-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-“1”_2-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-“1”_2-1">나</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-“1”_2-2">다</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-“1”_2-3">라</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">이종규; 차병진; 신현동; 나용준 (2017). 《신고 수목병리학》. 서울특별시: 향문사. 64-65쪽. <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/978-89-7187-251-2" title="특수:책찾기/978-89-7187-251-2"><bdi>978-89-7187-251-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EC%8B%A0%EA%B3%A0+%EC%88%98%EB%AA%A9%EB%B3%91%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99&rft.place=%EC%84%9C%EC%9A%B8%ED%8A%B9%EB%B3%84%EC%8B%9C&rft.pages=64-65&rft.pub=%ED%96%A5%EB%AC%B8%EC%82%AC&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-89-7187-251-2&rft.au=%EC%9D%B4%EC%A2%85%EA%B7%9C&rft.au=%EC%B0%A8%EB%B3%91%EC%A7%84&rft.au=%EC%8B%A0%ED%98%84%EB%8F%99&rft.au=%EB%82%98%EC%9A%A9%EC%A4%80&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EB%82%98%EB%AC%B4%EA%BB%8D%EC%A7%88" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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