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Search results for: recognition and compression
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2572</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: recognition and compression</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2572</span> Theory and Practice of Wavelets in Signal Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Karam">Jalal Karam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The methods of Fourier, Laplace, and Wavelet Transforms provide transfer functions and relationships between the input and the output signals in linear time invariant systems. This paper shows the equivalence among these three methods and in each case presenting an application of the appropriate (Fourier, Laplace or Wavelet) to the convolution theorem. In addition, it is shown that the same holds for a direct integration method. The Biorthogonal wavelets Bior3.5 and Bior3.9 are examined and the zeros distribution of their polynomials associated filters are located. This paper also presents the significance of utilizing wavelets as effective tools in processing speech signals for common multimedia applications in general, and for recognition and compression in particular. Theoretically and practically, wavelets have proved to be effective and competitive. The practical use of the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) in processing and analysis of speech is then presented along with explanations of how the human ear can be thought of as a natural wavelet transformer of speech. This generates a variety of approaches for applying the (CWT) to many paradigms analysing speech, sound and music. For perception, the flexibility of implementation of this transform allows the construction of numerous scales and we include two of them. Results for speech recognition and speech compression are then included. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20wavelet%20transform" title="continuous wavelet transform">continuous wavelet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biorthogonal%20wavelets" title=" biorthogonal wavelets"> biorthogonal wavelets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20perception" title=" speech perception"> speech perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20compression" title=" recognition and compression"> recognition and compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5822/theory-and-practice-of-wavelets-in-signal-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2571</span> GPU Accelerated Fractal Image Compression for Medical Imaging in Parallel Computing Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Enamul%20Haque">Md. Enamul Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Al%20Kaisan"> Abdullah Al Kaisan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmudur%20R.%20Saniat"> Mahmudur R. Saniat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aminur%20Rahman"> Aminur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have implemented both sequential and parallel version of fractal image compression algorithms using CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) programming model for parallelizing the program in Graphics Processing Unit for medical images, as they are highly similar within the image itself. There is several improvements in the implementation of the algorithm as well. Fractal image compression is based on the self similarity of an image, meaning an image having similarity in majority of the regions. We take this opportunity to implement the compression algorithm and monitor the effect of it using both parallel and sequential implementation. Fractal compression has the property of high compression rate and the dimensionless scheme. Compression scheme for fractal image is of two kinds, one is encoding and another is decoding. Encoding is very much computational expensive. On the other hand decoding is less computational. The application of fractal compression to medical images would allow obtaining much higher compression ratios. While the fractal magnification an inseparable feature of the fractal compression would be very useful in presenting the reconstructed image in a highly readable form. However, like all irreversible methods, the fractal compression is connected with the problem of information loss, which is especially troublesome in the medical imaging. A very time consuming encoding process, which can last even several hours, is another bothersome drawback of the fractal compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20GPU" title="accelerated GPU">accelerated GPU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CUDA" title=" CUDA"> CUDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20computing" title=" parallel computing"> parallel computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20image%20compression" title=" fractal image compression"> fractal image compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5645/gpu-accelerated-fractal-image-compression-for-medical-imaging-in-parallel-computing-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2570</span> Image Compression Using Block Power Method for SVD Decomposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Asnaoui%20Khalid">El Asnaoui Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chawki%20Youness"> Chawki Youness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aksasse%20Brahim"> Aksasse Brahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouanan%20Mohammed"> Ouanan Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In these recent decades, the important and fast growth in the development and demand of multimedia products is contributing to an insufficient in the bandwidth of device and network storage memory. Consequently, the theory of data compression becomes more significant for reducing the data redundancy in order to save more transfer and storage of data. In this context, this paper addresses the problem of the lossless and the near-lossless compression of images. This proposed method is based on Block SVD Power Method that overcomes the disadvantages of Matlab's SVD function. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a better compression performance compared with the existing compression algorithms that use the Matlab's SVD function. In addition, the proposed approach is simple and can provide different degrees of error resilience, which gives, in a short execution time, a better image compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20compression" title="image compression">image compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVD" title=" SVD"> SVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20SVD%20power%20method" title=" block SVD power method"> block SVD power method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lossless%20compression" title=" lossless compression"> lossless compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20lossless" title=" near lossless"> near lossless</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34041/image-compression-using-block-power-method-for-svd-decomposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2569</span> A Recognition Method of Ancient Yi Script Based on Deep Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanxiong%20Chen">Shanxiong Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Han"> Xu Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaolong%20Wang"> Xiaolong Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Ma"> Hui Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Yi is an ethnic group mainly living in mainland China, with its own spoken and written language systems, after development of thousands of years. Ancient Yi is one of the six ancient languages in the world, which keeps a record of the history of the Yi people and offers documents valuable for research into human civilization. Recognition of the characters in ancient Yi helps to transform the documents into an electronic form, making their storage and spreading convenient. Due to historical and regional limitations, research on recognition of ancient characters is still inadequate. Thus, deep learning technology was applied to the recognition of such characters. Five models were developed on the basis of the four-layer convolutional neural network (CNN). Alpha-Beta divergence was taken as a penalty term to re-encode output neurons of the five models. Two fully connected layers fulfilled the compression of the features. Finally, at the softmax layer, the orthographic features of ancient Yi characters were re-evaluated, their probability distributions were obtained, and characters with features of the highest probability were recognized. Tests conducted show that the method has achieved higher precision compared with the traditional CNN model for handwriting recognition of the ancient Yi. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition" title="recognition">recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20character" title=" Yi character"> Yi character</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divergence" title=" divergence "> divergence </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103578/a-recognition-method-of-ancient-yi-script-based-on-deep-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2568</span> Comparison of Compression Properties of Stretchable Knitted Fabrics and Bi-Stretch Woven Fabrics for Compression Garments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Maqsood">Muhammad Maqsood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20Nawab"> Yasir Nawab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Talha%20Ali%20Hamdani"> Syed Talha Ali Hamdani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stretchable fabrics have diverse applications ranging from casual apparel to performance sportswear and compression therapy. Compression therapy is the universally accepted treatment for the management of hypertrophic scarring after severe burns. Mostly stretchable knitted fabrics are used in compression therapy but in the recent past, some studies have also been found on bi-stretch woven fabrics being used as compression garments as they also have been found quite effective in the treatment of oedema. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to compare the compression properties of stretchable knitted and bi-stretch woven fabrics for compression garments. For this purpose four woven structures and four knitted structures were produced having the same areal density and their compression, comfort and mechanical properties were compared before and after 5, 10 and 15 washes. Four knitted structures used were single jersey, single locaste, plain pique and the honeycomb, whereas four woven structures produced were 1/1 plain, 2/1 twill, 3/1 twill and 4/1 twill. The compression properties of the produced samples were tested by using kikuhime pressure sensor and it was found that bi-stretch woven fabrics possessed better compression properties before and after washes and retain their durability after repeated use, whereas knitted stretchable fabrics lost their compression ability after repeated use and the required sub garment pressure of the knitted structures after 15 washes was almost half to that of woven bi-stretch fabrics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20garments" title="compression garments">compression garments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knitted%20structures" title=" knitted structures"> knitted structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20textiles" title=" medical textiles"> medical textiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woven%20bi-stretch" title=" woven bi-stretch"> woven bi-stretch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39769/comparison-of-compression-properties-of-stretchable-knitted-fabrics-and-bi-stretch-woven-fabrics-for-compression-garments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2567</span> A High Compression Ratio for a Losseless Image Compression Based on the Arithmetic Coding with the Sorted Run Length Coding: Meteosat Second Generation Image Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherifi%20Mehdi">Cherifi Mehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lahdir%20Mourad"> Lahdir Mourad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameur%20Soltane"> Ameur Soltane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image compression is the heart of several multimedia techniques. It is used to reduce the number of bits required to represent an image. Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite allows the acquisition of 12 image files every 15 minutes and that results in a large databases sizes. In this paper, a novel image compression method based on the arithmetic coding with the sorted Run Length Coding (SRLC) for MSG images is proposed. The SRLC allows us to find the occurrence of the consecutive pixels of the original image to create a sorted run. The arithmetic coding allows the encoding of the sorted data of the previous stage to retrieve a unique code word that represents a binary code stream in the sorted order to boost the compression ratio. Through this article, we show that our method can perform the best results concerning compression ratio and bit rate unlike the method based on the Run Length Coding (RLC) and the arithmetic coding. Evaluation criteria like the compression ratio and the bit rate allow the confirmation of the efficiency of our method of image compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20compression" title="image compression">image compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arithmetic%20coding" title=" arithmetic coding"> arithmetic coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Run%20Length%20Coding" title=" Run Length Coding"> Run Length Coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RLC" title=" RLC"> RLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sorted%20Run%20Length%20Coding" title=" Sorted Run Length Coding"> Sorted Run Length Coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRLC" title=" SRLC"> SRLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meteosat%20Second%20Generation" title=" Meteosat Second Generation"> Meteosat Second Generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSG" title=" MSG"> MSG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16704/a-high-compression-ratio-for-a-losseless-image-compression-based-on-the-arithmetic-coding-with-the-sorted-run-length-coding-meteosat-second-generation-image-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2566</span> Medical Image Compression Based on Region of Interest: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudeepti%20Dayal">Sudeepti Dayal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelesh%20Gupta"> Neelesh Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In terms of transmission, bigger the size of any image, longer the time the channel takes for transmission. It is understood that the bandwidth of the channel is fixed. Therefore, if the size of an image is reduced, a larger number of data or images can be transmitted over the channel. Compression is the technique used to reduce the size of an image. In terms of storage, compression reduces the file size which it occupies on the disk. Any image is based on two parameters, region of interest and non-region of interest. There are several algorithms of compression that compress the data more economically. In this paper we have reviewed region of interest and non-region of interest based compression techniques and the algorithms which compress the image most efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20ratio" title="compression ratio">compression ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=region%20of%20interest" title=" region of interest"> region of interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DCT" title=" DCT"> DCT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DWT" title=" DWT"> DWT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43380/medical-image-compression-based-on-region-of-interest-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2565</span> QCARNet: Networks for Quality-Adaptive Compression Artifact</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Ho%20Park">Seung Ho Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Su%20Moon"> Young Su Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam%20Ik%20Cho"> Nam Ik Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose a convolution neural network (CNN) for quality adaptive compression artifact reduction named QCARNet. The proposed method is different from the existing discriminative models that learn a specific model at a certain quality level. The method is composed of a quality estimation CNN (QECNN) and a compression artifact reduction CNN (CARCNN), which are two functionally separate CNNs. By connecting the QECNN and CARCNN, each CARCNN layer is able to adaptively reduce compression artifacts and preserve details depending on the estimated quality level map generated by the QECNN. We experimentally demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better performance compared to other state-of-the-art blind compression artifact reduction methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20artifact%20reduction" title="compression artifact reduction">compression artifact reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deblocking" title=" deblocking"> deblocking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20denoising" title=" image denoising"> image denoising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20restoration" title=" image restoration"> image restoration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108816/qcarnet-networks-for-quality-adaptive-compression-artifact" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2564</span> Compression Index Estimation by Water Content and Liquid Limit and Void Ratio Using Statistics Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lizhou%20Chen">Lizhou Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Belgaid"> Abdelhamid Belgaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assem%20Elsayed"> Assem Elsayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoming%20Yang"> Xiaoming Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Compression index is essential in foundation settlement calculation. The traditional method for determining compression index is consolidation test which is expensive and time consuming. Many researchers have used regression methods to develop empirical equations for predicting compression index from soil properties. Based on a large number of compression index data collected from consolidation tests, the accuracy of some popularly empirical equations were assessed. It was found that primary compression index is significantly overestimated in some equations while it is underestimated in others. The sensitivity analyses of soil parameters including water content, liquid limit and void ratio were performed. The results indicate that the compression index obtained from void ratio is most accurate. The ANOVA (analysis of variance) demonstrates that the equations with multiple soil parameters cannot provide better predictions than the equations with single soil parameter. In other words, it is not necessary to develop the relationships between compression index and multiple soil parameters. Meanwhile, it was noted that secondary compression index is approximately 0.7-5.0% of primary compression index with an average of 2.0%. In the end, the proposed prediction equations using power regression technique were provided that can provide more accurate predictions than those from existing equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20index" title="compression index">compression index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20compression%20index" title=" secondary compression index"> secondary compression index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20parameter" title=" soil parameter"> soil parameter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111582/compression-index-estimation-by-water-content-and-liquid-limit-and-void-ratio-using-statistics-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2563</span> Handwriting Recognition of Gurmukhi Script: A Survey of Online and Offline Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravneet%20Kaur">Ravneet Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Character recognition is a very interesting area of pattern recognition. From past few decades, an intensive research on character recognition for Roman, Chinese, and Japanese and Indian scripts have been reported. In this paper, a review of Handwritten Character Recognition work on Indian Script Gurmukhi is being highlighted. Most of the published papers were summarized, various methodologies were analysed and their results are reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurmukhi%20character%20recognition" title="Gurmukhi character recognition">Gurmukhi character recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online" title=" online"> online</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline" title=" offline"> offline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCR%20survey" title=" HCR survey"> HCR survey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46337/handwriting-recognition-of-gurmukhi-script-a-survey-of-online-and-offline-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2562</span> OCR/ICR Text Recognition Using ABBYY FineReader as an Example Text</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Bagirzade">A. R. Bagirzade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sh.%20Najafova"> A. Sh. Najafova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Yessirkepova"> S. M. Yessirkepova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20S.%20Albert"> E. S. Albert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article describes a text recognition method based on Optical Character Recognition (OCR). The features of the OCR method were examined using the ABBYY FineReader program. It describes automatic text recognition in images. OCR is necessary because optical input devices can only transmit raster graphics as a result. Text recognition describes the task of recognizing letters shown as such, to identify and assign them an assigned numerical value in accordance with the usual text encoding (ASCII, Unicode). The peculiarity of this study conducted by the authors using the example of the ABBYY FineReader, was confirmed and shown in practice, the improvement of digital text recognition platforms developed by Electronic Publication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABBYY%20FineReader%20system" title="ABBYY FineReader system">ABBYY FineReader system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm%20symbol%20recognition" title=" algorithm symbol recognition"> algorithm symbol recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OCR%2FICR%20techniques" title=" OCR/ICR techniques"> OCR/ICR techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20technologies" title=" recognition technologies"> recognition technologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130255/ocricr-text-recognition-using-abbyy-finereader-as-an-example-text" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2561</span> In-Situ Quasistatic Compression and Microstructural Characterization of Aluminium Foams of Different Cell Topology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Islam">M. A. Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20J.%20Hazell"> P. J. Hazell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Escobedo"> J. P. Escobedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saadatfar"> M. Saadatfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quasistatic compression and micro structural characterization of closed cell aluminium foams of different pore size and cell distributions has been carried out. Metallic foams have good potential for lightweight structures for impact and blast mitigation and therefore it is important to find out the optimized foam structure (i.e. cell size, shape, relative density, and distribution) to maximize energy absorption. In this paper, we present results for two different aluminium metal foams of density 0.5 g/cc and 0.7 g/cc respectively that have been tested in quasi-static compression. The influence of cell geometry and cell topology on quasistatic compression behavior has been investigated using computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis. The compression behavior and micro structural characterization will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20foams" title="metal foams">metal foams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-CT" title=" micro-CT"> micro-CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20topology" title=" cell topology"> cell topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasistatic%20compression" title=" quasistatic compression"> quasistatic compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11025/in-situ-quasistatic-compression-and-microstructural-characterization-of-aluminium-foams-of-different-cell-topology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2560</span> An Improved OCR Algorithm on Appearance Recognition of Electronic Components Based on Self-adaptation of Multifont Template</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhu-Qing%20Jia">Zhu-Qing Jia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Lin"> Tao Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tong%20Zhou"> Tong Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The recognition method of Optical Character Recognition has been expensively utilized, while it is rare to be employed specifically in recognition of electronic components. This paper suggests a high-effective algorithm on appearance identification of integrated circuit components based on the existing methods of character recognition, and analyze the pros and cons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20character%20recognition" title="optical character recognition">optical character recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20page%20identification" title=" fuzzy page identification"> fuzzy page identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutual%20correlation%20matrix" title=" mutual correlation matrix"> mutual correlation matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence%20self-adaptation" title=" confidence self-adaptation"> confidence self-adaptation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14322/an-improved-ocr-algorithm-on-appearance-recognition-of-electronic-components-based-on-self-adaptation-of-multifont-template" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">540</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2559</span> Meteosat Second Generation Image Compression Based on the Radon Transform and Linear Predictive Coding: Comparison and Performance </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherifi%20Mehdi">Cherifi Mehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lahdir%20Mourad"> Lahdir Mourad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameur%20Soltane"> Ameur Soltane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image compression is used to reduce the number of bits required to represent an image. The Meteosat Second Generation satellite (MSG) allows the acquisition of 12 image files every 15 minutes. Which results a large databases sizes. The transform selected in the images compression should contribute to reduce the data representing the images. The Radon transform retrieves the Radon points that represent the sum of the pixels in a given angle for each direction. Linear predictive coding (LPC) with filtering provides a good decorrelation of Radon points using a Predictor constitute by the Symmetric Nearest Neighbor filter (SNN) coefficients, which result losses during decompression. Finally, Run Length Coding (RLC) gives us a high and fixed compression ratio regardless of the input image. In this paper, a novel image compression method based on the Radon transform and linear predictive coding (LPC) for MSG images is proposed. MSG image compression based on the Radon transform and the LPC provides a good compromise between compression and quality of reconstruction. A comparison of our method with other whose two based on DCT and one on DWT bi-orthogonal filtering is evaluated to show the power of the Radon transform in its resistibility against the quantization noise and to evaluate the performance of our method. Evaluation criteria like PSNR and the compression ratio allows showing the efficiency of our method of compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20compression" title="image compression">image compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radon%20transform" title=" radon transform"> radon transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20predictive%20coding%20%28LPC%29" title=" linear predictive coding (LPC)"> linear predictive coding (LPC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=run%20lengthcoding%20%28RLC%29" title=" run lengthcoding (RLC)"> run lengthcoding (RLC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meteosat%20second%20generation%20%28MSG%29" title=" meteosat second generation (MSG)"> meteosat second generation (MSG)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16434/meteosat-second-generation-image-compression-based-on-the-radon-transform-and-linear-predictive-coding-comparison-and-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2558</span> Facial Recognition on the Basis of Facial Fragments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetyana%20Baydyk">Tetyana Baydyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernst%20Kussul"> Ernst Kussul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Bonilla%20Meza"> Sandra Bonilla Meza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are many articles that attempt to establish the role of different facial fragments in face recognition. Various approaches are used to estimate this role. Frequently, authors calculate the entropy corresponding to the fragment. This approach can only give approximate estimation. In this paper, we propose to use a more direct measure of the importance of different fragments for face recognition. We propose to select a recognition method and a face database and experimentally investigate the recognition rate using different fragments of faces. We present two such experiments in the paper. We selected the PCNC neural classifier as a method for face recognition and parts of the LFW (Labeled Faces in the Wild<em>) </em>face database as training and testing sets. The recognition rate of the best experiment is comparable with the recognition rate obtained using the whole face. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20recognition" title="face recognition">face recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labeled%20faces%20in%20the%20wild%20%28LFW%29%20database" title=" labeled faces in the wild (LFW) database"> labeled faces in the wild (LFW) database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20local%20descriptor%20%28RLD%29" title=" random local descriptor (RLD)"> random local descriptor (RLD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20features" title=" random features"> random features</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50117/facial-recognition-on-the-basis-of-facial-fragments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2557</span> PEINS: A Generic Compression Scheme Using Probabilistic Encoding and Irrational Number Storage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Jayashree">P. Jayashree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Rajkumar"> S. Rajkumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With social networks and smart devices generating a multitude of data, effective data management is the need of the hour for networks and cloud applications. Some applications need effective storage while some other applications need effective communication over networks and data reduction comes as a handy solution to meet out both requirements. Most of the data compression techniques are based on data statistics and may result in either lossy or lossless data reductions. Though lossy reductions produce better compression ratios compared to lossless methods, many applications require data accuracy and miniature details to be preserved. A variety of data compression algorithms does exist in the literature for different forms of data like text, image, and multimedia data. In the proposed work, a generic progressive compression algorithm, based on probabilistic encoding, called PEINS is projected as an enhancement over irrational number stored coding technique to cater to storage issues of increasing data volumes as a cost effective solution, which also offers data security as a secondary outcome to some extent. The proposed work reveals cost effectiveness in terms of better compression ratio with no deterioration in compression time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20ratio" title="compression ratio">compression ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generic%20compression" title=" generic compression"> generic compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrational%20number%20storage" title=" irrational number storage"> irrational number storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probabilistic%20encoding" title=" probabilistic encoding"> probabilistic encoding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60542/peins-a-generic-compression-scheme-using-probabilistic-encoding-and-irrational-number-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2556</span> Video Compression Using Contourlet Transform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delara%20Kazempour">Delara Kazempour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashallah%20Abasi%20Dezfuli"> Mashallah Abasi Dezfuli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Javidan"> Reza Javidan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Video compression used for channels with limited bandwidth and storage devices has limited storage capabilities. One of the most popular approaches in video compression is the usage of different transforms. Discrete cosine transform is one of the video compression methods that have some problems such as blocking, noising and high distortion inappropriate effect in compression ratio. wavelet transform is another approach is better than cosine transforms in balancing of compression and quality but the recognizing of curve curvature is so limit. Because of the importance of the compression and problems of the cosine and wavelet transforms, the contourlet transform is most popular in video compression. In the new proposed method, we used contourlet transform in video image compression. Contourlet transform can save details of the image better than the previous transforms because this transform is multi-scale and oriented. This transform can recognize discontinuity such as edges. In this approach we lost data less than previous approaches. Contourlet transform finds discrete space structure. This transform is useful for represented of two dimension smooth images. This transform, produces compressed images with high compression ratio along with texture and edge preservation. Finally, the results show that the majority of the images, the parameters of the mean square error and maximum signal-to-noise ratio of the new method based contourlet transform compared to wavelet transform are improved but in most of the images, the parameters of the mean square error and maximum signal-to-noise ratio in the cosine transform is better than the method based on contourlet transform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20compression" title="video compression">video compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contourlet%20transform" title=" contourlet transform"> contourlet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20cosine%20transform" title=" discrete cosine transform"> discrete cosine transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20transform" title=" wavelet transform"> wavelet transform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6930/video-compression-using-contourlet-transform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2555</span> Normalized Compression Distance Based Scene Alteration Analysis of a Video</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakshay%20Kharbanda">Lakshay Kharbanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aabhas%20Chauhan"> Aabhas Chauhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an application of Normalized Compression Distance (NCD) to detect notable scene alterations occurring in videos is presented. Several research groups have been developing methods to perform image classification using NCD, a computable approximation to Normalized Information Distance (NID) by studying the degree of similarity in images. The timeframes where significant aberrations between the frames of a video have occurred have been identified by obtaining a threshold NCD value, using two compressors: LZMA and BZIP2 and defining scene alterations using Pixel Difference Percentage metrics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20compression" title="image compression">image compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolmogorov%20complexity" title=" Kolmogorov complexity"> Kolmogorov complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20compression%20distance" title=" normalized compression distance"> normalized compression distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20mean%20square%20error" title=" root mean square error"> root mean square error</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54601/normalized-compression-distance-based-scene-alteration-analysis-of-a-video" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2554</span> Learning Compression Techniques on Smart Phone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farouk%20Lawan%20Gambo">Farouk Lawan Gambo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamada%20Mohammad"> Hamada Mohammad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data compression shrinks files into fewer bits than their original presentation. It has more advantage on the internet because the smaller a file, the faster it can be transferred but learning most of the concepts in data compression are abstract in nature, therefore, making them difficult to digest by some students (engineers in particular). This paper studies the learning preference of engineering students who tend to have strong, active, sensing, visual and sequential learning preferences, the paper also studies the three shift of technology-aided that learning has experienced, which mobile learning has been considered to be the feature of learning that will integrate other form of the education process. Lastly, we propose a design and implementation of mobile learning application using software engineering methodology that will enhance the traditional teaching and learning of data compression techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20compression" title="data compression">data compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20preference" title=" learning preference"> learning preference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20learning" title=" mobile learning"> mobile learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimedia" title=" multimedia"> multimedia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66086/learning-compression-techniques-on-smart-phone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2553</span> Advantages of Electrifying Offshore Compression System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siva%20Sankara%20Arudra">Siva Sankara Arudra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamaruzaman%20Baharuddin"> Kamaruzaman Baharuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ir.%20Ahmed%20Fadzil%20Mustafa%20Kamal"> Ir. Ahmed Fadzil Mustafa Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ir.%20Abdul%20Latif%20Mohamed"> Ir. Abdul Latif Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The advancement of electrical and electronics technologies has rewarded the oil and gas industry with great opportunities to embed more environmentally solutions into design. Most offshore oil and gas producers have their engineering and production asset goals to promote greater use of environmentally friendly compression system technologies to eliminate hazardous emissions from conventional gas compressor drivers. Therefore, this paper comprehensively elaborates the parametric study conducted in integrating the latest electrical and electronics drives technology into the existing compression system. This study was conducted in aspects of layout, reliability & availability, maintainability, emission, and cost. An existing offshore facility that utilized gas turbines as the driver for gas compression was set as Conventional Case for this study. The Electrification Case will utilize electric motor drives as the driver for the compression system. Findings from this study indicate more advantages in driver electrification compared to conventional compression systems. The findings of this paper can be set as a benchmark for future offshore driver selection for gas compression systems of similar operating parameters and power range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbomachinery" title="turbomachinery">turbomachinery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrification" title=" electrification"> electrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title=" emission"> emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20system" title=" compression system"> compression system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146076/advantages-of-electrifying-offshore-compression-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2552</span> Application of the Bionic Wavelet Transform and Psycho-Acoustic Model for Speech Compression </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chafik%20Barnoussi">Chafik Barnoussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mourad%20Talbi"> Mourad Talbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnane%20Cherif"> Adnane Cherif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we propose a new speech compression system based on the application of the Bionic Wavelet Transform (BWT) combined with the psychoacoustic model. This compression system is a modified version of the compression system using a MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) filter banks of 32 filters each and the psychoacoustic model. This modification consists in replacing the banks of the MDCT filter banks by the bionic wavelet coefficients which are obtained from the application of the BWT to the speech signal to be compressed. These two methods are evaluated and compared with each other by computing bits before and bits after compression. They are tested on different speech signals and the obtained simulation results show that the proposed technique outperforms the second technique and this in term of compressed file size. In term of SNR, PSNR and NRMSE, the outputs speech signals of the proposed compression system are with acceptable quality. In term of PESQ and speech signal intelligibility, the proposed speech compression technique permits to obtain reconstructed speech signals with good quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20compression" title="speech compression">speech compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bionic%20wavelet%20transform" title=" bionic wavelet transform"> bionic wavelet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filterbanks" title=" filterbanks"> filterbanks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoacoustic%20model" title=" psychoacoustic model"> psychoacoustic model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1921/application-of-the-bionic-wavelet-transform-and-psycho-acoustic-model-for-speech-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2551</span> A New Prediction Model for Soil Compression Index </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Mohammadzadeh%20S.">D. Mohammadzadeh S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bolouri%20Bazaz"> J. Bolouri Bazaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a new prediction model for compression index of fine-grained soils using multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) technique. The proposed model relates the soil compression index to its liquid limit, plastic limit and void ratio. Several laboratory test results for fine-grained were used to develop the models. Various criteria were considered to check the validity of the model. The parametric and sensitivity analyses were performed and discussed. The MGGP method was found to be very effective for predicting the soil compression index. A comparative study was further performed to prove the superiority of the MGGP model to the existing soft computing and traditional empirical equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20prediction%20model" title="new prediction model">new prediction model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20index%20soil" title=" compression index soil"> compression index soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-gene%20genetic%20programming" title=" multi-gene genetic programming"> multi-gene genetic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MGGP" title=" MGGP"> MGGP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35247/a-new-prediction-model-for-soil-compression-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2550</span> A Survey on Lossless Compression of Bayer Color Filter Array Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Trifan">Alina Trifan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ant%C3%B3nio%20J.%20R.%20Neves"> António J. R. Neves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although most digital cameras acquire images in a raw format, based on a Color Filter Array that arranges RGB color filters on a square grid of photosensors, most image compression techniques do not use the raw data; instead, they use the rgb result of an interpolation algorithm of the raw data. This approach is inefficient and by performing a lossless compression of the raw data, followed by pixel interpolation, digital cameras could be more power efficient and provide images with increased resolution given that the interpolation step could be shifted to an external processing unit. In this paper, we conduct a survey on the use of lossless compression algorithms with raw Bayer images. Moreover, in order to reduce the effect of the transition between colors that increase the entropy of the raw Bayer image, we split the image into three new images corresponding to each channel (red, green and blue) and we study the same compression algorithms applied to each one individually. This simple pre-processing stage allows an improvement of more than 15% in predictive based methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bayer%20image" title="bayer image">bayer image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFA" title=" CFA"> CFA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lossless%20compression" title=" lossless compression"> lossless compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20coding%20standards" title=" image coding standards"> image coding standards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39918/a-survey-on-lossless-compression-of-bayer-color-filter-array-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2549</span> DBN-Based Face Recognition System Using Light Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing%20Gu">Bing Gu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract—Most of Conventional facial recognition systems are based on image features, such as LBP, SIFT. Recently some DBN-based 2D facial recognition systems have been proposed. However, we find there are few DBN-based 3D facial recognition system and relative researches. 3D facial images include all the individual biometric information. We can use these information to build more accurate features, So we present our DBN-based face recognition system using Light Field. We can see Light Field as another presentation of 3D image, and Light Field Camera show us a way to receive a Light Field. We use the commercially available Light Field Camera to act as the collector of our face recognition system, and the system receive a state-of-art performance as convenient as conventional 2D face recognition system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DBN" title="DBN">DBN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20recognition" title=" face recognition"> face recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20field" title=" light field"> light field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lytro" title=" Lytro"> Lytro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10821/dbn-based-face-recognition-system-using-light-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2548</span> Comprehensive Study of X-Ray Emission by APF Plasma Focus Device</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Habibi">M. Habibi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The time-resolved studies of soft and hard X-ray were carried out over a wide range of argon pressures by employing an array of eight filtered photo PIN diodes and a scintillation detector, simultaneously. In 50% of the discharges, the soft X-ray is seen to be emitted in short multiple pulses corresponding to different compression, whereas it is a single pulse for hard X-rays corresponding to only the first strong compression. It should be stated that multiple compressions dominantly occur at low pressures and high pressures are mostly in the single compression regime. In 43% of the discharges, at all pressures except for optimum pressure, the first period is characterized by two or more sharp peaks.The X–ray signal intensity during the second and subsequent compressions is much smaller than the first compression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20focus%20device" title="plasma focus device">plasma focus device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SXR" title=" SXR"> SXR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HXR" title=" HXR"> HXR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pin-diode" title=" Pin-diode"> Pin-diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=argon%20plasma" title=" argon plasma"> argon plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26796/comprehensive-study-of-x-ray-emission-by-apf-plasma-focus-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2547</span> Response of Concrete Panels Subjected to Compression-Tension State of Stresses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20F.%20Almograbi">Mohammed F. Almograbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For reinforced concrete panels the risk of failure due to compression -tension state of stresses, results from pure shear or torsion, can be a major problem. The present calculation methods for such stresses from multiple influences are without taking into account the softening of cracked concrete remains conservative. The non-linear finite element method has become an important and increasingly used tool for the analysis and assessment of the structures by including cracking softening and tension-stiffening. The aim of this paper is to test a computer program refined recently and to simulate the compression response of cracked concrete element and to compare with the available experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20panels" title="reinforced concrete panels">reinforced concrete panels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression-tension" title=" compression-tension"> compression-tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear" title=" shear"> shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsion" title=" torsion"> torsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20softening" title=" compression softening"> compression softening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tension%20stiffening" title=" tension stiffening"> tension stiffening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20finite%20element%20analysis" title=" non-linear finite element analysis"> non-linear finite element analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5311/response-of-concrete-panels-subjected-to-compression-tension-state-of-stresses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2546</span> Image Compression on Region of Interest Based on SPIHT Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudeepti%20Dayal">Sudeepti Dayal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelesh%20Gupta"> Neelesh Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image abbreviation is utilized for reducing the size of a file without demeaning the quality of the image to an objectionable level. The depletion in file size permits more images to be deposited in a given number of spaces. It also minimizes the time necessary for images to be transferred. Storage of medical images is a most researched area in the current scenario. To store a medical image, there are two parameters on which the image is divided, regions of interest and non-regions of interest. The best way to store an image is to compress it in such a way that no important information is lost. Compression can be done in two ways, namely lossy, and lossless compression. Under that, several compression algorithms are applied. In the paper, two algorithms are used which are, discrete cosine transform, applied to non-region of interest (lossy), and discrete wavelet transform, applied to regions of interest (lossless). The paper introduces SPIHT (set partitioning hierarchical tree) algorithm which is applied onto the wavelet transform to obtain good compression ratio from which an image can be stored efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Compression%20ratio" title="Compression ratio">Compression ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DWT" title=" DWT"> DWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPIHT" title=" SPIHT"> SPIHT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DCT" title=" DCT"> DCT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43377/image-compression-on-region-of-interest-based-on-spiht-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2545</span> A Deletion-Cost Based Fast Compression Algorithm for Linear Vector Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiuxiao%20Chen">Qiuxiao Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Hou"> Yan Hou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Wu"> Ning Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As there are deficiencies of the classic Douglas-Peucker Algorithm (DPA), such as high risks of deleting key nodes by mistake, high complexity, time consumption and relatively slow execution speed, a new Deletion-Cost Based Compression Algorithm (DCA) for linear vector data was proposed. For each curve — the basic element of linear vector data, all the deletion costs of its middle nodes were calculated, and the minimum deletion cost was compared with the pre-defined threshold. If the former was greater than or equal to the latter, all remaining nodes were reserved and the curve’s compression process was finished. Otherwise, the node with the minimal deletion cost was deleted, its two neighbors' deletion costs were updated, and the same loop on the compressed curve was repeated till the termination. By several comparative experiments using different types of linear vector data, the comparison between DPA and DCA was performed from the aspects of compression quality and computing efficiency. Experiment results showed that DCA outperformed DPA in compression accuracy and execution efficiency as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas-Peucker%20algorithm" title="Douglas-Peucker algorithm">Douglas-Peucker algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20vector%20data" title=" linear vector data"> linear vector data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression" title=" compression"> compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deletion%20cost" title=" deletion cost"> deletion cost</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8376/a-deletion-cost-based-fast-compression-algorithm-for-linear-vector-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2544</span> Experimental Investigation on Variable Compression Ratio of Single Cylinder Four Stroke SI Engine Working under Ethanol – Gasoline Blend</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20V.%20Lande">B. V. Lande</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suhas%20Kongare"> Suhas Kongare</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuel blend of alcohol and conventional hydrocarbon fuels for a spark ignition engine can increase the fuel octane rating and the power for a given engine displacement and compression ratio. The greatest advantage of ethanol as a fuel in SI Engines is its high octane number. The efficiency of an SI engine that is the ability to convert fuel energy to mechanical energy, mainly depends on the compression ratio. It is, therefore, an advantage to increase this as much as possible. The major restraint is the fuel octane number – high octane fuels can be used with high compression ratios, thus yielding higher energy efficiency. This work investigates to suggest suitable ethanol gasoline blend and compression ratio for single cylinder four strokes SI Engine on the basis of performance and exhaust emissions. A single cylinder four stroke SI Engine was tested with different blend of ethanol – gasoline like E5 (5% ethanol +95% gasoline), E10 (10% ethanol + 90% gasoline) E15 (15% ethanol + 85% petrol) and E20 ( 20% + 80% gasoline) with Variable compression ratio. The performance parameter evaluated BSFC, Brake thermal efficiency and also exhaust emission CO2, Co & HC%. The result showed that higher compression ratio improved engine Performance and reduction in exhaust emission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blend" title="blend">blend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20ratio" title=" compression ratio"> compression ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethanol" title=" ethanol"> ethanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blend" title=" blend"> blend</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45797/experimental-investigation-on-variable-compression-ratio-of-single-cylinder-four-stroke-si-engine-working-under-ethanol-gasoline-blend" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2543</span> Prediction Modeling of Compression Properties of a Knitted Sportswear Fabric Using Response Surface Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawairia%20Umar">Jawairia Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanveer%20Hussain"> Tanveer Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulfiqar%20Ali"> Zulfiqar Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Maqsood"> Muhammad Maqsood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different knitted structures and knitted parameters play a vital role in the stretch and recovery management of compression sportswear in addition to the materials use to generate this stretch and recovery behavior of the fabric. The present work was planned to predict the different performance indicators of a compression sportswear fabric with some ground parameters i.e. base yarn stitch length (polyester as base yarn and spandex as plating yarn involve to make a compression fabric) and linear density of the spandex which is a key material of any sportswear fabric. The prediction models were generated by response surface method for performance indicators such as stretch & recovery percentage, compression generated by the garment on body, total elongation on application of high power force and load generated on certain percentage extension in fabric. Certain physical properties of the fabric were also modeled using these two parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Compression" title="Compression">Compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sportswear" title=" sportswear"> sportswear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretch%20and%20recovery" title=" stretch and recovery"> stretch and recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20model" title=" statistical model"> statistical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kikuhime" title=" kikuhime"> kikuhime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39290/prediction-modeling-of-compression-properties-of-a-knitted-sportswear-fabric-using-response-surface-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">‹</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20compression&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20compression&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20compression&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition%20and%20compression&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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