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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&returnto=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да отворите налог и пријавите се" class=""><span>Отвори налог</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да се пријавите [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Пријави ме</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Више опција" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Личне алатке" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Личне алатке</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Кориснички мени" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=sr"><span>Донације</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3&returnto=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да отворите налог и пријавите се"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Отвори налог</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Иако није обавезно, препоручујемо да се пријавите [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Пријави ме</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eодбаци\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"sr\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" 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href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%9A%D1%83_%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0/%D0%A3_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5\" title=\"Википедија:Такмичење у писању чланака/У свету Флоре и Фауне\"\u003EФлоре и фауне\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%92%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%83_%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%98%D0%B0_2024.\" title=\"Википедија:Уређивачки маратон Вики воли јавну уметност и гробна обележја 2024.\"\u003EУређивачком маратону Вики воли јавну уметност и гробна обележја 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EУчествујте у \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_SheSaid_2024\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"q:Викицитат:Кампања SheSaid 2024\"\u003Eкампањи писања цитата значајних жена\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E на Викицитату.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\"noticebanner\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background-color: #FBEBEA; border-radius:5px; margin-top:10px; position:relative; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-family: \u0026#39;Helvetica\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Arial\u0026#39;, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.15 ); overflow:hidden;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"display:block; top:4px; width:100%; text-align:center;;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"color:#000085; font-size:25px; line-height:25px\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:50px;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-top:2px; color:#444; font-size:1.15em; line-height:1.5;\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"padding-left:8px; padding-right:8px;\"\u003EПридружите се \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0\" title=\"Википедија:Акција проширивања клица\"\u003Eакцији проширивања клица\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сајт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Садржај" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Садржај</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">помери на страну</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">сакриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почетак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Историја_океанографије" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Историја_океанографије"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Историја океанографије</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Историја_океанографије-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гране" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гране"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Гране</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Гране-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Садржај одељка Гране</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Гране-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Биолошка_океанографија" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Биолошка_океанографија"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Биолошка океанографија</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Биолошка_океанографија-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хемијска_океанографија" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хемијска_океанографија"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Хемијска океанографија</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хемијска_океанографија-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Закисељавање_океана" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Закисељавање_океана"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Закисељавање океана</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Закисељавање_океана-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сродне_дисциплине" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сродне_дисциплине"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Сродне дисциплине</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сродне_дисциплине-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Види_још" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Види_још"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Види још</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Види_још-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Референце" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Референце"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Референце</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Референце-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Литература" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Литература"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Литература</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Литература-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спољашње_везе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спољашње_везе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Спољашње везе</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спољашње_везе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Садржај" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прикажи/сакриј садржај" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прикажи/сакриј садржај</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Океанографија</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Чланак на другим језицима. Доступан на: 99" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 језика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografie" title="Oseanografie — африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oseanografie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="علم المحيطات — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم المحيطات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="موحيطولوجيا — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="موحيطولوجيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="علم البحار — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم البحار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanograf%C3%ADa" title="Oceanografía — астуријски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oceanografía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астуријски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi — индонежански" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Oseanografi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонежански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Oseanografi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океанография — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Океанография" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1i-i%C3%BB%E2%81%BF-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Hái-iûⁿ-ha̍k — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hái-iûⁿ-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="समुंद्र बिज्ञान — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समुंद्र बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সমুদ্রবিজ্ঞান — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমুদ্রবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okeanografija" title="Okeanografija — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Okeanografija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — корзикански" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корзикански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigioneg" title="Eigioneg — велшки" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Eigioneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="велшки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oce%C3%A1nografie" title="Oceánografie — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Oceánografie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografi" title="Oceanografi — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Oceanografi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozeanographie" title="Ozeanographie — немачки" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ozeanographie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okeanograafia" title="Okeanograafia — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Okeanograafia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ωκεανογραφία — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ωκεανογραφία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography — енглески" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Oceanography" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="енглески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanograf%C3%ADa" title="Oceanografía — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oceanografía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografio" title="Oceanografio — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Oceanografio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozeanografia" title="Ozeanografia — баскијски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ozeanografia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اقیانوس‌نگاری — персијски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اقیانوس‌نگاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havfr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Havfrøði — фарски" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Havfrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oc%C3%A9anographie" title="Océanographie — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Océanographie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografy" title="Oseanografy — западни фризијски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oseanografy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западни фризијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aig%C3%A9aneola%C3%ADocht" title="Aigéaneolaíocht — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aigéaneolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuan-e%C3%B2las" title="Cuan-eòlas — шкотски гелски" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cuan-eòlas" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шкотски гелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanograf%C3%ADa" title="Oceanografía — галицијски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oceanografía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галицијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" title="אוקיינוגרפיה — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקיינוגרפיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="समुद्र विज्ञान — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समुद्र विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografija" title="Oceanografija — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Oceanografija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BE%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օվկիանոսագիտություն — јерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օվկիանոսագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="јерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanographia" title="Oceanographia — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Oceanographia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umchazalwandle" title="Umchazalwandle — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umchazalwandle" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haffr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Haffræði — исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Haffræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="海洋学 — јапански" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="海洋学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os%C3%A9anografi" title="Oséanografi — јавански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Oséanografi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="јавански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოკეანოლოგია — грузијски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოკეანოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузијски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океанография — киргиски" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Океанография" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimu_ya_bahari" title="Elimu ya bahari — свахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elimu ya bahari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="свахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="សាគរវិទ្យា — кмерски" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សាគរវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кмерски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಸಮುದ್ರಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ — канада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಮುದ್ರಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%96%91%ED%95%99" title="해양학 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="해양학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los%C3%A9anografi" title="Loséanografi — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Loséanografi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografiya" title="Oseanografiya — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Oseanografiya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanographia" title="Oceanographia — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Oceanographia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiureiba" title="Jiureiba — Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Jiureiba" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okeanogr%C4%81fija" title="Okeanogrāfija — летонски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Okeanogrāfija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="летонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okeanografija" title="Okeanografija — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Okeanografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zie%C3%ABk%C3%B3nde" title="Zieëkónde — лимбуршки" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zieëkónde" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбуршки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xasyske" title="xasyske — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xasyske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanogr%C3%A1fia" title="Oceanográfia — мађарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Oceanográfia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мађарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Океанографија — македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Океанографија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Oseanografi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%81i-i%C3%B2ng-h%C5%8Fk" title="Hāi-iòng-hŏk — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hāi-iòng-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="സമുദ്രശാസ്ത്രം — малајалам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമുദ്രശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малајалам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="समुद्रशास्त्र — марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समुद्रशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%8F%E1%80%B9%E1%80%8F%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="အဏ္ဏဝါဗေဒ — бурмански" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဏ္ဏဝါဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бурмански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="समुद्र विज्ञान — непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="समुद्र विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografie" title="Oceanografie — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oceanografie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oseanografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanografi" title="Oseanografi — норвешки нинорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Oseanografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвешки нинорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ummonshunoslik" title="Ummonshunoslik — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ummonshunoslik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — пољски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="пољски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografia" title="Oceanografia — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oceanografia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="سمندر پوهنه — паштунски" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سمندر پوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="паштунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uoshanagrafi" title="Uoshanagrafi — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Uoshanagrafi" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografie" title="Oceanografie — румунски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Oceanografie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румунски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океанография — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Океанография" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DA%8A%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سامونڊي سائنس — синди" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سامونڊي سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oqeanografia" title="Oqeanografia — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Oqeanografia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="සාගර විද්‍යාව — синхалешки" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සාගර විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanugraf%C3%ACa" title="Oceanugrafìa — сицилијански" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Oceanugrafìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Oceanography" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oce%C3%A1nografia" title="Oceánografia — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Oceánografia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografija" title="Oceanografija — словеначки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Oceanografija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словеначки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografija" title="Oceanografija — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Oceanografija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meritiede" title="Meritiede — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Meritiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanografi" title="Oceanografi — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Oceanografi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="கடலியல் — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடலியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oseanograpiya" title="Oseanograpiya — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Oseanograpiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="สมุทรศาสตร์ — тајски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมุทรศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BA%A3i_d%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Hải dương học — вијетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hải dương học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вијетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D2%9B%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Уқёнусшиносӣ — таџички" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Уқёнусшиносӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таџички" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okyanus_bilimi" title="Okyanus bilimi — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Okyanus bilimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Океанографія — украјински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Океанографія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украјински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="علوم سمندر — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="علوم سمندر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seanakaedav" title="Seanakaedav — волапик" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Seanakaedav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanograpiya" title="Oceanograpiya — варајски" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Oceanograpiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="海洋学 — ву кинески" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="海洋学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אקעאנאגראפיע — јидиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אקעאנאגראפיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="јидиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okyanus%C5%9F%C4%B1nasiye" title="Okyanusşınasiye — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Okyanusşınasiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="海洋学 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海洋学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="海洋學 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="海洋學" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Thermohaline_circulation.png/375px-Thermohaline_circulation.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Thermohaline_circulation.png/500px-Thermohaline_circulation.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Морске струје</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Океанографија</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Океан">Океан</a> + <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Грчки језик">грчки</a> <i>γράφειν</i> = писати), такође звана <b>океанологија</b>, наука је о <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%99%D0%B0" title="Земља">земљиним</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Океан">океанима</a> и њиховим међусобно повезаним <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Екосистем">екосистемима</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">хемијским</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика">физичким</a> процесима. </p> <ul><li><b>биолошка океанографија</b> или <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Поморска биологија (страница не постоји)">поморска биологија</a> је наука о океанским <a href="/wiki/Biot" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Biot">биотима</a> и њиховим <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Екологија">еколошким интеракцијама</a>;</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хемијска океанографија (страница не постоји)">хемијска океанографија</a></b> је наука о хемији океана;</li> <li><b>геолошка океанографија</b> или <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Поморска геологија (страница не постоји)">поморска геологија</a> укључује <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тектоника плоча">тектонику плоча</a> и остале науке о океанском дну;</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метеоролошка океанографија (страница не постоји)">метеоролошка океанографија</a></b> се бави питањем како <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera">атмосфера</a> и океан међусобно делују унутар <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Хидросфера">хидросфере</a>;</li> <li>и <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Физичка географија">физичка географија</a></b> која се бави физичким обележјима океана (као што су <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Водени талас">таласи</a>, струје па и структура температуре и сланости).</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Историја_океанографије"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B5"></span>Историја океанографије</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уредите одељак „Историја океанографије”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди извор одељка: Историја океанографије"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Ocean_currents_1911.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ocean_currents_1911.jpg/220px-Ocean_currents_1911.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ocean_currents_1911.jpg/330px-Ocean_currents_1911.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Ocean_currents_1911.jpg/440px-Ocean_currents_1911.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Океанске струје</figcaption></figure> <p>Људи су првобитно стекли знање о таласима и струјама <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Море">мора</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Океан">океана</a> у праисторијским временима. Опажања на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Плима и осека">плимама</a> су забележили <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Аристотел">Аристотел</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Страбон">Страбон</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Рана истраживања океана била су првенствено спровођена ради <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Картографија">картографије</a> и углавном су се ограничавала на њихове површине и на животиње које су рибари прикупљали мрежама, иако су изучавани и дубински звукови оловног кабла. </p><p>Мада <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Хуан Понсе де Леон">Хуан Понсе де Леон</a> 1513. године први идентификовао <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Голфска струја">Голфску струју</a>, и струја је већ била позната поморцима, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бенџамин Френклин">Бенџамин Френклин</a> је извео прву научну студију на њој и дао јој је име. Френклин је мерио температуре воде током неколико прелаза Атлантика и коректно је објаснио узрок Голфске струје. Френклин и Тимоти Фолџер су објавили прву мапу Голфске струје 1769–1770.<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_Franklin_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_Franklin-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Рана истраживања океана су била ограничена на његову површину и малобројна створења која су рибари вадили у својим мрежама. Међутим када су Боугаинвиле и <a href="/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Џејмс Кук">Кук</a> извели своја истраживања у јужном Пацифику у својим су извештајима споменули и мора која су посетили. Сер Џејмс Кларк Рос је предузео <a href="/wiki/1840" title="1840">1840</a>. прво модерно мерење дубине мора, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Чарлс Дарвин">Чарлс Дарвин</a> је објавио радњу о <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_(%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0)" title="Гребен (облик рељефа)">гребенима</a> и обликовању <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Атол">атола</a>, али ипак постојање огромне стрмине иза <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Континентални праг">континенталних шелфова</a> није откривено све до <a href="/wiki/1849" title="1849">1849</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%98%D1%83_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Матју Мареј (страница не постоји)">Марејева</a> <i>Физикална географија мора</i> из <a href="/wiki/1855" title="1855">1855</a>. је био први уџбеник из океанографије. Полагање северноатлантског телеграфског кабла потврдило је присутност <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Средњеокеански хрбат (страница не постоји)">средњоокеанског хрпта</a>. </p><p>Након средине <a href="/wiki/19._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="19. век">19. века</a> када су научна друштва пролазила кроз поплаву нових терестричких ботаничких и зоолошких информација, европски историчари природе почели су осећати недостатак више него анегдотских знања о океанима. Почеци океанографије као квантитативне <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука">науке</a> заправо су започели <a href="/wiki/1872" title="1872">1872</a>. када су <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чарлс Вајвил Томпсон (страница не постоји)">Чарлс Вајвил Томпсон</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%8F%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Џон Мареј (страница не постоји)">Џон Мареј</a> кренули у <a href="/w/index.php?title=Challenger_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Challenger експедиција (страница не постоји)">Challenger експедицију</a> (1872—76). Убрзо су остали европски и амерички народи послали научне експедиције (као што су учинили многи приватни појединци и институције), а основани су и институти посвећени проучавању океанографије. Четири најважнија у Сједињеним Државама су <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Океанографски институт Скрипс (страница не постоји)">Океанографски институт Скрипс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Океанографски институт Вудс Холе (страница не постоји)">Океанографски институт Вудс Холе</a>, Опсерваторија Ламонт-Дохерту, и Универзитет вашингтонске школе океанографије. Најважнија нова институција у Британији је <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Саутемптонски океанографски центар (страница не постоји)">Саутемптонски океанографски центар</a>. </p><p>Прва међународна океанографска организација створена је <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a>. под именом <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%9B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Међународно веће за истраживање мора (страница не постоји)">Међународно веће за истраживање мора</a>. Године 1921, у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Монако">Монаку</a> је основан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Међународни хидрографски уред (страница не постоји)">Међународни хидрографски уред</a> (ИХБ). Касније је <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a>. Конгрес <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Сједињене Америчке Државе">САД</a> створио Национални савет за поморска богатства и технички развој у чијој је надлежности било истраживање и проучавање свих аспеката океанографије. Такође је омогућио да Национални научни завод новчано подупре људе који су обављали та проучавања на пољу океанографије. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гране"><span id=".D0.93.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>Гране</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уредите одељак „Гране”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди извор одељка: Гране"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png/220px-Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png/330px-Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png/440px-Antarctic_frontal-system_hg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="765" /></a><figcaption>Океанографски фронтални системи на <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Јужна хемисфера">јужној хемисфери</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg/220px-Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg/330px-Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg/440px-Rosenstiel_Applied_Marine_Physics_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1417" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Зграда примењене морске физике на <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rosenstiel_School_of_Marine_and_Atmospheric_Science&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (страница не постоји)">Росенстил школи за морске и атмосферске науке</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83" title="Универзитет у Мајамију">Универзитета у Мајамију</a> у <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Key&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Key (страница не постоји)">Вирџинија Кију</a>, септембар 2007.</figcaption></figure> <p>Студије океанографије су подељене у ових пет грана: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Биолошка_океанографија"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.88.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Биолошка океанографија</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уредите одељак „Биолошка океанографија”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди извор одељка: Биолошка океанографија"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Биолошка океанографија истражује екологију и биологију морских организама у контексту физичких, хемијских и геолошких карактеристика њиховог океанског окружења. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хемијска_океанографија"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B8.D1.98.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.98.D0.B0"></span>Хемијска океанографија</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уредите одељак „Хемијска океанографија”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди извор одељка: Хемијска океанографија"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Хемијска океанографија је проучавање <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија">хемије</a> океана. Док је хемијска океанографија првенствено заокупљена проучавањем и разумевањем својстава морске воде и њених промена, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocean_chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocean chemistry (страница не постоји)">океанска хемија</a> се првенствено фокусира на <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geochemical_cycle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geochemical cycle (страница не постоји)">геохемијске циклусе</a>. Централна тема коју истражује хемијска океанографија је закишељавање океана. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Закисељавање_океана"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D1.99.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B0.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.BE.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Закисељавање океана</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уредите одељак „Закисељавање океана”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди извор одељка: Закисељавање океана"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Закисељавање океана описује смањење <a href="/wiki/PH_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82#Seawater" title="PH вредност">pH</a> океана, што је узроковано <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Антропогени стресни фактори">антропогеним</a> емисијама <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Угљен-диоксид">угљен-диоксида</a> (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>CO</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3ed885c7553085f5d3a2bb0a63616656248699d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:4.54ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {CO2}}}"></span>) у <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera">атмосферу</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cald03_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cald03-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Морска вода је благо <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkalinity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkalinity (страница не постоји)">алкална</a> и имала је преиндустријски pH од око 8,2. У новије време, антропогене активности су стално повећавале садржај <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Угљен-диоксид">угљен-диоксида</a> у атмосфери; око 30–40% додатог CO<sub>2</sub> се апсорбује у океанима, формирајући <a href="/wiki/Ugljena_kiselina" title="Ugljena kiselina">угљену киселину</a> и снижавајући pH (сада испод 8,1<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_Ocean_Acidity_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_Ocean_Acidity-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) кроз закишељавање океана.<sup id="cite_ref-Feely04_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feely04-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zeebe2008_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zeebe2008-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GattusoHansson2011_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GattusoHansson2011-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Очекује се да ће pH вредност достићи 7,7 до 2100. године.<sup id="cite_ref-AboutAntarctica_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AboutAntarctica-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Важан елемент за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Скелетон">скелете</a> морских животиња је <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Калцијум">калцијум</a>, али <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Калцијум-карбонат">калцијум карбонат</a> постаје растворљивији под притиском, тако да се карбонатне шкољке и скелети растварају испод <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonate_compensation_depth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonate compensation depth (страница не постоји)">дубине компензације карбоната</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pinet_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pinet-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Калцијум карбонат постаје растворљивији при нижем pH, тако да ће закисељавање океана вероватно утицати на морске организме са кречњачким шкољкама, као што су остриге, шкољке, морски јежеви и корали,<sup id="cite_ref-PMEL_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMEL-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-orr05_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orr05-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> и дубина компензације карбоната ће порасти ближе морској површини. Погођени <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Планктон">планктонски</a> организми ће укључивати <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B8_(Pteropoda)" title="Пужеви крилоношци (Pteropoda)">птероподе</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coccolithophorid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coccolithophorid (страница не постоји)">коколитофориде</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Фораминифере">фораминифере</a>, сви од којих су важни у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Ланац исхране">ланцу исхране</a>. У тропским регионима, <a href="/wiki/Nifedipin" title="Nifedipin">корали</a> ће вероватно бити озбиљно погођени, јер постају мање способни да граде своје скелете од калцијум карбоната,<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen2009_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen2009-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> што заузврат негативно утиче на друге становнике <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Корални гребен">гребена</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AboutAntarctica_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AboutAntarctica-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Сматра се да је тренутна стопа хемијске промене океана без преседана у геолошкој историји Земље, због чега није јасно колико ће се морски екосистеми прилагодити променљивим условима у блиској будућности.<sup id="cite_ref-Hönisch2012_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hönisch2012-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Посебно забрињава начин на који ће комбинација ацидификације са очекиваним додатним стресорима виших <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocean_temperature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocean temperature (страница не постоји)">температура океана</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypoxia_(environmental)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypoxia (environmental) (страница не постоји)">нижих нивоа кисеоника</a> утицати на мора.<sup id="cite_ref-Gruber2011_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gruber2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сродне_дисциплине"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.B4.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.86.D0.B8.D0.BF.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>Сродне дисциплине</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уредите одељак „Сродне дисциплине”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди извор одељка: Сродне дисциплине"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Геологија">Геологија</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Лимнологија">Лимнологија</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хидрологија">Хидрологија</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Види_још"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B8_.D1.98.D0.BE.D1.88"></span>Види још</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уредите одељак „Види још”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди извор одељка: Види још"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харалд Свердруп (страница не постоји)">Харалд Свердруп</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хидрографија">Хидрографија</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Меркатор пројект (страница не постоји)">Меркатор пројект</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плимна резонанција (страница не постоји)">Плимна резонанција</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98_%D1%83_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Океанографски музеј у Монаку">Океанографски музеј</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Референце"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B5.D1.84.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.86.D0.B5"></span>Референце</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Уредите одељак „Референце”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="Уреди извор одељка: Референце"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440201">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinebio.org/creatures/marine-biology/history-of-marine-biology/">„A History Of The Study Of Marine Biology ~ MarineBio Conservation Society”</a> (на језику: енглески). 17. 6. 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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E. 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Приступљено <span class="nowrap">1. 11. 2013</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.btitle=Ocean+Acidity&rft.date=2013-09-13&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=EPA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epa.gov%2Fclimatechange%2Fscience%2Findicators%2Foceans%2Facidity.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Feely04-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Feely04_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Feely, R. A.; et al. (јул 2004). „Impact of Anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> on the CaCO<sub>3</sub> System in the Oceans”. <i>Science</i>. <b>305</b> (5682): 362—366. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004Sci...305..362F">2004Sci...305..362F</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256664">15256664</a>. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:31054160">31054160</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1097329">10.1126/science.1097329</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Anthropogenic+CO%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E+on+the+CaCO%3Csub%3E3%3C%2Fsub%3E+System+in+the+Oceans&rft.aufirst=R.+A.&rft.aulast=Feely&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5682&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=362-366&rft.volume=305&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A31054160&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004Sci...305..362F&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1097329&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15256664&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zeebe2008-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zeebe2008_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Zeebe, R. 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(15. 9. 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8yjNFxkALjIC"><i>Ocean Acidification</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-19-959109-1" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-19-959109-1">978-0-19-959109-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/730413873">730413873</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.au=Gattuso%2C+J.P.&rft.au=Hansson%2C+L.&rft.btitle=Ocean+Acidification&rft.date=2011-09-15&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-959109-1&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8yjNFxkALjIC&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F730413873&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AboutAntarctica-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AboutAntarctica_9-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AboutAntarctica_9-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/environment/climate-change/ocean-acidification-and-the-southern-ocean">„Ocean acidification”</a>. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population & Communities: Australian Antarctic Division. 28. 9. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">17. 4. 2013</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.btitle=Ocean+acidification&rft.date=2007-09-28&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Department+of+Sustainability%2C+Environment%2C+Water%2C+Population+%26+Communities%3A+Australian+Antarctic+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.antarctica.gov.au%2Fabout-antarctica%2Fenvironment%2Fclimate-change%2Focean-acidification-and-the-southern-ocean&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pinet-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pinet_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Pinet, Paul R. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eAqQvGYap24C"><i>Invitation to Oceanography</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Publishing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Publishing Company (страница не постоји)">West Publishing Company</a>. стр. 126, 134—135. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-314-06339-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-314-06339-7">978-0-314-06339-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=Paul+R.&rft.aulast=Pinet&rft.btitle=Invitation+to+Oceanography&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-314-06339-7&rft.pages=126%2C+134-135&rft.pub=West+Publishing+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeAqQvGYap24C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PMEL-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PMEL_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130902071022/http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3F">„What is Ocean Acidification?”</a>. NOAA PMEL Carbon Program. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/co2/story/What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3F">оригинала</a> 02. 09. 2013. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">15. 9. 2013</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.btitle=What+is+Ocean+Acidification%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NOAA+PMEL+Carbon+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pmel.noaa.gov%2Fco2%2Fstory%2FWhat%2Bis%2BOcean%2BAcidification%253F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-orr05-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-orr05_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Orr, James C.; et al. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080625100559/http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/~jomce/acidification/paper/Orr_OnlineNature04095.pdf">„Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>437</b> (7059): 681—686. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Natur.437..681O">2005Natur.437..681O</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16193043">16193043</a>. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4306199">4306199</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04095">10.1038/nature04095</a>. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/~jomce/acidification/paper/Orr_OnlineNature04095.pdf">оригинала</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> 25. 6. 2008. г.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=Anthropogenic+ocean+acidification+over+the+twenty-first+century+and+its+impact+on+calcifying+organisms&rft.aufirst=James+C.&rft.aulast=Orr&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=7059&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=681-686&rft.volume=437&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipsl.jussieu.fr%2F~jomce%2Facidification%2Fpaper%2FOrr_OnlineNature04095.pdf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4306199&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Natur.437..681O&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature04095&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16193043&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen2009-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cohen2009_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cohen, A.; Holcomb, M. (2009). „Why Corals Care About Ocean Acidification: Uncovering the Mechanism”. <i>Oceanography</i>. <b>24</b> (4): 118—127. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5670%2Foceanog.2009.102">10.5670/oceanog.2009.102</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Слободан приступ"><img alt="Слободан приступ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle_System" class="extiw" title="en:Handle System">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/1912%2F3179">1912/3179</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=Why+Corals+Care+About+Ocean+Acidification%3A+Uncovering+the+Mechanism&rft.au=Holcomb%2C+M.&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Oceanography&rft.pages=118-127&rft.volume=24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5670%2Foceanog.2009.102&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1912%2F3179&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hönisch2012-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hönisch2012_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A4rbel_H%C3%B6nisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bärbel Hönisch (страница не постоји)">Hönisch, Bärbel</a>; Ridgwell, Andy; Schmidt, Daniela N.; Thomas, E.; et al. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/1874/385704/1/Geological_Record.pdf">„The Geological Record of Ocean Acidification”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_(%C4%8Dasopis)" title="Science (časopis)">Science</a></i>. <b>335</b> (6072): 1058—1063. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012Sci...335.1058H">2012Sci...335.1058H</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383840">22383840</a>. <a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6361097">6361097</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1208277">10.1126/science.1208277</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle_System" class="extiw" title="en:Handle System">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/1983%2F24fe327a-c509-4b6a-aa9a-a22616c42d49">1983/24fe327a-c509-4b6a-aa9a-a22616c42d49</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=The+Geological+Record+of+Ocean+Acidification&rft.au=Barker%2C+S.&rft.au=Foster%2C+G.+L.&rft.au=Gibbs%2C+S.+J.&rft.au=Greene%2C+S.+E.&rft.au=Kiessling%2C+W.&rft.au=Kump%2C+L.&rft.au=Marchitto%2C+T.+M.&rft.au=Martindale%2C+R.+C.&rft.au=Moyer%2C+R.&rft.au=Pelejero%2C+C.&rft.au=Ridgwell%2C+Andy&rft.au=Ries%2C+J.&rft.au=Royer%2C+D.+L.&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Daniela+N.&rft.au=Sluijs%2C+A.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+E.&rft.au=Williams%2C+B.&rft.au=Zachos%2C+J.+C.&rft.au=Zeebe%2C+R.&rft.au=Ziveri%2C+P.&rft.aufirst=B%C3%A4rbel&rft.aulast=H%C3%B6nisch&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6072&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=1058-1063&rft.volume=335&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6361097&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdspace.library.uu.nl%2Fbitstream%2F1874%2F385704%2F1%2FGeological_Record.pdf&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012Sci...335.1058H&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1208277&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1983%2F24fe327a-c509-4b6a-aa9a-a22616c42d49&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22383840&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gruber2011-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gruber2011_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Gruber, N. (18. 4. 2011). „Warming up, turning sour, losing breath: ocean biogeochemistry under global change”. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences</i>. <b>369</b> (1943): 1980—96. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011RSPTA.369.1980G">2011RSPTA.369.1980G</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21502171">21502171</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsta.2011.0003">10.1098/rsta.2011.0003</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Слободан приступ"><img alt="Слободан приступ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=Warming+up%2C+turning+sour%2C+losing+breath%3A+ocean+biogeochemistry+under+global+change&rft.aufirst=N.&rft.aulast=Gruber&rft.date=2011-04-18&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1943&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society+A%3A+Mathematical%2C+Physical+and+Engineering+Sciences&rft.pages=1980-96&rft.volume=369&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011RSPTA.369.1980G&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsta.2011.0003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21502171&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:CS1_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5:_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Категорија:CS1 одржавање: Формат датума">веза</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Уредите одељак „Литература”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=9" title="Уреди извор одељка: Литература"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28440192">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Hamblin, Jacob Darwin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6jrUK226eRgC&pg=PP1"><i>Oceanographers and the Cold War: Sisciples of Marine Science</i></a>. University of Washington Press. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-295-98482-7" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-295-98482-7">978-0-295-98482-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=Jacob+Darwin&rft.aulast=Hamblin&rft.btitle=Oceanographers+and+the+Cold+War%3A+Sisciples+of+Marine+Science&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-295-98482-7&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6jrUK226eRgC%26pg%3DPP1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Steele, J.; K. Turekian; S. Thorpe. (2001). <i>Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences</i>. San Diego: Academic Press. (6 vols.). <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-12-227430-5" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-12-227430-5">978-0-12-227430-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.au=K.+Turekian&rft.au=S.+Thorpe.&rft.au=Steele%2C+J.&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ocean+Sciences&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-227430-5&rft.place=San+Diego&rft.pub=Academic+Press.+%286+vols.%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Sverdrup, Keith A.; Duxbury, Alyn C.; Duxbury, Alison B. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsofoc0000sver"><i>Fundamentals of Oceanography</i></a>. McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-0-07-282678-4" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-0-07-282678-4">978-0-07-282678-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.au=Duxbury%2C+Alison+B.&rft.au=Duxbury%2C+Alyn+C.&rft.au=Sverdrup%2C+Keith+A.&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Oceanography&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-07-282678-4&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffundamentalsofoc0000sver&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>Lang, Michael A., Ian G. Macintyre, and Klaus Rützler, eds. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/MarineSciences/sc_RecordSingle.cfm?filename=SCMS-0038"><i>Proceedings of the Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium.</i></a> Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, no. 38. <span class="citation book">. Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2009.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=&rft.date=2009&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Scholarly+Press&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li>Boling Guo, Daiwen Huang. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9106"><i>Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems in Atmospheric and Oceanic Science</i></a>, World Scientific Publishing. 2014. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/978-981-4590-37-2" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/978-981-4590-37-2">978-981-4590-37-2</a>.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/suppl/10.1142/9106/suppl_file/9106_chap01.pdf">Sample Chapter</a></li> <li>Russell, Joellen Louise. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb3962043d/_3_1.pdf">[1]</a>, 2000, Regents of the University of California.</li> <li>Morrissey J and Sumich J (2011) <cite class="citation book">Morrissey, John; Sumich, James (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2cm_s-I01kcC&q=%22Introduction+to+the+Biology+of+Marine+Life%22"><i>Introduction to the Biology of Marine Life</i></a>. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9780763781606" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9780763781606">9780763781606</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.au=Sumich%2C+James&rft.aufirst=John&rft.aulast=Morrissey&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Biology+of+Marine+Life&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780763781606&rft.pub=Jones+%26+Bartlett+Publishers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2cm_s-I01kcC%26q%3D%2522Introduction%2Bto%2Bthe%2BBiology%2Bof%2BMarine%2BLife%2522&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> Jones & Bartlett Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_broj_knjige" title="Međunarodni standardni broj knjige">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE:%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8/9780763781606" title="Посебно:Штампани извори/9780763781606">9780763781606</a>.</li> <li>Mladenov, Philip V., Marine Biology: A Very Short Introduction, 2nd edn (Oxford, 2020; online edn, Very Short Introductions online, Feb. 2020), <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198841715.001.0001">http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198841715.001.0001</a>, accessed 21 Jun. 2020.</li> <li><cite class="citation book">DOE (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110525155035/http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/ftp/cdiac74/chapter5.pdf">„5”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Ур.: A.G. Dickson; C. Goyet. <i>Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water</i>. 2. ORNL/CDIAC-74. Архивирано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/ftp/cdiac74/chapter5.pdf">оригинала</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> 25. 05. 2011. г<span class="reference-accessdate">. Приступљено <span class="nowrap">27. 05. 2023</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsr.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&rft.atitle=5&rft.au=DOE&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+methods+for+the+analysis+of+the+various+parameters+of+the+carbon+dioxide+system+in+sea+water&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=ORNL%2FCDIAC-74&rft.series=2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcdiac.esd.ornl.gov%2Fftp%2Fcdiac74%2Fchapter5.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спољашње_везе"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.99.D0.B0.D1.88.D1.9A.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B5"></span>Спољашње везе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Уредите одељак „Спољашње везе”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&section=10" title="Уреди извор одељка: Спољашње везе"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554621">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25554968">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><span style="font-weight:bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oceanography" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oceanography">Океанографија</a></span> на <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Главна страна">Викимедијиној остави</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25554621"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25554968"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the 1922 <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> article <i><b><a href="https://sr.wikisource.org/wiki/1922_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="s:1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Океанографија">Океанографија</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/">NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory – Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC)</a>. A data centre responsible for archiving and distributing data about the physical state of the ocean.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scripps.ucsd.edu">Scripps Institution of Oceanography</a>. One of the world's oldest, largest, and most important centres for ocean and Earth science research, education, and public service.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whoi.edu">Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)</a>. One of the world's largest private, non-profit ocean research, engineering and education organizations.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bodc.ac.uk/">British Oceanographic Data Centre</a>. A source of oceanographic data and information.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060211015453/http://dapper.pmel.noaa.gov/dchart/">NOAA Ocean and Weather Data Navigator</a>. Plot and download ocean data.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/10">Freeview Video 'Voyage to the Bottom of the Deep Deep Sea' Oceanography Programme</a> by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vega_Science_Trust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vega Science Trust (страница не постоји)">Vega Science Trust</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open University (страница не постоји)">Open University</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atlas.investigadhoc.com/">Atlas of Spanish Oceanography</a> by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130602181200/http://investigadhoc.com/">InvestigAdHoc</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927020036/http://stommel.tamu.edu/~baum/paleo/ocean/">Glossary of Physical Oceanography and Related Disciplines </a> by Steven K. Baum, Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141109094549/http://barcelona-ocean.com/">Barcelona-Ocean.com </a>. Inspiring Education in Marine Sciences</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180905125513/http://cfoo.co.za/seaatlas/index.php">[2]</a>. A source of oceanographic live data (buoy monitoring) and education for South African coasts.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00547lb">Oceanography</a> on <a href="/w/index.php?title=In_Our_Time_(BBC_Radio_4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="In Our Time (BBC Radio 4) (страница не постоји)"><i>In Our Time</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25469611">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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