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fmbox fmbox-system\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"border:1px solid #0077BB;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-image\"\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Treffpunkt.svg/40px-Treffpunkt.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"26\" height=\"26\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Treffpunkt.svg/60px-Treffpunkt.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"512\" /\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EOtvoren je \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Zahtjev_za_komentare/Nazivi_%C4%8Dlanaka\" title=\"Wikipedija:Zahtjev za komentare/Nazivi članaka\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EZahtjev za komentare o nazivima članaka\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Mrežno mjesto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Planeti_u_Sunčevom_sustavu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planeti_u_Sunčevom_sustavu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Planeti_u_Sunčevom_sustavu-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Planeti_u_Sunčevom_sustavu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klasifikacija_planeta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klasifikacija_planeta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Klasifikacija planeta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klasifikacija_planeta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svojstva_planeta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svojstva_planeta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Svojstva planeta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svojstva_planeta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planeti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planeti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Planeti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Planeti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Planeti</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Planeti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Merkur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Merkur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Merkur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Merkur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Venera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Venera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Venera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Venera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zemlja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zemlja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Zemlja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zemlja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Mars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jupiter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jupiter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Jupiter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jupiter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saturn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saturn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Saturn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saturn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Uran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neptun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neptun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Neptun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neptun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kružno_gibanje_planeta_oko_Sunca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kružno_gibanje_planeta_oko_Sunca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kružno gibanje planeta oko Sunca</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kružno_gibanje_planeta_oko_Sunca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sadržaj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Planet</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 233 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-233" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">233 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%95%E1%88%8B%E1%8A%94%E1%89%B5" title="ፕላኔት – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፕላኔት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dweligende_tungol" title="Dweligende tungol – staroengleski" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Dweligende tungol" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="staroengleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%A0%DC%9D%DC%9B%DC%90" title="ܦܠܝܛܐ – aramejski" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܠܝܛܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8" title="كوكب – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كوكب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্ৰহ – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D9%86" title="گزه‌گن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گزه‌گن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9t" title="Planét – balijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Planét" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Плянэта – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Плянэта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang_ider" title="Bintang ider – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bintang ider" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palanit" title="Palanit – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Palanit" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F" title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျိုလ်ႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="গ্রহ – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="གཡོ་སྐར། – tibetski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གཡོ་སྐར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedenn" title="Planedenn – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Planedenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanet" title="Polanet – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Polanet" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A0ng-s%C4%ADng" title="Giàng-sĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Giàng-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сайрат – čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сайрат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="ھەسارە – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھەسارە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – korzički" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyare" title="Seyyare – krimski turski" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Seyyare" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimski turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планита – crkvenoslavenski" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Планита" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="crkvenoslavenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planed" title="Planed – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Planed" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geyren%C4%B1k" title="Geyrenık – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Geyrenık" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%80%DE%A6" title="ގުރަހަ – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގުރަހަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Πλανήτης – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλανήτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianaid" title="Pianaid – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Pianaid" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planedo" title="Planedo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Planedo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سیاره – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeetta" title="Planeetta – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Planeetta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hod%27ot%C3%A4ht" title="Hod'otäht – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hod'otäht" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veivuravura" title="Veivuravura – fidžijski" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Veivuravura" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongustj%C3%B8rnur" title="Gongustjørnur – ferojski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gongustjørnur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ferojski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8ta" title="Planèta – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Planèta" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeete" title="Planeete – sjevernofrizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Planeete" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjevernofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – furlanski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad" title="Pláinéad – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Pláinéad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – škotski gaelski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski gaelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yv%C3%B3ra" title="Yvóra – gvaranski" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvóra" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9" title="ગ્રહ – gudžaratski" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગ્રહ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planaid" title="Planaid – manski" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Planaid" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duniyoyi" title="Duniyoyi – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Duniyoyi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0ng-s%C3%AAn" title="Hàng-sên – hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hàng-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%AB_hele" title="Hōkū hele – havajski" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōkū hele" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="havajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%91_%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%AA" title="כוכב לכת – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוכב לכת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grah" title="Grah – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Grah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolyg%C3%B3" title="Bolygó – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bolygó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Մոլորակ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոլորակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մոլորակներ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մոլորակներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – interligua" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interligua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbara_ala" title="Mbara ala – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mbara ala" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullugiaq" title="Ullugiaq – inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Ullugiaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Дуне – ingušetski" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дуне" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingušetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeto" title="Planeto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Planeto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reikistjarna" title="Reikistjarna – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Reikistjarna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%91%E6%98%9F" title="惑星 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="惑星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/plini" title="plini – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="plini" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planit" title="Planit – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Planit" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itrikli" title="Itrikli – kabilski" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Itrikli" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%CC%B1lanet" title="Pi̱lanet – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Pi̱lanet" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mweta" title="Mweta – kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mweta" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ғаламшар – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғаламшар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96" title="ភព – kmerski" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភព" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kmerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%96%89%EC%84%B1" title="행성 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="행성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%81%D9%8F%D8%AF" title="گرٛہُد – kašmirski" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛہُد" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_(A%C3%9Ftronomie)" title="Planet (Aßtronomie) – kelnski" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Planet (Aßtronomie)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kelnski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerst%C3%AArk" title="Gerstêrk – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gerstêrk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Планет – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Планет" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9it" title="Planéit – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Planéit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – lezgiški" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgiški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94_mwa_mal%C3%ADli" title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Monzɔ́tɔ mwa malíli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C4%93ta" title="Planēta – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Planēta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8t" title="Planèt – madurski" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Planèt" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fajiry" title="Fajiry – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fajiry" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Планете – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Планете" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="ഗ്രഹം – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Гараг – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гараг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4_(%EA%AF%88%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%86%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9C)" title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ) – manipurski" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯜ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjaneta" title="Pjaneta – malteški" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Pjaneta" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malteški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – mirandski" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="ဂြိုဟ် – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Чарытеште – mordvinski" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чарытеште" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordvinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%87_(%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85)" title="گردله (نجوم) – mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گردله (نجوم)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citlaltlalli" title="Citlaltlalli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Citlaltlalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chianeta" title="Chianeta – napolitanski" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Chianeta" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="ग्रह – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="गरः – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गरः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Planeet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plian%C3%A8te" title="Plianète – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Plianète" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilaaneetoota" title="Pilaaneetoota – oromski" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Pilaaneetoota" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9" title="ଗ୍ରହ – orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଗ୍ରହ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Планетæ – osetski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Планетæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF" title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰਹਿ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A8te" title="Planète – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Planète" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سیارا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیارا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سياره – paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سياره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiqsimuyuhina" title="Tiqsimuyuhina – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tiqsimuyuhina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – retoromanski" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiyaron" title="Shiyaron – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Shiyaron" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C4%83" title="Planetă – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Planetă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet%C3%A2" title="Planetâ – aromunski" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Planetâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – santalski" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praneta" title="Praneta – sardski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Praneta" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – sicilijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DA%BE" title="گرھ – sindski" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گرھ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planehta" title="Planehta – sjeverni sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Planehta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sjeverni sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="လူၵ်ႈ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လူၵ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9A" title="ග්‍රහලෝක – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ග්‍රහලෝක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan%C3%A9ta" title="Planéta – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Planéta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%92" title="سیارے – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سیارے" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaaneet" title="Plaaneet – inari sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Plaaneet" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="inari sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chindeya" title="Chindeya – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chindeya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meere" title="Meere – somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Meere" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeti" title="Planeti – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Planeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polanete" title="Polanete – sesotski" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Polanete" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bintang" title="Bintang – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bintang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayari" title="Sayari – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – šleski" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="šleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கோள் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9" title="ಗ್ರಹ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಗ್ರಹ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%82" title="గ్రహం – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రహం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%91%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сайёра – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сайёра" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="ดาวเคราะห์ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวเคราะห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gezegen" title="Gezegen – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gezegen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanya" title="Chanya – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chanya" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – udmurtski" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95" title="سەييارە – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەييارە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Планета – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Планета" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="سیارہ – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیارہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayyora" title="Sayyora – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sayyora" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta – venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pianeta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0nh_tinh" title="Hành tinh – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hành tinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet" title="Planet – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Planet" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bole_(astronomeye)" title="Bole (astronomeye) – valonski" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bole (astronomeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeta" title="Planeta – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Planeta" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Һариг – kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="პლანეტა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პლანეტა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98" title="פלאנעט – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פלאנעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1n%E1%BA%B9%CC%81t%C3%AC" title="Plánẹ́tì – jorupski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Plánẹ́tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorupski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqbyaij" title="Ndaundeiqbyaij – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqbyaij" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planete" title="Planete – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Planete" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A1%E2%B4%B3" title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ – standardni marokanski tamašek" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standardni marokanski tamašek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%CC%8Dk-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="He̍k-chheⁿ – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="He̍k-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="行星" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umzulane" title="Umzulane – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umzulane" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q634#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Planet" rel="discussion" title="Razgovorna stranica [t]" 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class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Solar_System_true_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/375px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="375" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/563px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Solar_System_true_color.jpg/750px-Solar_System_true_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Planeti Sunčevog sustava i Sunce u stvarnoj boji i ispravnom omjeru veličina poredani od najdaljeg do najbližeg Suncu</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Planet</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik">lat</a>. <i>planetae</i>, prema <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Grčki jezik">grč</a>. <i>πλανήτης</i>: koji luta) je <a href="/wiki/Nebesko_tijelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebesko tijelo">nebesko tijelo</a> koje obilazi oko <a href="/wiki/Zvijezda" title="Zvijezda">zvijezde</a> (u našem <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevom sustavu</a> to je <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunce</a>) i koje se kreće <a href="/wiki/Elipsa" title="Elipsa">eliptičnom</a> <a href="/wiki/Putanja" title="Putanja">putanjom</a> oko zvijezde, dovoljno veliko da ga oblikuje vlastita <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacija</a>, svijetli odraženom <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Deva_svjetlost" title="Sunčeva svjetlost">Sunčevom svjetlošću</a> i može imati vlastite <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_satelit" title="Prirodni satelit">prirodne satelite</a>. Za razliku od zvijezda, planeti nemaju vlastiti izvor <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">energije</a>, to jest u njihovoj unutrašnjosti ne dolazi do <a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fuzija" title="Nuklearna fuzija">nuklearne fuzije</a>. Budući da postoji mnoštvo tijela koja kruže oko zvijezde, planetima smatramo samo one značajnijih masa, koji kruže približno u ravnini <a href="/wiki/Ekliptika" title="Ekliptika">ekliptike</a>. Također oko planeta mogu kružiti manja tijela koja nazivamo mjesecima, pratiocima ili <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_satelit" title="Prirodni satelit">prirodnim satelitima</a>. Fizički se planeti razlikuju od zvijezda <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masom</a> barem 100 puta manjom od Sunčeve, pa u svojem središtu ne mogu imati <a href="/wiki/Nuklearna_fuzija" title="Nuklearna fuzija">termonuklearni izvor energije</a> zbog premalena gravitacijskoga <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlaka</a>. </p><p>Do početka <a href="/wiki/1990-ih" title="1990-ih">1990-ih</a> bilo je poznato 9 planeta, svi u <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevom sustavu</a>. Danas se u Sunčevom sustavu broji 8 planeta, dok je <a href="/wiki/Pluton" title="Pluton">Pluton</a> svrstan u kategoriju <a href="/wiki/Patuljasti_planet" title="Patuljasti planet">patuljastih planeta</a>, poput <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(patuljasti_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceres (patuljasti planet)">Cerere</a>, <a href="/wiki/136199_Eris" class="mw-redirect" title="136199 Eris">Erisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/136108_Haumea" title="136108 Haumea">Haumea</a> i drugih. To su, razvrstani redom srednjih udaljenosti od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>: <a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venera" title="Venera">Venera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">Uran</a> i <a href="/wiki/Neptun" title="Neptun">Neptun</a>. Prva su četiri unutrašnji ili <a href="/wiki/Terestri%C4%8Dki_planeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Terestrički planeti">terestrički planeti</a>, odijeljeni od ostalih, <a href="/wiki/Jovijanski_planeti" title="Jovijanski planeti">jovijanskih</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asteroidni_pojas" title="Asteroidni pojas">glavnim asteroidnim pojasom</a>. Planetne se staze nalaze gotovo u jednoj ravnini i, osim Merkurove, malo se razlikuju od <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%BEnica" title="Kružnica">kružnice</a>. Svi se planeti oko Sunca gibaju istim smjerom (protivno satnoj kazaljci ako se promatraju od Sjevernoga prema Južnom Zemljinu polu). <a href="/wiki/Vrtnja" title="Vrtnja">Vrtnja</a> većine planeta oko svoje osi istoga je smjera, no Venera se okreće suprotno, a Uranova os vrtnje leži gotovo u ravnini njegove staze. Golim okom jasno se vide Merkur, Venera, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, koje su poznavali stari narodi; Uran se slabo vidi u optimalnim uvjetima, a Neptun nikako. Posljednja dva planeta otkrivena su u novom vijeku. Planeti su najprije, zajedno s <a href="/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec">Mjesecom</a> i Suncem, bili smatrani Zemljinim pratiocima (<a href="/wiki/Geocentri%C4%8Dni_sustav" title="Geocentrični sustav">geocentrični sustav</a>), a od <a href="/wiki/Zvijezda" title="Zvijezda">zvijezda</a> ih se razlikovalo po tome što stalno mijenjaju mjesta. </p><p>U novije vrijeme razvijene su metode pronalaženja planeta oko drugih zvijezda u bliskom galaktičkom susjedstvu, na udaljenostima od nekoliko <a href="/wiki/Svjetlosna_godina" title="Svjetlosna godina">svjetlosnih godina</a>. Do danas je potvrđeno postojanje preko 3760 <a href="/wiki/Ekstrasolarni_planeti" title="Ekstrasolarni planeti">ekstrasolarnih planeta</a>. </p><p>Smatra se da planeti nastaju iz <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetarni_disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoplanetarni disk">protoplanetarnog diska</a>, u procesu formiranja zvjezdanog sustava (<a href="/wiki/Kozmogonija" title="Kozmogonija">kozmogonija</a>). Plin i prašina koji kruže oko <a href="/wiki/Protozvijezda" title="Protozvijezda">protozvijezde</a> zgušnjavaju se u rotirajući disk u kojem se stvaraju nakupine čestica. Ove nakupine povećavaju masu pod utjecajem <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacije</a>, sudaraju se i stvaraju veća tijela - planete. </p><p>Naziv planet dolazi od grčke riječi <i>planetes</i>, što znači "lutalice". Naziv je nastao u vrijeme kada su stari narodi opažali da neka tijela mijenjaju svoj položaj na nebeskom svodu. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planeti_u_Sunčevom_sustavu"><span id="Planeti_u_Sun.C4.8Devom_sustavu"></span>Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Osim Zemlje, svi planeti u Sunčevom sustavu dobili su imena po bogovima iz <a href="/wiki/Rimska_mitologija" title="Rimska mitologija">rimske mitologije</a>. Uran je dobio ime po <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_mitologija" title="Grčka mitologija">grčkom</a> <a href="/wiki/Bog" title="Bog">bogu</a>. </p><p>Planeti našeg Sunčevog sustava su (redom po udaljenosti od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>): </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Merkur_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkur (planet)">Merkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venera_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venera (planet)">Venera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemlja_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemlja (planet)">Zemlja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (planet)">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturn (planet)">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uran_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uran (planet)">Uran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klasifikacija_planeta">Klasifikacija planeta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Klasifikacija planeta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Klasifikacija planeta"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Elongacija.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/thumb/0/0c/Elongacija.png/250px-Elongacija.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/hr/0/0c/Elongacija.png 1.5x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="306" /></a><figcaption>Skica pokazuje <a href="/wiki/Kut" title="Kut">kutove</a> između <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> i planeta s obzirom na položaj <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a>: <a href="/wiki/Elongacija" title="Elongacija">elongaciju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konjunkcija_(astronomija)" title="Konjunkcija (astronomija)">konjukciju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opozicija_(astronomija)" title="Opozicija (astronomija)">opoziciju</a> i kvadraturu.</figcaption></figure> <p>Planeti u Sunčevom sustavu podijeljeni su, prema kemijskom sastavu, u dvije osnovne kategorije. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terestri%C4%8Dki_planet" title="Terestrički planet">terestrički</a> ili kameni: planeti slični Zemlji, sastavljeni uglavnom od <a href="/wiki/Stijena" title="Stijena">stijena</a>: Merkur, Venera, Zemlja, Mars,</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jovijanski_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Jovijanski planet">jovijanski</a>: sastavljeni najvećim dijelom od <i><a href="/wiki/Plinoviti_div" title="Plinoviti div">plina</a>:</i> Jupiter, Saturn i <i><a href="/wiki/Ledeni_div" title="Ledeni div">leda</a></i>: Uran, Neptun.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Svojstva_planeta">Svojstva planeta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Svojstva planeta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Svojstva planeta"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Planet </td> <td>Najveći promjer<br />[ <a href="/wiki/Km" class="mw-redirect" title="Km">km</a> ] </td> <td>Period revolucije<br />[ <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan"><b>d</b>ana</a> ] </td> <td>Srednja udaljenost od Sunca<br />[milijuna <a href="/wiki/Km" class="mw-redirect" title="Km">km</a> ] </td> <td>Temperatura na površini<br />[ <a href="/wiki/%C2%B0C" class="mw-redirect" title="°C">°C</a> ] </td> <td>Sateliti </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Merkur</b> </td> <td>4920 </td> <td>87,9 </td> <td>56,9 </td> <td>-170 do 430 </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Venera</b> </td> <td>12 100 </td> <td>224,7 </td> <td>108,2 </td> <td>480 </td> <td>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Zemlja</b> </td> <td>12 756 </td> <td>365,26 </td> <td>149,6 </td> <td>15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec">Mjesec</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Mars</b> </td> <td>6 800 </td> <td>686 </td> <td>227,9 </td> <td>-140 do 20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fobos_(mjesec)" title="Fobos (mjesec)">Fobos</a> i <a href="/wiki/Deimos_(mjesec)" title="Deimos (mjesec)">Deimos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Jupiter</b> </td> <td>142 700 </td> <td>4 333 </td> <td>778,3 </td> <td>-120 do -160 </td> <td>79 satelita </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Saturn</b> </td> <td>120 800 </td> <td>10 759 </td> <td>1, 428 </td> <td>-130 do -190 </td> <td>82 satelita </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Uran</b> </td> <td>52 900 </td> <td>30 685 </td> <td>2,872 </td> <td>-210 </td> <td>27 satelita </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Neptun</b> </td> <td>44 600 </td> <td>60 189 </td> <td>4,498 </td> <td>-110 do -220 </td> <td>14 satelita </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>S obzirom na položaj Zemlje u Sunčevu sustavu, planeti se dijele na donje (bliži Suncu) i gornje (dalji nego što je Zemlja) te se nalaze u različitim odnosima prema Suncu (<a href="/wiki/Aspekt" class="mw-disambig" title="Aspekt">aspekt</a>). Donji planeti prividno titraju oko Sunca, udaljujući se do položaja pod kutom od najviše 28° (Merkur) i 47° (Venera), te se mogu pojaviti ili ujutro prije Sunčeva izlaska (zapadna <a href="/wiki/Elongacija" title="Elongacija">elongacija</a>) ili uvečer prije njegova zalaska (istočna elongacija). Budući da se ravnine u kojima se planeti gibaju oko Sunca ne podudaraju sa Zemljinom, planeti neće svaki put prijeći iza Sunca (<a href="/wiki/Okultacija" title="Okultacija">okultacija</a>) ili ispred njega (<a href="/wiki/Tranzit_(astronomija)" title="Tranzit (astronomija)">tranzit</a>); te se pojave ponavljaju u višegodišnjim razmacima. Gornji planeti obilaze oko Sunca manjom <a href="/wiki/Kutna_brzina" title="Kutna brzina">kutnom brzinom</a> nego Zemlja, pa se nakon konjunkcije prividno gibaju prema zapadu (tada se vide ujutro) sve dok ne stignu u opoziciju, kada nastavljaju kao večernja nebeska tijela. U odnosu na zvijezde, gibaju se od zapada prema istoku u složenoj putanji koja, kada su u području opozicije, pokazuje petlje, a tada se djelomice gibaju prema zapadu. Položaji planeta na <a href="/wiki/Nebeska_sfera" title="Nebeska sfera">nebeskoj sferi</a> računaju se vrlo točno, a objavljuju kao <a href="/wiki/Efemeride" title="Efemeride">efemeride</a>. </p><p>Po fizičkim svojstvima razlikuju se planeti Zemljine i Jupiterove skupine. Merkur, Venera, Zemlja i Mars (<a href="/wiki/Terestri%C4%8Dki_planeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Terestrički planeti">terestrički planeti</a>) imaju čvrstu površinu i tanku <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosferu</a>, osim Merkura koji je bez prave atmosfere, odnosno ima <a href="/wiki/Egzosfera" title="Egzosfera">egzosferu</a>. Građeni su od <i>stijenja</i> koje sadrži <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo">željezo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij">silicij</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kisik" title="Kisik">kisik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnezij" title="Magnezij">magnezij</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aluminij" title="Aluminij">aluminij</a> i drugo. Razmjerno su velike prosječne <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoće</a> (3,9 do 5,5 g/cm³). Vanjski planeti (<a href="/wiki/Jovijanski_planeti" title="Jovijanski planeti">jovijanski planeti</a>), divovski su i izgrađeni pretežno od <i>plinova</i>: <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Helij" title="Helij">helija</a> pa su male prosječne gustoće (0,7 do 1,7 g/cm³). U unutrašnjosti svih planeta tvari su na vrlo visokom <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlaku</a> i temperaturi zbog zarobljene primordijalne <a href="/wiki/Toplina" title="Toplina">topline</a>: u terestričkim planetima su <a href="/wiki/Teku%C4%87ine" title="Tekućine">tekućine</a>, a u jovijanskim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superkriti%C4%8Dni_fluid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superkritični fluid (stranica ne postoji)">superkritični fluidi</a>. Površinska temperatura planeta ovisi o udaljenosti od Sunca i o prisutnosti, odnosno o sastavu atmosfere. Najvišu temperaturu imaju površine Merkura (430 °C) i Venere (460 °C). Fizičko stanje planeta i njihovih satelita danas se istražuje uz pomoć <a href="/wiki/Svemirske_letjelice" title="Svemirske letjelice">svemirskih letjelica</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planeti">Planeti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Planeti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Planeti"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Mercury_in_true_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mercury_in_true_color.jpg/250px-Mercury_in_true_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mercury_in_true_color.jpg/500px-Mercury_in_true_color.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1040" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Merkur" title="Merkur">Merkur</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Composite_Venus_true_color.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Composite_Venus_true_color.png/240px-Composite_Venus_true_color.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Composite_Venus_true_color.png/360px-Composite_Venus_true_color.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Composite_Venus_true_color.png/480px-Composite_Venus_true_color.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Venera" title="Venera">Venera</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/240px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/360px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/480px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlja</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Tharsis_and_Valles_Marineris_-_Mars_Orbiter_Mission_(30055660701).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Tharsis_and_Valles_Marineris_-_Mars_Orbiter_Mission_%2830055660701%29.png/250px-Tharsis_and_Valles_Marineris_-_Mars_Orbiter_Mission_%2830055660701%29.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Tharsis_and_Valles_Marineris_-_Mars_Orbiter_Mission_%2830055660701%29.png/500px-Tharsis_and_Valles_Marineris_-_Mars_Orbiter_Mission_%2830055660701%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg/240px-Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg/360px-Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg/480px-Portrait_of_Jupiter_from_Cassini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_(2004-07-17).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg/240px-Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg/360px-Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg/480px-Saturn_from_Cassini_Orbiter_%282004-07-17%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="634" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturn</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/240px-Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/360px-Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/480px-Uranus_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="830" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">Uran</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/240px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/360px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png/480px-Neptune_Voyager2_color_calibrated.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Neptun" title="Neptun">Neptun</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Merkur">Merkur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Merkur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Merkur"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Merkur_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merkur (planet)">Merkur (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Merkur</b> je planet najbliži <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Suncu</a>; sivo tijelo prepuno kratera, vrlo izdužene <a href="/wiki/Planetarna_putanja" title="Planetarna putanja">staze</a>, kojoj <a href="/wiki/Elipsa" title="Elipsa">numerički ekscentricitet</a> iznosi 0,206, pa pokazuje <a href="/wiki/Op%C4%87a_teorija_relativnosti" title="Opća teorija relativnosti">relativistički</a> <a href="/wiki/Zakret_perihela" title="Zakret perihela">zakret perihela</a>. Maksimalna kutna udaljenost (<a href="/wiki/Elongacija" title="Elongacija">elongacija</a>) od Sunca iznosi 28°. Nema prirodnog satelita. U prosjeku je od Sunca udaljen 0,387 astronomskih jedinica (<a href="/wiki/AJ" class="mw-redirect" title="AJ">AJ</a>) ili 57,91 milijuna <a href="/wiki/Kilometar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometar">kilometara</a>, a približava se na 0,31 AJ (46 001 200 km) ili udaljuje na 0,47 AJ (69 816 900 km). Oko Sunca obiđe za <a href="/wiki/Zvjezdana_godina" title="Zvjezdana godina">zvjezdanu godinu</a> (sideričku godinu) jednaku 88 <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan">dana</a>. <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">Promjer</a> mu je 4 879,4 km, <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masa</a> 0,055 Zemljine mase, srednja <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoća</a> 5 430 kg/m³. Os vrtnje okomita je na stazu. Okreće se vrlo sporo i njegov <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">siderički dan</a> traje 58,65 dana, što iznosi 2/3 sideričke godine, dok mu <a href="/wiki/Sinodi%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Sinodički dan">sinodički (Sunčev) dan</a> traje 176 dana. Posljedica njegovog svojstvenog gibanja je dvostruk izlazak Sunca ili dvostruko podne gledano s većine njegove površine. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Venera">Venera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Venera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Venera"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Venera_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venera (planet)">Venera (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Venera</b> je drugi planet po udaljenosti od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>, bijele površine atmosfere s gotovo nikakvim obilježjima, bez <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_satelit" title="Prirodni satelit">satelita</a>, nešto manji od <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a> (<a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">promjer</a> 12 104 <a href="/wiki/Kilometar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometar">kilometara</a>). Na <a href="/wiki/Nebeska_sfera" title="Nebeska sfera">nebu</a> je najsjajniji planet i pokazuje <a href="/wiki/Venerine_mijene" title="Venerine mijene">Venerine mijene</a>. Od Sunca se najviše udalji 47° pa se vidi ili uvečer kao <i>Večernja zvijezda</i> ili ujutro kao <i>Jutarnja zvijezda</i>, odnosno <i>Danica</i>. Os vrtnje gotovo je okomita na ravninu staze. Okreće se <a href="/wiki/Retrogradno_gibanje" title="Retrogradno gibanje">retrogradno</a> (smjer dnevnoga prividnog gibanja Sunca suprotan je onomu na Zemlji) i najsporije od svih planeta; siderički period vrtnje (<a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">siderički period</a>) traje 243,0 <a href="/wiki/Dan" title="Dan">dana</a> i dulji je od godine, koja traje 224,7 dana, dok <a href="/wiki/Sideri%C4%8Dki_dan" title="Siderički dan">Sunčev dan</a> na Veneri traje 116,7 dana, što je sumjerljivo s njezinom sinodičkom godinom (<a href="/wiki/Zvjezdana_godina" title="Zvjezdana godina">zvjezdana godina</a>) od 583,9 dana. Veneru je posjetilo 26 letjelica: <a href="/wiki/Venera_1" title="Venera 1">Venera 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mariner_2" title="Mariner 2">Mariner 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zond_1" title="Zond 1">Zond 1</a>, Venera 2-8, <a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venera_9" title="Venera 9">Venera 9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venera_10" title="Venera 10">Venera 10</a>, Pioneer Venus 1, 2, Venera 11-16, <a href="/wiki/Vega" title="Vega">Vega</a> 1, 2, <a href="/wiki/Galileo" class="mw-redirect" title="Galileo">Galileo</a> i <a href="/wiki/Magellan" class="mw-redirect" title="Magellan">Magellan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zemlja">Zemlja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Zemlja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Zemlja"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Zemlja_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemlja (planet)">Zemlja (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Zemlja</b> je treći planet po redoslijedu udaljenosti od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> i najveći među unutarnjim planetima. Izgledom je plavkasto-bijela, blještava kugla. Prosječno je od Sunca udaljen 149,6 milijuna <a href="/wiki/Kilometar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometar">kilometara</a>, što se uzima kao <a href="/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica">astronomska jedinica</a> (<a href="/wiki/AJ" class="mw-redirect" title="AJ">AJ</a>). <a href="/wiki/Zemljina_putanja" title="Zemljina putanja">Zemljina putanja</a> nije jako izdužena, <a href="/wiki/Elipsa" title="Elipsa">numerički ekscentricitet</a> Zemljine staze iznosi 0,016 79, zbog čega se Zemlja Suncu približi za 2,5 milijuna kilometara (<a href="/wiki/Perihel" title="Perihel">perihel</a>, oko 4. siječnja) ili udalji za jednako toliko (<a href="/wiki/Afel" title="Afel">afel</a>, oko 4. srpnja). Ekscentricitet se u 100 000 godina mijenja za iznos od približno 0,003 2 do 0,005 7. S vremenom se mijenja i položaj Zemljine staze u ravnini gibanja, pa godišnji progradni <a href="/wiki/Zakret_perihela" title="Zakret perihela">zakret perihela</a> (pomicanje u smjeru ophoda oko Sunca), potaknut utjecajem planeta i <a href="/wiki/Op%C4%87a_teorija_relativnosti" title="Opća teorija relativnosti">relativističkim učinkom</a>, iznosi 11,63". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mars">Mars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Mars" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Mars"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mars (planet)">Mars (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Mars</b> je planet upola manji od Zemlje, smećkasto-narančaste boje s tamnijim regijama i bijelim oblacima. Promjer mu je oko 6 800 km. Dan je gotovo iste duljine, ali za obilazak oko Sunca mu treba 686 dana. Od Sunca je udaljen 227 939 100 km, a prosječna <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> na površini je -50 °C. Mars ima dva prirodna satelita, <a href="/wiki/Fobos_(mjesec)" title="Fobos (mjesec)">Fobos</a> i <a href="/wiki/Deimos_(mjesec)" title="Deimos (mjesec)">Deimos</a>, dva asteroida koja su se previše približila Marsu te ih je on zarobio svojom gravitacijom. Oba su nepravilna oblika. Vallis Marineris je neobičan kanjon koji se proteže skoro nešto više od polovice Marsa. Na Marsu su radili roveri <i><a href="/wiki/Spirit" title="Spirit">Spirit</a></i> i <i><a href="/wiki/Opportunity" title="Opportunity">Opportunity</a></i> koji su svoju misiju završili, a radili više od 1,5 godinu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jupiter">Jupiter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Jupiter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Jupiter"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (planet)">Jupiter (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Jupiter</b> je planet s najvećim <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">promjerom</a> i najvećom <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masom</a> u <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevu sustavu</a>, elipsoidnog oblika, blagih narančasto-smeđih boja i slabijih kontrasta atmosferskih obilježja zbog <a href="/wiki/Fotokemijski_smog" title="Fotokemijski smog">fotokemijskog smoga</a>. Peti je po udaljenosti od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> (prosječna udaljenost mu je 778 milijuna <a href="/wiki/Kilometar" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilometar">kilometara</a>); jednom obiđe Sunce za 11,862 <a href="/wiki/Godina" title="Godina">godina</a>. <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">Masa</a> mu je 318,4 puta veća od Zemljine, a <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoća</a> mu je samo oko 1/4 gustoće Zemlje. Velik dio mase tvore <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodik</a> i helij, koje zbog velike mase i <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacije</a> Jupiter nije izgubio od početaka Sunčevog sustava prije oko 4,57 milijarde godina, kao što se zbilo s terestričkim planetima. Sondiranja planeta i ispitivanje spektra zvijezda okultiranih Jupiterom dala su podatke o njegovom sastavu. Jupiter ima razmjerno malu, fluidnu <a href="/wiki/Silikati" title="Silikati">silikatnu</a> jezgru bez oštro ograničenog kemijskog sastava, okruženu dvama slojevima fluidnog vodika: donji sloj, pod većim <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlakom</a>, ima metalna svojstva, to jest vodikovi su <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektroni</a> u slabo vezanom ili u slobodnom stanju; gornji je sloj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superkriti%C4%8Dan_fluid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superkritičan fluid (stranica ne postoji)">superkritično fluidan</a> vodik u <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekularnom</a> stanju (H<sub>2</sub>). Iznad se nalazi se <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a> vodika i helija debljine oko 1000 km (1/70 polumjera planeta). Planet nema ni tekuću ni čvrstu površinu. U atmosferi su utvrđene i male količine <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amonijak" title="Amonijak">amonijaka</a>, sumporovodika, amonijevog hidrogensulfida i smrznute vode. Fotokemijski procesi i boje koje se vide na Jupiteru ukazuju na postojanje različitih <a href="/wiki/Organski_spoj" title="Organski spoj">organskih spojeva</a> i složenih anorganskih <a href="/wiki/Polimer" title="Polimer">polimera</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saturn">Saturn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: Saturn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Saturn"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturn (planet)">Saturn (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Saturn</b> je šesti planet u <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevu sustavu</a>. Izgledom je vrlo spljošten elipsoid bež-žućkaste boje sa slabim kontrastima atmosferskog pruganja. Prsten je sjajniji i vrlo slabo smeđe boje, gotovo siv. Planet je od Sunca udaljen 9,54 <a href="/wiki/AJ" class="mw-redirect" title="AJ">AJ</a> odnosno 1 429 400 000 km, <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">promjera</a> 120 536 km (na <a href="/wiki/Ekvator" title="Ekvator">ekvatoru</a>) i <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masu</a> 5,68 × 10<sup>26</sup> kg. Saturn je po <a href="/wiki/Volumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Volumen">volumenu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masi</a> drugi planet nakon <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter (planet)">Jupitera</a>. Uz Jupiter, <a href="/wiki/Uran_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uran (planet)">Uran</a> i <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun</a> pripada skupini <a href="/wiki/Plinoviti_div" title="Plinoviti div">plinovitih divova</a>, planeta vanjskog dijela Sunčevog sustava. Saturn je planet najmanje <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoće</a> i s najvećim prstenom. Obiđe Sunce za 29,5 godina na srednjoj udaljenosti 1,426 · 10<sup>9</sup> <a href="/wiki/Km" class="mw-redirect" title="Km">km</a>. Tijelo mu je znatno spljošteno (<a href="/wiki/Ekvator" title="Ekvator">ekvatorski</a> promjer 120 536 km, polarni promjer 108 728 km), tako da je najspljošteniji od planeta. Masa mu je 95 puta veća od Zemljine. Jedini je planet kojem je prosječna <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoća</a> manja od gustoće vode (690 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram_po_metru_kubnom" title="Kilogram po metru kubnom">kg/m<sup>3</sup></a>). Kao ni drugi jovijanski planeti, ni Saturn nema tekuću ili čvrstu površinu, a sastavom i strukturom unutrašnjosti je vrlo sličan Jupiteru. Najpoznatije obilježje Saturna su <a href="/wiki/Saturnovi_prsteni" title="Saturnovi prsteni">planetarni prsteni</a> koji ga okružuju u 7 pojaseva, označenih slovima A do G. Saturn su istraživale letjelice <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_11" title="Pioneer 11">Pioneer 11</a> (1979.), <a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a> (1980.), <a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a> (1981.), a umjetnim satelitom postala je <a href="/wiki/Svemirska_letjelica" class="mw-redirect" title="Svemirska letjelica">svemirska letjelica</a> <a href="/wiki/Cassini-Huygens" title="Cassini-Huygens">Cassini-Huygens</a>, u srpnju 2004. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uran">Uran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak: Uran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Uran"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Uran_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uran (planet)">Uran (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Uran</b> je sedmi po redu planet od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>, gotovo nezamjetno spljošten elipsoid nebeskoplave boje sa sezonski vrlo blago svjetlijim polovima. Planet je na srednjoj udaljenosti od Sunca od 19,23 <a href="/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica">astronomskih jedinica</a>. To je prvi planet koji je bio otkriven <a href="/wiki/Teleskop" title="Teleskop">teleskopom</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Herschel" title="William Herschel">William Herschel</a>, 1781.). Ime je dobio po <a href="/wiki/Uran_(mitologija)" title="Uran (mitologija)">Uranu</a>, bogu neba i ocu <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mitologija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (mitologija)">Titana</a> u <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_mitologija" title="Grčka mitologija">grčkoj mitologiji</a>. Od Zemlje je veći oko 4 puta, a masivniji oko 14,5 puta. Zbog brze vrtnje je blago spljošten. Suprotno uvriježenom urbanom mitu nastalom iz krivo sintetiziranih prvih fotografija Voyagera 2, Uran nije ni zelen ni cijan boje, nego svijetlo plave boje koju uzrokuje kombinacija tragova metana i <a href="/wiki/Rayleighovo_raspr%C5%A1enje" title="Rayleighovo raspršenje">Rayleighovog raspršenja</a> svjetlosti. <a href="/wiki/Antika" title="Antika">Antički narodi</a> nisu znali za Uran jer je na rubu vidljivosti golog oka čak i u najpovoljnijim uvjetima noćnog neba. Tijekom <a href="/wiki/Opozicija_(astronomija)" title="Opozicija (astronomija)">opozicije</a> sjaj mu dostigne <a href="/wiki/Prividna_magnituda" title="Prividna magnituda">prividnu magnitudu</a> +5,8. Sa Zemlje se u najboljem slučaju vidi kao pločica kutnog promjera 4<a href="/wiki/Lu%C4%8Dna_sekunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Lučna sekunda">"</a>.Tijelo mu je splošteno, ekvatorski mu je promjer 51 118 km, oko četiri puta veći od Zemljina, a polarni 49 946 km. Masa mu je 14,5 puta veća od Zemljine, gušći je od vode 1,27 puta. Ekvator mu je otklonjen od ravnine staze za 97,8°, te mu je os vrtnje gotovo polegnuta u ravnini staze. Jedina letjelica koja je posjetila Uran je <a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a> (1986.). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neptun">Neptun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak: Neptun" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Neptun"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7016135" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neptun (planet)">Neptun (planet)</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Neptun</b> je osmi i od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> najudaljeniji planet <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevog sustava</a>, gotovo nezamjetno spljošten elipsoid nebeskoplave boje blago zasićenije i tamnije od Uranove, sa svijetlim rastegnutim prugama oblaka i povremeno tamnijim ovalima. Nazvan po rimskom <a href="/wiki/Neptun_(mitologija)" title="Neptun (mitologija)">bogu mora</a>, četvrti je najveći planet po <a href="/wiki/Promjer" title="Promjer">promjeru</a> i treći po masi koja je sedamnaest puta veća od <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemljine</a>. Oko Sunca orbitira na prosječnoj udaljenosti od 30,1 <a href="/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica">AJ</a>. Astronomski simbol mu je ♆, stilizirana inačica trozuba boga Neptuna. Otkriven <a href="/wiki/23._rujna" title="23. rujna">23. rujna</a> <a href="/wiki/1846." title="1846.">1846.</a>, Neptun je prvi planet pronađen matematičkim izračunima, a ne empirijskim promatranjima. Nepredvidljive promjene u orbiti <a href="/wiki/Uran_(planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Uran (planet)">Urana</a> uvjerile su francuskog astronoma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexis_Bouvard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexis Bouvard (stranica ne postoji)">Alexisa Bouvarda</a> da mu na orbitu utječe <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacija</a> nepoznatog planeta. Neptun je u konačnici uočio <a href="/wiki/Johann_Galle" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Galle">Johann Galle</a> unutar stupnja od lokacije koju je predividio <a href="/wiki/Urbain_Le_Verrier" title="Urbain Le Verrier">Urbain Le Verrier</a>. Sastav Neptuna sličan je <a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">Uranovom</a> sa zajedničkom osobinom da se razlikuju od plinovitih divova <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupitera</a> i <a href="/wiki/Saturn" title="Saturn">Saturna</a>. Neptunova <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a>, iako slična plinovitim divovima, uz <a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodik</a> i <a href="/wiki/Helij" title="Helij">helij</a> sadrži veće količine "ledova" poput <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">vode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amonijak" title="Amonijak">amonijaka</a> i <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metana</a>. Da bi naglasili njihova glavna svojstva, astronomi Neptun i Uran ponekad nazivaju "ledenim divovima." Unutrašnjost planeta je vrlo vruć superkritični fluid, u dubini električno vodljiv, uglavnom sastavljen od <a href="/wiki/Silikati" title="Silikati">silikata</a> i ledova. Nebesko plava pojava planeta rezultat je kombinacije apsorpcije crvenog svjetla u tragovima atmosferskog metana te Rayleighovog raspršenja Sunčeve svjetlosti, a malo je blago tamnija od Uranove jer atmosfera ima manje fotokemijskog smoga zbog veće udaljenosti od Sunca. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kružno_gibanje_planeta_oko_Sunca"><span id="Kru.C5.BEno_gibanje_planeta_oko_Sunca"></span>Kružno gibanje planeta oko Sunca</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak: Kružno gibanje planeta oko Sunca" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kružno gibanje planeta oko Sunca"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Kepler_laws_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kepler_laws_diagram.svg/250px-Kepler_laws_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kepler_laws_diagram.svg/375px-Kepler_laws_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kepler_laws_diagram.svg/500px-Kepler_laws_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="429" /></a><figcaption>Slika prikazuje <a href="/wiki/Keplerovi_zakoni" title="Keplerovi zakoni">3 Keplerova zakona</a> s dvije <a href="/wiki/Planetarna_putanja" title="Planetarna putanja">planetarne putanje</a>:<br /> (1) Putanje planeta su <a href="/wiki/Elipsa" title="Elipsa">elipse</a>, sa <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDari%C5%A1te" title="Žarište">žarištima</a> <i>F</i><sub>1</sub> i <i>F</i><sub>2</sub> za prvi planet i <i>F</i><sub>1</sub> i <i>F</i><sub>3</sub> za drugi planet. <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunce</a> je smješteno u žarištu <i>F</i><sub>1</sub>. <br /> (2) Dva zasjenčena područja <i>A</i><sub>1</sub> i <i>A</i><sub>2</sub> imaju jednake <a href="/wiki/Povr%C5%A1ina" title="Površina">površine</a> i vrijeme za planet 1 da prekrije područje <i>A</i><sub>1</sub> je jednako da prekrije područje <i>A</i><sub>2</sub>. <br /> (3) Ukupna <a href="/wiki/Ophodno_vrijeme" title="Ophodno vrijeme">ophodna vremena</a> planeta 1 i planeta 2 imaju odnos <i>t</i><sub>2</sub>/<i>t</i><sub>1</sub> = (<i>a</i><sub>2</sub>/<i>a</i><sub>1</sub>)<sup>3/2</sup>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Orbital_motion.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Orbital_motion.gif/250px-Orbital_motion.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Orbital_motion.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Crtež pokazuje kružno <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibanje</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Vrtnja" title="Vrtnja">vrtnju</a> satelita oko <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a>, prikazujući <a href="/wiki/Vektor" title="Vektor">vektore</a> <a href="/wiki/Orbitalna_brzina" title="Orbitalna brzina">orbitalne ili obodne brzine satelita</a> <i>v</i> i <a href="/wiki/Jednoliko_kru%C5%BEno_gibanje#Centripetalno_ubrzanje" class="mw-redirect" title="Jednoliko kružno gibanje">Jednoliko kružno gibanje#Centripetalno ubrzanje</a> <i>a</i>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Kepler-second-law.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Kepler-second-law.gif/250px-Kepler-second-law.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Kepler-second-law.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Radijvektor" title="Radijvektor">Radijvektor</a> (provodnica) <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunce</a>-planet opisuje u jednakim <a href="/wiki/Vrijeme_(fizika)" title="Vrijeme (fizika)">vremenskim</a> razmacima jednake <a href="/wiki/Povr%C5%A1ina" title="Površina">površine</a> (plava površina). Zelena strelica prikazuje <a href="/wiki/Brzina" title="Brzina">brzinu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vektor" title="Vektor">vektor</a> brzine). Ljubičasta strelica usmjerena prema Suncu prikazuje <a href="/wiki/Ubrzanje" title="Ubrzanje">ubrzanje</a> (ostale dvije ljubičaste strelice su komponente ubrzanja, jedna okomita i druga paralelna (normalna) s brzinom.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif/250px-Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif/375px-Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif/500px-Apparent_retrograde_motion.gif 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a><figcaption>Kretanje <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> (žuto), <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlje</a> (plavo) i <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Marsa</a> (crveno) prema <a href="/wiki/Heliocentri%C4%8Dni_sustav" title="Heliocentrični sustav">heliocentričnom sustavu</a> (lijevo) i <a href="/wiki/Geocentri%C4%8Dni_sustav" title="Geocentrični sustav">geocentričnom sustavu</a> (desno). <br /> Napomena: putanje planeta su kružnice prema <a href="/wiki/Nikola_Kopernik" title="Nikola Kopernik">Kopernikovom sustavu</a> i putanja Marsa je 2 godine (umjesto stvarnih 1,88 <a href="/wiki/Godina" title="Godina">godina</a>) zbog jednostavnosti.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/250px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg" decoding="async" width="249" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg/500px-The_Sun_in_white_light.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunce</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Polazna točka i prva primjena <a href="/wiki/Newtonovi_zakoni_gibanja" title="Newtonovi zakoni gibanja">Newtonova zakona gibanja</a> bilo je gibanje planeta oko Sunca. Nakon otkrića načela ustrajnosti nije više bilo sumnje da je kretanje planeta prouzrokovano nekom <a href="/wiki/Sila" title="Sila">silom</a> koja potječe od <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a>. <a href="/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost">Znanost</a> se približila prirodi te sile, kad je <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Kepler" title="Johannes Kepler">J. Kepler</a>, na osnovu astronomskih opažanja <a href="/wiki/Tycho_Brahe" title="Tycho Brahe">T. Brachea</a> našao zakone gibanja planeta. Svoju spoznaju Kepler je izrazio u 3 osnovna zakona: </p> <ul><li>staze planeta su <a href="/wiki/Elipsa" title="Elipsa">elipse</a>; u jednom <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDari%C5%A1te" title="Žarište">žarištu</a> nalazi se Sunce;</li> <li>pravocrtna spojnica (<a href="/wiki/Radijvektor" title="Radijvektor">radijvektor</a>) planeta sa Suncem opisuje u jednakim vremenskim odsječcima jednake površine;</li> <li>omjer između kuba velike poluosi elipse i kvadrata trajanja jedne ophodnje jednak je za sve planete.</li></ul> <p>Prvi Keplerov zakon određuje stazu planeta, a ostali njihove brzine. </p><p>Newton je tražio međusobnu vezu između ubrzanja i sile. On je našao da se iz Keplerovih zakona može u svakoj točki staze izračunati <a href="/wiki/Ubrzanje" title="Ubrzanje">ubrzanje</a> planeta. Ona izvanredno jednostavno zavisi od udaljenosti planeta od Sunca. U svakoj točki staze ubrzanje planeta ima smjer prema Suncu, a njena veličina je razmjerna kvadratu udaljenosti planeta od Sunca. Odatle je Newton zaključio, da su gibanja planeta prouzrokovana privlačnom silom Sunca, koja u daljinu opada kao 1/r<sup>2</sup>. To je bio temelj <a href="/wiki/Newtonov_zakon_gravitacije" title="Newtonov zakon gravitacije">njegove teorije gravitacije</a> i mehaničkog sustava uopće. </p><p>Newton je prvi uočio vezu između tako udaljenih pojava, kao što su gibanja planeta oko Sunca i <a href="/wiki/Slobodni_pad" title="Slobodni pad">padanje tijela na Zemlju</a>. Svijanje staze planeta prema Suncu i težina tijela učinci su iste prirodne sile, Newtonove <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacije</a>. </p><p>Osnivač <a href="/wiki/Mehanika" title="Mehanika">mehanike</a> postavio je jasnu razliku između <a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">mase</a> i <a href="/wiki/Te%C5%BEina" title="Težina">težine</a> tijela. Ta su dva pojma bila u povijesti znanosti stalno miješana. Po Newtonu masa određuje otpor tijela prema promjeni brzine (<a href="/wiki/Tromost" title="Tromost">tromost</a>), a težina tijela je posljedica privlačnog djelovanja Zemlje. Kad bi isčezla gravitacija, nestalo bi pritiska tijela na podlogu, ali bi ostala uščuvana njegova masa. Morali bismo opet djelovati istim silama da tijela iz mirovanja stavimo u <a href="/wiki/Gibanje" title="Gibanje">gibanje</a>. </p><p>Iskustvo pokazuje da je težina tijela razmjerna njegovoj masi. To uzima Newton kao osnovnu osobinu gravitacije. Privlačenje između tijela razmjerno je umnošku njihovih masa. Kako sila zavisi od udaljenosti, zaključio je Newton iz gibanja planeta oko Sunca. To je sve što mu je bilo potrebno da izreče zakon privlačenja. Gravitacijsko privlačenje između dva tijela razmjerno je umnošku njihovih masa, a obrnuto razmjerno kvadratu njihove udaljenosti. Označi li se masa jednog tijela s <i>m</i>, masa drugog tijela s <i>M</i>, a udaljenost s <i>r</i>, <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacija</a> se dade izraziti matematički: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle F=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>F</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle F=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5f5b97c03f8597c516699c77bc284c86253bb593" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:15.924ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle F=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }" /></span></dd></dl> <p>G je konstanta proporcionalnosti, takozvana <a href="/wiki/Gravitacijska_konstanta" title="Gravitacijska konstanta">gravitacijska konstanta</a>. Ona je po iznosu jednaka sili kojom se dva kilograma privlače u razmaku od jednog metra. Pokusima se dobilo: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\mbox{m}}^{3}\ {\mbox{kg}}^{-1}\ {\mbox{s}}^{-2}=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\rm {N}}\,{\rm {(m/kg)^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>67428</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>11</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>m</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>s</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>67428</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>11</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> </mrow> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\mbox{m}}^{3}\ {\mbox{kg}}^{-1}\ {\mbox{s}}^{-2}=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\rm {N}}\,{\rm {(m/kg)^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/743f49e9bc12796c918c3e23cf2ceac9e74c5bff" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:64.448ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\mbox{m}}^{3}\ {\mbox{kg}}^{-1}\ {\mbox{s}}^{-2}=6,67428\times 10^{-11}\ {\rm {N}}\,{\rm {(m/kg)^{2}}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Gravitacijska konstanta je vrlo mala. Gravitacija je univerzalna sila među svim tijelima. Dok su mase male, privlačne sile su sitne. Tek golema tijela očituju snažna privlačna djelovanja. Takve goleme mase su planeti i zvijezde. </p><p>Veliku masu ima i naša <a href="/wiki/Zemlja" title="Zemlja">Zemlja</a>. Nad njenom površinom zadobivaju sva tijela ubrzanje prema dolje jednaku g = 9,81 m/s<sup>2</sup>. Sila teža na tijelo mase <i>m</i> jednaka je prema Newtonovom zakonu gibanja <i>m∙g</i>. No s druge strane ta sila mora biti jednaka gravitacijskom privlačenju između Zemlje i tijela. Na tijelo djeluje Zemljina kugla kao da je sva njena masa koncentrirana u središtu: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m\cdot g=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mtext> </mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m\cdot g=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/24da147b17d9464904ba94e53416863cf7a721ca" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:19.018ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m\cdot g=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}\ }" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Desno i lijevo krati se masa tijela, a preostaju poznate veličine: <a href="/wiki/Ubrzanje_zemljine_sile_te%C5%BEe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ubrzanje zemljine sile teže">ubrzanje zemljine sile teže</a> <i>g</i>, gravitacijska konstanta <i>G</i>, polumjer Zemlje <i>r</i> i nepoznata masa Zemlje <i>M</i>. Iz jednadžbe dobivamo za masu Zemlje 5,97∙10<sup>24</sup> <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kg</a>. Kad znamo masu i <a href="/wiki/Volumen" class="mw-redirect" title="Volumen">volumen</a>, možemo proračunati <a href="/wiki/Gusto%C4%87a" title="Gustoća">gustoću</a>. Prosječna gustoća Zemlje je 5,52 puta veća od gustoće <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">vode</a>. Budući da je Zemlja na površini samo upola tako gusta, mora biti znatno jače zbijena u svojoj unutrašnjosti. </p><p>Točan proračun planetnih gibanja vezan je s višim matematičkim sredstvima. No ta se matematička obrada može znatno pojednostaviti ako se uzme u obzir da su staze planeta vrlo slične kružnicama. Kod Zemlje na primjer udaljenost od Sunca koleba oko prosječne udaljenosti za manje od 0,2%. Približno podudaranje elipsa s kružnicama nije posljedica Newtonova zakona gibanja već je uzrokovano osobitim fizičkim prilikama koje su vladale pri stvaranju našeg planetnog sustava. Prilikom vrtnje planet dobiva stalno <a href="/wiki/Ubrzanje" title="Ubrzanje">ubrzanje</a> prema središtu kružnice. Usprkos tome stalnom ubrzanju tijelu se <a href="/wiki/Brzina" title="Brzina">brzina</a> ne povećava niti se ono približuje središtu. Ubrzanje se jedino očituje u tome, što tijelo skreće smjer svoje brzine prema središtu. Iz brzine i polumjera vrtnje da se izračunati ubrzanje, koju sila neprestano daje tijelu. Promatrajmo brzinu čestice na početku i na kraju sitnog vremenskog raspona. Na početku je čestica u točki P i ima brzinu <i>v</i>. Poslije toga je u točki P’ i ima brzinu <i>v’</i>. U promatranom vremenskom razdoblju smjer brzine čestice promijenio se za kut <i>Δα</i>. Da brzinu okrenemo za toliki kut, moramo joj prema središtu kružnice dati prirast jednak <i>v∙Δα</i>. Tako je veliki luk između strelice <i>v</i> i <i>v’</i>, koje na crtežu predočuju brzine na početku i na kraju vremenskog razdoblja. Proračunati prirast brzine sila je proizvela u promatranom vremenu <i>Δt</i>. Dakle, omjer između prirasta brzine i tog vremena upravo je jednak kružnom ubrzanju: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a=v\cdot {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a=v\cdot {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d5e0390fbcd73cce1953cc77eca9151b835131bb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:11.395ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a=v\cdot {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Omjer između malog kuta <i>Δα</i> i malog vremena <i>Δt</i> jednak je omjeru između punog kuta kružnice 2∙π i trajanja <i>T</i> jednog cijelog okretaja. No trajanje <i>T</i> jednog okreta jednako je omjeru između opsega kružnice 2∙<i>r</i>∙π i brzine <i>v</i> čestice: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}={2\cdot \pi \over {2\cdot r\cdot \pi \over v}}={v \over r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mi>v</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>v</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}={2\cdot \pi \over {2\cdot r\cdot \pi \over v}}={v \over r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/64cabb1d58503c59b31e7a3637ab10c4ab566dc0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.338ex; width:17.513ex; height:6.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\Delta \alpha \over \Delta t}={2\cdot \pi \over {2\cdot r\cdot \pi \over v}}={v \over r}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>dobivamo konačno za ubrzanje kružnog gibanja jednostavan izraz: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a={v^{2} \over r}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a={v^{2} \over r}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/fa7d07a6d6f6ee15e06ff2d877b50deb9e9557c2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:7.346ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a={v^{2} \over r}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Ovaj rezultat je vrlo slikovit. Zamislimo da se <a href="/wiki/Polumjer" class="mw-redirect" title="Polumjer">polumjer</a> povećava. Tada se sve manje mijenja smjer brzine. U granici beskonačnog polumjera čestica se kreće po pravcu, i ubrzanja nema. Ovisnost ubrzanja o kvadratu brzine možemo također lako uvidjeti ako pomislimo da se smjer brzine to brže mijenja što se čestica po kružnici brže giba. </p><p>Masu Sunca označit ćemo s <i>M</i>, a masu planeta s <i>m</i>. Privlačna sila između Sunca i planeta jednaka je <i>G∙m∙M/r<sup>2</sup></i>. Zakon gibanja izražava da je umnožak mase i ubrzanja planeta jednak privlačnoj sili. Dakle, gibanje planeta pod djelovanjem gravitacije određeno je jednadžbom: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m\cdot {v^{2} \over r}=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m\cdot {v^{2} \over r}=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1d8d7d38d9ffe4c40677cafc956c3329b5ee2085" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:20.34ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m\cdot {v^{2} \over r}=G\cdot {\frac {m\cdot M}{r^{2}}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Masa planeta krati se na lijevoj i desnoj strani jednadžbe. Odatle za brzinu planeta proizlazi jednostavna jednadžba: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v={\sqrt {\frac {G\cdot M}{r}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> <mi>r</mi> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v={\sqrt {\frac {G\cdot M}{r}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f36a60b5d35c973d6a95e5a30b059ba31c5a0605" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:13.334ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v={\sqrt {\frac {G\cdot M}{r}}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Izmjerivši brzinu bilo kojeg planeta, možemo iz te jednadžbe izračunati masu Sunca. Zemlja se s brzinom od 30 km/s kreće oko Sunca u udaljenosti od oko 150 milijuna kilometara. Ako tu brzinu i polumjer uvrstimo u gornju jednadžbu, dobivamo da je Sunčeva masa jednaka 2∙10<sup>30</sup> kg. Masa Sunca je oko 330 000 puta veća od mase Zemlje. </p><p>Poznavajući masu Sunca, možemo sada izračunati planetne brzine. Najbliži planet Merkur kreće se oko Sunca na udaljenosti od 58 milijuna kilometara. Takvom polumjeru odgovara brzina od 48 km/s. To se potpuno slaže s astronomskim motrenjima. Najveći polumjer ima staza Plutona. On iznosi 5 900 milijuna km. Iz astronomskih opažanja proizlazi za brzinu ovog nebeskog tijela od 5 km/s, što je također u skladu s teoretskom jednadžbom. </p><p>Zakon planetarnih brzina, što je izveden iz jednadžbe gibanja, samo je drugi oblik trećeg Keplerovog zakona. Da se to uvidi, izrazit ćemo brzinu planeta trajanjem jedne ophodnje oko Sunca. U trajanju jedne ophodnje planet s brzinom v prođe opseg kružnice jednak 2∙<i>r</i>∙π. </p><p>Dakle, trajanje ophodnje <i>T</i> jednako je 2∙<i>r</i>∙π/<i>v</i>. Uvrsti li se tu zadnja gornja jednadžba, dobiva se: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T=2\cdot r\cdot \pi \cdot {\sqrt {\frac {r}{G\cdot M}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>T</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mi>r</mi> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T=2\cdot r\cdot \pi \cdot {\sqrt {\frac {r}{G\cdot M}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/28f9446e44fd2ba046616aa38b495cca1155553e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:22.423ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T=2\cdot r\cdot \pi \cdot {\sqrt {\frac {r}{G\cdot M}}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Kvadriranjem te jednadžbe izlazi jednostavan odnos: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {T^{2}}{r^{3}}}={\frac {4\cdot \pi ^{2}}{G\cdot M}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>r</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo>⋅</mo> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>M</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {T^{2}}{r^{3}}}={\frac {4\cdot \pi ^{2}}{G\cdot M}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/afd21233cf5e2dc83d71a58db8ae808e171fa205" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:13.493ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {T^{2}}{r^{3}}}={\frac {4\cdot \pi ^{2}}{G\cdot M}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>To je poznati Keplerov zakon da je omjer između kvadrata ophodnje i kuba srednje udaljenosti jednak za sve planete. On vrijedi i za eliptične staze planeta ako umjesto polumjera kružnice stavimo veliku poluos elipse. Veličinu tog omjera Kepler je odredio iz astronomskih motrenja. Newton ju je proračunao iz gravitacijske konstante i mase Sunca. Savršeno slaganje motrenja i teorije bio je najveći uspjeh Newtonove mehanike. </p><p>Zakonom gibanja i zakonom gravitacije Newton je udario temelje shvaćanju našeg Sunčevog sustava. Dalji razvoj sastojao se u sve strožem i općenitijem primjenjivanju stečenih načela. Staze planeta samo su u bitnim crtama određene privlačenjem Sunca. Želimo li točno proračunati gibanja planeta, moramo uzeti u obzir da se i planeti među sobom privlače. Zbog svojih razmjerno malih masa nemaju ta privlačenja između planeta tako odlučno značenje kao gravitacijska sila Sunca, ali u dugom nizu desetljeća ti se učinci skupljaju i dovode do znatnih odstupanja od prvobitnih eliptičnih staza planeta.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7012897">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=48577">planeti</a>. <i>Hrvatska enciklopedija</i>. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža. 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hrvatska+enciklopedija&rft.atitle=planeti&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enciklopedija.hr%2FNatuknica.aspx%3FID%3D48577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3APlanet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Ivan Supek: "Nova fizika", Školska knjiga Zagreb, 1966.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="padding:3px"><div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; width:2em; font-family:serif; font-size:180%; padding-right:3px; letter-spacing:-0.1em; background:#f0e0b0">HE</div><div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; font-size:82%; padding-left:3px">Dio sadržaja ove stranice preuzet je iz mrežnog izdanja <a href="/wiki/Hrvatska_enciklopedija_(LZMK)" title="Hrvatska enciklopedija (LZMK)">Hrvatske enciklopedije</a> i nije slobodan za daljnju upotrebu pod uvjetima Wikipedijine licencije o sadržaju. Uvjete upotrebe uz <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Dopu%C5%A1tenja_za_kori%C5%A1tenje_sadr%C5%BEaja/Ustanove#Leksikografski_zavod_"Miroslav_Krleža"" title="Wikipedija:Dopuštenja za korištenje sadržaja/Ustanove">dano nam pojašnjenje</a> pogledajte na <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciklopedija.hr/Upute/">stranici Leksikografskog zavoda</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poveznice">Poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi odlomak: Poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planet&action=edit&section=15" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planeti_izvan_Sun%C4%8Devog_sustava" class="mw-redirect" title="Planeti izvan Sunčevog sustava">Planeti izvan Sunčevog sustava</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Vrste_tijela_u_Sun%C4%8Devu_sustavu" title="Predložak:Vrste tijela u Sunčevu sustavu"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Vrste_tijela_u_Sun%C4%8Devu_sustavu&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;">Vrste tijela u <a href="/wiki/Sun%C4%8Dev_sustav" title="Sunčev sustav">Sunčevu sustavu</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunce</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Planeti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Patuljasti_planet" title="Patuljasti planet">Patuljasti planeti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Prirodni_satelit" title="Prirodni satelit">Prirodni sateliti</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mala_tijela_Sun%C4%8Deva_sustava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mala tijela Sunčeva sustava (stranica ne postoji)">Mala tijela</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Planet&oldid=7151838">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Planet&oldid=7151838</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sadr%C5%BEaj_preuzet_iz_Hrvatske_enciklopedije" title="Kategorija:Sadržaj preuzet iz Hrvatske enciklopedije">Sadržaj preuzet iz Hrvatske enciklopedije</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Planeti" title="Kategorija:Planeti">Planeti</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 21. ožujka 2025. u 07:02.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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