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id="toc-2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>2010s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>2020s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Future projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life_and_advocacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life_and_advocacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life and advocacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life_and_advocacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Filmography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unrealized" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unrealized"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Unrealized</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unrealized-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Critical reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_nominations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_nominations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awards and nominations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_nominations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland Emmerich</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="رولان إيميريش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رولان إيميريش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="رولاند امریش – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رولاند امریش" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96" title="রোলান্ড এমেরিখ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোলান্ড এমেরিখ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85" title="Роланд Эмерых – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Роланд Эмерых" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Роланд Емерих – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Роланд Емерих" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%88%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%87" title="Ρόλαντ Έμεριχ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρόλαντ Έμεριχ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="رولاند امریش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رولاند امریش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%A4%EB%9E%80%ED%8A%B8_%EC%97%90%EB%A8%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88" title="롤란트 에머리히 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="롤란트 에머리히" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9A" title="רולנד אמריך – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רולנד אמריך" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98" title="როლანდ ემერიხი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="როლანდ ემერიხი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolandus_Emmerich" title="Rolandus Emmerich – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rolandus Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolands_Emerihs" title="Rolands Emerihs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rolands Emerihs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98" title="როლანდ ემერიხი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="როლანდ ემერიხი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="رولان ايميريش – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رولان ايميريش" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="رولاند امریخ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رولاند امریخ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Роланд Эммерих – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Роланд Эммерих" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%83%92" title="ローランド・エメリッヒ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローランド・エメリッヒ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Эммерих, Роланд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эммерих, Роланд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Роланд Емерих – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Роланд Емерих" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A" title="โรลันท์ เอ็มเมอริช – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรลันท์ เอ็มเมอริช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" title="Roland Emmerich – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roland Emmerich" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%85" title="Роланд Еммеріх – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роланд Еммеріх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Emmerich" 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Roland Emmerich</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_(28502013341)_CROPPED.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg/220px-Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg/330px-Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg/440px-Independence_Day-_Resurgence_Japan_Premiere-_Roland_Emmerich_%2828502013341%29_CROPPED.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2093" data-file-height="3038" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emmerich in 2016</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1955-11-10</span>) </span>10 November 1955<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 69)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Germany</li><li>United States</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Television_and_Film_Munich" title="University of Television and Film Munich">University of Television and Film Munich</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Film director</li> <li>producer</li> <li>screenwriter</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1979–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Omar De Soto</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2017)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg/150px-Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg/225px-Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg/300px-Signature_of_Roland_Emmerich.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="131" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roland Emmerich</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈʁoːlant<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈɛməʁɪç]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f6\/De-Roland_Emmerich.ogg\/De-Roland_Emmerich.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Roland Emmerich.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f6/De-Roland_Emmerich.ogg/De-Roland_Emmerich.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Roland_Emmerich.ogg" title="File:De-Roland Emmerich.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; born 10 November 1955) is a German film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is widely known for his science fiction and <a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">disaster films</a> and has been called a "master of disaster" within the industry.<sup id="cite_ref-moonfall_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moonfall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His films, most of which are English-language <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a> productions, have made more than $3 billion worldwide, including just over $1 billion in the United States, making him the <a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_directors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of highest-grossing directors">17th-highest-grossing Hollywood director</a> of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He began his work in the film industry by directing the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Noah%27s_Ark_Principle" title="The Noah's Ark Principle">The Noah's Ark Principle</a></i> (1984) as part of his university thesis and also co-founded <a href="/wiki/Centropolis_Entertainment" title="Centropolis Entertainment">Centropolis Entertainment</a> in 1985 with his sister. He has also directed the films <i><a href="/wiki/Universal_Soldier_(1992_film)" title="Universal Soldier (1992 film)">Universal Soldier</a></i> (1992), <i><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(film)" title="Stargate (film)">Stargate</a></i> (1994), <i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> (1996) and its sequel <i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> (2016), <i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i> (1998), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriot_(2000_film)" title="The Patriot (2000 film)">The Patriot</a></i> (2000), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i> (2004), <i><a href="/wiki/10,000_BC_(film)" title="10,000 BC (film)">10,000 BC</a></i> (2008), <i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i> (2009), <i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i> (2013), <i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i> (2019), and <i><a href="/wiki/Moonfall_(film)" title="Moonfall (film)">Moonfall</a></i> (2022). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Emmerich was born in <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, and grew up in the nearby town of <a href="/wiki/Sindelfingen" title="Sindelfingen">Sindelfingen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wesuf4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wesuf4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a youth, he traveled extensively throughout Europe and North America on vacations financed by his father, Hans, the wealthy founder of a garden machinery production company.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1977, he began attending <a href="/wiki/University_of_Television_and_Film_Munich" title="University of Television and Film Munich">University of Television and Film Munich</a> with the intention of studying to become a production designer.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cnn2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After watching <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a></i>, he instead decided to enroll in the school's film director program.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Legacy_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Required to create a short film as his final thesis in 1981, he wrote and directed the full-length feature <i><a href="/wiki/The_Noah%27s_Ark_Principle" title="The Noah's Ark Principle">The Noah's Ark Principle</a></i>, which was screened as the opening film of the <a href="/wiki/34th_Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="34th Berlin International Film Festival">34th Berlin International Film Festival</a> in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, he founded Centropolis Film Productions (now <a href="/wiki/Centropolis_Entertainment" title="Centropolis Entertainment">Centropolis Entertainment</a>) in partnership with his sister, producer Ute Emmerich, and directed his major film debut, a fantasy feature named <i><a href="/wiki/Joey_(1985_film)" title="Joey (1985 film)">Joey</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He subsequently directed the 1987 comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Hollywood-Monster" title="Hollywood-Monster">Hollywood-Monster</a></i> and the 1990 science-fiction film <i><a href="/wiki/Moon_44" title="Moon 44">Moon 44</a></i>. Theatrically, these were only released in and nearby his native country, although Emmerich filmed them in English and went against <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Germany" title="Cinema of Germany">conventional German styles</a> in an attempt to appeal to a larger market.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-time_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This subsequently resulted in <i>Moon 44</i> being released <a href="/wiki/Direct-to-video" title="Direct-to-video">direct-to-video</a> in the U.S. in early 1991. <i>Joey</i> and <i>Hollywood-Monster</i> eventually also saw home video releases in the U.S. (as <i>Making Contact</i> and <i>Ghost Chase</i>, respectively) once Emmerich achieved more prominence in America. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hollywood_director">Hollywood director</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hollywood director"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990s">1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Producer <a href="/wiki/Mario_Kassar" title="Mario Kassar">Mario Kassar</a> invited Emmerich to come to the United States to direct a futuristic action film entitled <i>Isobar</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-scifi_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scifi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dean_Devlin" title="Dean Devlin">Dean Devlin</a>, who appeared in <i>Moon 44</i>, soon joined Emmerich as his writing and producing partner, and served in this capacity until 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-time_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich subsequently refused the offer to direct after producers rejected Devlin's re-write of the script, and the <i>Isobar</i> project was eventually scrapped.<sup id="cite_ref-scifi_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scifi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, Emmerich was hired to replace director <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davis_(director)" title="Andrew Davis (director)">Andrew Davis</a> for the action movie <i><a href="/wiki/Universal_Soldier_(1992_film)" title="Universal Soldier (1992 film)">Universal Soldier</a></i>. The film was released in 1992. </p><p>Emmerich next helmed the 1994 science-fiction film <i><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(film)" title="Stargate (film)">Stargate</a></i>. At the time, it set a record for the highest-grossing opening weekend for a film released in the month of October.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It became more commercially successful than most film industry insiders had anticipated,<sup id="cite_ref-time_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wesuf1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wesuf1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and spawned a highly popular <a href="/wiki/Stargate" title="Stargate">media franchise</a>. </p><p>Emmerich then directed <i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i>, an alien invasion feature, released in 1996, that became the first film to gross $100 million in less than a week<sup id="cite_ref-EW4_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EW4-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fs3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fs3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and went on to become one of the most financially successful films of all time,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at one point having been the second-highest-grossing film in terms of worldwide box office.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich and Devlin then created the television series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Visitor_(TV_series)" title="The Visitor (TV series)">The Visitor</a></i>, which aired on the <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox Network</a> during 1997–1998 before being cancelled after one season. </p><p>His next film, <i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i>, opened in 1998. An extensive advertising and marketing campaign generated significant hype during the months leading up to the film's release. The film was a box office success but was met with negative reviews from critics and fans. It garnered a Saturn Award for Best Special Effects, a BMI Film Music Award, and the Audience Award for Best Director at the European Film Awards while also receiving a Razzie Award for Worst Remake or Sequel. It has only a 16% rating on <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich said that prior to getting involved with <i>Godzilla</i> he and Devlin had planned a disaster movie centered around an asteroid fall, which wound up cancelled after <i><a href="/wiki/Armageddon_(1998_film)" title="Armageddon (1998 film)">Armageddon</a></i> went for a similar idea.<sup id="cite_ref-moonfall_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moonfall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taking a short break from science-fiction, Emmerich next directed the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> epic <i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriot_(2000_film)" title="The Patriot (2000 film)">The Patriot</a></i> (2000). One of only five films (<i>Universal Soldier</i>, <i>Anonymous</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i> being the others) Emmerich has directed in which he did not contribute to the screenplay, the film received a generally favorable critical and commercial response,<sup id="cite_ref-mc1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mc1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is Emmerich's best-reviewed film to date.<sup id="cite_ref-mc2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mc2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rt6_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt6-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After teaming up with new screenwriting partner <a href="/wiki/Harald_Kloser" title="Harald Kloser">Harald Kloser</a>, Emmerich returned once again to directing a visual effects-laden adventure with 2004's blockbuster <i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i>, another disaster film about a rapidly oncoming <a href="/wiki/Ice_age" title="Ice age">ice age</a> brought upon by the effects of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>. Soon afterward, he founded Reelmachine, another film production company based in Germany. </p><p>In 2008, Emmerich directed <i><a href="/wiki/10,000_BC_(film)" title="10,000 BC (film)">10,000 BC</a></i>, a film about the journeys of a prehistoric tribe of <a href="/wiki/Woolly_mammoth" title="Woolly mammoth">mammoth</a> hunters. It was a box office hit, but consistently regarded by professional critics as his worst film, as well as one of the worst films of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-rt7_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt7-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was slated to direct a remake of the 1966 science-fiction film <i><a href="/wiki/Fantastic_Voyage" title="Fantastic Voyage">Fantastic Voyage</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but he eventually left project, due to clashing with its producer <a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, Emmerich directed <i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an apocalyptic disaster film based on the conspiracy theory that the <a href="/wiki/Mayan_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayan civilization">ancient Mayans</a> <a href="/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">prophesied the world's ending</a> on 21 December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite mixed reviews, the film went on to be his second-highest-grossing film to date (after <i>Independence Day</i>) and received praise from audiences. Emmerich usually finishes production of a large-scale movie both in a time frame shorter and on a budget lower than what is typically requested by other directors.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-time_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roland_Emmerich_(6973286762).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Roland Emmerich at the German Film Awards in 2012 in Berlin, Germany." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg/170px-Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg/255px-Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg/340px-Roland_Emmerich_%286973286762%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Emmerich in 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>Emmerich's next film, <i><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(film)" title="Anonymous (film)">Anonymous</a></i>, released on 28 October 2011, is based on the premise that <a href="/wiki/Edward_de_Vere,_17th_Earl_of_Oxford" title="Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford">Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford</a> is the real author of the plays and sonnets of <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Emmerich, "It's an historical thriller because it's about who will succeed <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Queen Elizabeth</a> and the struggle of the people who want to have a hand in it. It's the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Tudor" title="House of Tudor">Tudors</a> on one side and the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_1st_Earl_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury">Cecils</a> on the other, and in between [the two] is the Queen. Through that story we tell how the plays written by the Earl of Oxford ended up labelled 'William Shakespeare.'"<sup id="cite_ref-empire_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-empire-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film's box-office failures signaled a decline of Emmerich's career. </p><p>In 2011, Sony Pictures had purchased a pitch for Emmerich's project <i>Singularity</i>, a sci-fi epic about a man composed of <a href="/wiki/Nanorobotics" title="Nanorobotics">nanomachines</a>. Originally planned for a 2013 release, the project has since gone into <a href="/wiki/Development_hell" title="Development hell">development hell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emmerich directed the action-thriller film <i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i>, which involved a terrorist attack on the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> group. The spec script was written by <a href="/wiki/James_Vanderbilt" title="James Vanderbilt">James Vanderbilt</a> and was purchased by Sony Pictures for <span class="nowrap">$3 million</span> in March 2012. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i> called it "one of the biggest spec sales in quite a while". The journal said the script was similar "tonally and thematically" to the films <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Hard" title="Die Hard">Die Hard</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One_(film)" title="Air Force One (film)">Air Force One</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Has_Fallen" title="Olympus Has Fallen">Olympus Has Fallen</a></i> (2013). Emmerich began filming in July 2012 at the La Cité Du Cinéma in <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, Quebec, Canada. The film was released on 28 June 2013 in the United States. </p><p>Whenever asked about making a personal project, Emmerich thought it would be "a gay film", and after friends during production of <i>Anonymous</i> asked if he could make a film on the <a href="/wiki/Stonewall_riots" title="Stonewall riots">Stonewall riots</a>, Emmerich got interested in the idea.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(2015_film)" title="Stonewall (2015 film)">Stonewall</a></i> was released in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Vulture_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vulture-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He followed it with a sequel to his most successful film in <i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i>, released twenty years after the original <i>Independence Day</i> on 24 June 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2019, Emmerich directed the film <i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i> based on the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Midway" title="Battle of Midway">battle of Midway</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Theater_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Theater of World War II">Pacific Theater of World War II</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020s">2020s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2020s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, it was announced that Emmerich's next film project would be entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Moonfall_(film)" title="Moonfall (film)">Moonfall</a></i>, released in 2022 by <a href="/wiki/Lionsgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Lionsgate">Lionsgate</a>. The project is a space disaster film about a mysterious force knocking the moon from its orbit around Earth, sending it on a collision course with the planet. In response, a ragtag team launches a last-ditch mission to land on the lunar surface and save Earth from annihilation.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the production budget standing at $150 million.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Future_projects">Future projects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Future projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the release of <i>Moonfall</i>, Emmerich said he has been working on a TV series based on <a href="/wiki/T._E._Lawrence" title="T. E. Lawrence">T. E. Lawrence</a> for around a decade, and stated he has three projects he would like to make, a mistaken identity period piece set in 1919 about a young writer having to take control of a film set, another about a <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a>, and a third about the death of <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-moonfall_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moonfall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2023, Emmerich announced a franchise titled <i>Space Nation</i> which will consist of a <a href="/wiki/MMORPG" class="mw-redirect" title="MMORPG">MMORPG</a>, a TV series, animated shorts and spinoff games.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life_and_advocacy">Personal life and advocacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Personal life and advocacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Emmerich owns homes in Los Angeles, New York City, London and Stuttgart.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ugo_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CI_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CI-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4F_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4F-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-guard_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guard-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He likes to decorate his homes in a self-described "outlandish" manner,<sup id="cite_ref-guard_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guard-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adorning them with rare Hollywood memorabilia, murals and portraits of dictators and <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communist figures</a>, and World War II <a href="/wiki/Militaria" title="Militaria">militaria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4F_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4F-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emmerich is gay and is a LGBT rights activist. He is married to Omar De Soto.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has stated that he witnessed overt racism when producers and studio executives were opposed to allowing him to cast <a href="/wiki/Will_Smith" title="Will Smith">Will Smith</a> for the lead in <i>Independence Day</i>, and reluctant to allow him to portray an interracial couple in <i>The Day After Tomorrow</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TDATcomm_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDATcomm-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also stated that he has encountered <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobia</a> from the same groups, and is vocal in his opposition to such behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-TDATcomm_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDATcomm-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has stated that sometimes he does "[not like working in] the movie business", describing it as a sometimes "very cold, brutal business", but his motivation to keep directing is that he genuinely "like[s] making movies".<sup id="cite_ref-cnn1_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, he pledged $150,000 to the Legacy Project, a campaign dedicated to gay and lesbian film preservation. Emmerich made the donation on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Outfest" title="Outfest">Outfest</a>, making it the largest gift in the festival's history.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> community, he held a fundraiser at his Los Angeles home for <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4F_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4F-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, he became a U.S. citizen while keeping his German citizenship. He stated he did so because he "wanted to have a vote in the next US elections" and that he waited because he "didn’t want to become an American under <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He is a collector of art.<sup id="cite_ref-Hollywood_Reporter_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hollywood_Reporter-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich's extensive collection of artwork includes a painting of Jesus Christ wearing a <a href="/wiki/Katharine_Hamnett" title="Katharine Hamnett">Katharine Hamnett</a>-styled T-shirt during his <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion" title="Crucifixion">crucifixion</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-guard_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guard-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> prints of <a href="/wiki/Alison_Jackson_(artist)" title="Alison Jackson (artist)">Alison Jackson</a>'s works of a <a href="/wiki/Princess_Diana" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Diana">Princess Diana</a> lookalike making obscene gestures and engaging in sex acts,<sup id="cite_ref-CI_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CI-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GOAG_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOAG-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a wax sculpture of <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> laughing as he reads his own obituary,<sup id="cite_ref-CI_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CI-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GOAG_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOAG-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Photoshop" class="mw-redirect" title="Photoshop">Photoshopped</a> image of Iranian president <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad">Mahmoud Ahmadinejad</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Homoeroticism" title="Homoeroticism">homoerotic</a> pose.<sup id="cite_ref-guard_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guard-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich, a financial supporter of <a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_the_United_States#Contemporary_progressivism" title="Progressivism in the United States">U.S. progressive politics</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HP_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HP-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> states that the decorations and pieces are not declarations of any beliefs,<sup id="cite_ref-guard_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guard-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but rather reflections of his "predilection for art with a political edge".<sup id="cite_ref-GOAG_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOAG-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emmerich is in favor of the campaign for <a href="/wiki/Stunt" title="Stunt">stunt</a> performers to receive recognition at the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award">Academy Awards</a>, and has worked to raise awareness over the issue of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CC_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He once was a chain-smoker who was known to smoke as many as four packs of cigarettes a day,<sup id="cite_ref-EW_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EW-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich has often included in his films characters who are trying to <a href="/wiki/Quit_smoking" class="mw-redirect" title="Quit smoking">quit smoking</a> or warn against the <a href="/wiki/Dangers_of_tobacco_use" class="mw-redirect" title="Dangers of tobacco use">dangers of tobacco use</a>. Along with several other celebrities, he is a producer of <i><a href="/wiki/The_1_Second_Film" title="The 1 Second Film">The 1 Second Film</a></i>, a non-profit project intended to raise money for <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">developing world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to film,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich also co-created and produced the short-lived television series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Visitor_(TV_series)" title="The Visitor (TV series)">The Visitor</a></i>, and, in 2001, directed a one-minute <a href="/wiki/Advertisement_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Advertisement film">commercial</a> entitled "Infinite Possibilities" for <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">DaimlerChrysler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film">Film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th width="65"><a href="/wiki/Film_director" title="Film director">Director</a> </th> <th width="65"><a href="/wiki/Screenwriter" title="Screenwriter">Writer</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Film_producer" title="Film producer">Producer</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1979 </td> <td><i>Franzmann</i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Wilde Witwe</i> (Short film) </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Noah%27s_Ark_Principle" title="The Noah's Ark Principle">The Noah's Ark Principle</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Co-producer </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Joey_(1985_film)" title="Joey (1985 film)">Joey</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Co-producer </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hollywood-Monster" title="Hollywood-Monster">Hollywood-Monster</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Moon_44" title="Moon 44">Moon 44</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Story </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Universal_Soldier_(1992_film)" title="Universal Soldier (1992 film)">Universal Soldier</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(film)" title="Stargate (film)">Stargate</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Executive </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Executive </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriot_(2000_film)" title="The Patriot (2000 film)">The Patriot</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Executive </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/10,000_BC_(film)" title="10,000 BC (film)">10,000 BC</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Executive </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(film)" title="Anonymous (film)">Anonymous</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(2015_film)" title="Stonewall (2015 film)">Stonewall</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Moonfall_(film)" title="Moonfall (film)">Moonfall</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Executive producer</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_the_Storm_(1991_film)" title="Eye of the Storm (1991 film)">Eye of the Storm</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eight_Legged_Freaks" title="Eight Legged Freaks">Eight Legged Freaks</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hell_(2011_film)" title="Hell (2011 film)">Hell</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i>Last Will & Testament</i> (2012) (Documentary)</li></ul> </div> <p><b>Producer</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_High_Crusade#Movie_adaptation" title="The High Crusade">The High Crusade</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Thirteenth_Floor" title="The Thirteenth Floor">The Thirteenth Floor</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trade_(film)" title="Trade (film)">Trade</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Flute_(2022_film)" title="The Magic Flute (2022 film)">The Magic Flute</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unrealized">Unrealized</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Unrealized"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Emmerich%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Roland Emmerich's unrealized projects">Roland Emmerich's unrealized projects</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year(s) </th> <th>Title </th> <th width="65">Director </th> <th width="65">Executive<br />Producer </th> <th width="65">Writer </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td><i>Altosax</i> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>TV movie </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Visitor_(TV_series)" title="The Visitor (TV series)">The Visitor</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998–2000 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla:_The_Series" title="Godzilla: The Series">Godzilla: The Series</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td><i>Dark Horse</i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>TV movie </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Those_About_to_Die_(TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Those About to Die (TV series)">Those About to Die</a></i> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td>TV series<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Critical reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reviewers often criticize Emmerich's films for relying heavily on visual effects and suffering from <a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">clichéd</a> dialogue, flimsy and formulaic narratives, numerous scientific and historical inaccuracies, illogical plot developments, and lack of character depth.<sup id="cite_ref-rt2_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt2-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rt3_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt3-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rt4_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt4-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emmerich contends that he is not discouraged by such criticism and that he aims to provide enjoyable "popcorn" entertainment to movie-going audiences.<sup id="cite_ref-CC_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stating that he is "a filmmaker, not a scientist", he creates his own fiction based on actual science or history to make the messages he sends "more exciting".<sup id="cite_ref-black_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-black-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to accusations of insensitivity for including scenes of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> being destroyed in <i>The Day After Tomorrow</i>, less than three years after the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, Emmerich said that it was necessary to depict the event as a means to showcase the increased unity people now have when facing a disaster, because of the attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-ugo_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CC_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CC-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-black_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-black-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When accused of resorting too often to scenes of cities being subjected to epic disasters, Emmerich says that it is a justified way of increasing awareness about both <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>, and the lack of a government preparation plan for a global doomsday scenario in the cases of <i>The Day After Tomorrow</i> and <i>2012</i>, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-black_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-black-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FS_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Acknowledging what he characterized as flaws with <i>Godzilla</i>, Emmerich admitted he regretted having agreed to direct it. He stated that his lack of interest in the previous <a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)" title="Godzilla (franchise)">Godzilla movies</a>, the short time he promised it would take for him to complete the film, and the studio's refusal to screen it for test audiences were all factors that may have negatively affected the quality of the final product,<sup id="cite_ref-ugo_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and cited the former reason as to why he turned down an offer to direct <i><a href="/wiki/Spider-Man_(2002_film)" title="Spider-Man (2002 film)">Spider-Man</a></i>, as he was not interested in comic books or <a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">superhero</a>-related fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-ugo_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Emmerich still defends <i>Godzilla</i>, noting that the film was highly profitable<sup id="cite_ref-ugo_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and claiming that, of all his movies, people tell him <i>Godzilla</i> is the one they and their kids watch the most repeatedly.<sup id="cite_ref-black_56-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-black-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emmerich has also faced criticism from the <a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_community" title="LGBTQ community">LGBT community</a>. His film <i><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(2015_film)" title="Stonewall (2015 film)">Stonewall</a></i> was criticized for <a href="/wiki/Whitewashing_in_film" title="Whitewashing in film">being whitewashed</a> and diminishing the contributions of <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> women of color to starting the <a href="/wiki/Stonewall_riots" title="Stonewall riots">Stonewall riots</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and for being <a href="/wiki/Sex-negative" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex-negative">sex-negative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to these claims, Emmerich has said the Stonewall riots were "a white event".<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film received generally negative reviews from critics.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, Emmerich touted his 2016 film <i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> as having a gay couple,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but when the film was released, Johnny Gayzmonic of <i>Unicorn Booty</i> criticized the film because the couple in question was two trivial characters lacking in believable chemistry who were utilized solely for comic relief, one of whom was needlessly killed off in a way that was not vital to the plot (the other having been depicted as strictly heterosexual in tie-in material to the first film), the characters only being revealed to have been a gay couple during the aforementioned death scene (with references to their relationship being cut from the Chinese version of the film), a fate that Gayzmonic observed befell many gay couples in film.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th rowspan="2">Film </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Overall </th></tr> <tr> <td>1992</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Universal_Soldier_(1992_film)" title="Universal Soldier (1992 film)">Universal Soldier</a></i></td> <td>33%</td> <td>35/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(film)" title="Stargate (film)">Stargate</a></i></td> <td>53%</td> <td>42/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i></td> <td>67%</td> <td>59/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i></td> <td>15%</td> <td>32/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriot_(2000_film)" title="The Patriot (2000 film)">The Patriot</a></i></td> <td>62%</td> <td>63/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i></td> <td>45%</td> <td>47/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/10,000_BC_(film)" title="10,000 BC (film)">10,000 BC</a></i></td> <td>9%</td> <td>34/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i></td> <td>39%</td> <td>49/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(film)" title="Anonymous (film)">Anonymous</a></i></td> <td>45%</td> <td>50/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i></td> <td>52%</td> <td>52/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(2015_film)" title="Stonewall (2015 film)">Stonewall</a></i></td> <td>9%</td> <td>30/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i></td> <td>29%</td> <td>32/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i></td> <td>41%</td> <td>47/100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Moonfall_(film)" title="Moonfall (film)">Moonfall</a></i></td> <td>43%</td> <td>36/100 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_nominations">Awards and nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Awards and nominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:1em;">Year<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" style="width:20em;">Nominated work </th> <th scope="col" style="width:25em;">Category </th> <th scope="col" style="width:5em;">Result </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Awards" title="Golden Raspberry Awards">Golden Raspberry Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_Golden_Raspberry_Awards" title="17th Golden Raspberry Awards">1997</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_Golden_Raspberry_Awards" title="17th Golden Raspberry Awards">Worst Written Film Grossing Over $100 Million</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/19th_Golden_Raspberry_Awards" title="19th Golden Raspberry Awards">1999</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Prequel,_Remake,_Rip-off_or_Sequel" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel">Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Director" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director">Worst Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Picture" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Picture">Worst Picture</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Screenplay" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screenplay">Worst Screenplay</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/37th_Golden_Raspberry_Awards" title="37th Golden Raspberry Awards">2017</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Prequel,_Remake,_Rip-off_or_Sequel" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel">Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Director" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Director">Worst Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Picture" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Picture">Worst Picture</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Raspberry_Award_for_Worst_Screenplay" title="Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screenplay">Worst Screenplay</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugo Awards">Hugo Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Dramatic_Presentation" title="Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation">Best Dramatic Presentation</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_Choice_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Kids' Choice Award">Kids' Choice Award</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_Kids%27_Choice_Awards" title="1997 Kids' Choice Awards">1997</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_Choice_Award_for_Favorite_Movie" title="Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie">Favorite Movie</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">Jupiter Award</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)#19th_Jupiter_Award_/_1997" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">1997</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">Best International Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">Best International Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)#27th_Jupiter_Award_/_2005" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">2005</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Award_(film_award)" title="Jupiter Award (film award)">Best International Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/MTV_Movie_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Movie Awards">MTV Movie Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1997_MTV_Movie_Awards" title="1997 MTV Movie Awards">1997</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/MTV_Movie_Award_for_Movie_of_the_Year" title="MTV Movie Award for Movie of the Year">Best Movie</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards" title="People's Choice Awards">People's Choice Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_People%27s_Choice_Awards" title="23rd People's Choice Awards">1997</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td>Favorite Dramatic Motion Picture </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_Saturn_Awards" title="23rd Saturn Awards">1997</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Saturn Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/25th_Saturn_Awards" title="25th Saturn Awards">1999</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Saturn Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film">Best Fantasy Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/31st_Saturn_Awards" title="31st Saturn Awards">2005</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film">Best Science Fiction Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/36th_Saturn_Awards" title="36th Saturn Awards">2010</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Action_or_Adventure_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Action or Adventure Film">Best Action or Adventure Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/43rd_Saturn_Awards" title="43rd Saturn Awards">2017</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film">Best Science Fiction Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Scream_Awards" title="Scream Awards">Scream Awards</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scream_Awards" title="Scream Awards">Best Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" colspan="6">Universe Reader's Choice Award </th></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> </td> <td>Best Director </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Year in which awards ceremony was held</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-moonfall-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-moonfall_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moonfall_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moonfall_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/roland-emmerich-interview-moonfall-1235080389/">"Roland Emmerich, Master of Disaster, Returns to Big-Screen Cataclysms With 'Moonfall'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i>. 27 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%2C+Master+of+Disaster%2C+Returns+to+Big-Screen+Cataclysms+With+%27Moonfall%27&rft.date=2022-01-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-features%2Froland-emmerich-interview-moonfall-1235080389%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?id=rolandemmerich.htm">"Roland Emmerich"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160411094211/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?id=rolandemmerich.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fpeople%2Fchart%2F%3Fid%3Drolandemmerich.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/people/directors/REMME.php">"Roland Emmerich"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160411094211/http://www.the-numbers.com/people/directors/REMME.php">Archived</a> from the original on 11 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fpeople%2Fdirectors%2FREMME.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wesuf4-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wesuf4_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRebecca_Ascher-Walsh1995" class="citation magazine cs1">Rebecca Ascher-Walsh (22 August 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ew.com/article/1996/07/12/timeline-independence-day-filmshoot">"Space Under Fire"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110816215337/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,293332_4,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Space+Under+Fire&rft.date=1995-08-22&rft.au=Rebecca+Ascher-Walsh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ew.com%2Farticle%2F1996%2F07%2F12%2Ftimeline-independence-day-filmshoot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn1_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilary_Whiteman2008" class="citation news cs1">Hilary Whiteman (7 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/02/28/emmerich.history/index.html">"Roland Emmerich, the accidental director"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306020702/http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/02/28/emmerich.history/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%2C+the+accidental+director&rft.date=2008-03-07&rft.au=Hilary+Whiteman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2008%2FSHOWBIZ%2F02%2F28%2Femmerich.history%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnn2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn2_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilary_Whiteman2008" class="citation news cs1">Hilary Whiteman (10 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/02/28/emmerich.director/index.html">"Roland Emmerich: Making it big"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306010139/http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/02/28/emmerich.director/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%3A+Making+it+big&rft.date=2008-03-10&rft.au=Hilary+Whiteman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2008%2FSHOWBIZ%2F02%2F28%2Femmerich.director%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Legacy-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Legacy_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Force Is With Them: The Legacy of Star Wars</i> Star Wars Original Trilogy DVD Box Set: Bonus Materials, [2004]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-time-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-time_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-time_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Corliss1996" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Corliss" title="Richard Corliss">Richard Corliss</a> (8 July 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090815102703/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,984815-5,00.html">"The Invasion Has Begun"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">TIME</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,984815-5,00.html">the original</a> on 15 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scifi.com/scifiwire/index.php?category=0&id=37195">the original</a> on 3 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved on 8 July 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=independenceday.htm">"Independence Day."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923135752/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=independenceday.htm">Archived</a> 23 September 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Box Office Mojo</i>. Retrieved on 8 July 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.10000bcmovie.com/">"William Fay Bio."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218101034/http://www.10000bcmovie.com/">Archived</a> 18 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>www.10000bcmovie.com</i>. Retrieved on 4 March 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070116044902/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla/">"Godzilla (1998)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla/">the original</a> on 16 January 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Godzilla+%281998%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fgodzilla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mc1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mc1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/video/titles/patriot">"The Patriot"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=The+Patriot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fvideo%2Ftitles%2Fpatriot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mc2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mc2_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/search/process?sort=relevance&termType=all&ts=roland+emmerich&ty=1&x=42&y=6">"Roland Emmerich (search results)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fcelebrity%2Froland_emmerich%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rt7-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rt7_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/browser.php?navsection=home&type=2&genre=&subgenre=&tomatometer=0%s&numreviews=&mpaa=&letter=&decade=2000s&year=&video_format=&title_search=&person_search=&plot_search=&sort=OrigReleaseYear+DESC&start_index=0&page=1">"Tomato Picker 2008 films with <10% "fresh" ratings"</a>. <i>Rotten Tomatoes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Emmerich+to+captain+%27Voyage%27&rft.date=2007-08-15&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2007%2Ffilm%2Fmarkets-festivals%2Femmerich-to-captain-voyage-2-1117970307%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGajewski2024" class="citation web cs1">Gajewski, Ryan (26 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/roland-emmerich-james-cameron-fantastic-voyage-1235959190/">"Roland Emmerich Calls James Cameron "Very Overbearing", Explains Why He Exited 'Fantastic Voyage'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Sony+buys+Emmerich%27s+%272012%27&rft.date=2008-02-21&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2008%2Ffilm%2Fmarkets-festivals%2Fsony-buys-emmerich-s-2012-1117981245%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPawlowski2009" class="citation web cs1">Pawlowski, Agnes (27 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/01/27/2012.maya.calendar.theories/">"Apocalypse in 2012? Date spawns theories, film"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090201150739/http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/science/01/27/2012.maya.calendar.theories/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Apocalypse+in+2012%3F+Date+spawns+theories%2C+film&rft.date=2009-01-27&rft.aulast=Pawlowski&rft.aufirst=Agnes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2009%2FTECH%2Fscience%2F01%2F27%2F2012.maya.calendar.theories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coronacomingattractions.com/scoops/october-9-2009-anonymous-roland-emmerich-talks-about-his-next-project">"October 9, 2009 – Anonymous / Roland Emmerich talks about his next project – Corona Coming Attractions"</a>. <i>www.coronacomingattractions.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101125234914/http://coronacomingattractions.com/scoops/october-9-2009-anonymous-roland-emmerich-talks-about-his-next-project">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.coronacomingattractions.com&rft.atitle=October+9%2C+2009+%E2%80%93+Anonymous+%2F+Roland+Emmerich+talks+about+his+next+project+%E2%80%93+Corona+Coming+Attractions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coronacomingattractions.com%2Fscoops%2Foctober-9-2009-anonymous-roland-emmerich-talks-about-his-next-project&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-empire-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-empire_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Semlyen2010" class="citation news cs1">de Semlyen, Phil (25 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814084816/http://www.empireonline.com/News/story.asp?nid=27133">"Roland Emmerich's Next Is 'Anonymous' About Shakespeare"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Empire_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire Online">Empire Online</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Empire+Online&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%27s+Next+Is+%27Anonymous%27+About+Shakespeare&rft.date=2010-02-25&rft.aulast=de+Semlyen&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3FNID%3D27133&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/roland-emmerich-singularity-failed-blockbuster-what-happened/">What Happened to 'Singularity,' the Roland Emmerich Blockbuster That Never Was?</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comingsoon.net/movies/features/615375-director-roland-emmerich-on-telling-the-story-of-stonewall">"Director Roland Emmerich on Telling the Story of Stonewall"</a>. <i>ComingSoon.net</i>. 23 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ComingSoon.net&rft.atitle=Director+Roland+Emmerich+on+Telling+the+Story+of+Stonewall&rft.date=2015-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comingsoon.net%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2F615375-director-roland-emmerich-on-telling-the-story-of-stonewall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vulture-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vulture_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan2015" class="citation web cs1">Buchanan, Kyle (31 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2015/07/roland-emmerich-on-gay-rights-drama-stonewall.html#">"Roland Emmerich Discusses His Gay-Rights Drama Stonewall and Debuts the Exclusive Poster"</a>. <i>Vulture</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vulture&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+Discusses+His+Gay-Rights+Drama+Stonewall+and+Debuts+the+Exclusive+Poster&rft.date=2015-07-31&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2015%2F07%2Froland-emmerich-on-gay-rights-drama-stonewall.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowell2016" class="citation web cs1">Powell, Corey S. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esquire&rft.atitle=Getting+Under+the+Alien+Skin+of+the+New+%27Independence+Day%27&rft.date=2016-06-24&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Corey+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.discovermagazine.com%2Foutthere%2F2016%2F06%2F24%2Findependence_day%2F%23.WBFgr8mxUog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKit2020" class="citation news cs1">Kit, Borys (19 May 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/halle-berry-star-roland-emmerich-sci-fi-film-moonfall-1294852">"Halle Berry to Star in Roland Emmerich's Sci-Fi Movie 'Moonfall' (Exclusive)"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Halle+Berry+to+Star+in+Roland+Emmerich%27s+Sci-Fi+Movie+%27Moonfall%27+%28Exclusive%29&rft.date=2020-05-19&rft.aulast=Kit&rft.aufirst=Borys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fhalle-berry-star-roland-emmerich-sci-fi-film-moonfall-1294852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/josh-gad-star-roland-emmerichs-disaster-thriller-moonfall-1294354">"Josh Gad to Star in Roland Emmerich's Disaster Thriller 'Moonfall'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Hollywood Reporter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Josh+Gad+to+Star+in+Roland+Emmerich%27s+Disaster+Thriller+%27Moonfall%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fjosh-gad-star-roland-emmerichs-disaster-thriller-moonfall-1294354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiseman2020" class="citation news cs1">Wiseman, Andreas (16 January 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2020/01/roland-emmerichs-sci-fi-moonfall-gets-china-distribution-funding-from-huayi-production-lined-up-for-spring-1202833344/">"Roland Emmerich's 'Moonfall' Gets China Distribution, Spring Start"</a>. <i>Deadline</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deadline&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%27s+%27Moonfall%27+Gets+China+Distribution%2C+Spring+Start&rft.date=2020-01-16&rft.aulast=Wiseman&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2020%2F01%2Froland-emmerichs-sci-fi-moonfall-gets-china-distribution-funding-from-huayi-production-lined-up-for-spring-1202833344%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2023" class="citation web cs1">White, Peter (28 June 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2023/06/roland-emmerich-unveils-space-nation-franchise-tv-series-game-1235424714/">"Roland Emmerich Unveils 'Space Nation', Franchise Encompassing TV Series, Online Game & Animated Shorts"</a>. <i>Deadline Hollywood</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+Unveils+%27Space+Nation%27%2C+Franchise+Encompassing+TV+Series%2C+Online+Game+%26+Animated+Shorts&rft.date=2023-06-28&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2023%2F06%2Froland-emmerich-unveils-space-nation-franchise-tv-series-game-1235424714%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ugo-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ugo_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugo_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugo_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugo_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ugo_35-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEpstein" class="citation news cs1">Epstein, Daniel Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090107212214/http://www.ugo.com/channels/filmTv/features/thedayaftertomorrow/rolandemmerich.asp">"Roland Emmerich of The Day After Tomorrow (20th Century Fox) Interview"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/UGO" class="mw-redirect" title="UGO">UGO</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ugo.com/channels/filmTv/features/thedayaftertomorrow/rolandemmerich.asp">the original</a> on 7 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UGO&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+of+The+Day+After+Tomorrow+%2820th+Century+Fox%29+Interview&rft.aulast=Epstein&rft.aufirst=Daniel+Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ugo.com%2Fchannels%2FfilmTv%2Ffeatures%2Fthedayaftertomorrow%2Frolandemmerich.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CI-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CI_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CI_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CI_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170205124359/http://www.ctcottageindustries.com/2008/09/brilliant-or-bad-taste-director-roland.html">"BRILLIANT OR BAD TASTE? Director Roland Emmerich's Knightsbridge Townhouse"</a>. Cottage Industries. 5 September 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctcottageindustries.com/2008/09/brilliant-or-bad-taste-director-roland.html">the original</a> on 5 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BRILLIANT+OR+BAD+TASTE%3F+Director+Roland+Emmerich%27s+Knightsbridge+Townhouse&rft.date=2008-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctcottageindustries.com%2F2008%2F09%2Fbrilliant-or-bad-taste-director-roland.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4F-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-4F_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-4F_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-4F_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.4seasons-photography.com/Event_Hillary_Clinton.html">"LGBT hold fundraiser for Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton at Roland Emmerich's Hollywood Home"</a>. 4seasons Photography. 22 July 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080313203809/http://www.4seasons-photography.com/Event_Hillary_Clinton.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LGBT+hold+fundraiser+for+Sen.+Hillary+Rodham+Clinton+at+Roland+Emmerich%27s+Hollywood+Home&rft.pub=4seasons+Photography&rft.date=2007-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.4seasons-photography.com%2FEvent_Hillary_Clinton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guard-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guard_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guard_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guard_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guard_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-guard_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathryn_Harris2008" class="citation news cs1">Kathryn Harris (25 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/25/roland-emmerich">"There's no manifesto"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131017095532/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/25/roland-emmerich">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=There%27s+no+manifesto&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft.au=Kathryn+Harris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2008%2Foct%2F25%2Froland-emmerich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124185548/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/roland-emmerich-engagement/">"Director of worst gay film ever to tie the knot this summer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gay_Star_News" title="Gay Star News">Gay Star News</a></i>. 20 March 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/roland-emmerich-engagement/">the original</a> on 24 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gay+Star+News&rft.atitle=Director+of+worst+gay+film+ever+to+tie+the+knot+this+summer&rft.date=2017-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gaystarnews.com%2Farticle%2Froland-emmerich-engagement%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TDATcomm-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TDATcomm_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TDATcomm_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Day After Tomorrow</i> Director/Producer DVD Commentary (2004)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.advocate.com/arts-entertainment/entertainment-news/2006/01/25/hollywood-director-helps-save-gay-and-lesbian-films">"Hollywood director helps save gay and lesbian films"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(LGBT_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Advocate (LGBT magazine)">The Advocate</a></i>. 25 January 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810094124/http://www.advocate.com/arts-entertainment/entertainment-news/2006/01/25/hollywood-director-helps-save-gay-and-lesbian-films">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Advocate&rft.atitle=Hollywood+director+helps+save+gay+and+lesbian+films&rft.date=2006-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.advocate.com%2Farts-entertainment%2Fentertainment-news%2F2006%2F01%2F25%2Fhollywood-director-helps-save-gay-and-lesbian-films&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelocal.de/20110912/37539">"Hollywood director Emmerich says mum won't let him vote Green"</a>. <i>The Local Germany</i>. 12 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Local+Germany&rft.atitle=Hollywood+director+Emmerich+says+mum+won%27t+let+him+vote+Green&rft.date=2011-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.de%2F20110912%2F37539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hollywood_Reporter-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hollywood_Reporter_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouch2013" class="citation news cs1">Couch, Aaron (25 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/roland-emmerich-independence-day-2-574512">"Roland Emmerich: <i>Independence Day</i> 2 to Feature Gay Character"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140315020007/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/roland-emmerich-independence-day-2-574512">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%3A+Independence+Day+2+to+Feature+Gay+Character&rft.date=2013-06-25&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Froland-emmerich-independence-day-2-574512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GOAG-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GOAG_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GOAG_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GOAG_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHruska,_Rachelle_J.2008" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rachelle_Hruska" title="Rachelle Hruska">Hruska, Rachelle J.</a> (7 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091115081946/http://guestofaguest.com/things-we-love/roland-emmerichs-far-from-conservative-style/">"Roland Emmerich's Far From Conservative Style"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Guest_of_a_Guest" title="Guest of a Guest">Guest of a Guest</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guestofaguest.com/things-we-love/roland-emmerichs-far-from-conservative-style/">the original</a> on 15 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%27s+Far+From+Conservative+Style&rft.date=2008-10-07&rft.au=Hruska%2C+Rachelle+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguestofaguest.com%2Fthings-we-love%2Froland-emmerichs-far-from-conservative-style%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HP-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HP_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002005634/http://fundrace.huffingtonpost.com/neighbors.php?type=name&lname=Emmerich&fname=Roland">"FUNDRACE 2008"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fundrace.huffingtonpost.com/neighbors.php?type=name&lname=Emmerich&fname=Roland">the original</a> on 2 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=FUNDRACE+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffundrace.huffingtonpost.com%2Fneighbors.php%3Ftype%3Dname%26lname%3DEmmerich%26fname%3DRoland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CC-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CC_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CC_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CC_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChau2004" class="citation news cs1">Chau, Thomas (27 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cinecon.com/news.php?id=0405271">"INTERVIEW: Director Roland Emmerich on "The Day After Tomorrow"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Cinema Confidential</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040606125634/http://www.cinecon.com/news.php?id=0405271">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cinema+Confidential&rft.atitle=INTERVIEW%3A+Director+Roland+Emmerich+on+%22The+Day+After+Tomorrow%22&rft.date=2004-05-27&rft.aulast=Chau&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinecon.com%2Fnews.php%3Fid%3D0405271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackfilm.com/20040528/features/rolandemmerich.shtml">"An interview with Roland Emmerich"</a>. blackfilm.com. 1 May 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080306110853/http://www.blackfilm.com/20040528/features/rolandemmerich.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+interview+with+Roland+Emmerich&rft.pub=blackfilm.com&rft.date=2004-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackfilm.com%2F20040528%2Ffeatures%2Frolandemmerich.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EW-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EW_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRebecca_Ascher-Walsh1996" class="citation magazine cs1">Rebecca Ascher-Walsh (12 July 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/1996/07/12/timeline-independence-day-filmshoot/">"Space Under Fire"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080709002618/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,293332,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Space+Under+Fire&rft.date=1996-07-12&rft.au=Rebecca+Ascher-Walsh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1996%2F07%2F12%2Ftimeline-independence-day-filmshoot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090825155603/http://the1secondfilm.com/producer/562">"Roland Emmerich"</a>. The 1 Second Film. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the1secondfilm.com/producer/562">the original</a> on 25 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roland+Emmerich&rft.pub=The+1+Second+Film&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthe1secondfilm.com%2Fproducer%2F562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p88961/filmography">Roland Emmerich filmography</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clipland.com/Summary/501001908">"Infinite Possibilities"</a>. clipland.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531205053/http://www.clipland.com/Summary/501001908/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Infinite+Possibilities&rft.pub=clipland.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clipland.com%2FSummary%2F501001908&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetski2024" class="citation web cs1">Petski, Denise (7 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2024/06/those-about-to-die-premiere-date-trailer-roland-emmerich-anthony-hopkins-1235877090/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Those About To Die' Unveils Premiere Date & Teaser"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240408002108/https://deadline.com/2024/04/those-about-to-die-premiere-date-trailer-roland-emmerich-anthony-hopkins-1235877090/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=%27Those+About+To+Die%27+Unveils+Premiere+Date+%26+Teaser&rft.date=2024-04-07&rft.aulast=Petski&rft.aufirst=Denise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2024%2F06%2Fthose-about-to-die-premiere-date-trailer-roland-emmerich-anthony-hopkins-1235877090%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rt2-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rt2_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla/">"The Day After Tomorrow (2004)"</a>. rottentomatoes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213143730/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Day+After+Tomorrow+%282004%29&rft.pub=rottentomatoes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fgodzilla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rt3-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rt3_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1098149-patriot/">"The Patriot (2000)"</a>. rottentomatoes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090204144620/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1098149-patriot/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Patriot+%282000%29&rft.pub=rottentomatoes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2F1098149-patriot%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rt4-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rt4_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/10000_bc/">"10,000 BC (2008)"</a>. rottentomatoes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080309101512/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/10000_bc/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=10%2C000+BC+%282008%29&rft.pub=rottentomatoes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2F10000_bc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-black-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-black_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-black_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-black_56-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-black_56-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilchrist2004" class="citation news cs1">Gilchrist, Todd (May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackfilm.com/20040528/features/rolandemmerich.shtml">"The Day After Tomorrow: An Interview with Roland Emmerich"</a>. blackfilm.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090116213143/http://www.blackfilm.com/20040528/features/rolandemmerich.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Day+After+Tomorrow%3A+An+Interview+with+Roland+Emmerich&rft.date=2004-05&rft.aulast=Gilchrist&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackfilm.com%2F20040528%2Ffeatures%2Frolandemmerich.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FS-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FS_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBillington2008" class="citation news cs1">Billington, Alex (3 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.firstshowing.net/2008/03/03/roland-emmerich-almost-explains-what-happens-in-2012/">"Roland Emmerich (Almost) Explains What Happens in 2012"</a>. <i>Firstshowing.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090305005356/http://www.firstshowing.net/2008/03/03/roland-emmerich-almost-explains-what-happens-in-2012/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Firstshowing.net&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+%28Almost%29+Explains+What+Happens+in+2012&rft.date=2008-03-03&rft.aulast=Billington&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.firstshowing.net%2F2008%2F03%2F03%2Froland-emmerich-almost-explains-what-happens-in-2012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeeley2015" class="citation web cs1">Keeley, Matt (6 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unicornbooty.com/roland-emmerichs-stonewall-has-a-white-cis-hero-and-thats-a-problem/">"UPDATED: Roland Emmerich's 'Stonewall' Has A White/Cis Hero, And That's A Problem"</a>. <i>Unicorn Booty</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512184044/https://unicornbooty.com/roland-emmerichs-stonewall-has-a-white-cis-hero-and-thats-a-problem/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unicorn+Booty&rft.atitle=UPDATED%3A+Roland+Emmerich%27s+%27Stonewall%27+Has+A+White%2FCis+Hero%2C+And+That%27s+A+Problem&rft.date=2015-08-06&rft.aulast=Keeley&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funicornbooty.com%2Froland-emmerichs-stonewall-has-a-white-cis-hero-and-thats-a-problem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillarreal2015" class="citation web cs1">Villarreal, Daniel (28 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unicornbooty.com/5-problems-besides-whitewashing-in-the-film-stonewall/">"5 Problems Besides Whitewashing in the Film "Stonewall"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Unicorn Booty</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817234825/https://unicornbooty.com/5-problems-besides-whitewashing-in-the-film-stonewall/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unicorn+Booty&rft.atitle=5+Problems+Besides+Whitewashing+in+the+Film+%22Stonewall%22&rft.date=2015-09-28&rft.aulast=Villarreal&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funicornbooty.com%2F5-problems-besides-whitewashing-in-the-film-stonewall%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2016" class="citation web cs1">Bernstein, Jonathan (18 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jun/18/roland-emmerich-on-independence-day-resurgence">"Roland Emmerich: 'I like to say I was driven out of Germany by the critics'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160622071426/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jun/18/roland-emmerich-on-independence-day-resurgence">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich%3A+%27I+like+to+say+I+was+driven+out+of+Germany+by+the+critics%27&rft.date=2016-06-18&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2016%2Fjun%2F18%2Froland-emmerich-on-independence-day-resurgence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/stonewall_2015/">"<i>Stonewall</i> (2015)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Stonewall+%282015%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fstonewall_2015%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardner2015" class="citation web cs1">Gardner, Chris (21 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/roland-emmerich-independence-day-2s-781706">"Roland Emmerich on 'Independence Day 2's' Gay Couple: It's Not "a Big Deal"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161011025412/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/roland-emmerich-independence-day-2s-781706">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+on+%27Independence+Day+2%27s%27+Gay+Couple%3A+It%27s+Not+%22a+Big+Deal%22&rft.date=2015-03-21&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Froland-emmerich-independence-day-2s-781706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGayzmonic2016" class="citation web cs1">Gayzmonic, Johnny (24 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unicornbooty.com/gay-couple-independence-day-resurgence-dont-get-due/">"The Gay Couple In Independence Day: Resurgence Don't Get Their Due"</a>. <i>Unicorn Booty</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160625125149/https://unicornbooty.com/gay-couple-independence-day-resurgence-dont-get-due/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unicorn+Booty&rft.atitle=The+Gay+Couple+In+Independence+Day%3A+Resurgence+Don%27t+Get+Their+Due&rft.date=2016-06-24&rft.aulast=Gayzmonic&rft.aufirst=Johnny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funicornbooty.com%2Fgay-couple-independence-day-resurgence-dont-get-due%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/roland_emmerich/">"Roland Emmerich Filmography's Tomatometer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161010213636/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/roland_emmerich/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+Filmography%27s+Tomatometer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fcelebrity%2Froland_emmerich%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/person/roland-emmerich">"Roland Emmerich Profile's Metascore"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160829183734/http://www.metacritic.com/person/roland-emmerich">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=Roland+Emmerich+Profile%27s+Metascore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fperson%2Froland-emmerich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoland+Emmerich" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roland_Emmerich&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000386/">Roland Emmerich</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the1secondfilm.com/producer/562">Roland Emmerich Producer Profile for The 1 Second Film</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090825155603/http://the1secondfilm.com/producer/562">Archived</a> 25 August 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hossli.com/articles/2009/07/13/the-day-i-stop-making-movies-ill-die/">Interview with Roland Emmerich from July 2009</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centropolis.com/">Centropolis Entertainment</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829063636/http://www.centropolis.com/">Archived</a> 29 August 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_directed_by_Roland_Emmerich" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roland_Emmerich" title="Template:Roland Emmerich"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roland_Emmerich" title="Template talk:Roland Emmerich"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roland_Emmerich" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roland Emmerich"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Roland_Emmerich" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roland Emmerich</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Noah%27s_Ark_Principle" title="The Noah's Ark Principle">The Noah's Ark Principle</a></i> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Joey_(1985_film)" title="Joey (1985 film)">Joey</a></i> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hollywood-Monster" title="Hollywood-Monster">Hollywood-Monster</a></i> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Moon_44" title="Moon 44">Moon 44</a></i> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Universal_Soldier_(1992_film)" title="Universal Soldier (1992 film)">Universal Soldier</a></i> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(film)" title="Stargate (film)">Stargate</a></i> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a></i> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Godzilla_(1998_film)" title="Godzilla (1998 film)">Godzilla</a></i> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriot_(2000_film)" title="The Patriot (2000 film)">The Patriot</a></i> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After_Tomorrow" title="The Day After Tomorrow">The Day After Tomorrow</a></i> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/10,000_BC_(film)" title="10,000 BC (film)">10,000 BC</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/2012_(film)" title="2012 (film)">2012</a></i> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_(film)" title="Anonymous (film)">Anonymous</a></i> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/White_House_Down" title="White House Down">White House Down</a></i> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_(2015_film)" title="Stonewall (2015 film)">Stonewall</a></i> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day:_Resurgence" title="Independence Day: Resurgence">Independence Day: Resurgence</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Midway_(2019_film)" title="Midway (2019 film)">Midway</a></i> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Moonfall_(film)" title="Moonfall (film)">Moonfall</a></i> (2022)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Roland_Emmerich" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Roland_Emmerich" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Roland Emmerich</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Saturn Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Saturn Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saturn Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Saturn Award for Best Director">Saturn Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (1974/75)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Curtis" title="Dan Curtis">Dan Curtis</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irvin_Kershner" title="Irvin Kershner">Irvin Kershner</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Meyer" title="Nicholas Meyer">Nicholas Meyer</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Badham" title="John Badham">John Badham</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Dante" title="Joe Dante">Joe Dante</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Howard" title="Ron Howard">Ron Howard</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1989/90)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roland Emmerich</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bay" title="Michael Bay">Michael Bay</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Wachowskis" title="The Wachowskis">Lilly Wachowski and Lana Wachowski</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Singer" title="Bryan Singer">Bryan Singer</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Raimi" title="Sam Raimi">Sam Raimi</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Singer" title="Bryan Singer">Bryan Singer</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zack_Snyder" title="Zack Snyder">Zack Snyder</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Favreau" title="Jon Favreau">Jon Favreau</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._J._Abrams" title="J. J. Abrams">J. J. Abrams</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joss_Whedon" title="Joss Whedon">Joss Whedon</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Gunn" title="James Gunn">James Gunn</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gareth_Edwards_(director)" title="Gareth Edwards (director)">Gareth Edwards</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Coogler" title="Ryan Coogler">Ryan Coogler</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peele" title="Jordan Peele">Jordan Peele</a> (2018/2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._J._Abrams" title="J. J. Abrams">J. J. Abrams</a> (2019/2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Reeves" title="Matt Reeves">Matt Reeves</a> (2021/2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (2022/2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" title="Template:MTV Movie Award for Best Action Sequence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" title="Template talk:MTV Movie Award for Best Action Sequence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MTV Movie Award for Best Action Sequence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Action_Sequence" title="MTV Movie Award for Best Action Sequence">MTV Movie Award for Best Action Sequence</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Donner" title="Richard Donner">Richard Donner</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davis_(director)" title="Andrew Davis (director)">Andrew Davis</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_de_Bont" title="Jan de Bont">Jan de Bont</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Gibson" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_de_Bont" title="Jan de Bont">Jan de Bont</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bay" title="Michael Bay">Michael Bay</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Bay" title="Michael Bay">Michael Bay</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roland Emmerich</a> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Template:Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Template talk:Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Berlin_International_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="List of Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents">Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1956–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> (1956)</li> <li>Jay Carmody (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aldrich" title="Robert Aldrich">Robert Aldrich</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Lloyd" title="Harold Lloyd">Harold Lloyd</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Quinn_(film_administrator)" title="James Quinn (film administrator)">James Quinn</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Toye" title="Wendy Toye">Wendy Toye</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mann" title="Anthony Mann">Anthony Mann</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gillett" title="John Gillett">John Gillett</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Braunberger" title="Pierre Braunberger">Pierre Braunberger</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorold_Dickinson" title="Thorold Dickinson">Thorold Dickinson</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Garc%C3%ADa_Berlanga" title="Luis García Berlanga">Luis García Berlanga</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Schaaf" title="Johannes Schaaf">Johannes Schaaf</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Stevens" title="George Stevens">George Stevens</a> (1970)</li> <li>Bjørn Rasmussen (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Perry" title="Eleanor Perry">Eleanor Perry</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Robinson_(film_critic)" title="David Robinson (film critic)">David Robinson</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Kuhn" title="Rodolfo Kuhn">Rodolfo Kuhn</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Syms" title="Sylvia Syms">Sylvia Syms</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Kawalerowicz" title="Jerzy Kawalerowicz">Jerzy Kawalerowicz</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senta_Berger" title="Senta Berger">Senta Berger</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Highsmith" title="Patricia Highsmith">Patricia Highsmith</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rn_Donner" title="Jörn Donner">Jörn Donner</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Thulin" title="Ingrid Thulin">Ingrid Thulin</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jutta_Br%C3%BCckner" title="Jutta Brückner">Jutta Brückner</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Fontaine" title="Joan Fontaine">Joan Fontaine</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marais" title="Jean Marais">Jean Marais</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gina_Lollobrigida" title="Gina Lollobrigida">Gina Lollobrigida</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Maria_Brandauer" title="Klaus Maria Brandauer">Klaus Maria Brandauer</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Biraghi" title="Guglielmo Biraghi">Guglielmo Biraghi</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Liebermann" title="Rolf Liebermann">Rolf Liebermann</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ballhaus" title="Michael Ballhaus">Michael Ballhaus</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Schl%C3%B6ndorff" title="Volker Schlöndorff">Volker Schlöndorff</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Girardot" title="Annie Girardot">Annie Girardot</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Beyer" title="Frank Beyer">Frank Beyer</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thomas" title="Jeremy Thomas">Jeremy Thomas</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lia_van_Leer" title="Lia van Leer">Lia van Leer</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Mikhalkov" title="Nikita Mikhalkov">Nikita Mikhalkov</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lang_(French_politician)" title="Jack Lang (French politician)">Jack Lang</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Molina" title="Ángela Molina">Ángela Molina</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Li" title="Gong Li">Gong Li</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Mechanic" title="Bill Mechanic">Bill Mechanic</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mira_Nair" title="Mira Nair">Mira Nair</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_Egoyan" title="Atom Egoyan">Atom Egoyan</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_McDormand" title="Frances McDormand">Frances McDormand</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roland Emmerich</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling" title="Charlotte Rampling">Charlotte Rampling</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Herzog" title="Werner Herzog">Werner Herzog</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_Rossellini" title="Isabella Rossellini">Isabella Rossellini</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wong_Kar-wai" title="Wong Kar-wai">Wong Kar-wai</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Schamus" title="James Schamus">James Schamus</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Aronofsky" title="Darren Aronofsky">Darren Aronofsky</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tykwer" title="Tom Tykwer">Tom Tykwer</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliette_Binoche" title="Juliette Binoche">Juliette Binoche</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Night_Shyamalan" title="M. Night Shyamalan">M. Night Shyamalan</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristen_Stewart" title="Kristen Stewart">Kristen Stewart</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o" title="Lupita Nyong'o">Lupita Nyong'o</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60100#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60100#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60100#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjKMKfcW8VGtpXyVMPpRXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11882516X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n95065690">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13995157f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13995157f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00513086">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35153577">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0012074&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX915471">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1439143">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p141322705">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90946083">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000428811">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200103556">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810619621405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007447684205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA09744914?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/5b40da8c-b3f9-4e01-b235-17234d24b451">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/844179">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11882516X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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