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Alshehri</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Lana Alshehri"> <meta name="keywords" content="Lana Alshehri"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Lana Alshehri"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 32</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Lana Alshehri</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Snapchat’s Scanning Feature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reham%20Banwair">Reham Banwair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Alshehri"> Lana Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Hadrawi"> Sara Hadrawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this project is to identify user satisfaction with the AI functions on Snapchat, in order to generate improvement proposals that allow its development within the app. To achieve this, a qualitative analysis was carried out through interviews to people who usually use the application, revealing their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the usefulness of the AI. In addition, the background of the company and its introduction in these algorithms were analyzed. Furthermore, the characteristics of the three main functions of AI were explained: identify songs, solve mathematical problems, and recognize plants. As a result, it was obtained that 50% still do not know the characteristics of AI, 50% still believe song recognition is not always correct, 41.7% believe that math problems are usually accurate and 91.7% believes the plant detection tool is working properly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning" title=" scanning"> scanning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snapchat" title=" Snapchat"> Snapchat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151231/snapchats-scanning-feature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Detecting Black Hole Attacks in Body Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Alshehri">Sara Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Alenzi"> Bayan Alenzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atheer%20Alshehri"> Atheer Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Chelloug"> Samia Chelloug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Almry"> Zainab Almry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussah%20Albugmai"> Hussah Albugmai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper concerns body area networks sensor that collect signals around a human body. The black hole attacks are the main security challenging problem because the data traffic can be dropped at any node. The focus of our proposed solution is to efficiently route data packets while detecting black hole nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20sensor%20networks" title="body sensor networks">body sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20hole" title=" black hole"> black hole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broadcasting" title=" broadcasting"> broadcasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OMNeT%2B%2B" title=" OMNeT++ "> OMNeT++ </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10435/detecting-black-hole-attacks-in-body-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">645</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> The Ideology of the Jordanian Media Women’s Discourse: Lana Mamkgh as an Example</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Hassan%20Abu%20Atieh">Amani Hassan Abu Atieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims at examining the patterns of ideology reflected in the written discourse of women writers in the media of Jordan; Lana Mamkgh is taken as an example. This study critically analyzes the discursive, linguistic, and cognitive representations that she employs as an agent in the institutionalized discourse of the media. Grounded in van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis approach to Sociocognitive Discourse Studies, the present study builds a multilayer framework that encompasses van Dijk’s triangle: discourse, society, and cognition. Specifically, the study attempts to analyze, at both micro and macro levels, the underlying cognitive processes and structures, mainly ideology and discursive strategies, which are functional in the production of women’s discourse in terms of meaning, forms, and functions. Cognitive processes that social actors adopt are underlined by experience/context and semantic mental models on the one hand and social cognition on the other. This study is based on qualitative research and adopts purposive sampling, taking as an example a sample of an opinion article written by Lana Mamkgh in the Arabic Jordanian Daily, Al Rai. Taking her role as an agent in the public sphere, she stresses the National and feminist ideologies, demonstrating the use of assertive, evaluative, and expressive linguistic and rhetorical devices that appeal to the logic, ethics, and emotions of the addressee. Highlighting the agency of Jordanian writers in the media, the study sought to achieve the macro goal of dispensing political and social justice to the underprivileged. Further, the study seeks to prove that the voice of Jordanian women, viewed as underrepresented and invisible in the public arena, has come through clearly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20analysis" title="critical discourse analysis">critical discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociocognitive%20theory" title=" sociocognitive theory"> sociocognitive theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideology" title=" ideology"> ideology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20discourse" title=" women discourse"> women discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title=" media"> media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157675/the-ideology-of-the-jordanian-media-womens-discourse-lana-mamkgh-as-an-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Assessment of Image Databases Used for Human Skin Detection Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alshehri">Saleh Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human skin detection is a vital step in many applications. Some of the applications are critical especially those related to security. This leverages the importance of a high-performance detection algorithm. To validate the accuracy of the algorithm, image databases are usually used. However, the suitability of these image databases is still questionable. It is suggested that the suitability can be measured mainly by the span the database covers of the color space. This research investigates the validity of three famous image databases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20databases" title="image databases">image databases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87836/assessment-of-image-databases-used-for-human-skin-detection-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Developing a Smart Card Using Internet of Things-Uni-C</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enji%20E.%20Alzamzami">Enji E. Alzamzami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kholod%20A.%20Almwallad"> Kholod A. Almwallad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahaf%20J.%20Alwafi"> Rahaf J. Alwafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roaa%20H.%20Alansari"> Roaa H. Alansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shatha%20S.%20Alshehri"> Shatha S. Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aeshah%20A.%20Alsiyami"> Aeshah A. Alsiyami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper demonstrates a system that helps solve the congestion problem at the entrance gates and limits the spread of viruses among people in crowded environments, such as COVID-19, using the IoT (Internet of Things). This system may assist in organizing the campus entry process efficiently by developing a smart card application supported by NFC (Near Field Communication) technology through which users' information could be sent to a reader to share it with the server and allow the server to perform its tasks and send a confirmation response for the request either by acceptance or rejection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC%20technology" title=" NFC technology"> NFC technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20card" title=" smart card"> smart card</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149076/developing-a-smart-card-using-internet-of-things-uni-c" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Single Valued Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Rough Set and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Alsager">K. M. Alsager</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20O.%20Alshehri"> N. O. Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we proposed the notion of single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set, by combining single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and rough set. The combination of single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set and rough set is a powerful tool for dealing with uncertainty, granularity and incompleteness of knowledge in information systems. We presented both definition and some basic properties of the proposed model. Finally, we gave a general approach which is applied to a decision making problem in disease diagnoses, and demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach by a numerical example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20fuzzy%20set" title="single valued neutrosophic fuzzy set">single valued neutrosophic fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20fuzzy%20hesitant%20set" title=" single valued neutrosophic fuzzy hesitant set"> single valued neutrosophic fuzzy hesitant set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20set" title=" rough set"> rough set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20valued%20neutrosophic%20hesitant%20fuzzy%20rough%20set" title=" single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set"> single valued neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy rough set</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104161/single-valued-neutrosophic-hesitant-fuzzy-rough-set-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Determination of Benzatropine in Hair by GC/MS after Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulsallam%20A.%20Bakdash">Abdulsallam A. Bakdash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiyshah%20M.%20Alshehri"> Aiyshah M. Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hind%20M.%20Alenzi"> Hind M. Alenzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benzatropine (benztropine) is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or involuntary movements due to the side effects of certain psychiatric drugs. We report in this study, results of a procedure for the determination of benzatropine in hair using LLE, once with methanol and second with phosphate buffer (pH 6.0), followed by filtration and then re-extraction with dichloromethane. A GC/MS method was developed and validated for this determination using selected ion monitoring (SIM) detection without derivatization. Linearity established over the concentration range 0.1-20.0 ng/mg hair, and the correlation coefficients were greater than 0.99. Recoveries were 52.2% and 21.1% using methanol and phosphate buffer extraction, respectively. Detection limits of benzatropine in hair were between 0.65 and 3.0 ng/mg hair, while the accuracy were 10.4% and 18.5% (RSD), respectively. We also applied this method to the analysis of soaked hair samples and demonstrated that the LLE using methanol meets the requirement for the analysis of benzatropine in hair. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hair%20analysis" title="hair analysis">hair analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzatropine" title=" benzatropine"> benzatropine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-liquid%20extraction" title=" liquid-liquid extraction"> liquid-liquid extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC%2FMS" title=" GC/MS"> GC/MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20152/determination-of-benzatropine-in-hair-by-gcms-after-liquid-liquid-extraction-lle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> The Liability of Renewal: The Impact of Changes in Organizational Capability, Performance, Legitimacy and Pressure for Change </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alshehri%20Sultan">Alshehri Sultan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organizational change has remained an important subject for many researchers in the field of organizations theory. We propose the importance of organizational liability of renewal through a model that examines how an organization can overcome potential rigidities in organizational capabilities from learning by changing capabilities. We examine whether an established organization can overcome liability of renewal by changes in organizational capabilities and how the organizational renewal process reflect on the balance between the dynamic aspect of organizational learning as demonstrated by changes in capabilities and the stabilizing aspects of organizational inertia. We found both positive relationship between organizational learning and performance, and between legitimacy and performance. Performance and legitimacy have, however, a negative relationship on the pressure for change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20capabilities" title="organizational capabilities">organizational capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20liability" title=" organizational liability"> organizational liability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liability%20of%20renewal" title=" liability of renewal"> liability of renewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20for%20change" title=" pressure for change"> pressure for change</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20295/the-liability-of-renewal-the-impact-of-changes-in-organizational-capability-performance-legitimacy-and-pressure-for-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Investigating Mathematics Teachers' Knowledge of the Effective Teaching Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafer%20F.%20Alshehri">Zafer F. Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigated mathematics teachers' knowledge of the effective teaching strategies at the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia. Specifically, it aimed to identify a list of the effective strategies of teaching mathematics; the extent of mathematics teachers' knowledge of these strategies; and the differences (if any) of mathematics teachers' knowledge of these strategies regarding scientific degree, teaching experience, and educational sage. To achieve that, the researcher used the descriptive approach for preparing a list of effective mathematics teaching strategies and developing a questionnaire of a sample of (240) mathematics teachers. As a result, there were differences in teachers' knowledge of the effective teaching strategies, which ranked as a low, and the highest knowledge was in favor of higher degrees. In addition, there were a few recommendations and suggestions for developing mathematics teachers' knowledge of effective teaching strategies, such as involving in workshops of mathematics teaching strategies, integrating technology into mathematics teaching, and using research findings in the instruction process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teaching%20knowledge" title="mathematics teaching knowledge">mathematics teaching knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teachers" title=" mathematics teachers"> mathematics teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20mathematics%20teaching%20strategies" title=" effective mathematics teaching strategies"> effective mathematics teaching strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22233/investigating-mathematics-teachers-knowledge-of-the-effective-teaching-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Three-Dimensional Off-Line Path Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Dalawr%20Jalal">Lana Dalawr Jalal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the problem of ofﬂine path planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in complex three-dimensional environment with obstacles, which is modelled by 3D Cartesian grid system. Path planning for UAVs require the computational intelligence methods to move aerial vehicles along the flight path effectively to target while avoiding obstacles. In this paper Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm is applied to generate the optimal collision free 3D flight path for UAV. The simulations results clearly demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in guiding UAV to the final destination by providing optimal feasible path quickly and effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstacle%20avoidance" title="obstacle avoidance">obstacle avoidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=three-dimensional%20path%20planning%20unmanned%20aerial%20vehicles" title=" three-dimensional path planning unmanned aerial vehicles"> three-dimensional path planning unmanned aerial vehicles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26160/three-dimensional-off-line-path-planning-for-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-using-modified-particle-swarm-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Impact of a Weak Constitutional Review of Executive Actions in Implementing Women Rights in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysha%20Alshehri">Aysha Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides a literature review of the sources of women’s rights under the Saudi legal framework, taking account of the constitutional primacy of Sharia under the Saudi legal system as well as the state’s obligations under international law. Building on one of the central aims of the paper, it conducts an exploration of how Saudi Arabia already has or might be further able to more clearly delineate its position and reservations in the adoptions of international human rights agreements while preserving its core religious beliefs and societal practices in regard to women’s rights at the domestic level. In this regard, the paper will consider the apparent tension between certain jurisprudential and customary aspects on gender equality and contemporary discourses of women’s rights from within and outside the Muslim world. Particular attention will be devoted to the question of the causes behind the lack of direct application of women’s rights mentioned by international reports and any challenges this may bring in the contexts of Saudi Arabia’s evolving gender equality policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20Constitution" title="Islamic Constitution">Islamic Constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20actions" title=" executive actions"> executive actions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20equality" title=" gender equality"> gender equality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20review" title=" judicial review"> judicial review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137142/the-impact-of-a-weak-constitutional-review-of-executive-actions-in-implementing-women-rights-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> An Anthropological Perspective: Interaction with Extended Kinship in Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Alshehri">Alaa Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been thought that kinship in modernization is moving in a linear Western model; however, the literature shows that different cultures adjust to modernization by preserving its norms and values. Saudi Arabia is a young country experiencing rapid expansion from oil discovery until economic diversification. By conducting 10 interviews from different provinces of the country from the age of 27-47, these anthropological studies suggest that Saudi people adapted to modernization and globalization through unique interactions with extended families by asking the participants to give detailed descriptions of their interactions with their kinship. With almost all the participants noticing the changes within the last few years, this interaction is rooted in their religious beliefs, which they stressed, even with the free choice of life opportunities. They tried to find a balance between individuality and collectivity and connect the gap between the older and younger generations. This study adds to the anthropological debate on kinship definition and ties in modernization and provides a perspective on the social reality of one of the major Middle Eastern countries, Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collectivity" title="collectivity">collectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20diversification" title=" economic diversification"> economic diversification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinship" title=" kinship"> kinship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernization%20theory" title=" modernization theory"> modernization theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individuality" title=" individuality"> individuality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169471/an-anthropological-perspective-interaction-with-extended-kinship-in-saudi-arabia-in-the-21st-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Thiourea-Formaldehyde Coated Fe3O4 (TUF@Fe3O4) and Its Application for Adsorption of Methylene Blue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20M.%20Alshehri">Saad M. Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tansir%20Ahamad"> Tansir Ahamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thiourea-Formaldehyde Pre-Polymer (TUF) was prepared by the reaction thiourea and formaldehyde in basic medium and used as a coating materials for magnetite Fe3O4. The synthesized polymer coated microspheres (TUF@Fe3O4) was characterized using FTIR, TGA SEM and TEM. Its BET surface area was up to 1680 m2 g_1. The adsorption capacity of this ACF product was evaluated in its adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) in water under different pH values and different temperature. We found that the adsorption process was well described both by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetic processes of MB adsorption onto TUF@Fe3O4 were described in order to provide a more clear interpretation of the adsorption rate and uptake mechanism. The overall kinetic data was acceptably explained by a pseudo second-order rate model. Evaluated ∆Go and ∆Ho specify the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the reaction. The adsorption takes place with a decrease in entropy (∆So is negative). The monolayer capacity for MB was up to 450 mg g_1 and was one of the highest among similar polymeric products. It was due to its large BET surface area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TGA" title="TGA">TGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR" title=" FTIR"> FTIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magentite" title=" magentite"> magentite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiourea%20formaldehyde%20resin" title=" thiourea formaldehyde resin"> thiourea formaldehyde resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylene%20blue" title=" methylene blue"> methylene blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6714/synthesis-and-characterization-of-thiourea-formaldehyde-coated-fe3o4-tuf-at-fe3o4-and-its-application-for-adsorption-of-methylene-blue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Students’ Perceptions of the Use of Social Media in Higher Education in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Alshehri">Omar Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vic%20Lally"> Vic Lally</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examined the attitudes of using social media tools to support learning at a university in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, it investigated the students’ current usage of these tools and examined the barriers they could face during the use of social media tools in the education process. Participants in this study were 42 university students. A web-based survey was used to collect data for this study. The results indicate that all of the students were familiar with social media and had used at least one type of social media for learning. It was found out that all students had very positive attitudes towards the use of social media and welcomed using these tools as a supplementary to the curriculum. However, the results indicated that the major barriers to using these tools in learning were distraction, opposing Islamic religious teachings, privacy issues, and cyberbullying. The study recommended that this study could be replicated at other Saudi universities to investigate factors and barriers that might affect Saudi students’ attitudes toward using social media to support learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers%20to%20social%20media%20use" title="barriers to social media use">barriers to social media use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefits%20of%20social%20media%20use" title=" benefits of social media use"> benefits of social media use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103367/students-perceptions-of-the-use-of-social-media-in-higher-education-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Conflict Causes within Construction Projects; Conflict Interaction across Project Phases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mohammed%20Alshehri">Abdullah Mohammed Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The projects in the construction industry have significantly increased, given its contribution to the overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the countries. Reflecting upon the complex nature and involvement of various agents, the study aims to analyze the conflicts cause within construction projects. Therefore, the study strived to come out with understanding the levels of conflict interaction across project phases. However, this conducted by investigating the association between antecedents and apparent conflicts inherent in. The study used a qualitative approach for collecting the data through a quantitative, semi-structured method. Formation of a questionnaire survey has been conducted for over 30 respondents. However, the survey came out with the identification of 25 conflict cause categories, which can take place in different construction project phases, including pre-design phase, pre-construction phase, construction phase, commissioning, and completion phase. For example, conflicts associated with inconsistencies or discrepancies within or between project documents, which took place at tendering time in the pre-construction phase were relatable with the selection of material specifications that should be supplied or used in the construction projects at the construction phase. Its analysis can provide comprehensive understanding, trace the root of the problem, which offers a roadmap to deepen the understanding of the conflict conditions and ‘course of action’ necessary for project management strategy actions toward avoiding or minimizing conflict causes at project life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title="construction">construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20causes" title=" conflict causes"> conflict causes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levels" title=" levels"> levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phases" title=" phases"> phases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115171/conflict-causes-within-construction-projects-conflict-interaction-across-project-phases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Morphosyntactic Abilities in Speakers with Broca’s Aphasia: A Preliminary Examination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mile%20Vukovi%C4%87">Mile Vuković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Jerki%C4%87%20Raji%C4%87"> Lana Jerkić Rajić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Broca's aphasia is a non-fluent type of aphasic syndrome, which is primarily manifested by impairment of language production. In connected speech, patients with this type of aphasia produce short sentences in which they often omit function words and morphemes or choose inadequate forms. Aim: This research was conducted to examine the morphosyntactic abilities of people with Broca's aphasia, comparing them with neurologically healthy subjects without a language disorder. Method: The sample included 15 patients with Broca's post-stroke aphasia, who had the relatively intact ability of auditory comprehension. The diagnosis of aphasia was based on the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The control group comprised 16 neurologically healthy subjects without data on the presence of disorders in speech and language development. The patients' mother tongue was Serbian. The new Serbian Morphosyntactic Abilities Test (SMAT) was used. Descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, SD, min, max) and inferential (Mann-Whitney U-test) statistics were used in data processing. Results: We noticed statistically significant differences between people with Broca's aphasia and neurotypical subjects on the SMAT (U = 1.500, z = -4.982, p = 0.000). The results showed that people with Broca's aphasia had achieved low scores on the SMAT, regardless of age (ρ = -0.045, p = 0.873) and time post onset (ρ = 0.330, p = 0.229). Conclusion: Preliminary results show that the SMAT has the potential to detect morphosyntactic deficits in Serbian speakers with Broca's aphasia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Broca%E2%80%99s%20aphasia" title="Broca’s aphasia">Broca’s aphasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphosyntactic%20abilities" title=" morphosyntactic abilities"> morphosyntactic abilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agrammatism" title=" agrammatism"> agrammatism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serbian%20language" title=" Serbian language"> Serbian language</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178086/morphosyntactic-abilities-in-speakers-with-brocas-aphasia-a-preliminary-examination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Optimizing the Performance of Thermoelectric for Cooling Computer Chips Using Different Types of Electrical Pulses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alshehri">Saleh Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermoelectric technology is currently being used in many industrial applications for cooling, heating and generating electricity. This research mainly focuses on using thermoelectric to cool down high-speed computer chips at different operating conditions. A previously developed and validated three-dimensional model for optimizing and assessing the performance of cascaded thermoelectric and non-cascaded thermoelectric is used in this study to investigate the possibility of decreasing the hotspot temperature of computer chip. Additionally, a test assembly is built and tested at steady-state and transient conditions. The obtained optimum thermoelectric current at steady-state condition is used to conduct a number of pulsed tests (i.e. transient tests) with different shapes to cool the computer chips hotspots. The results of the steady-state tests showed that at hotspot heat rate of 15.58 W (5.97 W/cm<sup>2</sup>), using thermoelectric current of 4.5 A has resulted in decreasing the hotspot temperature at open circuit condition (89.3 °C) by 50.1 °C. Maximum and minimum hotspot temperatures have been affected by ON and OFF duration of the electrical current pulse. Maximum hotspot temperature was resulted by longer OFF pulse period. In addition, longer ON pulse period has generated the minimum hotspot temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelectric%20generator" title="thermoelectric generator">thermoelectric generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEG" title=" TEG"> TEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelectric%20cooler" title=" thermoelectric cooler"> thermoelectric cooler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEC" title=" TEC"> TEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chip%20hotspots" title=" chip hotspots"> chip hotspots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20cooling" title=" electronic cooling"> electronic cooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116381/optimizing-the-performance-of-thermoelectric-for-cooling-computer-chips-using-different-types-of-electrical-pulses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Cognitive and Metacognitive Space in the Task Design at Postgraduate Taught Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei%20Lin">Mei Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Yj%20Liu"> Lana Yj Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thin%20Ngoc%20Pham"> Thin Ngoc Pham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Postgraduate taught (PGT) students’ learning strategies align with what the learning task constitutes and the environment that the task creates. Cognitively, they can discover new perspectives, challenge general assumptions, establish clear connections, and synthesise information. Metacognitively, their engagement is conducive to the development of planning, monitoring, and evaluating strategies. Given that there has been a lack of longitudinal insights into international PGT students’ experiences of the cognitive and metacognitive space created in the tasks, this paper presentation aims to fill the gaps by longitudinally exploring (1) the fundamentals of task designs to create cognitive and metacognitive space and (2) the opportunities and challenges of multicultural group discussions as a pedagogical approach for the implementation of cognitive and metacognitive space in the learning tasks. Data were collected from the two rounds of semi-structured interviews with 11 international PGT students in two programmes at a UK university -at the end of semester one and at the end of semester two. The findings show that the task designs, to create cognitive and metacognitive space, need to include four interconnected factors: clarity, relevance, motivation, and practicality. In addition, international PGT students perceived that they practised and developed their cognitive and metacognitive abilities while getting immersed in multicultural group discussions. The findings, from the learners’ point of view, make some pedagogy-related suggestions to the task designs at the master’s level, particularly how to engage students in learning during their transition into higher education in a different cultural setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20space" title="cognitive space">cognitive space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=master%20students" title=" master students"> master students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metacognitive%20space" title=" metacognitive space"> metacognitive space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20design" title=" task design"> task design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177834/cognitive-and-metacognitive-space-in-the-task-design-at-postgraduate-taught-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Evaluation of Reproductive Toxicity of Diazinon Pesticide in Male Wistar Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Alfaifi">Mohammad Alfaifi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alshehri"> Mohammed Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organophosphates are among the most widely used synthetic insect pesticides. The widespread use of organophosphates has stimulated research into the possible existence of effects related with their reproductive toxic activity. The present study aimed to assess the effects of diazinon (DIZ) on male reproductive system. DIZ at the dose levels of 1.5, 3.0 and 9.0 mg/kg b. wt./day was administered orally to male rats of Wistar strain for 30 days to evaluate the toxic alterations in testicular histology, biochemistry, sperm dynamics and testosterone levels. The body weight of animals did not show any significant changes; however, a significant reduction was observed in testes weight. DIZ also brought about a marked reduction in epididymal and testicular sperm counts in exposed males and a decrease in serum testosterone concentration. Histopathological examination of testes showed mild to severe degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules at various dose levels. Fertility test showed 79% negative results. All these toxic effects are moderate at low doses and become severe at higher dose levels. From the results of the present study, it is concluded that DIZ induces severe testicular damage and results in a reduction in sperm count and thus affect fertility. Small changes in sperm counts are known to have adverse effects on human fertility. Therefore, application of such insecticide should be limited to a designed programme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organophosphates" title="organophosphates">organophosphates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive%20toxicity" title=" reproductive toxicity"> reproductive toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diazinon" title=" diazinon"> diazinon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility" title=" fertility"> fertility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26063/evaluation-of-reproductive-toxicity-of-diazinon-pesticide-in-male-wistar-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Climate Risk Perception and Trust – Presence of a Social Trap for Willingness to Act in Favour of Climate Mitigation and Support for Renewables: A Cross-sectional Study of Four European Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Singleton">Lana Singleton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Achieving a sufficient global solution to climate change seems elusive through disappointing climate agreements and lack of cooperation. However, is this reluctance of coordination deep rooted on a more individual, societal level within countries due to a fundamental lack of social and institutional trust? The risks of climate change are illustrious and widely accepted, yet responses on an individual level are also largely inadequate. This research looks to further investigate types of trust, risk perception of climate change, and their interaction to build a greater understanding of whether a social trap (Rothstein, 2005) – where an absence of trust can overwhelm an individuals’ risk perception and result in minimal action despite knowing the dangers of no action – exists and where it is more prevalent. Presence of the social trap will be analysed for willingness to act in favour of climate change mitigation as well as attitude (acceptance) of different types of renewable energy forms. Using probit models with cross-sectional survey data on four developed European countries (UK, France, Germany, and Norway), we find evidence of the social trap in the aggregated data model, which highlights the importance of social trust regarding willingness to act in favour of climate mitigation as there is a high probability of action regardless of risk perception of climate change when social trust is high. In contrast, the same is not true for renewables, as interactions were mainly insignificant, although there were interesting findings involving institutional trust, gender, and country specific results for particular renewables. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20risk" title="climate risk">climate risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewables" title=" renewables"> renewables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title=" risk perception"> risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20trap" title=" social trap"> social trap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20act" title=" willingness to act"> willingness to act</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164622/climate-risk-perception-and-trust-presence-of-a-social-trap-for-willingness-to-act-in-favour-of-climate-mitigation-and-support-for-renewables-a-cross-sectional-study-of-four-european-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> English as a Foreign Language Teachers' Perspectives on the Workable Approaches and Challenges that Encountered them when Teaching Reading Using E-Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Alshehri">Sarah Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Messedah%20Alqahtani"> Messedah Alqahtani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reading instruction in EFL classes is still challenging for teachers, and many students are still behind their expected level. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a shift in teaching English from face-to face to online classes. This paper will discover how the digital shift during and post pandemic has influenced English literacy instruction and what methods seem to be effective or challenging. Specifically, this paper will examine English language teachers' perspectives on the workable approaches and challenges that encountered them when teaching reading using E-Learning platform in Saudi Arabian Secondary and intermediate schools. The study explores public secondary school EFL teachers’ instructional practices and the challenges encountered when teaching reading online. Quantitative data will be collected through a 28 -item Likert type survey that will be administered to Saudi English teachers who work in public secondary and intermediate schools. The quantitative data will be analyzed using SPSS by conducting frequency distributions, descriptive statistics, reliability tests, and one-way ANOVA tests. The potential outcomes of this study will contribute to better understanding of digital literacy and technology integration in language teaching. Findings of this study can provide directions for professionals and policy makers to improve the quality of English teaching and learning. Limitations and results will be discussed, and suggestions for future directions will be offered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20reading" title="EFL reading">EFL reading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E-learning-%20EFL%20literacy" title=" E-learning- EFL literacy"> E-learning- EFL literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20workable%20approaches" title=" EFL workable approaches"> EFL workable approaches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20reading%20instruction" title=" EFL reading instruction"> EFL reading instruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163962/english-as-a-foreign-language-teachers-perspectives-on-the-workable-approaches-and-challenges-that-encountered-them-when-teaching-reading-using-e-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Fractal Analysis of Some Bifurcations of Discrete Dynamical Systems in Higher Dimensions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Horvat%20Dmitrovi%C4%87">Lana Horvat Dmitrović</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this paper is to study the box dimension as fractal property of bifurcations of discrete dynamical systems in higher dimensions. The paper contains the fractal analysis of the orbits near the hyperbolic and non-hyperbolic fixed points in discrete dynamical systems. It is already known that in one-dimensional case the orbit near the hyperbolic fixed point has the box dimension equal to zero. On the other hand, the orbit near the non-hyperbolic fixed point has strictly positive box dimension which is connected to the non-degeneracy condition of certain bifurcation. One of the main results in this paper is the generalisation of results about box dimension near the hyperbolic and non-hyperbolic fixed points to higher dimensions. In the process of determining box dimension, the restriction of systems to stable, unstable and center manifolds, Lipschitz property of box dimension and the notion of projective box dimension are used. The analysis of the bifurcations in higher dimensions with one multiplier on the unit circle is done by using the normal forms on one-dimensional center manifolds. This specific change in box dimension of an orbit at the moment of bifurcation has already been explored for some bifurcations in one and two dimensions. It was shown that specific values of box dimension are connected to appropriate bifurcations such as fold, flip, cusp or Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. This paper further explores this connection of box dimension as fractal property to some specific bifurcations in higher dimensions, such as fold-flip and flip-Neimark-Sacker. Furthermore, the application of the results to the unit time map of continuous dynamical system near hyperbolic and non-hyperbolic singularities is presented. In that way, box dimensions which are specific for certain bifurcations of continuous systems can be obtained. The approach to bifurcation analysis by using the box dimension as specific fractal property of orbits can lead to better understanding of bifurcation phenomenon. It could also be useful in detecting the existence or nonexistence of bifurcations of discrete and continuous dynamical systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifurcation" title="bifurcation">bifurcation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=box%20dimension" title=" box dimension"> box dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invariant%20manifold" title=" invariant manifold"> invariant manifold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbit%20near%20fixed%20point" title=" orbit near fixed point"> orbit near fixed point</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52891/fractal-analysis-of-some-bifurcations-of-discrete-dynamical-systems-in-higher-dimensions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Salvia officinals Extracts on Rat Bone Marrow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Alshehri">Mohammed A. Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Salvia officinalis is an aromatic plant member of the mint (Labiatae) family. It is popular kitchen herb. Not surprise to find that the name of this herb related to cure, in Latin language Salvia means to cure where officinalis means medicinal which answer why the sage has a top place in the list of medicinal plants. The aim of the present study was to assess the genetic damage and cytological changes caused by exposure of the test organism (Rattusrattus) to Salvia officinals. For this purpose, adult female rats, weighing 200–250 g, were used as donors. A total of 36 adult Wister male rats were randomly assigned to five groups: the experimental groups (rats were intraperitonealy injected with Salvia officinalis pure extract at (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.1mg/kg body weight, the same dose was administered once a day. Control group (rats were injected intraperitonealy physiological saline. And positive control were injected with Cyclophosphamide. On the 21st days following Salvia officinalis pure extract exposure, rats were sacrificed, and samples of bone marrow were collected. Following that, we performed a micronuclei (MN) test using MNNCE (Micro-nucleated normocromatic erythrocytes) and MNPCE (Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes), NDI (Nuclear division index), and cytological parameters using NDCI (nuclear division cytotoxicity index), necrotic, and apoptotic cells in rat's bone marrow samples. Results showed that there was a no significant increase in the frequency of micro-nucleatedas well as in cytological parameters in bone marrow cells. In light of these results, if Salvia officinalis pure extract may considered to be safe from the stand point of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salvia%20officinalis" title="Salvia officinalis">Salvia officinalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micronucleus" title=" micronucleus"> micronucleus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDI" title=" NDI"> NDI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDCI" title=" NDCI"> NDCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosomal%20aberrations" title=" chromosomal aberrations"> chromosomal aberrations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2893/genotoxic-and-cytotoxic-effects-of-salvia-officinals-extracts-on-rat-bone-marrow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Botulinum Toxin type A for Lower Limb Lengthening and Deformity Correction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawaher%20F.%20Alsharef">Jawaher F. Alsharef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20A.%20Ghaddaf"> Abdullah A. Ghaddaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20S.%20Alomari"> Mohammed S. Alomari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20A.%20Al%20Qurashi"> Abdullah A. Al Qurashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20S.%20Abdulhamid"> Ahmed S. Abdulhamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20S.%20Alshehri"> Mohammed S. Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majed%20Alosaimi"> Majed Alosaimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is the most popular therapeutic agent for muscle relaxation and pain control. Lately, BTX-A injection received great interest as a part of multimodal pain management for lower limb lengthening and deformity correction. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of BTX-A injection in pain management for during lower limb lengthening and/or deformity correction. We searched Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the BTX-A injection to placebo for individuals undergoing lower limb lengthening and/or deformity correction. We sought to evaluate the following outcomes: pain on visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion parameters, average opioid consumption, and adverse events. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to represent continuous outcomes while risk ratio (RR) was used to represent dichotomous outcomes. A total of 4 RCTs that enrolled 257 participants (337 limbs) deemed eligible. Adjuvant BTX-A injection showed a significant reduction in post-operative pain compared to placebo (SMD=–0.28, 95% CI –0.53 to –0.04). No difference was found between BTX-A injection and placebo in terms of range of motion parameters, average opioid consumption, or adverse events after surgical limb lengthening and/or deformity correction (RR= 0.77, 95% CI –0.58 to 1.03). Conclusions: Adjuvant BTX-A injection conferred a discernible reduction in post-operative pain during surgical limb lengthening and/or deformity without increasing the risk of adverse events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botulinum%20toxin%20type%20A" title="botulinum toxin type A">botulinum toxin type A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limb%20lengthening" title=" limb lengthening"> limb lengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distraction%20osteogenesis" title=" distraction osteogenesis"> distraction osteogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformity%20correction" title=" deformity correction"> deformity correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20management" title=" pain management"> pain management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151436/botulinum-toxin-type-a-for-lower-limb-lengthening-and-deformity-correction-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Kidney Stones in Individuals Living with Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City - Tertiary Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suhaib%20Radi">Suhaib Radi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Basem%20Nafadi"> Ibrahim Basem Nafadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Ahmed%20Alsulami"> Abdullah Ahmed Alsulami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawaf%20Faisal%20Halabi"> Nawaf Faisal Halabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrhman%20Abdullah%20Alsubhi"> Abdulrhman Abdullah Alsubhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Wesam%20Maghrabi"> Sami Wesam Maghrabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Saad%20Alshehri"> Waleed Saad Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Kidney stones greatly affect individuals. The range of these effects regarding multiple kidney stone factors (size, presence of obstruction, and modality of treatment) in stone formers with and without diabetes has not been well explored in the literature to the best of the author's knowledge. Our goal is to investigate this unexplored correlation between diabetes and kidney stones by conducting a Cohort retrospective study to precisely evaluate the effects of this condition and the existence of complications in adult individuals with diabetes in Saudi Arabia in comparison to a non-diabetic control group. Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study aiming to evaluate the range of effects of kidney stones in stone formers in a group of adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and adults without diabetes between 2017 and 2019 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An IRB approval has been granted for this study. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The data was collected from the 1st of December 2022 until the 1st of March 2023. Results: A total of 254 individuals diagnosed with kidney stones were included, 127 of whom were adult individuals with type 2 diabetes, and 127 were non-diabetics. Our study shows that the individuals affected with diabetes were more likely to have larger kidney stones in comparison to individuals without diabetes (13.12 mm vs. 10.53 mm, p-value = 0.03). Moreover, individuals with hypertension and dyslipidemia also had significantly larger stones. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the presence of obstruction and modality of treatment between the two groups. Conclusion: This study done in Saudi Arabia found that individuals with kidney stones who concurrently had diabetes formed larger kidney stones, and they were also found to have other comorbidities such as HTN, dyslipidemia, obesity, and renal disease. The significance of these findings could assist in the future of primary and secondary prevention of renal stones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20stone" title="kidney stone">kidney stone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20DM" title=" type 2 DM"> type 2 DM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithotripsy" title=" lithotripsy"> lithotripsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172898/kidney-stones-in-individuals-living-with-diabetes-mellitus-at-king-abdul-aziz-medical-city-tertiary-care-center-jeddah-saudi-arabia-a-retrospective-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Performance Improvement of Solar Thermal Cooling Systems Integrated with Encapsulated PCM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Migla">Lana Migla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phase change materials (PCMs) have an important role in improving the efficiency of thermal heat storage. As these materials are characterized by low thermal conductivity, it is necessary to develop heat transfer techniques to improve their thermophysical properties. This scientific article focuses on the geometrical configurations of encapsulated PCM containers and the impact of designs to improve the performance of the solar thermal cooling system. The literature review showed that in-depth research is being conducted on different methods of improving the efficiency of PCM heat transfer, which is the main design task for the containers. Techniques such as microencapsulated PCMs, adding fins and different combinations of fins and nanoparticles are used. The use of graphite, metal foam and doping of high photothermal materials is also being studied. To determine most efficient container configuration, the article looks at different designs of PCM containers with fins for the storage tank. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of the encapsulation design on the performance of a lab-scale thermal energy storage tank. The development of optimized energy storage with integrated phase change material containers reduces auxiliary heater energy consumption, increases the COP of the solar cooling system, and reduces the environmental impact of the cooling system. The review shows that in the cylindrical construction, the ratio between the radius of shell and tube is significant, which means this ratio is the main issue to enhance transfer efficiency and to increase the value of stored heat. Therefore, three cylindrical tube containers with different radiuses 20mm, 35mm, 50mm filled with commercial phase change material were tested. The results show that using a smaller radius achieved a higher power, leading to a reduction in the charging and discharging time. The three fins were added to the selected cylindrical tube to determine their effects on heat exchanging efficiency. The observed optimized performance given by the fin’s arrangement achieved a 40% reduction of PCM's melting time compared to the heat exchanging without fins. The exact dimensions of the PCM containers and fins placements will be presented on-site. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20performance" title="energy performance">energy performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCM%20containers" title=" PCM containers"> PCM containers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20thermal%20cooling" title=" solar thermal cooling"> solar thermal cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage%20tank" title=" storage tank"> storage tank</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146483/performance-improvement-of-solar-thermal-cooling-systems-integrated-with-encapsulated-pcm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Scaling out Sustainable Land Use Systems in Colombia: Some Insights and Implications from Two Regional Case Studies </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martha%20Lilia%20Del%20Rio%20Duque">Martha Lilia Del Rio Duque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Bonatti"> Michelle Bonatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katharina%20Loehr"> Katharina Loehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcos%20Lana"> Marcos Lana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatiana%20Rodriguez"> Tatiana Rodriguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Sieber"> Stefan Sieber</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, most agricultural practices can reduce the ability of ecosystems to provide goods and services. To enhance environmentally friendly food production and to maximize social and economic benefits, sustainable land use systems (SLUS) are one of the most critical strategies increasingly/strongly promoted by donors organizations, international agencies, and policymakers. This process involves the question of how SLUS can be scaled out also large-scale landscapes and not merely isolated experiments. As SLUS are context-specific strategies, diffusion and replication of successful SLUS in Colombia required the identification of main factors that facilitate this scaling out process. We applied a case study approach to investigate the scaling out process of SLUS in cocoa and livestock sector within peacebuilding territories in Colombia, specifically, in Cesar and Caqueta region. These two regions are contrasting, but both have a current trend of increasing land degradation. Presently in Colombia, Caqueta is one of the most deforested departments, and Cesar has some most degraded soils. Following a qualitative research approach, 19 semi-structured interviews and 2 focus groups were conducted with agroforestry experts in both regions to analyze (1) what does it mean a sustainable land use system in Cocoa/Livestock, specifically in Caqueta or Cesar and (2) to identify the key elements at the level of the following dimensions: biophysical, economic and profitability, market, social, policy and institutions that can explain how and why SLUS are replicated and spread among more producers. The Interviews were coded and analyzed using MAXQDA to identify, analyze and report patterns (themes) within data. As the results show, key themes, among which: premium market, solid regional markets and price stability, water availability and management, generational renewal, land use knowledge and diversification, producer organization and certifications are crucial to understand how the SLUS can have an impact across large-scale landscapes and how the scaling out process can be set up best in order to be successful across different contexts. The analysis further reveals which key factors might affect SLUS efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agroforestry" title="agroforestry">agroforestry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cocoa%20sector" title=" cocoa sector"> cocoa sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livestock%20sector" title=" livestock sector"> livestock sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20land%20use%20system" title=" sustainable land use system"> sustainable land use system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129873/scaling-out-sustainable-land-use-systems-in-colombia-some-insights-and-implications-from-two-regional-case-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> 3D-Printing of Waveguide Terminations: Effect of Material Shape and Structuring on Their Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Damaj">Lana Damaj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincent%20Laur"> Vincent Laur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azar%20Maalouf"> Azar Maalouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20Chevalier"> Alexis Chevalier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Matched termination is an important part of the passive waveguide components. It is typically used at the end of a waveguide transmission line to prevent reflections and improve signal quality. Waveguide terminations (loads) are commonly used in microwave and RF applications. In traditional microwave architectures, usually, waveguide termination consists of a standard rectangular waveguide made by a lossy resistive material, and ended by shorting metallic plate. These types of terminations are used, to dissipate the energy as heat. However, these terminations may increase the size and the weight of the overall system. New alternative solution consists in developing terminations based on 3D-printing of materials. Designing such terminations is very challenging since it should meet the requirements imposed by the system. These requirements include many parameters such as the absorption, the power handling capability in addition to the cost, the size and the weight that have to be minimized. 3D-printing is a shaping process that enables the production of complex geometries. It allows to find best compromise between requirements. In this paper, a comparison study has been made between different existing and new shapes of waveguide terminations. Indeed, 3D printing of absorbers makes it possible to study not only standard shapes (wedge, pyramid, tongue) but also more complex topologies such as exponential ones. These shapes have been designed and simulated using CST MWS®. The loads have been printed using the carbon-filled PolyLactic Acid, conductive PLA from ProtoPasta. Since the terminations has been characterized in the X-band (from 8GHz to 12GHz), the rectangular waveguide standard WR-90 has been selected. The classical wedge shape has been used as a reference. First, all loads have been simulated with the same length and two parameters have been compared: the absorption level (level of |S11|) and the dissipated power density. This study shows that the concave exponential pyramidal shape has the better absorption level and the convex exponential pyramidal shape has the better dissipated power density level. These two loads have been printed in order to measure their properties. A good agreement between the simulated and measured reflection coefficient has been obtained. Furthermore, a study of material structuring based on the honeycomb hexagonal structure has been investigated in order to vary the effective properties. In the final paper, the detailed methodology and the simulated and measured results will be presented in order to show how 3D-printing can allow controlling mass, weight, absorption level and power behaviour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20composite%20materials" title=" electromagnetic composite materials"> electromagnetic composite materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20measurements" title=" microwave measurements"> microwave measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20components" title=" passive components"> passive components</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20handling%20capacity%20%28PHC%29" title=" power handling capacity (PHC)"> power handling capacity (PHC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-printing" title=" 3D-printing"> 3D-printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191309/3d-printing-of-waveguide-terminations-effect-of-material-shape-and-structuring-on-their-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Attention and Memory in the Music Learning Process in Individuals with Visual Impairments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Burmistrova">Lana Burmistrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The influence of visual impairments on several cognitive processes used in the music learning process is an increasingly important area in special education and cognitive musicology. Many children have several visual impairments due to the refractive errors and irreversible inhibitors. However, based on the compensatory neuroplasticity and functional reorganization, congenitally blind (CB) and early blind (EB) individuals use several areas of the occipital lobe to perceive and process auditory and tactile information. CB individuals have greater memory capacity, memory reliability, and less false memory mechanisms are used while executing several tasks, they have better working memory (WM) and short-term memory (STM). Blind individuals use several strategies while executing tactile and working memory n-back tasks: verbalization strategy (mental recall), tactile strategy (tactile recall) and combined strategies. Methods and design: The aim of the pilot study was to substantiate similar tendencies while executing attention, memory and combined auditory tasks in blind and sighted individuals constructed for this study, and to investigate attention, memory and combined mechanisms used in the music learning process. For this study eight (n=8) blind and eight (n=8) sighted individuals aged 13-20 were chosen. All respondents had more than five years music performance and music learning experience. In the attention task, all respondents had to identify pitch changes in tonal and randomized melodic pairs. The memory task was based on the mismatch negativity (MMN) proportion theory: 80 percent standard (not changed) and 20 percent deviant (changed) stimuli (sequences). Every sequence was named (na-na, ra-ra, za-za) and several items (pencil, spoon, tealight) were assigned for each sequence. Respondents had to recall the sequences, to associate them with the item and to detect possible changes. While executing the combined task, all respondents had to focus attention on the pitch changes and had to detect and describe these during the recall. Results and conclusion: The results support specific features in CB and EB, and similarities between late blind (LB) and sighted individuals. While executing attention and memory tasks, it was possible to observe the tendency in CB and EB by using more precise execution tactics and usage of more advanced periodic memory, while focusing on auditory and tactile stimuli. While executing memory and combined tasks, CB and EB individuals used passive working memory to recall standard sequences, active working memory to recall deviant sequences and combined strategies. Based on the observation results, assessment of blind respondents and recording specifics, following attention and memory correlations were identified: reflective attention and STM, reflective attention and periodic memory, auditory attention and WM, tactile attention and WM, auditory tactile attention and STM. The results and the summary of findings highlight the attention and memory features used in the music learning process in the context of blindness, and the tendency of the several attention and memory types correlated based on the task, strategy and individual features. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title="attention">attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blindness" title=" blindness"> blindness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20learning" title=" music learning"> music learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95997/attention-and-memory-in-the-music-learning-process-in-individuals-with-visual-impairments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> The Use of Information and Communication Technology within and between Emergency Medical Teams during a Disaster: A Qualitative study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badryah%20Alshehri">Badryah Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Gormley"> Kevin Gormley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gillian%20Prue"> Gillian Prue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20McCutcheon"> Karen McCutcheon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a disaster event, sharing patient information between the pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and Emergency Department (ED) hospitals is a complex process during which important information may be altered or lost due to poor communication. The aim of this study was to critically discuss the current evidence base in relation to communication between pre- EMS hospital and ED hospital professionals by the use of Information and Communication Systems (ICT). This study followed the systematic approach; six electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library were comprehensively searched in January 2018 and a second search was completed in April 2020 to capture more recent publications. The study selection process was undertaken independently by the study authors. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were chosen that focused on factors that are positively or negatively associated with coordinated communication between pre-hospital EMS and ED teams in a disaster event. These studies were assessed for quality, and the data were analyzed according to the key screening themes which emerged from the literature search. Twenty-two studies were included. Eleven studies employed quantitative methods, seven studies used qualitative methods, and four studies used mixed methods. Four themes emerged on communication between EMTs (pre-hospital EMS and ED staff) in a disaster event using the ICT. (1) Disaster preparedness plans and coordination. This theme reported that disaster plans are in place in hospitals, and in some cases, there are interagency agreements with pre-hospital and relevant stakeholders. However, the findings showed that the disaster plans highlighted in these studies lacked information regarding coordinated communications within and between the pre-hospital and hospital. (2) Communication systems used in the disaster. This theme highlighted that although various communication systems are used between and within hospitals and pre-hospitals, technical issues have influenced communication between teams during disasters. (3) Integrated information management systems. This theme suggested the need for an integrated health information system that can help pre-hospital and hospital staff to record patient data and ensure the data is shared. (4) Disaster training and drills. While some studies analyzed disaster drills and training, the majority of these studies were focused on hospital departments other than EMTs. These studies suggest the need for simulation disaster training and drills, including EMTs. This review demonstrates that considerable gaps remain in the understanding of the communication between the EMS and ED hospital staff in relation to response in disasters. The review shows that although different types of ICTs are used, various issues remain which affect coordinated communication among the relevant professionals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20medical%20teams" title="emergency medical teams">emergency medical teams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title=" information and communication technologies"> information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster" title=" disaster"> disaster</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116461/the-use-of-information-and-communication-technology-within-and-between-emergency-medical-teams-during-a-disaster-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Alshehri&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Alshehri&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a 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