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<span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_II_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>World War II operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Operations_from_CBI_Theater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations_from_CBI_Theater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Operations from CBI Theater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operations_from_CBI_Theater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attacks_on_Japan_from_the_Marianas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attacks_on_Japan_from_the_Marianas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Attacks on Japan from the Marianas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attacks_on_Japan_from_the_Marianas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-509th_Composite_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#509th_Composite_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3.1</span> <span>509th Composite Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-509th_Composite_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Postwar era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Korean_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korean_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Korean War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korean_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lineage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lineage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lineage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lineage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lineage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lineage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Components" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Components"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Components</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Components-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>United States Air Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Stations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_commanders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_commanders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of commanders</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_commanders-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of commanders subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_commanders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1944_to_1955" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1944_to_1955"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1944 to 1955</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1944_to_1955-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1992 to present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Twentieth Air Force" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C20%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%B0" title="제20공군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제20공군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Kedua_Puluh" title="Angkatan Udara Kedua Puluh – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Udara Kedua Puluh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twentieth_Air_Force" title="Twentieth Air Force – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Twentieth Air Force" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="חיל האוויר העשרים של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיל האוויר העשרים של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentera_Udara_Kedua_Puluh" title="Tentera Udara Kedua Puluh – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tentera Udara Kedua Puluh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC20%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D_(%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E8%BB%8D)" title="第20空軍 (アメリカ軍) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第20空軍 (アメリカ軍)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/20_Armia_Lotnicza_(USA)" title="20 Armia Lotnicza (USA) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="20 Armia Lotnicza (USA)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vig%C3%A9sima_For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A9rea" title="Vigésima Força Aérea – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vigésima Força Aérea" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/20-%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90)" title="20-я воздушная армия (США) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="20-я воздушная армия (США)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/20-%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_(%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90)" title="20-та повітряна армія (США) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="20-та повітряна армія (США)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E9%9A%8A" title="美國第二十航空隊 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美國第二十航空隊" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2505636#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Twentieth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png/220px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png/330px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png/440px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem.png 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Shield of the Twentieth Air Force</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1 December 2009 – present (as Twentieth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic))<br />1 September 1991 – 1 December 2009<br />4 April 1944 – 1 March 1955 (as Twentieth Air Force)<br />(80 years, 7 months)<sup id="cite_ref-af.mil_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-af.mil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> (18 September 1947 – present)<br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/23px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/35px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png/46px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_War.png 2x" data-file-width="2383" data-file-height="2358" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/23px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/35px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/46px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a>, 4 April 1944 – 18 September 1947)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Numbered Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data">Provide combat-ready nuclear <a href="/wiki/ICBM" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBM">ICBM</a> forces for <a href="/wiki/U.S._Strategic_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Strategic Command">U.S. Strategic Command</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png/23px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png/35px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png/46px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="899" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">Air Force Global Strike Command</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg/23px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg/35px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg/46px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Strategic_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Strategic_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Strategic Command">U.S. Strategic Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_Air_Force_Base" title="Francis E. Warren Air Force Base">Francis E. Warren Air Force Base</a>, Wyoming, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_(Plain).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/200px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/300px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png/400px-World_War_II_-_American_Campaign_Streamer_%28Plain%29.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Theater_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Theater (World War II)">World War II – American Theater</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Streamer_APC.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Streamer_APC.PNG/200px-Streamer_APC.PNG" decoding="async" width="200" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Streamer_APC.PNG/300px-Streamer_APC.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Streamer_APC.PNG/400px-Streamer_APC.PNG 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatic-Pacific Theater">World War II – Asiatic-Pacific Theater</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png/200px-Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png/300px-Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png/400px-Korean_Service_Medal_-_Streamer.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a><sup id="cite_ref-af.mil_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-af.mil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Decorations</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg/200px-US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg/300px-US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg/400px-US_Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award_-_Stremer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="35" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Outstanding_Unit_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Outstanding Unit Award">Air Force Outstanding Unit Award</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Current<br />commander</th><td class="infobox-data">Maj Gen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stacy_Jo_Huser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stacy Jo Huser (page does not exist)">Stacy Jo Huser</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Twentieth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic)</b> (<b>20th AF</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Numbered_air_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbered air force">numbered air force</a> of the United States <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">Air Force Global Strike Command</a> (AFGSC). It is headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_Air_Force_Base" title="Francis E. Warren Air Force Base">Francis E. Warren Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>. </p><p>20 AF's primary mission is Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) operations. The Twentieth Air Force commander is also the Commander, <b>Task Force 214</b> (TF 214), which provides alert ICBMs to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">United States Strategic Command</a> (USSTRATCOM). </p><p>Established on 4 April 1944 at Washington D.C, 20 AF was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> combat air force deployed to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific Theater</a> of World War II. Operating initially from bases in India and staging through bases in China, 20 AF conducted <a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombardment" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic bombardment">strategic bombardment</a> of the Japanese Home Islands. It relocated to the <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a> in late 1944, and continued the strategic bombardment campaign against Japan until the Japanese capitulation in August 1945. The 20 AF <a href="/wiki/509th_Composite_Group" title="509th Composite Group">509th Composite Group</a> conducted the <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima and Nagasaki">atomic attacks</a> on <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> in August 1945, and remains as the only air force organization to have used a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear weapon</a> in <a href="/wiki/Combat" title="Combat">combat</a>. </p><p>Inactivated on 1 March 1955, the command was reactivated 1 September 1991, as a component of the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> (SAC) and became operationally responsible for all land-based Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Twentieth Air Force headquarters is unique in that it has dual responsibilities to Air Force Global Strike Command and United States Strategic Command. As the missile Numbered Air Force for AFGSC, 20th Air Force is responsible for maintaining and operating the Air Force's ICBM force. Designated as STRATCOM's Task Force 214, 20th Air Force provides on-alert, combat ready ICBMs to the president. Combined with the other two legs of the Triad, bombers and submarines, STRATCOM forces protect the United States with an umbrella of deterrence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Headquarters, <a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis E. Warren AFB">Francis E. Warren AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Missile_Wing" title="90th Missile Wing">90th Missile Wing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis E. Warren AFB">Francis E. Warren AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/319th_Missile_Squadron" title="319th Missile Squadron">319th Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Missile_Squadron" title="320th Missile Squadron">320th Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Missile_Squadron" title="321st Missile Squadron">321st Missile Squadron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Missile_Wing" title="91st Missile Wing">91st Missile Wing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minot_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Minot AFB">Minot AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minot,_North_Dakota" title="Minot, North Dakota">Minot</a>, North Dakota <ul><li><a href="/wiki/740th_Missile_Squadron" title="740th Missile Squadron">740th Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/741st_Missile_Squadron" title="741st Missile Squadron">741st Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/742nd_Missile_Squadron" title="742nd Missile Squadron">742nd Missile Squadron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Missile_Wing" title="341st Missile Wing">341st Missile Wing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malmstrom_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmstrom AFB">Malmstrom AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10th_Missile_Squadron" title="10th Missile Squadron">10th Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Missile_Squadron" title="12th Missile Squadron">12th Missile Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/490th_Missile_Squadron" title="490th Missile Squadron">490th Missile Squadron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/582nd_Helicopter_Group" title="582nd Helicopter Group">582nd Helicopter Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis E. Warren AFB">Francis E. Warren AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> <ul><li>582nd Operations Support Squadron</li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="37th Helicopter Squadron">37th Helicopter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="40th Helicopter Squadron">40th Helicopter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="54th Helicopter Squadron">54th Helicopter Squadron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/377th_Air_Base_Wing" title="377th Air Base Wing">377th Air Base Wing</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kirtland_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirtland AFB">Kirtland AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/625th_Strategic_Operations_Squadron" title="625th Strategic Operations Squadron">625th Strategic Operations Squadron</a> – <a href="/wiki/Offutt_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Offutt AFB">Offutt AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/110px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/165px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/220px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg/220px-Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg/330px-Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg/440px-Olive-drab_painted_B-29_superfortress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2792" data-file-height="2180" /></a><figcaption>Pre-production Boeing YB-29 Superfortresses in formation</figcaption></figure> <p>The Twentieth Air Force was brought into existence on 4 April 1944 specifically to perform strategic bombardment missions against Japan. This was done at the insistence of <a href="/wiki/Hap_Arnold" class="mw-redirect" title="Hap Arnold">General Henry H. (Hap) Arnold</a>, commander of the USAAF, mainly to avoid having the new <a href="/wiki/B-29_Superfortress" class="mw-redirect" title="B-29 Superfortress">B-29 Superfortress</a> being diverted to tactical missions under pressure from the <a href="/wiki/China_Burma_India_Theater_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="China Burma India Theater of World War II">China Burma India Theater</a> commanders. Twentieth Air Force was to be commanded by General Arnold himself at <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> level. Twentieth Air Force was completely autonomous and its B-29s were to be completely independent of other command structures and would be dedicated exclusively against strategic targets in Japan. </p><p>In addition Twentieth Air Force was chosen (secretly) to be the operational component of the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a> in 1944, and performed the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">atomic attacks</a> on Japan in August 1945. However, in early 1944, the B-29 was not yet operationally ready. The aircraft had been in development at <a href="/wiki/Boeing" title="Boeing">Boeing</a> since the late 1930s and the first XB-29 (41-0002) flew on 21 September 1942. However, the aircraft suffered from an overwhelming number of development issues, and with engine problems (fires). As a result, most of the first production B-29s were still held up at <a href="/wiki/Air_Technical_Service_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Technical Service Command">Air Technical Service Command</a> modification centers, awaiting modifications and conversion to full combat readiness. By March 1944, the B-29 modification program had fallen into complete chaos, with absolutely no bombers being considered as combat ready. The program was seriously hampered by the need to work in the open air in inclement weather, as many hangars were simply too small to house the aircraft indoors; by delays in acquiring the necessary tools and support equipment, and by the USAAF's general lack of experience with the B-29. </p><p>General Arnold became alarmed at the situation and directed that his assistant, Major General B. E. Meyer, personally take charge of the entire modification program. The resulting burst of activity that took place between 10 March and 15 April 1944 came to be known as the "Battle of Kansas". Beginning in mid-March, technicians and specialists from the Boeing Wichita and Seattle factories were drafted into the modification centers to work around the clock to get the B-29s ready for combat. The mechanics often had to work outdoors in freezing weather. As a result of superhuman efforts on the part of all concerned, 150 B-29s had been handed over to the <a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">XX Bomber Command</a> by 15 April 1944. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II_operations">World War II operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War II operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operations_from_CBI_Theater">Operations from CBI Theater</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Operations from CBI Theater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Matterhorn" title="Operation Matterhorn">Operation Matterhorn</a> and <a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">XX Bomber Command</a> for expanded history</i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg/220px-India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg/330px-India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg/440px-India-b29s-rangoon-raid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption>B-29s of the 58th Bomb Wing on a mission to Rangoon, Burma, 1944</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Operation Matterhorn</b> was the name for the <a href="/wiki/B-29_Superfortress" class="mw-redirect" title="B-29 Superfortress">B-29 Superfortress</a> offensive against the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> from airfields in China. On 10 April 1944, the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> (JCS) informally approved Operation Matterhorn. The operational vehicle was to be the <a href="/wiki/58th_Air_Division" title="58th Air Division">58th Bombardment Wing (Very Heavy)</a> of the <a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">XX Bomber Command</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The headquarters of the XX Bomber Command had been established at <a href="/wiki/Kharagpur" title="Kharagpur">Kharagpur</a> India on 28 March 1944. The commander was General Kenneth B. Wolfe. The first B-29 reached its base in India on 2 April 1944. In India, existing airfields at Kharagpur, <a href="/wiki/Chakulia" title="Chakulia">Chakulia</a>, Piardoba and Dudkhundi had been converted for B-29 use. All of these bases were located in southern <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a> and were not far from port facilities at <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first B-29 bombing raid from India took place on 5 June 1944. Ninety-eight B-29s took off from bases in eastern India to attack the Makasan railroad yards at <a href="/wiki/Bangkok,_Thailand" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangkok, Thailand">Bangkok, Thailand</a>. Bombardment operations against Japan were planned to be carried out from bases in China. There were four sites in the Chengtu area of China that were assigned to the B-29 operation—at Kwanghan, Kuinglai, Hsinching, and Pengshan. The primary flaw in the Operation Matterhorn plan was the fact that all the supplies of fuel, bombs, and spares needed to support the forward bases in China had to be flown in from India over the Hump, since Japanese control of the seas around the Chinese coast made seaborne supply of China impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By mid-June, enough supplies had been stockpiled at Chinese forward bases to permit the launching of a <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Yawata_(June_1944)" title="Bombing of Yawata (June 1944)">single attack against targets in Japan</a>. It was a nighttime raid to be carried out on the night of 14/15 June 1944 against the Imperial Iron and Steel Works at <a href="/wiki/Yawata" title="Yawata">Yawata</a> on <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a>. Unfortunately, the Japanese had been warned of the approaching raid and the city of Yawata was blacked out and haze and/or smoke helped to obscure the target. Only 15 aircraft bombed visually while 32 bombed by radar. Only one bomb actually hit anywhere near the intended target, and the steel industry was essentially untouched. Although very little damage was actually done, the Yawata raid was hailed as a great victory in the American press, since it was the first time since the <a href="/wiki/Doolittle_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Doolittle raid">Doolittle raid</a> of April 1942 that American aircraft had hit the Japanese home islands.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the night 10–11 August, 56 B-29s staged through British air bases in <a href="/wiki/Ceylon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceylon">Ceylon</a> attacked the Plajdoe oil storage facilities at <a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a> on <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> in Indonesia. This involved a 4030-mile, 19-hour mission from Ceylon to Sumatra, the longest American air raid of the war. Other B-29s laid mines in the Moesi River. At the same time, a third batch of B-29s attacked targets in Nagasaki. These raids all showed a lack of operational control and inadequate combat techniques, drifting from target to target without a central plan and were largely ineffective.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Washington, it was decided that new leadership was needed for Twentieth Air Force. General Wolfe's replacement was <a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Major General Curtis E. LeMay</a>, who arrived in India on 29 August. Supply problems and aircraft accidents were still preventing a fully effective concentration of force and effort. In addition, Japanese defensive efforts were becoming more effective.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By late 1944, it was becoming apparent that B-29 operations against Japan staged out of bases in China and India were far too expensive in men and materials and would have to be stopped. In December 1944, the Joint Chiefs of Staff made the decision that Operation Matterhorn would be phased out, and the 58th Bombardment Wing's B-29s would be moved to newly captured bases in the <a href="/wiki/Marianas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marianas">Marianas</a> in the central Pacific. The last raid out of China was flown on 15 January 1945, which was an attack on targets in <a href="/wiki/Formosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Formosa">Formosa</a> (Taiwan). The 58th Bombardment Wing then redeployed to new bases in the Marianas in February.<sup id="cite_ref-AAF_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Attacks_on_Japan_from_the_Marianas">Attacks on Japan from the Marianas</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Attacks on Japan from the Marianas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See: <a href="/wiki/XXI_Bomber_Command" title="XXI Bomber Command">XXI Bomber Command</a> for expanded history</i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-29s-japan-1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/B-29s-japan-1945.jpg/220px-B-29s-japan-1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/B-29s-japan-1945.jpg/330px-B-29s-japan-1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/B-29s-japan-1945.jpg/440px-B-29s-japan-1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/73d_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="73d Bombardment Wing">73d Bombardment Wing</a>, <a href="/wiki/498th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="498th Bombardment Group">498th Bombardment Group</a> B-29s flying near <a href="/wiki/Mount_Fuji" title="Mount Fuji">Mount Fuji</a>, Japan, 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Marianas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marianas">Marianas</a> chain of islands, consisting primarily of <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinian">Tinian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, were considered as being ideal bases from which to launch B-29 Superfortress operations against Japan. The islands were about 1500 miles from Tokyo, a range which the B-29s could just about manage. Most important of all, they could be put on a direct supply line from the United States by ship. The XXI Bombardment Command had been assigned the overall responsibility of the B-29 operations out of the Marianas bases.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first B-29 arrived on <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a> on 12 October 1944. It was piloted by <a href="/wiki/Haywood_S._Hansell" title="Haywood S. Hansell">General Hansell</a> himself. By 22 November, over 100 B-29s were on Saipan. The XXI Bomber Command was assigned the task of destroying the aircraft industry of Japan in a series of high-altitude, daylight precision attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first raid against Japan took place on 24 November 1944. The target was the <a href="/wiki/Nakajima_Aircraft_Company" title="Nakajima Aircraft Company">Nakajima Aircraft Company</a>'s Musashi engine plant just outside Tokyo. 111 B-29s took off, Seventeen of them had to abort due to the usual spate of engine failures. The remainder approached the target at altitudes of 27–32,000 feet. For the first time, the B-29 encountered the jet stream, which was a high-speed wind coming out of the west at speeds as high as 200 mph at precisely the altitudes at which the bombers were operating. This caused the bomber formations to be disrupted and made accurate bombing impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concerned about the relative failure of the B-29 offensive to deal any crippling blows to Japan, General LeMay issued a new directive on 19 February. General LeMay had analyzed the structure of the Japanese economy, which depended heavily on cottage industries housed in cities close to major industrial areas. By destroying these feeder industries, the flow of vital components to the central plants could be slowed, disorganizing production of weapons vital to Japan. He decided to do this by using <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">incendiary bombs</a> rather than purely high-explosive bombs, which would, it was hoped, cause general conflagrations in large cities like Tokyo or <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>, spreading to some of the priority targets.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first raid to use these new techniques was on <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Tokyo_(10_March_1945)" title="Bombing of Tokyo (10 March 1945)">the night of 9–10 March against Tokyo</a>. Another wing—the <a href="/wiki/314th_Air_Division" title="314th Air Division">314th Bombardment Wing</a> (19th, 29th, 39th, and 330th BG) commanded by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Power" title="Thomas S. Power">Brig. Gen. Thomas S. Power</a>—had arrived in the Marianas and was stationed at North Field on Guam. A total of 302 B-29s participated in the raid, with 279 arriving over the target. The raid was led by special pathfinder crews who marked central aiming points. It lasted for two hours. The raid was a success beyond General LeMay's wildest expectations. The individual fires caused by the bombs joined to create a general <a href="/wiki/Conflagration" title="Conflagration">conflagration</a> due to strong winds of some 17 to 28 mph (27 to 45 km/h) at ground level, that prevented a more specific <a href="/wiki/Firestorm" title="Firestorm">firestorm</a> event. When it was over, sixteen square miles (41 km<sup>2</sup>.) of the center of Tokyo had gone up in flames and nearly 84,000 people had been killed. Fourteen B-29s were lost. The B-29 was finally beginning to have an effect.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By mid-June, most of the larger Japanese cities had been gutted, and LeMay ordered new incendiary raids against 58 smaller Japanese cities. By now, the B-29 raids were essentially unopposed by Japanese fighters. In late June, B-29 crews felt sufficiently confident that they began to drop leaflets warning the population of forthcoming attacks, followed three days later by a raid in which the specified urban area was devastated. By the end of June, the civilian population began to show signs of panic, and the Imperial Cabinet first began to consider negotiating an end to the war. However, at that time, the Japanese military was adamant about continuing on to the bitter end.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 1945, the XX and XXI Bombardment Commands were grouped under the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific">U.S. Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific</a> (USASTAF), under the command of General <a href="/wiki/Carl_A._Spaatz" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl A. Spaatz">Carl A. Spaatz</a>. The history of XXI Bomber Command terminated on 16 July 1945. On that date the command was redesignated <b>Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron, Twentieth Air Force</b>. This redesignation brought to an end the XXI Bomber Command as a separate establishment, as it was absorbed into the internal organizational structure of Twentieth Air Force and was placed under the command of USASTAF.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific_operations">Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific operations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg/220px-P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg/330px-P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg/440px-P-51s_at_North_Field_Iwo_Jima_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3771" data-file-height="2828" /></a><figcaption>P-51Ds of the <a href="/wiki/21st_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Fighter Group">21st Fighter Group</a> at <a href="/wiki/North_Field_(Iwo_Jima)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Field (Iwo Jima)">North Field</a>, Iwo Jima 1945, Note Mount Suribachi in the background.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><i>See: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific" title="United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific">United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki</a> for expanded history</i></dd></dl> <p>A reorganization of United States military commands on 16 July 1945 placed Twentieth Air Force under the command and control of the new <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific" title="United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific">United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific</a>. Twentieth Air Force would command B-29 wings directly based in the Mariana Islands, while the newly re-deployed <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a> would command B-29 wings based on Okinawa. This realignment was made in advance of the planned Invasion of Japan (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Downfall" title="Operation Downfall">Operation Downfall</a>) set to begin in October 1945. XXI Bomber Command was inactivated, its organization under the direct control of Twentieth Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By mid-July 1945, the combat missions over Japan were essentially un-opposed, with <a href="/wiki/VII_Fighter_Command" title="VII Fighter Command">VII Fighter Command</a> long range <a href="/wiki/P-51_Mustang" class="mw-redirect" title="P-51 Mustang">P-51 Mustangs</a> operating from captured <a href="/wiki/Iwo_Jima" title="Iwo Jima">Iwo Jima</a> airfields flying escort to the Marianas-based B-29s. Missions primarily consisted of low-level incendiary raids on smaller Japanese cities, both at night as well as daylight on a daily basis. The <a href="/wiki/315th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="315th Bombardment Wing">315th Bombardment Wing</a>, which became operational at the beginning of July, carried out a series of strikes against oil production facilities which essentially shut down the Japanese oil industry.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="509th_Composite_Group">509th Composite Group</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 509th Composite Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See: <a href="/wiki/509th_Composite_Group" title="509th Composite Group">509th Composite Group</a> for expanded history</i></dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg/220px-B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg/330px-B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg/440px-B-29_Enola_Gay_w_Crews.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><i>Enola Gay</i>, captain <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tibbets" title="Paul Tibbets">Paul Tibbets</a> and members of the ground crew</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png/220px-Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png/330px-Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png/440px-Bocks-Car-enlisted-flight-crew.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption>Flight crew of the <i>Bockscar</i></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg/250px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg/375px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg/500px-Atomic_cloud_over_Hiroshima.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2491" data-file-height="2937" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mushroom_cloud" title="Mushroom cloud">mushroom cloud</a> over Hiroshima after the dropping of <a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy">Little Boy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The 509th Composite Group was deployed overseas in the spring of 1945. The 509th was initially a part of XXI Bombardment Command based in the <a href="/wiki/Marianas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marianas">Marianas</a>. By July, the bombers were established at <a href="/wiki/West_Field_(Tinian)" title="West Field (Tinian)">North Field</a> on <a href="/wiki/Tinian_Naval_Base" title="Tinian Naval Base">Tinian</a>, which had just been completed for the <a href="/wiki/313th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="313th Bombardment Wing">313th Bombardment Wing</a>. It was, however, under the direct operational control of the commander, Twentieth Air Force. The mission of the unit was the operational use of the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_Bomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomic Bomb">Atomic Bomb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It had only one Bombardment Squadron—the 393rd, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sweeney" title="Charles Sweeney">Major Charles W. Sweeney</a>. The 509th Composite Group was a completely self-sufficient unit, with its own engineer, material, and troop squadrons as well as its own military police unit. Since the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Manhattan project">Manhattan project</a> was carried out in an atmosphere of high secrecy, the vast majority of the officers and men of the 509th Composite Group were completely ignorant of its intended mission.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the testing of the Atomic Bomb completed in the United States, the two other bombs (<a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy">Little Boy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a>) had arrived on Tinian on 26 July, being delivered by the <a href="/wiki/USS_Indianapolis_(CA-35)" title="USS Indianapolis (CA-35)">USS <i>Indianapolis</i> (CA-35)</a>. On 24 July, a directive was sent to General Carl A. Spaatz ordering the 509th to deliver its first atomic bomb as soon as weather would permit. The Japanese cities of <a href="/wiki/Hiroshima" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kokura" title="Kokura">Kokura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niigata,_Niigata" class="mw-redirect" title="Niigata, Niigata">Niigata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> were potential targets. President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> gave his final go-ahead from the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Conference" title="Potsdam Conference">Potsdam Conference</a> on 31 July.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 August the atomic attack began with a flight of three special reconnaissance F-13As (RB-29s) which took off to report the weather over the primary and secondary targets. Col. Tibbets followed in his B-29 aircraft, <i><a href="/wiki/Enola_Gay" title="Enola Gay">Enola Gay</a></i>, an hour later, accompanied by two other B-29s which would observe the drop. While on the way to Japan, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Eatherly" title="Claude Eatherly">Major Claude Eatherly</a>, flying <i>Straight Flush</i>, radioed that Hiroshima was clear for a visual bomb drop. Navy weapons expert <a href="/wiki/William_Sterling_Parsons" title="William Sterling Parsons">Captain William Parsons</a> armed the bomb while in flight, as it was deemed too dangerous to do this on the ground at North Field, lest an accident happen and the bomb go off, wiping out the entire base. At 8:15 am, the <i>Enola Gay</i> released <a href="/wiki/Little_Boy" title="Little Boy">Little Boy</a> from an altitude of 31,500 feet (9,600 m). The radar fuse on the bomb had been preset to go off at an altitude of 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ground. In the ensuing explosion, yielding about 12 kilotons of <a href="/wiki/Trinitrotoluene" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinitrotoluene">TNT</a> in explosive power, about 75,000 people were killed and 48,000 buildings were destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With no official statement from the Japanese government, there was no let-up with the conventional B-29 raids. B-29s from the 58th, 73rd, and 313th Bombardment Wings hit the Toyokawa Arsenal the next day. On the night of 7 August, the 525th Bombardment Group dropped 189 tons of mines on several different sea targets. On 8 August, the 58th, 73rd, and 313th Bomb Wings dropped incendiary bombs on targets at <a href="/wiki/Yawata" title="Yawata">Yawata</a> in the southern island of Kyūshū. At the same time, the 314th BW hit an industrial area of Tokyo. The Japanese defenses were still effective enough to down four B-29s during the Yawata raid and three at Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since there was still no official reaction from Japan, the Americans felt that there was no alternative but to prepare a second atomic attack. The plutonium bomb called "<a href="/wiki/Fat_Man" title="Fat Man">Fat Man</a>" was loaded into a B-29 known as <i><a href="/wiki/Bockscar" title="Bockscar">Bockscar</a></i> (Martin-Omaha built B-29-35-MO serial number 44-27297, the name often spelled Bock's Car), named after its usual commander, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Bock" title="Frederick C. Bock">Captain Frederick C. Bock</a>. However, on this mission, the aircraft was flown by Major Sweeney, with Capt. Bock flying one of the observation planes. The primary target was to be the <a href="/wiki/Kokura" title="Kokura">Kokura</a> Arsenal, with the seaport city of <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki,_Nagasaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagasaki, Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> as the alternative.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bockscar took off on 9 August, with Fat Man on board. This time, the primary target of Kokura was obscured by dense smoke left over from the earlier B-29 raid on nearby Yawata, and the bombardier could not pinpoint the specified aiming point despite three separate runs. So Sweeney turned to the secondary target, Nagasaki. There were clouds over Nagasaki as well, and a couple of runs over the target had to be made before the bombardier could find an opening in the clouds. At 11:00 am, Fat Man was released from the aircraft and after a long descent, the bomb exploded. The yield was estimated at 22 <a href="/wiki/Kiloton" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiloton">kilotons</a> of <a href="/wiki/Trinitrotoluene" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinitrotoluene">TNT</a>. Approximately 35,000 people died at Nagasaki from the immediate blast and fire.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After releasing the bomb, Sweeney was forced to divert to <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a> because of a problem with a fuel transfer pump, and because of the long flight with multiple bomb runs and circling for better weather. There was not even enough fuel left to fly to Iwo Jima. After refueling on Okinawa, the B-29 returned to Tinian. The Japanese Emperor ordered that the government accept the Allied terms of surrender at once. It took time for the full details to be worked out, and there was a very real danger that some elements of the Japanese military would still not accept surrender, and might attempt a military coup d'état, even against their Emperor.<sup id="cite_ref-H509_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H509-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the meantime, conventional bombing of Japanese targets still continued, with a record number of 804 B-29s hitting targets in Japan on 14 August. On the morning of 15 August, the Emperor broadcast by radio his command of Japan's surrender in an address to his nation. Practically none of his subjects had never heard his voice before. All further offensive operations against Japan ceased after the Emperor's broadcast.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After that time, most of the B-29s in the Pacific were diverted to missions of mercy, dropping food and clothing to thousands of Allied prisoners of war held in Japan, China, Manchuria, and Korea. 1066 B-29s participated in 900 missions to 154 camps. Some 63,500 prisoners were provided with 4470 tons of supplies. These flights cost eight B-29s lost by accidents, with 77 crew members aboard.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Japanese surrender was formally signed on 2 September 1945, aboard the huge battleship <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Missouri_(BB-63)" title="USS Missouri (BB-63)">USS Missouri</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Bay" title="Tokyo Bay">Tokyo Bay</a>, bringing the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a> to an end. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_era">Postwar era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Postwar era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg/220px-Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg/330px-Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg/440px-Tinian-scrapped_B-29s_-_1946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>B-29 Superfortress graveyard, North Field, Tinian, 1946. During the war, bulldozers were always waiting at the ends of the runways. Any problem with takeoff or landing and the B-29's were bulldozed off the runway to keep the flow moving. After the war, many war-weary B-29s were scrapped on Tinian, the aircrews being sent home on other aircraft or ships.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the end of World War II, Twentieth Air Force remained in the Pacific, being headquartered on <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>. The vast majority of its fleet of B-29 Superfortreses were returned to the United States as part of "Operation Sunset". The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific" title="United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific">United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific</a> was inactivated on 6 December 1945, and Twentieth Air Force placed under the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Command,_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Air Command, United States Army">Pacific Air Command, United States Army</a>. </p><p>The last of the World War II combat wings, the 315th Bombardment Wing, returned to the United States on 30 May 1946. The <a href="/wiki/19th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="19th Bombardment Group">19th Bombardment Group</a> remained at <a href="/wiki/North_Field_(Guam)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Field (Guam)">North Field</a>, Guam as its only operational group. In 1949, budget reductions forced the realignment and consolidation of Air Force units in the Pacific, and the mission of Twentieth Air Force became the defense of the <a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Islands" title="Ryukyu Islands">Ryukyu Islands</a> and it was reassigned to <a href="/wiki/Kadena_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadena AB">Kadena AB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa</a>. It commanded the following units: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naha_Air_Base" title="Naha Air Base">Naha Air Base</a>, Okinawa<br /><a href="/wiki/51st_Fighter_Wing" title="51st Fighter Wing">51st Fighter-Interceptor Wing/Group</a> (F-80, F-82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadena_Air_Base" title="Kadena Air Base">Kadena Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa</a><br /><a href="/wiki/31st_Strategic_Reconnaissance_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron">31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron</a>, (RB-29)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Anderson Air Force Base">Anderson Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a><br /><a href="/wiki/19th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="19th Air Refueling Wing">19th Bombardment Wing/Group</a> (B-29)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Korean_War">Korean War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Korean War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg/220px-B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg/330px-B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg/440px-B-29s_19th_Bomb_Group_over_Korea_1950.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1145" /></a><figcaption>Two U.S. Air Force Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombers from the 93rd Bomb Squadron, 19th Bomb Group, during a mission over Korea in 1950. The aircraft in front is B-29-80-BW 44-70134, nicknamed "No Sweat".</figcaption></figure> <p>On 27 June 1950, the United Nations Security Council voted to assist the South Koreans in resisting the invasion of their nation by North Korea. President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> authorized General <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> (commander of the US occupying forces in Japan) to commit units to the battle. MacArthur ordered <a href="/wiki/George_E._Stratemeyer" title="George E. Stratemeyer">General George E. Stratemeyer</a>, CIC of the <a href="/wiki/PACAF" class="mw-redirect" title="PACAF">Far Eastern Air Force</a> (FEAF) to attack attacking North Korean forces between the front lines and the 38th parallel. At that time, the 22 B-29s of the <a href="/wiki/19th_Airlift_Wing" title="19th Airlift Wing">19th Bombardment Group</a> stationed at <a href="/wiki/Andersen_Air_Force_Base" title="Andersen Air Force Base">Andersen Field</a> on Guam were the only aircraft capable of hitting the Korean peninsula, and this unit was ordered to move to Kadena air base on Okinawa and <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_North_Korea" title="Bombing of North Korea">begin attacks on North Korea</a>. These raids began on 28 June. On 29 June, clearance was given for B-29 attacks on airfields in North Korea. The B-29s were frequently diverted into tactical attacks against advancing North Korean troops. </p><p>On 8 July, a special FEAF Bomber Command was set up under the command of Major General Emmett O'Donnell. On 13 July, the FEAF Bomber Command took over command of the 19th Bombardment Group and of the <a href="/wiki/22d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Air Refueling Wing">22nd</a> and <a href="/wiki/92d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="92d Air Refueling Wing">92nd Bombardment Groups</a> which had been transferred from SAC bases in the United States. </p><p>The other major components of Twentieth Air Force, the <a href="/wiki/51st_Fighter_Wing" title="51st Fighter Wing">51st Fighter-Interceptor Wing</a> was reassigned to <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth Air Force</a> at Itazuke AB, Japan in September 1950, where its <a href="/wiki/F-82_Twin_Mustang" class="mw-redirect" title="F-82 Twin Mustang">F-82 Twin Mustangs</a> and <a href="/wiki/F-80_Shooting_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="F-80 Shooting Star">F-80 Shooting Stars</a> were used in combat over Korea. The very long-range RB-29s of the <a href="/wiki/31st_Strategic_Reconnaissance_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron">31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron</a> (unarmed B-29s fitted with additional internal fuel tanks within the bomb bays and various photo mapping cameras) were also reassigned to Fifth Air Force at Johnson AB, Japan where they were combined with other aerial reconnaissance units. </p><p>With the end of the Korean War in 1953, Far East Air Forces reorganized its forces and Twentieth Air Force units were reassigned. The bombardment units were reassigned to <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> in 1954; fighter units to <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth Air Force</a> in 1955 and used for air defense. It was inactivated on 1 March 1955. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg/220px-Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg/330px-Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg/440px-Missile_Combat_Crew_on_alert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2054" /></a><figcaption>Minuteman missile combat crew in 2006.</figcaption></figure> <p>Twentieth Air Force was reactivated on 1 September 1991 as a component of <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> and located at <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg AFB">Vandenberg AFB</a>, California. Its mission was the responsibility for all land-based Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM)s. 20th Air Force's rebirth came at a time when America's nuclear forces were entering a decade of unprecedented force reductions and changes. Spawned by the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>'s end and the breakup of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, these changes reshaped the basic fabric of the nation's nuclear deterrent forces.<sup id="cite_ref-FS20AF_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS20AF-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the decades since its reactivation, 20th Air Force has experienced four major command identities. After one year in Strategic Air Command and another year in <a href="/wiki/Air_Combat_Command" title="Air Combat Command">Air Combat Command</a>, 20th Air Force was moved under <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Space_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Space Command">Air Force Space Command</a> in 1993. December 2009 marked the final transition of 20th Air Force to the newly created <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">Air Force Global Strike Command</a>. Twentieth Air Force Headquarters' changed its location in 1993, moving from Vandenberg AFB, Calif., to its current home at <a href="/wiki/FE_Warren_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="FE Warren Air Force Base">FE Warren Air Force Base</a>, Wyoming.<sup id="cite_ref-FS20AF_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS20AF-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today 450 <a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">Minuteman III</a> missiles remain on alert.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Twentieth Air Force headquarters is unique in that it has dual responsibilities to Air Force Global Strike Command and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">United States Strategic Command</a>. As the missile Numbered Air Force for AFGSC, 20th Air Force is responsible for maintaining and operating the Air Force's ICBM force. Designated as STRATCOM's Task Force 214, 20th Air Force provides on-alert, combat ready ICBMs to the president. Combined with the other two legs of the Triad, bombers and submarines, STRATCOM forces protect the United States with an umbrella of deterrence.<sup id="cite_ref-FS20AF_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FS20AF-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lineage">Lineage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Lineage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Established as <b>Twentieth Air Force</b> and activated on 4 April 1944</li></ul> <dl><dd>Inactivated on 1 March 1955</dd></dl> <ul><li>Activated on 1 September 1991.</li></ul> <dl><dd>Redesignated as: <b>Twentieth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic)</b> on 1 December 2009.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assignments">Assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a>, 4 April 1944</li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Air_Forces_in_the_Pacific" title="United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific">United States Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific</a>, 16 July-6 December 1945</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PACAF" class="mw-redirect" title="PACAF">Pacific Air Command</a>, U.S. Army, (later Far East Air Forces), 6 December 1945 – 1 March 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a>, 1 September 1991</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Combat_Command" title="Air Combat Command">Air Combat Command</a>, 1 June 1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Space_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Space Command">Air Force Space Command</a>, 1 July 1993</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">Air Force Global Strike Command</a>, 7 August 2009</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Components">Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II">World War II</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VII_Fighter_Command" title="VII Fighter Command">VII Fighter Command</a>, 5 Aug 1945-c. Aug 1946</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">XX Bomber Command</a>, 19 April 1944 – 18 July 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXI_Bomber_Command" title="XXI Bomber Command">XXI Bomber Command</a>, 9 November 1944 – 18 July 1945</li></ul> <dl><dd>Assumed direct control of XXI Bomber Command organization, 16 July 1945 <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/58th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="58th Bombardment Wing">58th Bombardment Wing</a>, 29 Jun-12 Oct 1944; 16 July 1945 – 15 November 1945</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/73d_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="73d Bombardment Wing">73d Bombardment Wing</a>, 16 July 1945 – 13 March 1946</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/313th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="313th Bombardment Wing">313th Bombardment Wing</a>, 16 July 1945 – 13 March 1946</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/314th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="314th Bombardment Wing">314th Bombardment Wing</a>, 16 July 1945 – 15 May 1946</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/315th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="315th Bombardment Wing">315th Bombardment Wing</a>, 16 July 1945 – 30 May 1946</dd></dl></dd></dl> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/301st_Fighter_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="301st Fighter Wing (World War II)">301st Fighter Wing</a>, 21 May 1945 – 29 November 1945</li></ul> <dl><dd>Detached 21 May 1945 – 14 August 1945</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3d_Photographic_Reconnaissance_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="3d Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron">3d Photographic Reconnaissance Squadron</a></li></ul> <dl><dd>Attached to: Twentieth Air Force, 1 November 1944</dd> <dd>Attached to: XXI Bomber Command, December 1944</dd> <dd>Attached to: Twentieth Air Force, 16 July 1945</dd> <dd>Assigned to: Twentieth Air Force, 3 February–15 March 1947</dd></dl> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States_Air_Force">United States Air Force</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: United States Air Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <p><b>Bombardment Wings</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/19th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="19th Bombardment Wing">19th Bombardment Wing</a>, 17 August 1948 – 16 May 1949, 17 October 1949 – 11 June 1954</li></ul> <dl><dd>Detached 1 Jun 1953 – c. 28 May 1954</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/98th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="98th Bombardment Wing">98th Bombardment Wing</a> (Attached 18 Jun-25 Jul 1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/307th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="307th Bombardment Wing">307th Bombardment Wing</a> (Attached 18 Jun-19 Nov 1954)</li></ul> <p><b>Fighter Wings</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_Fighter-Bomber_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="18th Fighter-Bomber Wing">18th Fighter-Bomber Wing</a>, 10 November 1954 – 31 January 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="23d Fighter Wing">23d Fighter Wing</a>, 16 August 1948 – 25 April 1949</li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Fighter_Wing" title="51st Fighter Wing">51st Fighter Wing</a>, 16 May 1949 – 1 March 1955</li></ul> <dl><dd>Detached 25 Sep-12 Oct 1950</dd></dl> </td> <td class="col-break" style="width: 50%;"> <p><b>Missile Wings</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/44th_Missile_Wing" title="44th Missile Wing">44th Missile Wing</a>, 1 September 1991 – 5 July 1994</li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Missile_Wing" title="90th Missile Wing">90th Missile (later, 90th Space) Wing</a>, 1 September 1991 – present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Missile_Wing" title="91st Missile Wing">91st Missile (later, 91st Missile Group; 91st Missile Wing; 91st Space Wing, 91st Missile Wing)</a>; 1 September 1991 – present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="321st Missile Wing">321st Missile Wing (later, 321st Missile Group)</a>, 1 September 1991 – 2 July 1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Missile_Wing" title="341st Missile Wing">341st Missile (later, 341st Space) Wing</a>, 1 September 1991 – present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/351st_Missile_Wing" title="351st Missile Wing">351st Missile Wing</a>, 1 September 1991 – 31 July 1995</li></ul> <p><b>Other Wings and Groups</b> </p> <ul><li>529th Aircraft Control & Warning Group – 16 May 1949 – 1 August 1952</li> <li><a href="/wiki/310th_Training_and_Test_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="310th Training and Test Wing">310th Training and Test Wing</a> 1 September 1991 – 1 July 1993</li> <li><a href="/wiki/374th_Troop_Carrier_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="374th Troop Carrier Wing">374th Troop Carrier Wing</a>, (Attached 17 August 1948 – 5 March 1949).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/377th_Air_Base_Wing" title="377th Air Base Wing">377th Air Base Wing</a>, 1 Oct 2015–present</li> <li><a href="/wiki/582d_Helicopter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="582d Helicopter Group">582d Helicopter Group</a>, early 2015–present</li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stations">Stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Washington, D.C., 4 April 1944</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmon_Air_Force_Base" title="Harmon Air Force Base">Harmon Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a>, July 1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadena_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadena AB">Kadena AB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa</a>, 16 May 1949 – 1 March 1955</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">Vandenberg Air Force Base</a>, California, 1 September 1991 – 1993</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FE_Warren_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="FE Warren Air Force Base">FE Warren Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, 1993 – present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_commanders">List of commanders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of commanders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1944_to_1955">1944 to 1955</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1944 to 1955"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th colspan="2">Commander </th> <th colspan="3">Term </th></tr> <tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Term length </th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry H. Arnold"><img alt="Henry H. Arnold" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png/100px-General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png/150px-General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png/200px-General_of_the_Air_Force_Hap_Arnold.png 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="840" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">General of the Army<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Arnold" title="Henry H. Arnold">Henry H. Arnold</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6 April 1944</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">15 July 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002465000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 100 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtis_LeMay_(USAF).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Curtis LeMay"><img alt="Curtis LeMay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg/100px-Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg/150px-Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg/200px-Curtis_LeMay_%28USAF%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1694" data-file-height="1935" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">16 July 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 August 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7001160000000000000♠"></span>16 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nathan_Twining_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nathan F. Twining"><img alt="Nathan F. Twining" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Nathan_Twining_02.jpg/100px-Nathan_Twining_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Nathan_Twining_02.jpg/150px-Nathan_Twining_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Nathan_Twining_02.jpg/200px-Nathan_Twining_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1452" data-file-height="1917" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Lieutenant General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Nathan_F._Twining" title="Nathan F. Twining">Nathan F. Twining</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 August 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14 October 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7001730000000000000♠"></span>73 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.png" class="mw-file-description" title="James E. Parker"><img alt="James E. Parker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/No_image.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b>James E. Parker</b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">15 October 1945</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">18 March 1946</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002154000000000000♠"></span>154 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Frederick M. Hopkins Jr."><img alt="Frederick M. Hopkins Jr." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/No_image.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Brigadier General<br /><b>Frederick M. Hopkins Jr.</b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19 March 1946</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9 September 1946</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002174000000000000♠"></span>174 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Griswold_fh1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francis H. Griswold"><img alt="Francis H. Griswold" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Griswold_fh1.jpg/100px-Griswold_fh1.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Griswold_fh1.jpg/150px-Griswold_fh1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Griswold_fh1.jpg/200px-Griswold_fh1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="2340" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Francis_H._Griswold" title="Francis H. Griswold">Francis H. Griswold</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10 September 1946</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7 September 1948</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002728000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 363 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Alvin C. Kincaid"><img alt="Alvin C. Kincaid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/No_image.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b>Alvin C. Kincaid</b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 September 1948</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 July 1950</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002690000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 325 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ralph Francis Stearley"><img alt="Ralph Francis Stearley" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7b/Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG/100px-Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7b/Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG/150px-Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7b/Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG/200px-Ralph_Francis_Stearley.JPG 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="321" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Francis_Stearley" title="Ralph Francis Stearley">Ralph Francis Stearley</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">31 July 1950</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7 February 1953</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002922000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 191 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No_image.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Fay R. Upthegrove"><img alt="Fay R. Upthegrove" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/No_image.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1" data-file-height="1" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b>Fay R. Upthegrove</b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 February 1953</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 March 1955</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002751000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 21 days</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992_to_present">1992 to present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: 1992 to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th colspan="2">Commander </th> <th colspan="3">Term </th></tr> <tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Term length </th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arlen D. Jameson"><img alt="Arlen D. Jameson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg/100px-Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg/150px-Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg/200px-Lt_Gen_Arlen_D._Jameson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="407" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Lieutenant General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arlen_D._Jameson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arlen D. Jameson (page does not exist)">Arlen D. Jameson</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 July 1992</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">22 June 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002721000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 356 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_W._Parker.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Robert W. Parker"><img alt="Robert W. Parker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Robert_W._Parker.jpg/100px-Robert_W._Parker.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Robert_W._Parker.jpg/150px-Robert_W._Parker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Robert_W._Parker.jpg/200px-Robert_W._Parker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Parker_(general)" title="Robert W. Parker (general)">Robert W. Parker</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">22 June 1994</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">17 June 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002726000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 361 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Donald G. Cook"><img alt="Donald G. Cook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg/100px-General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg/150px-General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg/200px-General_Donald_G_Cook.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Donald_G._Cook" title="Donald G. Cook">Donald G. Cook</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">17 June 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4 September 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002809000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 79 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomas H. Neary"><img alt="Thomas H. Neary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_H._Neary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="336" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_H._Neary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas H. Neary (page does not exist)">Thomas H. Neary</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4 September 1998</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19 July 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002684000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 319 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Timothy J. McMahon"><img alt="Timothy J. McMahon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Timothy_J._McMahon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="270" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timothy_J._McMahon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timothy J. McMahon (page does not exist)">Timothy J. McMahon</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">19 July 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 May 2003</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003104500000000000♠"></span>2 years, 315 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frank Klotz"><img alt="Frank Klotz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg/100px-Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg/150px-Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg/200px-Ltgen_klotz_fg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="2670" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Frank_Klotz" title="Frank Klotz">Frank Klotz</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 May 2003</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14 October 2005</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002868000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 137 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomas F. Deppe"><img alt="Thomas F. Deppe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Thomas_F._Deppe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_F._Deppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas F. Deppe (page does not exist)">Thomas F. Deppe</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14 October 2005</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10 August 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002665000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 300 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Roger W. Burg"><img alt="Roger W. Burg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Roger_W._Burg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="2720" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_W._Burg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger W. Burg (page does not exist)">Roger W. Burg</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10 August 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 July 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003105600000000000♠"></span>2 years, 325 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="C. Donald Alston"><img alt="C. Donald Alston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_C._Donald_Alston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/C._Donald_Alston" title="C. Donald Alston">C. Donald Alston</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1 July 2010</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 2012</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">~<span data-sort-value="7002701000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 336 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michael J. Carey[9][10][11]"><img alt="Michael J. Carey[9][10][11]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg/100px-Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg/150px-Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg/200px-Michael_J._Carey_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Carey_(United_States_Air_Force_officer)" title="Michael Carey (United States Air Force officer)">Michael J. Carey</a><sup id="cite_ref-usaf_announce_20131011_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usaf_announce_20131011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">June 2012</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 2013</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">~<span data-sort-value="7002487000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 122 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">11</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Weinstein[12]"><img alt="Jack Weinstein[12]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG/100px-Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG/150px-Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG/200px-Jack_Weinstein_USAF_20130909.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Jack_Weinstein_(general)" title="Jack Weinstein (general)">Jack Weinstein</a><sup id="cite_ref-usaf_biography_weinstein_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usaf_biography_weinstein-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">October 2013</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">16 November 2015</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">~<span data-sort-value="7002776000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 46 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">12</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthony_J._Cotton_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anthony J. Cotton[13]"><img alt="Anthony J. Cotton[13]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg/100px-Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg/150px-Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg/200px-Anthony_J._Cotton_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Cotton" title="Anthony J. Cotton">Anthony J. Cotton</a><sup id="cite_ref-usaf_biography_cotton_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usaf_biography_cotton-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">16 November 2015</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">26 January 2018</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002802000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 71 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ferdinand Stoss"><img alt="Ferdinand Stoss" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Ferdinand_B._Stoss_III_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Stoss" title="Ferdinand Stoss">Ferdinand Stoss</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">26 January 2018</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 July 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002894000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 164 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">14</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Michael Lutton"><img alt="Michael Lutton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Michael_J._Lutton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lutton" title="Michael Lutton">Michael Lutton</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 July 2020</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 January 2024</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003127600000000000♠"></span>3 years, 181 days</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">15</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stacy Jo Huser"><img alt="Stacy Jo Huser" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg/100px-Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg/150px-Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg/200px-Maj_Gen_Stacy_Jo_Huser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">Major General<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stacy_Jo_Huser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stacy Jo Huser (page does not exist)">Stacy Jo Huser</a></b></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 January 2024</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><i>Incumbent</i></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002322000000000000♠"></span>322 days</td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Timeline_WW_II_-_Pacific_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Timeline WW II - Pacific Theatre">Timeline WW II – Pacific Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-East_Asian_Theatre_of_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="South-East Asian Theatre of World War II">South-East Asian Theatre of World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">United States Strategic Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Tokyo_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing of Tokyo in World War II">Bombing of Tokyo in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_II#United_States_strategic_bombing_of_Japan" title="Strategic bombing during World War II">United States strategic bombing of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Kobe_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Kobe in World War II">Bombing of Kobe in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebombing" title="Firebombing">Firebombing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afhra.af.mil/">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a href="/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Copyright status of works by the federal government of the United States">public domain material</a> from <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warren.af.mil/organizations/20thAF.shtml"><i>20th Air Force Website</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=20th+Air+Force+Website&rft.pub=United+States+Air+Force&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.warren.af.mil%2Forganizations%2F20thAF.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-af.mil-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-af.mil_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-af.mil_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/432271/twentieth-air-force-air-forces-strategic-afgsc/">"Twentieth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic) (AFGSC)"</a>. <i>af.mil</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052343/http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/432271/twentieth-air-force-air-forces-strategic-afgsc/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=af.mil&rft.atitle=Twentieth+Air+Force+%28Air+Forces+Strategic%29+%28AFGSC%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afhra.af.mil%2FAbout-Us%2FFact-Sheets%2FDisplay%2FArticle%2F432271%2Ftwentieth-air-force-air-forces-strategic-afgsc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.20af.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/457703/twentieth-air-force/">http://www.20af.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/457703/twentieth-air-force/</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAF-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AAF_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/AAFHS/AAFHS-112.pdf">"History of the Twentieth Air Force (AAFRH-12) Army Air Forces Historical Office, October 1945"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ibiblio.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170917023045/http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/AAFHS/AAFHS-112.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 17 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ibiblio.org&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Twentieth+Air+Force+%28AAFRH-12%29+Army+Air+Forces+Historical+Office%2C+October+1945&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FAAF%2FAAFHS%2FAAFHS-112.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshall-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshall, Chester (1996), Warbird History—B-29 Superfortress, Motorbooks International, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-785-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-785-8">0-87938-785-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mann-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mann_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mann, Robert A. The B-29 Superfortress: A Comprehensive Registry of the Planes and Their Missions. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1787-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1787-0">0-7864-1787-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-H509-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H509_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-080128-037.pdf">History of the 509th Composite Group Activation to 15 August 1945</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120127130713/http://www.afhra.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-080128-037.pdf">Archived</a> 27 January 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FS20AF-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FS20AF_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FS20AF_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FS20AF_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warren.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4697">"20th Air Force Factsheet"</a>. <i>af.mil</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151001105043/http://www.warren.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4697">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=af.mil&rft.atitle=20th+Air+Force+Factsheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.warren.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D4697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Norris, R. S. and H. M. Kristensen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thebulletin.metapress.com/content/f64x2k3716wq9613/fulltext.pdf">Nuclear Notebook: U.S. nuclear forces, 2009</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thebulletin.org"><i>Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128192159/https://thebulletin.org/">Archived</a> 28 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, March/April 2009, p. 62 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2968%2F065002008">10.2968/065002008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usaf_announce_20131011-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usaf_announce_20131011_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220213855/http://www.afgsc.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123366812">"20th Air Force commander relieved of command"</a> (Press release). Air Force Global Strike Command Public Affairs. 11 October 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afgsc.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123366812">the original</a> on 20 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=20th+Air+Force+commander+relieved+of+command&rft.pub=Air+Force+Global+Strike+Command+Public+Affairs&rft.date=2013-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afgsc.af.mil%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Fid%3D123366812&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-washingtonpost-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-washingtonpost_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitlock2013" class="citation news cs1">Whitlock, Craig (19 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/report-us-air-force-general-drank-too-much-fraternized-with-foreign-women-in-moscow/2013/12/19/7f3cdba0-68ed-11e3-a0b9-249bbb34602c_story.html">"Report: U.S. Air Force general drank too much, fraternized with foreign women in Moscow"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220210805/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/report-us-air-force-general-drank-too-much-fraternized-with-foreign-women-in-moscow/2013/12/19/7f3cdba0-68ed-11e3-a0b9-249bbb34602c_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Report%3A+U.S.+Air+Force+general+drank+too+much%2C+fraternized+with+foreign+women+in+Moscow&rft.date=2013-12-19&rft.aulast=Whitlock&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fnational-security%2Freport-us-air-force-general-drank-too-much-fraternized-with-foreign-women-in-moscow%2F2013%2F12%2F19%2F7f3cdba0-68ed-11e3-a0b9-249bbb34602c_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurns2013" class="citation news cs1">Burns, Robert (11 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/11/michael-carey-fired_n_4085154.html">"Michael Carey, Air Force General in Charge of Nuclear Missiles, To Be Fired Over 'Loss of Trust'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Huffington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131024125625/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/11/michael-carey-fired_n_4085154.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Michael+Carey%2C+Air+Force+General+in+Charge+of+Nuclear+Missiles%2C+To+Be+Fired+Over+%27Loss+of+Trust%27&rft.date=2013-10-11&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2013%2F10%2F11%2Fmichael-carey-fired_n_4085154.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usaf_biography_weinstein-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usaf_biography_weinstein_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/Biographies/Display/tabid/225/Article/108351/major-general-jack-weinstein.aspx">"Major General Jack Weinstein"</a>. United States Air Force. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131220223815/http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/Biographies/Display/tabid/225/Article/108351/major-general-jack-weinstein.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 20 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+General+Jack+Weinstein&rft.pub=United+States+Air+Force&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2FAboutUs%2FBiographies%2FDisplay%2Ftabid%2F225%2FArticle%2F108351%2Fmajor-general-jack-weinstein.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-usaf_biography_cotton-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-usaf_biography_cotton_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/Biographies/Display/tabid/225/Article/108714/brigadier-general-anthony-j-cotton.aspx">"Major General Anthony Cotton"</a>. United States Air Force. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151210233418/http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/Biographies/Display/tabid/225/Article/108714/brigadier-general-anthony-j-cotton.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+General+Anthony+Cotton&rft.pub=United+States+Air+Force&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2FAboutUs%2FBiographies%2FDisplay%2Ftabid%2F225%2FArticle%2F108714%2Fbrigadier-general-anthony-j-cotton.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATwentieth+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Birdsall, Steve. <i>Saga of the Superfortress: The Dramatic Story of the B-29 and the twentieth Air Force</i>. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1981. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-283-98786-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-283-98786-3">0-283-98786-3</a>.</li> <li>Dorr, Robert F. <i>B-29 Superfortress Units of the Korean War</i>. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-654-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-654-2">1-84176-654-2</a>.</li> <li>Dorr, Robert F. <i>B-29 Units of World War II</i>. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2002. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-285-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-285-7">1-84176-285-7</a>.</li> <li>Freeman, Roger A. <i>Boeing B-29 Superfortress U.S.A.A.F. 1942–1945 (Camouflage & Markings No. 19)</i>. London: Ducimus Books, 1970.</li> <li>Marshall, Chester. <i>Warbird History: B-29 Superfortress</i>. Osceola, Wisconsin: Motorbooks International, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87938-785-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87938-785-8">0-87938-785-8</a>.</li> <li>Maurer, Maurer. <i>Air Force Combat Units of World War II</i>. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89201-092-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-89201-092-4">0-89201-092-4</a>.</li> <li>Rhodes, Richard. <i>The Making of the Atomic Bomb</i>. Simon and Schuster, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-81378-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-81378-5">0-684-81378-5</a>.</li> <li>Rust, Kenn C. <i>Twentieth Air Force Story...in World War II</i>. Temple City, California: Historical Aviation Album, 1979. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-911852-85-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-911852-85-9">0-911852-85-9</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warren.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4697">Twentieth Air Force Factsheet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151001105043/http://www.warren.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=4697">Archived</a> 1 October 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airforce-magazine.com">AIR FORCE MAGAZINE</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080708200807/http://www.airforce-magazine.com/">Archived</a> 8 July 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Journal of the Air Force Assoc., August 2008.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/WCP/ChapterXIII.htm#p252">US ARMY History: <i>Control of Army Air Operations Overseas</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121010205723/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/WCP/ChapterXIII.htm#p252">Archived</a> 10 October 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in <i>Washington Command Post:The Operations Division</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. CMH Pub 1-2.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/wwii/WCP/enchApxB4.html">US ARMY History: <i>QUADRANT Conference</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historynet.com/ahi/bloperationmatterhorn/index.html">HistoryNET: <i>Operation Matterhorn</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060526120603/http://historynet.com/ahi/bloperationmatterhorn/index.html">Archived</a> 26 May 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050311211933/http://www.usaaf.net/ww2/hittinghome/hittinghomepg5.htm">USAAF: <i>Operation Matterhorn</i></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Air_Force" title="Template talk:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Air_Force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Air Force"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Air_Force" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Under Secretary of the Air Force">Under Secretary of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Staff_(United_States)" title="Air Staff (United States)">Air Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Vice Chief of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Director of Staff of the United States Air Force">Director of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Master_Sergeant_of_the_Air_Force" title="Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force">Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_four-star_generals" title="List of United States Air Force four-star generals">Four-star generals</a></li> <li>Three-star generals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lieutenant_generals_in_the_United_States_Air_Force_before_1960" title="List of lieutenant generals in the United States Air Force before 1960">1940–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2000_to_2009" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2000 to 2009">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_from_2010_to_2019" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals from 2010 to 2019">2010–2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_lieutenant_generals_since_2020" title="List of United States Air Force lieutenant generals since 2020">2020–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House Committee on Armed Services">House Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Tactical_Air_and_Land_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces">House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Committee on Armed Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Airland" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Airland">Senate Subcommittee on Airland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/80px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/120px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/160px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Structure of the United States Air Force">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Field_Operating_Agencies" title="List of United States Air Force Field Operating Agencies">Field Operating Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_installations" title="List of United States Air Force installations">Installations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Direct Reporting Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_District_of_Washington" title="Air Force District of Washington">District of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Operational_Test_and_Evaluation_Center" title="Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center">Operational Test and Evaluation Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">USAF Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">Major commands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Combat_Command" title="Air Combat Command">ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Education_and_Training_Command" title="Air Education and Training Command">AETC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Air Force Global Strike Command">AFGSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Materiel_Command" title="Air Force Materiel Command">AFMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">AFRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">AFSOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mobility_Command" title="Air Mobility Command">AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Air_Forces" title="Pacific Air Forces">PACAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_in_Europe_%E2%80%93_Air_Forces_Africa" title="United States Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa">USAFE–AFAFRICA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Numbered Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force" title="Ninth Air Force">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Expeditionary_Air_Force" title="Thirteenth Expeditionary Air Force">Thirteenth Expeditionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Air_Force" title="Fifteenth Air Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Air_Force" title="Sixteenth Air Force">Sixteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Air_Force" title="Eighteenth Air Force">Eighteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Air_Force" title="Nineteenth Air Force">Nineteenth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twentieth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-Second_Air_Force" title="Twenty-Second Air Force">Twenty-Second</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of wings of the United States Air Force">Wings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Groups" title="List of United States Air Force Groups">Groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_groups_and_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_National_Guard" title="List of groups and wings of the United States Air National Guard">ANG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force squadrons">Squadrons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_National_Guard_Squadrons" title="List of United States Air National Guard Squadrons">ANG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces_squadrons" title="List of United States Air Force Security Forces squadrons">Security Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_components_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces#Civilian_auxiliaries_distinguished" title="Reserve components of the United States Armed Forces">Civilian auxiliary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Air_Patrol" title="Civil Air Patrol">Civil Air Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel and<br /> training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_personnel" title="List of United States Air Force personnel">Personnel</a></li> <li>Rank <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy_Cadet_Insignia" title="United States Air Force Academy Cadet Insignia">cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia">enlisted</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Specialty Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force_aeronautical_rating" title="U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating">Aeronautical ratings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps">Judge Advocate General's Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Engineer_Deployable_Heavy_Operational_Repair_Squadron_Engineers" title="Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers">RED HORSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Security_Forces" title="United States Air Force Security Forces">Security Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">Medical Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Scientist_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force">Chief Scientist</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Training: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">Air Force Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Officer_Training_School" title="Air Force Officer Training School">Officer Training School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Officer_Training_Corps" title="Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps">Reserve Officer Training Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Basic_Military_Training" title="United States Air Force Basic Military Training">Basic Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman_Leadership_School" title="Airman Leadership School">Airman Leadership School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival,_Evasion,_Resistance_and_Escape" title="Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape">SERE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Fitness_Assessment" title="United States Air Force Fitness Assessment">Fitness Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms and<br /> equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Air Force">Awards and decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Badges of the United States Air Force">Badges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of equipment of the United States Air Force">Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Aircraft_inventory" title="United States Air Force">Aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Uniforms of the United States Air Force">Uniforms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History and<br /> traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="History of the United States Air Force">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Division,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps">Aeronautical Division</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aviation_Section,_U.S._Signal_Corps" title="Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps">Aviation Section</a> / <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Military_Aeronautics" title="Division of Military Aeronautics">Division of Military Aeronautics</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">Army Air Service</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">Army Air Corps</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">Army Air Forces</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_U.S._Air_Force_(song)" title="The U.S. Air Force (song)">The U.S. Air Force</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Band" title="United States Air Force Band">Air Force Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman%27s_Creed" title="Airman's Creed">Airman's Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force#Core_missions" title="United States Air Force">Core Values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Flag of the United States Air Force">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Symbol" title="United States Air Force Symbol">Symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Memorial" title="United States Air Force Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="National Museum of the United States Air Force">National Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_Airforce_Service_Pilots" title="Women Airforce Service Pilots">Women Airforce Service Pilots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One">Air Force One</a> / <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Two" title="Air Force Two">Air Force Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Honor_Guard" title="United States Air Force Honor Guard">Honor Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Thunderbirds" title="United States Air Force Thunderbirds">Thunderbirds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Service number (United States Air Force)">Service numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_%26_Space_Forces_Association" title="Air & Space Forces Association">Air & Space Forces Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Air_Force" title="Category:United States Air Force">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23px_Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command_(AFGSC)" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Template:Air Force Global Strike Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Template talk:Air Force Global Strike Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air Force 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(AFGSC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base" title="Barksdale Air Force Base">Barksdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_Air_Force_Base" title="Francis E. Warren Air Force Base">F. E. Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtland_Air_Force_Base" title="Kirtland Air Force Base">Kirtland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Malmstrom Air Force Base">Malmstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Force_Base" title="Minot Air Force Base">Minot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteman_Air_Force_Base" title="Whiteman Air Force Base">Whiteman</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Global Strike Command"><img alt="Emblem of Global Strike Command" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg/80px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg/120px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg/160px-Air_Force_Global_Strike_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="617" data-file-height="609" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth (Strategic)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twentieth (Strategic)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Air Base</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/377th_Air_Base_Wing" title="377th Air Base Wing">377th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Bomb_Wings_and_Wings_assigned_to_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of USAF Bomb Wings and Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command">Bomb</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Bomb_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Bomb Wing">2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Bomb_Wing" title="5th Bomb Wing">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Bomb_Wing" title="7th Bomb Wing">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Bomb_Wing" title="28th Bomb Wing">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Bomb_Wing" title="509th Bomb Wing">509th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Missile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/90th_Missile_Wing" title="90th Missile Wing">90th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Missile_Wing" title="91st Missile Wing">91st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Missile_Wing" title="341st Missile Wing">341st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Nuclear Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/498th_Nuclear_Systems_Wing" title="498th Nuclear Systems Wing">498th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Helicopter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/582d_Helicopter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="582d Helicopter Group">582d</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Operations Group">2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Operations_Group" title="5th Operations Group">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Operations_Group" title="7th Operations Group">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Operations_Group" title="28th Operations Group">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Operations_Group" title="90th Operations Group">90th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Operations_Group" title="91st Operations Group">91st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="341st Operations Group">341st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Operations_Group" title="509th Operations Group">509th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Squadrons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Bomb</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th_Bomb_Squadron" title="9th Bomb Squadron">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Bomb_Squadron" title="11th Bomb Squadron">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Bomb_Squadron" title="13th Bomb Squadron">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Bomb_Squadron" title="20th Bomb Squadron">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Bomb_Squadron" title="23rd Bomb Squadron">23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Bomb_Squadron" title="28th Bomb Squadron">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Bomb_Squadron" title="34th Bomb Squadron">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Bomb_Squadron" title="37th Bomb Squadron">37th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/69th_Bomb_Squadron" title="69th Bomb Squadron">69th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Bomb_Squadron" title="93rd Bomb Squadron">93rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Bomb_Squadron" title="96th Bomb Squadron">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/343d_Bomb_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="343d Bomb Squadron">343d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/393rd_Bomb_Squadron" title="393rd Bomb Squadron">393rd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Combat Training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/394th_Combat_Training_Squadron" title="394th Combat Training Squadron">394th</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Flight test</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/576th_Flight_Test_Squadron" title="576th Flight Test Squadron">576th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Missile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10th_Missile_Squadron" title="10th Missile Squadron">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Missile_Squadron" title="12th Missile Squadron">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/319th_Missile_Squadron" title="319th Missile Squadron">319th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Missile_Squadron" title="320th Missile Squadron">320th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Missile_Squadron" title="321st Missile Squadron">321st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/490th_Missile_Squadron" title="490th Missile Squadron">490th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/740th_Missile_Squadron" title="740th Missile Squadron">740th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/741st_Missile_Squadron" title="741st Missile Squadron">741st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/742d_Missile_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="742d Missile Squadron">742d</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Helicopter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/37th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="37th Helicopter Squadron">37th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="40th Helicopter Squadron">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Helicopter_Squadron" title="54th Helicopter Squadron">54th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Strategic Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/625th_Strategic_Operations_Squadron" title="625th Strategic Operations Squadron">625th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/436th_Training_Squadron" title="436th Training Squadron">436th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Weapon<br />systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Bombers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer">B-1B Lancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_B-2_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit">B-2 Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">B-52H Stratofortress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Command</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-6_Mercury" title="Boeing E-6 Mercury">E-6B Mercury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Helicopters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1N_Twin_Huey" title="Bell UH-1N Twin Huey">UH-1N Iroquois</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30G_Minuteman_III" class="mw-redirect" title="LGM-30G Minuteman III">LGM-30G Minuteman III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:right;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Kowalski" title="James Kowalski">Kowalski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Klotz" title="Frank Klotz">Klotz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_W._Wilson" title="Stephen W. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Rand" title="Robin Rand">Rand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Ray" title="Timothy Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_J._Cotton" title="Anthony J. Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Bussiere" title="Thomas A. 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth (Strategic)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg/80px-Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg/120px-Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg/160px-Air_Force_Space_Command_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="301" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems_Command" title="Space Systems Command">Space and Missile Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Training_and_Readiness_Command" title="Space Training and Readiness Command">Space Innovation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/614th_Air_Operations_Center" title="614th Air Operations Center">614th Air and Space Operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Bases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckley_Space_Force_Base" title="Buckley Space Force Base">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Air_Force_Base" title="Los Angeles Air Force Base">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Space_Force_Base" title="Patrick Space Force Base">Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterson_Space_Force_Base" title="Peterson Space Force Base">Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schriever_Space_Force_Base" title="Schriever Space Force Base">Schriever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pituffik_Space_Base" title="Pituffik Space Base">Thule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Cod Space Force Station">Cape Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_Space_Force_Station" title="Cavalier Space Force Station">Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheyenne_Mountain_Space_Force_Station" title="Cheyenne Mountain Space Force Station">Cheyenne Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Space_Force_Station" title="Clear Space Force Station">Clear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Air_Force_Station" title="Eldorado Air Force Station">Eldorado <small>(closed)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaena_Point_Space_Force_Station" title="Kaena Point Space Force Station">Kaena Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Boston_Space_Force_Station" title="New Boston Space Force Station">New Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onizuka_Air_Force_Station" title="Onizuka Air Force Station">Onizuka <small>(closed)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st_Space_Wing" title="21st Space Wing">21st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_Delta_30" title="Space Launch Delta 30">30th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_Delta_45" title="Space Launch Delta 45">45th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Space_Wing" title="50th Space Wing">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/310th_Space_Wing" title="310th Space Wing">310th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/460th_Space_Wing" title="460th Space Wing">460th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air Base groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Launch_Delta_45" title="Space Launch Delta 45">61st</a></li> <li>821st Air Base Group</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Squadrons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Command and Control</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Expeditionary_Space_Control_Squadron" title="1st Expeditionary Space Control Squadron">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2d_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="2d Command and Control Squadron">2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="3rd Command and Control Squadron">3d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/153d_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="153d Command and Control Squadron">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Mobile_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="55th Mobile Command and Control Squadron">55th Mobile</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/119th_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="119th Command and Control Squadron">119th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/153d_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="153d Command and Control Squadron">153d</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/222d_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="222d Command and Control Squadron">222d</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/153d_Command_and_Control_Squadron" title="153d Command and Control Squadron">721st Mobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space Control</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Expeditionary_Space_Control_Squadron" title="1st Expeditionary Space Control Squadron">1st</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/4th_Electromagnetic_Warfare_Squadron" title="4th Electromagnetic Warfare Squadron">4th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/16th_Electromagnetic_Warfare_Squadron" title="16th Electromagnetic Warfare Squadron">16th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/20th_Space_Surveillance_Squadron" title="20th Space Surveillance Squadron">20th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/25th_Space_Range_Squadron" title="25th Space Range Squadron">25th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/76th_Space_Control_Squadron" title="76th Space Control Squadron">76th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/380th_Electromagnetic_Warfare_Squadron" title="380th Electromagnetic Warfare Squadron">380th</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space Launch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Space_Launch_Squadron" title="1st Space Launch Squadron">1st</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Space_Launch_Squadron" title="2nd Space Launch Squadron">2nd</a></b></li> <li><b>3d Space Launch Squadron</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/4th_Space_Launch_Squadron" title="4th Space Launch Squadron">4th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/5th_Space_Launch_Squadron" title="5th Space Launch Squadron">5th</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="1st Space Operations Squadron">1st</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Space_Operations_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Space Operations Squadron">2nd</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="3rd Space Operations Squadron">3rd</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/4th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="4th Space Operations Squadron">4th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Expeditionary_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="5th Expeditionary Space Operations Squadron">5th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/6th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="6th Space Operations Squadron">6th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="7th Space Operations Squadron">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="8th Space Warning Squadron">8th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/9th_Combat_Operations_Squadron" title="9th Combat Operations Squadron">9th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="19th Space Operations Squadron">19th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/21st_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="21st Space Operations Squadron">21st</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/22nd_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="22nd Space Operations Squadron">22d</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/23rd_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="23rd Space Operations Squadron">23d</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/111th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="111th Space Operations Squadron">111th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/148th_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="148th Space Operations Squadron">148th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Space_Command_Space_Operations_Squadron" title="Air Force Space Command Space Operations Squadron">AFSPC</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Space Warning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="2nd Space Warning Squadron">2nd</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="4th Space Warning Squadron">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="5th Space Warning Squadron">5th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/6th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="6th Space Warning Squadron">6th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/7th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="7th Space Warning Squadron">7th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="8th Space Warning Squadron">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="9th Space Warning Squadron">9th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/10th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="10th Space Warning Squadron">10th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/11th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="11th Space Warning Squadron">11th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="12th Space Warning Squadron">12th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/13th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="13th Space Warning Squadron">13th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/233rd_Space_Group" title="233rd Space Group">137th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/213th_Space_Warning_Squadron" title="213th Space Warning Squadron">213th</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><span class="nobold">Others</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/26th_Space_Aggressor_Squadron" title="26th Space Aggressor Squadron">26th Space Aggressor (AFRC)</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/527th_Space_Aggressor_Squadron" title="527th Space Aggressor Squadron">527th Space Aggressor (ACC)</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3d_Space_Communications_Squadron" title="3d Space Communications Squadron">3d Space Communications</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/69th_Cyberspace_Squadron" title="69th Cyberspace Squadron">50th Space Communications</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/850th_Space_Communications_Squadron" title="850th Space Communications Squadron">850th Space Communications</a></li> <li>1st Space Development Squadron</li> <li>2d Space Development Squadron</li> <li>3d Space Development Squadron</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Test_and_Evaluation_Squadron" title="3rd Test and Evaluation Squadron">3rd Space Experimentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Space_Surveillance_Squadron" title="1st Space Surveillance Squadron">1st Space Surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Test_and_Evaluation_Squadron" title="3rd Test and Evaluation Squadron">3d Space Surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Electromagnetic_Warfare_Squadron" title="5th Electromagnetic Warfare Squadron">5th Space Surveillance</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Test_and_Evaluation_Squadron" title="1st Test and Evaluation Squadron">1st Air and Space Test</a></b></li> <li>2d Test Operations Squadron</li> <li>3d Space Test Squadron</li> <li>4th Space Test Squadron</li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Space_Weather_Squadron" title="55th Space Weather Squadron">55th Space Weather</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23px&#124;alt=_Strategic_Air_Command_(SAC)" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Template:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Template talk:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Strategic_Air_Command" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Strategic Air Command"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px&#124;alt=_Strategic_Air_Command_(SAC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/23px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/35px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/46px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="618" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command" title="Strategic Air Command">Strategic Air Command</a> (SAC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Strategic_Air_Command_bases" title="List of Strategic Air Command bases">Bases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">active<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">MAJCOM</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States#CONUS_and_OCONUS" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altus_Air_Force_Base" title="Altus Air Force Base">Altus</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andersen_Air_Force_Base" title="Andersen Air Force Base">Andersen</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrews_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrews Field">Andrews</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base" title="Barksdale Air Force Base">Barksdale</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beale_Air_Force_Base" title="Beale Air Force Base">Beale</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolling_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolling Field">Bolling</a> (AFDW)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_Air_Force_Base" title="Cannon Air Force Base">Cannon</a> (AFSOC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Cod Space Force Station">Cape Cod</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Air_Force_Base" title="Columbus Air Force Base">Columbus</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davis%E2%80%93Monthan_Air_Force_Base" title="Davis–Monthan Air Force Base">Davis-Monthan</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyess_Air_Force_Base" title="Dyess Air Force Base">Dyess</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eielson_Air_Force_Base" title="Eielson Air Force Base">Eielson</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellsworth_Air_Force_Base" title="Ellsworth Air Force Base">Ellsworth</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eglin_Air_Force_Base" title="Eglin Air Force Base">Eglin</a> (AFMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._Warren_Air_Force_Base" title="Francis E. Warren Air Force Base">F. E. Warren</a> (AFGSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Air_Force_Base" title="Fairchild Air Force Base">Fairchild</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbes_Field_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes Field Air National Guard Base">Forbes</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Air_Force_Base" title="Grand Forks Air Force Base">Grand Forks</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grissom_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Grissom Air Reserve Base">Grissom</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Homestead Air Reserve Base">Homestead</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Air_National_Guard_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Air National Guard Base">Lincoln</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Air_Force_Base" title="Little Rock Air Force Base">Little Rock</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">MacDill</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Malmstrom Air Force Base">Malmstrom</a> (AFGSC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_Air_Reserve_Base" title="March Air Reserve Base">March</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McChord_Field" title="McChord Field">McChord</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McConnell_Air_Force_Base" title="McConnell Air Force Base">McConnell</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGuire_Air_Force_Base" title="McGuire Air Force Base">McGuire</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minot_Air_Force_Base" title="Minot Air Force Base">Minot</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Home_Air_Force_Base" title="Mountain Home Air Force Base">Mountain Home</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nellis_Air_Force_Base" title="Nellis Air Force Base">Nellis</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offutt_Air_Force_Base" title="Offutt Air Force Base">Offutt</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Space_Force_Base" title="Patrick Space Force Base">Patrick</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pease_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Pease Air National Guard Base">Pease</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickenbacker_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base">Rickenbacker</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robins_Air_Force_Base" title="Robins Air Force Base">Robins</a> (AFMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Johnson_Air_Force_Base" title="Seymour Johnson Air Force Base">Seymour Johnson</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheppard_Air_Force_Base" title="Sheppard Air Force Base">Sheppard</a> (AETC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Selfridge Air National Guard Base">Selfridge</a> (ANG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Air_Force_Base" title="Travis Air Force Base">Travis</a> (AMC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg</a> (USSF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westover_Air_Reserve_Base" title="Westover Air Reserve Base">Westover</a> (AFRC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteman_Air_Force_Base" title="Whiteman Air Force Base">Whiteman</a> (ACC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright-Patterson_Air_Force_Base" title="Wright-Patterson Air Force Base">Wright-Patterson</a> (AFMC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Alconbury" title="RAF Alconbury">RAF Alconbury</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Support_Facility_Diego_Garcia" title="Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia">Diego Garcia</a> (USN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadena_Air_Base" title="Kadena Air Base">Kadena</a> (PACAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Fairford" title="RAF Fairford">RAF Fairford</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Lakenheath" title="RAF Lakenheath">RAF Lakenheath</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Mildenhall" title="RAF Mildenhall">RAF Mildenhall</a> (USAFE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thule_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Thule Air Base">Thule</a> (USSF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">former /<br />inactive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States#CONUS_and_OCONUS" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarillo Air Force Base">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergstrom_Air_Force_Base" title="Bergstrom Air Force Base">Bergstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biggs_Army_Airfield" title="Biggs Army Airfield">Biggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calumet_Air_Force_Station" title="Calumet Air Force Station">Calumet Air Force Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Joint_Reserve_Base_Fort_Worth" title="Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth">Carswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_Air_Force_Base" title="Castle Air Force Base">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chennault_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennault Air Force Base">Chennault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton-Sherman_Air_Force_Base" title="Clinton-Sherman Air Force Base">Clinton-Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Bangor Air National Guard Base">Dow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaker_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Eaker Air Force Base">Eaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Air_Force_Base" title="Glasgow Air Force Base">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Island_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Island Army Airfield">Grand Island</a> (AAF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffiss_Air_Force_Base" title="Griffiss Air Force Base">Griffiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Army_Airfield" title="Hunter Army Airfield">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._I._Sawyer_Air_Force_Base" title="K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base">K. I. Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearney_Air_Force_Base" title="Kearney Air Force Base">Kearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kincheloe_Air_Force_Base" title="Kincheloe Air Force Base">Kincheloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larson_Air_Force_Base" title="Larson Air Force Base">Larson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loring_Air_Force_Base" title="Loring Air Force Base">Loring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowry_Air_Force_Base" title="Lowry Air Force Base">Lowry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_Air_Force_Base" title="Mather Air Force Base">Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCoy_Air_Force_Base" title="McCoy Air Force Base">McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plattsburgh_Air_Force_Base" title="Plattsburgh Air Force Base">Plattsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presque_Isle_Air_Force_Base" title="Presque Isle Air Force Base">Presque Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramey_Air_Force_Base" title="Ramey Air Force Base">Ramey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R.I._Bong_Air_Force_Base" title="R.I. Bong Air Force Base">R.I. Bong</a> (unbuilt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schilling_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Schilling Air Force Base">Schilling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stead_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Stead Air Force Base">Stead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turner_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Air Force Base">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walker_Air_Force_Base" title="Walker Air Force Base">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wurtsmith_Air_Force_Base" title="Wurtsmith Air Force Base">Wurtsmith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Strategic Air Command in the United Kingdom">Strategic Air Command in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Bassingbourn" title="RAF Bassingbourn">RAF Bassingbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Guerir_Air_Base" title="Ben Guerir Air Base">Ben Guerir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulhaut_Air_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulhaut Air Base (page does not exist)">Boulhaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Brize_Norton" title="RAF Brize Norton">RAF Brize Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruntingthorpe_Aerodrome" title="Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome">RAF Bruntingthorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Burtonwood" title="RAF Burtonwood">RAF Burtonwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Chelveston" title="RAF Chelveston">RAF Chelveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Greenham_Common" title="RAF Greenham Common">RAF Greenham Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_Goose_Bay" title="CFB Goose Bay">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Harmon_Air_Force_Base" title="Ernest Harmon Air Force Base">Ernest Harmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_High_Wycombe" title="RAF High Wycombe">RAF High Wycombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Upper_Heyford" title="RAF Upper Heyford">RAF Upper Heyford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torrej%C3%B3n_Air_Base" title="Torrejón Air Base">Torrejón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Manston" title="RAF Manston">RAF Manston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mor%C3%B3n_Air_Base" title="Morón Air Base">Morón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouasseur_Air_Base" title="Nouasseur Air Base">Nouasseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabat%E2%80%93Sal%C3%A9_Airport" title="Rabat–Salé Airport">Rabat-Salé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Scampton" title="RAF Scampton">RAF Scampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculthorpe_Training_Area" title="Sculthorpe Training Area">RAF Sculthorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Slimane_Air_Base" title="Sidi Slimane Air Base">Sidi Slimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_South_Ruislip" title="RAF South Ruislip">RAF South Ruislip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-Tapao_Royal_Thai_Navy_Airfield" title="U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield">U-Tapao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Waddington" title="RAF Waddington">RAF Waddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Woodbridge" title="RAF Woodbridge">RAF Woodbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAF_Wyton" title="RAF Wyton">RAF Wyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza_Airport" title="Zaragoza Airport">Zaragoza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Strategic Air Command"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/100px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/150px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png/200px-Shield_Strategic_Air_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Numbered_Air_Force" title="Numbered Air Force">Air Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Air_Expeditionary_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="16th Air Expeditionary Task Force">Sixteenth Air Force</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twentieth Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="3d Air Division">3d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Air_Division" title="4th Air Division">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Air_Division" title="5th Air Division">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_Division" title="6th Air Division">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Air_Division" title="7th Air Division">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Air_Division" title="12th Air Division">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Air_Division" title="14th Air Division">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Air_Division" title="17th Air Division">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Air_Division" title="19th Air Division">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Air_Division" title="21st Air Division">21st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/36th_Air_Division" title="36th Air Division">36th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Division" title="40th Air Division">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Air Division">42d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_Air_Division" title="45th Air Division">45th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Air_Division" title="47th Air Division">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Air_Division" title="57th Air Division">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/311th_Air_Division" title="311th Air Division">311th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/801st_Air_Division" title="801st Air Division">801st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802d_Air_Division" title="802d Air Division">802d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/806th_Air_Division" title="806th Air Division">806th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/817th_Air_Division" title="817th Air Division">817th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/822d_Air_Division" title="822d Air Division">822d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/823d_Air_Division" title="823d Air Division">823d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4310th_Air_Division" title="4310th Air Division">4310th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Strategic<br />aerospace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="1st Strategic Aerospace Division">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="18th Strategic Aerospace Division">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22d_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Strategic Aerospace Division">22d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="810th Strategic Aerospace Division">810th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/813th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="813th Strategic Aerospace Division">813th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/816th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="816th Strategic Aerospace Division">816th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/818th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="818th Strategic Aerospace Division">818th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/819th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="819th Strategic Aerospace Division">819th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/820th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="820th Strategic Aerospace Division">820th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/821st_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="821st Strategic Aerospace Division">821st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/825th_Strategic_Aerospace_Division" title="825th Strategic Aerospace Division">825th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Strategic missile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/13th_Strategic_Missile_Division" title="13th Strategic Missile Division">13th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_wings" title="Strategic Air Command wings">Wings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Bomb_Wings_and_Wings_assigned_to_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of USAF Bomb Wings and Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command">Bombardment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Bomb_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Bomb Wing">2d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Bomb_Wing" title="5th Bomb Wing">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Bomb_Wing" title="7th Bomb Wing">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Reconnaissance_Wing" title="9th Reconnaissance Wing">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Training_Wing" title="17th Training Wing">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Airlift_Wing" title="19th Airlift Wing">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="22d Air Refueling Wing">22d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Bomb_Wing" title="28th Bomb Wing">28th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="39th Bombardment Wing">39th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="40th Bombardment Wing">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42d_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="42d Air Base Wing">42d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="43d Airlift Wing">43d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53d_Electronic_Warfare_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="53d Electronic Warfare Group">68th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Intelligence,_Surveillance_and_Reconnaissance_Wing" title="70th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing">70th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72d_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="72d Air Base Wing">72d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92d_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="92d Air Refueling Wing">92d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93d_Air_Ground_Operations_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="93d Air Ground Operations Wing">93d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Air_Base_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="96th Air Base Wing">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Air_Mobility_Wing" title="97th Air Mobility Wing">97th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99th_Air_Base_Wing" title="99th Air Base Wing">99th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/303d_Aeronautical_Systems_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="303d Aeronautical Systems Wing">303d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/319th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="319th Air Refueling Wing">319th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/320th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="320th Air Expeditionary Wing">320th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/340th_Flying_Training_Group" title="340th Flying Training Group">340th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/379th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="379th Air Expeditionary Wing">379th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/380th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="380th Air Expeditionary Wing">380th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/397th_Bombardment_Wing" title="397th Bombardment Wing">397th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/410th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="410th Air Expeditionary Wing">410th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/416th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="416th Bombardment Wing">416th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/449th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="449th Air Expeditionary Group">449th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450th_Bombardment_Wing" title="450th Bombardment Wing">450th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/454th_Bombardment_Wing" title="454th Bombardment Wing">454th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/456th_Bombardment_Wing" title="456th Bombardment Wing">456th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/461st_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="461st Bombardment Wing">461st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/465th_Bombardment_Wing" title="465th Bombardment Wing">465th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/484th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="484th Air Expeditionary Wing">484th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/494th_Bombardment_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="494th Bombardment Wing">494th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Bomb_Wing" title="509th Bomb Wing">509th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Fighter_Wings_assigned_to_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of USAF Fighter Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command">Fighter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Fighter_Wing" title="1st Fighter Wing">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Fighter_Wing" title="4th Fighter Wing">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="12th Flying Training Wing">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="27th Special Operations Wing">27th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Fighter_Wing" title="31st Fighter Wing">31st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33d_Fighter_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="33d Fighter Wing">33d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56th_Fighter_Wing" title="56th Fighter Wing">56th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71st_Flying_Training_Wing" title="71st Flying Training Wing">71st Strategic Reconnaissance (Fighter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/82d_Training_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="82d Training Wing">82d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/407th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="407th Air Expeditionary Group">407th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/506th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="506th Air Expeditionary Group">506th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/508th_Aerospace_Sustainment_Wing" title="508th Aerospace Sustainment Wing">508th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missile_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of missile wings of the United States Air Force">Missile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/44th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Strategic Missile Wing">44th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Missile_Wing" title="90th Missile Wing">90th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/91st_Missile_Wing" title="91st Missile Wing">91st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/308th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="308th Strategic Missile Wing">308th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/321st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="321st Strategic Missile Wing">321st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/341st_Missile_Wing" title="341st Missile Wing">341st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/351st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="351st Strategic Missile Wing">351st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/381st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="381st Strategic Missile Wing">381st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/389th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="389th Strategic Missile Wing">389th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/390th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="390th Strategic Missile Wing">390th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/392d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="392d Strategic Missile Wing">392d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/451st_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="451st Strategic Missile Wing">451st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/455th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="455th Air Expeditionary Wing">455th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/702d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="702d Strategic Missile Wing">702d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/703d_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="703d Strategic Missile Wing">703d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/404th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="404th Air Expeditionary Group">704th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/705th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" title="705th Strategic Missile Wing">705th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/706th_Strategic_Missile_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="706th Strategic Missile Wing">706th</a></li> <li>4320th Strategic Wing (Missile)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_Mobility_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Air Mobility Wing">6th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Tactical_Reconnaissance_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="26th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing">26th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Wing" title="55th Wing">55th Strategic Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/544th_Intelligence,_Surveillance_and_Reconnaissance_Group" title="544th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group">544th Aerospace Reconnaissance Technical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_air_refueling_wings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Air Force air refueling wings">Refueling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="11th Air Refueling Wing">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">100th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="301st Air Refueling Wing">301st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/305th_Air_Mobility_Wing" title="305th Air Mobility Wing">305th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/384th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="384th Air Refueling Wing">384th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/452d_Air_Mobility_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="452d Air Mobility Wing">452d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/497th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="497th Air Refueling Wing">497th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/499th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="499th Air Refueling Wing">499th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="500th Air Refueling Wing">500th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_USAF_Strategic_Wings_assigned_to_the_Strategic_Air_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="List of USAF Strategic Wings assigned to the Strategic Air Command">Strategic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Aerospace</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/310th_Space_Wing" title="310th Space Wing">310th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/385th_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="385th Strategic Aerospace Wing">385th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/462d_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="462d Strategic Aerospace Wing">462d</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">AFCON</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/95th_Air_Base_Wing" title="95th Air Base Wing">95th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/98th_Range_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="98th Range Wing">98th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/306th_Strategic_Wing" title="306th Strategic Wing">306th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/307th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="307th Strategic Wing">307th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/376th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="376th Air Expeditionary Wing">376th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MAJCOM_wings_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of MAJCOM wings of the United States Air Force">MAJCOM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3918th_Strategic_Wing" title="3918th Strategic Wing">3918th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3920th_Strategic_Wing" title="3920th Strategic Wing">3920th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43d_Airlift_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="43d Airlift Wing">3960th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3970th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="3970th Strategic Wing">3970th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3973d_Strategic_Wing" title="3973d Strategic Wing">3973d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4026th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4026th Strategic Wing">4026th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4038th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4038th Strategic Wing">4038th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4039th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4039th Strategic Wing">4039th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4042d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4042d Strategic Wing">4042d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4043d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4043d Strategic Wing">4043d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4047th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4047th Strategic Wing">4047th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="100th Air Refueling Wing">4080th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4081st_Strategic_Wing" title="4081st Strategic Wing">4081st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4082d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4082d Strategic Wing">4082d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4083d_Strategic_Wing" title="4083d Strategic Wing">4083d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4123d_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4123d Strategic Wing">4123d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4126th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4126th Strategic Wing">4126th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4138th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4138th Strategic Wing">4128th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4130th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4130th Strategic Wing">4130th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4133rd_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4133rd Strategic Wing">4133d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4134th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4134th Strategic Wing">4134th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4135th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4135th Strategic Wing">4135th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4136th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4136th Strategic Wing">4136th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4137th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4137th Strategic Wing">4137th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4138th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4138th Strategic Wing">4138th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4141st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4141st Strategic Wing">4141st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4157th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4157th Strategic Wing">4157th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4158th_Strategic_Wing" title="4158th Strategic Wing">4158th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4170th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4170th Strategic Wing">4170th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4228th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4228th Strategic Wing">4228th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4238th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4238th Strategic Wing">4238th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4239th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4239th Strategic Wing">4239th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4241st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4241st Strategic Wing">4241st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4245th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4245th Strategic Wing">4245th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/376th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="376th Strategic Wing">4252nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4258th_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4258th Strategic Wing">4258th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4321st_Strategic_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="4321st Strategic Wing">4321st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">USAAF<br />Groups<br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><big>*</big>= initial assigned<br />unit upon SAC's<br />activation</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="2d Operations Group">2d</a> (7/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Operations_Group" title="7th Operations Group">7th</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Operations_Group" title="28th Operations Group">28th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="40th Air Expeditionary Wing">40th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="43rd Operations Group">43rd</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Operations Group">44th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Operations_Group" title="92nd Operations Group">92nd</a> (10/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/93d_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="93d Operations Group">93d</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/97th_Operations_Group" title="97th Operations Group">97th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/98th_Operations_Group" title="98th Operations Group">98th</a> (7/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Operations_Group" title="301st Operations Group">301st</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/307th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="307th Bombardment Group">307th</a> (8/46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/444th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="444th Bombardment Group">444th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/448th_Fighter-Bomber_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="448th Fighter-Bomber Group">448th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/449th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="449th Air Expeditionary Group">449th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/467th_Bombardment_Group" title="467th Bombardment Group">467th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/485th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="485th Air Expeditionary Wing">485th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/498th_Tactical_Missile_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="498th Tactical Missile Group">498th</a> (3/46*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Composite_Group" title="509th Composite Group">509th Composite</a> (3/46*)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Group" title="27th Special Operations Group">27th</a> (6/47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Operations_Group" title="55th Operations Group">55th</a> (2/47)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Reconnaissance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/91st_Operations_Group" title="91st Operations Group">91st Strategic Reconnaissance</a> (1/47)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Equipment_of_Strategic_Air_Command" title="Equipment of Strategic Air Command">Major<br />weapon<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Bomber_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Bomber aircraft">Bombers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_B-1_Lancer" title="Rockwell B-1 Lancer">Rockwell B-1 Lancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_B-2_Spirit" class="mw-redirect" title="Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit">Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing B-29 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_B-36_Peacemaker" title="Convair B-36 Peacemaker">Convair B-36 Peacemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_B-45_Tornado" title="North American B-45 Tornado">North American B-45 Tornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-47_Stratojet" title="Boeing B-47 Stratojet">Boeing B-47 Stratojet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-50_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-50 Superfortress">Boeing B-50 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-52_Stratofortress" title="Boeing B-52 Stratofortress">Boeing B-52 Stratofortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_B-58_Hustler" title="Convair B-58 Hustler">Convair B-58 Hustler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">Command<br />& Control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_DC-130" title="Lockheed DC-130">Lockheed DC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_E-4" title="Boeing E-4">Boeing E-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_EC-135" title="Boeing EC-135">Boeing EC-135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_RC-135" title="Boeing RC-135">Boeing RC-135</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Fighters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">North American F-2 Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">North American F-82 Twin Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_F-84F_Thunderstreak" title="Republic F-84F Thunderstreak">Republic F-84F Thunderstreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">North American F-86 Sabre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">Convair F-102 Delta Dagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-111_Aardvark" title="General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark">General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center">Missiles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADM-20_Quail" title="ADM-20 Quail">ADM-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-28_Hound_Dog" title="AGM-28 Hound Dog">AGM-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-69_SRAM" title="AGM-69 SRAM">AGM-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-84_Harpoon" class="mw-redirect" title="AGM-84 Harpoon">AGM-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-86_ALCM" title="AGM-86 ALCM">AGM-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGM-129_ACM" title="AGM-129 ACM">AGM-129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-65_Atlas" title="SM-65 Atlas">HGM-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30A/B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">LGM-30G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGM-118_Peacekeeper" title="LGM-118 Peacekeeper">LGM-118A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM-62_Snark" title="SM-62 Snark">SM-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-17_Thor" title="PGM-17 Thor">PGM-17A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">PGM-19A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_reconnaissance" title="Aerial reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_SR-71_Blackbird" title="Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird">Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2#U-2R/S_details" title="Lockheed U-2">Lockheed TR-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_U-2" title="Lockheed U-2">Lockheed U-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_RB-57D_Canberra" title="Martin RB-57D Canberra">Martin RB-57D Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-17_Flying_Fortress" title="Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress">Boeing RB-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-29 Superfortress">Boeing RB-29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">Tankers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KB-29_Superfortress" title="Boeing KB-29 Superfortress">Boeing KB-29 Superfortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_B-50_Superfortress" title="Boeing B-50 Superfortress">Boeing KB-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonnell_Douglas_KC-10_Extender" title="McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender">McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-97_Stratofreighter" title="Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter">Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_HC-130" title="Lockheed HC-130">Lockheed HC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_KC-130" title="Lockheed Martin KC-130">Lockheed Martin KC-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_KC-135_Stratotanker" title="Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker">Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beechcraft_Model_18" title="Beechcraft Model 18">Beechcraft C-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47_Skytrain" title="Douglas C-47 Skytrain">Douglas C-47 Skytrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-54_Skymaster" title="Douglas C-54 Skymaster">Douglas C-54 Skymaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_C-82_Packet" title="Fairchild C-82 Packet">Fairchild C-82 Packet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-97_Stratofreighter" title="Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter">Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">Douglas C-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_C-119_Flying_Boxcar" title="Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar">Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-124_Globemaster_II" title="Douglas C-124 Globemaster II">Douglas C-124 Globemaster II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convair_C-131_Samaritan" title="Convair C-131 Samaritan">Convair C-131 Samaritan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_C-135_Stratolifter" title="Boeing C-135 Stratolifter">Boeing C-135 Stratolifter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Strategic_Air_Command" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Strategic Air Command">Commanders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Kenney" title="George Kenney">George Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_LeMay" title="Curtis LeMay">Curtis LeMay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Power" title="Thomas S. Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dale_Ryan" title="John Dale Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Nazzaro" title="Joseph J. Nazzaro">Joseph J. Nazzaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_K._Holloway" title="Bruce K. Holloway">Bruce K. Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Meyer" title="John C. Meyer">John C. Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_E._Dougherty" title="Russell E. Dougherty">Russell E. Dougherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Ellis" title="Richard H. Ellis">Richard H. Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennie_L._Davis" title="Bennie L. Davis">Bennie L. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_D._Welch" title="Larry D. Welch">Larry D. Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_T._Chain,_Jr,&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John T. Chain, Jr, (page does not exist)">John T. Chain, Jr,</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lee_Butler" title="George Lee Butler">George Lee Butler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center; background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Emblems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Air_Command_Emblems" class="extiw" title="commons:Strategic Air Command Emblems">Strategic Air Command Emblem Gallery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="United States military aircraft designation systems">United States military aircraft designation systems</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="20px_USAAF_Twentieth_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USAAF_20th_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template:USAAF 20th Air Force World War II"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USAAF_20th_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Template talk:USAAF 20th Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF_20th_Air_Force_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USAAF 20th Air Force World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px_USAAF_Twentieth_Air_Force_in_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/20px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/30px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/40px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">USAAF</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twentieth Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Airfields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinjin_Airport" title="Xinjin Airport">Hsinching Airfield</a> (A-1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Shuangliu_International_Airport" title="Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport">Kwanghan Airfield</a> (A-3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qionglai_Air_Base" title="Qionglai Air Base">Kuinglai Airfield</a> (A-5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pengshan_Air_Base" title="Pengshan Air Base">Pengshan Airfield</a> (A-7)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chakulia_Airport" title="Chakulia Airport">Chakulia Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhkundi_Airfield" title="Dudhkundi Airfield">Dudhkundi Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piardoba_Airfield" title="Piardoba Airfield">Piardoba Airfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaikunda_Air_Force_Station" title="Kalaikunda Air Force Station">Kalaikunda Airfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Ceylon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Bay_Airport" title="China Bay Airport">RAF China Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Marianas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harmon_Air_Force_Base" title="Harmon Air Force Base">Harmon Airfield (Guam)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Isely Airfield (Saipan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andersen_Air_Force_Base" title="Andersen Air Force Base">North Airfield (Guam)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Field_(Tinian)" title="North Field (Tinian)">North Airfield (Tinian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Field_(Guam)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest Field (Guam)">Northwest Airfield (Guam)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian_International_Airport" title="Tinian International Airport">West Airfield (Tinian)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/80px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/120px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png/160px-Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_%28World_War_II%29.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/46th_Fighter_Wing_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="46th Fighter Wing (World War II)">VII Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XX_Bomber_Command" title="XX Bomber Command">XX Bomber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXI_Bomber_Command" title="XXI Bomber Command">XXI Bomber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Wings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/58th_Air_Division" title="58th Air Division">58th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/73d_Air_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="73d Air Division">73d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/313th_Air_Division" title="313th Air Division">313th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/314th_Air_Division" title="314th Air Division">314th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/315th_Air_Division" title="315th Air Division">315th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Fighter_Wing" title="301st Fighter Wing">301st Fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Bombardment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Operations_Group" title="6th Operations Group">6th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Operations_Group" title="9th Operations Group">9th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="16th Air Expeditionary Wing">16th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Operations_Group" title="19th Operations Group">19th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_Flying_Training_Wing" title="29th Flying Training Wing">29th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_Air_Base_Wing" title="39th Air Base Wing">39th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Air_Expeditionary_Wing" title="40th Air Expeditionary Wing">40th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/330th_Bombardment_Group_(VH)" title="330th Bombardment Group (VH)">330th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/331st_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="331st Bombardment Group">331st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/444th_Bombardment_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="444th Bombardment Group">444th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/462d_Strategic_Aerospace_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="462d Strategic Aerospace Wing">462d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/468th_Bombardment_Group" title="468th Bombardment Group">468th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/497th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="497th Air Refueling Wing">497th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/498th_Tactical_Missile_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="498th Tactical Missile Group">498th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/499th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="499th Air Refueling Wing">499th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500th_Air_Refueling_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="500th Air Refueling Wing">500th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/501st_Combat_Support_Wing" title="501st Combat Support Wing">501st Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/502d_Bombardment_Group" title="502d Bombardment Group">502d Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/504th_Bombardment_Group" title="504th Bombardment Group">504th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/505th_Bombardment_Group" title="505th Bombardment Group">505th Bombardment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/509th_Composite_Group" title="509th Composite Group">509th Composite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;">Fighter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th_Operations_Group" title="15th Operations Group">15th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Operations Group">21st Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/413th_Flight_Test_Group" title="413th Flight Test Group">413th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/414th_Fighter_Group" title="414th Fighter Group">414th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/506th_Air_Expeditionary_Group" title="506th Air Expeditionary Group">506th Fighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/507th_Air_Refueling_Wing" title="507th Air Refueling Wing">507th Fighter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b>United States Army Air Forces</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air_Force" title="First Air Force">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Air_Force" title="Second Air Force">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Air_Force" title="Third Air Force">Third</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Air_Force" title="Fourth Air Force">Fourth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Air_Force" title="Fifth Air Force">Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Forces_Southern_Command" title="United States Air Forces Southern Command">Sixth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Air_Force" title="Seventh Air Force">Seventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Air_Force" title="Eighth Air Force">Eighth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Air_Force_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninth Air Force (World War II)">Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Air_Force" title="Tenth Air Force">Tenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Air_Force" title="Eleventh Air Force">Eleventh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Air_Force" title="Twelfth Air Force">Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteenth Air Force">Thirteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Air_Force" title="Fourteenth Air Force">Fourteenth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Expeditionary_Mobility_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="15th Expeditionary Mobility Task Force">Fifteenth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Twentieth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&oldid=1243082283">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Twentieth_Air_Force&oldid=1243082283</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Numbered_air_forces_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" 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