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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_associations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_associations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Professional associations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_associations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Corporate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Corporate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Federal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Medical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Physics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Museum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Correctional_institution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Correctional_institution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Correctional institution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Correctional_institution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-News_and_hemeroteca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News_and_hemeroteca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>News and hemeroteca</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News_and_hemeroteca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performing_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performing_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Performing arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Performing_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theological" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theological"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Theological</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theological-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Additional reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_especialitzada" title="Biblioteca especialitzada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca especialitzada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specializovan%C3%A1_knihovna" title="Specializovaná knihovna – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Specializovaná knihovna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fachbibliothek" title="Fachbibliothek – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fachbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7" title="Ειδική βιβλιοθήκη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ειδική βιβλιοθήκη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_especializada" title="Biblioteca especializada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca especializada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%B5%DB%8C" title="کتابخانه تخصصی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه تخصصی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_sp%C3%A9cialis%C3%A9e" title="Bibliothèque spécialisée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque spécialisée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%AC%B8%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="전문도서관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전문도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Khusus" title="Perpustakaan Khusus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perpustakaan Khusus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%82%E9%96%80%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="専門図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="専門図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxsus_kutubxona" title="Maxsus kutubxona – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Maxsus kutubxona" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_especializada" title="Biblioteca especializada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca especializada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Специализированная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Специализированная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="විශේෂ පුස්තකාලය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විශේෂ පුස්තකාලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Специјална библиотека – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Специјална библиотека" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikoiskirjasto" title="Erikoiskirjasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Erikoiskirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specialbibliotek" title="Specialbibliotek – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Specialbibliotek" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சிறப்பு நூலகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிறப்பு நூலகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_chuy%C3%AAn_ng%C3%A0nh" title="Thư viện chuyên ngành – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thư viện chuyên ngành" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E9%96%80%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="專門圖書館 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="專門圖書館" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q385994#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Library providing resources on a particular topic or discipline</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Special_library" title="Special:EditPage/Special library">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Special+library%22">"Special library"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Special+library%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Special+library%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Special+library%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Special+library%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Special+library%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fee.library.tour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Fee.library.tour.jpg/220px-Fee.library.tour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Fee.library.tour.jpg/330px-Fee.library.tour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Fee.library.tour.jpg/440px-Fee.library.tour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2444" data-file-height="1732" /></a><figcaption>A group touring the <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_organization" title="Nonprofit organization">nonprofit</a> 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_science" title="Library and information science">Library and information science</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:LIS_SidebarPicture.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LIS_SidebarPicture.png/250px-LIS_SidebarPicture.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LIS_SidebarPicture.png/375px-LIS_SidebarPicture.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LIS_SidebarPicture.png/500px-LIS_SidebarPicture.png 2x" data-file-width="2544" data-file-height="1644" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="padding-bottom:0.35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_library_and_information_science" title="Outline of library and information science">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_library_and_information_science" title="Glossary of library and information science">Glossary</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddddff; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Histories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/History_of_libraries" title="History of libraries">Libraries</a> - <a href="/wiki/Information_history" title="Information history">Information</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddddff; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Focus</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Archives_management" title="Archives management">Archives management</a> - <a href="/wiki/Collections_management" title="Collections management">Collections management</a> (<a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation</a>) - <a href="/wiki/Data_management" title="Data management">Data management</a> - <a href="/wiki/Information_management" title="Information management">Information management</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cataloging_(library_science)" title="Cataloging (library science)">cataloguing</a>) - <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_management" title="Knowledge management">Knowledge management</a> - <a href="/wiki/Library_management" title="Library management">Library management</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddddff; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Curation</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Data" title="Data">Data</a> - <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a> - <a href="/wiki/Information" title="Information">Information</a> - <a href="/wiki/Document" title="Document">Documents</a> - <a href="/wiki/Cultural_artifact" title="Cultural artifact">Artefacts</a> - <a href="/wiki/Knowledge" title="Knowledge">Knowledge</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddddff; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Interdisciplinary fields</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Archival_science" title="Archival science">Archival science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Communication_studies" title="Communication studies">Communication studies</a> - <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Data_science" title="Data science">Data science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Documentation_science" title="Documentation science">Documentation science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">Epistemology</a> - <a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">Library science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Information_science" title="Information science">Information science</a> - <a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_studies" title="Science and technology studies">Science and technology studies</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddddff; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Areas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Academic_library" title="Academic library">Academic</a> - <a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Archival</a> - <a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">Legal</a> - <a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">Health</a> - <a href="/wiki/Private_library" title="Private library">Private</a> - <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">Public</a> - <a href="/wiki/School_library" title="School library">School</a> - <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Libraries" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Libraries">WikiProject</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Library_and_information_science" title="Category:Library and information science">Category</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar" title="Template:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar" title="Template talk:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LibraryandInformation-TopicSidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>special library</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">library</a> that provides specialized information resources on a particular subject, serves a specialized and limited clientele, and delivers specialized services to that clientele. Special libraries include <a href="/wiki/Corporate_library" title="Corporate library">corporate libraries</a>, government libraries, <a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">law libraries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">medical libraries</a>, museum libraries, news libraries. Special libraries also exist within academic institutions. These libraries are included as special libraries because they are often funded separately from the rest of the university and they serve a targeted group of users.<sup id="cite_ref-Shumaker_2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shumaker_2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg/170px-Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg/255px-Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg/340px-Melbourne_Parliament_House_Library_interior.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the Victorian Parliamentary Library in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Melbourne" title="Parliament House, Melbourne">Parliament House, Melbourne</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Special libraries often have a more specific clientele than libraries in traditional educational or public settings, and deal with more specialized kinds of information. They are developed to support the mission of their sponsoring organization and their collections and services are more targeted and specific to the needs of their clientele. Special libraries may or may not be open to the general public. Those that are open to the public may offer services similar to <a href="/wiki/Research_library" title="Research library">research</a>, reference, <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">public</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academic_library" title="Academic library">academic</a>, or children's libraries, often with restrictions such as only lending books to patients at a hospital or restricting the public from parts of a military collection. Many special libraries are not open to the general public, though access may be requested for specialized research by request. Special libraries are also sometimes known as <i>information centers.</i> Some authors differentiate special libraries from information centers by defining the latter as having "a very narrow scope".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are generally staffed by <a href="/wiki/Librarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Librarians">librarians</a>, although many librarians employed in special libraries are specialists in the library's field rather than generally trained librarians, and often are not required to have advanced degrees in specifically library-related field due to the specialized content and clientele of the library. However, it is not uncommon for librarians at special libraries to have both a <a href="/wiki/Education_for_librarianship" title="Education for librarianship">library science degree</a> as well as a degree or experience of some type in the field their library specializes in as opposed to either only <a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">library science</a> or field specific experience. </p><p>Special libraries are "special" in their collections, users, and services. </p><p>For example, a research institute's library may supply information to scientists who lack the time to visit the library. Current Awareness Service (CAS) and <a href="/wiki/Selective_Dissemination_of_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Selective Dissemination of Information">Selective Dissemination of Information</a> (SDI) are very common. The listing of special libraries in this article is not comprehensive. Special libraries as a field are defined by not being public, school, academic, or national libraries. Special libraries may be called libraries, information centers, information resource collections, or other names, typically decided by the institution that the library is attached to, and may or may not have a generally trained and qualified librarian on staff. </p><p>These libraries select and procure documents and other sources of relevant documents in the particular field and disseminate the updated information in the concerned field. it gives pinpointed technical information promptly. Provides desired information to users on demand and mostly in anticipation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The idea of "special libraries" in the context of sharing a collection of books to a targeted audience was by no means novel.<sup id="cite_ref-shu_4967_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shu_4967-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first known libraries, dating back to the beginning of known history, recorded commercial transactions and inventories.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, these fall under the heading of corporate libraries, discussed below. </p><p>The concept of "special libraries" as a distinctive categories of libraries emerged in the United Kingdom and the United States in the nineteenth century. The growth of various special library associations led to the founding of the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> (ALA) in 1876.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Medical_Library_Association" title="Medical Library Association">Medical Library Association</a> was founded in 1898, followed by the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Law_Libraries" title="American Association of Law Libraries">American Association of Law Libraries</a> (AALL) in 1906. The <a href="/wiki/Special_Libraries_Association" title="Special Libraries Association">Special Libraries Association</a> (SLA), which includes corporate libraries, was founded in 1909 with 20 librarians.<sup id="cite_ref-shu_4967_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shu_4967-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_associations">Professional associations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Professional associations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The major professional association for special libraries is the <a href="/wiki/Special_Libraries_Association" title="Special Libraries Association">Special Libraries Association</a>, which has chapters in Canada, the US, and Europe. The UK based <a href="/wiki/Chartered_Institute_of_Library_and_Information_Professionals" title="Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals">Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Library_and_Information_Association" title="Australian Library and Information Association">Australian Library and Information Association</a> also have focus groups devoted to special libraries. More special library associations around the world can be found in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_library_associations" title="List of library associations">list of library associations</a>. There are also associations dedicated to supporting specialized libraries within specific fields. These include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Law_Libraries" title="American Association of Law Libraries">American Association of Law Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Theological_Library_Association" title="American Theological Library Association">American Theological Library Association</a></li> <li>Association of British Theological and Philosophical Libraries<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Indonesia Special Libraries Forum<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>International Association of Aquatic and Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers (IAMSLIC)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Music_Libraries,_Archives_and_Documentation_Centres" title="International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres">International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Library_Association" title="Medical Library Association">Medical Library Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Library_Association" title="Music Library Association">Music Library Association</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporate">Corporate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Corporate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Corporate_library" title="Corporate library">Corporate library</a></div> <p>A corporate library is a special library serving the staff at a <a href="/wiki/Corporation" title="Corporation">corporation</a>. The information services provided by corporate libraries save employees time, and can aid in <a href="/wiki/Competitive_intelligence" title="Competitive intelligence">competitive intelligence</a> work.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law">Law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">Law library</a></div> <p>Law libraries are designed to assist <a href="/wiki/Law_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Law student">law students</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer">attorneys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judge" title="Judge">judges</a> and their <a href="/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk">law clerks</a>, and other individuals conducting legal research including members of the general public. Most law libraries are attached to law schools, private law firms, or government courts for the use of the respective institution's clientele, though some university libraries also maintain a dedicated legal section. The collections of law libraries are tailored to the specific legal interests of the institution they are affiliated with and may not have extensive collection beyond that scope. Education requirement for law librarians varied on types of law libraries. Academic law librarians who provide reference would mostly likely have both master's degree in library science and <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> degree. Law firm librarians, in contrast, often have library science degree only. The dual-degree requirement in law librarianship has been widely debated in recent years, given librarians in medical or business libraries, for example, are not required to have advanced degree in subject disciplines.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Legal reference services available to the general public are typically extremely limited due to legal restrictions on non-attorneys providing legal advice. Researching legal issues is acceptable but directly asking for legal advice is beyond the legally allowed assistance of a law library. The most a librarian at a law library can do is assist with locating reference materials but is not allowed to provide legal advice based on library materials. </p><p>Currently, the largest law library in the world is the <a href="/wiki/Law_Library_of_Congress" title="Law Library of Congress">Law Library of Congress</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America</a>. It opened in 1832 and became a department of the main <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> with the first Law <a href="/wiki/Librarian_of_Congress" title="Librarian of Congress">Librarian of Congress</a> Charles Henry Wharton Meehan. Initially, the library only served the members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> but has since expanded to serve the general public and various government agencies as well. The library's collection currently has approximately 2.65 million items in it including materials on both United States law as well as legal resources for jurisdictions all over the world. The collection also includes materials about the history of law going back to the beginning of the most primitive legal systems in the areas of common, religious, civil, customary, and socialist laws.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal">Federal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Federal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, federal libraries are libraries operated by a federal government agency. The most prominent example is the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> (LOC), the de facto <a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">national library</a>, but there are "more than 1,100 libraries in the U.S. federal government."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2022 edition of the <i>Federal Library Directory</i> includes libraries operated by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Department of Agriculture</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">Department of Commerce</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">Department of Energy</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health and Human Services</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Department of the Interior</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">Department of Transportation</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">Department of Veterans Affairs</a>, independent agencies, <a href="/wiki/Judicial_branch_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial branch of the United States">judicial branch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legislative_branch_of_the_United_States_federal_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative branch of the United States federal government">legislative branch</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a>, and other agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Major categories of U.S. federal libraries include <a href="/wiki/Military_library" title="Military library">military libraries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system" title="Presidential library system">presidential libraries</a>. Federal library workers are supported by professional organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/Special_Libraries_Association" title="Special Libraries Association">Special Libraries Association</a> (SLA), which has a Military Libraries Community,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> (ALA), which has a Federal and Armed Forces Libraries Interest Group.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The LOC manages the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/flicc/">Federal Library and Information Network (FEDLINK)</a> as a consortium for U.S. federal government libraries, offering purchasing, training, and resource-sharing. FEDLINK's mission is to "achieve optimum use of the resources and facilities of federal libraries and information centers by promoting common services, coordinating and sharing available resources, and providing continuing professional education for federal library and information staff."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical">Medical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Medical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">Medical library</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Special_library" title="Special:EditPage/Special library">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Medical libraries, also known as hospital libraries or health libraries, are designed to support the needs of physicians, health professionals, medical researchers, medical students, patients, and consumers interested in the medical field. Most medical libraries are attached to hospitals, medical research facilities, medical schools, and similar institutions. Similar to law libraries, most medical librarians have degrees in a biological or medical field instead of or in addition to formal library training, and the specific nature of the medical library collection is tailored to the field or type of care that the library's institution specializes in. </p><p>Some hospitals also maintain a library specifically for the entertainment and leisure of patients rather than research, education, or professional development, and these libraries tend to function similarly to <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">public libraries</a> though their collections may be weighted towards medically related or themed works. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physics">Physics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Physics_libraries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Physics libraries (page does not exist)">Physics libraries</a> include books about physics or helpful to physicists.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Military_libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Military libraries">Military libraries</a> are designed to support the needs of members of a nation's armed forces and other personnel attached to the unit or base that the library is a part of.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary responsibilities of military libraries are assisting military personnel with access to resources for professional development, personal education, and leisure. Military libraries attached to military bases often include collections and services for families of personnel assigned to the base and may also maintain information on the history of the base, units assigned there, and notable personnel. Other military libraries are tasked with directly supporting military operations by providing access to pertinent resources or organizing and disseminating information directly related to a military unit or organization's activities. Depending on the specific responsibilities of the library, military libraries may be staffed by civilian librarians, military personnel with library or organizational training, or both. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_library" title="Music library">Music library</a></div> <p>Music libraries are designed to support the needs of musicians and <a href="/wiki/Musicologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Musicologists">musicologists</a> as well as broadcasting authorities, orchestral, opera and choral professionals, <a href="/wiki/Music_publisher" title="Music publisher">music publishers</a> and suppliers, and music librarians.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary responsibilities of music libraries are to collect musical scores, recordings of performances, critiques, commentary, and scholarship on the development of music as an art of both composition and performance. Music libraries document music as an art in all of its diversity of forms and genres. Music libraries contain <a href="/wiki/Sheet_music" title="Sheet music">musical scores</a>, manuscripts, papers, and recordings.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Music libraries exist in academic and cultural institutions as well as in companies in the business of music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Transportation_libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation libraries">Transportation libraries</a> are designed to support the study, research, and dissemination of information related to <a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">transportation</a>. They provide resources related to <a href="/wiki/Public_policy" title="Public policy">policy</a>, regulations, operations, and other aspects of transportation. Users of transportation libraries include <a href="/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer">engineers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urban_planner" title="Urban planner">city planners</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_contractor" title="General contractor">contractors</a>, academic <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">researchers</a>, and the general public.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transportation libraries are located at the federal, state, and local levels of government, as well as at <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">universities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Research_institute" title="Research institute">research institutes</a>. Major transportation libraries can be found in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museum">Museum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Museum_libraries&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Museum libraries (page does not exist)">Museum libraries</a> are libraries within <a href="/wiki/Museum" title="Museum">museums</a>. Like any other special library, museum libraries have aspects of traditional libraries, but also contain other characteristics unlike public or academic libraries. Museum libraries are often associated with a public museum or institution whose main purpose is to provide historical and educational information to the general public. Unlike traditional libraries, many museum libraries are more private and hidden from the public eye due to their main purpose as a research library for museum staff and professional researchers. Because of this, users must often make appointments and be allowed special access through them by library staff or other museum staff. Though this is not to say all museum libraries are unattainable to public users. Museum libraries such as the <a href="/wiki/Ryerson_%26_Burnham_Libraries" title="Ryerson & Burnham Libraries">Ryerson & Burnham Libraries</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Art_Institute_of_Chicago" title="Art Institute of Chicago">Art Institute of Chicago</a>, the Nolen Library<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> of New York, and the <a href="/wiki/Museums_Victoria" title="Museums Victoria">Museums Victoria</a> Library<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, Australia all provide access to public during opening hours. </p><p>Another major difference between this type of special library to other traditional libraries is that museum libraries are usually focused on one subject or field of study, rather than covering all subject areas. Such areas of study museum libraries focus in on include art, history, science, and other more specific fields. These areas the libraries focus on also depends on what museum they work and are associated with. The libraries within the MET and the Art Institute of Chicago, both art museums, focus on art and its history. While the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="National Museum of Natural History">National Museum of Natural History </a>Library<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of Washington, D.C., focuses on <a href="/wiki/Natural_history" title="Natural history">natural history</a> because of its collaboration with the museum which bears the same name. Museums and libraries collaborate and work with each other in order for both to function properly. Without one, the other could not survive. </p><p>Organizations that provide support to those working within museum libraries include <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Museum_and_Library_Services" title="Institute of Museum and Library Services">Institute of Museum and Library Services</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Committee on Archives, Libraries and Museums,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or CALM of the ALA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Correctional_institution">Correctional institution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Correctional institution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Prison_library" title="Prison library">Prison library</a></div> <p>Correctional institution libraries,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or prison libraries, serve a number of roles in a prison community. They provide a source of entertainment for the incarcerated, offer a place to research legal cases, and facilitate education. Because many inmates have low literacy levels, correctional institution libraries may offer tutoring services by civilian volunteers, teachers, or other inmates. Correctional institution libraries usually have one or two librarians and inmate workers, but there may also be a library technician or assistant. Correctional institution librarians can look to a few different organizations for assistance. The <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Specialized_and_Cooperative_Library_Agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Specialized and Cooperative Library Agencies">Association of Specialized and Cooperative Library Agencies</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> offer valuable resource for prison librarians. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News_and_hemeroteca">News and hemeroteca</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: News and hemeroteca"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>News libraries maintain collections of news articles and news-related items. Archives of newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals in print for consultation in public libraries may be called a "hemeroteca" in some European countries. The term also refers to an archive or a collection of newspapers, magazines, and other journalistic publications of a specific type such as document archives of publishers. The term is also used for archives of recent web-pages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performing_arts">Performing arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Performing arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Performing arts library specialize in collecting items relating to any faction of the <a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">performing arts</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">theatre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">dance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a>, and recorded sound. Generally, these libraries are open to the public, though patrons are only allowed to study these items within the library itself. The reason for this is because of how rare and fragile some of these resources are. This type of library is usually organized by divisions, each containing materials related to the aforementioned art forms such as photographs, programs, reviews, videotapes, newspaper articles, costume designs, posters, financial records, audio recordings (both music and non-music), sheet music, manuscripts, fine prints of portraits, and even printed materials like books and periodicals. </p><p>As libraries are adapting to the digital age, performance libraries are starting to include digital collection for patrons to get a small sample of what items are part of the library's physical collection, especially the more rare ones. The performing arts library is a vast and convenient resource of materials to be studied by students and professionals alike. One such example is the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">New York Public Library for the Performing Arts</a> in New York City,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> not only because is it home to hundreds of thousands of rare materials, but also because of its location. The library is located at the <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts">Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts</a>, right between the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Opera_House_(Lincoln_Center)" title="Metropolitan Opera House (Lincoln Center)">Metropolitan Opera House</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vivian_Beaumont_Theater" title="Vivian Beaumont Theater">Vivian Beaumont Theater</a>, and only a block away from the <a href="/wiki/Juilliard_School" title="Juilliard School">Juilliard School</a>, making access for both students and professionals relatively easy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theological">Theological</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Theological"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Special_library" title="Special:EditPage/Special library">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Special+library%22">"Special library"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Special+library%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Special+library%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Special+library%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Special+library%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Special+library%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Theological libraries provide many different types of resources to assist in educating and promoting the study of theology and religion. These libraries assist students, faculty, staff, and researchers through the use of primary and secondary sources to advance their knowledge of religion and theology to better understand its impact upon the world. Within the category of theological libraries, the variety of resources housed within each institution varies depending upon its needs and its researchers' needs. Some theological libraries are archival repositories for the historical collections of religious group(s) while other theological libraries specialize in more contemporary resources (books, videos, journals, etc.) to support theological and religious research. Because of the rarity of some of the archival collections and rare books housed within these repositories, the lending and use policies for each library varies greatly contingent on the type of institution where the library is housed. </p><p>There are a variety of institutions who are considered theological libraries. Some of these institutions include churches, seminaries, universities, colleges, and synagogues. A few of the most well-known theological libraries in the United States are found on the East coast. These theological libraries are mostly housed within a university or seminary because of the expense of maintaining the collections. <a href="/wiki/Drew_University" title="Drew University">Drew University</a> in Madison, New Jersey, houses the archives and history center of the <a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a>. Along with the archives, about half of the 500,000 volumes in its library's collection are dedicated to theological and religious studies. The <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Theological_Seminary_Library" title="Jewish Theological Seminary Library">Jewish Theological Seminary Library</a> in New York has a collection of 400,000 volumes dedicated to religious and theological studies along with an archive to preserve the papers of Jewish communities and famous people.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Theological_Seminary_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton Theological Seminary Library">Princeton Theological Seminary Library</a> is another well-known theological library in the United States. The library's collection specializes in all areas of theological study with special collections in <a href="/wiki/Hymnology" title="Hymnology">hymnology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puritanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritanism">Puritanism</a>, early American pamphlets, and <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> controversy. This institution is open to the public. </p><p>Most theological libraries are available for use not only by the students, faculty, and staff of an institution but also are open for use by researchers and the public. The archival collections housed within these repositories can assist in genealogical searches, understanding the history of a religious community, and more. There are also opportunities to obtain items through interlibrary loan if a patron is unable to travel to the library in person. Theological libraries are supported by the <a href="/wiki/American_Theological_Library_Association" title="American Theological Library Association">American Theological Library Association</a> (ATLA) founded in 1946 and is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. ATLA is governed by an elected board of directors and has as its members over 800 individual, institutions, and affiliates. The ATLA publishes four different journals monthly, annually, and quarterly. The organization also provides theological libraries with access to electronic resources (ATLA Religion Database, ATLA Serials, and ATLA Catholic Periodical and Literature Index) including an open access online journal the ATLA publishes. These print and electronic resources are subscribed to by thousands of institutions across the globe. </p><p>There are also well-known theological libraries located internationally. The <a href="/wiki/International_Theological_Institute" title="International Theological Institute">International Theological Institute</a> Library in Austria houses around 25,000 volumes in philosophy and theology. One of the most famous international theological libraries is the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Vatican Library</a>, founded in 1475, which contains not only collections on theology and religion but on history, law, philosophy, and science as well. Theological libraries are available around the world for a variety of research purposes. They contain both contemporary and historical collections to promote the understanding of religious communities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_St._Clair" title="Guy St. Clair">Guy St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-person_library" title="One-person library">One-person library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_UK_Media_Librarians" title="Association of UK Media Librarians">Association of UK Media Librarians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Shumaker_2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shumaker_2011_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shumaker, David. "Special Libraries." <i>Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences</i>, 3rd ed., 4966–74. New York: Taylor and Francis, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mount, Ellis, and Renée Massoud. <i>Special Libraries and Information Centers: An Introductory Text</i>. Fourth edition. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Aug 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Directory+of+Transportation+Libraries+and+Information+Centers&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=Research+and+Innovative+Technology+Administration%2C+U.S.+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fntl.bts.gov%2Ftldir%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artic.edu/research">"Research & Resources"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Research+%26+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artic.edu%2Fresearch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002002741/http://www.metmuseum.org/research/libraries-and-study-centers/nolen-library">"Nolen Library in the Ruth and Harold D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.atitle=Nolen+Library+in+the+Ruth+and+Harold+D.+Uris+Center+for+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fresearch%2Flibraries-and-study-centers%2Fnolen-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/library-and-archives/">"Library and Archives"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+and+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuseumsvictoria.com.au%2Fcollections-research%2Flibrary-and-archives%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.si.edu/libraries/national-museum-natural-history-library">"Library Locations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+Locations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.si.edu%2Flibraries%2Fnational-museum-natural-history-library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imls.gov/">"Home"</a>. <i>imls.gov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=imls.gov&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imls.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/groups/committees/joint/jnt-saa_ala">"ALA/SAA/AAM Committee on Archives, Libraries, and Museums (CALM)"</a>. 16 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ALA%2FSAA%2FAAM+Committee+on+Archives%2C+Libraries%2C+and+Museums+%28CALM%29&rft.date=2010-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2Fgroups%2Fcommittees%2Fjoint%2Fjnt-saa_ala&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/ascla/asclaissues/librarystandards">"ASCLA"</a>. <i>ASCLA</i>. 4 December 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ASCLA&rft.atitle=ASCLA&rft.date=2006-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2Fascla%2Fasclaissues%2Flibrarystandards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/">"ALA"</a>. <i>ALA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ALA&rft.atitle=ALA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/ascla/">"ASCLA"</a>. <i>ASCLA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ASCLA&rft.atitle=ASCLA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ala.org%2Fascla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/locations/lpa">"Locations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Locations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Flocations%2Flpa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jtsa.edu/The_Library.xml">"Welcome to the Library"</a>. <i>JTSA</i>. Jewish Theological Seminary. 27 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JTSA&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+the+Library&rft.date=2015-09-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jtsa.edu%2FThe_Library.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASpecial+library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_reading">Additional reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Additional reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cloonan, Michele V.; Berger, Sidney E. "The Continuing Development of Special Collections Librarianship", in: <i>Library Trends.</i> 52, no. 1, (2003): 9 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0024-2594">0024-2594</a></li> <li>Kruzas, Anthony, Thomas. (1965). <i>Business and Industrial Libraries in the United States, 1820-1940.</i> New York: Special Libraries Association.</li> <li>Scammell, Alison <i>Handbook of Special Librarianship and Information Work</i>. London: Aslib, ©1997. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85142-398-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85142-398-1">0-85142-398-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_library&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sla.org/">Special Library Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://help.ebsco.com/interfaces/EBSCO_Guides/General_Product_FAQs/ROI_of_Corporate_Libraries_Research_Solutions">The ROI of Corporate Libraries & Research Solutions</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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library">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_branch" title="Library branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library#Children's_libraries" title="Library">Children's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_library" title="Christian library">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_consortium" title="Library consortium">Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">shadow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_library" title="Hybrid library">Hybrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lending_library" title="Lending library">Lending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_things" title="Library of things">Library of things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map_collection" title="Map collection">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookmobile" title="Bookmobile">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_library" title="Music library">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library" title="Presidential library">Presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system" title="Presidential library system">U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_library" title="Prison library">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_library" title="Private library">Private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">Public</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_library" title="Carnegie library">Carnegie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_library" title="Research library">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_library" title="School library">School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Learning_Resource_Centre" title="Learning Resource Centre">Learning Resource Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_school_libraries_in_the_United_States" title="Virtual school libraries in the United States">virtual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_collections" title="Special collections">Special collections</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_bookcase" title="Public bookcase">Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subscription_library" title="Subscription library">Subscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_library" title="Tool library">Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_library" title="Toy library">Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_library" title="Transportation library">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveling_library" title="Traveling library">Traveling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of <a href="/wiki/Librarian" title="Librarian">librarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distance_education_librarian" title="Distance education librarian">Distance education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Science_librarianship" title="E-Science librarianship">E-science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign,_comparative,_and_international_law_librarian" title="Foreign, comparative, and international law librarian">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_librarianship" title="Music librarianship">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensemble_librarianship" title="Ensemble librarianship">ensemble</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodicals_librarian" title="Periodicals librarian">Periodicals/serials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacher-librarian" title="Teacher-librarian">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_professional" title="Information professional">Information professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informationist" title="Informationist">Informationist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_scientist" title="Library and information scientist">Library and information scientist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">Library science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_laws_of_library_science" title="Five laws of library science">Five laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_science" title="Library and information science">Library and information science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_for_librarianship" title="Education for librarianship">Education for librarianship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_acquisitions" title="Library acquisitions">Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archival_science" title="Archival science">Archival science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_assessment" title="Library assessment">Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataloging_(library_science)" title="Cataloging (library science)">Cataloging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_catalog" title="Library catalog">catalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_public_access_catalog" title="Online public access catalog">OPAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_circulation" title="Library circulation">Circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_classification" title="Library classification">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_development" title="Collection development">Collection development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_collection" title="Collective collection">Collective collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_system_(bibliographic_search)" title="Discovery system (bibliographic search)">Discovery system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_resource_management" title="Electronic resource management">Electronic resource management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_literacy" title="Information literacy">Information literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inventory_(library_and_archive)" title="Inventory (library and archive)">Inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_deposit" title="Legal deposit">Legal deposit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_history" title="Library history">Library history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_instruction" title="Library instruction">Library instruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_management" title="Library management">Library management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_publishing" title="Library publishing">Library publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readers%27_advisory" title="Readers' advisory">Readers' advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_desk" title="Reference desk">Reference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_reference" title="Digital reference">virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roving_reference" title="Roving reference">roving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_technical_services" title="Library technical services">Technical services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeding_(library)" title="Weeding (library)">Weeding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_libraries" title="History of libraries">History of libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_science#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">History of library science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Library_nav" title="Template:Library nav">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries" title="List of libraries">Libraries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of libraries by country">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_libraries" title="List of largest libraries">by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_the_ancient_world" title="List of libraries in the ancient world">ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyed_libraries" title="List of destroyed libraries">destroyed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medical_libraries" title="List of medical libraries">medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_and_state_libraries" title="List of national and state libraries">national</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_associations" title="List of library associations">Library associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_science_schools" title="List of library science schools">Library schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_librarians" title="List of librarians">Librarians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_librarians" title="List of female librarians">women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_and_librarians_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Libraries and librarians in fiction">fictional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archivists" title="List of archivists">Archivists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_archivists" title="List of female archivists">women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Libraries" title="Category:Libraries">Category:Libraries</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Library_science" title="Category:Library science">Category:Library science</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Libraries" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Libraries">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_library_and_information_science" title="Glossary of library and information science">Glossary</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Outline of library science">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Libraries" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Libraries">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385994#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385994#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385994#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1128953/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4182209-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85076573">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943977g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943977g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570708">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="odborné knihovny"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph123676&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bibliotecas especializadas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX525709">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565678405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10644846">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special_library&oldid=1245035596">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special_library&oldid=1245035596</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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