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Sadegh Azar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Madjid Sadegh Azar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Madjid Sadegh Azar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Madjid Sadegh Azar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 77</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Madjid Sadegh Azar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Reliability Analysis of Steel Columns under Buckling Load in Second-Order Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Abshari">Hamed Abshari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Reza%20Emami%20Azadi"> M. Reza Emami Azadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madjid%20Sadegh%20Azar"> Madjid Sadegh Azar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For studying the overall instability of members of steel structures, there are several methods in which overall buckling and geometrical imperfection effects are considered in analysis. In first section, these methods are compared and ability of software to apply these methods is studied. Buckling loads determined from theoretical methods and software is compared for 2D one bay, one and two stories steel frames. To consider actual condition, buckling loads of three steel frames that have various dimensions are calculated and compared. Also, uncertainties that exist in loading and modeling of structures such as geometrical imperfection, yield stress, and modulus of elasticity in buckling load of 2D framed steel structures have been studied. By performing these uncertainties to each reliability analysis procedures (first-order, second-order, and simulation methods of reliability), one index of reliability from each procedure is determined. These values are studied and compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-order%20theory" title=" second-order theory"> second-order theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20index" title=" reliability index"> reliability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20columns" title=" steel columns"> steel columns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9301/reliability-analysis-of-steel-columns-under-buckling-load-in-second-order-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> A Mathematical Programming Model for Lot Sizing and Production Planning in Multi-Product Companies: A Case Study of Azar Battery Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Jafarpour%20Taher">Farzad Jafarpour Taher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maghsud%20Solimanpur"> Maghsud Solimanpur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Production planning is one of the complex tasks in multi-product firms that produce a wide range of products. Since resources in mass production companies are limited and different products use common resources, there must be a careful plan so that firms can respond to customer needs efficiently. Azar-battery Company is a firm that provides twenty types of products for its customers. Therefore, careful planning must be performed in this company. In this research, the current conditions of Azar-battery Company were investigated to provide a mathematical programming model to determine the optimum production rate of the products in this company. The production system of this company is multi-stage, multi-product and multi-period. This system is studied in terms of a one-year planning horizon regarding the capacity of machines and warehouse space limitation. The problem has been modeled as a linear programming model with deterministic demand in which shortage is not allowed. The objective function of this model is to minimize costs (including raw materials, assembly stage, energy costs, packaging, and holding). Finally, this model has been solved by Lingo software using the branch and bound approach. Since the computation time was very long, the solver interrupted, and the obtained feasible solution was used for comparison. The proposed model's solution costs have been compared to the company鈥檚 real data. This non-optimal solution reduces the total production costs of the company by about %35. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-period" title="multi-period">multi-period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-product%20production" title=" multi-product production"> multi-product production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-stage" title=" multi-stage"> multi-stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title=" production planning"> production planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174173/a-mathematical-programming-model-for-lot-sizing-and-production-planning-in-multi-product-companies-a-case-study-of-azar-battery-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Optimization of Shear Frame Structures Applying Various Forms of Wavelet Transforms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohrab%20Nemati"> Sohrab Nemati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Khojastehfar"> Ehsan Khojastehfar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Balaghi"> Sadegh Balaghi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p class="Abstract" style="text-indent:10.2pt"><span lang="EN-US">In the present research, various formulations of wavelet transform are applied on acceleration time history of earthquake. The mentioned transforms decompose the strong ground motion into low and high frequency parts. Since the high frequency portion of strong ground motion has a minor effect on dynamic response of structures, the structure is excited by low frequency part. Consequently, the seismic response of structure is predicted consuming one half of computational time, comparing with conventional time history analysis. Towards reducing the computational effort needed in seismic optimization of structure, seismic optimization of a shear frame structure is conducted by applying various forms of mentioned transformation through genetic algorithm.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20history%20analysis" title="time history analysis">time history analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20transform" title=" wavelet transform"> wavelet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74748/optimization-of-shear-frame-structures-applying-various-forms-of-wavelet-transforms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Effects of Various Wavelet Transforms in Dynamic Analysis of Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Balaghi"> Sadegh Balaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Khojastehfar"> Ehsan Khojastehfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Time history dynamic analysis of structures is considered as an exact method while being computationally intensive. Filtration of earthquake strong ground motions applying wavelet transform is an approach towards reduction of computational efforts, particularly in optimization of structures against seismic effects. Wavelet transforms are categorized into continuum and discrete transforms. Since earthquake strong ground motion is a discrete function, the discrete wavelet transform is applied in the present paper. Wavelet transform reduces analysis time by filtration of non-effective frequencies of strong ground motion. Filtration process may be repeated several times while the approximation induces more errors. In this paper, strong ground motion of earthquake has been filtered once applying each wavelet. Strong ground motion of Northridge earthquake is filtered applying various wavelets and dynamic analysis of sampled shear and moment frames is implemented. The error, regarding application of each wavelet, is computed based on comparison of dynamic response of sampled structures with exact responses. Exact responses are computed by dynamic analysis of structures applying non-filtered strong ground motion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20transform" title="wavelet transform">wavelet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20error" title=" computational error"> computational error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20duration" title=" computational duration"> computational duration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strong%20ground%20motion%20data" title=" strong ground motion data"> strong ground motion data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51519/effects-of-various-wavelet-transforms-in-dynamic-analysis-of-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> On the Accuracy of Basic Modal Displacement Method Considering Various Earthquakes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Balaghi"> Sadegh Balaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Khojastehfar"> Ehsan Khojastehfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Time history seismic analysis is supposed to be the most accurate method to predict the seismic demand of structures. On the other hand, the required computational time of this method toward achieving the result is its main deficiency. While being applied in optimization process, in which the structure must be analyzed thousands of time, reducing the required computational time of seismic analysis of structures makes the optimization algorithms more practical. Apparently, the invented approximate methods produce some amount of errors in comparison with exact time history analysis but the recently proposed method namely, Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) and Sum Root of the Sum of Squares (SRSS) drastically reduces the computational time by combination of peak responses in each mode. In the present research, the Basic Modal Displacement (BMD) method is introduced and applied towards estimation of seismic demand of main structure. Seismic demand of sampled structure is estimated by calculation of modal displacement of basic structure (in which the modal displacement has been calculated). Shear steel sampled structures are selected as case studies. The error applying the introduced method is calculated by comparison of the estimated seismic demands with exact time history dynamic analysis. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by application of three types of earthquakes (in view of time of peak ground acceleration). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20history%20dynamic%20analysis" title="time history dynamic analysis">time history dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20modal%20displacement" title=" basic modal displacement"> basic modal displacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake-induced%20demands" title=" earthquake-induced demands"> earthquake-induced demands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20steel%20structures" title=" shear steel structures"> shear steel structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51518/on-the-accuracy-of-basic-modal-displacement-method-considering-various-earthquakes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Adaptive Control Approach for an Unmanned Aerial Manipulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20Riache">Samah Riache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madjid%20Kidouche"> Madjid Kidouche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a nonlinear controller for Aerial Manipulator (AM) consists of a Quadrotor equipped with two degrees of freedom robotic arm. The kinematic and dynamic models were developed by considering the aerial manipulator as a coupled system. The proposed controller was designed using Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control. The objective of our approach is to improve performances and attenuate the chattering drawback using an adaptive algorithm in the discontinuous control part. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy compared with Sliding Mode Controller. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20algorithm" title="adaptive algorithm">adaptive algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadrotor" title=" quadrotor"> quadrotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20arm" title=" robotic arm"> robotic arm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143411/adaptive-control-approach-for-an-unmanned-aerial-manipulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Fault Diagnosis in Confined Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrine%20Berber">Nesrine Berber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafid%20Haffaf"> Hafid Haffaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel%20Madjid%20Meghabar"> Abdel Madjid Meghabar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decade, technology has continued to grow and has changed the structure of our society. Today, new technologies including the information and communication (ICT) play a main role which importance continues to grow, now it's become indispensable to the economic, social and cultural. Thus, ICT technology has proven to be as a promising intervention in the area of road transport. The supervision model of class of train of intelligent and autonomous vehicles leads us to give some defintions about IAV and the different technologies used for communication between them. Our aim in this work is to present an hypergraph modeling a class of train of Intelligent and Autonomous Vehicles (IAV). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20transportation%20system" title="intelligent transportation system">intelligent transportation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20autonomous%20vehicles" title=" intelligent autonomous vehicles"> intelligent autonomous vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ad%20Hoc%20network" title=" Ad Hoc network"> Ad Hoc network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20technologies" title=" wireless technologies"> wireless technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypergraph%20modeling" title=" hypergraph modeling"> hypergraph modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervision" title=" supervision"> supervision</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33207/fault-diagnosis-in-confined-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">546</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> On the Optimization of a Decentralized Photovoltaic System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaouche%20Khelil">Zaouche Khelil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talha%20Abdelaziz"> Talha Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berkouk%20El%20Madjid"> Berkouk El Madjid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a grid-tied photovoltaic system. The studied topology is structured around a seven-level inverter, supplying a non-linear load. A three-stage step-up DC/DC converter ensures DC-link balancing. The presented system allows the extraction of all the available photovoltaic power. This extracted energy feeds the local load; the surplus energy is injected into the electrical network. During poor weather conditions, where the photovoltaic panels cannot meet the energy needs of the load, the missing power is supplied by the electrical network. At the common connexion point, the network current shows excellent spectral performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seven-level%20inverter" title="seven-level inverter">seven-level inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-level%20DC%2FDC%20converter" title=" multi-level DC/DC converter"> multi-level DC/DC converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic" title=" photovoltaic"> photovoltaic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20load" title=" non-linear load"> non-linear load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145558/on-the-optimization-of-a-decentralized-photovoltaic-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> Study the Behavior of Different Composite Short Columns (DST) with Prismatic Sections under Bending Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Sadeghi%20Balkanlou">V. Sadeghi Balkanlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Reza%20Bagerzadeh%20Karimi"> M. Reza Bagerzadeh Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hasanbakloo"> A. Hasanbakloo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bagheri%20Azar"> B. Bagheri Azar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the behavior of different types of DST columns has been studied under bending load. Briefly, composite columns consist of an internal carbon steel tube and an external stainless steel wall that the between the walls are filled with concrete. Composite columns are expected to combine the advantages of all three materials and have the advantage of high flexural stiffness of CFDST columns. In this research, ABAQUS software is used for finite element analysis then the results of ultimate strength of the composite sections are illustrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DST" title="DST">DST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20steel" title=" carbon steel"> carbon steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABAQUS" title=" ABAQUS"> ABAQUS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=straigh%20columns" title=" straigh columns"> straigh columns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tapered%20columns" title=" tapered columns "> tapered columns </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10873/study-the-behavior-of-different-composite-short-columns-dst-with-prismatic-sections-under-bending-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Alumina Nanoparticles in One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrazolopyranopyrimidinones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Khodabakhshi">Saeed Khodabakhshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alimorad%20Rashidi"> Alimorad Rashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziba%20Tavakoli"> Ziba Tavakoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Kiani"> Sajad Kiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Dastkhoon"> Sadegh Dastkhoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alumina nanoparticles (纬-Al2O3 NPs) were prepared via a new and simple synthetic route and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of prepared 纬-Al2O3 NPs was investigated for the one-pot, four-component synthesis of fused tri-heterocyclic compounds containing pyrazole, pyran, and pyrimidine. This procedure has some advantages such as high efficiency, simplicity, high rate and environmental safety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina%20nanoparticles" title="alumina nanoparticles">alumina nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-pot" title=" one-pot"> one-pot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20tri-heterocyclic%20compounds" title=" fused tri-heterocyclic compounds"> fused tri-heterocyclic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyran" title=" pyran"> pyran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44094/alumina-nanoparticles-in-one-pot-synthesis-of-pyrazolopyranopyrimidinones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Bread Wheat by RAPD and SSR Markers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sadegh%20Khavarinejad">Mohammad Sadegh Khavarinejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, genetic diversity of 10 bread wheat genotypes by SSR and RAPD markers was evaluated. 11 primers were used included 6 RAPD primers and 5 SSR primers. RAPDs and SSRs could find 33 and 17 polymorphism respectively. In RAPDs, primers UBC 350 and UBC 109 and in SSRs, Primers Xgwm 469-6D and Xgwm120-2B showed genetic diversity among genotypes more than others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title="wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20markers" title=" molecular markers"> molecular markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSR" title=" SSR"> SSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD" title=" RAPD "> RAPD </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21379/investigation-of-genetic-diversity-in-bread-wheat-by-rapd-and-ssr-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Fuzzy Gauge Capability (Cg and Cgk) through Buckley Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Habib%20A.%20Rahmati">Seyed Habib A. Rahmati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Sadegh%20Amalnick"> Mohsen Sadegh Amalnick </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different terms of the statistical process control (SPC) has sketch in the fuzzy environment. However, measurement system analysis (MSA), as a main branch of the SPC, is rarely investigated in fuzzy area. This procedure assesses the suitability of the data to be used in later stages or decisions of the SPC. Therefore, this research focuses on some important measures of MSA and through a new method introduces the measures in fuzzy environment. In this method, which works based on Buckley approach, imprecision and vagueness nature of the real world measurement are considered simultaneously. To do so, fuzzy version of the gauge capability (Cg and Cgk) are introduced. The method is also explained through example clearly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title="measurement">measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPC" title=" SPC"> SPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSA" title=" MSA"> MSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gauge%20capability%20%28Cg%20and%20Cgk%29" title=" gauge capability (Cg and Cgk)"> gauge capability (Cg and Cgk)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33559/fuzzy-gauge-capability-cg-and-cgk-through-buckley-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">650</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> A Resistant-Based Comparative Study between Iranian Concrete Design Code and Some Worldwide Ones </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmeh%20Bemani"> Najmeh Bemani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design in most counties should be inevitably carried out by their native code such as Iran. Since the Iranian concrete code does not exist in structural design software, most engineers in this country analyze the structures using commercial software but design the structural members manually. This point motivated us to make a communication between Iranian code and some other well-known ones to create facility for the engineers. Finally, this paper proposes the so-called interpretation charts which help specify the position of Iranian code in comparison of some worldwide ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam" title="beam">beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20code" title=" concrete code"> concrete code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpretation%20charts" title=" interpretation charts "> interpretation charts </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29241/a-resistant-based-comparative-study-between-iranian-concrete-design-code-and-some-worldwide-ones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> K-Means Clustering-Based Infinite Feature Selection Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyyedeh%20Faezeh%20Hassani%20Ziabari">Seyyedeh Faezeh Hassani Ziabari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Eskandari"> Sadegh Eskandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maziar%20Salahi"> Maziar Salahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infinite Feature Selection (IFS) algorithm is an efficient feature selection algorithm that selects a subset of features of all sizes (including infinity). In this paper, we present an improved version of it, called clustering IFS (CIFS), by clustering the dataset in advance. To do so, first, we apply the K-means algorithm to cluster the dataset, then we apply IFS. In the CIFS method, the spatial and temporal complexities are reduced compared to the IFS method. Experimental results on 6 datasets show the superiority of CIFS compared to IFS in terms of accuracy, running time, and memory consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20selection" title="feature selection">feature selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infinite%20feature%20selection" title=" infinite feature selection"> infinite feature selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph" title=" graph"> graph</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155406/k-means-clustering-based-infinite-feature-selection-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Hydrologic Balance and Surface Water Resources of the Cheliff-Zahrez Basin </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehaiguene%20Madjid">Mehaiguene Madjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Touhari%20Fadhila"> Touhari Fadhila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meddi%20Mohamed"> Meddi Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Cheliff basin offers a good hydrological example for the possibility of studying the problem which elucidated in the future, because of the unclearity in several aspects and hydraulic installation. Thus, our study of the Cheliff basin is divided into two principal parts: The spatial evaluation of the precipitation: also, the understanding of the modes of the reconstitution of the resource in water supposes a good knowledge of the structuring of the precipitation fields in the studied space. In the goal of a good knowledge of revitalizes them in water and their management integrated one judged necessary to establish a precipitation card of the Cheliff basin for a good understanding of the evolution of the resource in water in the basin and that goes will serve as basis for all study of hydraulic planning in the Cheliff basin. Then, the establishment of the precipitation card of the Cheliff basin answered a direct need of setting to the disposition of the researchers for the region and a document of reference that will be completed therefore and actualized. The hydrological study, based on the statistical hydrometric data processing will lead us to specify the hydrological terms of the assessment hydrological and to clarify the fundamental aspects of the annual flow, seasonal, extreme and thus of their variability and resources surface water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20assessment" title="hydrological assessment">hydrological assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water%20resources" title=" surface water resources"> surface water resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheliff" title=" Cheliff"> Cheliff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36268/hydrologic-balance-and-surface-water-resources-of-the-cheliff-zahrez-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Modeling of Production Lines Systems with Layout Constraints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Abebi">Sadegh Abebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are problems with estimating time of product process of products, especially when there is variable serving time, like control stage. These problems will cause overestimation of process time. Layout constraints, reworking constraints and inflexible product schedule in multi product lines, needs a precise planning to reduce volume in particular situation of line stock. In this article, by analyzing real queue systems with layout constraints and by using concepts and principles of Markov chain in queue theory, a hybrid model has been presented. This model can be a base to assess queue systems with probable parameters of service. Here by presenting a case study, the proposed model will be described. so, production lines of a home application manufacturer will be analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Queuing%20theory" title="Queuing theory">Queuing theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markov%20Chain" title=" Markov Chain"> Markov Chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layout" title=" layout"> layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20balance" title=" line balance"> line balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26003/modeling-of-production-lines-systems-with-layout-constraints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">625</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Kernel Parallelization Equation for Identifying Structures under Unknown and Periodic Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a Kernel parallelization equation for damage identification in structures under unknown periodic excitations. Herein, the dynamic differential equation of the motion of structure is viewed as a mapping from displacements to external forces. Utilizing this viewpoint, a new method for damage detection in structures under periodic loads is presented. The developed method requires only two periods of load. The method detects the damages without finding the input loads. The method is based on the fact that structural displacements under free and forced vibrations are associated with two parallel subspaces in the displacement space. Considering the concept, kernel parallelization equation (KPE) is derived for damage detection under unknown periodic loads. The method is verified for a case study under periodic loads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kernel" title="Kernel">Kernel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unknown%20periodic%20load" title=" unknown periodic load"> unknown periodic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage%20detection" title=" damage detection"> damage detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kernel%20parallelization%20equation" title=" Kernel parallelization equation "> Kernel parallelization equation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75655/kernel-parallelization-equation-for-identifying-structures-under-unknown-and-periodic-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Numerical Investigation of Blood Flow around a Leaflet Valve through a Perforating Vein</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohreh%20Sheidaei">Zohreh Sheidaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Sadegh%20Moghanlou"> Farhad Sadegh Moghanlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahim%20Vesal"> Rahim Vesal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diseases related to leg venous system are common worldwide. An incompetent vein with deformed wall and insufficient valves affects flow field of blood and disrupts the process of blood circulating system. Having enough knowledge about the flow field through veins will help find new ways to cure the related diseases. In the present study, blood flow around a leaflet valve of a perforating vein is investigated numerically by Finite Element Method. Flow behavior and vortexes, generated around the leaflet valves, are studied considering valve opening percentage. Obtained velocity and pressure fields show mechanical stresses on vein wall and these valves and consequently introduce the regions susceptible to deformation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20flow" title="fluid flow">fluid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaflet%20valve" title=" leaflet valve"> leaflet valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20investigation" title=" numerical investigation"> numerical investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforating%20vein" title=" perforating vein"> perforating vein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34659/numerical-investigation-of-blood-flow-around-a-leaflet-valve-through-a-perforating-vein" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> The Role of Information Technology in the Supply Chain Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azar%20Alizadeh">Azar Alizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Naserkhaki"> Mohammad Reza Naserkhaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of the IT systems for collecting and analyzing the data can have a significant effect on the performance of any company. In recent decade, different advancements and achievements in the field of information technology have changed the industry compared to the previous decade. The adoption and application of the information technology are one of the ways to achieve a distinctive competitive personality to the companies and their supply chain. The acceptance of the IT and its proper implementation cam reinforce and improve the cooperation between different parts of the supply chain by rapid transfer and distribution of the precise information and the application of the informational systems, leading to the increase in the supply chain efficiency. The main objective of this research is to study the effects and applications of the information technology on and in the supply chain management and to introduce the effective factors on the acceptance of information technology in the companies. Moreover, in order to understand the subject, we will investigate the role and importance of the information and electronic commerce in the supply chain and the characteristics of the supply chain based on the information flow approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20commerce" title="electronic commerce">electronic commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry" title=" industry"> industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20technology" title=" information technology"> information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system" title=" system"> system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54252/the-role-of-information-technology-in-the-supply-chain-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Anticipation of Bending Reinforcement Based on Iranian Concrete Code Using Meta-Heuristic Tools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Sadegh%20Naseralavi">Seyed Sadegh Naseralavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmeh%20Bemani"> Najmeh Bemani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, different concrete codes including America, New Zealand, Mexico, Italy, India, Canada, Hong Kong, Euro Code and Britain are compared with the Iranian concrete design code. First, by using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), the codes having the most correlation with the Iranian ninth issue of the national regulation are determined. Consequently, two anticipated methods are used for comparing the codes: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Multi-variable regression. The results show that ANN performs better. Predicting is done by using only tensile steel ratio and with ignoring the compression steel ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20neuro%20fuzzy%20inference%20system" title="adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system">adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticipate%20method" title=" anticipate method"> anticipate method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20design%20code" title=" concrete design code"> concrete design code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-variable%20regression" title=" multi-variable regression"> multi-variable regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75588/anticipation-of-bending-reinforcement-based-on-iranian-concrete-code-using-meta-heuristic-tools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> All-or-None Principle and Weakness of Hodgkin-Huxley Mathematical Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Sadegh%20Zadeh">S. A. Sadegh Zadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Kambhampati"> C. Kambhampati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical and computational modellings are the necessary tools for reviewing, analysing, and predicting processes and events in the wide spectrum range of scientific fields. Therefore, in a field as rapidly developing as neuroscience, the combination of these two modellings can have a significant role in helping to guide the direction the field takes. The paper combined mathematical and computational modelling to prove a weakness in a very precious model in neuroscience. This paper is intended to analyse all-or-none principle in Hodgkin-Huxley mathematical model. By implementation the computational model of Hodgkin-Huxley model and applying the concept of all-or-none principle, an investigation on this mathematical model has been performed. The results clearly showed that the mathematical model of Hodgkin-Huxley does not observe this fundamental law in neurophysiology to generating action potentials. This study shows that further mathematical studies on the Hodgkin-Huxley model are needed in order to create a model without this weakness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-or-none" title="all-or-none">all-or-none</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20modelling" title=" computational modelling"> computational modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmembrane%20voltage" title=" transmembrane voltage"> transmembrane voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=action%20potential" title=" action potential"> action potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80739/all-or-none-principle-and-weakness-of-hodgkin-huxley-mathematical-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">617</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Evaluation Metrics for Machine Learning Techniques: A Comprehensive Review and Comparative Analysis of Performance Measurement Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed-Ali%20Sadegh-Zadeh">Seyed-Ali Sadegh-Zadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaveh%20Kavianpour"> Kaveh Kavianpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Atashbar"> Hamed Atashbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Heidari"> Elham Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Shiry%20Ghidary"> Saeed Shiry Ghidary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20M.%20Hajiyavand"> Amir M. Hajiyavand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Evaluation metrics play a critical role in assessing the performance of machine learning models. In this review paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of performance measurement approaches for machine learning models. For each category, we discuss the most widely used metrics, including their mathematical formulations and interpretation. Additionally, we provide a comparative analysis of performance measurement approaches for metric combinations. Our review paper aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a better understanding of performance measurement approaches and to aid in the selection of appropriate evaluation metrics for their specific applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20metrics" title="evaluation metrics">evaluation metrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20measurement" title=" performance measurement"> performance measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervised%20learning" title=" supervised learning"> supervised learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsupervised%20learning" title=" unsupervised learning"> unsupervised learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement%20learning" title=" reinforcement learning"> reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20robustness%20and%20stability" title=" model robustness and stability"> model robustness and stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative%20analysis" title=" comparative analysis"> comparative analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184552/evaluation-metrics-for-machine-learning-techniques-a-comprehensive-review-and-comparative-analysis-of-performance-measurement-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Energy Consumption Modeling for Strawberry Greenhouse Crop by Adaptive Nero Fuzzy Inference System Technique: A Case Study in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azar%20Khodabakhshi">Azar Khodabakhshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Bolandnazar"> Elham Bolandnazar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture as the most important food manufacturing sector is not only the energy consumer, but also is known as energy supplier. Using energy is considered as a helpful parameter for analyzing and evaluating the agricultural sustainability. In this study, the pattern of energy consumption of strawberry greenhouses of Jiroft in Kerman province of Iran was surveyed. The total input energy required in the strawberries production was calculated as 113314.71 MJ /ha. Electricity with 38.34% contribution of the total energy was considered as the most energy consumer in strawberry production. In this study, Neuro Fuzzy networks was used for function modeling in the production of strawberries. Results showed that the best model for predicting the strawberries function had a correlation coefficient, root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) equal to 0.9849, 0.0154 kg/ha and 0.11% respectively. Regards to these results, it can be said that Neuro Fuzzy method can be well predicted and modeled the strawberry crop function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20yield" title="crop yield">crop yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-fuzzy%20method" title=" neuro-fuzzy method"> neuro-fuzzy method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strawberry" title=" strawberry"> strawberry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70034/energy-consumption-modeling-for-strawberry-greenhouse-crop-by-adaptive-nero-fuzzy-inference-system-technique-a-case-study-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Problems of Water Resources : Vulnerability to Climate Change, Modeling with Software WEAP 21 (Upper and Middle Cheliff)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehaiguene%20Madjid">Mehaiguene Madjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meddi%20Mohamed"> Meddi Mohamed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The results of applying the model WEAP 21 or 'Water Evaluation and Planning System' in Upper and Middle Cheliff are presented in cartographic and graphic forms by considering two scenarios: -Reference scenario 1961-1990, -Climate change scenarios (low and high) for 2020 and 2050. These scenarios are presented together in the results and compared them to know the impact on aquatic systems and water resources. For the low scenario for 2050, a decrease in the rate of runoff / infiltration will be 81.4 to 3.7 Hm3 between 2010 and 2050. While for the high scenario for 2050, the reduction will be 87.2 to 78.9 Hm3 between 2010 and 2050. Comparing the two scenarios, shows that the water supplied will increase by 216.7 Hm3 to 596 Hm3 up to 2050 if we do not take account of climate change. Whereas, if climate change will decrease step by step: from 2010 to 2026: for the climate change scenario (high scenario) by 2050, water supplied from 346 Hm3 to 361 Hm3. That of the reference scenario (1961-1990) will increase to 379.7 Hm3 in 2050. This is caused by the increased demand (increased population, irrigated area, etc ). The balance water management basin is positive for the different Horizons and different situations. If we do not take account of climate change will be the outflow of 5881.4 Hm3. This excess at the basin can be used as part of a transfer for example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20water" title="balance water">balance water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20basin" title=" management basin"> management basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20scenario" title=" climate change scenario"> climate change scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Upper%20and%20Middle%20Cheliff" title=" Upper and Middle Cheliff"> Upper and Middle Cheliff</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35556/problems-of-water-resources-vulnerability-to-climate-change-modeling-with-software-weap-21-upper-and-middle-cheliff" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35556.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Experimental Investigation of Natural Frequency and Forced Vibration of Euler-Bernoulli Beam under Displacement of Concentrated Mass and Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aref%20Aasi">Aref Aasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Mehdi%20Aghaei"> Sadegh Mehdi Aghaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balaji%20Panchapakesan"> Balaji Panchapakesan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to evaluate the free and forced vibration of a beam with two end joints subjected to a concentrated moving mass and a load using the Euler-Bernoulli method. The natural frequency is calculated for different locations of the concentrated mass and load on the beam. The analytical results are verified by the experimental data. The variations of natural frequency as a function of the location of the mass, the effect of the forced frequency on the vibrational amplitude, and the displacement amplitude versus time are investigated. It is discovered that as the concentrated mass moves toward the center of the beam, the natural frequency of the beam and the relative error between experimental and analytical data decreases. There is a close resemblance between analytical data and experimental observations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Euler-Bernoulli%20beam" title="Euler-Bernoulli beam">Euler-Bernoulli beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20frequency" title=" natural frequency"> natural frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forced%20vibration" title=" forced vibration"> forced vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20setup" title=" experimental setup"> experimental setup</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144338/experimental-investigation-of-natural-frequency-and-forced-vibration-of-euler-bernoulli-beam-under-displacement-of-concentrated-mass-and-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Effect of the Truss System to the Flexural Behavior of the External Reinforced Concrete Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rudy%20Djamaluddin">Rudy Djamaluddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20Bachtiar"> Yasser Bachtiar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rita%20Irmawati"> Rita Irmawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd.%20Madjid%20Akkas"> Abd. Madjid Akkas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rusdi%20Usman%20Latief"> Rusdi Usman Latief</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aesthetic qualities and the versatility of reinforced concrete have made it a popular choice for many architects and structural engineers. Therefore, the exploration of natural materials such as gravels and sands as well as lime-stone for cement production is increasing to produce a concrete material. The exploration must affect to the environment. Therefore, the using of the concrete materials should be as efficient as possible. According to its natural behavior of the concrete material, it is strong in compression and weak in tension. Therefore the contribution of the tensile stresses of the concrete to the flexural capacity of the beams is neglected. However, removing of concrete on tension zone affects to the decreasing of flexural capacity. Introduce the strut action of truss structures may an alternative to solve the decreasing of flexural capacity. A series of specimens were prepared to clarify the effect of the truss structures in the concrete beams without concrete on the tension zone. Results indicated that the truss system is necessary for the external reinforced concrete beams. The truss system of concrete beam without concrete on tension zone (BR) could develop almost same capacity to the normal beam (BN). It can be observed also that specimens BR has lower number of cracks than specimen BN. This may be caused by the fact that there was no bonding effect on the tensile reinforcement on specimen BR to distribute the cracks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20reinforcement" title="external reinforcement">external reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truss" title=" truss"> truss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20beams" title=" concrete beams"> concrete beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20behavior" title=" flexural behavior"> flexural behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6409/effect-of-the-truss-system-to-the-flexural-behavior-of-the-external-reinforced-concrete-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Responses of Trifolium pratense to Lead Accumulation Under In-Vitro Culture Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Khorasani%20Esmaeili">Arash Khorasani Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosna%20Mat%20Taha"> Rosna Mat Taha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadegh%20Mohajer"> Sadegh Mohajer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Seeds of Trifolium pratense (Red clover) were exposed in vitro for 6 weeks to six levels of lead (Pb) concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 碌M) to analyze the effects on growth, total chlorophyll and total protein contents of grown plants against the lead accumulation. The growth of plants was negatively affected by various levels of lead treatment. The fresh and dry weights, as well as lengths of shoots and roots of grown plants under various lead treatments, were found significantly lower in comparison with the control plants. Total chlorophyll and total soluble protein contents of grown plants under lower concentrations of lead treatment did not show significant differences when compared with the control plants, although they were affected significantly in higher levels of lead accumulation (150-250 碌M). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trifolium%20pratense" title="trifolium pratense">trifolium pratense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20accumulation" title=" lead accumulation"> lead accumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll%20content" title=" chlorophyll content"> chlorophyll content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20content" title=" protein content"> protein content</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32059/responses-of-trifolium-pratense-to-lead-accumulation-under-in-vitro-culture-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Stability Analysis of DFIG Stator Powers Control Based on Sliding Mode Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Djoudi">Abdelhak Djoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hachemi%20Chekireb"> Hachemi Chekireb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Madjid%20Berkouk"> El Madjid Berkouk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) received recently an important consideration in medium and high power wind energy conversion systems integration, due to its advantages compared to other generators types. The stator power sliding mode control (SPSMC) proves a great efficiency judge against other control laws and schemes. In the SPSMC laws elaborated by several authors, only the slide surface tracking conditions are elaborated using Lyapunov functions, and the boundedness of the DFIG states is never treated. Some works have validated theirs approaches by experiments results in the case of specified machines, but these verifications stay insufficient to generalize to other machines range. Adding to this argument, the DFIG states boundedness demonstration is widely suggested in goal to ensure that in the application of the SPSMC, the states evaluates within theirs tolerable bounds. Our objective in the present paper is to highlight the efficiency of the SPSMC by stability analysis. The boundedness of the DFIG states such as the stator current and rotor flux is discussed. Moreover, the states trajectories are finding using analytical proves taking into consideration the SPSMC gains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doubly%20Fed%20Induction%20Generator%20%28DFIG%29" title="Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)">Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stator%20Powers%20Sliding%20Mode%20Control%20%28SPSMC%29" title=" Stator Powers Sliding Mode Control (SPSMC)"> Stator Powers Sliding Mode Control (SPSMC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lyapunov%20function" title=" lyapunov function"> lyapunov function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=states%20boundedness" title=" states boundedness"> states boundedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectories%20mathematical%20proves" title=" trajectories mathematical proves"> trajectories mathematical proves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1642/stability-analysis-of-dfig-stator-powers-control-based-on-sliding-mode-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Study of the Quality of Surface Water in the Upper Cheliff Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Touhari%20Fadhila">Touhari Fadhila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehaiguene%20Madjid"> Mehaiguene Madjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meddi%20Mohamed"> Meddi Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to assess the quality of water dams based on the monitoring of physical-chemical parameters by the National Agency of Water Resources (ANRH) for a period of 10 years (1999-2008). Quality sheets of surface water for the four dams in the region of upper Cheliff (Ghrib, Deurdeur, Harreza, and Ouled Mellouk) show a degradation of the quality (organic pollution expressed in COD and OM) over time. Indeed, the registered amount of COD often exceeds 50 mg/ l, and the OM exceeds 15 mg/l. This pollution is caused by discharges of wastewater and eutrophication. The waters of dams show a very high salinity (TDS = 2574 mg/l in 2008 for the waters of the dam Ghrib, standard = 1500 mg/l). The concentration of nitrogenous substances (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>) in water is high in 2008 at Ouled Melloukdam. This pollution is caused by the oxidation of nitrogenous organic matter. On the other hand, we studied the relationship between the evolution of quality parameters and filling dams. We observed a decrease in the salinity and COD following an improvement of the filling state of dams, this resides in the dilution water through the contribution of rainwater. While increased levels of nitrates and phosphorus in the waters of four dams studied during the rainy season is compared to the dry period, this increase may be due to leaching from fertilizers used in agricultural soils situated in watersheds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water%20quality" title="surface water quality">surface water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical-chemical%20parameters" title=" physical-chemical parameters"> physical-chemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20Cheliff%20basin." title=" upper Cheliff basin."> upper Cheliff basin.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36269/study-of-the-quality-of-surface-water-in-the-upper-cheliff-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Using Businesses for Governance and Creating Sustainable Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Toloue%20Hayat%20Azar">Parisa Toloue Hayat Azar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Businesses have been playing an important role in the economic growth and social welfare of cities; however, they generally have negative reputations regarding their impact on environmental issues regarding sustainability. However, some believe that by incorporating strategic Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, businesses will be able to solve problems in society, including environmental ones. Besides economic, social and environmental aspects, governance is another essential pillar for creating sustainable communities and cities. Governance plays a key role in the success of sustainable projects or creating long lasting legacies; an example of this can be creating circular supply chain with collaboration between different businesses, which in the end results in positive economic, social and environmental outcomes for everyone. Governance is a very important parameter in creating the legacy of low carbon and environmentally friendly city due to the fact that, besides building energy efficient buildings and infrastructure, citizens who are also part of the success of this system should know about how to behave and collaborate with others to make the system work. By deploying the philosophy of cultural historical activity theory, this paper explains how influential businesses have been and can be still used as a mediating tool for governance purposes, and succeed in creating shared value and lasting legacy within society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title="business">business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSR" title=" CSR"> CSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57109/using-businesses-for-governance-and-creating-sustainable-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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