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Myanmar–Vietnam relations - Wikipedia
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data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relations_entre_la_Birmanie_et_le_Vi%C3%AAt_Nam" title="Relations entre la Birmanie et le Viêt Nam – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Relations entre la Birmanie et le Viêt Nam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubungan_Myanmar_dengan_Vietnam" title="Hubungan Myanmar dengan Vietnam – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hubungan Myanmar dengan Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA-%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%86%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="ဗီယက်နမ်-မြန်မာ ဆက်ဆံရေး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗီယက်နမ်-မြန်မာ ဆက်ဆံရေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_entre_Myanmar_e_Vietn%C3%A3" title="Relações entre Myanmar e Vietnã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relações entre Myanmar e Vietnã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Burmese–Vietnamese relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Myanmar_Vietnam_Locator_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Vietnam"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Myanmar and Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Myanmar_Vietnam_Locator_%28cropped%29.png/250px-Myanmar_Vietnam_Locator_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Myanmar_Vietnam_Locator_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="241" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/68px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/90px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/68px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Embassy of Myanmar, Hanoi</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Embassy of Vietnam, Yangon</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Myanmar–Vietnam relations</b> refer to the <a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">historical and current relationship</a> between <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. Both are members of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ASEAN</a> and have engaged in relationship between two countries. Myanmar has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a> and a consulate general in <a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minh_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Hồ Chí Minh City">Hồ Chí Minh City</a> while Vietnam maintains their embassy in <a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1462, Vietnamese emperor <a href="/wiki/L%C3%AA_Th%C3%A1nh_T%C3%B4ng" title="Lê Thánh Tông">Lê Thánh Tông</a> while camping in today Laotian-Burmese border, he sent a welcome letter to the king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ava" title="Kingdom of Ava">Ava</a> in Central Myanmar.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Burmese embassy to Vietnam was 1822-1823 led by George Gibson, who was the son of an English mercenary, which arrived <a href="/wiki/Saigon" class="mw-redirect" title="Saigon">Saigon</a>. The Burmese king at the time was <a href="/wiki/Bagyidaw" title="Bagyidaw">Bagyidaw</a>. He was very keen to conquer <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a> and hoped Vietnam might be a useful ally. Vietnam had then just annexed Cambodia. The Vietnamese emperor was <a href="/wiki/Minh_M%E1%BA%A1ng" title="Minh Mạng">Minh Mạng</a>, who had just taken the throne after the death of his father, the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Nguyen_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Nguyen dynasty">Nguyen dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/Gia_Long" title="Gia Long">Gia Long</a>. A commercial delegation from Vietnam has recently been in Burma, eager to expand the trade in birds nests. Bagyidaw's interest in sending a return mission however was to secure a military alliance.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 19th century, both became colonies of <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">France</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_relations">Modern relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the Vietnamese <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%95i_m%E1%BB%9Bi" class="mw-redirect" title="Đổi mới">economic reform</a> at 1986, they focus on industrialization as a condition for communism, which can't be established in a peasant society<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, while Burma (later becomes Myanmar) had suffered significant economic setback after the failed <a href="/wiki/8888_Uprising" title="8888 Uprising">8888 Uprising</a>. The <a href="/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Council" title="State Peace and Development Council">State Peace and Development Council</a> ruling Burma had maintained cordial tie with Vietnam and several Burmese military figures, notably <a href="/wiki/Khin_Nyunt" title="Khin Nyunt">Khin Nyunt</a>, had paid visits to Vietnam in order to learn from Vietnam's economic reforms successes.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg/220px-KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg/330px-KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg/440px-KhinNyunt-Vietnam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption>Khin Nyunt reviews a Vietnamese honor guard at the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Palace,_Hanoi" title="Presidential Palace, Hanoi">Presidential Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, Vietnam</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_2011">Since 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Since 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%9315_Myanmar_political_reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="2011–15 Myanmar political reforms">political reforms in Myanmar</a> had changed political climate of Myanmar, and Vietnam became an active player. While <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> remain as traditional investors to Myanmar, several Vietnamese companies like <a href="/wiki/Viettel" title="Viettel">Viettel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hoang_Anh_Gia_Lai_Group" title="Hoang Anh Gia Lai Group">Hoang Anh Gia Lai Group</a> have increased activities in Myanmar. Viettel has become one of 5 largest telephone investors in Myanmar<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Hoang Anh Gia Lai has become a prominent investor in Myanmar. </p><p>Two countries have been engaging in further and deeper cooperations.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recently there are also increasing military cooperation between two states. The Vietnamese Government, through the military-owned Viettel, has provided arms and equipments, as well as sending military officials to train Burmese soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Tatmadaw" title="Tatmadaw">Tatmadaw</a> to engage against ethnic rebels amidst the <a href="/wiki/Internal_conflict_in_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal conflict in Myanmar">Myanmar civil conflict</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCoedès1968" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Coed%C3%A8s" class="mw-redirect" title="George Coedès">Coedès, George</a> (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). <i>The Indianized States of Southeast Asia</i>. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-0368-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-0368-1"><bdi>978-0-8248-0368-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indianized+States+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-0368-1&rft.aulast=Coed%C3%A8s&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ming_Shilu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ming Shilu">Ming Shilu</a>, volume 3, p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLost_Footsteps" class="citation web cs1">Lost Footsteps. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lostfootsteps.org/en/history/diplomatic-relations-between-burma-and-vietnam">"Diplomatic relations between Burma and Vietnam"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Diplomatic+relations+between+Burma+and+Vietnam&rft.au=Lost+Footsteps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flostfootsteps.org%2Fen%2Fhistory%2Fdiplomatic-relations-between-burma-and-vietnam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/2783964.pdf">Chinese Business in Penang and Tenasserim (Burma) in the 1820s: A Glimpse from a Vietnamese Travelogue</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=20355">"A Vietnam Syndrome for Burma?"</a>. <i>The Irrawaddy</i>. December 21, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Irrawaddy&rft.atitle=A+Vietnam+Syndrome+for+Burma%3F&rft.date=2010-12-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.irrawaddy.com%2Farticle.php%3Fart_id%3D20355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/science-it/185528/viettel-to-launch-myanmar-4g-network.html">"Viettel to launch Myanmar 4G network"</a>. <i>Vietnamnet</i>. 29 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vietnamnet&rft.atitle=Viettel+to+launch+Myanmar+4G+network&rft.date=2017-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.vietnamnet.vn%2Ffms%2Fscience-it%2F185528%2Fviettel-to-launch-myanmar-4g-network.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/government/165897/providing-an-impetus-for-vietnam-myanmar-relations.html">"Providing an impetus for Vietnam-Myanmar relations"</a>. <i>Vietnamnet</i>. 26 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vietnamnet&rft.atitle=Providing+an+impetus+for+Vietnam-Myanmar+relations&rft.date=2016-10-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.vietnamnet.vn%2Ffms%2Fgovernment%2F165897%2Fproviding-an-impetus-for-vietnam-myanmar-relations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mmtimes.com/news/myanmar-and-vietnam-take-their-relations-next-level.html">"Myanmar and Vietnam take their relations to the next level"</a>. <i>Myanmar Times</i>. September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Myanmar+Times&rft.atitle=Myanmar+and+Vietnam+take+their+relations+to+the+next+level&rft.date=2017-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mmtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fmyanmar-and-vietnam-take-their-relations-next-level.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.qdnd.vn/military/intl-relations-and-cooperation/vietnam-myanmar-expand-defense-relationship-485375">"Vietnam, Myanmar expand defense relationship"</a>. <i>People's Army Newspaper</i>. October 3, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=People%27s+Army+Newspaper&rft.atitle=Vietnam%2C+Myanmar+expand+defense+relationship&rft.date=2017-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.qdnd.vn%2Fmilitary%2Fintl-relations-and-cooperation%2Fvietnam-myanmar-expand-defense-relationship-485375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vnembassy-yangon.mofa.gov.vn/en-us/Pages/default.aspx/">Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Myanmar&#124;link=Myanmar_Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Template:Foreign relations of Myanmar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Myanmar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Myanmar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Myanmar&#124;link=Myanmar_Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar"><img alt="Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Foreign relations of Myanmar">Foreign relations of Myanmar</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Myanmar–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Myanmar–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Myanmar"><img alt="Coat of arms of Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/90px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/135px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg/180px-State_seal_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="418" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Bangladesh–Myanmar relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Brunei–Myanmar relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="China–Myanmar relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="East Timor–Myanmar relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Georgia–Myanmar relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="India–Myanmar relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Indonesia–Myanmar relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Israel–Myanmar relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Japan–Myanmar relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Laos–Myanmar relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Malaysia–Myanmar relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Myanmar–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Myanmar–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Myanmar–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Myanmar–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Myanmar–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Myanmar–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Myanmar–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Myanmar–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Myanmar–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Myanmar–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Myanmar–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Denmark–Myanmar relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="France–Myanmar relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Germany–Myanmar relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Holy See–Myanmar relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Myanmar–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Myanmar–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Myanmar–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Myanmar–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burma%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Burma–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Myanmar" title="List of diplomatic missions of Myanmar">Diplomatic missions of Myanmar</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Myanmar" title="List of diplomatic missions in Myanmar">in Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_diaspora" title="Burmese diaspora">Burmese diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Vietnam&#124;link=Vietnam_Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Vietnam&#124;link=Vietnam_Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Foreign relations of Vietnam">Foreign relations of Vietnam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Algeria–Vietnam relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Angola–Vietnam relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Kenya–Vietnam relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Libya–Vietnam relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Madagascar–Vietnam relations">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Tanzania–Vietnam relations">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coat of arms of Vietnam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/135px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="529" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Canada–Vietnam relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Chile–Vietnam relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cuba–Vietnam relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mexico–Vietnam relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Peru–Vietnam relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United States–Vietnam relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Uruguay–Vietnam relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Venezuela–Vietnam relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Afghanistan–Vietnam relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bangladesh–Vietnam relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Brunei–Vietnam relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cambodia–Vietnam relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="China–Vietnam relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Indonesia–Vietnam relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iran–Vietnam relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iraq–Vietnam relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Israel–Vietnam relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Laos–Vietnam relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Malaysia–Vietnam relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mongolia–Vietnam relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="North Korea–Vietnam relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Pakistan–Vietnam relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Palestine–Vietnam relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Philippines–Vietnam relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Qatar–Vietnam relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Vietnam relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Singapore–Vietnam relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="South Korea–Vietnam relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Thailand–Vietnam relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Turkey–Vietnam relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–Vietnam relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Austria–Vietnam relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Belarus–Vietnam relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bulgaria–Vietnam relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Czech Republic–Vietnam relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Denmark–Vietnam relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Finland–Vietnam relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="France–Vietnam relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Germany–Vietnam relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Greece–Vietnam relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Holy See–Vietnam relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Hungary–Vietnam relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Italy–Vietnam relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Luxembourg–Vietnam relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Poland–Vietnam relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Russia–Vietnam relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Slovakia–Vietnam relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Spain–Vietnam relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Ukraine–Vietnam relations">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Australia–Vietnam relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="New Zealand–Vietnam relations">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Vietnam–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Vietnam–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memberships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Vietnam and the International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">Mekong–Ganga Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions of Vietnam">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions in Vietnam">in Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_diplomacy" title="Bamboo diplomacy">Bamboo diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Vietnam" title="Foreign aid to Vietnam">Foreign aid to Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Vietnamese" title="Overseas Vietnamese">Overseas Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en">Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 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.navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/21px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/42px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vietnam" 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