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cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Qiyofa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_uz.wikipedia.org&uselang=uz" class=""><span>Loyihaga koʻmak</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:CreateAccount&returnto=Markaziy+kuchlar" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud boʻlmasa-da, hisob yaratishingiz va tizimga kirishingiz tavsiya etiladi." class=""><span>Hisob yaratish</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:UserLogin&returnto=Markaziy+kuchlar" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud bo‘lmasa-da, kirishingiz taklif qilinadi. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Kirish</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Koʻproq opsiyalar" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Shaxsiy uskunalar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Shaxsiy uskunalar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Foydalanuvchi menyusi" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_uz.wikipedia.org&uselang=uz"><span>Loyihaga koʻmak</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:CreateAccount&returnto=Markaziy+kuchlar" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud boʻlmasa-da, hisob yaratishingiz va tizimga kirishingiz tavsiya etiladi."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hisob yaratish</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:UserLogin&returnto=Markaziy+kuchlar" title="Bu majburiyat mavjud bo‘lmasa-da, kirishingiz taklif qilinadi. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Kirish</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chiqishni amalga oshirgan tahrirchilar uchun sahifalar <a href="/wiki/Yordam:Mundarija" aria-label="Tahrirlash haqida batafsil maʼlumot"><span>batafsil maʼlumot</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:MyContributions" title="Bu IP-manzildan amalga oshirilgan tahrirlar roʻyxati [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Qoʻshilgan hissa</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:MyTalk" title="Bu IP-manzildan amalga oshirilgan tahrirlar munozarasi [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Munozara</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mundarija" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mundarija</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kirish</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Aʼzo_davlatlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aʼzo_davlatlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Aʼzo davlatlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aʼzo_davlatlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jangchilar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jangchilar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Jangchilar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jangchilar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jangchilar subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jangchilar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Germaniya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germaniya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Germaniya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germaniya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urush_asoslari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urush_asoslari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Urush asoslari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urush_asoslari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Koloniyalar_va_qaramliklar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Koloniyalar_va_qaramliklar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Koloniyalar va qaramliklar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Koloniyalar_va_qaramliklar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avstriya-Vengriya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avstriya-Vengriya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Avstriya-Vengriya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avstriya-Vengriya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urush_asoslari_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urush_asoslari_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Urush asoslari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urush_asoslari_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usmonli_imperiyasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usmonli_imperiyasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Usmonli imperiyasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usmonli_imperiyasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urush_asoslari_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urush_asoslari_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Urush asoslari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urush_asoslari_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolgariya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolgariya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Bolgariya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolgariya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urush_asoslari_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urush_asoslari_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Urush asoslari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urush_asoslari_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urush_deklaratsiyasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urush_deklaratsiyasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Urush deklaratsiyasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urush_deklaratsiyasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birgalikda_kurashayotganlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birgalikda_kurashayotganlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Birgalikda kurashayotganlar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Birgalikda_kurashayotganlar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Birgalikda kurashayotganlar subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Birgalikda_kurashayotganlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Janubiy_Afrika_Respublikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Janubiy_Afrika_Respublikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Janubiy Afrika Respublikasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Janubiy_Afrika_Respublikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senussi_ordeni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senussi_ordeni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Senussi ordeni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senussi_ordeni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Darfur_sultonligi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Darfur_sultonligi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Darfur sultonligi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Darfur_sultonligi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zaian_Konfederatsiyasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zaian_Konfederatsiyasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Zaian Konfederatsiyasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zaian_Konfederatsiyasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mijoz_davlatlari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mijoz_davlatlari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mijoz davlatlari</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mijoz_davlatlari-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mijoz davlatlari subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mijoz_davlatlari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Germaniya_soyasidagi_davlatlari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germaniya_soyasidagi_davlatlari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Germaniya soyasidagi davlatlari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germaniya_soyasidagi_davlatlari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usmonli_mijoz_davlatlari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usmonli_mijoz_davlatlari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Usmonli mijoz davlatlari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usmonli_mijoz_davlatlari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bahsli_holatlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bahsli_holatlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bahsli holatlar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bahsli_holatlar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bahsli holatlar subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bahsli_holatlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Efiopiya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efiopiya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Efiopiya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efiopiya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nodavlat_jangchilar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nodavlat_jangchilar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nodavlat jangchilar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nodavlat_jangchilar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sulh_va_shartnomalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sulh_va_shartnomalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sulh va shartnomalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sulh_va_shartnomalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manbalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adabiyotlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adabiyotlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Adabiyotlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adabiyotlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mundarija" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Markaziy kuchlar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 78 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-78" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">78 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentrale_Moondhede" title="Sentrale Moondhede – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sentrale Moondhede" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B2" title="قوى المركز – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قوى المركز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ttifaq_d%C3%B6vl%C9%99tl%C9%99ri" title="İttifaq dövlətləri – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İttifaq dövlətləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="اتفاق دؤولتلری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتفاق دؤولتلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Цэнтральныя дзяржавы – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэнтральныя дзяржавы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Цэнтральныя дзяржавы – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цэнтральныя дзяржавы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Централни сили – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Централни сили" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="কেন্দ্রীয় শক্তি – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কেন্দ্রীয় শক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galloudo%C3%B9_kreiz" title="Galloudoù kreiz – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Galloudoù kreiz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralne_sile" title="Centralne sile – bosniy" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Centralne sile" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pot%C3%A8ncies_Centrals" title="Potències Centrals – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Potències Centrals" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8E%D8%B2%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ھێزەکانی ناوەند – sorani-kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھێزەکانی ناوەند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani-kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ast%C5%99edn%C3%AD_mocnosti" title="Ústřední mocnosti – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ústřední mocnosti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralmagterne" title="Centralmagterne – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Centralmagterne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittelm%C3%A4chte" title="Mittelmächte – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mittelmächte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82" title="Κεντρικές Δυνάμεις – grek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κεντρικές Δυνάμεις" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Central Powers" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centraj_Potencoj" title="Centraj Potencoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Centraj Potencoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencias_Centrales" title="Potencias Centrales – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Potencias Centrales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskriigid" title="Keskriigid – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keskriigid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdialdeko_Inperioak" title="Erdialdeko Inperioak – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erdialdeko Inperioak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="قدرت‌های مرکزی – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قدرت‌های مرکزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskusvallat" title="Keskusvallat – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keskusvallat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskriigiq" title="Keskriigiq – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Keskriigiq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0veldi" title="Miðveldi – farercha" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Miðveldi" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="farercha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empires_centraux" title="Empires centraux – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empires centraux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperis_Centr%C3%A2i" title="Imperis Centrâi – friul" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Imperis Centrâi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintrale_Steaten" title="Sintrale Steaten – g‘arbiy friz" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sintrale Steaten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="g‘arbiy friz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencias_Centrais" title="Potencias Centrais – galisiy" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Potencias Centrais" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96" title="מעצמות המרכז – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מעצמות המרכז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralne_sile" title="Centralne sile – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Centralne sile" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6zponti_hatalmak" title="Központi hatalmak – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Központi hatalmak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կենտրոնական տերություններ – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կենտրոնական տերություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blok_Sentral" title="Blok Sentral – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Blok Sentral" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrala_potenti" title="Centrala potenti – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Centrala potenti" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0veldin" title="Miðveldin – island" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Miðveldin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="island" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_centrali" title="Imperi centrali – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Imperi centrali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="中央同盟国 – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中央同盟国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B" title="មហាអំណាចកណ្ដាល – xmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="មហាអំណាចកណ្ដាល" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="xmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%A7%B9%EA%B5%AD_(%EC%A0%9C1%EC%B0%A8_%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84_%EB%8C%80%EC%A0%84)" title="동맹국 (제1차 세계 대전) – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동맹국 (제1차 세계 대전)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Төрттүк союз – qirgʻizcha" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Төрттүк союз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qirgʻizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperia_centralia" title="Imperia centralia – lotincha" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Imperia centralia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_centrai" title="Imperi centrai – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Imperi centrai" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrini%C5%B3_valstybi%C5%B3_s%C4%85junga" title="Centrinių valstybių sąjunga – litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Centrinių valstybių sąjunga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81s_lielvalstis" title="Centrālās lielvalstis – latishcha" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Centrālās lielvalstis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latishcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Централни сили – makedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Централни сили" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="കേന്ദ്രീയശക്തികൾ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കേന്ദ്രീയശക്തികൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuasa_Tengah" title="Kuasa Tengah – malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuasa Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဗဟိုအင်အားကြီး နိုင်ငံများ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗဟိုအင်အားကြီး နိုင်ငံများ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrale_mogendheden" title="Centrale mogendheden – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Centrale mogendheden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentralmaktene" title="Sentralmaktene – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sentralmaktene" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentralmaktene" title="Sentralmaktene – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sentralmaktene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%84stwa_centralne" title="Państwa centralne – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Państwa centralne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="مرکزی طاقتاں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مرکزی طاقتاں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pot%C3%AAncias_Centrais" title="Potências Centrais – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Potências Centrais" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puterile_Centrale" title="Puterile Centrale – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Puterile Centrale" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Центральные державы – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Центральные державы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Централны державы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Централны державы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Pouers" title="Central Pouers – shotland" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Central Pouers" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="shotland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralne_sile" title="Centralne sile – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Centralne sile" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Central Powers" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Astredn%C3%A9_ve%C4%BEmoci" title="Ústredné veľmoci – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ústredné veľmoci" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralne_sile" title="Centralne sile – slovencha" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Centralne sile" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovencha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuqit%C3%AB_Qendrore" title="Fuqitë Qendrore – alban" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fuqitë Qendrore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="alban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Централне силе – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Централне силе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralmakterna" title="Centralmakterna – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Centralmakterna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mataifa_ya_Kati" title="Mataifa ya Kati – suaxili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mataifa ya Kati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaxili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="மைய சக்திகள் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மைய சக்திகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9D%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ฝ่ายมหาอำนาจกลาง – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฝ่ายมหาอำนาจกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapangyarihang_Sentral" title="Kapangyarihang Sentral – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kapangyarihang Sentral" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ttifak_Devletleri" title="İttifak Devletleri – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İttifak Devletleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Центральні держави – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Центральні держави" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="مرکزی طاقتیں – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مرکزی طاقتیں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_minh_Trung_t%C3%A2m" title="Liên minh Trung tâm – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên minh Trung tâm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%EF%BC%89" title="同盟国（第一次世界大战） – vu xitoy" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="同盟国（第一次世界大战）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9C%8B_(%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0)" title="同盟國 (第一次世界大戰) – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="同盟國 (第一次世界大戰)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4ng-b%C3%AAng-kok_(T%C4%93-it-chh%C3%B9_S%C3%A8-k%C3%A0i_T%C4%81i-chi%C3%A0n)" title="Tông-bêng-kok (Tē-it-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tông-bêng-kok (Tē-it-chhù Sè-kài Tāi-chiàn)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9C%8B_(%E4%B8%80%E6%88%B0)" title="同盟國 (一戰) – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="同盟國 (一戰)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q152283#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markaziy_kuchlar" title="Sahifani ko‘rish [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqola</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munozara:Markaziy_kuchlar" rel="discussion" title="Sahifa matni borasida munozara [t]" 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accesskey="v"><span>Tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit" title="Sahifa manba kodini tahrirlash [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Manbasini tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=history" title="Bu sahifaning oʻzgarishlar tarixi [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tarix</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Asboblar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Asboblar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Asboblar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Koʻproq opsiyalar" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Amallar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Markaziy_kuchlar"><span>Mutolaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit" title="Bu sahifani tahrirlash [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit" title="Sahifa manba kodini tahrirlash [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Manbasini tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=history"><span>Tarix</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umumiy </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:WhatLinksHere/Markaziy_kuchlar" title="Ushbu sahifaga bogʻlangan sahifalar roʻyxati [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Bu yerga ishoratlar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:RecentChangesLinked/Markaziy_kuchlar" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sahifaga bogʻlangan sahifalardagi yangi oʻzgarishlar [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Bogʻliq oʻzgarishlar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:SpecialPages" title="Maxsus sahifalar ro‘yxati [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Maxsus sahifalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&oldid=5238414" title="Sahifaning ushbu versiyasiga doimiy ishorat"><span>Doimiy havola</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=info" title="Bu sahifa haqida koʻproq maʼlumot"><span>Sahifa haqida maʼlumot</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:CiteThisPage&page=Markaziy_kuchlar&id=5238414&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Sahifadan matn parchasi ajratish</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMarkaziy_kuchlar"><span>Qisqartirilgan URL-manzilni olish</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMarkaziy_kuchlar"><span>QR-kodni yuklab 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wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Central_Powers" hreflang="en"><span>Vikiombor</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q152283" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikimaʼlumotlar bandi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Qiyofa"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Qiyofa</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="uz" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2451273">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .bilgiquti-sarlavha,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .bilgiquti-belgi,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .bilgiquti-matn,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .bilgiquti-full-matn,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .bilgiquti-pastki{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .bilgiquti-belgi,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .bilgiquti-matn,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .bilgiquti-full-matn{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .bilgiquti-belgi,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .bilgiquti-matn,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .bilgiquti-full-matn{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .bilgiquti-sarlavha{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .bilgiquti-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .bilgiquti-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style> <table class="infobox ib-country vcard" cellspacing="1" style="width:270px;"> <tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Maqom</th> <td class="" style=""> Harbiy ittifoq</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Tarixiy era</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/Birinchi_jahon_urushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Birinchi jahon urushi">Birinchi jahon urushi</a></td></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <table style="width:95%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Avvalgi davlat</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikkilik_ittifoqi_(1879)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikkilik ittifoqi (1879) (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Ikkilik ittifoqi (1879)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uch_tomonlama_ittifoq_(1882)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uch tomonlama ittifoq (1882) (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Uch tomonlama ittifoq (1882)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germaniya-Usmonli_ittifoqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germaniya-Usmonli ittifoqi (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Germaniya-Usmonli ittifoqi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usmonli-Bolgariya_ittifoqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Usmonli-Bolgariya ittifoqi (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Usmonli-Bolgariya ittifoqi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolgariya-Germaniya_shartnomasi_(1915)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolgariya-Germaniya shartnomasi (1915) (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Bolgariya-Germaniya shartnomasi (1915)</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg/290px-Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg/220px-Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg/330px-Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg/440px-Leaders_of_the_Central_Powers_-_Vierbund.jpg 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption> <ul style="list-style: none none; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><li style="">Markaziy kuchlar rahbarlari (chapdan o'ngga):</li><li style="">Kayzer Germaniyasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm II, German Emperor (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Wilhelm II</a> ;</li><li style="">Kayzer Avstriya-Vengriyasi va qirol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Franz Joseph</a></li><li style="">Usmonli imperiyasi Sultoni <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_V" title="Mehmed V">Mehmed V</a></li><li style="">Bolgariya podshosi</li><li style="">Sarlovhada:</li><li style="">"Vereinte Kräfte führen zum Ziel"</li><li style="">"Birlashgan kuchlar maqsad sari yetaklaydi"</li></ul> </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Markaziy kuchlar</b>, shuningdek, <b>Markaziy imperiyalar</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Birinchi_jahon_urushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Birinchi jahon urushi">Birinchi jahon urushida</a> (1914-18) kurashgan ikkita asosiy koalitsiyadan biri. U <a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi">Germaniya imperiyasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Usmonlilar_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonlilar imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a> va Bolgariya Qirolligidan iborat boʻlib, shuningdek, <b>Toʻrtlar ittifoqi sifatida ham tanilgan</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Bu mamlakatlarning mustamlakalari, shuningdek, Germaniya Yangi Gvineyasi va Germaniya Sharqiy Afrikasi kabi markaziy kuchlar tomonida, ularning deyarli barcha mustamlakalari ittifoqchilar tomonidan bosib olinmaguncha kurashdilar. </p><p>Markaziy kuchlar <a href="/wiki/Antanta" title="Antanta">Antanta</a> atrofida tuzilgan Ittifoq kuchlari bilan toʻqnash keldi va magʻlub boʻldi. Markaziy kuchlarning kelib chiqishi <a href="/wiki/Avstriya%E2%80%93Germaniya_shartnomasi" title="Avstriya–Germaniya shartnomasi">1879-yilda tuzilgan Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya ittifoqiga borib taqaladi</a>. Oldin nominal ravishda Uchlik ittifoqiga qoʻshilgan boʻlishiga qaramay, Italiya Markaziy kuchlar tomonida Birinchi Jahon urushida qatnashmadi. Garchi Usmonli imperiyasi XX asr boshidan beri Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya bilan yaqin munosabatlarni saqlab qolgan boʻlsa ham, Usmonli va Bolgariya Birinchi jahon urushi boshlanganidan keyin qoʻshilgan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aʼzo_davlatlar"><span id="A.CA.BCzo_davlatlar"></span>Aʼzo davlatlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Aʼzo davlatlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Aʼzo davlatlar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Markaziy kuchlar urush boshida <a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi">Germaniya imperiyasi</a> va <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasidan</a> iborat edi. Keyinchalik 1914-yilda <a href="/wiki/Usmonlilar_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonlilar imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a>, 1915-yilda Bolgariya Qirolligi qoʻshildi. „Markaziy kuchlar“ nomi ushbu mamlakatlarning joylashuvidan kelib chiqqan; toʻrttasi (shu jumladan Finlandiya va Litvadan tashqari ularni qoʻllab-quvvatlagan boshqa guruhlar) sharqda <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_imperiyasi" title="Rossiya imperiyasi">Rossiya imperiyasi</a> va gʻarbda Fransiya va Buyuk Britaniya oʻrtasida joylashgan edi. Finlandiya, <a href="/wiki/Ozarbayjon_Demokratik_Respublikasi" title="Ozarbayjon Demokratik Respublikasi">Ozarbayjon</a> va Litva 1918-yilda urush tugashidan oldin va Rossiya imperiyasi parchalanganidan keyin ularga qoʻshildi. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/World_War_1.gif/290px-World_War_1.gif"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:World_War_1.gif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/World_War_1.gif/220px-World_War_1.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/World_War_1.gif/330px-World_War_1.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/World_War_1.gif/440px-World_War_1.gif 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="555" /></a><figcaption> <ul style="list-style: none none; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;"><li style=""><b>Birinchi jahon urushi davrida ittifoqchi va markaziy kuchlar</b></li><li style=""><span style="background-color:#088A08; color:black; border:1px solid silver; text-align:center;">    </span> Ittifoq kuchlari</li><li style=""><span style="background-color:#01DF01; color:black; border:1px solid silver; text-align:center;">    </span> Ittifoqdosh koloniyalar, hukmronliklar, hududlar yoki ishgʻollar</li><li style=""><span style="background-color:#FE9A2E; color:black; border:1px solid silver; text-align:center;">    </span> Markaziy kuchlar</li><li style=""><span style="background-color:#F7BE81; color:black; border:1px solid silver; text-align:center;">    </span> Markaziy kuchlarning koloniyalari yoki ishgʻollari</li><li style=""><span style="background-color:#BDBDBD; color:black; border:1px solid silver; text-align:center;">    </span> Neytral davlatlar</li></ul> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/FR-WW1-1914.png/220px-FR-WW1-1914.png"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:FR-WW1-1914.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/FR-WW1-1914.png/220px-FR-WW1-1914.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/FR-WW1-1914.png/330px-FR-WW1-1914.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/FR-WW1-1914.png/440px-FR-WW1-1914.png 2x" data-file-width="3223" data-file-height="2324" /></a><figcaption> Yevropa. 1914-yil</figcaption></figure> <p>Markaziy kuchlar quyidagi xalqlardan iborat edi:<sup id="cite_ref-meyer_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meyer-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable nowrap"> <tbody><tr> <th>Millat </th> <th>Jahon urushiga kirgan </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya" title="Avstriya-Vengriya"><img alt="Avstriya-Vengriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/23px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/35px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/45px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya</a> </td> <td>1914-yil 28-iyul </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi"><img alt="Germaniya imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germaniya" title="Germaniya">Germaniya</a> </td> <td>1914-yil 1-avgust </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Usmoniylar_imperiyasi" title="Usmoniylar imperiyasi"><img alt="Usmoniylar imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Usmonli_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonli imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a> </td> <td>1914-yil 2-avgust <small style="font-size:85%;">(yashirin)</small><br /><br /><br /><br /> 1914-yil 29-oktyabr <small style="font-size:85%;">(ommaviy)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya">Bolgariya</a> </td> <td>1915-yil 14-oktyabr </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/220px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/220px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/330px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/440px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption> Markaziy kuchlarning oʻlimi</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Markaziy kuchlarning iqtisodiy statistikasi<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th>Aholi<br /> (million) </th> <th>Yer<br /> (million km <sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>YaIM<br /> (milliard dollar) </th> <th>Aholi jon boshiga YaIM<br /> ($) </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi"><img alt="Germaniya imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germaniya" title="Germaniya">Germaniya</a> (1914) </td> <td>Materik </td> <td align="right">67,0 </td> <td align="right">0,5 </td> <td align="right">244.3 </td> <td align="right">3648 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_mustamlakachiligi" title="Germaniya mustamlakachiligi">Koloniyalar</a> </td> <td align="right">10.7 </td> <td align="right">3.0 </td> <td align="right">6.4 </td> <td align="right">601 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Jami</i> </td> <td align="right">77.7 </td> <td align="right">3.5 </td> <td align="right">250.7 </td> <td align="right">3227 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya" title="Avstriya-Vengriya"><img alt="Avstriya-Vengriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/23px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/35px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/45px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya</a> (1914) </td> <td align="right">50.6 </td> <td align="right">0,6 </td> <td align="right">100.5 </td> <td align="right">1986 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Usmoniylar_imperiyasi" title="Usmoniylar imperiyasi"><img alt="Usmoniylar imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Usmonli_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonli imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a> (1914) </td> <td align="right">23.0 </td> <td align="right">1.8 </td> <td align="right">25.3 </td> <td align="right">1100 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya">Bolgariya</a> (1915) </td> <td align="right">4.8 </td> <td align="right">0.1 </td> <td align="right">7.4 </td> <td align="right">1527 </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ccc;"> <td colspan="2"><b>Jami</b> </td> <td align="right">156.1 </td> <td align="right">6.0 </td> <td align="right">383,9 </td> <td align="right">2459 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"> <caption>Markaziy kuchlarning harbiy statistikasi<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable"> </th> <th style="width:13.3%;">safarbar qilingan </th> <th style="width:13.3%;">Harakatda oʻldirilgan </th> <th style="width:13.3%;">Yaralangan </th> <th style="width:13.3%;">Amalda yoʻqolgan </th> <th style="width:13.3%;">Jami qurbonlar </th> <th>Safar qilingan jami kuchlarning ulushi </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi"><img alt="Germaniya imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germaniya" title="Germaniya">Germaniya</a> </td> <td>13 250 000 </td> <td>1 808 546 (13,65 %) </td> <td>4 247 143 </td> <td>1 152 800 </td> <td>7 208 489 </td> <td>66 % </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya" title="Avstriya-Vengriya"><img alt="Avstriya-Vengriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/23px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/35px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/45px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya" class="mw-redirect" title="Avstriya-Vengriya">Avstriya-Vengriya</a> </td> <td>7 800 000 </td> <td>922 500 (11,82 %) </td> <td>3 620 000 </td> <td>2 200 000 </td> <td>6 742 500 </td> <td>86 % </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Usmoniylar_imperiyasi" title="Usmoniylar imperiyasi"><img alt="Usmoniylar imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Usmonli_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonli imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a> </td> <td>2 998 321 </td> <td>325 000 (10,84 %) </td> <td>400 000 </td> <td>250 000 </td> <td>975 000 </td> <td>34 % </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya">Bolgariya</a> </td> <td>1 200 000 </td> <td>75 844 (6,32 %) </td> <td>153 390 </td> <td>27 029 </td> <td>255,263 </td> <td>21 % </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ccc;"> <td align="left"><b>Jami</b> </td> <td>25 257 321 </td> <td>3 131 890 </td> <td>8 419 533 </td> <td>3 629 829 </td> <td>15,181,252 </td> <td>66 % </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jangchilar">Jangchilar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Jangchilar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Jangchilar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germaniya">Germaniya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Germaniya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Germaniya"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urush_asoslari">Urush asoslari</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Urush asoslari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Urush asoslari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG/220px-German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG/220px-German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG/330px-German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG/440px-German_infantry_1914_HD-SN-99-02296.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1089" /></a><figcaption> Nemis askarlari 1914-yil avgustda urush boshlanganidan koʻp oʻtmay Gʻarbiy frontda jang maydonida</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025,_Warschau,_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R42025%2C_Warschau%2C_Einmarsch_deutscher_Kavallerie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="538" /></a><figcaption> 1915-yilda <a href="/wiki/Varshava" title="Varshava">Varshavaga</a> nemis otliqlari kirib kelishi</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg/220px-SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg/220px-SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg/330px-SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg/440px-SMS_Seydlitz_damage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="472" /></a><figcaption> Germaniya jangovar kreyser SMS Yutlandiya jangidan keyin koʻrgan zarari</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fordi-2.jpg/220px-Fordi-2.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Fordi-2.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fordi-2.jpg/220px-Fordi-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fordi-2.jpg/330px-Fordi-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Fordi-2.jpg/440px-Fordi-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1192" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption> Germaniyaning Fokker Dr.I qiruvchi samolyoti <i>Jasta</i> 26 Fransiyaning Germaniya tomonidan bosib olingan hududidagi Erchin shahrida.</figcaption></figure> <p>1914-yil iyul oyi boshida Avstriya-Vengriya <a href="/wiki/Franz_Ferdinand" title="Franz Ferdinand">archgersogi Frans Ferdinandning</a> oʻldirilishi va Avstriya-Vengriya va <a href="/wiki/Serbiya" title="Serbiya">Serbiya</a> oʻrtasidagi urushning ehtimoli tufayli Kayzer <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II_(Germaniya_imperatori)" title="Wilhelm II (Germaniya imperatori)">Vilgelm II</a> va Germaniya hukumati Avstriya-Vengriya hukumatiga Germaniya oʻz ittifoqini qoʻllab-quvvatlashi haqida xabar berishdi. Avstriya-Vengriya bilan va agar Avstriya-Vengriya va Serbiya oʻrtasida urush boʻlsa, Germaniya uni Rossiyaning mumkin boʻlgan aralashuvidan himoya qilishga vaʼda berdi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rossiya <a href="/wiki/Safarbarlik" title="Safarbarlik">umumiy safarbarlik</a> eʼlon qilganida, Germaniya bu harakatni provokatsiya deb hisobladi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Rossiya hukumati Germaniyaga uning umumiy safarbarligi Germaniya bilan urushga tayyorgarlik koʻrishni anglatmaydi, balki Avstriya-Vengriya va Serbiya oʻrtasidagi voqealarga reaksiya ekanligini maʼlum qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Germaniya hukumati Rossiyaning Germaniya bilan urush qilmaslik haqidagi vaʼdasini umumiy safarbarlik nuqtai nazaridan bemaʼnilik deb hisobladi va Germaniya oʻz navbatida urush tufayli oʻzi ham safarbarlik eʼlon qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 1-avgust kuni Germaniya Rossiyaga ultimatum yubordi va unda Germaniya ham, Rossiya ham harbiy safarbarlik holatida boʻlgani sababli, ikki davlat oʻrtasida samarali urush holati mavjud edi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Oʻsha kuni Rossiyaning ittifoqchisi boʻlgan Fransiya ham umumiy safarbarlik holatini eʼlon qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>1914-yil avgust oyida Germaniya Rossiyaga qarshi urush boshladi, bu Rossiyaning tajovuzi rus armiyasining safarbar qilinishi bilan namoyon boʻldi, bu esa Germaniyaning ham javob berishiga olib keldi<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Germaniya Rossiyaga urush eʼlon qilgandan soʻng, Fransiya Rossiya bilan ittifoq tuzgan holda urushni umumiy safarbarlik tayyorlagan holda kutdi. 1914-yil 3 avgustda Germaniya bu harakatga javoban Fransiyaga urush eʼlon qildi<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ikki frontli urushga duch kelgan Germaniya, Germaniya qurolli kuchlari Belgiya orqali harakatlanishi va janubga Fransiyaga va Fransiya poytaxti Parijga qarab harakatlanishi kerak boʻlgan Schlieffen rejasi deb nomlanuvchi rejani amalga oshirdi. Ushbu reja fransuzlarga qarshi tezda gʻalaba qozonish va nemis kuchlarini Sharqiy frontda jamlash imkonini beradi deb umid qilingan edi. Belgiya neytral davlat edi va nemis qoʻshinlarining oʻz hududidan oʻtishini qabul qilmadi. Germaniya Belgiyaning betarafligiga eʼtibor bermadi va Parijga hujum qilish uchun mamlakatga bostirib kirdi. Bu <a href="/wiki/Birlashgan_Qirollik" title="Birlashgan Qirollik">Buyuk Britaniyaning</a> Germaniya imperiyasiga qarshi urush eʼlon qilishiga sabab boʻldi, chunki bu harakat 1839-yilda imzolangan London shartnomasini buzdi va Belgiyaning betarafligini va agar biror davlat voz kechsa qirollikni himoya qilishni kafolatlagan edi. </p><p>Keyinchalik, 1914-yil avgust oyi oxirida bir qancha davlatlar Germaniyaga urush eʼlon qildilar. Italiya 1915-yilda Avstriya-Vengriyaga, 1916-yil 27-avgustda Germaniyaga, 1917-yil 6-aprelda <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Qo%CA%BBshma_Shtatlari" title="Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari">AQSh</a> Germaniyaga va 1917-yil iyulda Gretsiya Germaniyaga urush eʼlon qildi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Koloniyalar_va_qaramliklar">Koloniyalar va qaramliklar</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Koloniyalar va qaramliklar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Koloniyalar va qaramliklar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Yevropa</dt></dl> <p>1871-yilda tashkil topgan Germaniya imperiyasi <a href="/wiki/Fransiya-Prussiya_urushi" title="Fransiya-Prussiya urushi">Fransiya-Prussiya urushidan</a> keyin Fransiyadan qoʻshilgan „imperator hududi“ sifatida Elzas-Lotaringiyani nazorat qilardi. U Germaniyaning suveren hududining bir qismi sifatida oʻtkazilgan. </p> <dl><dt>Afrika</dt></dl> <p>Birinchi jahon urushi paytida Germaniya koʻplab Afrika koloniyalariga ega edi. Germaniyaning 4 ta Afrika koloniyalaridan 3 tasi urush paytida Ittifoq kuchlari tomonidan bosib olingan va ishgʻol qilindi. faqat Pol fon Lettou-Vorbekning Germaniya Sharqiy Afrikasidagi nemis kuchlari ittifoqchilarga qarshi sulh shartnomasini qabul qilgunga qadar muvaffaqiyatli kurashdi. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nemis_Kamerun" title="Nemis Kamerun">Kamerun</a>, Germaniyaning Sharqiy Afrikasi, Togoland va Germaniyaning janubi-gʻarbiy Afrikasi Afrikadagi nemis koloniyalari edi. </p> <dl><dt>Osiyo</dt></dl> <p>1898-yilda Xitoydan ijaraga olingan Kiautschou koʻrfazi konsessiyasi Sharqiy Osiyoda Germaniyaga qaram edi. Yaponiya kuchlari uni Tsingtao qamalidan keyin egallab oldilar. </p> <dl><dt>Tinch okeani</dt></dl> <p>Germaniya Yangi Gvineyasi Tinch okeanidagi nemis protektorati edi. 1914-yilda Avstraliya qoʻshinlari tomonidan bosib olingan. </p><p>Germaniya Samoasi Uch tomonlama konvensiyaga binoan Germaniya protektorati edi. 1914-yilda Yangi Zelandiya ekspeditsiya kuchlari tomonidan bosib olingan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avstriya-Vengriya">Avstriya-Vengriya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Avstriya-Vengriya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Avstriya-Vengriya"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg/220px-KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg/220px-KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg/330px-KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg/440px-KuK_Stosstruppen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption> Avstriya-Vengriya askarlari Italiya frontidagi xandaqda</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG/220px-Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion,_1916.JPG" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG/220px-Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG/330px-Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG/440px-Austrian_troops_marching_up_Mt._Zion%2C_1916.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2356" data-file-height="1616" /></a><figcaption> Avstriya-Vengriya askarlari Yaqin Sharq kampaniyasi paytida Usmonli imperiyasining <a href="/wiki/Quddus" title="Quddus">Quddusdagi</a> Sion togʻiga yurishmoqda.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urush_asoslari_2">Urush asoslari</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Urush asoslari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Urush asoslari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Avstriya-Vengriya <a href="/wiki/Franz_Ferdinand" title="Franz Ferdinand">archduke Frans Ferdinandning</a> oʻldirilishini Serbiya yordami bilan uyushtirilgan deb hisobladi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Mamlakat bu suiqasdni janubiy slavyan aholisini isyonga undash va koʻp millatli mamlakatni parchalash bilan tahdid qilishdek xavfli pretsedent sifatida baholadi<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Avstriya-Vengriya rasmiy ravishda Serbiyaga ultimatum yuborib, Serbiya hukumatining suiqasdga aloqadorligini keng koʻlamli tergov qilishni va Serbiya tomonidan Avstriya-Vengriya talab qilgan shartlarga toʻliq rioya qilishini talab qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Serbiya talablarning koʻpini qabul qildi. Biroq, Avstriya-Vengriya buni yetarli emas deb hisobladi va harbiy aralashuvni oqlash maqsadida Serbiyani shartlarga toʻliq rioya qilmasligidan foydalangan<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Bu talablar Avstriya-Vengriyaning Serbiyaga urush eʼlon qilishi muqarrar boʻlishi uchun diplomatik niqob sifatida qaraldi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Rossiya Avstriya-Vengriyani Serbiyaga bostirib kirishiga toqat qilmasligi haqida ogohlantirgan edi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Biroq, Germaniya Avstriya-Vengriya harakatlarini qoʻllab-quvvatlagan holda, Avstriya-Vengriya hukumatining siyosatiga Rossiya aralashmaydi va Serbiya bilan mojaro mintaqaviy mojaro boʻlib qoladi, deb umid qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Avstriya-Vengriyaning Serbiyaga bostirib kirishi natijasida Rossiya bu mamlakatga urush eʼlon qildi. Germaniya esa oʻz navbatida Rossiyaga urush eʼlon qilib, jahon urushiga olib kelgan ittifoqlar toʻqnashuvining boshlanishiga sabab boʻldi. </p> <dl><dt>Hudud</dt></dl> <p>Avstriya-Vengriya oʻz hukumatlariga ega boʻlgan ikki davlatga boʻlingan va Gabsburg taxti orqali birlashgan. Avstriya Cisleithania turli knyazliklarni oʻz ichiga olgan, shuningdek, Bogemiya Qirolligi, Dalmatiya Qirolligi, Galitsiya Qirolligi va Lodomeria ham uning tarkibiga kirgan. Vengriya Transleytaniyasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vengriya_qirolligi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vengriya qirolligi (sahifa yaratilmagan)">Vengriya</a> Qirolligi va Xorvatiya-Slavoniya Qirolligini oʻz ichiga olgan. Bosniya va Gersegovinada suveren hokimiyat Avstriya va Vengriya tomonidan taqsimlangan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usmonli_imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Usmonli imperiyasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Usmonli imperiyasi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg/220px-Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg/220px-Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg/330px-Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg/440px-Muster_on_the_Plain_of_Esdraelon_1914.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2384" data-file-height="1504" /></a><figcaption> Usmonli askarlari 1914-yilda <a href="/wiki/Suvaysh_kanali" title="Suvaysh kanali">Suvaysh kanaliga</a> hujum qilish uchun harbiy tayyorgarlikda.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A,_Konstantinopel,_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1981-137-08A%2C_Konstantinopel%2C_Besuch_Kaiser_Wilhelm_II..jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="548" /></a><figcaption> Kayzer Vilgelm II 1917-yil oktabr oyida <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbulda</a> Sulton <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_V" title="Mehmed V">Mehmed V</a> mehmoni sifatida turk kreyseri <i>Yavuz Sulton Selimga</i> tashrif buyurdi.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urush_asoslari_3">Urush asoslari</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Urush asoslari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Urush asoslari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Usmonli imperiyasi 1914-yil noyabrida markaziy kuchlar tomonida urushga qoʻshildi. Usmonli imperiyasi oʻsha paytda hali tugallanmagan Berlin-Bagʻdod temir yoʻli loyihasi orqali Germaniya bilan kuchli iqtisodiy aloqalarga ega edi<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Usmonli imperiyasi 1914-yil 2-avgustda Germaniya bilan rasmiy ittifoq tuzgan<sup id="cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ittifoq shartnomasida Usmonli imperiyasining qisqa vaqt ichida mojaroga aralashishi kutilgan edi<sup id="cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Biroq, urushning dastlabki bir necha oylarida Usmonli imperiyasi nemis dengiz floti eskadroniga <a href="/wiki/Bosfor" title="Bosfor">Bosfor</a> boʻgʻozi yaqinida kirish va qolishga ruxsat bergan boʻlsa-da, betaraflikni saqlab qoldi<sup id="cite_ref-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>yu Usmonli amaldorlar Germaniya hukumatiga mojaroga tayyorgarlik koʻrish uchun mamlakatga vaqt kerakligini maʼlum qildi<sup id="cite_ref-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>yu Germaniya Usmonli imperiyasiga moliyaviy yordam va qurol-yarog‘ yetkazib berdi<sup id="cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>yu </p><p>Germaniya hukumatining Usmonli imperiyasidan shartnoma majburiyatlarini bajarishini, aks holda Germaniyani ittifoqdan chiqarib yuborishini va iqtisodiy va harbiy yordamni toʻxtatishini talab qilib, bosimni kuchaytirgach, Usmonli hukumati Germaniyadan yaqinda sotib olingan <i>Yavuz</i> kreyserlari bilan urushga kirdi. <i>Sulton Selim</i> (sobiq <i>SMS Goeben</i>) va <i>Midilli</i> (sobiq <i>SMS Breslau</i>) Rossiyaning <a href="/wiki/Odessa" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> portiga dengiz bosqinini boshladilar va shu tariqa Germaniya bilan ittifoqchilik majburiyatlariga muvofiq harbiy harakatlarga kirishdilar. <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_imperiyasi" title="Rossiya imperiyasi">Rossiya</a> va Antanta Usmonli imperiyasiga urush eʼlon qildi<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bolgariya">Bolgariya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Bolgariya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Bolgariya"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urush_asoslari_4">Urush asoslari</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Urush asoslari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Urush asoslari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg/220px-Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg/220px-Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg/330px-Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg/440px-Bulgaria_southern_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="754" /></a><figcaption> Bolgariya askarlari kelayotgan samolyotlarga oʻq uzmoqda</figcaption></figure> <p>Bolgariya 1913-yil iyul oyida Serbiya, Gretsiya va Ruminiyadan magʻlubiyatga uchraganidan norozi edi. 1914-yil 19-avgustda Usmonli imperiyasi bilan <a href="/wiki/Turk-bolgar_ittifoqi" title="Turk-bolgar ittifoqi">mudofaa ittifoqi shartnomasini</a> imzoladi. Bolgariya 1915-yil oktyabr oyida Serbiyaga urush eʼlon qilib, Markaziy kuchlarga qoʻshilgan oxirgi davlat boʻldi. Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya qoʻshinlari bilan birgalikda Serbiyaga bostirib kirdi. Bolgariya Makedoniyaning Vardar mintaqasiga daʼvogarlik qildi, bu joy 1912-1913-yillardagi <a href="/wiki/Bolqon_urushlari" title="Bolqon urushlari">Bolqon urushlari</a> va Buxarest shartnomasi (1913) dan keyin Serbiya tomonidan ushlab turilgan edi<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Birinchi jahon urushiga Markaziy kuchlar tomonida kirish sharti sifatida Bolgariyaga bu hududni qaytarib olish huquqi berildi<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Urush_deklaratsiyasi">Urush deklaratsiyasi</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Urush deklaratsiyasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Urush deklaratsiyasi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable nowrap"> <tbody><tr> <th>Sana </th> <th>tomonidan eʼlon qilingan </th> <th>Qarshi eʼlon qilingan </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">1915-yil </th></tr> <tr> <td>14-oktyabr </td> <td> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td> <td> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbiya" title="Serbiya"><img alt="Serbiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> Serbiya </td></tr> <tr> <td>15-oktyabr </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Birlashgan_Qirollik" title="Birlashgan Qirollik"><img alt="Birlashgan Qirollik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Buyuk Britaniya<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chernogoriya" title="Chernogoriya"><img alt="Chernogoriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Chernogoriya </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td></tr> <tr> <td>16-oktyabr </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fransiya" title="Fransiya"><img alt="Fransiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Fransiya </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td></tr> <tr> <td>19-oktyabr </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italiya" title="Italiya"><img alt="Italiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> Italiya<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rossiya" title="Rossiya"><img alt="Rossiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Rossiya </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">1916-yil </th></tr> <tr> <td>1-sentyabr </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ruminiya" title="Ruminiya"><img alt="Ruminiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> Ruminiya </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">1917-yil </th></tr> <tr> <td>2-iyul </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Gretsiya" title="Gretsiya"><img alt="Gretsiya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> Gretsiya </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bolgariya </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Birgalikda_kurashayotganlar">Birgalikda kurashayotganlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Birgalikda kurashayotganlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Birgalikda kurashayotganlar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Janubiy_Afrika_Respublikasi">Janubiy Afrika Respublikasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Janubiy Afrika Respublikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Janubiy Afrika Respublikasi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Janubiy Afrikada hozirgi Marits qoʻzgʻoloni deb nomlanuvchi Boer armiyasi ofitserlari 1914-yil sentyabr oyida Janubiy Afrika Respublikasini „qayta tikladilar“ shu maqsadda urushga qoʻshilgan Janubiy Afrika Ittifoqining hujum harakatlariga qarshi boʻldilar. Germaniya isyonchilarga, Germaniyaning janubi-gʻarbiy Afrikasidagi nemis mustamlakasi ichida va undan tashqarida harakat qilgan baʼzi isyonchilarga yordam berdi. 1915-yil 4-fevralgacha qoʻzgʻolonchilarning barchasi magʻlubiyatga uchragan yoki Janubiy Afrika hukumati kuchlari tomonidan asirga olingan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senussi_ordeni">Senussi ordeni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Senussi ordeni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Senussi ordeni"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Senussi ordeni <a href="/wiki/Liviya" title="Liviya">Liviyadagi</a> musulmon siyosiy-diniy <a href="/wiki/Tariqat" title="Tariqat">tariqati</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tariqat" title="Tariqat">soʻfiylik ordeni</a>) va urugʻi boʻlib, ilgari Usmonlilar nazorati ostida <a href="/wiki/Italiya-turkiya_urushi" title="Italiya-turkiya urushi">boʻlib, 1912-yilda Italiyaga boy berilgan</a>. 1915-yilda ularga Usmonli imperiyasi va Germaniya hiyla-nayrang qildi va Buyuk Senussi Ahmad Sharif as-Senussi <a href="/wiki/Jihod" title="Jihod">jihod</a> eʼlon qildi va Senussi kampaniyasida Liviyada italyanlarga va Britaniya nazorati ostidagi Misrga hujum qildi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Darfur_sultonligi">Darfur sultonligi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Darfur sultonligi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Darfur sultonligi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1915-yilda Darfur sultonligi Sudan hukumatiga sodiqlikdan voz kechdi va Usmonlilar bilan birlashdi. Angliya-Misr Darfur ekspeditsiyasi 1916-yil mart oyida Sudanga hujumning oldini olish uchun oldindan harakat qildi va 1916-yil noyabrgacha Sultonlikni nazoratga oldi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zaian_Konfederatsiyasi">Zaian Konfederatsiyasi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Zaian Konfederatsiyasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Zaian Konfederatsiyasi"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zaian Konfederatsiyasi Fransiyaning Marokashga kengayishiga yoʻl qoʻymaslik uchun Zaian urushida Fransiya bilan kurasha boshladi. Janglar 1914-yildan boshlandi va Birinchi jahon urushi tugaganidan keyin 1921-yilgacha davom etdi. Markaziy kuchlar (asosan nemislar) Fransiya resurslarini Yevropadan chalgʻitish uchun tartibsizliklarni qoʻzgʻatishga harakat qila boshladilar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mijoz_davlatlari">Mijoz davlatlari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Mijoz davlatlari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Mijoz davlatlari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1917-yil oxiridagi bolsheviklar hujumi bilan Ukraina Bosh kotibiyati harbiy himoyani dastlab markaziy kuchlardan, keyin esa Antanta qurolli kuchlaridan soʻradi. </p><p>Usmonli imperiyasining <a href="/wiki/Ozarbayjon_Demokratik_Respublikasi" title="Ozarbayjon Demokratik Respublikasi">Ozarbayjon</a> va Shimoliy Kavkazda ham oʻz ittifoqchilari bor edi. Boku jangida uch xalq Islom armiyasi ostida bir-biri bilan birga jang qilgan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germaniya_soyasidagi_davlatlari">Germaniya soyasidagi davlatlari</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Germaniya soyasidagi davlatlari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Germaniya soyasidagi davlatlari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Polsha</dt></dl> <p>Polsha Qirolligi 1916-yilda eʼlon qilingan va 1917-yil 14-yanvarda tashkil etilganGermaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Bu hukumat 1916-yil noyabrda Germaniya va <a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya</a> imperatorlari tomonidan tan olingan va u 1917-yilda konstitutsiya qabul qilgan<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Polsha davlatini yaratish toʻgʻrisidagi qaror Germaniya tomonidan 1915-yilda Polsha aholisiga nemis askarlari Polshani <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_imperiyasi" title="Rossiya imperiyasi">Rossiya</a> qoʻl ostidan qutqarish uchun ozod qiluvchi sifatida kelganligi haqidagi nemis targʻibotidan soʻng, Polsha aholisi oʻrtasida harbiy ishgʻol qilishni qonuniylashtirishga harakat qilish uchun qabul qilindi<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Germaniya hukumati jazo tahdidlari bilan bir qatorda, Germaniya tomonidan bosib olingan Boltiqboʻyi hududlarida yashovchi polshalik yer egalarini davlatga koʻchib oʻtishga va Polshaga koʻchib oʻtish evaziga Boltiqboʻyi mulklarini nemislarga sotishga undash uchun davlatdan foydalangan. Polyaklarning Prussiyadan davlatga koʻchib oʻtishini ragʻbatlantirishga harakat qilingan<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Litva</dt></dl> <p>Litva Qirolligi 1918-yil 16-fevralda tashkil etilgan Germaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi. </p> <dl><dt>Belarusiya</dt></dl> <p>Belarus Xalq Respublikasi 1918-yil 9-martda tashkil etilgan Germaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi. </p> <dl><dt>Ukraina</dt></dl> <p>Ukraina davlati 1918-yil 29-apreldan Ukraina Xalq Respublikasi hukumati agʻdarilganidan keyin Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskiy boshchiligidagi Germaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Kurland va Semigaliya</dt></dl> <p>Kurlandiya va Semigaliya gersogligi 1918-yil 8-martda tashkil etilgan Germaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi. </p> <dl><dt>Boltiqboʻyi davlati</dt></dl> <p>Boltiqboʻyi davlati „Birlashgan Boltiq Gersogligi“ nomi bilan ham tanilgan. 1918-yil 22-sentyabrda Boltiqboʻyi nemis hukmron sinfi tomonidan eʼlon qilingan. U sobiq Estoniya gubernatorliklarini qamrab olishi va yaqinda tashkil etilgan Kurland va Semigaliyani birlashgan davlatga birlashtirishi kerak edi. Baltishe Landesver shaklidagi qurolli kuch 1918-yil noyabr oyida Germaniya taslim boʻlishidan oldin tuzilgan. </p> <dl><dt>Finlandiya</dt></dl> <p>Finlandiya 1809-yildan beri Rossiyaning avtonom Buyuk Gersogligi sifatida mavjud boʻlgan. 1917-yilda Rossiya imperiyasining qulashi unga mustaqillikni berdi. Germaniya Sovet qoʻllab-quvvatlagan ishchilar harakatiga qarshi „oqlar“ ni qoʻllab-quvvatlagan Finlandiya fuqarolar urushi tugagandan soʻng, 1918-yil may oyida Finlandiya Qirolligini yaratish harakati boshlandi. Nemis shahzodasi saylandi. </p> <dl><dt>Qrim</dt></dl> <p>Qrim mintaqaviy hukumati 1918-yil 25-iyunda tuzilgan Germaniya soyasi ostidagi davlat edi.. </p> <dl><dt>`Gruziya<span style="font-weight:normal;">(Democratic Republic of Georgia)</span></dt></dl> <p>1918-yilda <a href="/wiki/Gruziya_Demokratik_Respublikasi" title="Gruziya Demokratik Respublikasi">Gruziya Demokratik Respublikasi</a> mustaqilligini eʼlon qildi, bu esa yangi tashkil etilgan respublika va Usmonli imperiyasi oʻrtasida chegara mojarolariga olib keldi. Koʻp oʻtmay Usmonli imperiyasi respublikaga bostirib kirdi va tezda <a href="/wiki/Borjomi" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Borjomi">Borjomiga</a> yetib keldi. Bu Gruziyani Germaniyadan yordam soʻrashga majbur qildi. Germaniya Usmonlilarni Gruziya hududlaridan chiqib ketishga va Gruziya suverenitetini tan olishga majbur qildi. Germaniya, Gruziya va Usmonlilar tinchlik shartnomasini imzoladilar, oxirgi ikkisi bilan ziddiyatni tugatgan Batum shartnomasi imzolandi. Buning evaziga Gruziya Germaniyaning „ittifoqchisi“ga aylandi. Gruziya-nemis doʻstligining bu davri Germaniya Kavkaz ekspeditsiyasi deb nomlandi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usmonli_mijoz_davlatlari">Usmonli mijoz davlatlari</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Usmonli mijoz davlatlari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Usmonli mijoz davlatlari"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Jabal Shammar</dt></dl> <p>Jabal Shammar Yaqin Sharqdagi arab davlati boʻlib, Usmonlilar imperiyasi bilan chambarchas bogʻliq boʻlgan<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Ozarbayjon</dt></dl> <p>1918-yilda bolsheviklar inqilobiga va Musulmon <a href="/wiki/Musovot" title="Musovot">Musavat partiyasining</a> qarshiliklariga duch kelgan <a href="/wiki/Ozarbayjon_Demokratik_Respublikasi" title="Ozarbayjon Demokratik Respublikasi">Ozarbayjon Demokratik Respublikasi</a> keyinchalik Usmonli imperiyasi tomonidan bosib olindi va Musovot partiyasini qoʻllab-quvvatlagan holda bolsheviklarni quvib chiqardi<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Usmonli imperiyasi 1918-yilning noyabrida urush tugaguniga qadar Ozarbayjonda oʻz borligini saqlab qoldi<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <dl><dt>Togʻli respublika</dt></dl> <p>Shimoliy Kavkaz togʻli respublikasi markaziy kuchlar bilan bogʻlangan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bahsli_holatlar">Bahsli holatlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Bahsli holatlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Bahsli holatlar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ushbu boʻlimda sanab oʻtilgan davlatlar rasmiy ravishda Markaziy kuchlarning aʼzosi emas edi. Shunga qaramay, urush paytida ular bir yoki bir nechta Markaziy kuchlar aʼzolari bilan ularning betarafligini bahsli qiladigan darajada hamkorlik qilganlar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Efiopiya">Efiopiya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Efiopiya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Efiopiya"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png/170px-Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png/220px-Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png/330px-Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png/440px-Iyasu_in_a_Muslim_Turban.png 2x" data-file-width="3937" data-file-height="4473" /></a><figcaption> 1916-yilgacha <a href="/wiki/Abissiniya" title="Abissiniya">Efiopiya</a> hukmdori Lij Iyasu oʻzining Usmonli uslubidagi sallasida tasvirlangan</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Abissiniya" title="Abissiniya">Efiopiya imperiyasi</a> Birinchi jahon urushi davomida rasman neytral edi, ammo 1915-1916-yillar orasida markaziy kuchlarga xayrixohlikda gumon qilingan. Oʻsha paytda Efiopiya Afrikadagi kam sonli mustaqil davlatlardan biri va Afrika qitʼasidagi yirik davlat edi. Uning hukmdori Lij Iyasu islomparast kayfiyatda va Usmonli imperiyasiga xayrixohlikda gumon qilinadi. Germaniya imperiyasi Sharqiy Afrikadagi arab qoʻzgʻoloni uslubidagi qoʻzgʻolonda hamkorlik qilishga undash uchun mintaqaga bir nechta muvaffaqiyatsiz ekspeditsiyalarni joʻnatib, Iyasu bilan bogʻlanishga harakat qildi. Muvaffaqiyatsiz ekspeditsiyalardan birini taniqli etnograf va Kayzer Vilgelm II ning shaxsiy doʻsti Leo Frobenius boshqargan. Iyasuning koʻrsatmalariga koʻra, Efiopiya, ehtimol, 1915-1916-yillardagi Somaliland yurishi paytida musulmon darvesh isyonchilariga qurol-yarogʻ yetkazib bergan va bu Markaziy kuchlarning ishiga bilvosita yordam bergan<sup id="cite_ref-" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Iyasu va Usmonli imperiyasining kuchayib borayotgan taʼsiridan qoʻrqib, Efiopiyaning nasroniy zodagonlari 1915-yilda Iyasuga qarshi til biriktirdilar. Iyasu birinchi marta Efiopiya pravoslav patriarxi tomonidan haydalgan va oxir-oqibat 1916-yil 27-sentyabrda davlat toʻntarishi natijasida lavozimidan chetlatilgan. Taxtga Usmonlilar tarafdori boʻlmagan regent <i>Ras</i> Tafari Makonnen oʻtirdi<span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="uz" dir="ltr">Manba xatosi: The opening <code><ref></code> tag is malformed or has a bad name</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nodavlat_jangchilar">Nodavlat jangchilar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Nodavlat jangchilar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Nodavlat jangchilar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Boshqa harakatlar markaziy kuchlarning saʼy-harakatlarini maʼlum bir sabablarga koʻra qoʻllab-quvvatladi. Masalan, 1916-yil aprel oyida <a href="/wiki/Dublin_(Irlandiya)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dublin (Irlandiya)">Dublinda</a> Pasxa koʻtarilishini boshlagan radikal irland millatchilari; ular oʻzlarining „Yevropadagi jasur ittifoqchilari“ haqida gapirdilar. Biroq, aksariyat irland millatchilari 1916-yilgacha, Irlandiyaning siyosiy manzarasi oʻzgargan paytgacha Britaniya va ittifoqchilarning urush harakatlarini qoʻllab-quvvatladilar. 1914-yilda <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Pi%C5%82sudski" title="Józef Piłsudski">Jozef Piłsudskiyga</a> Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya tomonidan mustaqil Polsha legionlarini tuzishga ruxsat berildi. Piłsudski oʻz legionlari Markaziy kuchlarga Rossiyani magʻlub etishda yordam berishini va keyin Fransiya va Buyuk Britaniya bilan birga boʻlishini va ular bilan urushda gʻalaba qozonishini xohlardi.   </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sulh_va_shartnomalar">Sulh va shartnomalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Sulh va shartnomalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Sulh va shartnomalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg/220px-Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Fayl:Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg/220px-Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg/330px-Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg/440px-Weinold_Reiss_-_WWI_poster_Charity_Bazaar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="797" /></a><figcaption> 1916-yilgi xayriya bozori uchun afishada Markaziy kuch davlatlarining bevalari va yetimlari uchun mablagʻ yigʻish.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bolgariya 1918-yil 29-sentyabrda Ittifoqchilarning <a href="/wiki/Makedoniya_(tarixiy_viloyat)" title="Makedoniya (tarixiy viloyat)">Makedoniyadagi</a> muvaffaqiyatli yurishidan soʻng ittifoqchilar bilan sulh tuzdi. Usmonli imperiyasi 1918-yil 30-oktabrda ingliz va <a href="/wiki/Arablar" title="Arablar">arablarning</a> <a href="/wiki/Falastin_(tarixiy_viloyat)" title="Falastin (tarixiy viloyat)">Falastin</a> va <a href="/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya">Suriyada</a> qoʻlga kiritgan yutuqlari oldida xuddi shunday yoʻl tutdi. Avstriya va Vengriya noyabr oyining birinchi haftasida Gabsburglar imperiyasining parchalanishi va Italiyaning Vittorio Veneto hujumidan soʻng oʻt ochishni toʻxtatish toʻgʻrisida alohida kelishuvga erishdilar. Germaniya 1918-yil 11-noyabr kuni ertalab Yuz kunlik hujumdan soʻng urushni tugatish toʻgʻrisidagi sulhni imzoladi va <a href="/wiki/Yangi_Zelandiya" title="Yangi Zelandiya">Yangi Zelandiya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avstraliya" title="Avstraliya">Avstraliya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgiya" title="Belgiya">Belgiya</a>, Britaniya, <a href="/wiki/Fransiya" title="Fransiya">Fransiya</a> va <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Qo%CA%BBshma_Shtatlari" title="Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari">AQSh</a> kuchlarining shimoliy-sharqiy Fransiya va Belgiyada ketma-ket yurishlari natijasida magʻlubiyatga uchrashdi. Urushni tugatuvchi yagona shartnoma yoʻq edi. Markaziy kuchlar alohida shartnomalarda koʻrib chiqildi<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Sulh tuzilgan sana boʻyicha markaziy kuchlar </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Bayroq </th> <th>Ism </th> <th>Sana </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya" title="Bolgariya"><img alt="Bolgariya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td>Bolgariya </td> <td>1918-yil 2-sentabr </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Usmoniylar_imperiyasi" title="Usmoniylar imperiyasi"><img alt="Usmoniylar imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Usmonlilar_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonlilar imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001918-10-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">30 Oktyabr 1918</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya" title="Avstriya-Vengriya"><img alt="Avstriya-Vengriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/23px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/35px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/45px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Avstriya-Vengriya_imperiyasi" title="Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi">Avstriya-Vengriya</a> </td> <td>1918-yil 30-oktabr </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi"><img alt="Germaniya imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germaniya_imperiyasi" title="Germaniya imperiyasi">Germaniya</a> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001918-11-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">11 Noyabr 1918</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="padding-left:2.0em;"> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Markaziy kuchlar shartnomalari </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Bayroq </th> <th>Ism </th> <th>Shartnoma </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germaniya" title="Germaniya"><img alt="Germaniya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Respublikasi" title="Weimar Respublikasi">Germaniya</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Versal_sulh_shartnomasi" title="Versal sulh shartnomasi">Versal</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Avstriya" title="Avstriya"><img alt="Avstriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td>Avstriya </td> <td>Sen-Jermen </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bolgariya_Qirolligi" title="Bolgariya Qirolligi"><img alt="Bolgariya Qirolligi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td>Bolgariya </td> <td>Neuilly </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vengriya" title="Vengriya"><img alt="Vengriya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary_with_arms_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td>Vengriya </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trianon_shartnomasi" title="Trianon shartnomasi">Trianon</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Usmoniylar_imperiyasi" title="Usmoniylar imperiyasi"><img alt="Usmoniylar imperiyasi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281844%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Usmonlilar_imperiyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Usmonlilar imperiyasi">Usmonli imperiyasi</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Turkiya" title="Turkiya">Turkiya</a> </td> <td>Sevr<br /> Lozanna </td> <td>Sevr shartnomasi Usmonli imperiyasining turk aholisining noroziligiga sabab boʻldi va Turkiyaning mustaqillik urushi boshlanishiga olib keldi, shundan soʻng Lozanna shartnomasi imzolandi. </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Markaziy kuchlardagi harbiylarning oʻlimi"><img alt="Markaziy kuchlardagi harbiylarning oʻlimi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/200px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/300px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg/400px-WorldWarI-MilitaryDeaths-CentralPowers-Piechart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Markaziy kuchlardagi harbiylarning oʻlimi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:CentralPowersPoster3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Markaziy kuchlar mamlakatlari bayroqlari tasvirlangan otkritka"><img alt="Markaziy kuchlar mamlakatlari bayroqlari tasvirlangan otkritka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CentralPowersPoster3.jpg/157px-CentralPowersPoster3.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CentralPowersPoster3.jpg/235px-CentralPowersPoster3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CentralPowersPoster3.jpg/314px-CentralPowersPoster3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="459" data-file-height="585" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Markaziy kuchlar mamlakatlari bayroqlari tasvirlangan otkritka</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1918-yilda Markaziy kuchlarning qulashi"><img alt="1918-yilda Markaziy kuchlarning qulashi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg/200px-Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg/300px-Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg/400px-Collapse_of_the_Central_Powers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="727" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1918-yilda Markaziy kuchlarning qulashi</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Markaziy kuchlar rahbarlari. 1914-yil"><img alt="Markaziy kuchlar rahbarlari. 1914-yil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg/200px-Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg/300px-Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg/400px-Drei_Kaiser_Bund.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="345" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Markaziy kuchlar rahbarlari. 1914-yil</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">e.g. in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.fi/books?id=UpGkCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA185">Britain and the Olympic Games, 1908-1920</a> by Luke J. Harris p. 185</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFHindenburg,_Paul_von1920">Hindenburg, Paul von<i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/outofmylife00hinduoft">Out of my life</a></i>. London : Cassell, 1920 — 113-bet.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Out+of+my+life&rft.aulast=Hindenburg%2C+Paul+von&rft.pub=London+%3A+Cassell&rft.pages=113 &rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foutofmylife00hinduoft"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-meyer-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-meyer_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFMeyer2007">Meyer, G.J.<i>. A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918</i>. Delta Trade Paperback, 2007. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-553-38240-2" title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-553-38240-2">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-0-553-38240-2</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+Undone%3A+The+Story+of+the+Great+War%2C+1914+to+1918&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=G.J.&rft.pub=Delta+Trade+Paperback &rft.isbn=978-0-553-38240-2"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y9GP9gtGlkgC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0">S.N. Broadberry, Mark Harrison. The Economics of World War I</a>. illustrated ed. Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 9-10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFSpencer_Tucker1996">Spencer Tucker<i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EHI3PCjDtsUC&q=Direct+and+Indirect+Costs+of+the+Great+World+War&pg=PA172">The European Powers in the First World War</a></i>, 1996 — 173-bet. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/9780815303992" title="Maxsus:BookSources/9780815303992">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">9780815303992</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+European+Powers+in+the+First+World+War&rft.aulast=Spencer+Tucker&rft.pages=173 &rft.isbn=9780815303992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEHI3PCjDtsUC%26q%3DDirect%2Band%2BIndirect%2BCosts%2Bof%2Bthe%2BGreat%2BWorld%2BWar%26pg%3DPA172"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-1">6,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-2">6,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P57_6-3">6,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Cashman, Greg; Robinson, Leonard C. An Introduction to the Causes of War: Patterns of Interstate Conflict from World War I to Iraq. Rowman & Littlefield. 2007. P57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-1">7,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-2">7,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P39_7-3">7,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Meyer, G.J. A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918. Delta Book. 2006. P39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95_8-0">8,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer,_G.J_1918._P95_8-1">8,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Meyer, G.J. A World Undone: The Story of the Great War, 1914 to 1918. Delta Book. 2006. P95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hagen, William W. German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation. P228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tucker, Spencer C. A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. ABC-CLIO. 2009. P1556.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-0">11,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-1">11,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cashman,_Greg_2007._P61_11-2">11,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Cashman, Greg; Robinson, Leonard C. An Introduction to the Causes of War: Patterns of Interstate Conflict from World War I to Iraq. Rowman & Littlefield. 2007. P61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hickey, Michael. The First World War: Volume 4 The Mediterranean Front 1914-1923. P31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-0">13,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-1">13,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Afflerbach,_Holger_2012._P._292_13-2">13,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Afflerbach, Holger; David Stevenson, David. An Improbable War: The Outbreak of World War 1 and European Political Culture. Berghan Books. 2012. P. 292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119_14-0">14,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kent,_Mary_1998._P119_14-1">14,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Kent, Mary. The Great Powers and the End of the Ottoman Empire. end ed. Frank Cass. 1998. P119</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Afflerbach, Holger; David Stevenson, David. An Improbable War: The Outbreak of World War I and European Political Culture. Berghan Books. 2012. P. 293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span class="citation"><i>Hall.</i> <span lang="aniqlanmagan"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://russiasgreatwar.org/media/arc/bulgaria.shtml">„Bulgaria in the First World War“</a></span>. <i>Russia's Great War and Revolution</i>. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 22-sentyabr.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFJelavich1986">Jelavich, Charles<i>. The establishment of the Balkan national states, 1804–1920</i>, 1st pbk., Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986 — 284–297-bet. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-295-96413-3" title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-295-96413-3">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-0-295-96413-3</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+establishment+of+the+Balkan+national+states%2C+1804%E2%80%931920&rft.aulast=Jelavich&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1986&rft.edition=1st+pbk.&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.place=Seattle&rft.pages=284%E2%80%93297 &rft.isbn=978-0-295-96413-3"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard C. Hall, „Bulgaria in the First World War.“ <i>Historian</i> 73.2 (2011): 300-315.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Regency Kingdom has been referred to as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puppet_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puppet state (sahifa yaratilmagan)">puppet state</a> by Norman Davies in <i>Europe: A history</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jrVW9W9eiYMC&pg=PA910&dq=%22Kingdom+of+Poland%22+1916+puppet&as_brr=3&sig=ACfU3U36q9omC0a0E-_kH_82ad24_4tZzQ">Google Print, p. 910</a>); by Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki in <i>A Concise History of Poland</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HMylRh-wHWEC&pg=PA218">Google Print, p. 218</a>); by Piotr J. Wroblel in <i>Chronology of Polish History</i> and <i>Nation and History</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lzWHDEE6OqkC&pg=PA454">Google Print, p. 454</a>); and by Raymond Leslie Buell in <i>Poland: Key to Europe</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-KcfGbrKptoC&dq=Poland+Key+to+Europe&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=FD__x2FPA9&sig=q5DV-zsbYtatQg6k-2pBp5Z4ddA&hl=en&ei=dIraSa2kIqrrlQfOq4H6Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2#PPA68,M1">Google Print, p. 68</a>: „The Polish Kingdom… was merely a pawn [of Germany]“).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. M. Roberts. Europe 1880-1945. P. 232.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aviel Roshwald. Ethnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 1914-23. Routledge, 2002. P. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Annemarie Sammartino. The Impossible Border: Germany and the East, 1914-1922. Cornell University, 2010. P. 36-37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kataryna Wolczuk. The Moulding of Ukraine: The Constitutional Politics of State Formation. P37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hala Mundhir Fattah. The Politics of Regional Trade in Iraq, Arabia, and the Gulf, 1745-1900. P121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-0">25,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_25-1">25,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Zvi Lerman, David Sedik. Rural Transition in Azerbaijan. P12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-37428682">„How Ethiopian prince scuppered Germany's WW1 plans“</a>. <i>BBC News</i> (2016-yil 25-sentyabr). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 22-oktyabr.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>U.S. Foreign Policy and National Security: Chronology and Index for the 20th Century</i> Davis:<a href="/w/index.php?title=Andoza:Kitob_manbasi/editor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andoza:Kitob manbasi/editor (sahifa yaratilmagan)"> </a>. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger Security International, 2010 — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gsM1JiXAMJEC&pg=PA49">49</a>-bet. <a href="/wiki/Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-313-38385-4" title="Maxsus:BookSources/978-0-313-38385-4">ISBN <span style="white-space: nowrap;">978-0-313-38385-4</span></a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Foreign+Policy+and+National+Security%3A+Chronology+and+Index+for+the+20th+Century&rft.pub=Praeger+Security+International&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pages=%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgsM1JiXAMJEC%26pg%3DPA49+49%5D &rft.isbn=978-0-313-38385-4"> </span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adabiyotlar">Adabiyotlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Adabiyotlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaziy_kuchlar&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Adabiyotlar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Akin, Yigit. <i>Urush uyga kelganda: Usmonlilarning Buyuk urushi va imperiyaning vayronagarchiliklari</i> (2018)</li> <li>Oqsoqol, Mustafo. <i>1914 yilda Usmonlilar urushi yoʻli: Usmonli imperiyasi va Birinchi jahon urushi</i> (2010).</li> <li>Brandenburg, Erich. (1927) <i>Bismarkdan Jahon urushigacha: Germaniya tashqi siyosati tarixi 1870-1914</i> (1927) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170315175229/http://www.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/12322">onlayn</a> .</li> <li>Klark, Kristofer. <i>Uyquchilar: 1914 yilda Yevropa qanday urushga kirgan</i> (2013)</li> <li>Kreyg, Gordon A. „Oʻtmishda markaziy kuchlarning Birinchi jahon urushi ittifoqi: ittifoqning harbiy birlashishi“. <i>Zamonaviy tarix jurnali</i> 37.3 (1965): 336-344. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1875406">onlayn</a></li> <li>Dedijer, Vladimir. <i>"Sarayevoga yoʻl"</i> (1966), Avstriya imperiyasi va Serbiya haqida batafsil maʼlumotga ega boʻlgan suiqasdning toʻliq tarixi.</li> <li>Fay, Sidney B. <i>Jahon urushining kelib chiqishi</i> (bir jildda 2 jild. 2-nashr. 1930). <a href="//archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.499097" class="extiw" title="iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.499097">onlayn</a>, passim</li> <li>Gooch, GP <i>Urushdan oldin II jild</i> (1939) Berchtold-da 373-447-betlar <a href="//archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278612" class="extiw" title="iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.278612">bepul onlayn</a></li> <li>Hall, Richard C. „Birinchi jahon urushida Bolgariya“. <i>Tarixchi</i> 73.2 (2011): 300-315. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-260060597/bulgaria-in-the-first-world-war">onlayn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> saytida 2020-07-27 sanasida <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727185657/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-260060597/bulgaria-in-the-first-world-war">arxivlangan</a>)</li> <li>Hamilton, Richard F. va Holger H. Herwig, muharrirlar. <i>Urush uchun qarorlar, 1914-1917</i> (2004), Serbiya, Avstriya-Vengriya, Germaniya, Rossiya, Fransiya, Buyuk Britaniya, Yaponiya, Usmonlilar imperiyasi, Italiya, AQSH, Bolgariya, Ruminiya va Gretsiya haqidagi ilmiy insholar.</li> <li>Herweg, Xolger H. <i>Birinchi jahon urushi: Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya 1914-1918</i> (2009).</li> <li>Herweg, Xolger X. va Neil Heyman. <i>Birinchi jahon urushining biografik lugʻati</i> (1982).</li> <li>Hubatsch, Valter. <i>Germaniya va Jahon urushidagi markaziy kuchlar, 1914-1918</i> (1963) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/107552/germany-and-the-central-powers-in-the-world-war-1914">onlayn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> saytida 2020-11-16 sanasida <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201116102820/https://www.questia.com/library/107552/germany-and-the-central-powers-in-the-world-war-1914">arxivlangan</a>)</li> <li>Jaraush, Konrad Gyugo. „Germaniya tarixini qayta koʻrib chiqish: Bethmann-Hollweg qayta koʻrib chiqildi.“ <i>Markaziy Yevropa tarixi</i> 21#3 (1988): 224-243, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4546122">JSTORda</a> tarixshunoslik</li> <li>Pribram, AF <i>Avstriya tashqi siyosati, 1908-18</i> (1923) 68-128-betlar.</li> <li>Boy, Norman. <i>Buyuk kuch diplomatiyasi: 1814-1914</i> (1991), keng qamrovli soʻrov</li> <li>Schmitt, Bernadotte E. <i>Urushning kelishi, 1914</i> (2 jild 1930) keng qamrovli tarix <a href="//archive.org/details/comingofwar191401bern" class="extiw" title="iarchive:comingofwar191401bern">onlayn 1-jild</a> ; <a href="//archive.org/details/comingofwar191402bern" class="extiw" title="iarchive:comingofwar191402bern">onlayn 2</a> -jild, esp jild 2 ch 20 bet 334-382</li> <li>Strachan, Xyu. <i>Birinchi jahon urushi: I jild: qurolga</i> (2003).</li> <li>Taker, Spenser C., ed. <i>Birinchi jahon urushidagi Yevropa kuchlari: Entsiklopediya</i> (1996) 816pp</li> <li>Uotson, Aleksandr. <i>Chelik uzuk: Birinchi jahon urushida Germaniya va Avstriya-Vengriya</i> (2014)</li> <li>Vauro, Jeffri. <i>Aqldan ozgan falokat: Birinchi jahon urushining boshlanishi va Gabsburg imperiyasining qulashi</i> (2014)</li> <li>Uilyamson, Samuel R. <i>Avstriya-Vengriya va Birinchi jahon urushining kelib chiqishi</i> (1991)</li> <li>Zametika, Jon. <i>Ahmoqlik va yovuzlik: Gabsburglar imperiyasi, Bolqon va Birinchi jahon urushining boshlanishi</i> (London: Shepheard-Walwyn, 2017). 416 bet.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""><pre>"<a dir="ltr" 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