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id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ignoring_and_evading_local_regulations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ignoring_and_evading_local_regulations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Ignoring and evading local regulations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ignoring_and_evading_local_regulations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traffic_congestion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traffic_congestion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Traffic congestion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traffic_congestion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Counter-intelligence_research_on_class_action_plaintiffs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counter-intelligence_research_on_class_action_plaintiffs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Counter-intelligence research on class action plaintiffs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counter-intelligence_research_on_class_action_plaintiffs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_harassment_allegations_and_management_shakeup_(2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_harassment_allegations_and_management_shakeup_(2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Sexual harassment allegations and management shakeup (2017) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_harassment_allegations_and_management_shakeup_(2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Delayed_disclosure_of_data_breaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Delayed_disclosure_of_data_breaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Delayed disclosure of data breaches </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delayed_disclosure_of_data_breaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Privacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Labor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ads_and_promotions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ads_and_promotions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Ads and promotions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ads_and_promotions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Finances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Gallery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Further reading </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Further reading subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Further_viewing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_viewing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Further viewing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_viewing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Uber</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" > 65 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="أوبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="اوبر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوبر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="উবার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উবার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Юбер – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Юбер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_(Unternehmen)" title="Uber (Unternehmen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Uber (Unternehmen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="اوبر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%B2%84" title="우버 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_Technologies,_Inc." title="Uber Technologies, Inc. – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Uber Technologies, Inc." data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="उबर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उबर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8" title="אובר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אובר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF" title="ಉಬರ್ ಕಂಪನಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉಬರ್ ಕಂಪನಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC" title="യൂബർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യൂബർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_(bedrijf)" title="Uber (bedrijf) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Uber (bedrijf)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_(przedsi%C4%99biorstwo)" title="Uber (przedsiębiorstwo) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Uber (przedsiębiorstwo)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_(companie)" title="Uber (companie) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Uber (companie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_(company)" title="Uber (company) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Uber (company)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8F%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8E%D8%B1" title="اُوبَر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اُوبَر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" title="உபர் (நிறுவனம்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உபர் (நிறுவனம்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఉబర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉబర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อูเบอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อูเบอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber" title="Uber – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uber" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" 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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Special:Badtitle/Message">reviewed</a> on 13 November 2024.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American ridesharing and delivery company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cber" title="Über">Über</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uber_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Uber (disambiguation)">Uber (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Uber Technologies, Inc.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_logo_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/220px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/330px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/440px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="322" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_offices,_Mission_Bay_(July_2020)_-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg/220px-Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg/330px-Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg/440px-Uber_offices%2C_Mission_Bay_%28July_2020%29_-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay, San Francisco</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Ubercab (2009–2011)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:UBER">UBER</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/DJTA" class="mw-redirect" title="DJTA">DJTA</a> component</li><li><a href="/wiki/S%26P_500" title="S&P 500">S&P 500</a> component</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation">Transportation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mobility_as_a_service" title="Mobility as a service">Mobility as a service</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">March 2009; 15 years ago (2009-03)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Camp" title="Garrett Camp">Garrett Camp</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">70 countries and 10,500 cities worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Sugar" title="Ronald Sugar">Ronald Sugar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Dara_Khosrowshahi" title="Dara Khosrowshahi">Dara Khosrowshahi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Services</th><td class="infobox-data category"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi">Taxi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">Food delivery</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Package_delivery" title="Package delivery">Package delivery</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Freight_transport" title="Freight transport">Freight transport</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>37.281 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$1.110 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$1.887 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$38.699 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> US$12.028 billion (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">30,400 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Careem" title="Careem">Careem</a> (2020–2023)</li><li>Cornershop</li><li><a href="/wiki/Drizly" title="Drizly">Drizly</a> (2021–2024)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Postmates" title="Postmates">Postmates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Carshare" title="Uber Carshare">Uber Carshare</a> (2022-2024)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Eats" title="Uber Eats">Uber Eats</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uber.com">uber.com</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Footnotes / references <a href="#cite_note-10KFeb2024-1">[1]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg/246px-Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg/369px-Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg/492px-Uber_taxi_in_Tomsk_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Uber Taxi</figcaption></figure> Uber Technologies, Inc. is an American multinational <a href="/wiki/Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation">transportation</a> company that provides <a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">ride-hailing services</a>, <a href="/wiki/Courier" title="Courier">courier</a> services, <a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Freight_transport" title="Freight transport">freight transport</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10KFeb2024-1">[1]</a> It is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California, and operates in approximately 70 countries and 10,500 cities worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-10KFeb2024-1">[1]</a> It is the largest <a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">ridesharing company</a> worldwide with over 150 million monthly <a href="/wiki/Active_users" title="Active users">active users</a> and 6 million active drivers and couriers. It facilitates an average of 28 million trips per day and has facilitated 47 billion trips since its inception in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-results-2">[2]</a> In 2023, the company had a take rate (revenue as a percentage of gross bookings) of 28.7% for mobility services and 18.3% for food delivery.<a href="#cite_note-results-2">[2]</a> Uber classifies its drivers as <a href="/wiki/Gig_worker" title="Gig worker">gig workers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Independent_contractor" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent contractor">independent contractors</a>, which has drawn criticism and legal challenges because it allows the company to withhold <a href="/wiki/Worker_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Worker protection">worker protections</a> that it would have been required to provide to employees.<a href="#cite_note-:02-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-:12-4">[4]</a> Studies have shown that, especially in cities where it competes with <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public transport</a>, Uber contributes to <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">traffic congestion</a>, reduces public transport use, has no substantial impact on vehicle ownership, and increases <a href="/wiki/Automobile_dependency" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile dependency">automobile dependency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BI_congestion-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Verge_congestion-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-WSJ_congestion-7">[7]</a> Other <a href="/wiki/Controversies_involving_Uber" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversies involving Uber">controversies involving Uber</a> include various unethical practices such as aggressive lobbying and ignoring/evading local regulations. Some of these conducts were revealed by a leak of documents showing controversial activity between 2013 and 2017 under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Uber" title="Timeline of Uber">Timeline of Uber</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg/220px-Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg/330px-Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg/440px-Travis_Kalanick_LeWeb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a>, former CEO of Uber, in 2013</figcaption></figure> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Garrett_Camp" title="Garrett Camp">Garrett Camp</a>, a co-founder of <a href="/wiki/StumbleUpon" title="StumbleUpon">StumbleUpon</a>, came up with the idea to create Uber to make it easier and cheaper to procure direct transportation. Camp and <a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a> had spent $800 hiring a private driver on New Year's Eve, which they deemed excessive, and Camp was also inspired by his difficulty in finding a <a href="/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi">taxi</a> on a snowy night in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-innovation-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hail-9">[9]</a> The prototype of the <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile app</a> was built by Camp and his friends, Oscar Salazar and Conrad Whelan, with Kalanick as the "mega advisor" to the company.<a href="#cite_note-Hail-9">[9]</a> In February 2010, <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Graves_(businessman)" title="Ryan Graves (businessman)">Ryan Graves</a> became the first Uber employee; he was named <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">chief executive officer</a> (CEO) in May 2010. In December 2010, Kalanick succeeded Graves as CEO and Graves became the <a href="/wiki/Chief_operating_officer" title="Chief operating officer">chief operating officer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-10">[10]</a> Following a beta launch in May 2010, Uber's services and mobile app launched publicly in San Francisco in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-hire-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Originally, the application only allowed users to hail a black luxury car and the price was approximately 1.5 times that of a taxi.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In 2011, the company changed its name from UberCab to Uber after complaints from San Francisco taxicab operators.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Kalanick believed that in addition to efficiency, Uber offered elegance because all drivers had fancy black cars. He did not feel that regular cars would be attractive. When <a href="/wiki/Wingz,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Wingz, Inc.">Wingz, Inc.</a> launched in 2011 with the first ridesharing website in the world using regular drivers, he felt that Wingz was illegal and contacted authorities to stop regular drivers from giving rides. <a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The company's early hires included a nuclear physicist, a <a href="/wiki/Computational_neuroscientist" class="mw-redirect" title="Computational neuroscientist">computational neuroscientist</a>, and a machinery expert who worked on predicting arrival times for Uber's cars more accurately than <a href="/wiki/Google_APIs" title="Google APIs">Google APIs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-innovation-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In April 2012, Uber launched a service in Chicago, whereby users were able to request a regular taxi or an Uber driver via its mobile app.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> In April 2013, after <a href="/wiki/Wingz,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Wingz, Inc.">Wingz, Inc.</a> fought to become legal and obtained the first legal ridesharing license in the world, Uber copied this model and added regular drivers with personal vehicles to the UberX platform instead of only commercially-licensed vehicles, but subject to a background check, insurance, registration, and vehicle standards.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In July 2012, Uber had introduced UberX, a cheaper option that allowed drivers to use non-luxury vehicles, but still subject to having a California Public Utilities commercial license.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> By December 2013, the service was operating in 65 cities.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In December 2013, <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a> named Uber its tech company of the year.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In August 2014, Uber launched a <a href="/wiki/Shared_transport" title="Shared transport">shared transport</a> service in the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">San Francisco Bay Area</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> and launched <a href="/wiki/Uber_Eats" title="Uber Eats">Uber Eats</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a> service.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_App_Icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Uber_App_Icon.svg/170px-Uber_App_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Uber_App_Icon.svg/255px-Uber_App_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Uber_App_Icon.svg/340px-Uber_App_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="34" data-file-height="34" /></a><figcaption>Uber logo used from February 2016 until September 2018</figcaption></figure> In August 2016, facing tough competition, Uber sold its operations in China to <a href="/wiki/DiDi" title="DiDi">DiDi</a> in exchange for an 18% stake in DiDi.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> DiDi agreed to invest $1 billion in Uber.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Uber had started operations in China in 2014, under the name 优步 (Yōubù).<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In 2016, Uber acquired <a href="/wiki/Ottomotto" title="Ottomotto">Ottomotto</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Self-driving_truck" title="Self-driving truck">self-driving truck</a> company founded by <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Levandowski" title="Anthony Levandowski">Anthony Levandowski</a>, for $625 million. Levandowski, previously employed by <a href="/wiki/Waymo" title="Waymo">Waymo</a>, allegedly founded Ottomotto using trade secrets he stole from Waymo. Uber settled a lawsuit regarding the use of such intellectual property and reached a deal to use Waymo's technology for its <a href="/wiki/Freight_transport" title="Freight transport">freight transport</a> operations.<a href="#cite_note-freight-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In December 2016, Uber acquired Geometric Intelligence. Geometric Intelligence's 15 person staff formed the initial core of "Uber AI", a division for researching AI technologies and machine learning.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-ailabs-36">[36]</a> Uber AI created multiple open source projects, such as Pyro, Ludwig, and Plato. Uber AI also developed new AI techniques and algorithms, such as the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eng.uber.com/poet-open-ended-deep-learning/">POET</a> algorithm and a sequence of papers on <a href="/wiki/Neuroevolution" title="Neuroevolution">neuroevolution</a>. Uber AI was shut down in May 2020.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-ailabs-36">[36]</a> In August 2017, <a href="/wiki/Dara_Khosrowshahi" title="Dara Khosrowshahi">Dara Khosrowshahi</a>, the former CEO of <a href="/wiki/Expedia_Group" title="Expedia Group">Expedia Group</a>, replaced Kalanick as CEO.<a href="#cite_note-:1-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Earlier in March 2015, as CEO of <a href="/wiki/Expedia_Group" title="Expedia Group">Expedia Group</a>, Khosrowshahi had led a multimillion equity investment in <a href="/wiki/Wingz,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Wingz, Inc.">Wingz, Inc.</a>, the first ridesharing company in the world.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In February 2018, Uber combined its operations in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> with those of <a href="/wiki/Yandex.Taxi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yandex.Taxi">Yandex.Taxi</a> and invested $225 million in the venture.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In March 2018, Uber merged its services in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> with those of <a href="/wiki/Grab_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grab (company)">Grab</a> in exchange for a 27.5% ownership stake in Grab.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Between May 2018 and November 2018, Uber offered Uber Rent powered by <a href="/wiki/Getaround" title="Getaround">Getaround</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer_carsharing" title="Peer-to-peer carsharing">peer-to-peer carsharing</a> service available to some users in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In November 2018, Uber became a gold member of the <a href="/wiki/Linux_Foundation" title="Linux Foundation">Linux Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In 2018, Uber formed a partnership with Autzu, a Toronto-based ridesharing company. This collaboration provides Uber drivers with the opportunity to rent electric <a href="/wiki/Tesla,_Inc." title="Tesla, Inc.">Tesla</a> on an hourly basis.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> On May 10, 2019, Uber became a <a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a> via an <a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wsj-ipo-51">[51]</a> In the summer of 2019, Uber announced layoffs of 8% of its staff and eliminated the position of <a href="/wiki/Chief_operating_officer" title="Chief operating officer">COO</a> <a href="/wiki/Barney_Harford" title="Barney Harford">Barney Harford</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In October 2019, Uber acquired 53% of Cornershop, a provider of grocery delivery services primarily in Latin America.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In June 2021, it acquired the remaining 47% interest in Cornershop for 29 million shares of Uber.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Between October 2019 and May 2020, Uber offered Uber Works, a mobile app connecting workers who wanted temporary jobs with businesses in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> and Miami.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-cuts3000-58">[58]</a> In January 2020, Uber acquired <a href="/wiki/Careem" title="Careem">Careem</a> for $3.1 billion<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> and sold its Indian Uber Eats operations to <a href="/wiki/Zomato" title="Zomato">Zomato</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Also in January 2020, Uber tested a feature that enabled drivers at the Santa Barbara, Sacramento, and Palm Springs airports to set fares based on a multiple of Uber's rates.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In May 2020, during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Uber announced layoffs of over 14% of its workforce.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-cuts3000-58">[58]</a> In June 2020, in its first <a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">software as a service</a> partnership, Uber announced that it would manage the on-demand high-occupancy vehicle fleet for <a href="/wiki/Marin_Transit" title="Marin Transit">Marin Transit</a>, a public bus agency in <a href="/wiki/Marin_County,_California" title="Marin County, California">Marin County, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In September 2020, Uber committed to <a href="/wiki/Carbon_neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbon neutrality">carbon neutrality</a> globally by 2040, and required that, by 2030, in most countries, rides must be offered exclusively in <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric vehicles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In December 2020, Uber acquired <a href="/wiki/Postmates" title="Postmates">Postmates</a> for $2.65 billion.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Also in December 2020, Uber sold its Elevate division, which was developing short flights using <a href="/wiki/VTOL" title="VTOL">VTOL</a> aircraft, to <a href="/wiki/Joby_Aviation" title="Joby Aviation">Joby Aviation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In January 2021, Uber Advanced Technologies Group (ATG), a joint venture minority-owned by <a href="/wiki/SoftBank_Vision_Fund" title="SoftBank Vision Fund">SoftBank Vision Fund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Denso" title="Denso">Denso</a> that was developing <a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">self-driving cars</a>, was sold to <a href="/wiki/Aurora_Innovation" title="Aurora Innovation">Aurora Innovation</a> for $4 billion in equity and Uber invested $400 million into Aurora.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In March 2021, the company moved to a new headquarters on <a href="/wiki/Third_Street_(San_Francisco)" title="Third Street (San Francisco)">Third Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay, San Francisco</a>, consisting of several 6- and 11-story buildings connected by bridges and walkways.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In October 2021, Uber acquired <a href="/wiki/Drizly" title="Drizly">Drizly</a>, an alcohol delivery service, for $1.1 billion in cash and stock; it was shut down in early 2024.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> On January 20, 2022, Uber acquired Australian car-sharing company <a href="/wiki/Car_Next_Door" class="mw-redirect" title="Car Next Door">Car Next Door</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> On September 15, 2022, Uber discovered a security breach of its internal network by a <a href="/wiki/Hacker" title="Hacker">hacker</a> that utilized <a href="/wiki/Social_engineering_(security)" title="Social engineering (security)">social engineering</a> to obtain an employee's credentials and gain access to the company's <a href="/wiki/VPN" class="mw-redirect" title="VPN">VPN</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intranet" title="Intranet">intranet</a>. The company said that no sensitive data had been compromised.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Uber" title="Controversies surrounding Uber">Controversies surrounding Uber</a></div> Like other ridesharing companies, the company classifies its drivers as <a href="/wiki/Gig_worker" title="Gig worker">gig workers</a>/<a href="/wiki/Independent_contractor" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent contractor">independent contractors</a>. This figure has become the subject of legal action in several jurisdictions. The company has disrupted <a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">taxicab</a> businesses and allegedly caused an increase in <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">traffic congestion</a>. Ridesharing companies are <a href="/wiki/Legality_of_ridesharing_companies_by_jurisdiction" title="Legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction">regulated in many jurisdictions</a> and the Uber platform is not available in several countries where the company is not able or willing to comply with local regulations. <a href="/wiki/Controversies_involving_Uber" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversies involving Uber">Controversies involving Uber</a> include various unethical practices such as aggressive lobbying and ignoring and evading local regulations. Many of these were revealed by a leak of documents showing controversial activity between 2013 and 2017 under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ignoring_and_evading_local_regulations">Ignoring and evading local regulations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ignoring and evading local regulations">edit</a>]</div> Uber has been criticized for its strategy of generally commencing operations in a city without regard for local regulations. If faced with regulatory opposition, Uber called for public support for its service and mounted a political campaign, supported by <a href="/wiki/Lobbying" title="Lobbying">lobbying</a>, to change regulations.<a href="#cite_note-ignoring-80">[80]</a> Uber argued that it is "a <a href="/wiki/Technology_company" title="Technology company">technology company</a>" and not a taxi company, and therefore it was not subject to regulations affecting taxi companies.<a href="#cite_note-ignoring-80">[80]</a> Uber's strategy was generally to "seek forgiveness rather than permission".<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> In 2014, with regards to airport pickups without a permit in California, drivers were actually told to ignore local regulations and that the company would pay for any citations.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Uber's response to <a href="/wiki/California_Assembly_Bill_5_(2019)" title="California Assembly Bill 5 (2019)">California Assembly Bill 5 (2019)</a>, whereby it announced that it would not comply with the law, then engaged lobbyists and mounted an expensive public opinion campaign to overturn it via a ballot, was cited as an example of this policy.<a href="#cite_note-ignoring-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> More than 124,000 Uber documents covering the five-year period from 2012 to 2017 when Uber was run by its co-founder Travis Kalanick were leaked by Mark MacGann, a <a href="/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist">lobbyist</a> who "led Uber's efforts to win over governments across Europe, the Middle East and Africa",<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> to <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> newspaper and first printed on 10 July 2022 by its <a href="/wiki/Sunday_newspaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday newspaper">Sunday sister</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a>. The documents revealed attempts to lobby <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a>; how <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> secretly aided Uber lobbying in France, and use of a <a href="/wiki/Kill_switch" title="Kill switch">kill switch</a> during police raids to conceal data. Travis Kalanick dismissed concerns from other executives that sending Uber drivers to a protest in France put them at risk of violence from angry opponents in the taxi industry, saying "I think it's worth it, violence guarantees success".<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Taxi companies sued Uber in numerous American cities, alleging that Uber's policy of violating taxi regulations was a form of unfair competition or a violation of antitrust law.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Although some courts did find that Uber intentionally violated the taxi rules, Uber prevailed in every case, including the only case to proceed to trial.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> In March 2017, an investigation by <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> revealed that Uber developed a software tool called "Greyball" to avoid giving rides to known law enforcement officers in areas where its service was illegal such as in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. The tool identified government officials using <a href="/wiki/Geofencing" class="mw-redirect" title="Geofencing">geofencing</a>, mining credit card databases, identifying devices, and searches of social media.<a href="#cite_note-nyt_greyball-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> While at first, Uber stated that it only used the tool to identify riders that violated its <a href="/wiki/Terms_of_service" title="Terms of service">terms of service</a>, after investigations by <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a>,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Uber admitted to using the tool to skirt local regulations and promised not to use the tool for that purpose.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The use of Greyball in London was cited by <a href="/wiki/Transport_for_London" title="Transport for London">Transport for London</a> as one of the reasons for its decision not to renew Uber's private hire operator licence in September 2017.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> A January 2018 report by <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a> stated that Uber routinely used a "panic button" system, codenamed "Ripley", that locked, powered off and changed passwords on staff computers when those offices were subjected to government raids.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Uber allegedly used this button at least 24 times, from spring 2015 until late 2016.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traffic_congestion">Traffic congestion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Traffic congestion">edit</a>]</div> Studies have shown that especially in cities where it competes with <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public transport</a>, ridesharing contributes to <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">traffic congestion</a>, reduces public transport use, has no substantial impact on vehicle ownership, and increases <a href="/wiki/Automobile_dependency" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile dependency">automobile dependency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BI_congestion-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-London_congestion-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-Verge_congestion-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-WSJ_congestion-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dead_mileage" title="Dead mileage">Dead mileage</a> specifically causes unnecessary carbon emissions and traffic congestion.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> A study published in September 2019 found that <a href="/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi">taxis</a> had lower rider waiting time and vehicle empty driving time, and thus contribute less to congestion and pollution in downtown areas.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> However, a 2018 report noted that ridesharing complements public transit.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> A study published in July 2018 found that Uber and Lyft are creating more traffic and congestion.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> A study published in March 2016 found that in Los Angeles and Seattle the passenger occupancy for Uber services is higher than that of taxi services, and concluded that Uber rides reduce congestion on the premise that they replace taxi rides.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Studies citing data from 2010 to 2019 found that Uber rides are made in addition to taxi rides, and replace walking, bike rides, and bus rides, in addition to the Uber vehicles having a low average occupancy rate, all of which increases congestion. This increase in congestion has led some cities to levy taxes on rides taken with ridesharing companies.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Another study shows that the surge factor pricing mechanism used for ridehailing services are informative for predicting taxi bookings as well, and that taxis incorporating this relative price can improve allocative efficiency and demand prediction.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> A study published in July 2017 indicated that the increase in traffic caused by Uber generates collective costs in lost time in congestion, increased pollution, and increased accident risks that can exceed the economy and revenue generated by the service, indicating that, in certain conditions, Uber might have a <a href="/wiki/Social_cost" title="Social cost">social cost</a> that is greater than its benefits.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counter-intelligence_research_on_class_action_plaintiffs">Counter-intelligence research on class action plaintiffs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Counter-intelligence research on class action plaintiffs">edit</a>]</div> In 2016, Uber hired the global security consulting firm Ergo to secretly investigate plaintiffs involved in a class action lawsuit. Ergo operatives posed as acquaintances of the plaintiff's counsel and tried to contact their associates to obtain information that could be used against them. The result of which was found out causing the judge to throw out evidence obtained as obtained in a fraudulent manner.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_harassment_allegations_and_management_shakeup_(2017)">Sexual harassment allegations and management shakeup (2017)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sexual harassment allegations and management shakeup (2017)">edit</a>]</div> On February 19, 2017, former Uber engineer <a href="/wiki/Susan_Fowler" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan Fowler">Susan Fowler</a> published on her website that she was propositioned for sex by a manager and subsequently threatened with <a href="/wiki/Termination_of_employment" title="Termination of employment">termination of employment</a> by another manager if she continued to report the incident. Kalanick was allegedly aware of the complaint.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> On February 27, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Amit_Singhal" title="Amit Singhal">Amit Singhal</a>, Uber's Senior Vice President of Engineering, was forced to resign after he failed to disclose a <a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">sexual harassment</a> claim against him that occurred while he served as Vice President of <a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> After investigations led by former attorney general <a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arianna_Huffington" title="Arianna Huffington">Arianna Huffington</a>, a member of Uber's <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a>,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> in June 2017, Uber fired over 20 employees.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Kalanick took an indefinite leave of absence but, under pressure from investors, he resigned as CEO a week later.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Also departing the company in June 2017 was <a href="/wiki/Emil_Michael" title="Emil Michael">Emil Michael</a>, a senior vice president who suggested that Uber hire a team of opposition researchers and journalists, with a million-dollar budget, to "dig up dirt" on the personal lives and backgrounds of journalists who reported negatively on Uber, specifically targeting <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Lacy" title="Sarah Lacy">Sarah Lacy</a>, editor of <a href="/wiki/PandoDaily" title="PandoDaily">PandoDaily</a>, who, in an article published in October 2014, accused Uber of <a href="/wiki/Sexism" title="Sexism">sexism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Misogyny" title="Misogyny">misogyny</a> in its advertising.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> In August 2018, Uber agreed to pay a total of $7 million to settle claims of gender discrimination, harassment, and hostile work environment, with 480 employees and former employees receiving $10,700 each and 56 of those employees and former employees receiving an additional $33,900 each.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> In December 2019, Kalanick resigned from the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a> of the company and sold his shares.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Delayed_disclosure_of_data_breaches">Delayed disclosure of data breaches</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Delayed disclosure of data breaches">edit</a>]</div> On February 27, 2015, Uber admitted that it had suffered a <a href="/wiki/Data_breach" title="Data breach">data breach</a> more than nine months prior. Names and license plate information from approximately 50,000 drivers were inadvertently disclosed.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Uber discovered this leak in September 2014, but waited more than five months to notify the affected individuals.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> An announcement in November 2017 revealed that in 2016, a separate data breach had disclosed the personal information of 600,000 drivers and 57 million customers. This data included names, email addresses, phone numbers, and drivers' license information. Hackers used employees' usernames and passwords that had been compromised in previous breaches (a "<a href="/wiki/Credential_stuffing" title="Credential stuffing">credential stuffing</a>" method) to gain access to a private <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a> repository used by Uber's developers. The hackers located credentials for the company's <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon Web Services</a> datastore in the repository files, and were able to obtain access to the account records of users and drivers, as well as other data contained in over 100 <a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">Amazon S3</a> buckets. Uber paid a $100,000 ransom to the hackers on the promise they would delete the stolen data.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Uber was subsequently criticized for concealing this data breach.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> Dara Khosrowshahi publicly apologized.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> In September 2018, in the largest multi-state settlement of a data breach, Uber paid $148 million to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a>, and admitted that internal access to consumers' personal information was closely monitored on an ongoing basis was false, and stated that it had failed to live up to its promise to provide reasonable security for consumer data.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> In November 2018, Uber's British divisions were fined £385,000 (reduced to £308,000) by the <a href="/wiki/Information_Commissioner%27s_Office" title="Information Commissioner's Office">Information Commissioner's Office</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> In 2020, the <a href="/wiki/US_Department_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="US Department of Justice">US Department of Justice</a> announced criminal charges against former Chief Security Officer <a href="/wiki/Joe_Sullivan_(Internet_security_expert)" title="Joe Sullivan (Internet security expert)">Joe Sullivan</a> for <a href="/wiki/Obstruction_of_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruction of justice">obstruction of justice</a>. The criminal complaint said Joe Sullivan arranged with Travis Kalanick's knowledge, to pay a ransom for the 2016 breach as a "bug bounty" to conceal its true nature, and for the hackers to falsify non-disclosure agreements to say they had not obtained any data.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privacy">Privacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Privacy">edit</a>]</div> In July 2017, Uber received a five-star privacy rating from the <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>,<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> but was harshly criticized by the group in September 2017 for a controversial policy of tracking customers' locations even after a ride ended, forcing the company to reverse its policy.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> In January 2024, Uber was fined 10 million euros ($11 million) by the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Data_Protection_Authority" title="Dutch Data Protection Authority">Dutch Data Protection Authority</a> for violating privacy regulations pertaining to the personal data of its drivers. The authority determined that Uber had failed to provide clear information in its terms and conditions regarding the duration for which it retained drivers' personal data, as well as the measures taken to secure this data when transmitting it to undisclosed entities outside the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> In August 2024, Uber was fined €290m euros ($324 million) by the Dutch Data Protection Authority for transferring the personal data of European drivers to US servers in breach of the <a href="/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation" title="General Data Protection Regulation">GDPR</a>.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Labor">Labor</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Labor">edit</a>]</div> In February 2023, Uber drivers went on strike in the US and UK to protest wages and fees. They were joined by drivers from <a href="/wiki/Lyft" title="Lyft">Lyft</a> and <a href="/wiki/DoorDash" title="DoorDash">DoorDash</a> delivery workers.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ads_and_promotions">Ads and promotions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ads and promotions">edit</a>]</div> In March 2024, <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a> reported a trend of popular service apps like Uber emphasizing higher margin advertising to increase profits. The reporting mentioned Uber personalizing content based on user data and maintain the balance between increasing ad revenue and annoying and turning away customers. It noted that Uber was showing customers one ad per trip and how it tried to implement push alerts before moving away from them given the response from customers.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finances">Finances</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Finances">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align: right;"> <caption>Uber revenue and net income in billion <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a><a href="#cite_note-business-apps-uber-153">[153]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Revenue</th> <th>Net income </th></tr> <tr> <td>2023</td> <td>37.3</td> <td>1.887 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022</td> <td>31.8</td> <td>−<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>9.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021</td> <td>17.4</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020</td> <td>11.1</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">6.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019</td> <td>14.1</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">8.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td>11.3</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td>7.9</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td>5</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">3.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td>1.7</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td>0.4</td> <td>−<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">0.7 </td></tr></tbody></table> Uber has posted hundreds of millions or billions of dollars in losses each year from 2014 until 2022 except for 2018, when it exited from the markets in Russia, China, and Southeast Asia in exchange for stakes in rival businesses.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> By the end of 2022, Uber had US$32.11 billion in assets and $24.03 billion in liabilities. Uber posted annual operating profits in 2023, totaling $1.88 billion,<a href="#cite_note-10KFeb2024-1">[1]</a> after accumulating $31.5 billion in operating losses since 2014.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Gallery">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_ride_Bogota_(10277864666).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Uber driver in Bogotá, Colombia with the Uber app on a dashboard-mounted smartphone"><img alt="An Uber driver in Bogotá, Colombia with the Uber app on a dashboard-mounted smartphone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg/180px-Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg/270px-Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg/360px-Uber_ride_Bogota_%2810277864666%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">An Uber driver in Bogotá, Colombia with the Uber app on a dashboard-mounted smartphone</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uber Boat by Thames Clippers on River Thames, London"><img alt="Uber Boat by Thames Clippers on River Thames, London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg/180px-Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg/270px-Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg/360px-Jupiter_clipper_uberboat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Uber Boat by <a href="/wiki/Thames_Clippers" title="Thames Clippers">Thames Clippers</a> on River Thames, London</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10KFeb2024-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-10KFeb2024_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-10KFeb2024_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-10KFeb2024_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-10KFeb2024_1-3">d</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1543151/000154315124000012/uber-20231231.htm">"Uber Technologies, Inc. 2023 Form 10-K Annual Report"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a>. 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(Ergo did not respond to requests for comment.)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theverge.com&rft.atitle=How+Uber+secretly+investigated+its+legal+foes+%E2%80%94+and+got+caught&rft.date=2016-07-10&rft.aulast=Brandom&rft.aufirst=Russel&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2016%2F7%2F10%2F12127638%2Fuber-ergo-investigation-lawsuit-fraud-travis-kalanick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiltzik2016" class="citation web cs1">Hiltzik, Michael (June 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-hiltzik-uber-rakoff-20160610-snap-story.html">"Column: How sleazy is Uber? This federal judge wants to know"</a>. Los Angeles Times. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Amit+Singhal%2C+Uber+Executive+Linked+to+Old+Harassment+Claim%2C+Resigns&rft.date=2017-02-27&rft.aulast=Isaac&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F02%2F27%2Ftechnology%2Fuber-sexual-harassment-amit-singhal-resign.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOverly2017" class="citation news cs1">Overly, Steven (February 21, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-uber-eric-holder-20170221-story.html">"Uber hires Eric Holder to investigate sexual harassment claims"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170221212821/http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-uber-eric-holder-20170221-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Uber+hires+Eric+Holder+to+investigate+sexual+harassment+claims&rft.date=2017-02-21&rft.aulast=Overly&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology%2Fla-fi-tn-uber-eric-holder-20170221-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolon2016" class="citation news cs1">Solon, Olivia (June 7, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Uber+fires+more+than+20+employees+after+sexual+harassment+investigation&rft.date=2016-06-07&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Solon&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2017%2Fjun%2F06%2Fuber-fires-employees-sexual-harassment-investigation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarinova2017" class="citation news cs1">Marinova, Polina (June 6, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fortune.com/2017/06/06/uber-sexual-harassment-investigation/">"Uber Fires More Than 20 Employees After Harassment Investigation: Report"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a>. <a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170917124113/https://www.buzzfeed.com/bensmith/uber-executive-suggests-digging-up-dirt-on-journalists">Archived</a> from the original on September 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed&rft.atitle=Uber+Executive+Suggests+Digging+Up+Dirt+On+Journalists&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeed.com%2Fbensmith%2Fuber-executive-suggests-digging-up-dirt-on-journalists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsaac2014" class="citation news cs1">Isaac, Mike (November 18, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/emil-michael-of-uber-proposes-digging-into-journalists-private-lives/">"Uber 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Uber+faces+slew+of+investigations+in+wake+of+%27outrageous%27+data+hack+cover-up&rft.date=2017-11-22&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Julia+Carrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2017%2Fnov%2F22%2Fuber-scrutiny-data-breach-hacking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-11-21/uber-concealed-cyberattack-that-exposed-57-million-people-s-data">"Uber Paid Hackers to Delete Stolen Data on 57 Million People"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a>. 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November 27, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181128164802/https://ico.org.uk/media/action-weve-taken/mpns/2553890/uber-monetary-penalty-notice-26-november-2018.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on November 28, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monetary+Penalty+Notice+%28Uber%29&rft.pub=Information+Commissioner%27s+Office&rft.date=2018-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fico.org.uk%2Fmedia%2Faction-weve-taken%2Fmpns%2F2553890%2Fuber-monetary-penalty-notice-26-november-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBOND2020" class="citation news cs1">BOND, SHANNON (August 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2020/08/20/904113981/former-uber-executive-charged-with-paying-hush-money-to-conceal-massive-breach">"Former Uber Executive Charged With Paying 'Hush Money' To Conceal Massive Breach"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Former+Uber+Executive+Charged+With+Paying+%27Hush+Money%27+To+Conceal+Massive+Breach&rft.date=2020-08-20&rft.aulast=BOND&rft.aufirst=SHANNON&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2020%2F08%2F20%2F904113981%2Fformer-uber-executive-charged-with-paying-hush-money-to-conceal-massive-breach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReitman2017" class="citation web cs1">Reitman, Rainey (July 10, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eff.org/who-has-your-back-2017">"Who Has Your Back? Government Data Requests 2017"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915003333/https://www.eff.org/who-has-your-back-2017">Archived</a> from the original on September 15, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Frontier+Foundation&rft.atitle=Who+Has+Your+Back%3F+Government+Data+Requests+2017&rft.date=2017-07-10&rft.aulast=Reitman&rft.aufirst=Rainey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eff.org%2Fwho-has-your-back-2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGebhart2017" class="citation web cs1">Gebhart, Kurt Opsahl and Gennie (September 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2017/09/win-privacy-uber-restores-user-control-over-location-sharing">"In A Win For Privacy, Uber Restores User Control Over Location-Sharing"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Frontier+Foundation&rft.atitle=In+A+Win+For+Privacy%2C+Uber+Restores+User+Control+Over+Location-Sharing&rft.date=2017-09-18&rft.aulast=Gebhart&rft.aufirst=Kurt+Opsahl+and+Gennie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eff.org%2Fdeeplinks%2F2017%2F09%2Fwin-privacy-uber-restores-user-control-over-location-sharing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/dutch-watchdog-fines-uber-10-mln-euros-over-privacy-regulations-infringement-2024-01-31/">"Dutch watchdog fines Uber 10 mln euros over privacy regulations infringement | Reuters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Dutch+watchdog+fines+Uber+10+mln+euros+over+privacy+regulations+infringement+%26%23124%3B+Reuters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Ftechnology%2Fdutch-watchdog-fines-uber-10-mln-euros-over-privacy-regulations-infringement-2024-01-31%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHafsa_Khalil2024" class="citation news cs1">Hafsa Khalil (August 26, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cy76v561g48o">"Uber fined €290m for personal data transfer"</a>. BBC News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uber+fined+%E2%82%AC290m+for+personal+data+transfer&rft.date=2024-08-26&rft.au=Hafsa+Khalil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcy76v561g48o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/uber-lyft-drivers-strike-valentines-day-e22eee6bb6c008a7dc05a32061e8ab55">"Date night strike: Thousands of US, UK delivery, ride-hailing drivers stop work on Valentine's Day"</a>. AP News. February 14, 2024. Retrieved February 15, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Date+night+strike%3A+Thousands+of+US%2C+UK+delivery%2C+ride-hailing+drivers+stop+work+on+Valentine%27s+Day&rft.date=2024-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fuber-lyft-drivers-strike-valentines-day-e22eee6bb6c008a7dc05a32061e8ab55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRana" class="citation news cs1">Rana, Preetika. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/tech/uber-lyft-instacart-app-ads-users-97b096e2">"Uber and Instacart Are Showing More Ads in Their Apps. Not All Customers Like It"</a>. WSJ. Retrieved March 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WSJ&rft.atitle=Uber+and+Instacart+Are+Showing+More+Ads+in+Their+Apps.+Not+All+Customers+Like+It.&rft.aulast=Rana&rft.aufirst=Preetika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Ftech%2Fuber-lyft-instacart-app-ads-users-97b096e2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-business-apps-uber-153"><a href="#cite_ref-business-apps-uber_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessofapps.com/data/uber-statistics/">"Uber Revenue and Usage Statistics (2022)"</a>, Business of Apps, February 20, 2023, retrieved February 28, 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+of+Apps&rft.atitle=Uber+Revenue+and+Usage+Statistics+%282022%29&rft.date=2023-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessofapps.com%2Fdata%2Fuber-statistics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJon_Russell2019" class="citation cs2">Jon Russell (April 12, 2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2019/04/11/uber-global-exits-billions/">"Uber has already made billions from its exits in China, Russia and Southeast Asia"</a>, TechCrunch</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Uber+has+already+made+billions+from+its+exits+in+China%2C+Russia+and+Southeast+Asia&rft.date=2019-04-12&rft.au=Jon+Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2019%2F04%2F11%2Fuber-global-exits-billions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Waters2023" class="citation cs2">Richard Waters (August 1, 2023), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/dae2b90e-1ba0-4e8f-aabc-34aae4ca05d7">"Uber makes first operating profit after racking up $31.5bn of losses"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Uber+makes+first+operating+profit+after+racking+up+%2431.5bn+of+losses&rft.date=2023-08-01&rft.au=Richard+Waters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fdae2b90e-1ba0-4e8f-aabc-34aae4ca05d7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> Scholarly papers <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaurellSandström2016" class="citation journal cs1">Laurell, Christofer; Sandström, Christian (June 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hj.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1043806&dswid=47113880">"Analysing Uber in social media – disruptive technology or institutional disruption?"</a>. International Journal of Innovation Management. 20 (5): 1640013. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1142%2FS1363919616400132">10.1142/S1363919616400132</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Innovation+Management&rft.atitle=Analysing+Uber+in+social+media+%E2%80%93+disruptive+technology+or+institutional+disruption%3F&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1640013&rft.date=2016-06-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1142%2FS1363919616400132&rft.aulast=Laurell&rft.aufirst=Christofer&rft.au=Sandstr%C3%B6m%2C+Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhj.diva-portal.org%2Fsmash%2Frecord.jsf%3Fpid%3Ddiva2%253A1043806%26dswid%3D47113880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGaughey2018" class="citation journal cs1">McGaughey, E. (2018). "Uber, the Taylor Review, mutuality, and the duty to not misrepresent employment status". Industrial Law Journal. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3018516">3018516</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=Uber%2C+the+Taylor+Review%2C+mutuality%2C+and+the+duty+to+not+misrepresent+employment+status&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D3018516%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft.aulast=McGaughey&rft.aufirst=E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetropoulos2016" class="citation web cs1">Petropoulos, Georgios (February 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bruegel.org/2016/02/uber-and-the-economic-impact-of-sharing-economy-platforms/">"Uber and the economic impact of sharing economy platforms"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bruegel_(institution)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruegel (institution)">Bruegel</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uber+and+the+economic+impact+of+sharing+economy+platforms&rft.pub=Bruegel&rft.date=2016-02-22&rft.aulast=Petropoulos&rft.aufirst=Georgios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bruegel.org%2F2016%2F02%2Fuber-and-the-economic-impact-of-sharing-economy-platforms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoto_La_Diega2016" class="citation journal cs1">Noto La Diega, Guido (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/27866/1/Guido-REDC.pdf">"Uber law and awareness by design. An empirical study on online platforms and dehumanised negotiations"</a> (PDF). Revue européenne de droit de la consommation/ European Journal of Consumer Law. 2016 (II): 383–413 – via Northumbria Research Link.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+europ%C3%A9enne+de+droit+de+la+consommation%2F+European+Journal+of+Consumer+Law&rft.atitle=Uber+law+and+awareness+by+design.+An+empirical+study+on+online+platforms+and+dehumanised+negotiations&rft.volume=2016&rft.issue=II&rft.pages=383-413&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Noto+La+Diega&rft.aufirst=Guido&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnrl.northumbria.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F27866%2F1%2FGuido-REDC.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOitavenCarelliCasagrande2018" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Oitaven, Juliana Carreiro Corbal; Carelli, Rodrigo de Lacerda; Casagrande, Cássio Luís (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://csb.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CONAFRET_WEB-compressed.pdf">Empresas de transporte, plataformas digitais e a relação de emprego: um estudo do trabalho subordinado sob aplicativos</a> (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brasília: Ministério Público do Trabalho. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788566507270" title="Special:BookSources/9788566507270"><bdi>9788566507270</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empresas+de+transporte%2C+plataformas+digitais+e+a+rela%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+emprego%3A+um+estudo+do+trabalho+subordinado+sob+aplicativos&rft.place=Bras%C3%ADlia&rft.pub=Minist%C3%A9rio+P%C3%BAblico+do+Trabalho&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9788566507270&rft.aulast=Oitaven&rft.aufirst=Juliana+Carreiro+Corbal&rft.au=Carelli%2C+Rodrigo+de+Lacerda&rft.au=Casagrande%2C+C%C3%A1ssio+Lu%C3%ADs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcsb.org.br%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F01%2FCONAFRET_WEB-compressed.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers2015" class="citation journal cs1">Rogers, B. (2015). "The Social Costs of Uber". <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Law_Review_Dialogue" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue">University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue</a>. 82: 85. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2608017">2608017</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=University+of+Chicago+Law+Review+Dialogue&rft.atitle=The+Social+Costs+of+Uber&rft.volume=82&rft.pages=85&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2608017%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li></ul> Books <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsaac2019" class="citation book cs1">Isaac, Mike (2019). <a href="/wiki/Super_Pumped:_The_Battle_for_Uber" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Pumped: The Battle for Uber">Super Pumped: The Battle for Uber</a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/W._W._Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="W. W. Norton">W. W. Norton</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393652246" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393652246"><bdi>978-0393652246</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Super+Pumped%3A+The+Battle+for+Uber&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0393652246&rft.aulast=Isaac&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brad_Stone_(journalist)" title="Brad Stone (journalist)">Stone, Brad</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/953598607">The Upstarts : How Uber, Airbnb, and the Killer Companies of the New Silicon Valley are Changing the World</a> (1st ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Little,_Brown_and_Company" title="Little, Brown and Company">Little, Brown and Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780316388399" title="Special:BookSources/9780316388399"><bdi>9780316388399</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Upstarts+%3A+How+Uber%2C+Airbnb%2C+and+the+Killer+Companies+of+the+New+Silicon+Valley+are+Changing+the+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780316388399&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Brad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F953598607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUber" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_viewing">Further viewing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further viewing">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/video/driven-iqgrcz/">Playing by the Rules: Ethics at Work: Season 3 Episode 1: "Driven"</a> PBS, October 3, 2019</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Uber&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Uber_(company)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Uber (company)">Uber (company)</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has news related to: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Uber" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Category:Uber"> Uber </a> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uber.com/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780442#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li>Business data for Uber Technologies, Inc.: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/UBER:US">Bloomberg</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/finance/quote/UBER:NYSE">Google</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/companies/UBER.N">Reuters</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1543151">SEC filings</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/UBER">Yahoo!</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Uber" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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id="Uber" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Uber</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Travis_Kalanick" title="Travis Kalanick">Travis Kalanick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Camp" title="Garrett Camp">Garrett Camp</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Uber_logo_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/100px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/150px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Uber_logo_2018.svg/200px-Uber_logo_2018.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="322" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Sugar" title="Ronald Sugar">Ronald Sugar</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dara_Khosrowshahi" title="Dara Khosrowshahi">Dara Khosrowshahi</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Chai" title="Nelson Chai">Nelson Chai</a> (CFO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thuan_Pham" title="Thuan Pham">Thuan Pham</a> (former CTO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Eats" title="Uber Eats">Uber Eats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Careem" title="Careem">Careem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmates" title="Postmates">Postmates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Careem" title="Careem">Careem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drizly" title="Drizly">Drizly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_(transportation_company)" title="Jump (transportation company)">Jump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottomotto" title="Ottomotto">Ottomotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmates" title="Postmates">Postmates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_Next_Door" class="mw-redirect" title="Car Next Door">Car Next Door</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct/Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jump_(transportation_company)" title="Jump (transportation company)">Jump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottomotto" title="Ottomotto">Ottomotto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Uber" title="Timeline of Uber">Timeline of Uber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_involving_Uber" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversies involving Uber">Controversies involving Uber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Lyft_and_Uber_drivers%27_strikes" title="2019 Lyft and Uber drivers' strikes">2019 strike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Ridesharing company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_ridesharing_companies_by_jurisdiction" title="Legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction">Legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Uber" title="Category:Uber">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Platform_economy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Platform_economy" title="Template:Platform economy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Platform_economy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Platform economy (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Platform_economy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Platform economy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Platform_economy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Platform_economy" title="Platform economy">Platform economy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">Crowdfunding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_crowdfunding_services" title="Comparison of crowdfunding services">Comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customer_to_customer" title="Customer to customer">Customer to customer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freelancer" title="Freelancer">Freelancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gig_economy" title="Gig economy">Gig economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gig_economy_companies" title="List of gig economy companies">list of companies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gig_worker" title="Gig worker">Gig worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_marketplace" title="Online marketplace">Online marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Ridesharing company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-sided_market" title="Two-sided market">Two-sided market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Labor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_App-based_Transport_Workers" title="International Alliance of App-based Transport Workers">International Alliance of App-based Transport Workers</a> (Global)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Federation_of_App-based_Transport_Workers" title="Indian Federation of App-based Transport Workers">Indian Federation of App-based Transport Workers</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideshare_Drivers_United_(California)" title="Rideshare Drivers United (California)">Rideshare Drivers United</a> (California)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxi_Workers%27_Alliance" title="National Taxi Workers' Alliance">National Taxi Workers' Alliance</a> (New York)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_E-Hailing_Drivers_and_Private_Owners_Association" title="Professional E-Hailing Drivers and Private Owners Association">Professional E-Hailing Drivers and Private Owners Association</a> (Nigeria)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Strikes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Gorillas_strikes" title="2021 Gorillas strikes">2021 Gorillas strikes</a> (Berlin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Lyft_and_Uber_drivers%27_strikes" title="2019 Lyft and Uber drivers' strikes">2019 Lyft and Uber drivers' strikes</a> (California)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Ridesharing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_California_Proposition_22" title="2020 California Proposition 22">2020 California Proposition 22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Assembly_Bill_5_(2019)" title="California Assembly Bill 5 (2019)">California Assembly Bill 5 (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_sharing" title="Flight sharing">Flight sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_taxi_operation" title="Illegal taxi operation">Illegal taxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_ridesharing_companies_by_jurisdiction" title="Legality of ridesharing companies by jurisdiction">Legality by jurisdiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyft" title="Lyft">Lyft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motivate_(company)" title="Motivate (company)">Motivate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ride_sharing_privacy" title="Ride sharing privacy">Privacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Uber</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Carshare" title="Uber Carshare">Careshare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_surrounding_Uber" title="Controversies surrounding Uber">Controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Eats" title="Uber Eats">Eats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uber_BV_v_Aslam" title="Uber BV v Aslam">Uber BV v Aslam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uber_Files" title="Uber Files">Uber Files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Online_marketplace" title="Online marketplace">Online marketplaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_online_marketplaces" title="List of online marketplaces">List of online marketplaces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Homestay" title="Homestay">Homestay</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9flats" title="9flats">9flats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Booking.com" title="Booking.com">Booking.com</a>, <a href="/wiki/GuestReady" title="GuestReady">GuestReady</a>, <a href="/wiki/Misterb%26b" title="Misterb&b">misterb&b</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vrbo" title="Vrbo">Vrbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wimdu" title="Wimdu">Wimdu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Tech" title="Big Tech">Big Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enshittification" title="Enshittification">Enshittification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm_stay" title="Farm stay">Farm stay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-level_marketing" title="Multi-level marketing">Multi-level marketing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multi-level_marketing_companies" title="List of multi-level marketing companies">List of companies</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_Internet_companies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Major_Internet_companies" title="Template:Major Internet companies"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Major_Internet_companies" title="Template talk:Major Internet companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Major_Internet_companies" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Major Internet companies"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_Internet_companies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> companies</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Companies with an annual revenue of over US$4 billion</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_Internet_companies" title="List of largest Internet companies">Internet </a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Inc." title="Adobe Inc.">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Group" title="Alibaba Group">Alibaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidu" title="Baidu">Baidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAC_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="IAC (company)">IAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakao" title="Kakao">Kakao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meituan" title="Meituan">Meituan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naver_Corporation" title="Naver Corporation">Naver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetEase" title="NetEase">NetEase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tencent" title="Tencent">Tencent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex">Yandex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cloud computing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akamai_Technologies" title="Akamai Technologies">Akamai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alibaba_Cloud" title="Alibaba Cloud">Alibaba Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">AWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICloud" title="ICloud">Apple iCloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform" title="Google Cloud Platform">Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Cloud" title="IBM Cloud">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salesforce" title="Salesforce">Salesforce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ServiceNow" title="ServiceNow">ServiceNow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E-commerce</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booking_Holdings" title="Booking Holdings">Booking Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupang" title="Coupang">Coupang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedia" title="Expedia">Expedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flipkart" title="Flipkart">Flipkart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupon" title="Groupon">Groupon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD.com" title="JD.com">JD.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazada_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Lazada Group">Lazada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercado_Libre" title="Mercado Libre">Mercado Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakuten" title="Rakuten">Rakuten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopee" title="Shopee">Shopee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopify" title="Shopify">Shopify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suning.com" title="Suning.com">Suning.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip.com" title="Trip.com">Trip.com</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Uber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayfair" title="Wayfair">Wayfair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalando" title="Zalando">Zalando</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed" title="BuzzFeed">BuzzFeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ByteDance" title="ByteDance">ByteDance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuaishou" title="Kuaishou">Kuaishou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix,_Inc." title="Netflix, Inc.">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Streaming" title="Paramount Streaming">Paramount Streaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average_components" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average" title="Template:Dow Jones Transportation Average"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average" title="Template talk:Dow Jones Transportation Average"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dow Jones Transportation Average"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average_components" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dow_Jones_Transportation_Average" title="Dow Jones Transportation Average">Dow Jones Transportation Average</a> components</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Air_Group" title="Alaska Air Group">Alaska Air Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Airlines_Group" title="American Airlines Group">American Airlines Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avis_Budget_Group" title="Avis Budget Group">Avis Budget Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.H._Robinson" title="C.H. Robinson">C.H. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSX_Corporation" title="CSX Corporation">CSX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expeditors_International" title="Expeditors International">Expeditors International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FedEx" title="FedEx">FedEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._B._Hunt" title="J. B. Hunt">J. B. Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirby_Corporation" title="Kirby Corporation">Kirby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landstar_System" title="Landstar System">Landstar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matson,_Inc." title="Matson, Inc.">Matson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Southern" class="mw-redirect" title="Norfolk Southern">Norfolk Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Dominion_Freight_Line" title="Old Dominion Freight Line">Old Dominion Freight Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryder" title="Ryder">Ryder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Airlines" title="Southwest Airlines">Southwest Airlines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Uber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Pacific_Corporation" title="Union Pacific Corporation">Union Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Airlines_Holdings" title="United Airlines Holdings">United Airlines Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Parcel_Service" title="United Parcel Service">United Parcel Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780442#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780442#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780442#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000492978339">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/332144782710313388566">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1077226640">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2017008671">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2018995038&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007392873905171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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