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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关民族分佈、人口與語言子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-民族分佈、人口與語言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-人口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>人口</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理分布" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理分布"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>地理分布</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地理分布-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-語言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#語言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>語言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-語言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理環境" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理環境"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>地理環境</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地理環境-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史沿革" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史沿革"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>歷史沿革</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史沿革-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-社會、家庭與婚姻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#社會、家庭與婚姻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>社會、家庭與婚姻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-社會、家庭與婚姻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-產業與生活" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#產業與生活"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>產業與生活</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-產業與生活-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关產業與生活子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-產業與生活-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-經濟生活" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#經濟生活"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>經濟生活</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-經濟生活-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-信仰與節日" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信仰與節日"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> 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id="toc-參考書目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考書目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>參考書目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">卡尤加人</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。25种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7" title="شعب كايوغا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعب كايوغا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayuqa_(xalq)" title="Kayuqa (xalq) – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kayuqa (xalq)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Каюга – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каюга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Каюга – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Каюга" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga_(grup_hum%C3%A0)" title="Cayuga (grup humà) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cayuga (grup humà)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayugov%C3%A9" title="Cayugové – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cayugové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga" title="Cayuga – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga_(Volk)" title="Cayuga (Volk) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cayuga (Volk)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga_people" title="Cayuga people – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cayuga people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajugoj" title="Kajugoj – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kajugoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga" title="Cayuga – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayugat" title="Cayugat – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cayugat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayugas" title="Cayugas – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cayugas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga_Indijanci" title="Cayuga Indijanci – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cayuga Indijanci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Cayuga" title="Suku Cayuga – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazione_Cayuga" title="Nazione Cayuga – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nazione Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9C%A0%EA%B0%80%EC%A1%B1" title="카유가족 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카유가족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Кајузи – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кајузи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Cayuga" title="Orang Cayuga – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayugaene" title="Cayugaene – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cayugaene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayugas" title="Cayugas – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cayugas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8E%D0%B3%D0%B0_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Кайюга (народ) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кайюга (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga" title="Cayuga – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayuga" title="Cayuga – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cayuga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B3%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%27%D1%8F)" title="Каюга (плем'я) – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Каюга (плем'я)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q210334#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="关于此页面的讨论（页面不存在）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&oldid=63491565" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&id=63491565&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258D%25A1%25E5%25B0%25A4%25E5%258A%25A0%25E4%25BA%25BA"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258D%25A1%25E5%25B0%25A4%25E5%258A%25A0%25E4%25BA%25BA"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cayuga_(people)" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q210334" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn"><span class="fn org">卡尤加人</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;;">總人口</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">5,342+ (450 分布於紐約州;<br />4,892 分布於奧克拉荷馬州<sup id="cite_ref-oia_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oia-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;;">分佈地區</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81" title="安大略省"><img alt="安大略省" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%A7%E7%95%A5%E7%9C%81" title="安大略省">安大略省</a>),<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a><br /> (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%B7%9E" title="纽约州"><img alt="纽约州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/22px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/33px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_New_York.svg/44px-Flag_of_New_York.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="紐約州">紐約州</a>, <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E8%8D%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="奧克拉荷馬州"><img alt="奧克拉荷馬州" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/22px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/33px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg/44px-Flag_of_Oklahoma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E8%8D%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="奧克拉荷馬州">奧克拉荷馬州</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;;">語言</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡尤加語（页面不存在）">卡尤加語</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英語</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="法語">法語</a>, 其餘易洛魁語言</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;;">宗教信仰</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><b>Kai'hwi'io</b>, <b>Kanoh'hon'io</b>, <b>Kahni'kwi'io</b>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%95%B7%E5%B1%8B%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="長屋信仰（页面不存在）">長屋信仰</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de;;">相关族群</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="塞內卡族">塞內卡族</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="易洛魁聯盟">易洛魁聯盟</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>卡尤加人</b> (卡尤加語: <i>Guyohkohnyo</i> or <i>Gayog<u>o</u>hó:no’</i>)<i>，</i>意即「<b>在沼澤中航行獨木舟的人</b>」。操卡尤加語的易洛魁系<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91" title="美洲原住民">美洲原住民</a>，是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="易洛魁聯盟">易洛魁聯盟</a>的五個初始部族之一。傳統領地座落於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%8C%87%E6%B9%96" title="五指湖">五指湖</a>周邊區域及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B9%96" title="卡尤加湖">卡尤加湖</a>一帶，介於其鄰邦<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%A7%E9%81%94%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧內達加人（页面不存在）">奧內達加人</a>領地以西、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="塞內卡人">塞內卡人</a>領地以東。現有人口將近4900人分布於奧克拉荷馬州、約450人分布於紐約州，另有大約200名卡尤加人與紐約州西部的塞內卡族共居。他們是易洛魁聯盟的原始成員，分布位置在聯盟中央偏西的位置。卡尤加人以<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%9D%88%E8%AB%96" title="泛靈論">泛靈論</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%BB%A1%E6%95%99" title="萨满教">薩滿信仰</a>為主。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="民族分佈、人口與語言"><span id=".E6.B0.91.E6.97.8F.E5.88.86.E4.BD.88.E3.80.81.E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3.E8.88.87.E8.AA.9E.E8.A8.80"></span>民族分佈、人口與語言</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：民族分佈、人口與語言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="人口"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3"></span>人口</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：人口"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>現有人口將近4900人分布於奧克拉荷馬州、約450人分布於紐約州；另有大約200名卡尤加人與紐約州西部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="塞內卡族">塞內卡族</a>共居；加拿大安大略省亦有部分分佈。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地理分布"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E5.88.86.E5.B8.83"></span>地理分布</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：地理分布"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>傳統領地座落於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%8C%87%E6%B9%96" title="五指湖">五指湖</a>周邊區域及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B9%96" title="卡尤加湖">卡尤加湖</a>一帶，介於其鄰邦<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%A7%E9%81%94%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧內達加人（页面不存在）">奧內達加人</a>領地以西、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="塞內卡人">塞內卡人</a>領地以東。由於美國獨立戰爭期間，卡尤加人的立場傾向大英帝國，戰後也為此受到美國政府報復性的迫害。美國政府強制性的遷移以及殖民範圍的不斷擴張，最終吞噬了卡尤加人原有的生存空間，使其不得不遷往內陸的奧克拉荷馬州；除此之外，部分卡尤加部落的族人選擇向北進入<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E" title="英屬北美">英屬北美</a>(今加拿大)避難並建立起部落，所以今日加拿大的安大略省亦有部分卡尤加人聚居。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="語言"><span id=".E8.AA.9E.E8.A8.80"></span>語言</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：語言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>使用的語言為<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="易洛魁语系">易洛魁語系</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡尤加語（页面不存在）">卡尤加語</a>，與聯盟內多數鄰邦的語言相似。易洛魁聯盟正是建立在語言及文化習俗近似，因此較可以相互溝通和理解的基礎上。 </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue;">易洛魁语系</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: lightblue;"><span style="font-size: small;">Iroquois</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:35%;;">地理分佈</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>东部</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:35%;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%B3%BB%E5%B1%9E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="语言系属分类">谱系学分类</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">易洛魁语系</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:35%;;">分支</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%87%E7%BD%97%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="切罗基语">切罗基语</a></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北易洛魁语族（页面不存在）">北易洛魁语族</a></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div> <div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lightblue;;">语言代码</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:35%;;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a> / <a href="/wiki/ISO_639-5" title="ISO 639-5">5</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><samp><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/iro" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:iro">iro</a></samp></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">–</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iroquoian_langs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iroquoian_langs.png/300px-Iroquoian_langs.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iroquoian_langs.png/450px-Iroquoian_langs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Iroquoian_langs.png/600px-Iroquoian_langs.png 2x" data-file-width="627" data-file-height="594" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="易洛魁语系">易洛魁語系</a></div> <p><b>易洛魁语系</b>是一个分布于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>东部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="印第安人">印第安人</a>语系。<sup id="cite_ref-Ethnologue_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ethnologue-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%87%E7%BD%97%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="切罗基语">切罗基语</a></li></ul> <ul><li>北易洛魁语族 <ul><li>Lakes Iroquoian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="易洛魁联盟">五大部族</a>语言和Susquehannock <ul><li>塞内卡–奥农达加 <ul><li>塞内卡–卡尤加 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%86%85%E5%8D%A1%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="塞内卡语">塞内卡语</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡尤加语（页面不存在）">卡尤加语</a></li></ul></li> <li>奥农达加 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E5%86%9C%E8%BE%BE%E5%8A%A0%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥农达加语（页面不存在）">奥农达加语</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>莫霍克–奥内达 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E5%86%85%E8%BE%BE%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥内达语（页面不存在）">奥内达语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="莫霍克语">莫霍克语</a></li></ul></li> <li>Susquehannock <ul><li>Susquehannock (已灭绝)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Huronian <ul><li>Wyandot (Huron–Petun) (已灭绝)</li> <li>Neutral (已灭绝)</li> <li>Erie (已滅絕)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Tuscarora–Nottoway <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%96%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%BE%85%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="圖斯卡羅拉語（页面不存在）">圖斯卡羅拉語</a>(Tuscarora) (瀕危)</li> <li>Nottoway (已滅絕)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <p>歸屬未定語言： </p> <ul><li>Laurentian (已滅絕)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理環境"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E7.92.B0.E5.A2.83"></span>地理環境</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：地理環境"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>分佈在易洛魁聯盟領地內中部偏西的位置，主要是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%8C%87%E6%B9%96" title="五指湖">五指湖</a>周邊區域及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E6%B9%96" title="卡尤加湖">卡尤加湖</a>一帶，介於其鄰邦<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%A7%E9%81%94%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧內達加人（页面不存在）">奧內達加人</a>領地以西、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%A7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="塞內卡人">塞內卡人</a>領地以東。該區域的幾個大湖皆為冰河作用所營造出的產物，也因此卡尤加人的生活區域沼澤甚多，這也是他們族名的來源。位於最狹長的卡尤加湖湖畔，地處紐約州的核心位置。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史沿革"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E6.B2.BF.E9.9D.A9"></span>歷史沿革</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：歷史沿革"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡尤加歷史（页面不存在）">卡尤加歷史</a></div> <p>卡尤加人是隸屬於易洛魁聯盟的一員，長期作為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="北美洲">北美洲</a>東北部<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" title="大西洋">大西洋</a>岸的強大勢力。首先與卡尤加人及其他聯盟成員展開接觸的海上強權是抵達<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3" title="圣劳伦斯河">聖羅倫斯河谷地</a>尋找貿易據點並從事傳教的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法國人</a>，接著<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷蘭人</a>也進入該區和易洛魁聯盟交易火藥等物品，後期卡尤加人與<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="十三殖民地">北美十三州</a>之間的政治關係則在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="美國獨立戰爭">美國獨立戰爭</a>期間變得十分複雜、立場也搖擺不定。卡尤加的戰士作為傭兵同時效力於交戰雙方，然而絕大部分的易洛魁聯盟部族是選擇效忠於大英帝國，希望可以藉此扼止不斷向其聯盟領地進行擴張的十三殖民地。 </p><p>西元1779年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E5%86%9B" title="大陆军">大陸軍</a>總司令<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%8D%8E%E7%9B%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="乔治·华盛顿">華盛頓</a>指示<a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Sullivan_(general)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Sullivan (general)（页面不存在）">John Sullivan</a>將軍及<a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Clinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Clinton（页面不存在）">James Clinton</a>將軍進行一場殲滅易洛魁聯盟部落的戰役，進而避免該聯盟持續攻擊紐約並遏止對於大陸軍的威脅。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 該戰役動員了6200個部隊，其後破壞卡尤加人及其餘易洛魁聯盟部族的家園，摧毀了40-50座村落。被破壞的村落還包含卡尤加人的重要據點，如卡尤加堡以及<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chonodote&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chonodote（页面不存在）">Chonodote</a></i>。遠征軍的攻勢一路從春季持續到秋季，同時也摧毀了易洛魁聯盟的作物以及過冬用的穀倉，試圖迫使他們撤離自己的土地。倖存下來的生還者歸入其餘易洛魁部落，另外也有的轉進英屬北美尋求庇護，而他們以宣示效忠不列顛王室的代價獲得了新的土地。戰爭結束後，美國境內的卡尤加人是唯一一支沒有殘存的長屋民族。 </p><p>一些塞內卡人及卡尤加人在稍早就已經離開該區域前往<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E4%BA%A5%E4%BF%84%E5%B7%9E" title="俄亥俄州">俄亥俄州</a>，而在蘇利文遠征後也有更多族人加入他們的行列，如同其他易洛魁聯盟的族人也在獨立戰爭尾聲的前夕撤離紐約。西元1831年，當時撤離的族人為了進入印第安領地而再次遷離俄亥俄州，也就是後來的奧克拉荷馬州。奧克拉荷馬州的塞內卡-卡尤加部落也就此成為聯邦識別完成的部落。 </p><p>西元1794年，11月11日，卡尤加人與美利堅政府簽訂了條約，放棄了他們位於紐約州的大片土地，其後不列顛政府也和他們簽訂了相似的條約。這是美利堅政府所簽訂的第二個條約，象徵著長屋民族作為獨立國家所存在的權利。按照這份合法的文件，美利堅政府每年都會贈送棉花及織物等必需品給卡尤加人作為禮物。 </p><p>紐約州政府亦簽訂了外加的條約，可惜礙於議會的阻撓而功敗垂成。20實際開始，卡尤加人開始向紐約州及聯邦政府爭取自己過去擁有但丟失的土地，然而州政府當局對於他們的抗爭毫無作為。後來，州政府開始頻繁的以極低價格售出超過5 × 10<sup>6</sup>英畝（20,000平方公里）的土地，以此做為補償易洛魁人的方法，並鼓勵該區域的振興與發展。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="社會、家庭與婚姻"><span id=".E7.A4.BE.E6.9C.83.E3.80.81.E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD.E8.88.87.E5.A9.9A.E5.A7.BB"></span>社會、家庭與婚姻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：社會、家庭與婚姻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卡尤加人如同其他易洛魁聯盟的部族，都是行母系繼嗣的母系社會型態。作為其社會特徵，大約1500人居住於百餘間長屋之中，再由數個長屋構成一個部落。每間長屋之中的家庭，或多或少都具有親緣關係，因此一間長屋往往共居著一個氏族。卡尤加人的土地繼承以及財產繼承權皆歸女性所有；在部落中，女性實質擁有的權威也大過於男性。其政治體制以地區議事會為尊，由8個族外婚氏族的代表所組成，負責指導各村村長。而每一個氏族又分為兩個半偶族，大體上負責葬儀及狩獵儀式的工作。與周圍的鄰邦同屬於易洛魁型<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E5%B1%AC" title="親屬">親屬</a>關係，又稱為<b>二分合併型親屬關係</b>，對父親和父親兄弟的稱呼一致、對母親和母親姐妹的稱謂亦同；相反的，父親姐妹和母親兄弟則各有各自的稱呼方式。這種親屬稱謂模式側重在區分平表及交表。在此體制下，交表的重要性不及平表。因此在同輩之中，兄弟、姐妹、平表的稱謂是相同的。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Graphic of the Iroquois kinship system"><img alt="Graphic of the Iroquois kinship system" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg/700px-Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg/1050px-Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg/1400px-Iriquois-kinship-chart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Graphic of the Iroquois kinship system</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="產業與生活"><span id=".E7.94.A2.E6.A5.AD.E8.88.87.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.BB"></span>產業與生活</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：產業與生活"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卡尤加人已進入定居社會的型態，採集狩獵的同時，兼營穀物的栽種以豐富飲食型態。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="經濟生活"><span id=".E7.B6.93.E6.BF.9F.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.BB"></span>經濟生活</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：經濟生活"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卡尤加人的社會分工十分顯著。男人負責獵捕本地區豐富的獵物、水禽、魚類，並對外爭戰以及與外族進行貿易；女人則種植玉蜀黍、豆子等作物，同時亦以精巧的紡織以及製陶工藝著稱。子女的教育多半是由女性負責，一家之主也多半是由女性出任。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="信仰與節日"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E4.BB.B0.E8.88.87.E7.AF.80.E6.97.A5"></span>信仰與節日</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：信仰與節日"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卡尤加人和鄰邦易洛魁諸族的宇宙觀複雜且相似。創世神話都是有關於一位從天洞跌落的女神，此一神話的特色在於全球共通的大洪水傳說及天上降落者為主軸。在其信仰中有6個主要的農業節慶，冗長而繁複的祈求禱告為儀式的特色。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="藝術與文學"><span id=".E8.97.9D.E8.A1.93.E8.88.87.E6.96.87.E5.AD.B8"></span>藝術與文學</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：藝術與文學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卡尤加人善於製作精緻的編織品，色彩鮮豔華麗；在薩滿信仰中，常見的面具也是其藝術工藝的展現，造型誇張、顏色顯眼，迄今仍有少數族人流傳著該門技術。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="現況"><span id=".E7.8F.BE.E6.B3.81"></span>現況</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：現況"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>20世紀以降，民族自決的思潮席捲全球，卡尤加人也開始爭取祖先失去的土地。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著名人士"><span id=".E8.91.97.E5.90.8D.E4.BA.BA.E5.A3.AB"></span>著名人士</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：著名人士"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蓋瑞‧法爾曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gary Farmer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%93%8B%E7%91%9E%E2%80%A7%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蓋瑞‧法爾曼（页面不存在）">蓋瑞‧法爾曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Farmer" class="extiw" title="en:Gary Farmer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gary Farmer</span></a></span>）</span></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考書目"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>參考書目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：參考書目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oia-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oia_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ok.gov/oiac/Publications/">"Pocket Pictorial."</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100406044653/http://www.ok.gov/oiac/Publications/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <i>Oklahoma Indian Affairs Commission.</i> 2010: 33. (retrieved 10 Jan 2011)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ethnologue-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ethnologue_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703092117/http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/iroquoian-0">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-06-08</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/iroquoian-0">原始内容</a>存档于2015-07-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethnologue.com%2Fsubgroups%2Firoquoian-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emerson Klees. <i>Persons,Places, and Things around the Finger Lakes Region</i>. Rochester, Finger Lakes Publishing, 1994. Page 10.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061116080603/http://tuscaroras.com/cayuganation/">Cayuga Nation</a></li> <li>Dr. Bob Spigelman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sullivanclinton.com">"How the Sullivan-Clinton Campaign Dispossessed the Cayuga"</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130117135122/http://www.sullivanclinton.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, <i>Sullivan-Clinton Campaign: Then and Now</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%A4%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%B4%9B%E9%AD%81%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="易洛魁聯盟">易洛魁聯盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91" title="美洲原住民">美洲原住民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="第一民族">第一民族</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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