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vertical-align: middle;" id="bksicon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/38px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/50px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340"></span></span> </div> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div role="navigation"> Dieser Artikel behandelt die Stadt Izmir. Zur gleichnamigen Provinz siehe <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir_(Provinz)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izmir (Provinz)">Izmir (Provinz)</a>. </div> </div> </div> <p><b>Izmir</b>, früher <b>Smyrna</b> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkische Sprache">türkisch</a></span> <span lang="tr-Latn" style="font-style:italic"><i>İzmir</i></span>, <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neugriechische_Sprache?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neugriechische Sprache">griechisch</a></span> <span lang="el-Grek" class="Grek" style="font-style:normal">Σμύρνη</span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r183723573">.mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}</style><span class="Latn" lang="el-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Smýrni</span>, <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altgriechische_Sprache?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altgriechische Sprache">altgriechisch</a></span> <span lang="grc-Grek" class="Grek" style="font-style:normal">Σμύρνα</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573"><span class="Latn" lang="grc-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Smýrna</span>), ist mit rund 4,5 Millionen Einwohnern die drittgrößte Stadt der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkei">Türkei</a> und Hauptstadt der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir_(Provinz)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izmir (Provinz)">Provinz gleichen Namens</a>. An der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%84g%C3%A4is?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ägäis">Ägäisküste</a> am <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Golf_von_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Golf von Izmir">Golf von Izmir</a> gelegen, beherbergt sie den nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istanbul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a> zweitgrößten Hafen des Landes. Nach einer Gebietsreform ist Izmir eine Großstadtkommune (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belediye?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belediye">Büyükşehir belediyesi</a>) und damit flächen- und einwohnermäßig identisch mit der Provinz.</p> <table class="wikitable float-right infobox" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Ort_in_der_Türkei" summary="Infobox Ort in der Türkei" style="margin-top:0; width:308px;"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#FFE4C4; color:#202122; border-bottom:3px solid gray; font-size:120%;">Izmir</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="center hintergrundfarbe2"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 50%; padding:2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen fehlt"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/70px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/105px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/140px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150"></a></span><br><small><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Wappen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Wappen">Hilfe zu Wappen</a></small></td> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table class="centered" style="background-color: var(--dewiki-hintergrundfarbe1);; color: var(--color-base, #202122); border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 1px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0; text-align: center;"> <div style="position: relative; z-index: 0; padding: 0; display: inline-block; width: -webkit-max-content; width: -moz-max-content; width: max-content; vertical-align: top; margin:0px; border: 1px solid #c8ccd1;"> <figure class="mw-halign-center noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Turkey_adm_location_map.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Izmir (Türkei)"><img alt="Izmir (Türkei)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/155px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="155" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/233px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Turkey_adm_location_map.svg/310px-Turkey_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1578" data-file-height="721"></a> <figcaption> Izmir (Türkei) </figcaption> </figure> <div style="position:absolute; top:58.3%; left:8.9%; height:0; width:0;"> <div style="position:relative;z-index:100;left:-4px;top:-4px;width:8px;height:8px;line-height:0px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DIzmir%26language%3Dde%26params%3D38.416666666667_N_27.15_E_dim:10000_region:TR-35_type:city(4479525)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></a></span> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:3.5px;border-top:solid 1px #bbb;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg/280px-Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg/420px-Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg/560px-Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4068" data-file-height="2019"></a></span><br><small>Wolkenkratzer im Stadtteil <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bayrakl%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bayraklı">Bayraklı</a></small></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#FFE4C4; color:202122;">Basisdaten</th> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_der_Provinzen_der_T%C3%BCrkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste der Provinzen der Türkei">Provinz <i>(il)</i></a>:</td> <td><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir_(Provinz)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izmir (Provinz)">Izmir</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geographische_Koordinaten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geographische Koordinaten">Koordinaten</a>:</td> <td><span id="text_coordinates" class="coordinates plainlinks-print"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DIzmir%26language%3Dde%26params%3D38.416666666667_N_27.15_E_dim:10000_region:TR-35_type:city(4479525)"><span title="Breitengrad">38° 25′ <abbr title="Nord">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Längengrad">27° 9′ <abbr title="Ost">O</abbr></span></a></span><span class="geo noexcerpt" style="display:none"><span class="body"></span><span class="latitude">38.416666666667</span><span class="longitude">27.15</span><span class="elevation">25</span></span><span id="coordinates" class="coordinates noprint"><span title="Koordinatensystem WGS84">Koordinaten: </span><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DIzmir%26language%3Dde%26params%3D38.416666666667_N_27.15_E_dim:10000_region:TR-35_type:city(4479525)"><span title="Breitengrad">38° 25′ 0″ <abbr title="Nord">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Längengrad">27° 9′ 0″ <abbr title="Ost">O</abbr></span></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%B6he_%C3%BCber_dem_Meeresspiegel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Höhe über dem Meeresspiegel">Höhe</a>:</td> <td><span style="border-width:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px;">25 <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%B6he_%C3%BCber_dem_Meeresspiegel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Höhe über dem Meeresspiegel">m</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Einwohnerzahl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Einwohnerzahl">Einwohner</a>:</td> <td>4.479.525<sup id="cite_ref-Infobox_Ort_in_der_Türkei.EinwohnerOrt_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Infobox_Ort_in_der_T%C3%BCrkei.EinwohnerOrt-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <small><i>(2023)</i></small></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telefonvorwahl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telefonvorwahl">Telefonvorwahl</a>:</td> <td><small>(+90)</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Postleitzahl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Postleitzahl">Postleitzahl</a>:</td> <td>35 000</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kfz-Kennzeichen_(T%C3%BCrkei)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kfz-Kennzeichen (Türkei)">Kfz-Kennzeichen</a>:</td> <td>35</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#FFE4C4; color:#202122;">Struktur und Verwaltung <small><i>(Stand: 2024)</i></small></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ortsteil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ortsteil">Gliederung</a>:</td> <td>30 <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0l%C3%A7e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İlçe">İlçe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5">Bürgermeister (Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı):</td> <td>Cemil Tugay <i>(<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cumhuriyet_Halk_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi">CHP</a>)</i></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5">Website:</td> <td> <div style="overflow: hidden;"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.izmir.bel.tr/">www.izmir.bel.tr</a> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="display:none"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Vorlage:Infobox_Ort_in_der_T%C3%BCrkei/Wartung/LandkreisOhneEinwohnerOderFl%C3%A4che&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Vorlage:Infobox Ort in der Türkei/Wartung/LandkreisOhneEinwohnerOderFläche (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Vorlage:Infobox Ort in der Türkei/Wartung/LandkreisOhneEinwohnerOderFläche</a> </div> <p>Erste Siedlungen auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Izmir datieren ca. 6500–4000 v. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das Gebiet wurde von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luwier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luwier">Luwiern</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hethiter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hethiter">Hethitern</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Phryger?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phryger">Phrygern</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antikes_Griechenland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antikes Griechenland">Griechen</a> erobert bzw. besiedelt.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Name"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Name</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geschichte"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geschichte</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vorgeschichte"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Vorgeschichte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Antike"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Antike</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sp%C3%A4tantike_%E2%80%93_Byzanz"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Spätantike – Byzanz</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Osmanisches_Reich"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Osmanisches Reich</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Massaker_1919_und_1922"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Massaker 1919 und 1922</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sepe%C4%8Dides-Roma"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Sepečides-Roma</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Modernes_Izmir"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Modernes Izmir</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Verkehr"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Verkehr</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Stra%C3%9Fenverkehr"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Straßenverkehr</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Metro"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Metro</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#S-Bahn"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">S-Bahn</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Stra%C3%9Fenbahn"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Straßenbahn</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Schienen-Fernverkehr"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">Schienen-Fernverkehr</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hafen"><span class="tocnumber">5.6</span> <span class="toctext">Hafen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Flughafen"><span class="tocnumber">5.7</span> <span class="toctext">Flughafen</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bildungseinrichtungen"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Bildungseinrichtungen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politik"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Politik</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Stadtrat"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Stadtrat</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Klima"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Klima</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geologie"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Geologie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Medien"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Medien</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Panorama"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Panorama</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sport"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Sport</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tourismus"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Tourismus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sehensw%C3%BCrdigkeiten"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">Sehenswürdigkeiten</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pers%C3%B6nlichkeiten"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Persönlichkeiten</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#St%C3%A4dtepartnerschaften"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">Städtepartnerschaften</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Literatur"><span class="tocnumber">17</span> <span class="toctext">Literatur</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Weblinks"><span class="tocnumber">18</span> <span class="toctext">Weblinks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Einzelnachweise"><span class="tocnumber">19</span> <span class="toctext">Einzelnachweise</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Name" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Map_of_Izmir.PNG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Izmir.PNG/220px-Map_of_Izmir.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="875"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 107px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Izmir.PNG/220px-Map_of_Izmir.PNG" data-width="220" data-height="107" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Izmir.PNG/330px-Map_of_Izmir.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Izmir.PNG/440px-Map_of_Izmir.PNG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Übersichtskarte von Izmir </figcaption> </figure> <p>Die Herkunft des Namens <i>Smyrna</i> ist umstritten:</p> <ul> <li>Traditionell wurde er auf die griechische Bezeichnung für <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Myrrhe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Myrrhe">Myrrhe</a> zurückgeführt.</li> <li>Einigen antiken Autoren gemäß wurde die Stadt nach einer <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amazonen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amazonen">Amazone</a> gleichen Namens benannt.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Laut aktuellen Ausgrabungen hieß die Stadt ursprünglich <i>Tismurna</i>, wobei das <i>Ti</i>-Präfix vermutlich eine Person bezeichnet. Die Stadt wurde in assyrischen Schriften mit diesem Namen erwähnt.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> <p>Der heutige türkische Name <i>İzmir</i> leitet sich wohl aus dem griechischen <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altgriechische_Sprache?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altgriechische Sprache">altgriechisch</a></span> <span lang="grc-Grek" class="Grek" style="font-style:normal">εἰς Σμύρνα</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573"><span class="Latn" lang="grc-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">is Smyrna</span>, deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚nach Smyrna‘</span> ab, analog zum Namen <i>İstanbul</i>, der auf griechisch <span lang="grc-Grek" class="Grek">εἰς τῆν (Κωνσταντινου)πόλιν</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573"><span class="Latn" lang="grc-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">is tin pólin</span> [<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r227981795">.mw-parser-output .IPA a{text-decoration:none}</style><span class="navigation-not-searchable"><span class="IPA"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_der_IPA-Zeichen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste der IPA-Zeichen"><span title="Aussprache im Internationalen Phonetischen Alphabet (IPA)" lang="zxx">istimˈbɔlin</span></a></span></span>], deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚in Die Stadt (Konstantins)‘</span> zurückgeht.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geschichte" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Izmir023.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Izmir023.jpg/170px-Izmir023.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 227px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Izmir023.jpg/170px-Izmir023.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="227" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Izmir023.jpg/255px-Izmir023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Izmir023.jpg/340px-Izmir023.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Die antike Agora von Smyrna: Blick auf die Säulen der westlichen Stoa </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Vorgeschichte">Vorgeschichte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Vorgeschichte" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Die Stadt ist eine der ältesten Siedlungen des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mittelmeerraum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mittelmeerraum">Mittelmeerraums</a>. Die Entdeckung von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filova_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yeşilova Höyük">Yeşilova Höyük</a> und dem benachbarten <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Yass%C4%B1tepe&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Yassıtepe (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Yassıtepe</a> in der heutigen Bornova-Ebene, hat das Anfangsdatum der Vergangenheit der Stadt weiter zurückversetzt als bisher angenommen. Funde aus zwei Ausgrabungssaisons, die im Yeşilova Höyük von einem Team von Archäologen der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ege_%C3%9Cniversitesi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ege Üniversitesi">Ege Üniversitesi</a> von Izmir durchgeführt wurden, zeigten drei Kulturebenen, von denen zwei prähistorisch sind. Level 2 trägt Spuren der frühen bis mittleren <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kupfersteinzeit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kupfersteinzeit">Kupfersteinzeit</a> und Level 3 von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jungsteinzeit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jungsteinzeit">neolithischen</a> Siedlungen. Diese beiden Ebenen waren zwischen dem 7. und 4. Jahrtausend v. Chr. bewohnt. Später ab der Kupfersteinzeit wurde Yeşilova als Friedhof genutzt. Mehrere Gräber mit Artefakten, die ungefähr aus dem Jahr 3000 v. Chr. stammen und zeitgleich mit der ersten Stadt Troja sind, wurden gefunden.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Antike">Antike</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Antike" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Eine vorgriechische Besiedlung auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Stadtteils und des Landkreises <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bayrakl%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bayraklı">Bayraklı</a> lässt sich bereits für das 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. nachweisen. Ende des 9. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. legten hier <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aioler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aioler">aiolische</a> Griechen an einem Ort, der heute als <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alt-Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alt-Smyrna">Alt-Smyrna</a> bezeichnet wird, eine befestigte Niederlassung an. Im 8. Jahrhundert v. Chr. wurde diese von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ionier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ionier">ionischen</a> Griechen aus <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kolophon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kolophon">Kolophon</a> übernommen und zur Polis ausgebaut. Zu einer ersten Blüte gelangte (Alt-)Smyrna, das als eine der Wirkungsstätten des Dichters <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Homer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Homer">Homer</a> gilt, im 8.–7. Jahrhundert v. Chr.</p> <p>Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lydien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lydien">lydische</a> König <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alyattes_II.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alyattes II.">Alyattes</a> zerstörte (Alt-)Smyrna um 600 v. Chr. In den folgenden drei Jahrhunderten befand sich hier nur eine unbedeutende Ansiedlung. Erst Ende des 4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. kam es zu einer Neugründung Smyrnas, als <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antigonos_I._Monophthalmos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antigonos I. Monophthalmos">Antigonos I. Monophthalmos</a> 20 <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alte_Ma%C3%9Fe_und_Gewichte_(Antike)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alte Maße und Gewichte (Antike)">Stadien</a> (3,5 km) südwestlich der alten Stadt um den Akropolisberg Pagos (dem heutigen Kadifekale) eine neue Siedlung (auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Stadtkerns von Izmir) anlegte, die bald darauf erneut den Status einer Polis erlangte. Der von Antigonos angelegte Hafen legte den Grundstein für Smyrnas Entwicklung zu einer der reichsten Handelsstädte Asiens. Smyrna wurde als 13. Mitglied in den <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ionischer_Bund?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ionischer Bund">Ionischen Bund</a> aufgenommen und erhielt bald den Beinamen „Zierde von Ionien“. Im Krieg gegen <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiochos_III.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiochos III.">Antiochos III.</a> stand Smyrna auf Seiten des Siegers, Rom, das der Stadt 189 v. Chr. Land zuteilte. Während des italischen <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bundesgenossenkrieg_(Rom)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bundesgenossenkrieg (Rom)">Bundesgenossenkrieges</a> stellte die Stadt ein Flottenkontingent zur Unterstützung der Römer; auch in den <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mithridatische_Kriege?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mithridatische Kriege">mithridatischen Kriegen</a> verhielt sie sich römertreu.</p> <p>Im Jahr 43 v. Chr. beherbergte die Stadt <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaius_Trebonius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaius Trebonius">Gaius Trebonius</a>, einen der Mörder von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julius_Caesar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>. Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%B6misches_Reich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Römisches Reich">römische</a> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consulat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulat">Konsul</a> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Dolabella_(Konsul_44_v._Chr.)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Publius Cornelius Dolabella (Konsul 44 v. Chr.)">Publius Cornelius Dolabella</a> eroberte Smyrna, ließ Trebonius töten und einige Stadtviertel zerstören. Als Erdbeben in den Jahren 178 und 180 n. Chr. die Stadt stark beschädigt hatten, erwirkte der griechische Redner <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aelius_Aristides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aelius Aristides">Aelius Aristides</a> bei Kaiser <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> deren Wiederaufbau und erhielt dafür zahlreiche Ehrungen.</p> <p><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cassius_Dio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cassius Dio">Cassius Dio</a> war zeitweilig römischer <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Curator?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Curator">Curator</a> (Aufseher über die Stadtverwaltung) von Smyrna.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Spätantike_–_Byzanz"><span id="Sp.C3.A4tantike_.E2.80.93_Byzanz"></span>Spätantike – Byzanz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Spätantike – Byzanz" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Smyrna war ein wichtiges Zentrum der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christentum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christentum">christlichen</a> Welt. Schon früh etablierte sich eine christliche <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kirchengemeinde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kirchengemeinde">Gemeinde</a>. Diese Gemeinde ist eine der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sieben_Sendschreiben?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sieben Sendschreiben">sieben Gemeinden</a> der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Offenbarung_des_Johannes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Offenbarung des Johannes">Offenbarung des Johannes</a>. Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neues_Testament?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neues Testament">biblische</a> Verfasser der Offenbarung des Johannes schreibt dazu:</p> <div class="Vorlage_Zitat" style="margin:1em 40px;"> <div style="margin:1em 0;"> <blockquote style="margin:0;"> <p>„<i>An den Engel der Gemeinde in Smyrna schreibe: So spricht Er, der Erste und der Letzte, der tot war und wieder lebendig wurde: Ich kenne deine Bedrängnis und deine Armut; und doch bist du reich. Und ich weiß, dass du von solchen geschmäht wirst, die sich als Juden ausgeben; sie sind es aber nicht, sondern sind eine Synagoge des Satans.</i> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Offenbarung_des_Johannes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Offenbarung des Johannes">Offb</a> 2,8–9)“</p> </blockquote> </div> </div> <p>Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kirchenvater?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kirchenvater">Kirchenvater</a> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polykarp_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polykarp von Smyrna">Polykarp von Smyrna</a>, Verfasser eines <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brief_des_Polykarp_an_die_Philipper?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brief des Polykarp an die Philipper">Briefes an die Philipper</a>, war im <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2._Jahrhundert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2. Jahrhundert">2. Jahrhundert</a> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bischof?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bischof">Bischof</a> von Smyrna. Auch <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ignatius_von_Antiochien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ignatius von Antiochien">Ignatius von Antiochien</a> hielt sich in Smyrna auf und soll dort vier der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ignatiusbriefe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ignatiusbriefe">Ignatiusbriefe</a> verfasst haben. Nachdem der Hafen von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ephesos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ephesos">Ephesos</a> versandete, wuchs die Bedeutung Smyrnas als Hafenstadt.</p> <p>Smyrna gehörte ab 395 zum <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Byzantinisches_Reich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Byzantinisches Reich">Byzantinischen Reich</a> und war als Handelsplatz und Flottenstützpunkt wichtig. 654 n. Chr. wurde die Stadt von den <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Araber?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Araber">Arabern</a> angegriffen, 672/673 zeitweilig von ihnen besetzt. 1076 eroberten die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seldschuken?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seldschuken">Seldschuken</a> unter Sultan <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suleiman_ibn_Kutalmi%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suleiman ibn Kutalmiş">Suleiman ibn Kutalmiş</a> die Stadt. Der Pirat und Untergebene der Seldschuken <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%87aka_Bey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Çaka Bey">Çaka Bey</a> herrschte dann ab 1081 über Smyrna und eroberte von hier aus weitere Gebiete und Inseln. Als er 1092 von seinem Schwiegersohn und Nachfolger Suleimans, Sultan <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7_Arslan_I.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kılıç Arslan I.">Kılıç Arslan I.</a>, getötet wurde, holten sich die Byzantiner unter Kaiser <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexios_I._(Byzanz)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexios I. (Byzanz)">Alexios I.</a> Smyrna zurück. Mit dem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abkommen_von_Nymphaion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abkommen von Nymphaion">Abkommen von Nymphaion</a> erhielt die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Genua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republik Genua">Republik Genua</a> unter anderem Handelsprivilegien in der Stadt, weil sie Byzanz bei der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%BCckeroberung_von_Konstantinopel_1261?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rückeroberung von Konstantinopel 1261">Rückeroberung Konstantinopels</a> geholfen hatte. So kam Smyrna unter die Kontrolle der genuesischen Handelsfamilie Zaccaria. Die italienischen Händler aus Genua und Venedig siedelten sich vorzugsweise im <i>Fränkischen</i> Viertel Smyrnas an. 1317 griff Mehmed, der Bey der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beylik_von_Ayd%C4%B1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beylik von Aydın">Aydınoğulları</a>, Smyrna an und konnte den landeinwärts gelegenen Burghügel (<i>Pagos</i>, die hellenistische Akropolis, heute <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kadifekale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kadifekale">Kadifekale</a> genannt) einnehmen. Die untere Stadt mit dem Hafen und der dortigen neuen Festung blieb aber zunächst in genuesischer Hand. Seit dieser Zeit prägte sich bei den Türken für den Hafen und Umgebung der Begriff <i>Gâvur İzmir</i> (Ungläubiges Izmir).</p> <p>Mehmeds Sohn <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umur_Bey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umur Bey">Umur</a> eroberte schließlich 1329 auch den Hafen. Unter Umurs Herrschaft stieg das Beylik Aydın schnell zur Seemacht auf; Smyrna wurde neben <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ephesos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ephesos">Ephesos</a>-Panormos zum Hauptstützpunkt der türkischen Flotte. Schiffe unter der Flagge Aydıns betrieben <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piraterie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piraterie">Piraterie</a> im gesamten östlichen Mittelmeer und führten Plünderungszüge auf der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Morea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Morea">Morea</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eub%C3%B6a?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Euböa">Negroponte</a> durch. Die Türken griffen lediglich <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lateiner_(Mittelalter)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lateiner (Mittelalter)">lateinische</a> (d. h. katholische) Besitzungen an, da Umur 1335 mit dem byzantinischen Regenten <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johannes_VI._(Byzanz)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johannes VI. (Byzanz)">Johannes Kantakuzenos</a> ein Bündnis geschlossen hatte.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Die Herrschaft Aydıns war aber nicht von Dauer, denn – ausgelöst durch die Piraterie – griff Ende 1344 eine <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kreuzzug_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kreuzzug von Smyrna">Kreuzzugsliga</a> unter Führung des Papsttums die Stadt an und eroberte den Hafen. Die Kämpfe zogen sich bis 1348 hin, als Umur getötet wurde. Die obere Burg hingegen blieb in der Hand der Türken. Die Aydınoğulları mussten sich 1390 den Osmanen unterwerfen; während der Hafen weiterhin von den Rittern des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geschichte_des_Johanniterordens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Rhodos" title="Geschichte des Johanniterordens">Johanniterordens zu Rhodos</a> kontrolliert wurde.</p> <p>Im Jahr 1402 wurden die Osmanen unter Sultan <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bayezid_I.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bayezid I.">Bayezid I.</a> in der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schlacht_bei_Ankara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schlacht bei Ankara">Schlacht bei Ankara</a> vernichtend von den mongolisch-türkischen Truppen <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Timur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Timur">Timurs</a> besiegt. Die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Timuriden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Timuriden">Timuriden</a> standen Ende des Jahres vor Smyrna. Die christliche Garnison, etwa zweihundert Ritter unter dem Kommando des aragonesischen Johanniters <i>Íñigo de Alfaro</i>, lehnte eine Kapitulation ab. Die Timuriden griffen daraufhin mit Belagerungsmaschinen an, untertunnelten die Mauern, blockierten die Hafeneinfahrt und stürmten nach immerhin fünfzehn Tagen Widerstand die Stadt. Die Einwohner wurden massakriert und die Stadt zerstört.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Laut dem Historiker <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dukas_(Historiker)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dukas (Historiker)">Dukas</a> soll Timur die Schädel der Getöteten mit Mörtel in die Mauern einfügen haben lassen. Die unruhigen Zeiten gingen erst 1422 mit dem osmanischen Sultan <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Murad_II.?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Murad II.">Murad II.</a> zu Ende. Smyrna wurde wiederaufgebaut, allerdings 1472 von den Venezianern besetzt und erneut niedergebrannt.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Von diesem Zeitpunkt an blieb die Stadt bis ins 20. Jahrhundert osmanischer Besitz.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Osmanisches_Reich">Osmanisches Reich</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Osmanisches Reich" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/220px-Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="310" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="825"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 310px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/220px-Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="310" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/330px-Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg/440px-Izmir_by_Piri_Reis.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Karte Izmirs von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Piri_Reis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Piri Reis">Piri Reis</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Konak_Square,_Izmir.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg/220px-Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1728"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg/220px-Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg/330px-Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg/440px-Konak_Square%2C_Izmir.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Gouverneursamt von Izmir, errichtet 1867 </figcaption> </figure> <p>Smyrna war in der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seldschuken?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seldschuken">Seldschuken</a>-Zeit und im Osmanischen Reich der wichtigste Handelsplatz <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kleinasien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kleinasien">Kleinasiens</a>. Im 16. Jahrhundert hatte die Stadt eine überwiegend muslimische Bevölkerung. Das änderte sich im 17. Jahrhundert. Neben den alteingesessenen Griechen und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Juden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkische Juden">Juden</a>, die nach der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vertreibung_der_Juden_aus_Spanien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertreibung der Juden aus Spanien">Vertreibung der Juden aus Spanien</a> 1492 hierher gelangt waren, kamen ab 1605 vermehrt <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenier">Armenier</a> nach Smyrna. Die Armenier kontrollierten den Handel mit Waren und Produkten aus dem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Iran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Iran">Iran</a>. So wurde iranische Seide über Izmir nach ganz Europa verkauft. Die Armenier hatten in Städten wie <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marseille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livorno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Livorno">Livorno</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amsterdam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> Handelskolonien, die alle Smyrna unterstanden. Mit der Zeit kamen auch Armenier aus <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiflis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiflis">Tiflis</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nax%C3%A7%C4%B1van_(Stadt)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naxçıvan (Stadt)">Naxçıvan</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Culfa_(Stadt)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Culfa (Stadt)">Culfa</a> in die Stadt. Die Bevölkerungsgruppen bewohnten nach ihrem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Millet-System?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Millet-System">Millet</a> (Nation) jeweils eigene Stadtviertel. So lebten die muslimischen Türken im alten Stadtzentrum Kadifekale, die Juden in Güzelyalı und İkiçeşmelik, die Armenier im Haynots-Viertel, die Griechen zwischen İtfaiye und Alsancak (Mortakiya) und die restlichen Europäer (<i>Franken</i> oder auch <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levantiner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levantiner">Levantiner</a>) in Bornova, Buca und Seydiköy.</p> <p>Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levante?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levante">Levantehandel</a> und die in der Stadt verkehrenden unterschiedlichen Völkerschaften verliehen der Stadt ein besonderes Flair, von dem auch <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mark_Twain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a>, der 1867 hier durchkam, angetan war. Smyrna war ein Zentrum des Teppichhandels, siehe <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Smyrnateppich?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Smyrnateppich">Smyrnateppich</a>. Im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert ging von hier mindestens einmal jährlich der Smyrna-Konvoi des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Directie_van_de_Levantse_handel_en_de_Navigatie_op_de_Middellandse_Zee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Directie van de Levantse handel en de Navigatie op de Middellandse Zee">niederländischen Levante-Direktoriums</a> ab, ein mitunter von Kriegsschiffen bewachter Geleitzug aus zahlreichen Handelsfahrern.</p> <p>1828 eröffnete <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstantin_Fotinow?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstantin Fotinow">Konstantin Fotinow</a> hier die erste weltliche bulgarische Schule. 1860 eröffnete die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ottoman_Railway_Company?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ottoman Railway Company">Ottoman Railway Company</a> von Izmir ausgehend die erste <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eisenbahn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eisenbahn">Eisenbahnstrecke</a> im asiatischen Teil des Osmanischen Reiches.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1863 wurde eine <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahnstrecke_Izmir%E2%80%93Afyonkarahisar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahnstrecke Izmir–Afyonkarahisar">Bahnstrecke nach Afyonkarahisar</a> begonnen; sie wurde 1890 fertig.</p> <p>Smyrna war Sitz des Generalgouverneurs des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vil%C3%A2yet_Ayd%C4%B1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vilâyet Aydın">Vilâyet Aydın</a>, eines <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metropolit">Metropoliten</a> sowie je eines katholischen, griechischen und armenischen Erzbischofs. Der kosmopolitische Charakter zeigte sich Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts auch im Vorhandensein von 35 Buchverlagen, 30 Casinos, 57 Hotels, 150 Schulen, 81 Apotheken, 15 Krankenhäusern und 269 Kneipen (Meyhane). Es erschienen insgesamt 11 Zeitungen (3 türkische, 3 griechische, 4 französische, 1 spanische) und zwei Magazine (griechisch, armenisch).</p> <p>Die osmanische Politik gegenüber Smyrna änderte sich 1909 mit der Machtübernahme der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jungt%C3%BCrken?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jungtürken">Jungtürken</a> und des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Komitee_f%C3%BCr_Einheit_und_Fortschritt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Komitee für Einheit und Fortschritt">Komitees für Einheit und Fortschritt</a>. Diese strebten unter anderem eine Türkifizierung der Ägäis und des Handels an und vertrieben über die Jahre hinweg mit unterschiedlichen Methoden und Maßnahmen mehrere hunderttausend Griechen. Diese wanderten entweder nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Griechenland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Griechenland">Griechenland</a> aus oder wurden ins Innere Anatoliens deportiert. Ein Teil der armenischen Bevölkerung wurde im Zuge <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C3%B6lkermord_an_den_Armeniern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Völkermord an den Armeniern">des Völkermordes</a> 1915 deportiert und getötet.</p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:The_Wallace_Collection_(40052987752).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Festung „San Pietro“ wurde vermutlich von den Byzantinern erbaut und 1871 abgerissen (1847)[10]"> <noscript> <img alt="Festung „San Pietro“ wurde vermutlich von den Byzantinern erbaut und 1871 abgerissen (1847)[10]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg/120px-The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1368"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 80px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg/120px-The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg" data-alt="Festung „San Pietro“ wurde vermutlich von den Byzantinern erbaut und 1871 abgerissen (1847)[10]" data-width="120" data-height="80" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg/180px-The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg/240px-The_Wallace_Collection_%2840052987752%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Festung „San Pietro“ wurde vermutlich von den Byzantinern erbaut und 1871 abgerissen (1847)<sup id="cite_ref-ss18S254_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ss18S254-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Blick auf Izmir und den Hafen (1862)"> <noscript> <img alt="Blick auf Izmir und den Hafen (1862)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg/120px-%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1640" data-file-height="1329"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 97px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg/120px-%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg" data-alt="Blick auf Izmir und den Hafen (1862)" data-width="120" data-height="97" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg/180px-%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg/240px-%C4%B0zmir_18_May_1862.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Blick auf Izmir und den Hafen (1862) </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Smyrna,_from_the_City_Flags_series_(N6)_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Die vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert verwendete Handelsflagge von Izmir, abgebildet auf einem Zigarettenbild (1887)[11]"> <noscript> <img alt="Die vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert verwendete Handelsflagge von Izmir, abgebildet auf einem Zigarettenbild (1887)[11]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg/68px-Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1634" data-file-height="2882"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 68px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg/68px-Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg" data-alt="Die vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert verwendete Handelsflagge von Izmir, abgebildet auf einem Zigarettenbild (1887)[11]" data-width="68" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg/102px-Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg/136px-Smyrna%2C_from_the_City_Flags_series_%28N6%29_for_Allen_%26_Ginter_Cigarettes_Brands_MET_DP829236.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Die vom 17. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert verwendete <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Handelsflagge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Handelsflagge">Handelsflagge</a> von Izmir, abgebildet auf einem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zigarettenbild?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zigarettenbild">Zigarettenbild</a> (1887)<sup id="cite_ref-möa.i’t_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-m%C3%B6a.i%E2%80%99t-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Massaker_1919_und_1922">Massaker 1919 und 1922</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Massaker 1919 und 1922" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg/220px-Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="923"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 148px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg/220px-Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="148" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg/330px-Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg/440px-Greek_army_Smyrne_1919.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Griechische Truppen in Smyrna, 2. Mai 1919 </figcaption> </figure> <p>Die Stadt Smyrna war kurz vor dem Ausbruch des Krieges zur Hälfte von Muslimen und zu 40 % von Griechen bewohnt. Die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Levantiner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Levantiner">Levantiner</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Armenier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Armenier">Armenier</a> bildeten mit 6 % bzw. 4 % kleinere Gruppierungen.</p> <p>Am 15. Mai 1919 besetzten <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Griechische_Streitkr%C3%A4fte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Griechische Streitkräfte">griechische Truppen</a> nach der osmanischen Niederlage im Ersten Weltkrieg <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Besetzung_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Besetzung von Smyrna">die Stadt</a> und stießen von hier aus weiter nach Anatolien vor. Der Anteil der griechischen Bevölkerung stieg rasant an. Unmittelbar nach Beginn der Invasion wurden türkische und andere muslimische Zivilisten der Region durch die griechischen Truppen umgebracht. Allein am ersten Tag der Invasion wurden etwa 1.000 Zivilisten getötet. Auf Drängen der osmanischen Regierung reiste eine Untersuchungskommission der Pariser Verhandlungsdelegationen ein, die später Griechenland für schuldig befand.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im folgenden Jahr wurde die Stadt im <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vertrag_von_S%C3%A8vres_(Osmanisches_Reich)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vertrag von Sèvres (Osmanisches Reich)">Vertrag von Sèvres</a> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Griechenland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Griechenland">Griechenland</a> zugesprochen, aber im Zuge der griechischen Niederlage im <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Griechisch-T%C3%BCrkischer_Krieg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Griechisch-Türkischer Krieg">Griechisch-Türkischen Krieg</a> („Kleinasiatische Katastrophe“) am 9. September 1922 von den Türken <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Einnahme_von_Izmir_(1922)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Einnahme von Izmir (1922)">zurückerobert</a>. Am 13. September 1922 brach im Armenierviertel ein Feuer aus (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brand_von_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brand von Izmir">Brand von Izmir</a>), das sich rasch über die Viertel der Griechen und Ausländer („Franken“) ausbreitete und einen großen Teil der Stadt vernichtete. Bei den damit einhergehenden Auseinandersetzungen wurden mindestens 25.000 meist griechische und armenische Zivilisten getötet und etwa 200.000 vertrieben (vergleiche hierzu beispielsweise die Augenzeugenberichte des armenischen Arztes Garabed Hatscherian,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> des amerikanischen Diplomaten George Horton<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oder des Franzosen René Puaux<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Ein Teil der griechischen Bevölkerung wurde noch von den Engländern aus der Stadt evakuiert, die meisten verbliebenen Zivilisten, darunter auch der orthodoxe Erzbischof <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chrysostomos_Kalafatis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chrysostomos Kalafatis">Chrysostomos Kalafatis</a>, fielen anschließenden Gewalthandlungen zum Opfer. Viele der Griechen emigrierten nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Athen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Athen">Athen</a>, wo heute noch der Stadtteil <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nea_Smyrni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nea Smyrni">Nea Smyrni</a> („Neu-Smyrna“) an ihre Herkunft erinnert. Die 1733 gegründete <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evangelische_Schule_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evangelische Schule von Smyrna">Evangelische Schule von Smyrna</a> brannte ab. Auch die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St.-Stepanos-Kirche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St.-Stepanos-Kirche">St.-Stepanos-Kirche</a> wurde zerstört.</p> <p>Im <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vertrag_von_Lausanne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vertrag von Lausanne">Vertrag von Lausanne</a> wurden Izmir und die gesamte Westküste Kleinasiens 1922 der Türkei zugesprochen.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sepečides-Roma"><span id="Sepe.C4.8Dides-Roma"></span>Sepečides-Roma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Sepečides-Roma" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Aufgrund des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerungsaustausch_zwischen_Griechenland_und_der_T%C3%BCrkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bevölkerungsaustausch zwischen Griechenland und der Türkei">Bevölkerungsaustausches zwischen Griechenland und der Türkei</a> mussten die Sepečides (Korbflechter), <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xoraxane-Roma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Xoraxane-Roma">Xoraxane-Roma</a>, Saloniki und Umgebung wegen ihres muslimischen Glaubens verlassen. Die Mehrheit von ihnen ließ sich in Izmir nieder. Über diese Gruppe sowie deren Romani-Dialekt wurden mehrere Bücher geschrieben und Tonbandaufnahmen angefertigt. Somit stellen die Sepečides international die wohl am besten dokumentierte Gruppe der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roma_in_der_T%C3%BCrkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roma in der Türkei">Roma in der Türkei</a> dar<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Modernes_Izmir">Modernes Izmir</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Modernes Izmir" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg/250px-K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4056" data-file-height="3040"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 187px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg/250px-K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="187" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg/375px-K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg/500px-K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark_aerial_view_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Blick auf den <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kültürpark">Kültürpark</a> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Auf einem Teil der zerstörten Stadtteile wurde der <i>Kulturpark</i> mit dem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Messe_(Wirtschaft)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Messe (Wirtschaft)">Messegelände</a> (mit 420.000 m² Grundfläche) errichtet.</p> <p>Das Stadtzentrum mit der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gemeinde?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gemeinde">Gemeindeverwaltung</a> (Belediye) und dem Sitz des Provinz<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gouverneur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gouverneur">gouverneurs</a> (Valilik) befindet sich in <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konak_(Izmir)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konak (Izmir)">Konak</a>. Im benachbarten Alsancak befindet sich das Geschäfts- und Einkaufszentrum, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_(Izmir)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karşıyaka (Izmir)">Karşıyaka</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bornova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bornova">Bornova</a>, <i>Hatay</i>, <i>Buca</i> und <i>Göztepe</i> sind die größten Wohngebiete.</p> <p>Die Provinz beherbergt 4,6 % der landesweiten Landwirtschaft und 9 % der gesamten Industrie. Die Ökonomie basiert auf 30,5 % Industrie, 22,9 % Handel, 13,5 % Transportgewerbe und Telekommunikation und 7,8 % Landwirtschaft. Die wichtigsten Exportgüter der Stadt sind Erdölprodukte und Chemikalien, Metall, Textilien, Autos, Lebensmittel (Feigen, Trauben, Oliven und Olivenöl), Bier der Marken <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Efes_(Brauerei)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Efes (Brauerei)">Efes</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carlsberg_(Brauerei)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tuborg" title="Carlsberg (Brauerei)">Tuborg</a>, Tabak und Wolle.</p> <p>Die meisten Unterhaltungs- und Einkaufskomplexe sind in Konak, Karşıyaka und Bornova, wobei die Industrie in Bornova, Çiğli und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaziemir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaziemir">Gaziemir</a> konzentriert ist. Im nordöstlichen Teil von Izmir erstreckt sich der etwa 46 Hektar große Kulturpark mit Zoologischem Garten, Freilufttheater und Messegelände.</p> <p>Seit Ende der 1980er und Anfang der 1990er Jahre lebt in Izmir die Mehrheit der damals vertriebenen <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bulgarien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bulgarien">Bulgarien</a>-Türken (Bulgaristan Türkleri).</p> <p>In der Stadt befinden sich heute vier Universitäten und eine Technische Hochschule/Universität.</p> <p>Als Wahrzeichen der Stadt gelten der <i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uhrturm_von_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uhrturm von Izmir">Saat Kulesi</a></i> (Uhrturm) auf dem Konak-Platz und das <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrkstatue_in_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atatürkstatue in Izmir">Atatürk-Denkmal</a> auf dem Platz der Republik (<i>Cumhuriyet-Platz</i>).</p> <p>Im Volksmund wird die Stadt auch „Gâvur İzmir“ genannt, was „Ungläubiges Izmir“ bedeutet. Der Ausdruck geht bis ins 15. Jh. zurück.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heutzutage wird der Ausdruck teils ironisch, teils <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pejorativ?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pejorativ">pejorativ</a> gegen die dortige – im Gegensatz zum konservativen Inneranatolien – dominierende säkulare weltoffene Bevölkerung Izmirs gebraucht. Mit zunehmend restriktiver, religiös-konservativer Politik verzeichnet Izmir in jüngster Zeit einen starken Zuzug liberal eingestellter Türken, so dass sich der Charakter der Stadt als Hochburg und Rückzugsgebiet des Liberalismus verfestigt.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Am 26. April 2022 erhielt die Stadt den <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europapreis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europapreis">Europapreis</a> des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europarat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europarat">Europarates</a> für ihre herausragenden Bemühungen um den europäischen Integrationsgedanken.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="thumb centered" style="margin-top: .5em; width:950px;"> <div class="thumbinner"> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:232px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Izmir_Clock_Tower_(October_2018).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg/230px-Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="172" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4981" data-file-height="3726"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 230px;height: 172px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg/230px-Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg" data-width="230" data-height="172" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg/345px-Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg/460px-Izmir_Clock_Tower_%28October_2018%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> İzmir Saat Kulesi am Konak-Platz. </div> </div> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:232px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg/230px-Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 230px;height: 173px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg/230px-Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg" data-width="230" data-height="173" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg/345px-Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg/460px-Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_Bazaar_Street_2015.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Karşıyaka Çarşı </div> </div> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:232px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg/230px-Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 230px;height: 173px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg/230px-Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg" data-width="230" data-height="173" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg/345px-Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg/460px-Meles_Deltas%C4%B1_park.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Wolkenkratzer im Stadtteil <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bayrakl%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bayraklı">Bayraklı</a> </div> </div> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:232px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:AtaturkinIzmir.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/AtaturkinIzmir.jpg/230px-AtaturkinIzmir.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 230px;height: 173px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/AtaturkinIzmir.jpg/230px-AtaturkinIzmir.jpg" data-width="230" data-height="173" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/AtaturkinIzmir.jpg/345px-AtaturkinIzmir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/AtaturkinIzmir.jpg/460px-AtaturkinIzmir.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Atatürkskulptur im Stadtteil <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buca_(Izmir)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buca (Izmir)">Buca</a> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Verkehr">Verkehr</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Verkehr" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Straßenverkehr"><span id="Stra.C3.9Fenverkehr"></span>Straßenverkehr</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Straßenverkehr" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Die neue Teilring-Autobahn <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otoyol_30?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Otoyol 30">Otoyol 30</a> (O30) entlastet die städtischen Straßen, jedoch konnte sie das in den letzten Jahren ständig gestiegene Verkehrsaufkommen nicht kompensieren.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Metro">Metro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Metro" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg/220px-Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg/220px-Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg/330px-Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg/440px-Konak_Izmir_Metro.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> U-Bahnhaltestelle Konak </figcaption> </figure> <p>Die Metro von İzmir besteht derzeit noch aus nur einer Linie. Diese ist 20 km lang und hat 17 Stationen. Die Linie beginnt in Göztepe im Fahrettin Altay im südlichen Teil der Metropolregion und verläuft in nordöstlicher Richtung bis zur Evka-3 in <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bornova?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bornova">Bornova</a>. Die Fahrt auf der Strecke, die unterirdisch, auf einem Viadukt und im Einschnitt verläuft, dauert etwa 25 Minuten. Die Bahnsteige sind 125 Meter lang, an ihnen halten 3-Wagen-Züge.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="S-Bahn">S-Bahn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: S-Bahn" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Am 30. August 2010 wurde ein aus zwei Linien bestehendes <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S-Bahn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="S-Bahn">S-Bahn</a>-System unter der Bezeichnung <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0ZBAN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İZBAN">İZBAN</a> in Betrieb genommen. Eine der Strecken bindet auch den Flughafen an. Beide Linien führen vom <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bahnhof_Izmir_Alsancak&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bahnhof Izmir Alsancak (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Bahnhof Izmir Alsancak</a> in der Stadtmitte ins Umland. Außerdem verkehren Regionalzüge von/nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%96demi%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ödemiş">Ödemiş</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tire">Tire</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%B6ke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Söke">Söke</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aydın">Aydın</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nazilli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nazilli">Nazilli</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manisa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manisa">Manisa</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Denizli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Denizli">Denizli</a>.</p> <p>Eines der beliebtesten Transportmittel der Menschen in der Region ist der Regionalzug. Die am häufigsten genutzte Zugstrecke ist die Regionalbahnlinie zwischen dem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahnhof_Izmir_Basmane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahnhof Izmir Basmane">Bahnhof Izmir Basmane</a> und der Provinz Denizli. Auf dieser Linie verkehren täglich 6 Züge.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Auch hier verkehren täglich 7 Züge zwischen dem Bahnhof Izmir Basmane und dem Bahnhof Ödemiş. Es gibt auch 3 Züge pro Tag zwischen der Provinz Izmir und der Provinz Manisa. Eine weitere wichtige Bahnlinie ist die Bahnlinie zwischen dem Bahnhof Izmir Basmane und der Provinz Uşak mit zwei Zügen pro Tag zwischen Izmir und Uşak.</p> <div class="thumb centered" style="margin-top: .5em; width:518px;"> <div class="thumbinner"> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:252px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg/250px-E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg/250px-E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg/375px-E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg/500px-E22011_at_Ulukent.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Wagen der S-Bahn Izmir (İZBAN) in Ulukent (Baureihe E22000 des spanischen Herstellers CAF) </div> </div> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:252px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:IZBAN_E22107.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/IZBAN_E22107.jpg/250px-IZBAN_E22107.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 188px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/IZBAN_E22107.jpg/250px-IZBAN_E22107.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="188" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/IZBAN_E22107.jpg/375px-IZBAN_E22107.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/IZBAN_E22107.jpg/500px-IZBAN_E22107.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Wagen der S-Bahn (İZBAN) in Aliaga (Baureihe E22100 von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hyundai_Rotem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hyundai Rotem">Hyundai Rotem</a>) </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Straßenbahn"><span id="Stra.C3.9Fenbahn"></span>Straßenbahn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Straßenbahn" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="hauptartikel" role="navigation"> <span class="hauptartikel-pfeil" title="siehe" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">→ </span><i><span class="hauptartikel-text">Hauptartikel</span>: <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stra%C3%9Fenbahn_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Straßenbahn Izmir">Straßenbahn Izmir</a></i> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg/226px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="141" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7586" data-file-height="4741"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 226px;height: 141px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg/226px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg" data-width="226" data-height="141" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg/339px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg/452px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img40_Alaybey_tram_stop.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Straßenbahn in Alaybey </figcaption> </figure> <p>Es gibt zwei <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stra%C3%9Fenbahn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Straßenbahn">Straßenbahnnetze</a> in Izmir:</p> <ol> <li>Das 18,7 km lange <i>Karşıyaka-Çiğli</i>-Netz wurde in einer ersten, 8,8 km langen Ausbaustufe am 11. April 2017 eröffnet.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-0" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b></li> <li>Das 12,6 km lange <i>Konak</i>-Netz ging am 24. März 2018 in Betrieb.<b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-1" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b></li> </ol> <p>Auf diesen beiden Netzen kommen fünfteilige Niederflurtriebzüge zum Einsatz. Sie wurden geliefert von Eurotem, einem Joint-Venture-Unternehmen von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hyundai_Rotem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hyundai Rotem">Hyundai Rotem</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCvasa%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tüvasaş">Tüvasaş</a>.</p> <p>Eine Strecke von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eirinyer&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Şirinyer (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Şirinyer</a> zur <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dokuz_Eyl%C3%BCl_%C3%9Cniversitesi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi">Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi</a> ist (Stand Dezember 2015) in Planung.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Schienen-Fernverkehr">Schienen-Fernverkehr</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Schienen-Fernverkehr" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Im Fernverkehr bestehen Verbindungen über die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahnstrecke_Izmir%E2%80%93Afyonkarahisar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahnstrecke Izmir–Afyonkarahisar">Bahnstrecke Izmir–Afyonkarahisar</a> mit dem modernen Nachtschnellzug <i>Konya Mavi</i> nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konya">Konya</a> sowie Tagverbindungen nach <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Band%C4%B1rma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bandırma">Bandırma</a>, wo Anschluss mit einer Hochgeschwindigkeitsfähre nach Istanbul besteht. Der Anschluss Izmirs an das Netz der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Schnellfahrstrecke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Schnellfahrstrecke">Schnellfahrstrecken</a> der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye_Cumhuriyeti_Devlet_Demiryollar%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları">türkischen Staatsbahn</a> (TCDD) in Richtung <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ankara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> ist geplant. Ende November 2018 wurde bekanntgegeben, dass die 624 km lange Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke Ankara-Izmir bis zum ersten Halbjahr 2021 in Betrieb gehen soll.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="thumb centered" style="margin-top: .5em; width:618px;"> <div class="thumbinner"> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:302px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg/300px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7691" data-file-height="4326"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 169px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg/300px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="169" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg/450px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg/600px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img01_Basmane_Station.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahnhof_Izmir_Basmane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahnhof Izmir Basmane">Bahnhof Izmir Basmane</a> </div> </div> <div style="float:left; padding:1px; width:302px;"> <div class="thumbimage"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg/300px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7617" data-file-height="4285"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 300px;height: 169px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg/300px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg" data-width="300" data-height="169" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg/450px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg/600px-TR_Izmir_asv2020-02_img22_Alsancak_Station.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> Bahnhof Izmir Alsancak </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hafen">Hafen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Hafen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Izmir besitzt den zweitgrößten Hafen der Türkei. Von dort verkehren zahlreiche Auto- und Personenfähren. Der Hafen diente außerdem zur Zeit des <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kalter_Krieg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kalter Krieg">Kalten Krieges</a> als größte <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NATO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="NATO">NATO</a>-<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marinest%C3%BCtzpunkt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marinestützpunkt">Marinebasis</a> der Türkei. In Izmir befindet sich das <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hauptquartier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hauptquartier">Hauptquartier</a> der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Marine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkische Marine">türkischen Marine</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg/220px-Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg/220px-Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg/330px-Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg/440px-Adnan_Menderes_Airport_International_Terminal.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flughafen_Izmir-Adnan_Menderes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flughafen Izmir-Adnan Menderes">Flughafen Izmir-Adnan Menderes</a> im Stadtteil <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaziemir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaziemir">Gaziemir</a> </figcaption> </figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Flughafen">Flughafen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Flughafen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flughafen_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Flughafen Izmir">Adnan-Menderes-Flughafen</a> befindet sich 18 Kilometer außerhalb der Stadt. 2006 wurde ein neues internationales Terminal fertiggestellt. Im gleichen Jahr nahm die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IzAir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="IzAir">IzAir</a>, eine private Fluggesellschaft, ihren Betrieb auf. Der Flughafen Izmir ist ihr Heimatflughafen.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bildungseinrichtungen">Bildungseinrichtungen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Bildungseinrichtungen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ege_%C3%9Cniversitesi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ege Üniversitesi">Ege Üniversitesi</a></i> (Ägäis-Universität)</li> <li><i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dokuz_Eyl%C3%BCl_%C3%9Cniversitesi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi">Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi</a></i> (Universität des 9. September)</li> <li><i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0zmir_Y%C3%BCksek_Teknoloji_Enstit%C3%BCs%C3%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü">İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü</a></i> (Institut für Technologie Izmir)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wirtschaftsuniversit%C3%A4t_Izmir&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Wirtschaftsuniversität Izmir (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Wirtschaftsuniversität Izmir</a> <i>(İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi)</i></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ya%C5%9Far-Universit%C3%A4t&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Yaşar-Universität (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Yaşar-Universität</a> <i>(Yaşar Üniversitesi)</i></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=R%C3%BC%C5%9Ft%C3%BC-%C3%9Cnsal-Polizei-Akademie&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Rüştü-Ünsal-Polizei-Akademie (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Rüştü-Ünsal-Polizei-Akademie</a> <i>(Polis Meslek Yüksek Okulu)</i></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universität Smyrna">Ionische Universität von Smyrna</a> (1919–1922; nicht mehr existent)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deutsche_Schule_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deutsche Schule Izmir">Deutsche Schule Izmir</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Evangelische_Schule_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Evangelische Schule von Smyrna">Evangelische Schule von Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%96zel_%C4%B0zmir_Amerikan_Koleji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Özel İzmir Amerikan Koleji">Özel İzmir Amerikan Koleji</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Politik" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Stadtrat">Stadtrat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Stadtrat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Partei / Liste</th> <th colspan="2" align="center"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kommunalwahl_in_der_T%C3%BCrkei_2019?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kommunalwahl in der Türkei 2019">Wahl 2019</a></th> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#E8E8E8"> <th>Stimmenanteil<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Sitze</th> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="left"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_der_Nation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bündnis der Nation">Bündnis der Nation</a> (CHP-IYI)</td> <td>54,5 %</td> <td rowspan="5"> <div class="centered diagram noprint hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="width:16em; height:8em; padding:1em; overflow:hidden; text-align:center;"> <div style="width:16em; height:8em; position:relative; -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; -moz-border-radius-topleft:8em; -webkit-border-top-left-radius:8em; border-top-left-radius:8em; -moz-border-radius-topright:8em;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:8em;border-top-right-radius:8em; background:#ec2027;"> <div style="text-align:center; width:16em; height:8em; position:absolute; -o-transform:rotate(-31.193181818182deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-31.193181818182deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(-31.193181818182deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-31.193181818182deg);transform:rotate(-31.193181818182deg); -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; top:-1em; line-height:1em; padding-bottom:1em;"> <span style="color:var(--color-base)">115</span> </div> <div style="-o-transform:rotate(117.61363636364deg);-moz-transform:rotate(117.61363636364deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(117.61363636364deg);-ms-transform:rotate(117.61363636364deg);transform:rotate(117.61363636364deg); width:16em; height:8em; position:relative; -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; -moz-border-radius-topleft:8em; -webkit-border-top-left-radius:8em; border-top-left-radius:8em; -moz-border-radius-topright:8em;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:8em;border-top-right-radius:8em; background:#1E90FF;"> <div style="text-align:center; width:16em; height:8em; position:absolute; -o-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg); -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; top:-1em; line-height:1em; padding-bottom:1em;"> <span style="color:var(--color-base)">7</span> </div> <div style="-o-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-moz-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-ms-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg); width:16em; height:8em; position:relative; -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; -moz-border-radius-topleft:8em; -webkit-border-top-left-radius:8em; border-top-left-radius:8em; -moz-border-radius-topright:8em;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:8em;border-top-right-radius:8em; background:#fdc400;"> <div style="text-align:center; width:16em; height:8em; position:absolute; -o-transform:rotate(-65.965909090909deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-65.965909090909deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(-65.965909090909deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-65.965909090909deg);transform:rotate(-65.965909090909deg); -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; top:-1em; line-height:1em; padding-bottom:1em;"> <span style="color:var(--color-base)">47</span> </div> <div style="-o-transform:rotate(48.068181818182deg);-moz-transform:rotate(48.068181818182deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(48.068181818182deg);-ms-transform:rotate(48.068181818182deg);transform:rotate(48.068181818182deg); width:16em; height:8em; position:relative; -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; -moz-border-radius-topleft:8em; -webkit-border-top-left-radius:8em; border-top-left-radius:8em; -moz-border-radius-topright:8em;-webkit-border-top-right-radius:8em;border-top-right-radius:8em; background:#870000;"> <div style="text-align:center; width:16em; height:8em; position:absolute; -o-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-moz-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);-ms-transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg);transform:rotate(-86.420454545455deg); -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center; top:-1em; line-height:1em; padding-bottom:1em;"> <span style="color:var(--color-base)">7</span> </div> <div style="-o-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-moz-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-webkit-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);-ms-transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg);transform:rotate(7.1590909090909deg); width:16em; height:8em; -o-transform-origin:bottom center;-moz-transform-origin:bottom center;-webkit-transform-origin:bottom center;-ms-transform-origin:bottom center;transform-origin:bottom center;" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis"> <div style="-o-transform:scale(0);-moz-transform:scale(0);-webkit-transform:scale(0);-ms-transform:scale(0);transform:scale(0); width:100%;"> <span style="display:inline-block;background:#ec2027;width:65.340909090911%;overflow:hidden;">115 </span><span style="display:inline-block;background:#1E90FF;width:3.9772727272727%;overflow:hidden;">7 </span><span style="display:inline-block;background:#fdc400;width:26.704545454546%;overflow:hidden;">47 </span><span style="display:inline-block;background:#870000;width:3.9772727272727%;overflow:hidden;">7 </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="width:6em; height:6em; margin:-3em auto; -moz-border-radius:3em; -webkit-border-radius:3em; border-radius:3em; -o-transform:translate(0,0);-moz-transform:translate(0,0);-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0);"></div> </div><p><br><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volksallianz_(T%C3%BCrkei)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volksallianz (Türkei)">Volksallianz</a> 54</p> <dl> <dd> <small><li style="list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; margin: 0;"><span style="border-left: 1.2em solid; border-left-color: #fdc400; padding-left: 0.4em;" title="Farbe #fdc400"></span><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adalet_ve_Kalk%C4%B1nma_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi">AKP</a> 47</li></small> </dd> <dd> <small><li style="list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; margin: 0;"><span style="border-left: 1.2em solid; border-left-color: #870000; padding-left: 0.4em;" title="Farbe #870000"></span><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milliyet%C3%A7i_Hareket_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi">MHP</a> 7</li></small> </dd> </dl><p><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%BCndnis_der_Nation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bündnis der Nation">Bündnis der Nation</a> 122</p><small><li style="list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; margin: 0;"><span style="border-left: 1.2em solid; border-left-color: #ec2027; padding-left: 0.4em;" title="Farbe #ec2027"></span><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cumhuriyet_Halk_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi">CHP</a> 115</li></small> <dl> <dd> <small><li style="list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; margin: 0;"><span style="border-left: 1.2em solid; border-left-color: #1E90FF; padding-left: 0.4em;" title="Farbe #1E90FF"></span><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0yi_Parti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İyi Parti">İYİ</a> 7</li></small> </dd> </dl></td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="left"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volksallianz_(T%C3%BCrkei)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volksallianz (Türkei)">Volksallianz (AKP-MHP)</a></td> <td>38,2 %</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="left"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halklar%C4%B1n_Demokratik_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halkların Demokratik Partisi">Halkların Demokratik Partisi</a> (HDP)</td> <td>2,5 %</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="left"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saadet_Partisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saadet Partisi">Saadet Partisi</a> (SAADET)</td> <td>1,4 %</td> </tr> <tr align="right"> <td align="left"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demokratik_Sol_Parti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demokratik Sol Parti">Demokratik Sol Parti</a> (DSP)</td> <td>1,3 %</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Klima">Klima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Klima" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <p>Izmir hat <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mediterranes_Klima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranes Klima">mediterranes Klima</a> mit trockenen, heißen Sommern und regenreichen, milden Wintern. Relativ hohe Temperaturen bestimmen die Sommermonate. Regen fällt zwischen Mai und September in Ausnahmefällen. In der Regel sind kühles Wetter und Regen im Oktober zu erwarten. Das Frühjahr und der Herbst sind angenehm temperiert und daher die besten Zeiten, der Stadt einen Besuch abzustatten. Schnee und Bodenfrost sind im Winter keine Seltenheit.</p> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: right; clear: right; margin-left:1em;margin-right:0; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver; position:relative; z-index:100; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Izmir, Konak (29 m)</th> </tr> <tr> <th style="font-size: 90%">Klimadiagramm</th> </tr> <tr> <td> <table style="width: 100%; margin: 0; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%; box-sizing:border-box; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody> <tr> <td>J</td> <td>F</td> <td>M</td> <td>A</td> <td>M</td> <td>J</td> <td>J</td> <td>A</td> <td>S</td> <td>O</td> <td>N</td> <td>D</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.55em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">128</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:11.2em;height:1.34em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:12.54em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">13</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:9.7em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">6</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.144em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">107</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:11.32em;height:1.48em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:12.8em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">14</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:9.82em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">7</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.556em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">78</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:11.72em;height:1.72em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:13.44em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">17</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:10.22em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">9</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.002em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">50</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:12.36em;height:1.9em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:14.26em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">21</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:10.86em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">12</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.658em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">33</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:13.24em;height:2.06em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:15.3em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">27</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:11.74em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">16</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.288em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">14</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:14.18em;height:2.08em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:16.26em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">31</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:12.68em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">21</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.06em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">3</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:14.7em;height:2.06em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:16.76em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">34</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:13.2em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">24</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.134em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">6.7</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:14.74em;height:1.98em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:16.72em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">34</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:13.24em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">24</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.47em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">24</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:13.9em;height:2em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:15.9em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">30</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:12.4em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">20</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.13em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">57</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:13.08em;height:1.84em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:14.92em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">25</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:11.58em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">15</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.992em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">100</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:12.18em;height:1.58em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:13.76em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">19</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:10.68em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">11</span> </div> </div></td> <td> <div style="width:1.6em;height:20em;position:relative;z-index:-1;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:8em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-top:dotted 1px #cba;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;z-index:1;padding:0;margin:-1px 0">   </div> <div style="background:#AACCEE; color:inherit;;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:2.626em;z-index:3;overflow:hidden">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-progressive, #3366cc); position:absolute; bottom:.5em; left:0; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:center;"> <span style="font-size:70%">131</span> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#EE4444; color:inherit; position:absolute;left:.4em; width:0.8em; z-index:4;bottom:11.54em;height:1.26em;">   </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:12.8em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">14</span> </div> <div style="color: var(--color-destructive, #D73333); position:absolute; bottom:10.04em; left:-.4em; width:1.6em; height:1.5em; text-align:right;z-index:4"> <span style="font-size:80%">8</span> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em;"><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span style="background:#e44;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monatsmitteltemperatur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monatsmitteltemperatur">Temperatur</a> (°C)</span>   <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span style="background:#ace;color: transparent; width: 12px; line-height:12px;display:inline-block;">_</span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Niederschlag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Niederschlagsmenge" title="Niederschlag">Niederschlag</a> (mm)</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1em; font-size:85%"><b>Quelle:</b> MGM, Normalperiode 1991–2020<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://wetterkontor.de/de/klima/klima2.asp?land%3Dtr%26stat%3D17220">wetterkontor.de (Wassertemperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit)</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="hintergrundfarbe-basis"" style="border: 1px solid #B5B5B5; margin-bottom:.5em; norder-spacing:4px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; margin-bottom:5px;"> <b>Monatliche Durchschnittstemperaturen und -niederschläge für Izmir, Konak (29 m)</b> </div> <table class="toptextcells hintergrundfarbe5" style="padding: 5px; border-spacing:1px; text-align:center; font-size:95%; margin-bottom:10px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="height:15px"></td> <td style="width:45px">Jan</td> <td style="width:45px">Feb</td> <td style="width:45px">Mär</td> <td style="width:45px">Apr</td> <td style="width:45px">Mai</td> <td style="width:45px">Jun</td> <td style="width:45px">Jul</td> <td style="width:45px">Aug</td> <td style="width:45px">Sep</td> <td style="width:45px">Okt</td> <td style="width:45px">Nov</td> <td style="width:45px">Dez</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px;"></td> <td style="width:45px"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;">Mittl. Temperatur (°C)</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">9,0</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">9,9</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">12,4</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,2</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">21,1</td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">26,0</td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">28,6</td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">28,5</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">24,1</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">19,5</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">14,4</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">10,5</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #FFA500;"><b>18,4</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="Mittlere höchste Tagestemperatur in Grad Celsius">Mittl. Tagesmax. (°C)</abbr></td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">12,7</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">14,0</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">17,2</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">21,3</td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">26,5</td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">31,3</td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">33,8</td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">33,6</td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">29,5</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">24,6</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">18,8</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">14,0</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%;"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;"><b>23,2</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="Mittlere niedrigste Tagestemperatur in Grad Celsius">Mittl. Tagesmin. (°C)</abbr></td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">6,0</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">6,6</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">8,6</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">11,8</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,2</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">20,9</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">23,5</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">23,7</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">19,5</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15,4</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">10,9</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">7,7</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;"><b>14,3</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="15" style="height:5px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Niederschlag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Niederschlagsmenge" title="Niederschlag">Niederschlag</a> (<abbr title="Millimeter = Liter pro Quadratmeter">mm</abbr>)</td> <td style="background: #607CD2;">127,5</td> <td style="background: #607CD2;">107,2</td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">77,8</td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;">50,1</td> <td style="background: #F0F8FF;">32,9</td> <td style="background: #FFF8DC;">14,4</td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">3,0</td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">6,7</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">23,5</td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;">56,5</td> <td style="background: #828BD9;">99,6</td> <td style="background: #607CD2;">131,3</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>Σ</b></td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;"><b>730,5</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="15" style="height:5px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sonnenschein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sonnenschein">Sonnenstunden</a> (<abbr title="Stunden pro Tag">h/d</abbr>)</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">4,5</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">5,2</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">6,6</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">7,8</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">9,7</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">11,5</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">12,3</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">11,6</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">9,7</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">7,6</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">5,7</td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">4,2</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #FFA500;"><b>8</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="15" style="height:5px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Regentag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Regentag">Regentage</a> (<abbr title="Tag">d</abbr>)</td> <td style="background: #4169E1;">10,7</td> <td style="background: #4169E1;">10,7</td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">9,1</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">7,6</td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF;">5,9</td> <td style="background: #FFF8DC;">2,4</td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">0,3</td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">0,6</td> <td style="background: #FFF8DC;">2,4</td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF;">5,5</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">8,4</td> <td style="background: #828BD9;">12,0</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>Σ</b></td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;"><b>75,6</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="15" style="height:5px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left;"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meeresoberfl%C3%A4chentemperatur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meeresoberflächentemperatur">Wassertemperatur</a> (°C)</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">13</td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">14</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">18</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">21</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">23</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">23</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">22</td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">20</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">17</td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #FFA500;"><b>18,1</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="15" style="height:5px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left;"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luftfeuchtigkeit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luftfeuchtigkeit">Luftfeuchtigkeit</a> (<abbr title="Prozent">%</abbr>)</td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">72</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">69</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">65</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">63</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">60</td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;">52</td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF;">49</td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF;">49</td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;">55</td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">64</td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">70</td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">72</td> <td style="padding-left:6px; padding-right:3px; font-size: 110%"><b>⌀</b></td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;"><b>61,6</b></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="float:left; font-size:75%; margin-top:10px; text-align:center; margin-left:15px; display:none; height:220px;"> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="padding-right: 3px; line-height:150%;">T<br> e<br> m<br> p<br> e<br> r<br> a<br> t<br> u<br> r</td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px; border-left: 1px solid gray; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Januar" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:84;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 12,7 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:34px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:50px;">6,0</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Februar" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:90;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 14,0 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:37px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:53px;">6,6</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="März" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:106;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 17,2 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:43px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:63px;">8,6</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="April" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:127;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 21,3 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:48px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:79px;">11,8</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Mai" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:153;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 26,5 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:52px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:101px;">16,2</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Juni" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:177;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 31,3 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:52px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:125px;">20,9</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Juli" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:189;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 33,8 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:52px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:138px;">23,5</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="August" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:188;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 33,6 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:50px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:139px;">23,7</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="September" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:168;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 29,5 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:50px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:118px;">19,5</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Oktober" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:143;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 24,6 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:46px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:97px;">15,4</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="November" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:114;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 18,8 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:40px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:75px;">10,9</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> <td class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray;"> <table title="Dezember" style="text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:7pt; height:90;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid var(--border-color-destructive, #D73333);"> 14,0 </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th class="hintergrundfarbe8" style="width:21px; height:32px;"></th> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid var(--border-color-progressive, #3366CC); height:59px;">7,7</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> <tr class="hintergrundfarbe-basis"> <td style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px;">Jan</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Feb</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Mär</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Apr</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Mai</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Jun</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Jul</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Aug</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Sep</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Okt</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Nov</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Dez</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="hintergrundfarbe1" style="float:left; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:75%; margin-top:10px; text-align:center; margin-left:15px; display:none;"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe-basis" style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 3px; line-height:150%;">N<br> i<br> e<br> d<br> e<br> r<br> s<br> c<br> h<br> l<br> a<br> g</td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px; border-left: 1px solid gray; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">127,5 <div title="Januar" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:194.21172886519px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">107,2 <div title="Februar" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:163.29017517136px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">77,8 <div title="März" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:118.50723533892px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">50,1 <div title="April" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:76.313785224676px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">32,9 <div title="Mai" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:50.11424219345px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">14,4 <div title="Juni" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:21.934501142422px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">3,0 <div title="Juli" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:4.5696877380046px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">6,7 <div title="August" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:10.20563594821px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">23,5 <div title="September" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:35.795887281036px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">56,5 <div title="Oktober" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:86.062452399086px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">99,6 <div title="November" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:151.71363290175px"></div></td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">131,3 <div title="Dezember" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0 1px; width: 19px; height:200px"></div></td> </tr> <tr class="hintergrundfarbe-basis"> <td> </td> <td style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px;">Jan</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Feb</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Mär</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Apr</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Mai</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Jun</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Jul</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Aug</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Sep</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Okt</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Nov</td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Dez</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="clear:right;font-size:85%; line-height:1em; margin-top:5px;"> <b>Quelle:</b> MGM, Normalperiode 1991–2020<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://wetterkontor.de/de/klima/klima2.asp?land%3Dtr%26stat%3D17220">wetterkontor.de (Wassertemperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit)</a> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Geologie">Geologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geologie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <p>Izmir und die Region ist wie die gesamte Türkei erdbebengefährdet. Das <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erdbeben_in_Izmir_1653?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erdbeben in Izmir 1653">Ost-Smyrna-Erdbeben</a> 1653 forderte 2.500 Todesopfer, das <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erdbeben_in_Izmir_1688?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erdbeben in Izmir 1688">Erdbeben 1688</a> 16.000 Tote. Immer wieder kam es zu Erdbeben, die hohe Werte auf der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richterskala?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richterskala">Richterskala</a> erreichten. Zuletzt ereigneten sich <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erdbeben_in_der_%C3%84g%C3%A4is_2020?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erdbeben in der Ägäis 2020">am 30. Oktober 2020</a> ein Beben mit der Stärke von 7,0 <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Momenten-Magnituden-Skala?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Momenten-Magnituden-Skala">M<sub>W</sub></a>, bei dem Menschen ums Leben kamen und hohe Sachschäden entstanden.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Medien">Medien</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Medien" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <div class="sieheauch" role="navigation" style="font-style:italic;"> <span class="sieheauch-text">Siehe auch</span>: <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sender_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sender Izmir">Sender Izmir</a> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Panorama">Panorama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Panorama" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div style="box-sizing:border-box;clear:{{{clear}}}; max-width:100%;margin-top:0.1em; margin-bottom:0.1em; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <div class="thumbinner centered panorama" style="max-width:1102px; width: 100%; width: inherit;"> <div class="thumbimage noresize" style="overflow-y:hidden; overflow-x:scroll; overflow:auto; width:100%; width:inherit;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg/1100px-A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg" decoding="async" width="1100" height="342" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6218" data-file-height="1934"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 1100px;height: 342px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg/1100px-A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg" data-alt="" data-width="1100" data-height="342" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg/1650px-A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg/2200px-A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align: center;"> <div class="magnify"> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:A_panoramic_view_of_the_Alsancak_quarter_in_Izmir.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Datei:A panoramic view of the Alsancak quarter in Izmir.jpg">vergrößern und Informationen zum Bild anzeigen</a> </div> <div style="float:right; margin:0 3px"> <span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tools.wmflabs.org/zoomviewer/?flash%3Dno%26f%3DA%2Bpanoramic%2Bview%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAlsancak%2Bquarter%2Bin%2BIzmir.jpg" title="Interaktiver Bildbetrachter"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Magnifying_glass.svg/12px-Magnifying_glass.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="110"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Magnifying_glass.svg/12px-Magnifying_glass.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Magnifying_glass.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Magnifying_glass.svg/24px-Magnifying_glass.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div style="float:left; width:30px; height:12px;"></div>Blick auf die Küste von Alsancak im Stadtteil Konak in Izmir. </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Sport" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <p>Die beliebteste Sportart in Izmir ist der Fußball. Die erfolgreichsten Mannschaften sind: <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Altay_%C4%B0zmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Altay İzmir">Altay</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%B6ztepe_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Göztepe Izmir">Göztepe</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka_SK?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karşıyaka SK">Karşıyaka</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0zmirspor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İzmirspor">İzmirspor</a>, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alt%C4%B1nordu_Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Altınordu Izmir">Altınordu</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bucaspor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bucaspor">Bucaspor</a>.</p> <p>Die Fußballvereine Izmirs sind in der <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ultraszene?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultraszene">Ultraszene</a> über die Grenzen der Türkei hinweg bekannt. Nicht jedoch für ihre sportlichen Erfolge, sondern wegen der Stadtderbies zwischen Karşıyaka SK und Göztepe GK, die, oft begleitet von gewalttätigen Auseinandersetzungen, Teil einer langen Rivalität zwischen den Vereinen sind.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <dl> <dt> Sportliche Einrichtungen </dt> </dl> <ul> <li>İzmir Atatürk Spor Salonu</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Alsancak_Mustafa_Denizli_Stadyumu&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Alsancak Mustafa Denizli Stadyumu (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Alsancak Mustafa Denizli Stadyumu</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk-Stadion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Atatürk-Stadion">Atatürk-Stadion</a></li> <li>Bostanlı Spor Tesisleri</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buca_Arena?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buca Arena">Buca Arena</a></li> <li>Buca Hasanağa Bahçesi</li> <li>Evka-4 Spor Tesisleri</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%BCrsel_Aksel_Stadyumu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gürsel Aksel Stadyumu">Gürsel Aksel Stadyumu</a></li> <li>İnciraltı Spor Tesisleri</li> <li>İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Celal Atik Spor Salonu</li> <li>İzmir Olimpik Buz Pateni</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Internationale Sport Events </dt> </dl> <ul> <li>1971: <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mittelmeerspiele?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mittelmeerspiele">Mittelmeerspiele</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sommer-Universiade_2005?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sommer-Universiade 2005">Sommer-Universiade 2005</a></li> <li>2005: Eurobasket 2005 Frauen</li> <li>2006: European Senioren Fechten</li> <li>2006: U20-Basketball-Europameisterschaft</li> <li>2007: Weltmeisterschaft Bogen Halle</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Tourismus">Tourismus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Tourismus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <p>Neben den zahlreichen historischen Stätten besitzt Izmir in der näheren Umgebung die berühmten Badeorte <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%87e%C5%9Fme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Çeşme">Çeşme</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ku%C5%9Fadas%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuşadası">Kuşadası</a>, welche mittlerweile bequem per Autobahn zu erreichen sind. Ebenfalls besteht die Möglichkeit für Kurzausflüge zu griechischen Inseln wie <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samos">Samos</a> und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chios?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chios">Chios</a>. Türkische Staatsbürger benötigen hierfür keine EU-Visa, für kurzzeitige Aufenthalte stellen die griechischen Behörden Touristenvisa aus.</p> <p>Im Bazar von „<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kemeralt%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kemeraltı">Kemeraltı</a>“ finden Touristen nicht nur orientalische Kuriositäten, sondern auch jede Menge Goldschmuck.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Sehenswürdigkeiten"><span id="Sehensw.C3.BCrdigkeiten"></span>Sehenswürdigkeiten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Sehenswürdigkeiten" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <ul> <li>die <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agora?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agora">Agora</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kadifekale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kadifekale">Kadifekale</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kemeralt%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kemeraltı">Kemeraltı</a> Bazaar und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hisar-Moschee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hisar-Moschee">Hisar-Moschee</a></li> <li><i>Balçova</i> Thermalbäder</li> <li>Belkahve</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asans%C3%B6r&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asansör (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Asansör</a></li> <li>Teleferik (Seilbahn) und Sperrtalsee</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCrpark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kültürpark">Kültürpark</a> (Messegelände)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir_Atat%C3%BCrk-Museum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Izmir Atatürk-Museum">Izmir Atatürk-Museum</a></li> </ul> <p>In der weiteren Umgebung befinden sich folgende bedeutende Ruinenstätten und Naturschönheiten:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ephesos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ephesos">Ephesos</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klazomenai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klazomenai">Klazomenai</a> bei <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Urla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Urla">Urla</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haus_der_Mutter_Maria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haus der Mutter Maria">Haus der Mutter Maria</a>, das angeblich letzte Wohn- und Sterbehaus <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maria_(Mutter_Jesu)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maria (Mutter Jesu)">Marias</a> bei Ephesos</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pergamon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pergamon">Pergamon</a> (Bergama)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Phokaia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phokaia">Phokaia</a> (Foça)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teos">Teos</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klaros?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klaros">Klaros</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Felsrelief_von_Karabel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Felsrelief von Karabel">Felsrelief von Karabel</a></li> <li>Çamaltı, Vogelparadies</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erythrai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erythrai">Erythrai</a></li> <li>Karagöl am Gipfel des Bergs Yamanlar (810 m)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolis_in_Ionien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metropolis in Ionien">Metropolis in Ionien</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bet-Israel-Synagoge?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bet-Israel-Synagoge">Bet-Israel-Synagoge</a></li> <li>Römisch-katholische <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St.-Johannes-Kathedrale_(Izmir)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St.-Johannes-Kathedrale (Izmir)">St.-Johannes-Kathedrale</a> (1863–1874)</li> <li>Anglikanische <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Johannes_der_Evangelist_(Izmir)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. Johannes der Evangelist (Izmir)">St.-Johann-Kirche</a> (1898–1899)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(15)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Persönlichkeiten"><span id="Pers.C3.B6nlichkeiten"></span>Persönlichkeiten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Persönlichkeiten" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-15 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-15"> <p>Folgende bekannte Personen wurden in chronologischer Reihenfolge in Izmir bzw. Smyrna geboren:</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r250404253">.mw-parser-output .column-multiple,.mw-parser-output div[style*=column]{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .column-multiple>ol,.mw-parser-output .column-multiple>ul,.mw-parser-output .column-multiple>p,.mw-parser-output div[style*=column]>ol,.mw-parser-output div[style*=column]>ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .column-multiple li,.mw-parser-output div[style*=column] li,.mw-parser-output .column-multiple-avoid{break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column;page-break-inside:avoid}.mw-parser-output .column-multiple-avoid-3{orphans:3;widows:3}.mw-parser-output .column-multiple .mw-heading{column-span:all}</style> <div class="column-multiple" style="column-width:30em;column-count:2;"> <ul> <li>möglicherweise <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Homer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Homer">Homer</a> im achten Jahrhundert v. Chr.</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucius_Cestius_Pius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucius Cestius Pius">Lucius Cestius Pius</a> (* um 49 v. Chr.), Rhetoriklehrer in Rom</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Theon_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Theon von Smyrna">Theon von Smyrna</a> († nach 132), Philosoph, Mathematiker und Astronom</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Polykarp_von_Smyrna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polykarp von Smyrna">Polykarp von Smyrna</a> († um 155), war im 2. Jahrhundert Bischof von Smyrna (Izmir)</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sabbatai_Zwi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabbatai Zwi">Schabbtai Zvi</a> (1626–1676), Religionsgelehrter und selbsterklärter Messias</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adamantios_Korais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adamantios Korais">Adamantios Korais</a> (1748–1833), Gelehrter und Schriftsteller</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boghos_Bey_Yusufian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boghos Bey Yusufian">Boghos Bey Yusufian</a> (1775–1844), ägyptischer Minister armenischer Herkunft</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Justinian_Morier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Justinian Morier">James Justinian Morier</a> (1780–1848), britischer Diplomat, Reisender und Schriftsteller</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alphons_von_Cramer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alphons von Cramer">Alphons von Cramer</a> (1834–1884), österreichischer Maler der Düsseldorfer Schule</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Timotheos_Xanthopoulos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Timotheos Xanthopoulos">Timotheos Xanthopoulos</a> (1864–1942), griechischer Pianist, Komponist und Musikpädagoge</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Theodor_Axenfeld?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Theodor Axenfeld">Theodor Axenfeld</a> (1867–1930), deutscher Augenarzt und Hochschullehrer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manolis_Kalomiris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manolis Kalomiris">Manolis Kalomiris</a> (1883–1962), Komponist</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philipp_Meyer_(Theologe,_1883)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philipp Meyer (Theologe, 1883)">Philipp Meyer</a> (1883–1963), deutscher lutherischer Theologe und Kirchenhistoriker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0smet_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İsmet İnönü">İsmet İnönü</a> (1884–1973), Politiker (CHP), Ministerpräsident und zweiter <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sident_der_Republik_T%C3%BCrkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Präsident der Republik Türkei">Präsident der Republik Türkei</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ishak_Algazi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ishak Algazi (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Ishak Algazi</a> (1889–1950), Komponist und Interpret türkisch-klassischer und <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sephardische_Musik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sephardische Musik">sefardischer Musik</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mustafa_Necati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mustafa Necati">Mustafa Necati</a> (1894–1929), Politiker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latife_U%C5%9F%C5%9Faki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latife Uşşaki">Latife Uşşaki</a> (1899–1975), Ehefrau von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a></li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Marc_Gaudin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Marc Gaudin">Antoine Marc Gaudin</a> (1900–1974), französisch-amerikanischer Ingenieur</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Giorgos Seferis">Giorgos Seferis</a> (1900–1971), Schriftsteller und Literaturnobelpreisträger</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aristoteles_Onassis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aristoteles Onassis">Aristoteles Onassis</a> (1906–1975), Reeder</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alec_Issigonis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alec Issigonis">Alec Issigonis</a> (1906–1988), Autodesigner</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ahmed_Adnan_Saygun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ahmed Adnan Saygun">Ahmed Adnan Saygun</a> (1907–1991), Komponist, Musiker und Musikwissenschaftler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elena_Nikolaidi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elena Nikolaidi">Elena Nikolaidi</a> (1909–2002), griechisch-amerikanische Opern- und Konzertsängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nejat_Eczac%C4%B1ba%C5%9F%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nejat Eczacıbaşı">Nejat Eczacıbaşı</a> (1913–1993), Pharmaunternehmer und Kunstförderer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahad%C4%B1r_Alk%C4%B1m?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahadır Alkım">Bahadır Alkım</a> (1915–1981), Archäologe</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samuel_Sinai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samuel Sinai">Samuel Sinai</a> (1915–2003), Maler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yakovos_Bilek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yakovos Bilek">Yakovos Bilek</a> (1917–2005), Basketballtrainer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cemil_Erlert%C3%BCrk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cemil Erlertürk">Cemil Erlertürk</a> (1918–1970), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dario_Moreno?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dario Moreno">Dario Moreno</a> (1921–1968), Schauspieler und Sänger</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muharrem_Canda%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muharrem Candaş">Muharrem Candaş</a> (1921–2009), Ringer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Balladur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Balladur">Jean Balladur</a> (1924–2002), Architekt</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dilhan_Eryurt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dilhan Eryurt">Dilhan Eryurt</a> (1926–2012), Astrophysikerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Re%C5%9Fat_Karakuyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reşat Karakuyu">Reşat Karakuyu</a> (* 1928), Autor</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89douard_Balladur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Édouard Balladur">Édouard Balladur</a> (* 1929), Politiker, französischer Staats- und Premierminister</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magali_No%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magali Noël">Magali Noël</a> (1932–2015), Schauspielerin und Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nimet_%C3%96ktem?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nimet Öktem">Nimet Öktem</a> (1934–2017), Parasitologin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alparslan_Yenal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alparslan Yenal">Alparslan Yenal</a> (* 1935), Politikwissenschaftler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metin_Oktay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Metin Oktay">Metin Oktay</a> (1936–1991), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C3%BCven_Bak%C4%B1r?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Güven Bakır">Güven Bakır</a> (1939–2018), Archäologe</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erg%C3%BCder_Yolda%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ergüder Yoldaş">Ergüder Yoldaş</a> (* 1939), Komponist und Musiker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erman_Okay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erman Okay">Erman Okay</a> (* 1940), Film-, Fernseh- und Theaterschaffender</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Y%C3%BCksel_Pazarkaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yüksel Pazarkaya">Yüksel Pazarkaya</a> (* 1940), Schriftsteller</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Itzhak_Bars?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Itzhak Bars">Itzhak Bars</a> (* 1943), amerikanischer Physiker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/H%C3%BCsn%C3%BC_%C3%96zye%C4%9Fin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hüsnü Özyeğin">Hüsnü Özyeğin</a> (* 1944), Bankier</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Murat_Ses?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Murat Ses">Murat Ses</a> (* 1946), Musiker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halil_Berktay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halil Berktay">Halil Berktay</a> (* 1947), Geschichtsprofessor</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kayahan_A%C3%A7ar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kayahan Açar">Kayahan Açar</a> (1949–2015), Sänger, Komponist und Liedtexter</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ersin_Do%C4%9Fer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ersin Doğer">Ersin Doğer</a> (* 1951), Archäologe</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alev_Tekinay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alev Tekinay">Alev Tekinay</a> (* 1951), Linguistin und Schriftstellerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haluk_Bilginer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haluk Bilginer">Haluk Bilginer</a> (* 1954), Theater- und Filmschauspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nazan_%C3%96ncel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nazan Öncel">Nazan Öncel</a> (* 1956), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maria_Rita_Epik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maria Rita Epik">Maria Rita Epik</a> (* 1958), Musikerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ismail_Tipi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ismail Tipi">Ismail Tipi</a> (1959–2023), deutscher Politiker und hessischer Landtagsabgeordneter</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emel_M%C3%BCft%C3%BCo%C4%9Flu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emel Müftüoğlu">Emel Müftüoğlu</a> (* 1961), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semih_Kaplano%C4%9Flu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Semih Kaplanoğlu">Semih Kaplanoğlu</a> (* 1963), Filmregisseur, Drehbuchautor und Filmproduzent</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_Tilbe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yıldız Tilbe">Yıldız Tilbe</a> (* 1966), Musikerin und Popsängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ayhan_Salar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ayhan Salar">Ayhan Salar</a> (* 1967), Regisseur und Kameramann</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meltem_Cumbul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meltem Cumbul">Meltem Cumbul</a> (* 1969), Schauspielerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erkut_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C4%B1rmak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erkut Kızılırmak">Erkut Kızılırmak</a> (* 1969), Autorennfahrer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tevfik_Bulut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tevfik Bulut">Tevfik Bulut</a> (* 1970), Fußballspieler und -trainer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%BCneyt_Mete?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cüneyt Mete">Cüneyt Mete</a> (* 1970), Schauspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n_Ko%C5%9Fukavak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yalçın Koşukavak">Yalçın Koşukavak</a> (* 1972), Fußballspieler und -trainer</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alpay_%C3%96zalan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alpay Özalan">Alpay Özalan</a> (* 1973), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bekir_Pakdemirli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bekir Pakdemirli">Bekir Pakdemirli</a> (* 1973), Politiker und Ökonom</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%9Eehr%C3%AEbana_Kurd%C3%AE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Şehrîbana Kurdî">Şehrîbana Kurdî</a> (* 1973), <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kurden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kurden">kurdische</a> Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ece_Temelkuran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ece Temelkuran">Ece Temelkuran</a> (* 1973), Journalistin und Autorin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burcu_G%C3%BCne%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burcu Güneş">Burcu Güneş</a> (* 1975), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fuat_Tua%C3%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fuat Tuaç">Fuat Tuaç</a> (1975), Jazzmusiker</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Niran_%C3%9Cnsal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Niran Ünsal">Niran Ünsal</a> (* 1976), Popmusikerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ebru_Destan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ebru Destan">Ebru Destan</a> (* 1977), Sängerin und Schauspielerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Beng%C3%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bengü">Bengü</a> (* 1979), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tu%C4%9Fba_%C3%96zerk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tuğba Özerk">Tuğba Özerk</a> (* 1980), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petek_Din%C3%A7%C3%B6z?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petek Dinçöz">Petek Dinçöz</a> (* 1980), Sängerin und Schauspielerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Necati_Ate%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Necati Ateş">Necati Ateş</a> (* 1980), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%BCneyt_Dumlup%C4%B1nar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cüneyt Dumlupınar">Cüneyt Dumlupınar</a> (* 1980), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Recep_Biler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Recep Biler">Recep Biler</a> (* 1981), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dilek_Serbest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dilek Serbest">Dilek Serbest</a> (* 1981), Schauspielerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ayhan_Tuna_%C3%9Cz%C3%BCmc%C3%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ayhan Tuna Üzümcü">Ayhan Tuna Üzümcü</a> (* 1982), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ebru_Polat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ebru Polat">Ebru Polat</a> (* 1983), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Murat_Dalk%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Murat Dalkılıç">Murat Dalkılıç</a> (* 1983), Sänger</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semih_%C5%9Eent%C3%BCrk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Semih Şentürk">Semih Şentürk</a> (* 1983), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Ak%C4%B1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İbrahim Akın">İbrahim Akın</a> (* 1984), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elif_Turan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elif Turan">Elif Turan</a> (* 1984), Musikerin und Popsängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emre_Kaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emre Kaya">Emre Kaya</a> (* 1985), Sänger</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yekta_Kurtulu%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yekta Kurtuluş">Yekta Kurtuluş</a> (* 1985), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mehmet_Batdal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mehmet Batdal">Mehmet Batdal</a> (* 1986), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halil_Umut_Meler?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Halil Umut Meler">Halil Umut Meler</a> (* 1986), Fußballschiedsrichter</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Derya_Ulu%C4%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Derya Uluğ">Derya Uluğ</a> (* 1986), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Can_Bonomo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Can Bonomo">Can Bonomo</a> (* 1987), Sänger</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cem_Belevi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cem Belevi">Cem Belevi</a> (* 1987), Sänger und Schauspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Funda_K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Funda Kılıç">Funda Kılıç</a> (* 1988), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cenk_G%C3%B6nen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cenk Gönen">Cenk Gönen</a> (* 1988), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dilara_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCkbayraktar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dilara Büyükbayraktar">Dilara Büyükbayraktar</a> (* 1989), Schauspielerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emre_Can_(Schachspieler)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emre Can (Schachspieler)">Emre Can</a> (* 1990), Schachspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%B0smail_Haktan_Odaba%C5%9F%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="İsmail Haktan Odabaşı">İsmail Haktan Odabaşı</a> (* 1991), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hande_%C3%9Cnsal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hande Ünsal">Hande Ünsal</a> (* 1992), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Emel_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1-K%C4%B1r%C3%A7%C4%B1n?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Emel Şanlı-Kırçın">Emel Şanlı-Kırçın</a> (* 1993), Leichtathletin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lil_Zey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lil Zey">Lil Zey</a> (* 1994), Rapperin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%96zkan_Baltac%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Özkan Baltacı">Özkan Baltacı</a> (* 1994), Leichtathlet</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irmak_Ar%C4%B1c%C4%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irmak Arıcı">Irmak Arıcı</a> (* 1995), Popmusikerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%87a%C4%9Flar_S%C3%B6y%C3%BCnc%C3%BC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Çağlar Söyüncü">Çağlar Söyüncü</a>, (* 1996), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deniz_Tekin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deniz Tekin">Deniz Tekin</a> (* 1997), Sängerin</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enis_Destan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enis Destan">Enis Destan</a> (* 2002), Fußballspieler</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaz%C4%B1mcan_Karata%C5%9F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kazımcan Karataş">Kazımcan Karataş</a> (* 2003), Fußballspieler</li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(16)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Städtepartnerschaften"><span id="St.C3.A4dtepartnerschaften"></span>Städtepartnerschaften</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Städtepartnerschaften" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-16 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-16"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r250404253"> <div class="column-multiple" style="column-width:25em;column-count:3;"> <ul> <li><span style="display:none">Aserbaidschan</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aserbaidschan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baku">Baku</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aserbaidschan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aserbaidschan">Aserbaidschan</a>), seit 1985</li> <li><span style="display:none">Pakistan</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karatschi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pakistan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/18px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/18px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="18" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/27px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/36px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karatschi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karatschi">Karatschi</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pakistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>), seit 1985</li> <li><span style="display:none">Algerien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algerien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algier">Algier</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Algerien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algerien">Algerien</a>), seit 1988</li> <li><span style="display:none">Vereinigte Staaten</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seattle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vereinigte_Staaten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten">Vereinigte Staaten</a>), seit 1990</li> <li><span style="display:none">Vereinigte Staaten</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tampa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tampa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tampa">Tampa</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vereinigte_Staaten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten">Vereinigte Staaten</a>), seit 1990</li> <li><span style="display:none;">China Volksrepublik</span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tianjin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volksrepublik China"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tianjin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volksrepublik_China?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volksrepublik China">Volksrepublik China</a>), seit 1990</li> <li><span style="display:none">Danemark</span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Odense?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dänemark"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Odense?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Odense">Odense</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A4nemark?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dänemark">Dänemark</a>), seit 1991</li> <li><span style="display:none;">Kirgisistan</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Kirgisistan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bischkek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bischkek">Bischkek</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kirgisistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kirgisistan">Kirgisistan</a>), seit 1991</li> <li><span style="display:none">Australien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Melbourne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Australien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Melbourne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Australien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Australien">Australien</a>), seit 1992</li> <li><span style="display:none">Italien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neapel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neapel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neapel">Neapel</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italien">Italien</a>), seit 1992</li> <li><span style="display:none">Usbekistan</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buchara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usbekistan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buchara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Buchara">Buchara</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usbekistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usbekistan">Usbekistan</a>), seit 1992</li> <li><span style="display:none">Syrien</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aleppo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syrien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aleppo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syrien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syrien">Syrien</a>), seit 1993</li> <li><span style="display:none">Aserbaidschan</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C9%99nc%C9%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aserbaidschan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G%C9%99nc%C9%99?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gəncə">Gəncə</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aserbaidschan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aserbaidschan">Aserbaidschan</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none">Albanien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vlora?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albanien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vlora?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vlora">Vlora</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albanien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albanien">Albanien</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none">Usbekistan</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samarqand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usbekistan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samarqand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samarqand">Samarqand</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Usbekistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Usbekistan">Usbekistan</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none">Nordzypern</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Türkische Republik Nordzypern"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Famagusta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Famagusta">Gazimağusa</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Republik_Nordzypern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkische Republik Nordzypern">Türkische Republik Nordzypern</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none">Kasachstan</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Astana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kasachstan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Astana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Astana">Astana</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kasachstan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kasachstan">Kasachstan</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none;">Kirgisistan</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Kirgisistan"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dschalal-Abad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dschalal-Abad">Dschalal-Abad</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kirgisistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kirgisistan">Kirgisistan</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none">Turkei</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmenabat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkei"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmenabat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Türkmenabat">Türkmenabat</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Turkmenistan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>), seit 1994</li> <li><span style="display:none;">Deutschland</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bremen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deutschland"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bremen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bremen">Bremen</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deutschland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deutschland">Deutschland</a>), seit 1995</li> <li><span style="display:none">Argentinien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_(Argentinien)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argentinien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_(Argentinien)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Córdoba (Argentinien)">Córdoba</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Argentinien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Argentinien">Argentinien</a>), seit 1995</li> <li><span style="display:none">Kuba</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Havanna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuba"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Havanna?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Havanna">Havanna</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuba">Kuba</a>), seit 1995</li> <li><span style="display:none">Marokko</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marokko"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fès">Fès</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marokko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marokko">Marokko</a>), seit 1995</li> <li><span style="display:none;">Rumänien</span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rumänien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constanța">Constanța</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rum%C3%A4nien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rumänien">Rumänien</a>), seit 1995</li> <li><span style="display:none">Bosnien und Herzegowina</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mostar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bosnien und Herzegowina"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mostar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mostar">Mostar</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bosnien_und_Herzegowina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bosnien und Herzegowina">Bosnien und Herzegowina</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Israel</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tel_Aviv?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Israel"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/20px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/20px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/40px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tel_Aviv?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Israel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Israel">Israel</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Indonesien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Surabaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonesien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Surabaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indonesien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonesien">Indonesien</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Kroatien</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Split?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kroatien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Split?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Split">Split</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kroatien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kroatien">Kroatien</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Libanon</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tripoli_(Libanon)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libanon"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tripoli_(Libanon)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tripoli (Libanon)">Tripoli</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libanon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libanon">Libanon</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Moldau Republik</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C4%83l%C8%9Bi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republik Moldau"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/20px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/30px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C4%83l%C8%9Bi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bălți">Bălți</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Moldau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Republik Moldau">Moldau</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Agypten</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ägypten"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/20px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/40px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%84gypten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ägypten">Ägypten</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Chile</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chile"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/20px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/30px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/40px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viña del Mar">Viña del Mar</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chile">Chile</a>), seit 1996</li> <li><span style="display:none">Indien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mumbai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/20px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/20px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/30px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/40px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mumbai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indien">Indien</a>), seit 1997</li> <li><span style="display:none">Slowakei</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%BDilina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slowakei"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%BDilina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Žilina">Žilina</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slowakei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slowakei">Slowakei</a>), seit 1997</li> <li><span style="display:none">Brasilien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salvador_(Bahia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brasilien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/20px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/30px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/40px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salvador_(Bahia)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salvador (Bahia)">Salvador da Bahia</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brasilien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brasilien">Brasilien</a>), seit 1998</li> <li><span style="display:none">Vietnam</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0_N%E1%BA%B5ng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vietnam"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/20px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/40px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0_N%E1%BA%B5ng?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Đà Nẵng">Đà Nẵng</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vietnam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>), seit 1998</li> <li><span style="display:none">Marokko</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casablanca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marokko"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/20px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/40px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casablanca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casablanca">Casablanca</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marokko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marokko">Marokko</a>), seit 1999</li> <li><span style="display:none">Tunesien</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sousse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tunesien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sousse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sousse">Sousse</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tunesien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tunesien">Tunesien</a>), seit 2002</li> <li><span style="display:none">Slowakei</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bratislava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slowakei"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bratislava?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Slowakei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Slowakei">Slowakei</a>), seit 2003</li> <li><span style="display:none">Vereinigte Staaten</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Long_Beach_(Kalifornien)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 11px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Long_Beach_(Kalifornien)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Long Beach (Kalifornien)">Long Beach</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vereinigte_Staaten?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vereinigte Staaten">Vereinigte Staaten</a>), seit 2004</li> <li><span style="display:none">Italien</span><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ancona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italien"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 13px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="13" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ancona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ancona">Ancona</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italien">Italien</a>), seit 2005</li> <li><span style="display:none;">Deutschland</span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deutschland"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 12px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a> (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Deutschland?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Deutschland">Deutschland</a>), seit 2023<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(17)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=30&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Literatur" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-17 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-17"> <p><b>zum antiken und byzantinischen Smyrna</b></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Der_Kleine_Pauly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Der Kleine Pauly">Der Kleine Pauly</a> Bd. 5, 1979, Sp. 244</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Der_Neue_Pauly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Der Neue Pauly">Der Neue Pauly</a> Bd. 11, 2001, Sp. 661–663</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekrem_Akurgal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekrem Akurgal">Ekrem Akurgal</a>: <i>Eski Izmir</i>. 1. <i>Yerleşme katları ve Athena tapınağı</i>. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, Ankara 1983, (<i>Türk Tarih Kurumu yayınları.</i> 5. dizi, 40) (Dt. Ausg.: <i>Alt-Smyrna</i>. Bd. 1: <i>Wohnschichten und Athenatempel.</i> ebenda).</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ludwig_B%C3%BCrchner?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ludwig Bürchner">Ludwig Bürchner</a>: <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/RE:Smyrna_3" class="extiw" title="s:RE:Smyrna 3">Smyrna 3</a>.</i> In: <i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paulys_Realencyclop%C3%A4die_der_classischen_Altertumswissenschaft?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft">Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft</a></i> (RE). Band III A,1, Stuttgart 1927, Sp. 730–764.</li> <li>Thomas Ihnken: <i>Die Inschriften von Magnesia am Sipylos. Mit einem Kommentar zum Sympolitievertrag mit Smyrna.</i> Habrlt, Bonn, 1978 (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inschriften_griechischer_St%C3%A4dte_aus_Kleinasien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien">Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien</a>, Bd. 8), <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3774914850?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-7749-1485-0</a>.</li> <li>Dieter O. Klose: <i>Die Münzprägung von Smyrna in der römischen Kaiserzeit</i>. de Gruyter, Berlin 1987, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3110106205?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-11-010620-5</a> (<i>Antike Münzen und geschnittene Steine,</i> 10) (Teilw. zugl.: Saarbrücken, Univ., Diss., 1983).</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rudolf_Naumann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rudolf Naumann">Rudolf Naumann</a>, Selahattin Katar: <i>Die Agora von Smyrna</i>, In: <i>Istanbuler Forschungen.</i> 17, Tübingen 1950, <span class="plainlinks-print"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t%3Diss%253D%25220723-4333%2522%26key%3Dcql">0723-4333</a></span></span> S. 69–114.</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georg_Petzl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georg Petzl">Georg Petzl</a>: <i>Die Inschriften von Smyrna.</i> Habelt, Bonn 1982–1990 (<a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Inschriften_griechischer_St%C3%A4dte_aus_Kleinasien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien">Inschriften griechischer Städte aus Kleinasien</a>, Bd. 23–24. 2 Bde. in 3 Teilen) (Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Habil.-Schr.), <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3774918082?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-7749-1808-2</a>.</li> <li>Yasemin Tuna-Nörling: <i>Die attisch-schwarzfigurige Keramik und der attische Keramikexport nach Kleinasien. Die Ausgrabungen von Alt-Smyrna und Pitane</i>. Wasmuth, Tübingen 1995, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3803017629?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-8030-1762-9</a>. (<i>Istanbuler Forschungen,</i> 41). <span class="plainlinks-print"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t%3Diss%253D%25220723-4333%2522%26key%3Dcql">0723-4333</a></span></span> (Zugl.: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 1991).</li> </ul> <p><b>zum osmanisch-türkischen Izmir</b></p> <ul> <li>Garabed Hatscherian: <i>Smyrna 1922. Das Tagebuch des Arztes Garabed Hatscherian</i>. Hrsg. u. aus dem Armenischen übersetzt von Dora Sakayan. Mit einer Einleitung von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tessa_Hofmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tessa Hofmann">Tessa Hofmann</a>. KITAB, Klagenfurt 2006, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3902005874?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-902005-87-4</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lutz_C._Kleveman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lutz C. Kleveman">Lutz C. Kleveman</a>: <i>Smyrna in Flammen. Der Untergang der osmanischen Metropole 1922 und seine Folgen für Europa.</i> Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2022, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783351034597?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-351-03459-7</a>.</li> <li>René Puaux: <i>Les derniers jours de Smyrne.</i> Soc. Gén. d’Impr., Paris 1923.</li> <li><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_W._Schmidt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jürgen W. Schmidt">Jürgen W. Schmidt</a>: <i>Reichskanzler Fürst Bismarck und eine Matrosenschlägerei in Smyrna im Jahre 1877. Die erfolgreiche Entschärfung eines drohenden deutsch-französischen Konflikts.</i> In: <i>Deutsches Schiffahrtsarchiv – Wissenschaftliches Jahrbuch des Deutschen Schiffahrtsmuseums.</i> Bd. 33 (2010), Wiefelstede 2011, S. 323–348.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(18)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=31&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-18 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-18"> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"> <div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </div><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%25C4%25B0zmir?uselang%3Dde"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Izmir</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien </div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"> <span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/24px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/32px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Izmir" class="extiw" title="wikt:Izmir">Wiktionary: Izmir</a></b> – Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen </div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"> <div class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikivoyage"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> </div><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Izmir" class="extiw" title="voy:Izmir">Wikivoyage: Izmir</a></b> – Reiseführer </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nzz.ch/article868NV-1.194807"><i>Die Schule des Kosmopolitismus. Smyrna, ein zerstörtes und vergessenes Klein-Paris in der Ägäis</i></a>, Neue Zürcher Zeitung vom 4. Januar 2003</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(19)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=edit&section=32&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Bearbeiten</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-19 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-19"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Infobox_Ort_in_der_Türkei.EinwohnerOrt-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Infobox_Ort_in_der_T%C3%BCrkei.EinwohnerOrt_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nufusu.com/il/izmir-nufusu">nufusu.com</a>, abgerufen am 27. November 2024</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.yesilova.ege.edu.tr/">Offizielle Website des Yeşilova Grabhügels</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">vgl. unter anderem <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strabon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strabon">Strabon</a>, <i>Geographie</i> 11,5,4; <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tacitus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a>, <i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annales_(Tacitus)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annales (Tacitus)">Annales</a></i> 4,56; <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stephanos_von_Byzanz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stephanos von Byzanz">Stephanos von Byzanz</a> s. v. <i>Smyrna</i>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekrem_Akurgal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekrem Akurgal">Ekrem Akurgal</a>: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Old Smyrna’s 1st Settlement Layer and the Artemis Sanctuary</cite>. Turkish Historical Society, 1983 (englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Izmir&rft.au=Ekrem+Akurgal&rft.btitle=Old+Smyrna%E2%80%99s+1st+Settlement+Layer+and+the+Artemis+Sanctuary&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Turkish+Historical+Society" style="display:none"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.yesilova.ege.edu.tr/"><i>Yeşilova Höyük excavations.</i></a><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 21. Februar 2007</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AIzmir&rft.title=Ye%C5%9Filova+H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk+excavations&rft.description=Ye%C5%9Filova+H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk+excavations&rft.identifier=&rft.date="> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mike Carr, Nikolaos G. Chrissis (Hrsg.): <i>Contact and Conflict in Frankish Greece and the Aegean, 1204–1453: Crusade, Religion and Trade between Latins, Greeks and Turks</i>, Ashgate Publishing, 2014, S. 131</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Meyer Setton (Hrsg.), Anthony Luttrell: <i>A History of the Crusades: The fourteenth and fifteenth centuries</i>, American Philosophical Society, 1976, S. 308</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Meyer Setton: <i>The Papacy and the Levant, 1204–1571: The Fifteenth Century</i>, American Philosophical Society, 1978, S. 317</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Benno Bickel, Karl-Wilhelm Koch, Florian Schmidt: <i>Dampf unterm Halbmond. Die letzten Jahre des Dampfbetriebs in der Türkei</i>. Verlag Röhr, Krefeld 1987, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3884901834?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-88490-183-4</a>, S. 10</span></li> <li id="cite_note-ss18S254-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ss18S254_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Sercan Sağlam: <i>Urban Palimpsest at Galata & an architectural inventory study for the genoese colonial territories in Asia Minor</i>, Mailand 2018, S. 254ff.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-möa.i’t-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-m%C3%B6a.i%E2%80%99t_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Mehmet Ö. Alkan: İzmir’in Tarihi. Tarihte Bayrağı Olan Nadir Şehir. Toplumsal Tarih. März 2020.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul C. Helmreich: <i>From Paris to Sèvres. The Partition of the Ottoman Empire at the Peace Conference of 1919–1920</i>, Ohio 1974, S. 169 ff.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cemil Bilsel: <i>Lozan</i>, Bd. I, S. 261–272</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taner Akcam <i>Armenien und der Völkermord</i>, Hamburg 2004, S. 108</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Smyrna 1922. Das Tagebuch des Arztes Garabed Hatscherian.</i> Hrsg. u. aus dem Armenischen übersetzt von Dora Sakayan. Mit einer Einleitung von <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tessa_Hofmann?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tessa Hofmann">Tessa Hofmann</a>. KITAB, Klagenfurt 2006, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3902005874?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-902005-87-4</a> (Tagebuch eines armenischen Arztes und Einwohners von Izmir über Massaker an der dortigen armenischen Bevölkerung während des türkisch-griechischen Krieges). Siehe hierzu auch: Wilhelm Baum: <i>HATSCHERIAN, Garabed.</i> In: <i><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biographisch-Bibliographisches_Kirchenlexikon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon">Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon</a></i> (BBKL). Band 27, Bautz, Nordhausen 2007, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783883093932?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-88309-393-2</a>, Sp. 623–624<span class="metadata"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629213347/http://www.bautz.de/bbkl/h/hatscherian_g.shtml">Artikel/Artikelanfang im Internet-Archive</a>)</span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">George Horton: <i>The Blight of Asia</i>, 1926 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/blightofasiaacco00hort">online</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">René Puaux: <i>Les derniers jours de Smyrne</i>, 1923.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.romarchive.eu/de/terms/sepecides-sevlengere-roma/">https://www.romarchive.eu/de/terms/sepecides-sevlengere-roma/</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.coe.int/factsheets-on-romani-culture-3-9-the-sepecides-from-izmir-and-surround/1680aac39d">https://rm.coe.int/factsheets-on-romani-culture-3-9-the-sepecides-from-izmir-and-surround/1680aac39d</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lehmanns.de/shop/geisteswissenschaften/2393553-9783447041881-sepecides-romani">https://www.lehmanns.de/shop/geisteswissenschaften/2393553-9783447041881-sepecides-romani</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.haberturk.com/polemik/haber/831995-gavur-izmir-nereden-gelir">Murat Bardakci: <i>Gâvur İzmir' nereden gelir</i></a>, Habertürk, 31. März 2013</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.phoenix.de/content/phoenix/die_sendungen/ereignisse/thema:_welttour_tuerkei_2017/2528670?datum%3D2018-01-04">https://www.phoenix.de/content/phoenix/die_sendungen/ereignisse/thema:_welttour_tuerkei_2017/2528670?datum=2018-01-04</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Committee on Social Affairs, Health and Sustainable Development, Sub-Committee on the Europe Prize: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://assembly.coe.int/LifeRay/APCE/prix/EuropePrize/2022/20220426-EuropePrize-EN.pdf"><i>Winners of the Europe Prize, the Plaque of Honour, The Flag of Honour and the European Diploma for 2022.</i></a> (PDF) <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlamentarische_Versammlung_des_Europarats?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Parlamentarische Versammlung des Europarats">Parlamentarische Versammlung des Europarats</a>, 26. April 2022, archiviert vom <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r235239667">.mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-position:center right;background-repeat:no-repeat}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/OOjs_UI_icon_external-link-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:10px;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/MediaWiki_external_link_icon.svg")!important;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:0.857em;padding-right:1em!important}</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fassembly.coe.int%252FLifeRay%252FAPCE%252Fprix%252FEuropePrize%252F2022%252F20220426-EuropePrize-EN.pdf">Original</a></span> am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">7. Dezember 2022</span><span>;</span><span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 7. Dezember 2022</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AIzmir&rft.title=Winners+of+the+Europe+Prize%2C+the+Plaque+of+Honour%2C+The+Flag+of+Honour+and+the+European+Diploma+for+2022&rft.description=Winners+of+the+Europe+Prize%2C+the+Plaque+of+Honour%2C+The+Flag+of+Honour+and+the+European+Diploma+for+2022&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F%2A%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fassembly.coe.int%2FLifeRay%2FAPCE%2Fprix%2FEuropePrize%2F2022%2F20220426-EuropePrize-EN.pdf&rft.creator=Committee+on+Social+Affairs%2C+Health+and+Sustainable+Development%2C+Sub-Committee+on+the+Europe+Prize&rft.publisher=%5B%5BParlamentarische+Versammlung+des+Europarats%5D%5D&rft.date=2022-04-26&rft.source=https://assembly.coe.int/LifeRay/APCE/prix/EuropePrize/2022/20220426-EuropePrize-EN.pdf&rft.language=englisch"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.e-yasamrehberi.com/tren-saatleri/bolgesel-trenler/izmir-denizli-tren-saatleri.htm">e-yasamrehberi.com</a> (türkisch)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_25-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_25-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernhard Kußmagk, Robert Schwandl: <cite class="lang" lang="de en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Tram Atlas Türkei | Türkiye</cite>. 1. Auflage. Robert Schwandl Verlag, Berlin 2024, <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783936573770?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-936573-77-0</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>18, 64<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>ff</span>. (deutsch, englisch).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Izmir&rft.au=Bernhard+Ku%C3%9Fmagk%2C+Robert+Schwandl&rft.btitle=Tram+Atlas+T%C3%BCrkei+%7C+T%C3%BCrkiye&rft.date=2024&rft.edition=1.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783936573770&rft.pages=18%2C+64+ff.&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Robert+Schwandl+Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>First Izmir Tram Nearing Completion</i>. In: Ha Rakevet 111 (Dezember 2015), 111:09 A (v), S. 12.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/marmaray-corridor-to-open-in-q1-2019-minister-says.html">Marmaray corridor to open in Q1 2019, minister says</a> <i>auf railwaygazette.com</i> (englisch), abgerufen am 16. Dezember 2018</span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Yeni Şafak: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.yenisafak.com/yerel-secim-2019/izmir-buyuksehir-belediye-meclis-secim-sonuclari"><i>İzmir Büyükşehir Belediye Meclisi Seçim Sonuçları – Yerel Seçim 2019.</i></a> 29. Mai 2019,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 29. Mai 2019</span> (türkisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AIzmir&rft.title=%C4%B0zmir+B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir+Belediye+Meclisi+Se%C3%A7im+Sonu%C3%A7lar%C4%B1+%E2%80%93+Yerel+Se%C3%A7im+2019&rft.description=%C4%B0zmir+B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir+Belediye+Meclisi+Se%C3%A7im+Sonu%C3%A7lar%C4%B1+%E2%80%93+Yerel+Se%C3%A7im+2019&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yenisafak.com%2Fyerel-secim-2019%2Fizmir-buyuksehir-belediye-meclis-secim-sonuclari&rft.creator=Yeni+%C5%9Eafak&rft.date=2019-05-29&rft.language=tr"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k%3DH%26m%3DIZMIRhttps://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k%3DH%26m%3DIGDIR"><i>Resmi İstatistikler: İllere Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020).</i></a> Staatliches Meteorologisches Amt der Türkischen Republik,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 1. Mai 2023</span> (türkisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AIzmir&rft.title=Resmi+%C4%B0statistikler%3A+%C4%B0llere+Ait+Mevism+Normalleri+%281991%E2%80%932020%29&rft.description=Resmi+%C4%B0statistikler%3A+%C4%B0llere+Ait+Mevism+Normalleri+%281991%E2%80%932020%29&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mgm.gov.tr%2Fveridegerlendirme%2Fil-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx%3Fk%3DH%26m%3DIZMIRhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mgm.gov.tr%2Fveridegerlendirme%2Fil-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx%3Fk%3DH%26m%3DIGDIR&rft.publisher=Staatliches+Meteorologisches+Amt+der+T%C3%BCrkischen+Republik&rft.language=tr"> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.footballderbies.com/honours/index.php?id%3D140">footballderbies.com</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.karsiyakausa.com/">karsiyakausa.com</a> (türkisch)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.yali.org/">Yali.org</a> (türkisch)</span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Izmir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frankfurt.de/service-und-rathaus/verwaltung/aemter-und-institutionen/referat-fuer-internationale-angelegenheiten/staedtekooperationen"><i>Städtekooperationen frankfurt.de.</i></a><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 22. Dezember 2023</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AIzmir&rft.title=St%C3%A4dtekooperationen+frankfurt.de&rft.description=St%C3%A4dtekooperationen+frankfurt.de&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Ffrankfurt.de%2Fservice-und-rathaus%2Fverwaltung%2Faemter-und-institutionen%2Freferat-fuer-internationale-angelegenheiten%2Fstaedtekooperationen"> </span></span></li> </ol> <div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable normdaten-typ-g" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="normdaten"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div> Normdaten (Geografikum): <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://d-nb.info/gnd/4096359-7">4096359-7</a></span> <span class="noprint">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lobid.org/gnd/4096359-7">lobid</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://swb.bsz-bw.de/DB%3D2.104/SET%3D1/TTL%3D1/CMD?retrace%3D0%26trm_old%3D%26ACT%3DSRCHA%26IKT%3D2999%26SRT%3DRLV%26TRM%3D4096359-7">OGND</a><span class="metadata">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://prometheus.lmu.de/gnd/4096359-7">AKS</a></span>)</span> | <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lccn.loc.gov/n79042141">n79042141</a></span> | <a href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://viaf.org/viaf/1147602305857640347/">1147602305857640347</a></span> <span class="metadata"></span> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Abgerufen von „<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DIzmir%26oldid%3D250745763">https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Izmir&oldid=250745763</a>“ </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://de-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Izmir&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Kpisimon" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1732730834"> <span>Zuletzt bearbeitet am 27. November 2024 um 19:07</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Sprachen</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258A%25A2%25E1%258B%259D%25E1%2588%259A%25E1%2588%25AD" title="ኢዝሚር – Amharisch" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢዝሚር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna – Altenglisch" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Smyrna" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Altenglisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A5%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="إزمير – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إزمير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="ازمير – Ägyptisches Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ازمير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Ägyptisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Awarisch" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Awarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ایزمیر – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایزمیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Baschkirisch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkirisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Balinesisch" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2580" title="Ізмір – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ізмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25B7%25D1%258C%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2580" title="Ізьмір – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ізьмір" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="ইজমির – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইজমির" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Bretonisch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Tschetschenisch" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tschetschenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="İzmir (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="İzmir (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A6%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ئیزمیر – Zentralkurdisch" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیزمیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Zentralkurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Smyrna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Tschuwaschisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tschuwaschisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Walisisch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A3%25CE%25BC%25CF%258D%25CF%2581%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B7" title="Σμύρνη – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σμύρνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmiro" title="Izmiro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Izmiro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ازمیر – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ازمیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Färöisch" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Färöisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir_(Steed)" title="İzmir (Steed) – Nordfriesisch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="İzmir (Steed)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Nordfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Westfriesisch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Gälisch (Schottland)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gälisch (Schottland)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%258A%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="ايزمير – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايزمير" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2596%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8" title="איזמיר – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איזמיר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="इज़मिर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इज़मिर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir_(telep%25C3%25BCl%25C3%25A9s)" title="İzmir (település) – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="İzmir (település)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BB%25D5%25A6%25D5%25B4%25D5%25AB%25D6%2580" title="Իզմիր – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իզմիր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BB%25D5%25A6%25D5%25B4%25D5%25AB%25D6%2580" title="Իզմիր – Westarmenisch" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իզմիր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Westarmenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smirne" title="Smirne – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Smirne" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2582%25BA%25E3%2583%259F%25E3%2583%25AB" title="イズミル – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イズミル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Javanisch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598" title="იზმირი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იზმირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Karakalpakisch" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%2587%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AE%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಇಜ್ಮಿರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಜ್ಮಿರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259D%25B4%25EC%25A6%2588%25EB%25AF%25B8%25EB%25A5%25B4" title="이즈미르 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이즈미르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%258Ezm%25C3%25AEr" title="Îzmîr – Kurdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îzmîr" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Kirgisisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smyrna" title="Smyrna – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Smyrna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Luxemburgisch" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Limburgisch" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmiras" title="Izmiras – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Izmiras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmira" title="Izmira – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Izmira" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Mokschanisch" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Ostmari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Ostmari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%2587%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25AE%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B5%25BC,_%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%2581%25E0%25B5%25BC%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%25BF" title="ഇസ്മിർ, തുർക്കി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്മിർ, തുർക്കി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Mongolisch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%259D%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B0" title="इझ्मिर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इझ्मिर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Bergmari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Bergmari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Ersja-Mordwinisch" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Ersja-Mordwinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ازمیر – Masanderanisch" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ازمیر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Niederdeutsch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niederdeutsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Okzitanisch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2587%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%25B0" title="ਇਜ਼ਮਿਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਜ਼ਮਿਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ازمیر – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ازمیر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1" title="ازمير – Paschtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ازمير" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paschtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmirna" title="Esmirna – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Esmirna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Vlax-Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax-Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Aromunisch" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromunisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Schottisch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Slowakisch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ازمیر – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ازمیر" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Slowenisch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmiri" title="Izmiri – Albanisch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Izmiri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Schlesisch (Wasserpolnisch)" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Schlesisch (Wasserpolnisch)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2587%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AF%258D" title="இசுமீர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுமீர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Tadschikisch" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadschikisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%258B%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%258C" title="อิซมีร์ – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิซมีร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Talisch" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Tatarisch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580" title="Измир – Udmurtisch" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Измир" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurtisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Uigurisch" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uigurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2586%25D0%25B7%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2580" title="Ізмір – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ізмір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25DB%258C%25D8%25B1" title="ازمیر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ازمیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smirne" title="Smirne – Venetisch" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Smirne" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25B0zmir" title="İzmir – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="İzmir" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E5%2585%25B9%25E5%25AF%2586%25E5%25B0%2594" title="伊兹密尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊兹密尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2596%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598" title="იზმირი – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იზმირი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2596%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8" title="איזמיר – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איזמיר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%25A3%25E2%25B5%258E%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%2594" title="ⵉⵣⵎⵉⵔ – Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵣⵎⵉⵔ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E5%2585%25B9%25E5%25AF%2586%25E5%25B0%2594" title="伊兹密尔 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊兹密尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir" title="Izmir – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Izmir" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%258A%25E8%258C%25B2%25E7%25BE%258E%25E7%2588%25BE" title="伊茲美爾 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊茲美爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 27. 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