Git - Smart HTTP

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="pl"> <head> <meta charset='utf-8'> <meta content='IE=edge,chrome=1' http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible'> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Git - Smart HTTP</title> <link href="/favicon.ico" rel='shortcut icon' type='image/x-icon'> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/application.min.css"> <script src="/js/modernizr.js"></script> <script src="/js/modernize.js"></script> </head> <body id="documentation"> <div class="inner"> <header> <a href="/"><img src="/images/logo@2x.png" width="110" height="46" alt="Git" /></a> <span id="tagline"></span> <script type="text/javascript"> const taglines = [ "fast-version-control", "everything-is-local", "distributed-even-if-your-workflow-isnt", "local-branching-on-the-cheap", "distributed-is-the-new-centralized" ]; var tagline = taglines[Math.floor(Math.random() * taglines.length)]; document.getElementById('tagline').innerHTML = '--' + tagline; </script> <form id="search" action="/search/results"> <input id="search-text" name="search" placeholder="Type / to search entire site…" autocomplete="off" type="text" /> </form> <div id="search-results"></div> </header> </div> <div class="inner"> <div id="content-wrapper"> <div tabindex="1" class="sidebar-btn"></div> <aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar"> <nav> <ul> <li> <a href="/about">About</a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/doc" class="active">Documentation</a> <ul class="expanded"> <li> <a href="/docs">Reference</a> </li> <li> <a href="/book" class="active">Book</a> </li> <li> <a href="/videos">Videos</a> </li> <li> <a href="/doc/ext">External Links</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/downloads">Downloads</a> <ul > <li> <a href="/downloads/guis">GUI Clients</a> </li> <li> <a href="/downloads/logos">Logos</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/community">Community</a> </li> </ul> <hr class="sidebar"> <p> This book is available in <a href="/book/en/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">English</a>. </p> <p> Full translation available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/az/v2/Server%e2%80%99d%c9%99-Git-Smart-HTTP">azərbaycan dili</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/bg/v2/GitHub-%d0%9e%d0%b1%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%89%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5">български език</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/de/v2/Git-auf-dem-Server-Smart-HTTP">Deutsch</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/es/v2/Git-en-el-Servidor-HTTP-Inteligente">Español</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fr/v2/Git-sur-le-serveur-HTTP-intelligent">Français</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/gr">Ελληνικά</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ja/v2/Git%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc-Smart-HTTP">日本語</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ko/v2/Git-%ec%84%9c%eb%b2%84-%ec%8a%a4%eb%a7%88%ed%8a%b8-HTTP">한국어</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/nl/v2/Git-op-de-server-Slimme-HTTP">Nederlands</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ru/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5-%d0%a3%d0%bc%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-HTTP">Русский</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sl/v2/Git-na-stre%c5%beniku-Pametni-HTTP">Slovenščina</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tl/v2/Git-sa-Server-Smart-HTTP">Tagalog</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uk/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%96-%d0%a0%d0%be%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%bc%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b9-HTTP">Українська</a></td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh/v2/%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84-Git-Smart-HTTP">简体中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Partial translations available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/cs/v2/Git-na-serveru-Chytr%c3%bd-HTTP">Čeština</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/mk/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%a1%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80-Smart-HTTP">Македонски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Smart-HTTP">Polski</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sr/v2/%d0%93%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%83-%d0%9f%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd-HTTP">Српски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uz/v2/Git-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b4%d0%b0-Smart-HTTP">Ўзбекча</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh-tw/v2/%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84-Git-Smart-HTTP">繁體中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Translations started for <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">Беларуская</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fa/v2/%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-%d8%b1%d9%88%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1-HTTP-%d9%87%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%85%d9%86%d8%af" dir="rtl">فارسی</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/id/v2/Git-di-Server-Smart-HTTP">Indonesian</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/it/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">Italiano</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">Bahasa Melayu</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-br/v2/Git-no-servidor-Smart-HTTP">Português (Brasil)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-pt/v2/Git-no-Servidor-Smart-HTTP">Português (Portugal)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sv/v2/Git-p%c3%a5-servern-Smart-HTTP">Svenska</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tr/v2/Bir-Sunucuda-Git-Kurma-Ak%c4%b1ll%c4%b1-HTTP">Türkçe</a>.</td></tr> </table> </p> <hr class="sidebar"/> <p> The source of this book is <a href="https://github.com/progit2-pl/progit2-pl">hosted on GitHub.</a></br> Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. </p> </nav> </aside> <div id="content"> <div id="book-chapters"> <a class="dropdown-trigger" id="book-chapters-trigger" data-panel-id="chapters-dropdown" href="#">Chapters ▾</a> <div class='dropdown-panel' id='chapters-dropdown'> <div class='three-column'> <div class="column-left"> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>1. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Wprowadzenie-do-kontroli-wersji">Pierwsze kroki</a></h2> <ol> <li> 1.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Wprowadzenie-do-kontroli-wersji">Wprowadzenie do kontroli wersji</a> </li> <li> 1.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Kr%c3%b3tka-historia-Git">Krótka historia Git</a> </li> <li> 1.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Podstawy-Git">Podstawy Git</a> </li> <li> 1.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Linia-polece%c5%84">Linia poleceń</a> </li> <li> 1.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Instalacja-Git">Instalacja Git</a> </li> <li> 1.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Wst%c4%99pna-konfiguracja-Git">Wstępna konfiguracja Git</a> </li> <li> 1.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Uzyskiwanie-pomocy">Uzyskiwanie pomocy</a> </li> <li> 1.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Pierwsze-kroki-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>2. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Pierwsze-repozytorium-Gita">Podstawy Gita</a></h2> <ol> <li> 2.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Pierwsze-repozytorium-Gita">Pierwsze repozytorium Gita</a> </li> <li> 2.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Rejestrowanie-zmian-w-repozytorium">Rejestrowanie zmian w repozytorium</a> </li> <li> 2.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Podgl%c4%85d-historii-rewizji">Podgląd historii rewizji</a> </li> <li> 2.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Cofanie-zmian">Cofanie zmian</a> </li> <li> 2.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Praca-ze-zdalnym-repozytorium">Praca ze zdalnym repozytorium</a> </li> <li> 2.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Tagowanie">Tagowanie</a> </li> <li> 2.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Aliasy">Aliasy</a> </li> <li> 2.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Podstawy-Gita-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>3. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Czym-jest-ga%c5%82%c4%85%c5%ba">Gałęzie Gita</a></h2> <ol> <li> 3.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Czym-jest-ga%c5%82%c4%85%c5%ba">Czym jest gałąź</a> </li> <li> 3.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Podstawy-rozga%c5%82%c4%99ziania-i-scalania">Podstawy rozgałęziania i scalania</a> </li> <li> 3.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Zarz%c4%85dzanie-ga%c5%82%c4%99ziami">Zarządzanie gałęziami</a> </li> <li> 3.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Sposoby-pracy-z-ga%c5%82%c4%99ziami">Sposoby pracy z gałęziami</a> </li> <li> 3.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-zdalne">Gałęzie zdalne</a> </li> <li> 3.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Zmiana-bazy">Zmiana bazy</a> </li> <li> 3.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Ga%c5%82%c4%99zie-Gita-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>4. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Protoko%c5%82y">Git na serwerze</a></h2> <ol> <li> 4.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Protoko%c5%82y">Protokoły</a> </li> <li> 4.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Uruchomienie-Git-na-serwerze">Uruchomienie Git na serwerze</a> </li> <li> 4.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Generowanie-Twojego-publicznego-klucza-SSH">Generowanie Twojego publicznego klucza SSH</a> </li> <li> 4.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Konfigurowanie-serwera">Konfigurowanie serwera</a> </li> <li> 4.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Git-Daemon">Git Daemon</a> </li> <li> 4.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Smart-HTTP" class="active">Smart HTTP</a> </li> <li> 4.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-GitWeb">GitWeb</a> </li> <li> 4.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-GitLab">GitLab</a> </li> <li> 4.9 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Inne-opcje-hostowania-przez-podmioty-zewn%c4%99trzne">Inne opcje hostowania przez podmioty zewnętrzne</a> </li> <li> 4.10 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>5. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Rozproszony-Git-Rozproszone-przep%c5%82ywy-pracy">Rozproszony Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 5.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Rozproszony-Git-Rozproszone-przep%c5%82ywy-pracy">Rozproszone przepływy pracy</a> </li> <li> 5.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Rozproszony-Git-Wgrywanie-zmian-do-projektu">Wgrywanie zmian do projektu</a> </li> <li> 5.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Rozproszony-Git-Utrzymywanie-projektu">Utrzymywanie projektu</a> </li> <li> 5.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Rozproszony-Git-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-middle'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>6. <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">GitHub</a></h2> <ol> <li> 6.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">Account Setup and Configuration</a> </li> <li> 6.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Contributing-to-a-Project">Contributing to a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Maintaining-a-Project">Maintaining a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Managing-an-organization">Managing an organization</a> </li> <li> 6.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Scripting-GitHub">Scripting GitHub</a> </li> <li> 6.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/GitHub-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>7. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Wskazywanie-rewizji">Narzędzia Gita</a></h2> <ol> <li> 7.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Wskazywanie-rewizji">Wskazywanie rewizji</a> </li> <li> 7.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Interaktywne-u%c5%bcywanie-przechowali">Interaktywne używanie przechowali</a> </li> <li> 7.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Schowek-i-czyszczenie">Schowek i czyszczenie</a> </li> <li> 7.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Signing-Your-Work">Signing Your Work</a> </li> <li> 7.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Searching">Searching</a> </li> <li> 7.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Przepisywanie-historii">Przepisywanie historii</a> </li> <li> 7.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Reset-Demystified">Reset Demystified</a> </li> <li> 7.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Advanced-Merging">Advanced Merging</a> </li> <li> 7.9 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Rerere">Rerere</a> </li> <li> 7.10 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Debugowanie-z-Gitem">Debugowanie z Gitem</a> </li> <li> 7.11 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Modu%c5%82y-zale%c5%bcne">Moduły zależne</a> </li> <li> 7.12 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Bundling">Bundling</a> </li> <li> 7.13 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Replace">Replace</a> </li> <li> 7.14 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Credential-Storage">Credential Storage</a> </li> <li> 7.15 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Narz%c4%99dzia-Gita-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>8. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-Konfiguracja-Gita">Dostosowywanie Gita</a></h2> <ol> <li> 8.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-Konfiguracja-Gita">Konfiguracja Gita</a> </li> <li> 8.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-Git-Attributes">Git Attributes</a> </li> <li> 8.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-Git-Hooks">Git Hooks</a> </li> <li> 8.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-An-Example-Git-Enforced-Policy">An Example Git-Enforced Policy</a> </li> <li> 8.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Dostosowywanie-Gita-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>9. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-i-inne-systemy-Git-jako-klient">Git i inne systemy</a></h2> <ol> <li> 9.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-i-inne-systemy-Git-jako-klient">Git jako klient</a> </li> <li> 9.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-i-inne-systemy-Migracja-do-Gita">Migracja do Gita</a> </li> <li> 9.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-i-inne-systemy-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>10. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Komendy-typu-plumbing-i-porcelain">Mechanizmy wewnętrzne w Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 10.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Komendy-typu-plumbing-i-porcelain">Komendy typu plumbing i porcelain</a> </li> <li> 10.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Obiekty-Gita">Obiekty Gita</a> </li> <li> 10.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Referencje-w-Git">Referencje w Git</a> </li> <li> 10.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Spakowane-pliki-packfiles">Spakowane pliki (packfiles)</a> </li> <li> 10.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Refspec">Refspec</a> </li> <li> 10.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Protoko%c5%82y-transferu">Protokoły transferu</a> </li> <li> 10.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Konserwacja-i-odzyskiwanie-danych">Konserwacja i odzyskiwanie danych</a> </li> <li> 10.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Environment-Variables">Environment Variables</a> </li> <li> 10.9 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Mechanizmy-wewn%c4%99trzne-w-Git-Podsumowanie">Podsumowanie</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-right'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A1. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Appendix A: Git in Other Environments</a></h2> <ol> <li> A1.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Graphical Interfaces</a> </li> <li> A1.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio">Git in Visual Studio</a> </li> <li> A1.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Eclipse">Git in Eclipse</a> </li> <li> A1.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Bash">Git in Bash</a> </li> <li> A1.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Zsh">Git in Zsh</a> </li> <li> A1.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Powershell">Git in Powershell</a> </li> <li> A1.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A2. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications</a></h2> <ol> <li> A2.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Command-line Git</a> </li> <li> A2.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Libgit2">Libgit2</a> </li> <li> A2.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-JGit">JGit</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A3. <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Appendix C: Git Commands</a></h2> <ol> <li> A3.1 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Setup and Config</a> </li> <li> A3.2 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Getting-and-Creating-Projects">Getting and Creating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.3 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Basic-Snapshotting">Basic Snapshotting</a> </li> <li> A3.4 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Branching-and-Merging">Branching and Merging</a> </li> <li> A3.5 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Sharing-and-Updating-Projects">Sharing and Updating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.6 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Inspection-and-Comparison">Inspection and Comparison</a> </li> <li> A3.7 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Debugging">Debugging</a> </li> <li> A3.8 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Patching">Patching</a> </li> <li> A3.9 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Email">Email</a> </li> <li> A3.10 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-External-Systems">External Systems</a> </li> <li> A3.11 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Administration">Administration</a> </li> <li> A3.12 <a href="/book/pl/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Plumbing-Commands">Plumbing Commands</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <span class="light" id="edition"> 2nd Edition </span> </div> <div id="main" data-pagefind-filter="category:book" data-pagefind-meta="category:Book" data-pagefind-weight="0.05" data-pagefind-body class="book edition2"> <h1>4.6 Git na serwerze - Smart HTTP</h1> <div> <h2 id="_smart_http_2">Smart HTTP</h2> <div class="paragraph"> <p> We now have authenticated access though SSH and unauthenticated access through <code>git://</code>, but there is also a protocol that can do both at the same time. Setting up Smart HTTP is basically just enabling a CGI script that is provided with Git called <code>git-http-backend</code> on the server. This CGI will read the path and headers sent by a <code>git fetch</code> or <code>git push</code> to an HTTP URL and determine if the client can communicate over HTTP (which is true for any client since version 1.6.6). If the CGI sees that the client is smart, it will communicate smartly with it, otherwise it will fall back to the dumb behavior (so it is backward compatible for reads with older clients).</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Let’s walk through a very basic setup. We’ll set this up with Apache as the CGI server. If you don’t have Apache setup, you can do so on a Linux box with something like this:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ sudo apt-get install apache2 apache2-utils $ a2enmod cgi alias env</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>This also enables the <code>mod_cgi</code>, <code>mod_alias</code>, and <code>mod_env</code> modules, which are all needed for this to work properly.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Next we need to add some things to the Apache configuration to run the <code>git-http-backend</code> as the handler for anything coming into the <code>/git</code> path of your web server.</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /opt/git SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/libexec/git-core/git-http-backend/</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>If you leave out <code>GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL</code> environment variable, then Git will only serve to unauthenticated clients the repositories with the <code>git-daemon-export-ok</code> file in them, just like the Git daemon did.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Then you’ll have to tell Apache to allow requests to that path with something like this:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console"><Directory "/usr/lib/git-core*"> Options ExecCGI Indexes Order allow,deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory></code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Finally you’ll want to make writes be authenticated somehow, possibly with an Auth block like this:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console"><LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$"> AuthType Basic AuthName "Git Access" AuthUserFile /opt/git/.htpasswd Require valid-user </LocationMatch></code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>That will require you to create a <code>.htaccess</code> file containing the passwords of all the valid users. Here is an example of adding a “schacon” user to the file:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ htdigest -c /opt/git/.htpasswd "Git Access" schacon</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>There are tons of ways to have Apache authenticate users, you’ll have to choose and implement one of them. This is just the simplest example we could come up with. You’ll also almost certainly want to set this up over SSL so all this data is encrypted.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>We don’t want to go too far down the rabbit hole of Apache configuration specifics, since you could well be using a different server or have different authentication needs. The idea is that Git comes with a CGI called <code>git-http-backend</code> that when invoked will do all the negotiation to send and receive data over HTTP. It does not implement any authentication itself, but that can easily be controlled at the layer of the web server that invokes it. You can do this with nearly any CGI-capable web server, so go with the one that you know best.</p> </div> <div class="admonitionblock note"> <table> <tr> <td class="icon"> <div class="title">Note</div> </td> <td class="content"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>For more information on configuring authentication in Apache, check out the Apache docs here: <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/auth.html" class="bare">http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/auth.html</a></p> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="nav"><a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Git-Daemon">prev</a> | <a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-GitWeb">next</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="site-source"> <a href="/site">About this site</a><br> Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. </div> <div class="sfc-member"> Git is a member of <a href="/sfc">Software Freedom Conservancy</a> </div> </footer> <a href="#top" class="no-js scrollToTop" id="scrollToTop" data-label="Scroll to top"> <img src="/images/icons/chevron-up@2x.png" width="20" height="20" alt="scroll-to-top"/> </a> <script src="/js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery-ui-1.8.18.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.defaultvalue.js"></script> <script src="/js/session.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/application.min.js"></script> </div> </body> </html>

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Git - Smart HTTP